Service Manual #48 QSD 2.0 Liter Diesel Engines
Sterndrive Serial Numbers: 88201000 and Above Inboard Serial Numbers: 88200000 and Above
Models Covered Sterndrive Models Covered
Serial Number
QSD 2.0 Sterndrive
88201000 and Above
Inboard Models Covered
Serial Number
QSD 2.0 Inboard
88200000 and Above
Notice To Users Of This Manual Throughout this publication, dangers, warnings, cautions, and notices, (accompanied by the International HAZARD Symbol ! ) are used to alert the mechanic to special instructions concerning a particular service or operation that may be hazardous if performed incorrectly or carelessly. These safety alerts follow ANSI standard Z535.6‑2006 for product safety information in product manuals, instructions, and other collateral materials. OBSERVE THEM CAREFULLY! These safety alerts alone cannot eliminate the hazards that they signal. Strict compliance to these special instructions when performing the service, plus common sense operation, are major accident prevention measures.
! DANGER Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
! WARNING Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
! CAUTION Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in engine or major component failure. IMPORTANT: Identifies information essential to the successful completion of the task.
NOTE: Indicates information that helps in the understanding of a particular step or action. This manual has been written and published by the Service Department of Cummins MerCruiser Diesel to aid our dealers’ mechanics and company service personnel when servicing the products described herein. We reserve the right to make changes to this manual without prior notification. © 2007, Mercury Marine
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Mercury, Mercury Marine, MerCruiser, Mercury MerCruiser, Mercury Racing, Mercury Precision Parts, Mercury Propellers, Mariner, Quicksilver, #1 On The Water, Alpha, Bravo, Pro Max, OptiMax, Sport‑Jet, K‑Planes, MerCathode, RideGuide, SmartCraft, Zero Effort, M with Waves logo, Mercury with Waves logo, and SmartCraft logo are all registered trademarks of Brunswick Corporation. Mercury Product Protection logo is a registered service mark of Brunswick Corporation. It is assumed that these personnel are familiar with marine product servicing procedures. Furthermore, it is assumed that they have been trained in the recommended service procedures of Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Power Products, including the use of mechanics’ common hand tools and the special Cummins MerCruiser Diesel or recommended tools from other suppliers. We could not possibly know of and advise the marine trade of all conceivable procedures and of the possible hazards and/or results of each method. Therefore, anyone who uses a service procedure and/or tool, which is not recommended by the manufacturer, first must completely satisfy himself that neither his nor the products safety will be endangered. All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest product information available at the time of publication. As required, revisions to this manual will be sent to all dealers contracted by us to sell and/or service these products. Refer to dealer service bulletins, operation maintenance and warranty manuals and installation manuals for other pertinent information concerning the products described in this manual.
Work Precautions It should be kept in mind, while working on the product, that the electrical systems are capable of violent and damaging short circuits or severe electrical shocks. When performing any work where electrical terminals could possibly be grounded or touched by the mechanic, the battery cables should be disconnected at the battery. Any time the intake or exhaust openings are exposed during service they should be covered to protect against accidental entrance of foreign material which could enter the cylinders and cause extensive internal damage when the engine is started. It is important to note, during any maintenance procedure replacement fasteners must have the same measurements and strength as those removed. Numbers on the heads of the metric bolts and on the surfaces of metric nuts indicate their strength. American bolts use radial lines for this purpose, while most American nuts do not have strength markings. Mismatched or incorrect fasteners can result in damage or malfunction, or possibly personal injury. Therefore, fasteners removed should be saved for reuse in the same locations whenever possible. Where the fasteners are not satisfactory for reuse, care should be taken to select a replacement that matches the original. Personnel should not work on or under an engine that is suspended. Engines should be attached to work stands, or lowered to ground as soon as possible.
Replacement Parts Use of parts other than the recommended service replacement parts, will void the warranty on those parts that are damaged as a result.
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! WARNING Avoid fire or explosion hazard. Electrical, ignition, and fuel system components on Mercury Marine products comply with federal and international standards to minimize risk of fire or explosion. Do not use replacement electrical or fuel system components that do not comply with these standards. When servicing the electrical and fuel systems, properly install and tighten all components.
Cleanliness And Care Of Product A Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Power Product is a combination of many machined, honed, polished and lapped surfaces with tolerances that are measured in the thousands of a mm/ in. When any product component is serviced, care and cleanliness are important. Throughout this manual, it should be understood that proper cleaning and protection of machined surfaces and friction areas is a part of the repair procedure. This is considered standard shop practice even if not specifically stated. Whenever components are removed for service, they should be retained in order. At the time of installation, they should be installed in the same locations and with the same mating surfaces as when removed.
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Manual Outline 1 - Important Information A - General Information B - Maintenance C - Troubleshooting 2 - Removal And Installation A - Sterndrive Models B - Inboard Models 3 - Engine Mechanical A - QSD 2.0 Engines 4 - Electrical System A - Starting System B - Charging System C - Instrumentation D - Wiring Diagrams 5 - Fuel System A - Component Description B - Fuel Filter Assembly C - Common Rail and Fuel Lines D - Fuel Injectors E - High Pressure Fuel Pump F - ECS Diagnostics G - ECS Repair 6 - Cooling System A - Closed-Cooling System
Important Information
Removal And Installation
Engine Mechanical
Electrical System
Fuel System
Cooling System
Intake and Exhaust System
Drive System
Power-Assisted Steering System
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
7 - Intake and Exhaust System A - Intake Manifold and Aftercooler Assembly B - Exhaust Manifold and Elbow C - Turbocharger 8 - Drive System A - Technodrive Transmissions B - Propeller Shaft Models 9 - Power-Assisted Steering System A - Power-Assisted Steering Pump and Related Components
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General Information
Important Information
1
A
Section 1A - General Information
Table of Contents Introduction......................................................1A-2 How To Use This Manual.................................1A-2 Engine Serial Number and Decal Locations .........................................................................1A-2 Identification..............................................1A-2 Serial Number Decal.................................1A-2 Engine Data Plate Location......................1A-3 Engine Data Plate.....................................1A-3
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Emissions Information..............................1A-4 Operation—Duty Cycle....................................1A-4 Duty Cycle Rating.....................................1A-4 High Output Rating...................................1A-4 Engine Break‑In...............................................1A-5 20‑Hour Break‑In Period...........................1A-5 After the 20‑Hour Break‑In Period............1A-5
Page 1A-1
General Information
Introduction This comprehensive overhaul and repair manual is designed as a service guide for the MerCruiser and Cummins MerCruiser Diesel models listed earlier. It provides specific information, including procedures for disassembly, inspection, assembly and adjustment, to enable dealers and service mechanics to repair these products. Before attempting repairs, read through the procedures to understand the methods and tools used and the cautions and warnings required for safety.
How To Use This Manual This manual is divided into sections, which represent major components and systems. Some sections are further divided into parts that more fully describe the component. Refer to the Service Manual Outline following Models Covered in this manual for section titles.
Engine Serial Number and Decal Locations Identification The serial numbers are the manufacture's keys to numerous engineering details which apply to you Cummins MerCruiser Diesel power package. When contacting Cummins MerCruiser Diesel (CMD) about service, always specify model and serial numbers.
Serial Number Decal The serial number decal is located on the engine and indicates the engine's CMD serial number, transom serial number, drive serial number, and the fill cap color codes for engine fluids.
25986
Serial number decal
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General Information
Engine Data Plate Location The engine data plate is on the front of the engine. The data plate lists important identification and emissions certification information.
28074
Location of QSD 2.0 engine data plate
Engine Data Plate A tamper‑resistant engine data plate is affixed to the engine at the time of manufacture by Cummins MerCruiser Diesel. It contains important exhaust gas emissions information. Please note that the engine data plate will not affect the fit, function, or performance of the engine and neither boatbuilders nor dealers may remove the engine data plate or the engine component it is affixed to before sale. If modifications are necessary or the engine data plate is damaged contact Cummins MerCruiser Diesel about the availability of a replacement. The owner or operator is not to modify the engine in any manner that would alter the horsepower or allow exhaust gas emission levels to exceed their predetermined factory specifications.
a
c
b
d e f g h j
i abcdef-
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Typical engine data plate Engine serial number Cummins MerCruiser Diesel model information Emissions certification information Fuel rate Rated operation engine speed Governed engine speed
k ghijk-
25401
Minimum idle speed Engine power rating Engine weight Emissions data Manufacturer model number, IMO type, liters per cylinder
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General Information
Emissions Information EXHAUST GAS EMISSIONS CERTIFICATE A tamper‑resistant exhaust gas emission label is affixed to the engine's integrated exhaust manifold and expansion tank assembly at the time of manufacture by Cummins MerCruiser Diesel. Please note that the exhaust gas emissions certification will not affect the fit, function, or performance of the engine. Neither boatbuilders nor dealers may remove the exhaust gas emission label or the part it is affixed to before sale. If modifications require the removal or cause damage to the exhaust gas emission label, contact Cummins MerCruiser Diesel about the availability of a replacement before proceeding.
IN THE UNITED STATES, THIS ENGINE IS CATEGORIZED AS A RECREATIONAL ENGINE UNDER 40 CFR PART 94.
INSTALLATION OF THIS ENGINE IN ANY NON-RECREATIONAL VESSEL IS A VIOLATION OF FEDERAL LAW SUBJECT TO PENALTY
4937335 25387
Exhaust gas emission label
OWNER RESPONSIBILITY Neither the owner nor operator is to modify the engine in any manner that would alter the horsepower or allow exhaust gas emission levels to exceed their predetermined factory specifications.
Operation—Duty Cycle Duty Cycle Rating IMPORTANT: Damage caused by improper application or failure to operate the power package within the specified operating parameters will not be covered by the Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Limited Warranty. The boat manufacturer or the installing dealer is responsible for ensuring that the power package is applied in accordance with recommendations indicated in the appropriate Cummins MerCruiser Diesel applications manual. In all cases, the power package must be equipped with a gear ratio and propeller that allows the engine to operate at wide open throttle (WOT) at the rated engine RPM. The power package must also be applied Use of Cummins MerCruiser Diesel engines in applications other than those indicated by the following information or the appropriate application manual is not approved.
High Output Rating High Output Rating applies to variable load applications where full power is limited to one (1) hour out of every eight (8) hours of operation. Reduced load operation occurs when engine RPM is at least 200 RPM below the engine's maximum rated RPM for applications rated at or below 3000 RPM and at least 400 RPM below the engine's maximum rated RPM for applications rated above 3000 RPM. This rating is for pleasure (non‑revenue generating) applications that operate 500 hours or less per year. Page 1A-4
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General Information
Engine Break‑In 20‑Hour Break‑In Period IMPORTANT: The first 20 hours of operation are a break‑in period for the engine. Correct break‑in is essential to obtain minimum oil consumption and maximum engine performance. During this break‑in period, observe the following rules: • Do not operate below 1500 RPM for extended periods of time during the first 10 hours. Advance the throttle above 1500 RPM as soon as conditions permit safe operation. • Do not consistently operate at one speed for extended periods. • Do not exceed 3/4 throttle during the first 10 hours, during the next 10 hours do not operate at full throttle for more than five minutes at a time. • Do not accelerate at full‑throttle from idle speed. • Do not operate at full throttle until the engine reaches normal operating temperature. • High oil consumption is normal during the break‑in period. Frequently check the engine oil level.
After the 20‑Hour Break‑In Period To help extend the life of your power package, Cummins MerCruiser Diesel recommends: • Changing the engine oil and filter, and the transmission fluid on inboard models, at the interval indicated in the Maintenance Schedule. • •
Using a propeller that allows the engine to operate at the rated engine RPM when at full throttle with a maximum boat load. Operating at 3/4 throttle or lower. See the duty cycle information listed in Section 1A: Operation—Duty Cycle.
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General Information
Notes:
Page 1A-6
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Maintenance
Important Information
1
B
Section 1B - Maintenance
Table of Contents Maintenance Tools...........................................1B-4 Engine Specifications.......................................1B-3 Capacities........................................................1B-5 Fluid Specifications...................................1B-5 Engine.......................................................1B-5 Alpha Sterndrive Fluid Specifications.......1B-5 Bravo Serial Numbers Below 0W240000 ..................................................................1B-5 Bravo Serial Numbers Above 0W240000 ..................................................................1B-5 Power‑Assisted Steering and Power Trim Fluids........................................................1B-5 TM345 Transmission................................1B-6 Maintenance Intervals......................................1B-6 Maintenance Schedule—Sterndrive Models .........................................................................1B-6 Routine Maintenance................................1B-6 Scheduled Maintenance...........................1B-7 Maintenance Schedule—Inboard Models........1B-8 Routine Maintenance................................1B-8 Scheduled Maintenance...........................1B-8 QSD 2.0 External Engine Views....................1B-10 Front View...............................................1B-10 Starboard Side View...............................1B-11 Rear View...............................................1B-12 Port Side View........................................1B-13 Top View.................................................1B-14 Engine Oil......................................................1B-15 Specifications..........................................1B-15 Oil Level—Overfilled...............................1B-16 Checking.................................................1B-16 Filling......................................................1B-17 Changing Oil and Filter...........................1B-18 Technodrive Transmission Fluid....................1B-21 Checking.................................................1B-21 Filling......................................................1B-22 Changing................................................1B-22 Power‑Assisted Steering Fluid.......................1B-23 Checking.................................................1B-23 Filling......................................................1B-24 Changing................................................1B-24 Closed‑Cooling System.................................1B-25 Engine Coolant.......................................1B-25 Checking.................................................1B-25 Filling......................................................1B-26 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Changing................................................1B-26 Draining the Closed Cooling System......1B-26 Filling the Closed Cooling System..........1B-28 Battery............................................................1B-29 Fuel System...................................................1B-30 Fuel Requirements.................................1B-30 Recommended Fuels..............................1B-30 Diesel Fuel In Cold Weather...................1B-31 Priming....................................................1B-31 Filling (Bleeding).....................................1B-31 Fuel Tank Cleaning and Flushing...........1B-31 Water‑Separating Fuel Filter..........................1B-32 Draining..................................................1B-32 Replacing................................................1B-33 Filling......................................................1B-36 Air Filter..........................................................1B-38 Removal..................................................1B-38 Inspection...............................................1B-38 Installation...............................................1B-38 Seawater Pump Inspection............................1B-39 Alpha Sterndrive Block‑off Plate.............1B-39 Sterndrive Seawater Pump Inspection. . .1B-40 Engine Seawater Pump Inspection.........1B-40 Seawater System...........................................1B-40 Alpha Sterndrive Block‑off Plate.............1B-40 Bravo Sterndrive Block‑off Plate.............1B-40 Draining the Seawater System...............1B-40 Alpha Sterndrive Water Inlets Check......1B-42 Bravo Sterndrive Water Inlets Check......1B-43 Checking the Seawater Pickups.............1B-44 Cleaning the Seawater Strainer..............1B-44 Flushing the Seawater System—Alpha Models....................................................1B-46 Flushing the Seawater System—Bravo Models....................................................1B-48 Corrosion Protection–General........................1B-50 Engine Corrosion Protection Components ................................................................1B-50 Sterndrive Corrosion Protection Components ................................................................1B-53 MerCathode............................................1B-55 Painting Your Power Package................1B-55 Corrosion Protection, Alpha Sterndrive..........1B-56 General Information................................1B-56 Page 1B-1
Maintenance
Alpha Sterndrive Continuity Circuit Inspection .................................................................1B-56 Corrosion Protection, Bravo Sterndrive...........1B-56 General Information.................................1B-56 Continuity Circuit—Bravo Sterndrive.......1B-57 Lubrication.......................................................1B-60 Steering System.......................................1B-60 Throttle Cable..........................................1B-61 Shift Cable...............................................1B-62 Transom Assembly..................................1B-62 Engine Coupler........................................1B-62 Sterndrive U‑joint Cross Bearings and Shaft Splines (Sterndrive Unit Removed)..........1B-63 Propeller Shaft.........................................1B-64 Maintaining Torques........................................1B-64 Transom Gimbal Ring Clamp Bolt...........1B-64 Engine Mounts.........................................1B-65 Electrical System.............................................1B-65 QSD 2.0 Drive Belts........................................1B-65 Power Assisted Steering Pump Belt–Sterndrive Only.................................................................1B-66
Page 1B-2
Inspection.................................................1B-66 Driveshaft Extension Models...................1B-67 Adjustment...............................................1B-67 Removal...................................................1B-68 Installation................................................1B-68 Serpentine Belt................................................1B-70 Inspection.................................................1B-70 Adjustment...............................................1B-71 Removal...................................................1B-71 Installation................................................1B-72 Cold Weather (Freezing Temperature), Seasonal Storage, and Extended Storage......................1B-74 Cold Weather (Freezing Temperature) Storage .................................................................1B-75 Preparing Your Power Package for Seasonal or Extended Storage....................................1B-75 Seasonal Storage Instructions.................1B-76 Extended Storage Instructions.................1B-77 Battery......................................................1B-77 Recommissioning.....................................1B-78
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Maintenance
Engine Specifications Specifications
Description
QSD 2.0
Engine type
In‑line 4‑cylinder diesel
Induction Type
Turbocharged and aftercooled 16‑Valve
Displacement
2.0 L (122 c.i.d.)
Firing order
1, 3, 4, 2
Bore
83 mm (3.700 in.)
Stroke
92 mm (3.622 in.)
Rated engine RPM (see Conditions Affecting Operation— Refer to CMD's Marine Performance Curves Propeller Selection for additional information). And Data Sheet (www.cmdmarine.com) Idle RPM in neutral (engine at normal operating temperature).
700 RPM
Oil pressure at idle
240kPa, (2.4 bar), (35 psi)
Oil pressure at 4000 RPM
660kPa, (6.6 bar), (95 psi)
Thermostats (water)
83° C (181° F)
Thermostats (oil)
95° C (203° F)
Coolant temperature
80–85° C (176–185° F)
Electrical system
12‑volt negative (–) ground
Alternator rating
14#, 110 A
Recommended battery rating
750 CCA, 950 MCA, or 180 Ah
Lubricant, Sealant, Adhesives Tube Ref No.
Description Cleaning solvent
28
Dexron III Automatic Transmission Fluid
34
Special Lubricant 101
42
80
91
Part No. Obtain Locally
Power-assisted steering system
Obtain Locally
Steering cable grease fitting Steering cable Gimbal bearing grease insert U-joint and Gimbal Transom end grease fitting, engine end grease fitting, Bearing Grease driveshaft grease fittings Transmission filter element O-ring Water-separating fuel filter sealing ring SAE engine oil 30W Throttle cable pivot points and guide contact surfaces Shift cable pivot points and guide contact surfaces Coupler Engine Coupler Spline Grease Driveshaft splines
114
Power Trim and Steering Fluid
121
15W40 4-cycle Diesel Engine Oil
123
Marine Engine Coolant (Only available in Europe)
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Where Used Transmission filter element Closed cooling system Gray sterndrive U-joint cross bearings on Bravo X Sterndrive units
92-802865Q02 92-802870A1
Obtain Locally
92-802869A 1
Power-assisted steering pump
92-858074K01
Engine crankcase Oil filter O-rings
92-858042K01
Closed cooling system
92-813054A2
Page 1B-3
Maintenance
Special Tools Flushing Device
91‑44357Q 2
Attaches to the water intakes; provides a fresh water connection when flushing the cooling system or operating the engine.
9192
Dual Water Pick‑up Flush Gearcase Seal Kit
91‑881150K 1
Blocks off the front water inlet holes on the dual water inlet gearcases. 9194
Crankcase oil pump
91‑90265A 5
Aids in the removal of engine oil without draining the crankcase.
11591
Reference Electrode
91‑76675T 1
Senses and electrical current in the water when testing the MerCathode system. Use to check hull potential. 9188
Maintenance Tools Part Number
Description Water supply hose adapter (to Water Inlet Fitting)
Obtain Locally
Hand‑operated grease gun
Page 1B-4
Flushing Device
91‑44357Q 2
Dual Water Pick‑up Flush Gearcase Seal Kit
91‑881150K 1
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Maintenance
Capacities Fluid Specifications IMPORTANT: All capacities are approximate fluid measures.
Engine IMPORTANT: If necessary, adjust fluid levels depending on installation angle, heat exchanger, and fluid lines used. Always check the proper indicator to determine the exact quantity of oil or fluid required.
QSD 2.0 All Models Engine oil (with filter)
Closed cooling system
System Capacity
Fluid Type
Part Number
6.00 L (6.30 US qt.)
15W40 4‑cycle Diesel Engine Oil
92‑877695K1
Marine Engine Coolant (Only available in Europe)
92‑813054A2
Fleetguard Compleat with DCA4 Fleetguard Part Number: CC2825 Container size: 3.75 liter (1.00 gal.)
Obtain locally
7.50 L (8.00 US qt.)
Alpha Sterndrive Fluid Specifications NOTE: Oil capacity includes gear lube monitor. Model
Capacity
Fluid Type
Alpha One
1892 ml (64 oz)
High Performance Gear Lubricant
Bravo Serial Numbers Below 0W240000 NOTE: Oil capacity includes gear lube monitor. Models
Capacity
Bravo One
2602 ml (88 fl oz)
Bravo Two
3076 ml (104 fl oz)
Bravo Three
2839 ml (96 fl oz)
Fluid Type High performance gear lubricant
Bravo Serial Numbers Above 0W240000 NOTE: Oil capacity includes gear lube monitor. Models
Capacity
Bravo One
2736 ml (92.5 fl oz)
Bravo Two
3209 ml (108.5 fl oz)
Bravo Three
Side water pick‑up
2972 ml (100.5 fl oz)
Dual water pick‑up
2736 ml (92.5 oz)
Fluid Type High performance gear lubricant
Power‑Assisted Steering and Power Trim Fluids APPROVED POWER-ASSISTED STEERING FLUIDS Description Power Trim and Steering Fluid
Part Number 92‑858074K01
APPROVED POWER TRIM FLUIDS Description Power Trim and Steering Fluid
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Part Number 92‑858074K01
Page 1B-5
Maintenance Description
Part Number
SAE Engine Oil 10W‑30
Obtain locally
SAE Engine Oil 10W‑40
TM345 Transmission NOTE: Capacities are for the transmission only and do not include the fluid cooler or fluid cooler hose capacities. Model
Capacity
Technodrive TM345
Fluid type
1.6 liters (2.7 qt.)
Class CD SAE 20 or Class CD SAE 30 engine oil
Part Number Obtain Locally
Maintenance Intervals NOTE: Refer to appropriate Mercury MerCruiser Sterndrive Service Manual for information and procedures on Sterndrive Maintenance.
! WARNING Performing service or maintenance without first disconnecting the battery can cause product damage, personal injury, or death due to fire, explosion, electrical shock, or unexpected engine starting. Always disconnect the battery cables from the battery before maintaining, servicing, installing, or removing engine or drive components. Maintenance intervals and the corresponding tasks, as shown in this schedule or found in a previous schedule, are based on an average boating application and environment. However, factors such as individual operating habits and personal maintenance preferences can impact the suggested intervals. In consideration of these factors, Cummins MerCruiser Diesel has adjusted some maintenance intervals and corresponding tasks. In some cases, more tasks are scheduled to be performed in a single visit to the servicing facility. Therefore, the boat owner and servicing dealer should discuss the current Maintenance Schedule and develop appropriate maintenance intervals to coincide with individual operating habits, operating environments, and maintenance requirements. Always disconnect battery cables from the battery before working around electrical system components to prevent injury to yourself and damage to the electrical system should a wire be accidentally shorted.
Maintenance Schedule—Sterndrive Models Routine Maintenance NOTE: Perform only the maintenance tasks that apply to your particular power package. Task Interval
Each day start
Each day end
Page 1B-6
Maintenance to Be Performed •
Check the engine oil level. (You may extend this interval based on operator experience with the product.)
•
Check the engine coolant level.
•
Check the power‑assisted steering fluid level.
•
Check the sterndrive gear lube level in the gear lube monitor.
•
If operating in saltwater, brackish water, or polluted water, flush the seawater section of the cooling system after each use.
•
Drain any water from the primary fuel filter after each use. (Drain all water from both fuel filters if operating in freezing temperatures.)
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Maintenance Task Interval
Weekly
Every two months
Maintenance to Be Performed •
Drain any water from the fuel filters.
•
Check the trim pump fluid level.
•
Check the seawater inlets for debris or marine growth.
•
Check and clean the seawater strainer.
•
Inspect the sterndrive anodes and replace if eroded 50% or more.
•
Check the battery connections and fluid level.
•
Lubricate the propeller shaft and torque the propeller nut (If operating only in freshwater, you may extend this maintenance to every four months).
•
Treat the engine surfaces with Corrosion Guard if operating in saltwater, brackish water, or polluted waters.
•
Inspect the air filter. (Every two months or every 50 hours, whichever occurs first.)
•
Inspect the engine anodes and replace if eroded 50% or more.
•
Ensure that the gauges and the wiring connections are secure and clean the gauges. (Every two months or every 50 hours, whichever occurs first. If operating in saltwater, reduce the interval to every 25 hours or 30 days, whichever occurs first.)
Scheduled Maintenance NOTE: Perform only the maintenance tasks that apply to your particular power package. Task Interval
Maintenance to Be Performed
After the first 25 hours but before 30 hours
•
Change the engine oil and filter.
Annually
•
Touch up the power package with paint and spray with Corrosion Guard.
•
Change the engine oil and filter.
•
Change the sterndrive gear lube.
•
Torque the gimbal ring U‑bolt locknuts.
•
Replace the fuel filters.
•
Check the steering system and the remote control for loose, missing, or damaged parts. Lubricate the cables and linkages.
•
Inspect and lubricate the sterndrive U‑joint splines. Inspect the bellows, the exhaust tube, and check the clamps.
•
Lubricate the gimbal bearing and engine coupler (Lubricate the engine coupler every 50 hours if operated at idle for prolonged periods of time).
•
Check the continuity circuit for loose or damaged connections. If equipped with MerCathode, test the unit output.
•
Check the engine alignment.
•
Torque the engine mounts.
•
Check the electrical system for loose, damaged, or corroded fasteners.
•
On driveshaft extension models, lubricate the drive shaft U‑joints, transom end (tailstock) bearings, and engine end (output) bearings.
•
Inspect the condition and tension of the belts.
•
Inspect the cooling system and the exhaust system for damage or leaks. Check the hose clamps for tightness.
•
Disassemble and inspect the seawater pump and replace worn components.
•
Clean the seawater section of the closed cooling system. Clean, inspect, and test the pressure cap. Check the anodes and replace if eroded 50% or more.
•
Replace the air filter.
•
Replace the engine coolant.
Every 100 hours or annually (whichever occurs first)
Every 2 years
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Page 1B-7
Maintenance Task Interval
Maintenance to Be Performed
Every 300 hours or 3 years • (whichever occurs first)
Disassemble and inspect the Alpha drive seawater pump. Replace any worn components. (Alpha Sterndrives only)
Every 500 hours or 5 years • (whichever occurs first)
Clean the aftercooler core.
Every 700 Hours or 3 years • (Whichever Occurs First)
Replace the power assisted steering pump drive belt.
Every 1000 Hours or 4 years (Whichever Occurs First)
•
Replace the engine timing belt.
Every 1000 hours or 5 years (whichever occurs first)
•
Clean the fuel tank.
Maintenance Schedule—Inboard Models Routine Maintenance NOTE: Perform only the maintenance tasks that apply to your particular power package. Each day start
Each day end
Weekly
•
Check the engine oil level. (This interval can be extended based on operator experience with the product.)
•
Check the engine coolant level.
•
Check the transmission oil level.
•
If operating in saltwater, brackish water, or polluted water, flush the seawater section of the cooling system after each use.
•
Drain any water from the primary fuel filter after each use. (Drain any water from both fuel filters if operating in freezing temperatures.)
•
Drain any water from the fuel filters.
•
Check the seawater inlets for debris or marine growth.
•
Check and clean the seawater strainer.
•
Check the battery connections and fluid level.
•
Treat the engine surfaces with Corrosion Guard if operating in saltwater, brackish water, or polluted waters.
•
Inspect the air filter. (Inspect every two months or every 50 hours, whichever occurs first.)
•
Inspect the engine anodes and replace if eroded by 50% or more.
•
Ensure that the gauges and all wiring connections are secure.
•
Clean the gauges. (If operating in saltwater reduce the interval to every 25 hours or 30 days, whichever occurs first.)
Every Two Months
Scheduled Maintenance NOTE: Perform only the maintenance tasks that apply to your particular power package.
Page 1B-8
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance After first 25 hours and not to exceed 30 hours
•
Change the engine oil and filter.
After first 50 hours
•
Clean the transmission oil filter and change the transmission oil.
•
Touch up the power package with paint and spray with Corrosion Guard.
•
Clean the transmission oil filter and change the transmission oil.
•
Change the engine oil and filter.
•
Replace the fuel filters.
•
Check the steering system and the remote control for loose, missing, or damaged parts. Lubricate the cables and linkages.
•
Check the engine alignment.
•
Torque the engine mounts.
•
Check the electrical system for loose, damaged, or corroded terminals.
•
Inspect the condition and tension of the engine accessory drive belts.
•
Inspect the cooling system and the exhaust system for damage or leaks. Check both systems hose clamps for tightness.
•
Disassemble and inspect the engine seawater pump and replace worn components.
•
Clean the seawater section of the closed cooling system. Clean, inspect, and test the pressure cap. Check the anodes and replace if eroded by 50% or more.
•
Replace the air filter.
•
Clean the transmission oil filter and change the transmission oil.
Every 2 years
•
Replace the engine coolant.
Every 500 hours or 5 years (whichever occurs first)
•
Clean the aftercooler core.
Every 1000 Hours or 4 years (whichever occurs first)
•
Replace the engine timing belt.
Every 1000 hours or 5 years (whichever occurs first)
•
Clean the fuel tank.
According to OEM Schedule
•
Check the engine to propeller shaft alignment.
Annually
Every 100 hours or annually (whichever occurs first)
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-9
Maintenance
QSD 2.0 External Engine Views Front View g
h
i
f
j k
e l
d c
m
b a
o
n 30045
a - Power‑assisted steering pump (sterndrive only) b - High pressure hose c - Return hose d - Oil pressure and temperature sensor e - Oil filter housing f - Power‑assisted steering fluid reservoir (sterndrive only) g - Remote oil drain (reference only) h - Engine data plate
Page 1B-10
i - Engine cover j - Alternator k - Idler pulleys l - Serpentine belt m -Injection pump pulley n - Tensioner pulley o - Crankcase pulley
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Starboard Side View g
h
i
j
k l
f
e m
d
n
c
o b abcdefgh-
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
a
Engine cover removed Remote oil drain hose connection Crankshaft position sensor Engine seawater outlet Seawater hose Exhaust elbow Turbocharger heat shield Seawater to exhaust elbow outlet Heat exchanger and exhaust manifold assembly
30048
i - Gear lube reservoir (sterndrive only) j - Shift plate k - Coolant cap l - Engine cover stud m -Engine oil cooler (later models) n - Seawater oil cooler (early models) o - Engine mount, front
Page 1B-11
Maintenance
Rear View i
h
j
g
k l f
m
e
n
d c b abcdefg-
Page 1B-12
a
Engine cover removed Coupler (sterndrive) or driven plate (inboard) Flywheel housing Oil separator drain hose Rear engine mount (sterndrive engines only) Fluid cooler Air intake pipe Oil separator
30050
h - Air filter i - Turbocharger j - Exhaust elbow k - Seawater return hose l - Turbocharger heat shield m -Expansion tank and exhaust manifold assembly n - Heat exchanger
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Port Side View g
f
h e
i
d
j
c k b
a abcdefg-
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
m
l
Engine cover removed Engine mount Seawater inlet Seawater pump Fuel cooler (early models) Injection pump ECM 94‑pin connector "K" ECM 60‑pin connector "A"
30049
h - Aftercooler sacrificial anode i - Engine Control Module (ECM) j - Throttle position sensor (TPS) k - DLC port l - Water‑separating fuel filter m -Water in fuel sensor (WIF)
Page 1B-13
Maintenance
Top View f e g
d c
h
b
a
30105
With cover a - Oil filter housing b - Power‑assisted steering fluid reservoir (sterndrive models) c - Gear lube monitor (sterndrive models) d - Coolant cap
Page 1B-14
efgh-
Seawater outlet hose Exhaust elbow Engine cover Access panel
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
c d
b
e a f
30106
Cover removed a - Remote oil drain hose b - Fuel Injectors (4) c - Fuel rail
d - Oil fill cap e - Oil dipstick f - Fuse panel
Engine Oil Specifications To help obtain optimum engine performance and to provide maximum protection, the engine requires engine oil with a rating of HD‑SAE‑API CG‑4 and CH‑4. We strongly recommend the use of the following oil that is a specially blended 15W‑40 oil with Marine Additives, for all temperature operation. This oil exceeds requirements for API CH‑4, CF‑4, CG‑4 and CF‑2 oils. Tube Ref No. 121
Description 15W40 4-cycle Diesel Engine Oil
Where Used
Part No.
Engine crankcase
92-858042K01
Other recommended oils are listed in the following table. These oils are approved by Cummins MerCruiser Diesel and Marine Power Europe. Shell Myrina
Texaco Ursa Super TD
Veedol Turbostar
Mopar
Wintershall Multi‑Rekord
Wintershall Viva 1
For all‑temperature operation use 15W‑40 oil.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-15
Maintenance
Oil Level—Overfilled
NOTICE Discharge of oil, coolant, or other engine/drive fluids into the environment is restricted by law. Use caution not to spill oil, coolant, or other fluids into the environment when using or servicing your boat. Be aware of the local restrictions governing the disposal or recycling of waste, and contain and dispose of fluids as required. An overfilled engine crankcase or block can cause a fluctuation or drop in oil pressure. The overfull condition results in the engine crankshaft splashing and agitating the oil, causing it to become aerated. The aerated oil causes a loss of engine performance and an increase in crankcase back pressure. An extreme overfill condition could result in large amounts of oil being drawn into the intake. Checking engine oil level must be done carefully. The oil level must be maintained between the minimum and the maximum oil level mark on the dipstick. To ensure that you are not getting a false reading, observe the following before checking the oil level. • If the boat is in the water, ensure that the boat is at rest. • If the boat is on a trailer, raise or lower the bow until the boat is sitting as it does at rest in the water. • Allow five minutes for the oil to drain into the oil pan if the engine has just been operated or oil has just been added.
Checking IMPORTANT: Engine crankcase oil must be checked at intervals specified in Maintenance Schedules. It is normal for an engine to use a certain amount of oil in the process of lubricating and cooling the engine. The amount of oil consumed depends greatly upon engine speed, with consumption being highest at wide open throttle and decreasing substantially as engine speed is reduced.
NOTICE With the engine running, the crankshaft journals or rod journals may strike and break the dipstick, resulting in damage to internal engine components. Stop the engine completely before removing or inserting the dipstick. 1. To check the engine oil level during operation, stop the engine and allow five minutes for the oil to drain into the pan.
Page 1B-16
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
2. Remove the dipstick. Wipe clean and reinstall into the dipstick tube.
c b
a 27986
QSD 2.0L engine oil service a - Engine cover with access panel removed b - Engine oil fill cap c - Engine oil dipstick 3. Remove the dipstick and observe the oil level. The oil level must be between the marks on the dipstick. If necessary, add oil. See Filling.
a
b
c 14624
Engine oil level markings a - Dipstick b - Minimum operating level c - Full mark and maximum operating level 4. Install engine oil dipstick
Filling IMPORTANT: Do not overfill the engine with oil.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-17
Maintenance
1. Remove the oil fill cap.
c b
a 27986
QSD 2.0L engine oil service a - Engine cover with access panel c - Engine oil dipstick removed b - Engine oil fill cap 2. Add the specified oil to bring the oil level up to, but not over, the maximum mark on the dipstick. QSD 2.0L Engine oil (with filter)
Capacity Liters (U.S. qts)
Fluid Type
6.0 liter (6.3 U.S. qts)
4‑Cycle 15W40 marine engine oil
IMPORTANT: When refilling the engine with oil always use the dipstick to confirm the oil level. 3. Install the oil fill cap.
Changing Oil and Filter See the Maintenance Schedule for the change interval. You should change the engine oil before placing the boat in storage. IMPORTANT: Change the engine oil when the engine is warm from operation. Warm oil flows more freely, carrying away more impurities. Use only recommended engine oil. See Specifications. 1. Start the engine and allow it to warm up to normal operating temperature. 2. Stop the engine and allow some time for the oil to drain into the oil pan (approximately five minutes). 3. Remove the fitting from the end of crankcase oil drain hose.
Page 1B-18
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
4. Install the crankcase oil pump (order separately) onto the threaded fitting of the oil dipstick tube.
a
b
c 25740
Engine oil removal (Engine cover removed to provide access) a - Engine oil drain hose b - Engine oil cap c - Crankcase oil pump Crankcase oil pump
91‑90265A 5
5. Pump the oil out of the crankcase into the drain pan. 6. Contain and dispose of the oil or oil waste as directed by local authorities. 7. Remove the crankcase oil pump and install the crankcase oil drain hose fitting when the crankcase is empty. Tighten securely. 8. Install the oil dipstick. 9. Place a suitable container under the oil filter housing to contain any oil leakage that may occur. Use an appropriate socket to loosen the oil filter cover. 10. Remove the top piece and cartridge type oil filter.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-19
Maintenance
11. Disconnect and discard the old filter element. Discard the old O‑ring from the cover.
b c d
a
33236
2.0 oil filter abcd-
Oil filter housing Cover O‑ring Filter element
12. Install the new O‑ring. Apply lubricant to the O‑ring. Tube Ref No. 121
Description 15W40 4-cycle Diesel Engine Oil
Where Used
Part No.
Oil filter O-rings
92-858042K01
13. Push the filter element into the cover until it is locked. Listen for a click. 14. Install the cover with the new filter element into the oil filter housing. 15. Turn the oil filter cover until the sealing surface contacts the housing. Torque the cover using an appropriate socket. IMPORTANT: Overtightening the cover may cause an oil leak.
b
a
25355
2.0L Oil filter housing location a - Oil filter housing b - Cover
Page 1B-20
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance Description
Nm
lb‑in.
lb‑ft
Engine oil filter housing cover
25.0
—
18.0
16. Remove the oil fill cap and refill the engine with new oil. See Filling. IMPORTANT: When refilling the engine with oil, always use the dipstick to determine how much oil is required. 17. Start the engine and check for leaks.
Technodrive Transmission Fluid Checking 1. Remove the dipstick. 2. Perform a preliminary check the oil level as indicated on the dipstick with the dipstick fully inserted into the dipstick receptacle.
NOTE: The oil level may be somewhat over the maximum mark, as some of the oil from the transmission oil cooler and hoses may have drained back into the transmission. 3. If the oil level is below the minimum mark on the dipstick, add transmission oil. See Filling.
c
b a 27922
a - Minimum oil level mark b - Maximum oil level mark c - Dipstick 4. Clean and install the dipstick. IMPORTANT: To ensure an accurate indication of the oil level, operate the engine at 1500 RPM for 2 minutes immediately before checking the oil level. 5. Start the engine and operate at 1500 RPM for 2 minutes to reach operating temperature and fill all of the transmission's hydraulic circuits. 6. Stop the engine and quickly check the oil level with the dipstick. 7. If the oil level is low, add transmission oil to bring the level up to the maximum mark on the dipstick. See Filling.
NOTE: If the transmission oil level was extremely low, see your local Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility. 8. Clean and install the dipstick.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-21
Maintenance
Filling 1. If necessary, add the specified transmission oil through the dipstick receptacle to bring the level up to the maximum mark on the dipstick.
c
b a 27922
a - Minimum oil level mark b - Maximum oil level mark c - Dipstick
NOTE: Always use the dipstick to determine the quantity of oil required. Model
Capacity
oil type
Part Number
Technodrive 345A
1.6 liters (2.7 US qt)
API Class CD SAE 20 or API Class CD SAE 30 engine oil
Obtain locally
2. Clean and install the dipstick. 3. Check the oil level. See Checking.
Changing 1. Remove the dipstick. 2. Remove the transmission oil drain plug and drain the transmission into a suitable container.
27977
Transmission drain plug 3. Contain and dispose of the oil and oil waste according to applicable regulations. 4. Reinstall the transmission oil drain plug. Page 1B-22
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
5. Torque the drain plug. Description
Nm
lb‑ft
Transmission oil drain plug
17
12.5
6. Clean the exterior of the transmission around the oil filter assembly. 7. Loosen the retaining nut.
27978
Transmission oil filter retaining nut 8. Remove the filter element. 9. Clean the oil filter element using the cleaning solvent. Tube Ref No.
Description Cleaning solvent
Where Used
Part No.
Transmission filter element
Obtain Locally
Where Used
Part No.
Transmission filter element Oring
Obtain Locally
10. Lubricate the oil filter O‑rings. Tube Ref No. 80
Description SAE engine oil 30W
11. Reinstall the filter element.
NOTICE Improper installation of the transmission fluid filter assembly may cause the fluid to foam or leak out, resulting in decreased efficiency and damage to the transmission. Properly seat the transmission fluid filter during installation. 12. Tighten the retaining nut. 13. Fill the transmission to the proper level with the specified oil. See Filling.
Power‑Assisted Steering Fluid IMPORTANT: Use only Quicksilver Power Trim and Steering Fluid or Dexron III automatic transmission fluid (ATF) in the power‑assisted steering system. IMPORTANT: Running the pump dry will damage the pump. Always check steering fluid levels before operating the boat.
Checking 1. Center the sterndrive and stop the engine. 2. Remove the fill cap and dipstick from the fluid reservoir and observe the level. 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-23
Maintenance
a. b.
The proper fluid level with the engine cold should be between the full cold mark and the end of the dipstick. With the engine at normal operating temperature the fluid level should be between the full hot and full cold marks.
a b c
d
13064
abcd-
Fill cap and dipstick Full hot mark Full cold mark Fluid reservoir
IMPORTANT: If fluid is not visible in the fluid reservoir, determine the cause and correct.
Filling 1. Remove the fill cap and dipstick and observe the fluid level. 2. Add the specified fluid to bring the fluid level up to the proper level. Tube Ref No. 114
Tube Ref No. 28
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Power Trim and Steering Fluid
Power-assisted steering pump
92-858074K01
Where Used
Part No.
Power-assisted steering system
Obtain Locally
Description Dexron III Automatic Transmission Fluid
3. Install the fill cap and dipstick.
Changing The power‑assisted steering fluid does not require changing as part of regularly scheduled maintenance. If the power‑assisted steering fluid becomes contaminated see Section 9: Power-Assisted Steering System of this manual for fluid changing and system bleeding instructions.
Page 1B-24
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Closed‑Cooling System Engine Coolant ! CAUTION A sudden loss of pressure can cause hot coolant to boil and discharge violently resulting in serious injury from burns. Allow the engine to cool down before removing the coolant pressure cap.
Checking IMPORTANT: Check the engine coolant before starting the engine. 1. Allow the engine to cool. 2. Remove the pressure cap from the coolant expansion tank. 3. The coolant level in the coolant expansion tank should be within 25 mm (1 in.) of the top of the fill neck.
b c
a
25356
Location of engine coolant cap (engine cover removed) a - Pressure cap c - Bottom of fill neck b - Coolant expansion tank 4. If the coolant level is low: a. Inspect the coolant recovery system for leaks. b. Inspect the gasket in the pressure cap for damage and replace if necessary.
a
14142
a - Gasket
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-25
Maintenance
c.
d.
The pressure cap maintains pressure on the cooling system and may not be holding pressure properly. To have the cap tested, contact your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility. Add the specified coolant as necessary. See Filling.
IMPORTANT: When installing the pressure cap, be sure to tighten it securely to prevent coolant loss. 5. If the coolant level is correct, install the pressure cap and tighten securely. 6. Recheck the coolant level after the first WOT boat test and add coolant, if necessary.
Filling 1. Allow the engine to cool. 2. Remove the pressure cap from the coolant expansion tank. 3. If the coolant is low in the coolant expansion tank, add the specified coolant as necessary to bring the level to within 25 mm (1 in.) of the bottom of the fill neck.
b c
a
25356
Engine coolant fill location (engine cover removed) a - Coolant cap c - Bottom of fill neck b - Coolant expansion tank Description
Where Used
92‑813054A2 Europe Only
Marine Engine Coolant Fleetguard Compleat with DCA4
Part Number
Closed cooling system
Fleetguard Part Number: CC2825 Obtain Locally
IMPORTANT: When installing the pressure cap, be sure to tighten it securely to prevent coolant loss. 4. Install the pressure cap. Tighten securely.
Changing Change (replace) the engine coolant at the prescribed interval. See Replacing the Engine Coolant in the Closed Cooling System.
Draining the Closed Cooling System IMPORTANT: Due to the complex nature of this service Cummins MerCruiser Diesel strongly recommends that this service be performed by a Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility.
Page 1B-26
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
NOTICE Discharge of oil, coolant, or other engine/drive fluids into the environment is restricted by law. Use caution not to spill oil, coolant, or other fluids into the environment when using or servicing your boat. Be aware of the local restrictions governing the disposal or recycling of waste, and contain and dispose of fluids as required.
NOTE: For instructions on draining the seawater section, see Draining the Seawater System in this section. IMPORTANT: Observe the following points. • Ensure that the engine is as level as possible to promote complete draining of the cooling system. • The closed cooling section must be filled year‑round with the required coolant. If the engine will be exposed to freezing temperatures, ensure that the closed cooling section is filled with a solution of low silicate ethylene glycol antifreeze and deionized, purified water properly mixed to protect the engine to the lowest temperature to which it will be exposed. • Do not use propylene glycol antifreeze in the closed cooling section of the engine.
! CAUTION A sudden loss of pressure can cause hot coolant to boil and discharge violently resulting in serious injury from burns. Allow the engine to cool down before removing the coolant pressure cap. 1. Allow the engine to cool. 2. Remove the pressure cap from the expansion tank and coolant reservoir. 3. Remove the fuel filter for access to the engine coolant drain plug. See Water– Separating Fuel Filter. 4. Move the fuel lines so they do not obstruct access to the engine coolant drain plug. f e
d
c b
Port side of engine a - Throttle cable bracket b - 14–pin electrical connector c - Water–separating fuel filter
a
25571
d - Fuel cooler with fuel lines moved to provide access (early models only) e - General location of engine coolant drain plug f - Engine control module
5. Remove the engine coolant drain plug and drain the coolant into a suitable container.
NOTE: Allow the engine coolant system to drain completely.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-27
Maintenance
NOTE: Dispose of old coolant properly.
a
25768
Port side of block with water–separating fuel filter removed for access a - Engine coolant drain plug 6. Ensure that the coolant has drained completely. 7. If required, clean the closed cooling system. See your local Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility. 8. Install and tighten the engine coolant drain plug. 9. Reinstall the water–separating fuel filter. See Water–Separating Fuel Filter, Replacing. 10. Fill the system with the specified coolant. See Filling the Closed Cooling System.
Filling the Closed Cooling System 1. Remove the pressure cap.
b
a c
25356
QSD 2.0L (engine cover removed) a - Pressure cap b - Coolant expansion tank c - Coolant fill neck IMPORTANT: Use only the specified coolant. 2. If the coolant is being replaced or the level is low, slowly add the specified coolant to the level indicated in the table. Page 1B-28
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance Coolant level in expansion tank QSD 2.0L Tube Ref No. 123
Within 25 mm (1 in.) of the top of the filler neck Description
Where Used
Part No.
Marine Engine Coolant (Only available in Europe)
Closed cooling system
92-813054A2
Fleetguard Compleat with DCA4, Fleetguard Part Number CC2825
Closed cooling system
Obtain Locally
NOTICE Without sufficient cooling water, the engine, the water pump, and other components will overheat and suffer damage. Provide a sufficient supply of water to the water inlets during operation. 3. If the boat is out of the water, both the engine and sterndrive must be supplied with cooling water. See theFlushing the Seawater System section of this manual. 4. Do not install the pressure cap. Start and operate the engine at fast idle speed between 600 and 1400 RPM. Add coolant as necessary to maintain the coolant at the level specified previously. IMPORTANT: When installing the pressure cap, be sure to tighten it securely to avoid coolant loss. 5. Install the pressure cap after the engine has reached normal operating temperature (with the thermostat fully open) and the coolant level remains constant. 6. Test the engine operation. Observe the temperature gauge and check the engine for coolant leaks. If the temperature gauge indicates the presence of excessive temperature or coolant is leaking, stop the engine immediately and inspect for the cause. 7. After the first operation, allow the engine to cool. 8. Remove the pressure cap and add the specified coolant to the level indicated in the table. Coolant level in expansion tank QSD 2.0L
Within 25 mm (1 in.) of the top of the filler neck
9. Install and securely tighten the pressure cap.
Battery NOTE: Refer to the manufacturer's instructions. 1. Ensure that the battery connections are secure. 2. Check the fluid level.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-29
Maintenance
Fuel System Fuel Requirements ! WARNING Failure to comply with regulations can result in injury from fire or explosion. Electrical system components on this engine are not rated as external ignition–protected (EIP). Do not store or use gasoline on boats equipped with these engines, unless provisions have been made to exclude gasoline vapors from the engine compartment (REF: 33 CFR).
! WARNING Fuel leakage is a fire or explosion hazard, which can cause serious injury or death. Periodically inspect all fuel system components for leaks, softening, hardening, swelling, or corrosion, particularly after storage. Any sign of leakage or deterioration requires replacement before further engine operation.
! WARNING This engine requires diesel fuel. Mixing gasoline, gasohol, or alcohol and diesel fuel can cause serious injury or death due to fire or explosion. Never mix gasoline, gasohol, or alcohol with diesel fuel. IMPORTANT: Use of improper or water‑contaminated diesel fuel can seriously damage your engine. Use of improper fuel is considered misuse of the engine, and damage caused thereby will not be covered by the warranty. Grade 2‑D diesel fuel is required, meeting ASTM Standards D975 (or fuel rated Diesel DIN 51601), and having a minimum cetane rating of 45. The cetane number is a measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel. Increasing the cetane number will not improve overall engine performance, but it may be necessary to raise the cetane rating for low‑temperature or high‑altitude use. A lower cetane number could cause hard starting and slower warm‑up, and could increase engine noise and exhaust emissions.
NOTE: If your engine suddenly becomes noisy after a fill‑up, you possibly received substandard fuel with a low cetane rating. Sulphur content of the above fuel is rated at 0.50% by weight, maximum (ASTM). Limits may vary in countries outside of the United States. On engines that use high sulphur content diesel fuel, this will greatly increase: • Corrosion on metal parts. • Deterioration of elastomer and plastic parts. • Excessive wear of internal engine parts, particularly bearings, and corrosion and extensive damage to other engine parts. • Difficulty starting and operating the engine.
Recommended Fuels
NOTICE The use of improper fuel can cause serious damage to the engine. Damage resulting from the use of improper fuel is considered engine misuse and is not covered under the limited warranty. Use only the recommended fuel in the engine.
Page 1B-30
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance Diesel Fuel/Applicable Standard
Recommendation
JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard)
No. 2
DIN (Deutsche Industrie Normen)
DIN 51601
SAE (Society Of Automotive Engineers) Based on SAE J‑313C
No. 2‑D
BS (British Standard) Based on BSEN 590‑1197
A‑1
Diesel Fuel In Cold Weather Unaltered diesel fuels thicken and gel in cold temperatures unless treated. Virtually all diesel fuels are climatized to allow their use in the particular region for that time of the year. If it becomes necessary to further treat diesel fuel, it is the owner/operator's responsibility to add a commercial standard brand of anti‑gel diesel fuel additive, following that product's directions.
Priming Prime the engine if it has not been run for an extended period or if the engine will not start. 1. Move the primer plunger up and down repeatedly.
a 25985
a - Fuel priming pump 2. Attempt to start the engine.
Filling (Bleeding) NOTE: Follow this procedure if the fuel system was run dry or if part of the fuel system was drained for a service function. 1. See Water Separating Fuel Filter - Filling and fill the fuel filter. 2. Check the filter and drain cap for fuel leaks. Ensure that the bleed screw on the fuel filter bracket is closed.
Fuel Tank Cleaning and Flushing IMPORTANT: Diesel fuel should not be left in the tank during winter storage, as an accumulation of rust, sludge, and wax residue will form. Refer to the boat manufacturer's instructions and clean the fuel tank at specified intervals. Unless specified otherwise, flush and clean the diesel fuel tank every 1000 hours or five years, whichever occurs first.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-31
Maintenance
Water‑Separating Fuel Filter ! WARNING Fuel is flammable and explosive. Ensure the key switch is off and the lanyard is positioned so that the engine cannot start. Do not smoke or allow sources of spark or open flame in the area while servicing. Keep the work area well ventilated and avoid prolonged exposure to vapors. Always check for leaks before attempting to start the engine and wipe up any spilled fuel immediately.
NOTICE Water entering the fuel injection system will cause corrosion and rusting of the injectors and other components, disabling the fuel injection system. Check daily for water in the water‑separating fuel filter and have the engine inspected immediately if there is evidence of water in the fuel system. IMPORTANT: Use a suitable container to collect fuel. Clean up any spills immediately and dispose of fuel in a safe manner in accordance with all local, federal, and international regulations. The engine‑mounted water‑separating fuel filter is equipped with a water‑in‑fuel (WIF) sensor that should alert the operator when water is present in the filter. This fuel filter needs to be replaced at specified intervals or whenever water is detected in the fuel, whichever comes first. The operator may be alerted that the WIF sensor has detected water in the fuel, depending upon the boat instrumentation package and if equipped: • A fault code may be displayed on a system viewer. • The audio warning system may sound. See Features and Controls. Drain or replace the remote mounted primary filter (such as a Racor® filter) at specified intervals, or whenever water is detected in the engine‑mounted fuel filter.
Draining The engine‑mounted water‑separating fuel filter can be drained of water and small dirt particles by opening the drain cap on the bottom of the filter.
NOTE: To ensure complete draining in warm weather, drain the filter before starting daily operations. In cold weather, where there is a possibility that the condensed water will freeze, drain the filter shortly after the end of daily operations. NOTE: Place a suitable container under the fuel filter to catch contaminated fuel or water. Dispose of properly. 1. Place a container under the drain cap on the filter.
Page 1B-32
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
2. Open the drain by turning the drain cap counterclockwise (as viewed from the bottom of the filter) until fuel starts draining. Do not remove the drain cap.
b
c a
23318
Typical water‑separating fuel filter a - WIF sensor wire connection, if equipped b - Filter c - Drain cap 3. Drain until the fuel is clear in appearance. 4. Close the drain cap by turning clockwise. Tighten securely. 5. Fill the fuel filter. See Filling.
Replacing ! WARNING Performing service or maintenance without first disconnecting the battery can cause product damage, personal injury, or death due to fire, explosion, electrical shock, or unexpected engine starting. Always disconnect the battery cables from the battery before maintaining, servicing, installing, or removing engine or drive components. IMPORTANT: The element cannot be cleaned and reused. It must be replaced. 1. Disconnect both battery cables from the battery. 2. Disconnect the WIF sensor wires, if equipped.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-33
Maintenance
3. Remove the water‑separating fuel filter and sealing ring from the mounting bracket. Do not use a filter wrench.
a
23459
Typical a - Water‑separating fuel filter
NOTE: It may be necessary to keep the existing drain cap and use it on the new filter. Be sure to replace the O‑ring on the drain cap. 4. Remove the drain cap and O‑ring seal from the bottom of the existing fuel filter. Note the position of the O‑ring seal.
a
b 24566
Typical a - Drain cap
b - O‑ring seal
5. Discard the used filter and O‑ring seal as defined by local authorities.
Page 1B-34
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
6. Install the O‑ring and drain cap on the new water‑separating fuel filter.
a
b 24568
Typical a - Drain cap
b - O‑ring seal
7. Lubricate the fuel filter seals.
a
b 24569
Typical a - Water‑separating fuel filter Tube Ref No. 80
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Description SAE Engine Oil 30W
b - Seals Where Used
Part No.
Water-separating fuel filter sealing ring
Obtain Locally
Page 1B-35
Maintenance
8. Align the filter to the bracket. Twist the filter by hand to secure the filter to the bracket. Do not use a filter wrench.
a
23460
Typical a - Water‑separating fuel filter 9. Ensure that the drain cap is securely tightened. 10. Connect the WIF sensor wires, if equipped. 11. Fill the water‑separating fuel filter with fuel. See Filling. 12. Check the filter and drain cap for fuel leaks. 13. Connect the battery cables. 14. Start and operate the engine. Check the filter connection for fuel leaks. If leaks exist, recheck filter installation. If leaks continue, stop the engine immediately and contact your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility.
Filling A type of hand pump and primer plunger is located on the fuel filter bracket and is used to • Refill the fuel filter when draining or changing the filter. • Refill the fuel system on the engine if the system was run dry. • Prime the fuel system if the engine has not been run for an extended period. IMPORTANT: Only fill the fuel filter with the hand pump and primer plunger to ensure that unfiltered fuel does not get into the fuel system.
NOTE: Follow this procedure after installing a new filter or if the fuel has been drained from the filter checking for water.
Page 1B-36
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
1. Loosen the air vent (bleed) screw on the fuel filter bracket.
a
23469
Typical a - Air vent screw 2. Move the primer plunger up and down repeatedly. The filter is full when an air‑free stream of fuel flows from the air vent screw.
b
a
23468
Typical a - Air vent screw
b - Primer plunger
3. Securely tighten the air vent screw.
a
23469
Typical a - Air vent screw
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-37
Maintenance
Air Filter Removal 1. Loosen the clamp and remove the oil separator vent hose. 2. Loosen the clamp and remove the air filter housing from the turbocharger inlet.
c
b a
25357
Air filter housing installed on engine a - Air filter housing c - Air intake retaining clamp b - Oil separator vent hose 3. Remove the air filter element from the air filter housing
b a
25893
a - Air filter housing
b - Air filter element
Inspection 1. The air filter cannot be cleaned. Replace the air filter if it is dirty or contaminated. 2. Replace the air filter if the foam element is deteriorated or torn. 3. Replace the air filter at the recommended interval. See Maintenance Schedules for the replacement interval under normal conditions.
Installation IMPORTANT: The foam cover is an integral component of the air filter element. The foam cover must be clean and dry for proper filtration and engine performance. Do not treat the foam filter cover with oil.
Page 1B-38
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
1. Slide the filter element into the air filter housing. Ensure that the element is seated fully into the air filter housing.
b a
25893
a - Air filter housing
b - Air filter element
NOTE: The warning labels on the air filter housing must be visible after the air filter housing is installed. 2. Install the air filter housing on to the turbocharger inlet. 3. Torque the air filter housing clamp. Description
Nm
lb. in.
lb. ft.
Air filter housing clamp
4. Install the oil separator vent house. Tighten the oil separator vent hose clamp securely.
c
b a
25357
Air filter housing a - Air filter housing b - Oil separator vent hose
c - Air filter retaining clamp
Seawater Pump Inspection Alpha Sterndrive Block‑off Plate With Alpha sterndrive models, the seawater cooling system is isolated from the engine seawater system by a water block‑off plate. The engine is supplied with seawater through an engine mounted seawater pump and a through‑hull or through‑transom water inlet.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-39
Maintenance
IMPORTANT: Both seawater systems must be serviced and maintained. Both seawater systems require that an adequate supply of cooling water be available during engine operation.
Sterndrive Seawater Pump Inspection For sterndrive seawater pump inspection and maintenace refer to the appropriate MerCruiser sterndrive service manual. Remove and inspect the sterndrive seawater pump at the interval specified in the Maintenance Schedule.
Engine Seawater Pump Inspection For engine seawater pump inspection and maintenace refer to Section 6—Cooling System. Remove and inspect the engine seawater pump at the interval specified in the Maintenance Schedule.
Seawater System Alpha Sterndrive Block‑off Plate With Alpha sterndrive models, the seawater cooling system is isolated from the engine seawater system by a water block‑off plate. The engine is supplied with seawater through an engine mounted seawater pump and a through‑hull or through‑transom water inlet. IMPORTANT: Both seawater systems must be serviced and maintained. Both seawater systems require that an adequate supply of cooling water be available during engine operation.
Bravo Sterndrive Block‑off Plate With Bravo sterndrive models, the seawater cooling system is isolated from the engine seawater system by a water block‑off at the gimble housing. The engine is supplied with seawater through an engine mounted seawater pump and a through‑hull or through‑transom water inlet. IMPORTANT: Both seawater systems must be serviced and maintained. Both seawater systems require that an adequate supply of cooling water be available during engine operation.
Draining the Seawater System ! CAUTION Water can enter the bilge when the drain system is open, damaging the engine or causing the boat to sink. Remove the boat from the water or close the seacock, disconnect and plug the seawater inlet hose, and ensure the bilge pump is operational before draining. Do not operate the engine with the drain system open. IMPORTANT: The engine must be as level as possible to ensure complete draining of the cooling system. Drain the seawater system of the power package before flushing or prior to cold weather (freezing temperature), seasonal storage, or extended storage. IMPORTANT: The boat must not be operating during this procedure.
Page 1B-40
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
! CAUTION Water can enter the bilge when the drain system is open, damaging the engine or causing the boat to sink. Remove the boat from the water or close the seacock, disconnect and plug the seawater inlet hose, and ensure the bilge pump is operational before draining. Do not operate the engine with the drain system open. 1. Remove the boat from the water if possible. 2. If the boat is to remain in the water, turn on the bilge pump, close the seacock (if equipped), or disconnect and plug the seawater inlet hose.
25667
Typical seacock installation 3. Make the engine as level as possible to ensure complete draining of the seawater system. 4. Attach a temporary drain hose to the barbed fitting of the seawater drain valve.
25654
a - Seawater drain valve 5. Open the seawater drain valve. 6. A small diameter wire bore brush or stiff piece of wire can be used to clear the seawater drain of any debris.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-41
Maintenance
7. Disconnect the seawater inlet hose from the connector on the seawater pump.
d c b a
25668
abcd-
Seawater pump inlet Seawater pump Seawater pump outlet Fuel cooler
8. On models equipped with a seawater strainer, remove the hoses at the seawater strainer and drain them completely. Drain and empty the seawater strainer. Reconnect the hoses and tighten the hose clamps securely.
c
b
a
25831
a - Seawater inlet b - Seawater outlet c - Seawater strainer cover 9. After the seawater has completely drained, remove the temporary drain hose and close the heat exchanger seawater drain valve. 10. Reconnect all seawater hoses. Tighten the hose clamps securely.
Alpha Sterndrive Water Inlets Check 1. Obtain a piece of wire the appropriate size to insert into the water inlets holes. 2. Insert the wire in and out of the sterndrive water inlets to ensure that they are open and to remove debris or marine growth. Do not scrape the sterndrive paint.
Page 1B-42
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
3. Remove the wire from the sterndrive and retain for periodic water inlet checks.
5773
Side pickup water inlets
Bravo Sterndrive Water Inlets Check 1. Obtain a piece of wire the appropriate size to insert into the water inlets holes. 2. Insert the wire in and out of the sterndrive water inlets to ensure that they are open and to remove debris or marine growth. Do not scrape the sterndrive paint. 3. Remove the wire from the sterndrive and retain for periodic water inlet checks.
a
b 22495
a - Dual water pickup water inlets b - Side pickup water inlets
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-43
Maintenance
Checking the Seawater Pickups 1. Ensure that the water inlet holes for the seawater pickup are clean and not obstructed.
a a 16776
Typical through‑hull seawater pickup a - Water inlet holes
Typical through-transom seawater pickup
Cleaning the Seawater Strainer NOTE: The seawater strainer can be visually inspected through its clear cover without requiring any seawater system disassembly. 1. NOTICE An open seawater strainer or seacock during some service or maintenance procedures can introduce water into the boat, causing damage or sinking the boat. Always close the water supply from the seawater pump, water inlet, or seacock when performing service or maintenance on the cooling system.
NOTICE Disconnecting the seawater inlet hose will cause water to enter the bilge resulting in engine damage. Close the seacock before disconnecting the seawater inlet hose. Plug the seawater inlet hose immediately after disconnecting it. If the boat is in the water, ensure that the engine is off, close the seacock, if equipped, or remove and plug the seawater inlet hose.
Page 1B-44
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
2. Remove the the seawater strainer cover by turning it counterclockwise by hand.
c
b
a
25831
a - Seawater inlet b - Seawater outlet
c - Seawater strainer cover
3. Remove the strainer from the strainer housing and clean out any debris. Flush the strainer with clean water. 4. Clean out any debris from the strainer housing and flush with clean water. 5. Place the strainer back into strainer housing. Ensure that it is fully and evenly seated into the bottom of the strainer housing. 6. Inspect the strainer cover's O‑ring seal and replace if damaged or leaking. 7. Install the strainer cover by turning it clockwise by hand. Ensure that the strainer cover O‑ring is properly located and moderately compressed when the cover is installed. Do not overtighten.
c
b
a a - Seawater inlet b - Seawater outlet
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
25832
c - Seawater strainer cover
Page 1B-45
Maintenance
8. If the boat is out of the water, tag the boats keys, record the service in the maintenance log, or otherwise make note that a proper operational inspection of the seawater system must be performed before returning the boat to use on the water. 9. Boat out of the water. Perform an operational inspection of the seawater cooling system after cleaning the seawater strainer. a. Cooling water must be supplied to both the engine and the sterndrive. See Flushing the Seawater System regarding cooling water supply when this service is performed with the boat out of the water. b. Start the engine and allow the seawater system to fill and the engine to reach normal operating temperature. c. Run the engine at a fast idle between 600 to 1400 RPM. Monitor engine temperature to confirm proper operation of the cooling system. d. Inspect the seawater system for leaks maintaining a fast idle engine speed between 600 to 1400 RPM. 10. If the boat is in the water, perform an operational inspection of the seawater cooling system. a. Open the seacock, if equipped, or remove the plug and reconnect the seawater inlet hose. b. Start the engine and allow the seawater system to be filled and the engine to reach normal operating temperature. c. Check the seawater cooling system for leaks within an RPM range of 600 to 1400 RPM. d. Carefully monitor the engine's operating temperature to ensure that it remains in normal operational range and that the seawater cooling system is functioning properly.
Flushing the Seawater System—Alpha Models IMPORTANT: Because the strendrive‑to‑engine seawater supply port is blocked at the gimbal housing, the CMD Alpha sterndrive power package uses an alternative seawater inlet to supply the engine with cooling water. When the flushing the seawater system, a supply of cooling water must be provided to both the sterndrive and the engine. For applications operating in saltwater, brackish water, polluted water, or water with a high mineral content, flush the seawater system with fresh water periodically to avoid salt or sile buildup. For best results under these conditions, we recommend flushing the seawater system after each outing. The seawater cooling system must be flushed after each operation in saltwater and before placing the boat in storage following operation under any conditions. See Routine and Schedule Maintenance sections of this manual.
FLUSHING ATTACHMENTS Your boat comes equipped with sterndrive water pickups. Flushing the sterndrive requires the appropriate flushing attachment device. See Sterndrive Water Pickups for the flushing procedure or consult your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility for service and further explanation. Flushing Device
Page 1B-46
91‑44357Q 2
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
STERNDRIVE WATER PICKUPS This Cummins MerCruiser Diesel sterndrive is equipped with side water pickups. Side pickups require the use of a flushing attachment (44357Q 2).
5773
Side Pickup 1. Drain the seawater section of the cooling system. 2. If flushing the cooling system with the boat in the water: a. Raise the sterndrive to trailer position. b. Install the appropriate flushing attachment over the water inlet holes in the gear housing. c. Lower the sterndrive to full down (in) position. 3. If flushing the cooling system with the boat out of the water: a. Lower sterndrive to full down (in) position.
! WARNING Rotating propellers can cause serious injury or death. Never operate the boat out of the water with a propeller installed. Before installing or removing a propeller, place the drive unit in neutral and engage the lanyard stop switch to prevent the engine from starting. Place a block of wood between the propeller blade and the anti‑ventilation plate. b. c.
Remove the propeller. Install the appropriate flushing attachment over the water inlet holes in the gear housing. 4. Connect a hose between the flushing attachment and a water source. 5. On Alpha engines with the sterndrive water inlet blocked off at the gimbal housing and using a through–hull water inlet, ensure that there is an adequate supply of cooling water to both the sterndrive and the engine during operation.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-47
Maintenance
6. Connect a second flushing hose from a water tap to the seawater inlet hose connector or to the seawater pump inlet using an appropriate adapter.
d c b a
25668
a - Seawater pump inlet b - Seawater pump
c - Seawater pump outlet d - Fuel cooler
7. With the sterndrive in the normal operating position, partially open the water source (about 1/2 maximum flow). 8. Place the remote control in the neutral, idle speed position and start the engine.
NOTICE Operating the engine out of the water at high speeds creates suction, which can collapse the water supply hose and overheat the engine. Do not operate the engine above 1400 RPM out of the water and without sufficient cooling water supply. 9. Operate the engine with the sterndrive in neutral at a fast idle between 600 to 1400 RPM for about 10 minutes or until discharge water is clear. 10. Observe the water temperature gauge to ensure that the engine is operating in the normal range. 11. Slowly return the throttle to the idle speed position. 12. Stop the engine. 13. Shut off the water and remove the flushing attachment. 14. Remove any adaptors used and reconnect all of the seawater hoses.
Flushing the Seawater System—Bravo Models Flushing the sterndrive out of the water requires the use of the appropriate flushing attachment.
Page 1B-48
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
1. Bravo Sterndrive:
21081
Dual water pickup
Side pickup
Flushing Device
91‑44357Q 2
Dual Water Pick‑up Flush Gearcase Seal Kit
91‑881150K 1
1. Drain the seawater section of the cooling system. 2. If flushing the cooling system with the boat in the water: a. Raise the sterndrive to trailer position. b. Install the appropriate flushing attachment over the water inlet holes in the gear housing. c. Lower the sterndrive to full down (in) position. 3. If flushing the cooling system with the boat out of the water: a.
Lower sterndrive to full down (in) position.
! WARNING Rotating propellers can cause serious injury or death. Never operate the boat out of the water with a propeller installed. Before installing or removing a propeller, place the drive unit in neutral and engage the lanyard stop switch to prevent the engine from starting. Place a block of wood between the propeller blade and the anti‑ventilation plate. b. c.
Remove the propeller. Install the appropriate flushing attachment over the water inlet holes in the gear housing. 4. Connect a hose between the flushing attachment and a water source. 5. On engines with the sterndrive water inlet blocked off at the gimbal housing and using a through–hull water inlet, ensure that there is an adequate supply of cooling water to both the sterndrive and the engine during operation.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-49
Maintenance
6. Connect a second flushing hose from a water tap to the seawater inlet hose connector or to the seawater pump inlet using an appropriate adapter.
d c b a
25668
a - Seawater pump inlet b - Seawater pump
c - Seawater pump outlet d - Fuel cooler
7. With the sterndrive in the normal operating position, partially open the water source (about 1/2 maximum flow). 8. Place the remote control in the neutral, idle speed position and start the engine.
NOTICE Operating the engine out of the water at high speeds creates suction, which can collapse the water supply hose and overheat the engine. Do not operate the engine above 1400 RPM out of the water and without sufficient cooling water supply. 9. Operate the engine with the sterndrive in neutral at a fast idle between 600 to 1400 RPM for about 10 minutes or until discharge water is clear. 10. Observe the water temperature gauge to ensure that the engine is operating in the normal range. 11. Slowly return the throttle to the idle speed position. 12. Stop the engine. 13. Shut off the water and remove the flushing attachment. 14. Remove any adaptors used and reconnect all of the seawater hoses.
Corrosion Protection–General Engine Corrosion Protection Components The engine is equipped with a sacrificial anode located in the end cover of the engine aftercooler to assist in protecting the engine and the seawater cooling system from corrosion.
REMOVAL 1. Allow the engine to cool.
NOTICE Failure to close the seawater inlet or seacock when removing or replacing the anode plugs can lead to water damage. Close the seacock or remove and plug the seawater inlet hose to prevent water from entering the anode plug holes.
Page 1B-50
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
2. With the engine off, close the seacock, if equipped, or remove and plug the seawater inlet hose. 3. Drain the seawater system. See Draining the Seawater System . 4. Remove the anode assembly (anode plug, sealing washer, and the sacrificial anode) from the aftercooler end cover.
25583
a - Sacrificial anode
CLEANING AND INSPECTION NOTE: Using sandpaper, fiber brush, or cleaning pad, remove the deposits from the surface of the anode before trying to determine the amount of erosion. Do not use a mild steel brush which might leave deposits that could accelerate corrosion. 1. Remove the deposits. 2. Inspect and measure the anode. Compare the measurements to the specifications for a new sacrificial anode and replace the anode assembly when deteriorated 50%. NOTE: Sacrificial anodes are available only as an assembly. Replace both the plug and anode as a unit.
a
e
b
d c 19226
Anode assembly a - Anode plug b - Sacrificial anode c - Length
d - Diameter e - Sealing washer
Sacrificial anode measurements (new) Length
19 mm ( 3/4 in.)
Diameter
16 mm ( 5/8 in.)
3. Discard the sealing washer. 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-51
Maintenance
INSTALLATION 1. Install a new sealing washer on the anode assembly (anode plug with the sacrificial anode).
a
b
19227
a - Anode assembly
b - Sealing washer
2. Install the anode assembly and washer into the aftercooler end cover. Tighten securely.
25583
a - Sacrificial anode 3. Unplug and connect the seawater inlet hose, or open the seacock if equipped.
NOTICE Without sufficient cooling water, the engine, the water pump, and other components will overheat and suffer damage. Provide a sufficient supply of water to the water inlets during operation. 4. Ensure that both the sterndrive and engine seawater pickup pumps are supplied cooling water. 5. Start the engine and check for leaks
Page 1B-52
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Sterndrive Corrosion Protection Components To help control the effects of galvanic corrosion, Cummins MerCruiser Diesel sterndrives come with several sacrificial anodes and other corrosion protection devices. For a more comprehensive explanation of corrosion and corrosion protection refer to the Marine Corrosion Protection Guide .
2 5
4
1
6
3
7 1234-
Gearcase anodic plate Ventilation plate anode MerCathode System Anode kit
20337
5 - Trim cylinder anodes 6 - Bearing carrier anodes 7 - Propshaft Anode (Bravo III standard)
NOTICE Washing the MerCathode assembly can damage components and lead to rapid corrosion. Do not use any cleaning equipment such as brushes or high‑pressure washers to clean the MerCathode assembly.
c
a
b 6211
a - MerCathode reference electrode b - Do not paint
c - Do not pressure wash
IMPORTANT: Replace sacrificial anodes if eroded 50% or more. The following sacrificial anodes are installed at different locations on your power package. These anodes help protect against galvanic corrosion by sacrificing its metal to be slowly eroded instead of the metal components on the power package. 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-53
Maintenance
MerCathode System ‑ Electrode assembly replaces Anodic block. System should be tested to ensure adequate output. The test should be performed where boat is moored, using Quicksilver Reference Electrode and Test Meter. Contact your authorized Mercury MerCruiser dealer. Description
Gearcase anodic plate
Location
Figure
Mounted on the underside of the lower gearcase. 20336
Ventilation plate anode
Mounted on the front of the gearcase. 20338
MerCathode System
Anode kit (if equipped)
The MerCathode electrode is mounted to the underside of the gimbal housing. The MerCathode controller is mounted on the engine or on the boat transom. The controller harness connects to the electrode harness.
20340
Mounted to the boat transom. 20341
Trim cylinder anodes
Mounted on each of the trim cylinders. 20342
Bearing carrier anode (Bravo One)
Located in front of the propeller, between the front side of the propeller and the gear housing. 20343
Propshaft anode (Bravo Three)
Located behind the aft propeller. 20344
In addition to the corrosion protection devices, take the following steps to inhibit corrosion. 1. Paint the power package. See Painting Your Power Package. 2. Annually spray the power package components on the inside of the boat with Corrosion Guard to protect the finish from dulling and corrosion. You may also spray external power package components.
Page 1B-54
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
3. Keep all lubrication points, especially the steering system, shift and throttle linkages, well lubricated. 4. Flush the cooling system periodically, preferably after each use.
MerCathode If the boat is equipped with a Quicksilver MerCathode system, the system should be tested to ensure that it is providing adequate output to protect the underwater metal parts on the boat. The test should be made where the boat is moored, using a Quicksilver Reference Electrode and Test Meter. Reference Electrode
91‑76675T 1
Refer to the appropriate Mercury MerCruiser Sterndrive Service Manual for testing procedures.
Painting Your Power Package IMPORTANT: Corrosion damage that results from the improper application of anti‑fouling paint will not be covered by the limited warranty. 1. Painting the boat hull or transom: you may apply anti‑fouling paint to the boat hull and transom. However, observe the following: IMPORTANT: Do not paint anodes or MerCathode System reference electrode and anode. Paint will render them ineffective as inhibitors of galvanic corrosion. IMPORTANT: If anti‑fouling protection is required for the boat hull or transom, you can use copper‑based or tin‑based paints where not prohibited by law. If using copper‑based or tin‑based anti‑fouling paints, observe the following: • Avoid any electrical interconnection between the paint and the Mercury MerCruiser product, anodic blocks, or MerCathode system by allowing a minimum of 40 mm (1‑1/2 in.) unpainted area on the transom of the boat around these items.
a
b 5578
a - Painted boat transom
b - Unpainted Area on Transom
2. Painting the sterndrive unit or transom assembly: The sterndrive unit and transom assembly should be painted with a good‑quality marine paint or an anti‑fouling paint that does not contain copper, tin, or any other material that could conduct electrical current. Do not paint drain holes, anodes, MerCathode system, or items specified by the boat manufacturer.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-55
Maintenance
Corrosion Protection, Alpha Sterndrive General Information Whenever two or more dissimilar metals (such as those found on this power package) are submerged in a conductive solution such as saltwater, polluted water, or water with a high mineral content, a chemical reaction takes place causing electrical current to flow between metals. The electrical current flow causes the metal that is most chemically active, or anodic, to erode. This erosion is known as galvanic corrosion and, if it is not controlled, it will eventually cause the need for replacement of power package components exposed to water. To help control the effects of galvanic corrosion, Cummins MerCruiser Diesel power packages come with several sacrificial anodes and other corrosion protection devices. For a more comprehensive explanation of corrosion and corrosion protection refer to the Marine Corrosion Protection Guide (90‑88181301). IMPORTANT: Replace sacrificial anodes if eroded 50% or more. Cummins MerCruiser Diesel strongly recommends avoiding the use of anodes from another manufacturer. Refer to your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility for additional information.
Alpha Sterndrive Continuity Circuit Inspection The transom assembly and sterndrive unit are equipped with ground‑circuit wires to ensure good electrical continuity between the engine, transom assembly, and sterndrive components. Good continuity to a ground is essential for the anode and MerCathode system to function most effectively. 1. Inspect the steering lever ground wire for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring. 2. Inspect the inner transom plate ground wire for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring. 3. Inspect the gimbal housing ground wires for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring. 4. Inspect the flywheel housing grounding stud, ground wire, and the inner transom plate grounding screw for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring.
Corrosion Protection, Bravo Sterndrive General Information Whenever two or more dissimilar metals (such as those found on this power package) are submerged in a conductive solution (such as saltwater, polluted water, or water with a high mineral content;) a chemical reaction takes place causing electrical current to flow between metals. The electrical current flow causes the metal that is most chemically active, or anodic, to erode. This erosion is known as galvanic corrosion and, if it is not controlled, it will eventually require the replacement of power package components exposed to water. To help control the effects of galvanic corrosion, Cummins MerCruiser Diesel power packages come with several sacrificial anodes and other corrosion protection devices. For a more comprehensive explanation of corrosion and corrosion protection refer to the Marine Corrosion Protection Guide. IMPORTANT: Replace sacrificial anodes if they are eroded 50% or more. Avoid the use of anodes from another manufacturer.
Page 1B-56
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Continuity Circuit—Bravo Sterndrive The transom assembly and sterndrive have ground‑circuit wires to ensure good electrical continuity between the engine, transom assembly, and sterndrive components. Good continuity to a ground is essential for the anode and MerCathode system to function effectively. 1. Inspect the steering lever ground wire for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring. 2. Inspect the inner transom plate ground wire for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring.
a a
27283
27282
Steering lever continuity wire a - Continuity wire
Transom plate continuity wires
3. Inspect the flywheel housing grounding stud and ground wire, and the inner transom plate grounding screw for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring.
c
a b 7782
Typical a - Flywheel housing screw or grounding stud b - Continuity circuit (ground) wire c - Inner transom plate grounding screw
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-57
Maintenance
4. Inspect the driveshaft housing–to–gear housing ground plate inside the anode cavity for a loose or faulty connection.
a
27285
Sterndrive anodic plate cavity a - Ground plate (inside anode cavity) 5. Inspect the gimbal housing ground wires for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring.
b
a
7006
a - Gimbal housing–to–gimbal ring ground wire
b - Gimbal housing–to–trim cylinder ground wires
6. Inspect the gimbal ring ground wire for loose connections, broken connectors, or frayed wiring.
a
27263
a - Gimbal ring‑to‑bell housing ground wire
Page 1B-58
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
7. Inspect the sterndrive ground plate for loose or broken connections.
a
27264
a - Sterndrive‑to‑bell housing ground plate 8. Inspect the continuity washers under the hydraulic manifold block fasteners for a loose or faulty connection .
a 9957
a - Continuity washers 9. Inspect the sterndrive U‑joint bellows ground clips and exhaust tube ground clip for loose or faulty connections.
a
19627
Exhaust tube ground clip shown, U‑joint bellows ground clips similar a - Exhaust tube ground clip
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-59
Maintenance
Lubrication Steering System ! WARNING Incorrect cable lubrication can cause hydraulic lock, leading to serious injury or death from loss of boat control. Completely retract the end of the steering cable before applying lubricant.
NOTE: If the steering cable does not have a grease fitting, the inner wire of the cable cannot be greased. 1. If the steering cable has grease fittings, turn the steering wheel until the steering cable is fully retracted into the cable housing. Apply approximately three pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun.
a
6221
a - Steering cable grease fitting Tube Ref No.
Description Special Lubricant 101
34
Where Used
Part No.
Steering cable grease fitting
92-802865Q02
2. Turn the steering wheel until the steering cable is fully extended. Lightly lubricate the exposed part of the cable.
a
6222
a - Extended steering cable Tube Ref No. 34
Page 1B-60
Description Special Lubricant 101
Where Used
Part No.
Steering cable
92-802865Q02
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
3. Lubricate the steering pin.
a mc71904-1
a - Steering pin Tube Ref. No.
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Synthetic Blend MerCruiser Engine Oil SAE25W‑40
Steering pin
92‑883725K01
4. On dual engine boats: Lubricate the tie bar pivot points. Tube Ref. No.
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Synthetic Blend MerCruiser Engine Oil SAE25W‑40
Tie bar pivot points
92‑883725K01
5. Upon first starting the engine, turn the steering wheel several times to starboard and then port to ensure that the steering system operates properly before getting underway.
Throttle Cable 1. Lubricate the pivot points and guide contact surfaces.
a
b
Tube Ref No. 80
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
23643
b - Guide contact surfaces
a - Pivot points Description SAE Engine Oil 30W
Where Used
Part No.
Throttle cable pivot points and guide contact surfaces
Obtain Locally
Page 1B-61
Maintenance
Shift Cable 1. Lubricate the pivot points and guide contact surfaces.
a
a a 20261
b Typical sterndrive model shift cable a - Pivot points b - Guide contact surface Tube Ref No.
Description SAE Engine Oil 30W
80
Where Used
Part No.
Shift cable pivot points and guide contact surfaces
Obtain Locally
Transom Assembly 1. Lubricate the gimbal bearing by applying approximately 8‑10 pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun.
a
19979
a - Gimbal bearing grease insert Tube Ref No. 42
Description U-joint and Gimbal Bearing Grease
Where Used
Part No.
Gimbal bearing grease insert
92-802870A1
Engine Coupler 1. Lubricate engine coupler splines through grease fittings on coupler by applying approximately 8‑10 pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun.
Page 1B-62
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
NOTE: If the boat is operated at idle for prolonged periods of time, coupler should be lubricated Bravo Models ‑ every 50 hours; Alpha Models ‑ every 150 hours.
a a
6213
Alpha drive coupler a - Grease fitting Tube Ref No. 91
6212
Bravo drive coupler
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Engine Coupler Spline Grease
Coupler
92-802869A 1
NOTE: Alpha Models ‑ Your power package is equipped with a sealed engine coupler and Perm‑a‑Lube U‑joints. The sealed coupler and shaft splines can be lubricated without removing the sterndrive unit. NOTE: Bravo Models ‑ The coupler and shaft splines can be lubricated without removing the sterndrive unit. Apply lubricant from a typical hand‑operated grease gun until a small amount of grease begins to push out.
Sterndrive U‑joint Cross Bearings and Shaft Splines (Sterndrive Unit Removed) NOTE: Gray sterndrive U‑joint cross bearings have grease fittings and require lubrication at specified intervals. Black sterndrive U‑joint cross bearings do not have grease fittings and do not require additional lubrication. The sterndrive must be removed to lubricate the gray U‑joints. 1. Remove the sterndrive unit; refer to the appropriate Mercury MerCruiser Sterndrive Service Manual for sterndrive unit removal and installation. 2. Lubricate the sterndrive U‑joint cross bearings through the grease fittings, if equipped, by applying approximately 3‑6 pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-63
Maintenance
3. Lubricate the U‑joint shaft splines and the O‑rings.
b d c
a c
19497
a - Driveshaft splines b - U‑joint O‑rings Tube Ref No. 91
c - Grease fittings, if equipped d - Cross bearing assemblies
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Engine Coupler Spline Grease
Driveshaft splines
92-802869A 1
Description
Where Used
Part No.
Gray sterndrive U-joint cross bearings on Bravo X Sterndrive units
Obtain Locally
Tube Ref No.
Exxon Unirex EP2 Grease
Propeller Shaft For propeller shaft lubrication, refer to the appropriate Mercury MerCruiser Sterndrive Service Manual.
Maintaining Torques Transom Gimbal Ring Clamp Bolt NOTE: The gimbal ring is a component of the transom assembly. Tighten the gimbal ring clamp bolts to the specified torque.
a
b
19624
a - Transom assembly
Page 1B-64
b - Gimbal ring clamp bolts
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance Description
Nm
lb‑in.
lb‑ft
Alpha gimbal ring clamp bolts
74
—
55
Bravo gimbal ring clamp bolts for 3/8 in. U‑bolt
72
—
53
Bravo gimbal ring clamp bolts for 7/16 in. U‑bolt
95
—
70
Engine Mounts Loosen the rear engine mount bolts 1 to 1‑1/2 turns. Retorque the rear engine mount bolts.
a
c b
a - Rear engine mount b - Transom plate mount
19622
c - Rear engine mount bolt
Description
Nm
Rear engine mounts
51
lb. in.
lb. ft. 38
Electrical System NOTE: Refer to Section 4 for specific procedures. Inspect the entire electrical system for loose, damaged, or corroded fasteners and connectors.
QSD 2.0 Drive Belts All drive belts must be periodically inspected for tension and condition, such as excessive wear, cracks, fraying, or glazed surfaces.
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Page 1B-65
Maintenance
! WARNING Inspecting the belts with the engine running may cause serious injury or death. Turn off the engine and remove the ignition key before adjusting tension or inspecting belts.
a b
25603
QSD 2.0L front cover removed a - Serpentine belt b - Power assisted steering belt (sterndrive models)
Power Assisted Steering Pump Belt–Sterndrive Only Inspection The 2.0 diesel engine with a sterndrive is equipped with a stretch‑belt that is used to drive the power‑assisted steering pump.The stretch‑belt has a specific level of elasticity, and self‑tensioning and vibration‑damping characteristics not found in standard belts. It cannot be reused. Replace the power‑assisted steering pump stretch‑belt if you remove it for any reason. 1. Inspect the power–assisted steering stretch‑belt for the following: • Excessive wear • Cracks • Fiber fraying • Glazed surfaces
Page 1B-66
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Maintenance
2. Replace the belt if it appears worn or damaged.
a
b
c
25604
a - Power–assisted steering stretch belt b - Power–assisted steering pump pulley c - Crankshaft pulley 3. Replace the power‑assisted steering stretch‑belt at the recommended service interval as indicated by the appropriate maintenance schedule.
Driveshaft Extension Models 1. Lubricate the transom end grease fitting and engine end grease fitting by applying approximately 10 ‑ 12 pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun. 2. Lubricate the driveshaft grease fittings by applying approximately 3 ‑ 4 pumps of grease from a typical hand‑operated grease gun.
c b
a
a a - Driveshaft grease fittings b - Transom end grease fitting Tube Ref No. 42
Description U-joint and Gimbal Bearing Grease
17014
c - Engine end grease fitting
Where Used
Part No.
Transom end grease fitting, engine end grease fitting, driveshaft grease fittings
92-802870A1
Adjustment The power‑assisted steering pump stretch‑belt cannot be adjusted. Loose or noisy belts must be replaced. The stretch‑belt has a specific level of elasticity, and self‑ tensioning and vibration‑damping characteristics not found in standard belts. Replace the power-assisted steering pump stretch-belt if you remove it for any reason. 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-67
Maintenance
Removal 1. Disconnect both battery cables. 2. Position a suitable tool on the crankshaft pulley nut. IMPORTANT: Do not rotate the crankshaft in a counterclockwise direction. Counterclockwise engine rotation will damage the seawater pump impeller and could affect crankshaft pulley torque. 3. Loop a light weight shop towel around the power‑assisted steering stretch belt so that the loose ends are even and on the outside of the belt.
b a
c 30116
Tool and shop towel positioning a - Power‑assisted steering pump b - Shop towel c - Belt around crankshaft pulley 4. While rotating the engine in a clockwise direction, pull out the stretch‑belt with the shop towel. Continue the clockwise rotation of the engine while working the stretch‑belt off of the front of the crankshaft pulley with the shop towel.
c
a
b
30117
Crankshaft rotation a - Power‑assisted steering pump b - Shop towel c - Belt working off of the crankshaft pulley 5. Remove the stretch‑belt from the engine and discard. IMPORTANT: The power‑assisted steering pump stretch‑belt is not reusable and must be replaced once removed.
Installation The replacement power‑assisted steering pump belt is supplied with an installation tool. 1. Attach a suitable tool to the crankshaft pulley bolt.
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Maintenance
IMPORTANT: Do not rotate the crankshaft in a counterclockwise direction. Counterclockwise engine rotation will damage the seawater pump impeller and could affect crankshaft pulley torque. 2. Position the new stretch‑belt onto the power‑assisted steering pump pulley so that it is aligned in the first three groves of the pulley.
NOTE: The three rear groves of the power‑assisted steering pump pulley should be exposed. Failure to properly align the belt during installation will result in premature belt wear and failure.
30108
Belt alignment 3. Position the stretch‑belt installation tool on the top of the crankshaft pulley. 4. Place the belt over the stretch‑belt installation tool.
d c b
e
a 30141
abcde-
Belt and tool position Drive and socket Stretch‑belt installation tool Crankshaft pulley Stretch‑belt Serpentine drive belt
5. Rotate the tool clockwise 360°, allowing the tool to guide the belt on to the pulley. 6. Confirm that the belt is aligned in all of the grooves of the crankshaft pulley and the first three grooves of the power‑assisted steering pump pulley. 7. If necessary, continue to rotate the crankshaft pulley in a clockwise direction while providing hand pressure to guide the belt. 8. Reconnect the battery cables.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-69
Maintenance
Serpentine Belt Inspection NOTE: The 2.0 diesel engine with a sterndrive is equipped with a stretch‑belt that is used to drive the power‑assisted steering pump. This belt must be removed to service the serpentine belt. Stretch‑belt service and maintenance procedures differ significantly from those that apply to standard accessory drive belts. Refer to Power–Assisted Steering Pump Belt. 1. Inspect the serpentine belt for proper tension and for the following: • Excessive wear • Cracks NOTE: Minor, transverse cracks (across the belt width) may be acceptable. Longitudinal cracks (in the direction of belt length) that join transverse cracks are not acceptable. • Fraying • Glazed surfaces
21062
2. Check the operation of the automatic tensioner and associated components. a. Position a suitable tool on the automatic tensioner pulley bolt. b. Rotate the automatic tensioner clockwise.
d
c
e
b
f
a 25415
a - Serpentine belt b - Automatic tensioner c - Idler pulley c.
Page 1B-70
d - Alternator e - Idler pulley f - Sea water pump pulley
Release the automatic tensioner allowing it to return to a load position on the serpentine belt.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
d.
The automatic tensioner must return to the initial position and hold tension on the serpentine belt. If the automatic tensioner does not operate smoothly or does not return to a loaded position providing tension on the belt it must be replaced. See your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility for all of your repair needs.
Adjustment The serpentine bel tcannot be adjusted. The automatic tensioner pulley maintains belt tension. Automatic tensioner failure may cause noisy operation and premature serpentine belt wear. If the belt becomes loose, worn, or noisy and the automatic tensioner is functioning properly then the belt must be replaced.
Removal IMPORTANT: Do not turn the seawater pump pulley counterclockwise while performing this service. Reverse rotation of the seawater pump may damage the pump's impeller. 1. Disconnect both battery cables. 2. Remove the power‑assisted steering pump belt. See Power-Assisted Steering Pump Belt—Removal. 3. Position a suitable tool on the automatic tensioner pulley bolt.
b
a 30143
Drive and socket positioned on tensioner pulley bolt a - Crankshaft pulley b - Socket on tensioner pulley bolt
NOTE: If the serpentine belt will be reused note the direction of rotation and mark the belt so that it can be reinstalled in its original orientation.
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Page 1B-71
Maintenance
4. Rotate the automatic tensioner clockwise removing tension from the serpentine belt.
b a
c 30144
Tensioner rotation a - Crankshaft pulley b - Tensioner pulley c - Tensioner rotation 5. Remove the serpentine belt from the crankshaft pulley.
b a 30145
Serpentine belt removal a - Crankshaft pulley b - Loose belt 6. Release the tensioner and remove the drive and socket from the tensioner pulley bolt. 7. Remove the serpentine belt from the remainder of the accessory drive pulleys. 8. Inspect the serpentine belt for damage or wear and replace if necessary.
Installation NOTE: Reinstall the serpentine belt in its original orientation, so that it rotates in the same direction as when previously installed. 1. Working in a clockwise direction, route the serpentine belt over the grooved idler pulley, the alternator pulley, and the inside of the smooth idler pulley. Pull the belt through enough to remove any slack between the top three accessory drive pulleys. 2. Route the belt around the outside of the seawater pump pulley.
Page 1B-72
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
3. Route the middle portion of the belt beneath the smooth pulley of the automatic tensioner.
b a 30145
Serpentine belt installation a - Crankshaft pulley b - Loose belt 4. Position a suitable tool on the automatic tensioner pulley bolt. 5. Rotate the automatic tensioner clockwise
b a
c 30144
Tensioner rotation a - Crankshaft pulley b - Tensioner pulley c - Tensioner rotation . 6. Route the belt around the crankshaft pulley starting at the top and working around to the bottom. 7. Release the automatic tensioner.
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Page 1B-73
Maintenance
8. Inspect the belt installation to confirm that the belt is properly aligned with all grooves and pulleys.
d c
e
b
f
a 30147
Serpentine belt routing a - Crankshaft pulley b - Automatic tensioner c - Idler pulley
d - Alternator e - Idler pulley f - Sea water pump pulley
9. Install a new power‑assisted steering pump belt. See Power-Assisted Steering Pump Belt—Installation.
Cold Weather (Freezing Temperature), Seasonal Storage, and Extended Storage IMPORTANT: Cummins MerCruiser Diesel strongly recommends that this service be performed by a Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility. Damage caused by freezing IS NOT covered by the Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Limited Warranty.
NOTICE Water trapped in the seawater section of the cooling system can cause corrosion or freeze damage. Drain the seawater section of the cooling system immediately after operation or before any length of storage in cold weather. If the boat is in the water, keep the seacock closed until restarting the engine to prevent water from flowing back into the cooling system. If the boat is not fitted with a seacock, leave the water inlet hose disconnected and plugged.
NOTE: As a precautionary measure, attach a tag to the key switch or steering wheel of the boat reminding the operator to open the seacock or unplug and reconnect the water inlet hose before starting the engine. You should consider a boat is in storage whenever it is not in operation. The amount of time that the power package is not operated may be for a brief period, such as during a day, overnight, for a season, or for an extended period of time. Certain precautions and procedures must be observed to protect the power package from freeze damage, corrosion damage, or both types of damage during storage. Freeze damage can happen when water trapped in the seawater cooling system freezes. For example, after operating the boat, exposure to freezing temperatures for even a brief period of time could result in freeze damage.
Page 1B-74
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
Corrosion damage is the result of saltwater, polluted water, or water with a high mineral content trapped in the seawater cooling system. Saltwater should not stay in an engine's cooling system for even a brief storage time; drain and flush the seawater cooling system after each outing. Cold weather operation refers to operating the boat whenever the possibility of freezing temperatures exists. Likewise, cold weather (freezing temperature) storage refers to whenever the boat is not being operated and the possibility of freezing temperatures exists. In such cases, the seawater section of the cooling system must be completely drained immediately after operation. Seasonal storage refers to when the boat is not being operated for one month or more. The length of time varies depending on the geographic location of the boat in storage. Seasonal storage precautions and procedures include all of the steps for cold weather (freezing temperature) storage and some additional steps that must be taken when storage will last longer than the short time of cold weather (freezing temperature) storage. Extended storage means storage for a period of time that may last for several seasons or longer. Extended storage precautions and procedures include all of the steps for cold weather (freezing temperature) storage and seasonal storage plus some additional steps. See the specific procedures in this section related to the conditions and the length of storage for your application.
Cold Weather (Freezing Temperature) Storage
NOTICE Water trapped in the seawater section of the cooling system can cause corrosion or freeze damage. Remove the boat from the water to drain the seawater section of the cooling system immediately after operation or before any length of storage in cold weather.
NOTE: As a precautionary measure, attach a tag to the key switch or steering wheel of the boat reminding the operator to open the seacock or unplug and reconnect the water inlet hose before starting the engine. 1. Read all precautions and perform all procedures found in Draining the Seawater System and drain the seawater section of the cooling system. 2. Place a caution tag at the helm advising the operator to unplug and connect the water inlet hose or open the seacock, if equipped, before operating the boat. 3. For additional assurance against freezing and corrosion fill the seawater cooling system with a mixture of propylene glycol antifreeze and tap water. See Seasonal Storage Instructions in this section.
Preparing Your Power Package for Seasonal or Extended Storage
NOTICE Without sufficient cooling water, the engine, the water pump, and other components will overheat and suffer damage. Provide a sufficient supply of water to the water inlets during operation. IMPORTANT: If the boat has already been removed from the water, supply water to the water inlet holes before starting the engine. Follow all warnings and flushing attachment procedures stated in Flushing the Seawater System. 1. Supply cooling water to the water inlet holes or seawater pump inlet. 2. Start the engine and operate until it reaches normal operating temperature. 90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-75
Maintenance
3. 4. 5. 6.
Stop the engine. Change the engine oil and filter. Start the engine and run for about 15 minutes. Check for oil leaks. Flush the seawater cooling system. See Flushing the Seawater System.
Seasonal Storage Instructions 1. Observe all precautions and perform all procedures found in Preparing Your Power Package for Seasonal or Extended Storage. 2. Observe all precautions and perform all procedures found in Draining the Seawater System and drain the seawater section of the cooling system.
NOTICE Water trapped in the seawater section of the cooling system can cause corrosion or freeze damage. Drain the seawater section of the cooling system immediately after operation or before any length of storage in cold weather. If the boat is in the water, keep the seacock closed until restarting the engine to prevent water from flowing back into the cooling system. If the boat is not fitted with a seacock, leave the water inlet hose disconnected and plugged. IMPORTANT: Cummins MerCruiser Diesel recommends the use of propylene glycol antifreeze in the seawater section of the cooling system for cold weather (freezing temperature), seasonal storage, or extended storage. Make sure that the propylene glycol antifreeze contains a rust inhibitor and is recommended for use in marine engines. Be certain to follow the propylene glycol manufacturer's recommendations. 3. Fill a container with approximately 5.6 liters (6 U.S. quarts) of propylene glycol antifreeze and tap water mixed to manufacturer's recommendation to protect the engine to the lowest temperature to which it will be exposed during cold weather or extended storage. 4. Disconnect the seawater inlet hose from the seawater pump. Using an adapter, if necessary, temporarily connect a hose of appropriate length to the seawater pump and place the other end of the hose into the container of propylene glycol antifreeze and tap water.
a
b
c 23452
Typical a - Seawater pump b - Temporary hose
Page 1B-76
c - Container of propylene glycol antifreeze and tap water
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Maintenance
NOTE: Discharge of propylene glycol into the environment may be restricted by law. Dispose of propylene glycol in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and guidelines. 5. Start the engine and operate at idle speed until the antifreeze mixture has been pumped into the engine seawater cooling system. 6. Stop the engine. 7. Remove the temporary hose from the seawater pump. 8. Clean the outside of the engine and repaint required areas with primer and spray paint. After the paint has dried, coat the engine with the specified corrosion‑inhibiting oil or equivalent. Description
Where Used
Corrosion Guard Light gray primer Marine Cloud White paint (CMD part number: 4918660) Mercury Phantom Black
Part Number 92‑802878‑55
Outside of engine
92‑802878‑52 Obtain locally
Shift plate and air filter housing
92‑802878Q1
9. Your Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility should now perform all checks, inspections, lubrications, and fluid changes outlined in Maintenance Schedules.
NOTICE The universal joint bellows may develop a set when stored in a raised or up position, causing the bellows to fail when returned to service and allowing water to enter the boat. Store the sterndrive in the full down position. 10. On Sterndrive models, place the sterndrive in the full down (in) position. 11. Follow the battery manufacturer's instructions for storage and store the battery.
Extended Storage Instructions IMPORTANT: Cummins MerCruiser Diesel strongly recommends that this service be performed by a Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility. 1. Read all precautions and perform all procedures found in Preparing Your Power Package for Seasonal or Extended Storage. 2. Read all precautions and perform all procedures found in Draining the Seawater System. 3. Read all precautions and perform all procedures found in Seasonal Storage Instructions. IMPORTANT: The seawater pump impeller material can be damaged by prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. 4. Remove the seawater pump impeller and store away from direct sunlight. Refer to a Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility for additional information and service. 5. Place a caution tag at the instrument panel and in the engine compartment stating that the seawater pump is out and not to operate the engine.
Battery Follow the battery manufacturer's instructions for storage.
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1B-77
Maintenance
Recommissioning NOTE: Discharge of propylene glycol into the environment may be restricted by law. Contain and dispose of propylene glycol in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and guidelines. 1. On engines that were prepared for extended storage, refer to a Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Authorized Repair Facility and have the seawater pump impeller installed, if it was removed for storage. 2. On engines that were prepared for cold weather (freezing temperature), seasonal, or extended storage, see Draining the Seawater System and drain the propylene glycol into a suitable container. Dispose of the propylene glycol in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and guidelines. 3. Ensure that all cooling system hoses are in good condition, connected properly, and clamped tightly. Verify that all drain valves and drain plugs are installed and tight. 4. Inspect all drive belts. 5. Perform all lubrication and maintenance specified for completion according to Annually in Maintenance Schedules, except items that were performed at time of engine layup. 6. Fill the fuel tanks with fresh diesel fuel. Do not use old fuel. Check the general condition of the fuel lines and inspect the connections for leaks. 7. Replace the water‑separating fuel filter or filters (some engines may have more than one).
! CAUTION Disconnecting or connecting the battery cables in the incorrect order can cause injury from electrical shock or can damage the electrical system. Always disconnect the negative (‑) battery cable first and connect it last. 8. Install a fully charged battery. Clean the battery cable clamps and terminals. Reconnect the cables (see the CAUTION listed above). Secure each cable clamp when connecting. Coat terminals with a battery terminal anti‑corrosion spray to help retard corrosion. 9. Perform all checks in the Starting Procedure column found in the Operation Chart. See the On the Water section.
NOTICE Without sufficient cooling water, the engine, the water pump, and other components will overheat and suffer damage. Provide a sufficient supply of water to the water inlets during operation. 10. Supply cooling water to the water inlet openings. 11. Start the engine and closely observe instrumentation. Ensure that all systems are functioning correctly. 12. Carefully inspect the engine for fuel, oil, fluid, water, and exhaust leaks. 13. Check the steering system, shift, and throttle control for proper operation.
Page 1B-78
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Troubleshooting
Important Information
1
C
Section 1C - Troubleshooting
Table of Contents Troubleshooting Charts...................................1C-2 Precautions For Troubleshooting.............1C-2 Poor Boat Performance, Poor Maneuverability, or Both......................................................1C-3 Improper Full Throttle Engine RPM..........1C-3 Engine Cranks Over But Will Not Start or Starts Hard..........................................................1C-4 Engine Will Not Crank Over or Starter Inoperative................................................1C-5 Charging System Inoperative...................1C-6 Noisy Alternator........................................1C-6 Engine Operates Poorly at Idle.................1C-6 Engine Operates Poorly At High RPM......1C-7 Poor Fuel Economy..................................1C-7 Engine Smoking.......................................1C-8
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Exhaust Gas Temperature.......................1C-9 Turbocharger............................................1C-9 Engine Noise..........................................1C-10 Oil Pressure............................................1C-12 Excessive Oil Consumption....................1C-14 Water or Coolant in the Engine..............1C-14 Engine Overheat—Cooling System........1C-15 Engine Overheat—Mechanical...............1C-16 Power Steering—Poor, Erratic, or No Assist ................................................................1C-16 Power Steering—Noisy Pump................1C-17 Power Steering—Fluid Leaks.................1C-17 Seawater Pump—Insufficient Water Flow ................................................................1C-17 TM345A Transmission............................1C-18
Page 1C-1
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Charts Precautions For Troubleshooting ! WARNING Moving parts can cause serious injury or death. Wear eye protection and keep hands, hair, and clothing away from moving parts when performing tests or checking adjustments on an operating engine.
! WARNING Performing service or maintenance without first disconnecting the battery can cause product damage, personal injury, or death due to fire, explosion, electrical shock, or unexpected engine starting. Always disconnect the battery cables from the battery before maintaining, servicing, installing, or removing engine or drive components.
! WARNING Fuel is flammable and explosive. Ensure the key switch is off and the lanyard is positioned so that the engine cannot start. Do not smoke or allow sources of spark or open flame in the area while servicing. Keep the work area well ventilated and avoid prolonged exposure to vapors. Always check for leaks before attempting to start the engine and wipe up any spilled fuel immediately.
! WARNING Improper installation of brass fittings or plugs into the fuel pump or fuel filter base can crack the casting, causing a fuel leak and possible fire or explosion. Always install fittings and plugs correctly, and do not tighten with power tools.
! WARNING Fuel leakage is a fire or explosion hazard, which can cause serious injury or death. Periodically inspect all fuel system components for leaks, softening, hardening, swelling, or corrosion, particularly after storage. Any sign of leakage or deterioration requires replacement before further engine operation.
! WARNING Performing tests with the engine running may cause the propeller to rotate and result in serious injury or death. Use caution when performing a test that requires the engine running, and remove the propeller to avoid injury.
! WARNING Leaving the helm unattended while performing tests with the boat in the water may result in loss of boat control causing serious injury or death. Ensure someone is at the helm at all times, unless the boat is secured to a dock.
! CAUTION Failure to release pressure from the fuel system will result in fuel spraying out, which can cause a fire or explosion. Allow the engine to cool completely and release all fuel pressure before servicing any part of the fuel system. Always protect eyes and skin from pressurized fuel and vapors. Page 1C-2
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Troubleshooting
NOTICE Without sufficient cooling water, the engine, the water pump, and other components will overheat and suffer damage. Provide a sufficient supply of water to the water inlets during operation.
NOTICE Operating the engine out of the water at high speeds creates suction, which can collapse the water supply hose and overheat the engine. Do not operate the engine above 1400 RPM out of the water and without sufficient cooling water supply.
Poor Boat Performance, Poor Maneuverability, or Both IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Symptom
Cause Improper sterndrive trim angle Improper weight distribution
Bow too low
Boat is underpowered Permanent or power hook in boat bottom False bottom full of water Improperly adjusted trim tabs (after planes) Improper sterndrive trim angle Propeller pitch too great Dirty boat bottom (marine growth)
Bow too high
Poor running engine Improper weight distribution Rocker in boat bottom False bottom full of water Improperly adjusted trim tabs (after planes) Sterndrive installed too high on transom Dirty or rough boat bottom Damaged propeller; pitch too small; diameter too small
Propeller ventilating
Keel located too close to propeller or too deep in the water Water pickup or accessories located too close to propeller Hook in boat bottom Propeller fouled by debris
Improper Full Throttle Engine RPM RPM TOO HIGH IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5FTroubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC).
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Page 1C-3
Troubleshooting Cause Operation
Special Information Sterndrive trimmed up (out) too far Damaged Pitch too low
Propeller
Diameter too small Propeller hub slipping Water pickup or accessories mounted too close to propeller (ventilation) Keel located too close to propeller and/or too deep in the water (ventilation)
Boat
Sterndrive installed too high on transom Wrong gear ratio Engine coupler
Slipping or damaged and must be replaced
RPM TOO LOW IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. See Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS system for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause Operation
Special Information Sterndrive trimmed down (in) too far Damaged Pitch too great
Propeller
Diameter too great Dirty or damaged bottom Permanent or power hook in bottom False bottom full of water
Boat
Drive installed too low Excessive boat load
Engine Cranks Over But Will Not Start or Starts Hard ELECTRICAL IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Battery, electrical connections, damaged wiring, Lanyard Stop Switch
Check all circuit breakers and fuses. Repair as needed.
Ignition switch
Refer to Section 4D.
FUEL SYSTEM IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. See section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS system, for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC).
Page 1C-4
90-866942 JANUARY 2008
Troubleshooting Cause
Special Information
Empty fuel tank Fuel shut off valve closed (if equipped) Low grade, stale fuel, or water in fuel Fuel waxing or frozen water separator (cold weather) Plugged fuel suction line or filter Air leaks, suction side fuel line or water separator
Sucks air into fuel system reducing fuel volume.
Plugged or pinched fuel line Fuel tank vent plugged
Engine will start initially. After a short time running, engine will stall and will not restart for a period of time. Can verify if it is a vent problem by running engine with filler cap loose. Filler cap will act as a vent.
Fuel pump actuator
Refer to Section 5—Fuel System section. Check lanyard stop switch operation.
High pressure fuel pump
Low pump pressure. Refer to Section 5—Fuel System in this manual for diagnosis.
MISCELLANEOUS Cause
Special Information
Low grade or stale fuel. Water in fuel. Incorrect starting procedure.
Refer to the Owners Manual.
Internal mechanical damage (bent rods, etc.). Low compression.
Worn valves, rings, cylinder or head gasket.
Valve timing incorrect.
Timing gears improperly installed or cam slipped in drive gear.
Restricted or plugged exhaust.
Engine Will Not Crank Over or Starter Inoperative IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Remote control lever not in neutral position. Battery charge low, damaged wiring, loose electrical connections Circuit breaker tripped Defective (blown) fuse Defective ignition switch Defective starter solenoid Internal mechanical damage
Bent rods
Failed starter
Inspect starter and electrical connections for rust or corrosion.
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Troubleshooting
Charging System Inoperative IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Loose or broken serpentine belt Engine RPM too low on initial start
Rev engine to 1500 RPM.
Loose or corroded electrical connections Faulty battery gauge
Verify with multi‑meter and replace if necessary.
Battery will not accept charge
Low electrolyte or failed battery
Faulty alternator or regulator
Replace alternator or regulator.
Refer to Section 4BCharging System for complete diagnostic procedures
Noisy Alternator Cause
Special Information
Loose mounting bolts
Tighten fasteners if undamaged. Refer to Section 4B —Charging System.
Serpentine belt
Replace belt if worn or frayed. If loose, inspect automatic tensioner.
Loose drive pulley
Tighten fastener if undamaged. Refer to Section 4B— Charging System.
Worn or dirty bearings
Replace alternator. Refer to Section 4Charging System.
Faulty diode trio or stator
Replace alternator. Refer to Section 4B—Charging System.
Faulty armature
Rubbing, broken wire or replace alternator. Refer to Section 4B—Charging System.
Engine Operates Poorly at Idle IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System, for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Clogged air cleaner Plugged fuel suction line or filter Air leaks: suction side fuel line, water separating fuel filter or loose intake manifold Water in fuel Low grade or stale fuel Fuel waxing or frozen water separating fuel filter (cold weather) Valve timing
Cam slipped in drive gear
Restricted or plugged exhaust Injectors not functioning properly
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Troubleshooting Cause
Special Information
Low compression
Also check for defective (blown) head gasket
Water leaking into cylinders
Defective head gasket, exhaust manifold, cracked head or aftercooler
Loose or broken engine mounts Refer to Section 5—Fuel System for complete diagnostic procedures
Engine Operates Poorly At High RPM IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System, for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Refer to Section 5 for complete diagnostic procedures for the fuel injection system. See Poor Boat Performance and Poor Maneuverability troubleshooting in this section. Crankcase overfilled with oil
Check oil level with boat at rest in the water.
Plugged fuel tank vent
Loosen filler cap to act as a vent and operate engine to verify.
Low fuel supply Clogged fuel filter
Replace fuel filters.
Low grade of fuel or water in the fuel
Drain fuel tank, refill with proper fuel. Drain or replace fuel filters.
Obstructed or kinked fuel lines Injectors not functioning properly
Refer to Section 5D—Fuel Injectors.
Engine overheating
See Engine Overheat troubleshooting in this section.
Low compression
Worn valves, rings, cylinders, etc.
Restricted or plugged exhaust
Verify exhaust system is open and clear of debris.
Valve clearance or valve springs weak or broken
Adjust valve clearance or repair worn or damaged valve components.
Insufficient engine compartment ventilation Increase engine compartment ventilation. High pressure fuel pump
Worn or damaged fuel pump internal components. Repair or replace pump.
Turbocharger
Boost compensator hose broken or disconnected, intake or exhaust leaks, defective wastegate device, defective turbocharger.
Poor Fuel Economy IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System, for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Fuel leaks Operator habits
Prolonged idling; slow acceleration; failure to cut back on throttle once boat is on plane; boat overloaded; uneven weight distribution.
Engine laboring
Bent, damaged, or wrong propeller. Water test boat for proper operating RPM at WOT.
Clogged air cleaner
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Troubleshooting Cause
Special Information
Engine compartment sealed too tight
Not enough air for engine to operate properly.
Boat bottom
Dirty (marine growth), hook, rocker.
Turbocharger malfunction Improper fuel Crankcase ventilation system not working Engine operating too hot or too cold Plugged or restricted exhaust Engine
Low compression.
Injectors not functioning properly
Refer to Section 5D—Fuel Injectors.
Engine Smoking BLACK SMOKE IMPORTANT: Check for active fault codes at the beginning of any diagnostic process. Refer to Section 5F—Troubleshooting the ECS System for engine control system (ECS) and SmartCraft diagnostic trouble codes (DTC). Cause
Special Information
Overload Restricted air filter, intercooler, or both Excessive fuel delivery
Refer to Section 5—Fuel System.
Faulty injector, or injectors
Refer to Section 5—Fuel System.
Restricted or plugged exhaust Insufficient coolant temperature
Defective thermostat.
Excessive idle time (injector coking) Leaking head gaskets Worn piston rings Insufficient engine compartment ventilation
Increase combustion air supply to engine.
Low boost pressure
Check turbocharger and related parts.
BLUE SMOKE Cause
Special Information
Worn piston rings
Check compression.
Sticking piston rings
Check compression.
Crankcase overfilled—incorrect dipstick reading Leaking head gaskets High oil consumption caused by worn seals. Refer to section 7C—Turbocharger.
Turbocharger
WHITE SMOKE Cause Faulty injector or injectors
Special Information Refer to Section 5—Fuel System.
Low compression Plugged fuel suction line or filter
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