UCL- URBAN DESIGN MARCH by Zheng yun

PORTFOLIO OF ZHENG YUN SELECTED WORKS 2018-2021

APPLY FOR UCL Urban Design MArch

PROLOGUE

What is the true meaning of Urban Design? For me, I think that a qualified urban designer should have full consideration of climate and environment, humane needs, historical culture, and even residents’ emotion and feelings of the place to design functional space for users and establish harmonious relationship between people and the space. In modern society, we are facing many global problems, such as environmental deterioration, climate change, and epidemics, as an urban design student, I am eager to study more advanced knowledge and techniques to improve modern people’s life through urban design and make some contributions to our living environment. I have been thinking of effective methods to deal with modern people’s relationship with our living environment by urban design, and undertaking many attempts through practical projects in university. I think that the urban designer should take responsibility for building beautiful, sustainable, and functional space to realize its practical purpose as well as ecological values. In modern society, we are facing more and more challenges from our surroundings so that I am dedicated to researching urban renewal and find more possibilities to realize harmonious coexistence in new environment.

CONTENTS

01 CORAL GARDEN Landscape architecture design based on coral protection and diving tourism development in Havana, Cuba

02 OASIS PURIFICATION SYSTEM Ecological and community-oriented landscape architecture design based on the COVID-19 epidemic background in Futian, Shenzhen

03 PORT REVIVAL Urban design based on industrial heritage transformation and public space penetration in Qingdao Port, China

04 LIVING WITH FLOOD An ecological restoration -based approach to urban development for the floodplain villages of Tonle Sap Lake，Cambodia

05 OTHER WORKS

co2

co23 +

CaCo 3

CORAL GARDEN Landscape architecture design based on coral protection and diving tourism development in Havana, Cuba Individual work Dec. 2021

Coral reefs are facing significant challenges from human activities including pollution, over-fishing, physical destruction, and climate change. In the latter case, greenhouse gas emission scenarios are likely drive the elimination of most warm-water coral reefs by 2040–2050. Urgent research into artificial coral insemination and coral reef growth is required if we are to avoid further disappearing of reefs. This project involves research on the reproduction, selection and growth of corals. The coral reefs off the coast of Havana, Cuba are selected for protection design, which will protect the corals and promote the development of local tourism. The proposal is aimed at an underwater coral garden, corresponding to the growth cycle of corals, through a series of designs to protect corals and combat environmental impacts. For example, coral electrodes can generate electric current, which is low enough for divers to swim around the structure but strong enough to create an electric field around the frame which condenses dissolved calcium carbonate out of seawater and attaches itself to the steel frame in order to build the limestone skeleton. These frameworks can provide a better growth environment for juvenile corals until they reach adulthood, and workers can remove adult corals and plant them on declining coral reefs to restore coral ecology. Coral gardens not only provide protection for corals, but also provide a potential tourist resource for the local area. Visitors can watch corals by snorkeling and scuba diving.The undersea tunnel connecting the shore and the sea visitor center provides visitors who cannot dive with the opportunity to watch corals. At the same time, visitors can also experience and learn about coral protection at the coral protection center. The income from tourism will provide funds for coral reef research, and this scale can be expanded to solve the current global coral reef loss problem.

no Ta

0.8

an Ch

e at

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n tectio Coastal Pro

197

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0.25

0.3

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%）

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1985

0.3

c or al c ov 0.4 er 0 （

Po l

198

)

ogen from nitr s

ver ( %

o utf alls

0.0

al co

Cor

0.2

L an

0.4

0.6

ECOSYSTEM SERVIC ES

e v e n ts a c h in g r a l b le r face temperatures (SST) e co su l a a e c s s d gelevate nce to the coral reefs. Lar by e isturba sed est d t u a a e c r g e th are

TS & REA

25 30 35

1995

Coral reefs 0 02

Number of species <50

500

Reefs at risk

CO2

high

low

+ HCO- + H

CO2 + H2 O

H + CO3 2

HCO30

CO 2+ 3 + CO3

CaCO3 (coral)

400

600

800

2010

201

Ec osy stem

2000

( CO

) (μmol kg-1

200

)

400 600

800

m ris Tou

( CO 23 ) at (ppm) m

ea n

di fi c

Organisms of the coral reef

Healthy coral

Bleached coral

Dead coral covered in algae

40 Coral cover (%)

Algae cover (%)

35 polyps

30 25 20 15 10 1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Biod iver sity

p of d-u g in buil the e slow an n e h dt twe oce s be CO2 an due to tion. e g a a Link spheric cation acidific ifi o atm ral calc o c of

Ser v ices

-0.3

0.0

0.3

0.6

1970

GEOGRAPHICAL & TOURISM POTENTIAL MAPPING OF CUBA

CUBA

Coral reef systems in Cuba

Code

Reef system

Havana

Land-based pollution illegal fishing

Artemisa

Bay

Los Colorados

Punta Frances

Tourist facilities

Cayo

Tourist facilities

Ancon

Tourist facilities illegal fishing

Jardines de la Reina

Main sources of anthropogenic stressors

Tourist facilities

Natural Resources Coral reef Mangrove forest Ocean current

Tourism Potential Dive site Main city Highway Airport Population density

High

N Low 0 25

100km

Sewage outlet

GEOGRAPHICAL & TOURISM POTENTIAL MAPPING OF HAVANA Foreign Arrivals 2006 /07 /08 /09 /10 /11 /12 /13 /14 /15 /16 /17 /18

/19 2020

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5 (million)

Travel destination

Coral reef Urban area Commercial land Park land 1/ ye ar

Water

22 26,

1km

SITE

2km

Diversifying Tourist Offerings Medical Tourism

3 million

The tourism industry in Havana is expected to explode. Havana, the capital of Cuba and a world heritage city, has abundant tourism resources and convenient transportation conditions. Only cruise ships and airplanes can receive nearly 5.5 million people each year.

Eco-Adventure Tourism 2 million

Cruise Ships 1 million

2010

Hotel

0km

Dive site

15 00

,00

0.5

2015

2020

In addition, the coral reefs on the west side of the coast of Havana are unique in the entire Cuban coral system. The coral reefs in Havana stretch for nearly 200km, providing unique ecosystems and species diversity for the coast, and offering tourism value such as diving and snorkeling for the society. This is a condition that other coral systems in Cuba do not have.

SITE ENVIRONMENT & TRAVEL RESOURCES als by Month

Tourist Arriv

521,422

459,417

489,618

458

,104

dis

FEB.

JAN.

sti

8,3

MAR

)

81.7

1.82

2.1

7.1

3.8

87.8

84.6

)

79.7

2.27(in

235,613

OCT.

Festival of the Theater

SEP.

81.9

3.48

NOV. DEC.

Park

201,321

OCT.

ecipitation (in) ge P r

7.11

SEP.

G AU

9 5.6

G AU

ra Ave

,310 269

MAR. APR. MA . FEB. Y. JAN JU

L. JU

2.4

2.7

83.5

5,0

(° F

78.4

mperature (° F) ge Te

27 AY .

ra Ave

iva rn

a We

in H a va n a th e r

Beach

New Yea r Ev g

ent

701 De 25m: n div se an d ers spo e n bra ges, n oct ching o bla coral , ck cor als

awnin

,690

507 Ag 0m: a comricia S P abu mon P, to n den dant , se spo n Ha ges,& lim SPP eda

378

DEC

Sed i or ment con , ru tinu bbl ing e ree f

Coral sp

333,86

NOV.

Reef

ity

30m De ep

For eR

eef

(30

80m 100

50m

De n spo se cor nge als, s,& gor alg gon ae ian s

-50

Ver t 1-3 ical w all m wit cav h e led s & ges (80 -12 5m )

150

The site is selected on the tourist coast 10km from the old city of Havana. The existing tourist resources along the coast are relatively rich, including marine parks, beaches, surfing areas, jet skis, etc. It is worth mentioning that the surrounding communities will also host a wealth of activities, such as summer campfires, music festivals, rumba performances and so on. The traffic around the site is very convenient, and the longitudinal road network can directly reach the coast. Existing hotels, inns, restaurants, yacht centers, shopping centers also provide comprehensive service facilities for the tourism industry. Through the analysis of the seabed on the shoreline, the 30m deep fore reef is rich in species diversity and ornamental. This area is also a safe area for scuba diving and snorkeling. It can be seen from the map that the deep fore reefs of Havana are distributed 200-300m from the coast and can be reached by swimming or tourist boats.

MASTERPLAN N

Gulf of Mexico

Coral cultivation area

Tourist service area

Shoal rock

Tourist marina Working marina Coral reef Diving area Coral Sanctuary

A-A SECTION

0m Coral species 10m

Siderastrea radians，Porites astroides

20m

Siderastrea siderea，Agaricia agaricites， Dicochoenia stokeisi，

30m

Montastraea cavernosa，Millepora alcicornis， Diploria strigosa，Porites porites

100m

CORAL GROWTH CYCLE & CORAL BREEDING

Larvae To overview of coral biology. Corals form massive reef structures made of calcium carbonate as their skeleton. The live coral tissue is at the surface of this rock, where colonies of polyps cover the skeleton. Inside the polyps, single-celled algal symbionts live in specialized tissues. The reasons that affect the ecology of corals include rising water temperature, seawater acidification, sunlight, etc.

Settlers Gametes

In the selection of coral species, based on the local species composition, several coral species with strong environmental resistance or restoration are selected, as follows: The least susceptible to bleaching : S. intersepta Brooding species: A. agaricites \ P. astreoides The most resistant to environmental stress : S. radians \ M. cavernosa

Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Fragments

Regarding the cultivation of corals, corresponding to the growth cycle of corals, a series of designs are adopted to protect corals against environmental impacts. For example, coral electrodes. This current is low enough for divers to swim around the structure, but compared to corals, it is strong enough to generate an electric field around the frame to condense the dissolved calcium carbonate from the sea water and attach itself to the steel. On the frame, to build a limestone skeleto

Juveniles Adults

TYPOLOGY

Coral culture pond

Vertical coral stand

Undersea tunnel

Radiation protection

Coral garden

Coral nursery

Coral electrode

Marina

Diving training pool

OASIS PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Ecological and community-oriented landscape architecture design based on the COVID-19 epidemic background in Futian, Shenzhen Individual work Jun. 2020

The rapid spread of the novel coronavirus(COVID-19)from late 2019 to early 2020 poses a huge challenge to the public health of China and the world．When assessing the risk of the epidemic in Chinese cities, Shenzhen, as a super-large city with high population density and high mobility, has a high risk of epidemic transmission and is greatly impacted by the epidemic. The Shenzhen government has adopted many restrictive public health measures, such as isolation, mandatory wearing of masks, prohibition of multi-person gatherings, and suspension of public services. Although these measures have successfully restricted the community spread of the epidemic in most areas, the spread of the epidemic can only occur in the family at most. However, living in an urban environment vulnerable to infectious diseases, in order to cope with the uncertainty of the future, this project takes Shenzhen’s densely populated urban village as an example to explore how to design outdoor urban spaces to promote the health and happiness of urban residents . On the background of the crucial epidemic situation, this work would be aimd at simulating the wind environment of residential outdoor living space by using CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) . Through the simulation, I got the wind speed and pressure conditions in the outdoor space, the dissipation ability of outdoor air micoorganisms (bacteria, viruses), and risk assessment of infectious disease transmission. We can see from the imformation that the excessively building density leads to low outdoor wind speed and still wind zone. When the wind pressure difference is less than 0.5Pa, it is not conducive to the natural dissipation of outdoor pollutants, and the risk of infectious disease transmission will be higher. Regarding the plant selection of the site, from the local green plants in Shenzhen, the green plants are divided into four parts: trees, shrubs, herbs, and vines. The air purification ability and sterilization ability are evaluated, and green plants with high ecological purification ability are selected, combined, and put into the site greening system. The entire ecological purification system is divided into three parts: the triangular area in the center of the site is a community oasis transformed by the existing square, the ecological purification system that penetrates into the site, the vertical wall planting and the ventilation corridor on the roof. In the design, the site is divided into regular grids through a vertical cross path network of 6*6feets. The personal spaces on the ground are arranged around the path network, and the specific shapes and plant scenery make the residents perceive that each space is only used by one person. In addition, these spaces can still be used as public spaces in the community after the epidemic.

How outdoor urban spaces in Shenzhen after Covid-19 pandemic should be ?

The rapid spread of the novel coronavirus(COVID-19)from late 2019 to early 2020 poses a huge challenge to the public health of China and the world. When assessing the risk of the epidemic in Chines mobility, has a high risk of epidemic transmission and is greatly impacted by the epidemic. The Shenzhen government has adopted many restrictive public health measures, such as isolation, mandato of public services. Although these measures have successfully restricted the community spread of the epidemic in most areas, the spread of the epidemic can only occur in the family at most. Howeve cope with the uncertainty of the future, this project takes Shenzhen’s densely populated urban village as an example to explore how to design outdoor urban spaces to promote the health and happine

Distribution of China's COVID-19 risk

Dynamic changes in the risk index of COVID-19 spread in some cities

COVID-19 Spread Risk Index

1000 800

Shenzhen

600 400 200 0 -200 -400

COVID-19 Cases

Launch unexplained pneumonia response

15 10 5 0

Life in urban villages during the epidemic

Closed community management

Work at home

Lack of public space

Delayed start of school

Open case stay in hospital for observation

Wear masks in public places

Start a major infectious disease Prevention and control mechanism

Start COVID-19 nucleic acid testing

Launch the city's disease control system emergency response

Found the first case of COVID-19 cause in Shenzhen

Distribution of COVID-19 cases in Shenzhen by time

Stop gathering activities

-600

The history of Shenzhen City Village

se cities, Shenzhen, as a super-large city with high population density and high ory wearing of masks, prohibition of multi-person gatherings, and suspension er, living in an urban environment vulnerable to infectious diseases, in order to ess of urban residents .

In 1979, China began to implement the reform and opening policy. As the first "test ground" for reform and opening up, Shenzhen established the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in 1980.

The 1982 "Regulations on Land Use of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone" required that the area of villagers' newly built housing bases generally does not exceed 80 square meters, so a grid pattern with 80 square meters as the base area is formed.

City village area Case point (Before January) Case point (After January) Wind direction Wind pressure High Population density High

Low In 1980s, the economy of the special economic zone was developing rapidly, a large number of migrants entered, and there was a huge demand for rental housing. Driven by economic , villagers began to expand their houses as much as possible, and the original courtyard was filled with houses.

Low

At present, there are about 1892 urban village units in Shenzhen, bringing about 350,000 buildings, which is estimated to provide living space for Shenzhen's more than 10 million people, accounting for 70% of the population.

Wind environment & Distribution of Covid-19 cases mapping of Shenzhen

Nucleic acid amplification testing

Encourage hawker economy

Resumption of production and work

Start community closure

Start community prevention and control

It can be seen from the mapping that the distribution of Covid-19 infection cases and urban villages are highly overlapped. High-density city villages are mostly distributed in the low wind pressure area of Shenzhen, which is also not conducive to the dissipation of the virus.

Found the first imported case from abroad

Social isolation

Community street stall

WIND ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION OF EXISTING SITUATION Because of the lack of affordable housing to keep up with the development of urbanization, migrant workers gather in Shenzhen’s urban villages, living in crowded conditions and poor sanitary situation, resulting in high risks of disease transmission. On the background of the crucial COVID-19 epidemic situation, this work would be aimd at simulating the wind environment of residential outdoor living space by using CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics). Through the simulation, I got the wind speed and pressure conditions in the outdoor space, the dissipation ability of outdoor air micoorganisms (bacteria, viruses), and risk assessment of infectious disease transmission. We can see from the imformation that the excessively building density leads to low outdoor wind speed and still wind zone.When the wind pressure less than 0.5Pa, it is not conducive to the natural dissipation of outdoor pollutants, and the risk of infectious disease transmission will be higher.

High risk area

Velocity, m/s 1.01

1.42 1.21

1.82 1.62

2.23 2.02

3.04

2.63 2.43

2.83

3.24

Prussure, Pa 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.61 0.81 1.01 1.21

1.42 1.62

1.82

2.02 2.23 2.43

Site status

Population composition Gender composition of patients 43% 42%

58% （%） 0 10 0-9

57% 60

The proportion of patients within the age group to the total number of patients

24.8%

10-19 20-29

Vacant square

Crowded stall

12%

30-39 40-49

47.9%

50-59 60-69

7.7% 70-79 7.6% Occupy the sidewalk

Random parking

The proportion of deaths within the age g to the total number of deaths

>80 （%） 0 5

group

DESIGN STRATEGY

Square (Current Situation) Pedestrian Only

Underground Parking Parking Entrance

Isolate people and vehicles

Optimize outdoor ventilation by demolishing and retreating buildings

Demolished Buildings Remain Buildings

Wind environment af ter design Reduce the still wind zone

Prussure, Pa 1.42 2.02 2.43 3.13

Occupancy Renting Owning 74%

26%

The user population is mainly occupied by tenants

From the statistics of the table, it can be concluded that the patients are concentrated in the 30-69 age group , and the risk of death increases with age.

Design a plant ecological purification system on the main ventilation corridor to optimize the site wind environment

Ecological Corridor Green Space Walking Street

OASIS PURIFICATION SYSTEM Regarding the plant selection of the site, from the local green plants in Shenzhen, the green plants are divided into four parts: trees, shrubs, herbs, and vines. The air purification ability and sterilization ability are evaluated, and green plants with high ecological purification ability are selected, combined, and put into the site greening system. The entire ecological purification system is divided into three parts: the triangular area in the center of the site is a community oasis transformed by the existing square, the ecological purification system that penetrates into the site, the vertical wall planting and the ventilation corridor on the roof. In the design, the site is divided into regular grids through a vertical cross path network of 6*6feets. The personal spaces on the ground are arranged around the path network, and the specific shapes and plant scenery make the residents perceive that each space is only used by one person. In addition, these spaces can still be used as public spaces in the community after the epidemic.

Ground green Central oasis Roof garden Commercial street

PLANT PURIFIER STRATEGY

Green plants can absorb carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen to purify the air. At the same time, they can also release VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds). Through scientific research, these VOCs have been identified as multiple types of bactericidal organic matter.

da l

CFU/

Bac

ter

i ci

Pathogen

ic an

o ht Attac Dust retention per unit leaf area

PM2.5

Square Street Park

Release VOCs

Seasonal changes in the concentration of airborne pathogenic microorganisms in different regions

t / Month

The increase in plant surface roughness, the fluff on the leaf surface, the secreted metabolites, etc., can effectively trap dust and reduce the concentration of inhalable particles in the air, which also cuts off the route of virus transmission through aerosols.

The Pathogen will parasitize on dust particles, and attach to these solid or gaseous particles, and finally form a gaseous dispersion system (that is, aerosol). -2

g .m 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2

Scanning electron microscopy images of the 3 types of plants

0.0 Arbor

Shrub

Herb

Particle size distribution of retained dust on leaves of the Common plants in Shenzhen

Plant purification ability analysis & Plant combination types 9

Sweetgum

Taxus chinensis

Fragrans

Elaeocarpus sylvestris

Flame tree

Albizzia julibrissin

Frangipani

8 Cycad

Fragrans

7 Camphor

Pittosporum tobira

Magnolia denudata

Taxus chinensis

3 Juniper

2 Podocarpus macrophyllus

1 Inus elliottii

Arbor

15 30 (%)

Shrub

Arachis duranensis

Quisqualis indica

Jasminum mesnyi

Honeysuckle

Thunbergia grandiflora

Mucuna birdwoodiana

Clerodendrum inerme

Pyrostegia venusta

Altemanthera versicolor

Camellia chrysantha 3

Allamanda cathartica

2 Rhoeo discolor

Bougainvillea

Herb

Melastoma candidum

30 (%)

Zoysia tenuifolia

Common jasmin orange

30 (%)

Vine 0 15 30 (%)

Purifying forest

Dense vegetation

Trails

Purifying forest

4 Dense vegetation

Trails

Roof green shelf

Green wall

Roof green shelf

SPACES SUITABLE FOR NON-PANDEMIC & PANDEMIC Although maintaining social distancing seems to be a necessary practice for health at the moment, it may have a certain impact on people's mental health. The grid design of 6*6feets can create a safe space for communities to get along during the epidemic, and prevent the spread of viruses in public spaces as much as possible. In the commercial area along the street, the grid can flexibly divide the street space according to the social isolation distance, minimizing the impact of the epidemic. These flexible spaces can also meet special needs during the epidemic, such as nucleic acid testing and group vaccination. The vertical wall planting and roof ventilation corridor provide a powerful purification function for improving the wind environment of the site, and provide residents with activity space and viewing functions.

Food

stall

rea Play a

tion

l isola

Socia

6feets

m Pande

andem Non-P Food

booth ic Nucle

tation

sting S

Acid Te

m Pande

andem Non-P

tion

tion sta

a Vaccin

andem Non-P

m Pande

Central oasis Roof garden Ground green

Commercial street

6feets

24feets 12feets

48feets

MASTERPLAN 20

A-A SECTION

B-B SECTION

In view of the rainy climate in Shenzhen, rainwater collection facilities have been installed on the roof, which can be used to irrigate ver tical wall plantings and lawns along the pipeline. Rainwater can be collected through plant basins and seep into drainage pipes. The ground uses permeable pavement to purify the rainwater that seeps in.

Shenzhen is deeply affected by the monsoon. The southeast wind prevails in summer, and the monsoon is low from time to time. The weather is relatively dry. The entire ecological oasis purification system can cool the hot southeast wind and purify the toxic air, and Create the landscape for the residents.

PORT REVIVAL

Urban design based on industrial heritage transformation and public space penetration in Qingdao Port, China Individual work May. 2019

Qingdao is a city with very rich tourism resources. It has not only the rich and diverse marine culture formed by the unique tourism resources, but also the cultural tourism resources left by the vicissitudes of modern history, such as European-style buildings. In recent years, industrial tourism based on the opening of old industrial plants has gradually become an important part of Qingdao's tourism resources. The tourism economy is one of the three major characteristic economies in Qingdao. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 1990s, Qingdao has been an important tourist city in China, and its overseas tourism market and domestic tourism market have been showing good and rapid growth. Qingdao Port, as an old industrial wharf that records the history of Qingdao's industrial development, is currently facing land transformation. The newly-built Qingdao cruise home port is reopened to the public for passenger transportation and tourism. The entire terminal area will serve as a new business and tourism center serving the city, radiating and driving the city to the north and rejuvenating the old city in the west. The design will take Qingdao Cruise Terminal as the first-level core, extending north along the coastline, and gradually infiltrating the public space inside the site. The second-level (Pier Theater) and third-level (Stadium) cores are designed in sequence, and the public service level gradually declines, and the service groups are different. From south to north, there are business areas, cultural areas, and sports areas. The highline park and the tide park of the dock connect them to form an open space network. The public spaces placed under this network will be more flexible and mixable. The High Line Park was transformed from an abandoned railway to solve the problem of site fragmentation caused by the elevated, and connect the subway station, the building complex and the surrounding neighborhoods to improve accessibility and interaction. The High Line Park was transformed from an abandoned railway to solve the problem of site fragmentation caused by the elevated, and connect the subway station, the building complex and the surrounding neighborhoods to improve accessibility and interaction.

GEOGRAPHICAL & TOURISM POTENTIAL MAPPING OF QINGDAO

Industrial transformation

Museum

Exhibition hall

Commercial street

Industrial heritage Industrial land Wharf Tourism sea area Natural wetland Artificial wetland Salt land Metro line（building） Metro line

N 0

Qingdao Cruise line

Foreign tourist arrivals

4km

Total tourist arrivals 1113

180

202

86 72

20 1

2019

4.3

Fukuoka Nagasaki

153.57

Jeju

2018

Busan Shimonoseki

9849

Qingdao

0.2

Incheon Qingdao, Shandong

20 20

.65

Unit: ten thousand people

URBANISM DEVELOPMENT

Germany borrowed Jiaozhou Bay, the Qing government was forced to agree, the two sides signed the Ten Articles of the 'SinoGerman Jiaoao Land Lease Treaty'

1899 The German government built the Jiaoji Railway and Qingdao port

1898

1913

Port Wetland

1914 Japan invaded Qingdao, and signed the "21 Regulations" with the Chinese government Qingdao port quickly opened up as commercial ports

Commercial land Traffic land 1922

1919 The May 4th Movement

1921-1922 Conference of Washington China and Japan signed "Treaty for the Settlement of Shandong Unsuccessful Cases" 1931 The Qingdao port was opened to the public

1933

Commercial land Financial land Traffic land Industrial land

1935 1938 The Qingdao port was turned into a Japanese military port

1938 Japan launched its second war of aggression against China 1949

1949 The People's Republic of China was founded, and Qingdao port became an Industrial port Traffic land Industrial land

2017 The industrial ports moved to Huangdao

2017

Commercial land Traffic land Industrial land (To be transformed) Built Qingdao Cruise Terminal on Qingdao 6 pier

PUBLIC SPACE VITALITY EVALUATION & TRAVEL RESOURCES N

1km

2km

sfer Tran on

gs h

Business Center Tourism Destination

Bus

ines

s Ce

nter

ng Taido

ine Bus

nt Ce

Park Land Coastal Scenic Area

Space Vitality

e sin Bu

r te

n Ce

ng Kon g

Mi d

dle

Road

Busines s Center

0km

High

Low

TRANSFER OF BUSINESS CENTER 1980-2000 Zhongshan Road Business Center

City Worker

Low-end format

Business

The walking system is not perfect

Holiday Maker

Hong Kong Middle Road Business Center

Green space Business

The Rsident

2000

Join the public space

City Worker Business

Create connectivity between groups

Holiday Maker

The overall scale is too large

The local Visitor

T h e f u n c t i o n of p u b l i c buildings is relatively single

City Worker Business

Future

Cruise Terminal

20%

The Rsident

Cultural space Qingdao Port Business Center

The local Visitor

Lack of open space Business

2000-2020

1980

J o i n t h e c i t y 's c u l t u r a l service facilities

Holiday Maker

C re a t e m o re m i x i b l e & flexible public space

The local Visitor

Create more convenient connection between groups

The Rsident

Future 37%

USER ANALYSIS User Classification

Service Level Comunity Service Center

Sport Place

The Rsident

Community sport place Regional sport place

Market

Shops Community Park

Low

Metropolitan Park Park

The Local Visitor

Linear Park

Museums/ Tourist Destination/ Art Galleries

Medium Community Square Plaza&Square

Transport Plaza Waterfront Plaza Music Square

Cafes/ Bars/ Restaurants

Holiday Maker Cinemas/ Concert venues/ Theatres

Historic Buildings Flexible

City Worker Bisness/Conference Delegate

Offices/ Work Place High

20176

ic ph

0 02

（Ho

s itie

itie

m om

Stadium

Pier Theater

Gymna

sium（

Old fac

tory）

Subway Station

City Living

Room

Qingdao Cruise Terminal Exhib

ition

Cent

er（

Old

The design will take Qingdao Cruise Terminal as the first-level core, extending north along the coastline, and gradually infiltrating the public space inside the site. The second-level (Pier Theater) and third-level (Stadium) cores are designed in sequence, and the public service level gradually declines, and the service groups are different. From south to north, there are business areas, cultural areas, and sports areas. The high-line park and the tide park of the dock connect them to form an open space network. The public spaces placed under this network will be more flexible and mixed. The Railway Park was transformed from an abandoned railway to solve the problem of site fragmentation caused by the elevated, and connect the subway station, the building complex and the surrounding neighborhoods to improve accessibility and interaction.

Silo）

DESIGN STRATEGY

ouse

hold

）

5（

old

）

Railway Park

Railway Park (Abandoned Railway)

Cultural corridor

Commercial street

Financial office land Commercial land

Yacht Clu

Cultural land Tide park Sports land

High service level Medium Low Center

ANNUAL ACTIVITIES

ilw

Pa rk (S

ilw

Pa rk

)

g Jo

Tra

o Po l a

fic

din

il Bu

ity

r Pa y a S ilw q

rra l Te

Tid

rsh

r vi

p eS

DAILY ACTIVITIES 6：30

7：30

Commute

8：00

Work

9：30

leisure

Entertainment

10：30

Sport

11：30

13：30

18：30

20：30

22：00

LIVING WITH FLOOD An Ecological Restoration -based approach to urban development for the floodplain villages of Tonle Sap Lake， Cambodia Individual work Nov. 2019 Tonle Sap Lake, located in the west of Cambodia, is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia and has many floating villages. During the rainy season from June to November each year, the water level rises sharply, reaching a maximum of nine meters. When the surrounding forest is submerged, the area of Tonle Sap Lake can be expanded to more than five times that of the dry season. Tonle Sap Lake supports many floating fishing villages to engage in a large number of fish breeding and fishing industries, providing a solid resource guarantee for the development and prosperity of the Khmer nation. However, in the past ten years, the ecology of the Tonle Sap Lake area has been severely damaged. Years of overfishing and discharge of domestic sewage have pushed Tonle Sap Lake into a dangerous decline. The land around the lake was burned by farmers, loggers and locals who wanted to clear the land for agriculture. The resources of Tonle Sap Lake are depleting, forests and fish are taken away, and surrounding villages are more vulnerable to flooding. Rice production in this area is relatively large, but due to flooding, the output is unstable. As a measure to cope with the shortage of rice, farmers engage in aquaculture to increase their income. However, the depletion of fish and the threat of floods have greatly reduced the income of aquaculture. The decrease in income has also caused a series of social problems in this area, such as poverty and disease. This project is located in a floating village on the north side of Tonle Sap Lake. Through a series of ecological designs, the villagers’ production and living behaviors are optimized, the impact of human activities on the environment is restored, and a positive feedback is formed with the original ecology of Tonle Sap Lake. The optimized production and living system can provide higher income and a better living environment to alleviate local poverty and health problems caused by depletion of resources. The new agricultural and aquaculture system combines floating rice with fish farming and is fixed on the river bank through a series of driftwood structures and anchors. These structures can rise and float with the water surface. The upper layer is for rice cultivation and the lower layer is for fish farming. This system can effectively reduce the threat of floods. Floating rice and fish can provide nutrients to each other and increase yields. The same structure can also be used for floating vegetable gardens. Floating gardens inserted between floating buildings can provide villagers with a supply of vegetables and spices to cope with floods and insufficient arable land. Through the renovation of houses, the plan adds a trading center, Agricultural Technology Center, fish processing plant, ice factory, foreign tourist restaurant, etc. to support the village’s secondary and tertiary industries. The newly added sewage treatment system can better protect the health of water bodies and villagers.

300 250 200 150

CY CL

T IN

V ER

N Rain Fall (mm)

SITE ANALYSIS

IO BT

100

EC OL OG

Tonle S

as Wet Se

1000 bodia

Cam

600

May

July June

Aug

Oct

Nov

Jan Dec

Feb

March

May

200

Sept

400

April

Water Level (cm)

Flood threat & Natural resource mapping of Tonle Sap

800

Flood Threat

middle

Feces

nc s ta

oT onlé Sap

Mangrove forest

La ke

CO 2

es t

Mangrove deforestation area

Urine

o l l u ti n se of P g

high

D ai

Graywater

l Re

low

olum lease (v Total re TSS 661

Flood zone

Tonle Sap, the largest freshwater body in Southeast Asia, supports a large fish-breeding and fish-harvesting industry, with numerous floating villages. The ecological richness of Tonle Sap is sustained by an annual pulse of wate r that enters the lake during the June–November rainy season from the Mekong and other rivers. When the surrounding forests are inundated, Tonle Sap can expand more than five times its dry-season size. But things are no longer normal in the Tonle Sap area. Years of overfishing and discharging domestic sewage have pushed Tonle Sap into dangerous decline. Land around the lake is burned by farmers, loggers, and locals looking to clear land for agriculture. Tonle Sap is running dry, taking forests and fish with it，even more threatened by floods. The decline of resources has also exacerbated local social problems, including poverty, Health problem, and so on.

ces

tan g subs Pollutin DO 6.5

f Population Living Below Propor tion o

Ve ge Fru Nu it ts Leg tab W and um les ho se es le Re gr ed s es d se me ains d Po me ats lyu a ns atu M ts rat Fib ilk Om ed re fat e g Tra a So ns f 3 Ca diumat lcii m Pr oc

the N

ation

1 3.

r it

Lin

r ty

al P ove

ba la

0 10 %

5 12

CO 2

0 15

ov gr

% 175

e fo

a t io

00% >2

t res

N 2

7.2%

Rice 5

9% reals 1. and ce Maize % .6 bles 0 Vegeta

N CH 2 4 CO 2

r Sand

Rive Mining

_ 3

CO 2

+ NH 4

_ 2

COD

500

400

300

200

100

g Fishermen Over fishin

tons)

00 h (x10 c t a C h

Fis

SITE ENVIRONMENT & RESOURCES

5km

SITE

5km

SITE

lysis

l ana

r leve Wate

Water plant Village Temple Commercial fishiing lots

ater

on w seas Dr y rs wate son y sea Rain area ting plan Rice

Community fishing lots Fishing restricted area Fishing dependence High-Low Flood boundary

gree

n de

utio r poll

Wate

DESIGN STRATEGY

Develop the new agricultural and aquaculture system to reduce the impact of flooding

High iddle

Develop the cropping patterns including vegetables to promote nutrition and income generation

Low

Build

men

ssess

isk a ing r

Develop the fisheries value chains and value addition Promot techniques for nutrient recycling on farms Increase sewage treatment system to protect water and residents' health

Low

High

Increase public space to meet the cultural and production needs of residents

20km

MASTERPLAN

Floating Vegetable Garden

Rest Stop Agricultural Technology Center Seed Bank Training Center Fingerling Rearing Center

Floating Rice Planting Area

Village Service Center Fish Processing Factory Ice Factory

Tourist Service Center

Tourist Restaurant Hostel

Government Office Fishery Office

Trading Center Gas Station

Temple

Sewage Treatment Plant

100m

AGRICULTURE & AQUACULTURE SYSTEM According to the survey conducted in floating villages around Tonle Sap Lake, the area has a large production volume of rice in rain-fed paddy fields but the production is unstable due to the change in precipitation. As a measure to cope with the shortage of rice, farmers are engaged in aquaculture to increase income. The new agricultural and aquaculture system combines floating rice with Fish farming and is fixed on the river bank through a series of driftwood structures and anchors. These structures can rise and float with the water surface. The upper layer is for rice cultivation and the lower layer is for fish farming. This system can effectively reduce the threat of floods. Rice and fish can provide nutrients to each other and increase yields. The same structure can also be used for floating gardens. Floating gardens inserted between floating buildings can provide villagers with a supply of vegetables and spices to cope with floods and insufficient arable land.

hnology Cente

Agricultural Tec

Agricultural

DEC.

produce

on rice

Early——seas

season rice

Medium——

on rice

Late——seas

Floating rice

Fish

Rice nursery

Transplantatio

Harvest

April & Planting rice Harvesting fish

ric ul tu re is Tr ad iti on al ag oding flo to vulnerable

Income

Price

1.6

TFR

4.85

970

200

Flaoting rice

$ / ha 344 140

304

190

Other costs $ / ha 220

930

200

4.65

HYV

Chemical costs

USD$ / ha

USD$ / t

t / ha

August raise fish Putting cages to

g rice returns

YV and floatin

mbodian H mparison of Ca Yield

Water level (cm)

re Calendar

& Aquacultu

V. P. OCT. NO JUL. AUG. SE MAY. JUN. R. AP . AR M JAN. FEB.

Agriculture

180

structure

Crop

Cow dug, dir

t, compost acinths

More water hy

Buoy

Log hs

Water hyacint

Flood water

Fish cage

Anchor

November m the cages Putting fish fro

Vegetables Species Moringa Morning glory Water Mimosa Rice Paddy Herb

January Harvesting rice

Paddys Lucerne

s Smartweed

Factory Fish Processing oked fish）、Making sm （Marinating

epis Cirrhinus microl s apogon Cyclocheilichthy s enoplos Cyclocheilichthy siamensis Fish Species Henicorhynchus anopleurus Osteochilus mel 42

Anchor Domestic Sewage Treatment System

Sewage Treatment Plant

Wet season water level

Dry season water level

Wedding

Trading Day

Rice Fields

Trading Center 45

Tourist Restaurant

Rest Stop 46

OTHER WORKS Village Planning Competition & Sketches

01 Traditional Village Protection and Renewal Planning Summer, 2020 Anshun，Guizhou， China

We went deep into the ancient village of Anshun , Guizhou Province for nearly a week of field research, visited local villages, and collected a large number of videos and pictures about the structure and current situation of local ancient buildings. After sorting and classifying them one by one, a set of detailed plans for the hierarchical protection of ancient buildings was produced. In the research on traditional villages, we realize the importance of innovating traditional buildings and traditional villages. Under the condition of maintaining the existing traditional architectural style, indoors, through the replacement of internal functions of buildings, to meet the modern life of residents demand; for the outdoor village space, we start by analyzing the production, life, customs and culture of the villagers to discuss the applicability of the traditional village space.

Sketches

ZHENG YUN 1454638136@qq.com