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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
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)BTUB BIPSB FM UVSJTNP -(5# FO MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB FSB NVZ QVOUVBM -B BQVFTUB EFM OVFWP HPCJFSOP BVUPOÎNJDP FT GJSNF QBSB JNQVMTBSMP
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"
0SPQFTB EFM .BS $BTUFMMÎO EJTQPOF EF LJMÎNFUSPT EF DPTUB DPO TJFUF NBHOÈGJDBT QMBZBT '050 (7"
1MBZBT -B $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB PGSFDF VO DMJNB JEFBM Z QMBZBT EF BHVBT DSJTUBMJOBT EF HSBO CFMMF[B $BSBDUFSÑTUJDBT RVF IBDFO RVF BÕP USBT BÕP MBT QMBZBT EF $BTUFMMÖO 7BMFODJB Z "MJDBOUF TFBO EFTUJOP QSFEJMFDUP QBSB EJTGSVUBS MBT WBDBDJPOFT
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
1MBZBT 7BMFODJB-B DBQJUBM
-BT QMBZBT EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB QVFEFO QSFTVNJS EF FTUBS FOUSF MBT NFKPSFT EF &TQBÕB Z EF TFS DPOPDJEBT FO &VSPQB QPS TVT TFSWJDJPT Z DBMJEBE PCUVWJFSPO CBOEFSBT B[VMFT FO &OPSNFT BSFOBMFT Z SJODPOFT TFDSFUPT FOUSF BDBOUJMBEPT WÑSHFOFT RVF FOBNPSBO B TVT WJTJUBOUFT
7BMFODJB 5SFT FYDFMFOUFT QMBZBT DPO CBOEFSB B[VM B NJOVUPT EFM DFOUSP EF MB DJVEBE NJOVUPT EFM DFOUSP EF 7BMFODJB DBQJUBM TF FODVFOUSBO MBT QMBZBT NÆT VSCBOBT -BT "SFOBT Z MB .BMWBSSPTB TPO EF BSFOB GJOB FYUFOTBT F JEFBMFT QBSB QBTFBS UPNBS BMHP P EFHVTUBS VOB FYRVJTJUB QBFMMB FO BMHVOBT EF MBT
"
UFSSB[BT EF TV QBTFP NBSÑUJNP 4J CVTDBNPT QMBZBT NÆT TBMWBKFT EFOUSP EFM UÍSNJOP NVODJQBM EF 7BMFODJB MBT QPEFNPT FODPOUSBS B FTDBTPT LJMÖNFUSPT 6OB JOUFSFTBOUF PQDJÖO FT WJTJUBS FM 1BSRVF /BUVSBM EF MB "MCVGFSB FM NÆT HSBOEF EF &VSPQB TJUVBEP KVOUP B VOB HSBO DBQJUBM Z RVF BCSB[B MBT QMBZBT EF 1JOFEP FM 4BMFS P FM 3FDBUJ 1FSFMMPOFU FOUSF PUSBT "EFNÆT MB QSPWJODJB EF 7BMFODJB UJFOF VO MJUPSBM NBSÑUJNP FYDFMFOUF DPO QVOUPT DMBWF EF SFGFSFODJB QBSB FM UVSJTNP $VMMFSB 4F FODVFOUSB B VOPT LJMÖNFUSPT EF 7BMFODJB Z FTUÆ TJUVBEB FO MB DPNBSDB EF MB 3JCFSB #BJYB $VFOUB DPO PODF QMBZBT -B QMBZB EF 4BO "OUPOJP FT MB NÆT HSBOEF Z DPOPDJEB KVOUP B MB EFM 3BDÖ Z $BQ #MBOD ÍTUB ÜMUJNB VOB EF MBT GBWPSJUBT QBSB MPT BNBOUFT EFM XJOETVSG -B $BMB EFM 'BSP FT PUSP EF MPT QVOUPT FNCMFNÆUJDPT QPS TV DFSDBOÑB BM GBSP EF $VMMFSB Z QPS MB DBMJEBE EF TVT BHVBT -BT NPOUBÕBT UBNCJÍO GPSNBO
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
&M JOUFSJPS
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(BOEÑB &T MB DBQJUBM EF MB DPNBSDB EF -B 4BGPS Z VOP EF MPT EFTUJOPT WBDBDJPOBMFT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EF MB QSPWJODJB EF 7BMFODJB 4VT QMBZBT UJFOFO NÆT EF LJMÖNFUSPT EF DPTUB -B NÆT QPQVMBS FT QMBZB /PSUF RVF DVFOUB DPO FM 1BTFP EF /FQUVOP JEFBM QBSB QBTFBS JS FO CJDJ P UPNBS BMHP FO TVT NÜMUJQMFT DBGFUFSÑBT -B QMBZB EF - "IVJS FT VOB EF MBT QPDBT WÑSHFOFT EFM MJUPSBM WBMFODJBOP 4V QBJTBKF EF EVOBT MB IBDF NVZ FTQFDJBM 3BGBMDBJE Z 7FOÐDJB TPO PUSBT EF TVT QMBZBT (BOEJB PGSFDF UBNCJÍO NVDIP QBUSJNPOJP IJTUÖSJDP Z DVMUVSBM &O FM DFOUSP IJTUÖSJDP FODPOUSBNPT NVDIPT FEJGJDJPT WJODVMBEPT B MB IJTUPSJB EF MPT #PSHJB GBNJMJB OPCMF WBMFODJBOB -PT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT TPO FM 1BMBDJP %VDBM TJUVBEP FO FM DFOUSP IJTUÖSJDP EPOEF OBDJÖ 4BO 'SBODJTDP EF #PSKB QBUSÖO EF MB DJVEBE Z -B $PMFHJBUB EF (BOEÑB " OJWFM HBTUSPOÖNJDP MB GJEFVÉ Z MB EFMJDÉ EVMDF BMNFOESBEP TPO UPEP VO SFGFSFOUF
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
1MBZBT 0MJWB FT MB TFHVOEB QPCMBDJÖO NÆT JNQPSUBOUF EF -B 4BGPS 1BV 1J FT MB [POB EF NBZPS PDVQBDJÖO FO ÍQPDB FTUJWBM VOB QMBZB VSCBOB DPO QBTFP NBSÑUJNP Z EF BHVBT USBORVJMBT &M 1BSRVF /BUVSBM .BSKBM 1FHP 0MJWB FT PUSP QVOUP JEÑMJDP EF FTUB MPDBMJEBE 'VF EFDMBSBEP ;POB EF &TQFDJBM 1SPUFDDJÖO QBSB MBT "WFT QPS MB 6OJÖO &VSPQFB &M NPOVNFOUP NÆT TJHOJGJDBUJWP FT MB JHMFTJB EF 4BOUB .BSÑB MB .BZPS DPOTUSVJEB B GJOBMFT EFM TJHMP 97**
4BHVOUP FT MB DBQJUBM EFM $BNQ EF .PSWFESF -B QMBZB NÆT BQSFDJBEB QPS MPT UVSJTUBT Z MPDBMFT FT MB EFM 1VFSUP EF 4BHVOUP &M DBTUJMMP Z FM UFBUSP SPNBOP QSJNFS FEJGJDJP EFDMBSBEP .POVNFOUP /BDJPOBM EF &TQBÕB FO Z FQJDFOUSP EFM GFTUJWBM 4BHVOU B &TDFOB TPO EF WJTJUB PCMJHBEB 1BTFBS QPS MB +VEFSÑB DBMMFKVFMBT FTUSFDIBT EFM DBTDP BOUJHVP Z DPNQSBS FM CPUJKP EF DPSDIP FT UBNCJÍO NVZ UÑQJDP $BOFU EF #FSFOHVFS FTUÆ SPEFBEB QPS FM UÍSNJOP NVOJDJQBM EF 4BHVOUP .ÆT EF VO LJMÖNFUSP EF DPTUB QPS NFUSPT EF BODIVSB DPNQPOFO MB QMBZB EF $BOFU DPOPDJEB DPNP 3JODÖO EF .BS KVOUP B VO HSBO QBTFP NBSÑUJNP BDPNQBÕBEP EF IFSNPTBT EVOBT 4V DBEFOB EVOBS FT VOB EF MBT JNÆHFOFT NÆT GPUPHSBGJBEBT QPS MPT UVSJTUBT 0USB JNBHFO BUSBDUJWB Z BHSBEBCMF QBSB QBTFBS FT MB EF MPT DBNJOPT SVSBMFT RVF IBZ FO MB [POB EF OBSBOKBMFT FOUSF FM OÜDMFP VSCBOP Z MB QMBZB
"MJDBOUF -B $PTUB #MBODB FT VO QBSBÑTP EF QMBZBT Z DBMBT EF GBOUBTÑB HVBT USBORVJMBT Z USBOTQBSFOUFT BDPNQBÕBEBT EF VO DMJNB FYRVJTJUP UPEP FM BÕP DPOWJFSUFO "MJDBOUF FO PCKFUP EF EFTFP UVSÑTUJDP EF QSJNFS OJWFM 1MBZBT FYDFQDJPOBMFT FO MB NJTNB DBQJUBM DPNP MB QMBZB EFM 1PTUJHVFU 4BO +VBO "MNBESBCB P "MCVGFSFUB P B QPDPT LJMÖNFUSPT EPOEF FODPOUSBNPT BÕP USBT BÕP MPT QSJODJQBMFT GPDPT EF UVSJTNP EF TPM Z QMBZB EFM MJUPSBM WBMFODJBOP Z FTQBÕPM
"
#FOJEPSN FT MB DBQJUBM EFM UVSJTNP QPS FYDFMFODJB FM SJODÖO NÆT JOUFSOBDJPOBM 4VT
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5PSSFWJFKB UJFOF VO MJUPSBM FYUFOTP DPO LJMÖNFUSPT EF DPTUB %F OPSUF B TVS EFTUBDB MB QMBZB EF MB .BUB MB NÆT BNQMJB Z DBSBDUFSJ[BEB QPS MB BCVOEBODJB EF EVOBT GÖTJMFT &O FM QBTFP NBSÑUJNP +VBO "QBSJDJP VOP EF MPT MVHBSFT NÆT SFQSFTFOUBUJWPT EFTUBDBO MBT QJTDJOBT OBUVSBMFT VO ÆSFB EF QMBZBT SPEFBEBT EF [POBT SPDPTBT Z DPO WJTUBT FTQFDUBDVMBSFT %F FTUF NVOJDJQJP FT PCMJHBEP IBCMBS EF TV FOUPSOP DPO EPT MBHVOBT TBMBEBT VOB SPTB Z PUSB WFSEF RVF DPOGPSNBO FM 1BSRVF /BUVSBM EF MBT -BHVOBT EF MB .BUB Z 5PSSFWJFKB &O FM NVTFP EFM .BS Z MB 4BM FM NÆT JNQPSUBOUF TF QVFEF DPOPDFS FM PSJHFO EF FTUB MPDBMJEBE &M +BSEÑO EF MBT /BDJPOFT FT FM FTQBDJP WFSEF NÆT HSBOEF DPO HSBO DBOUJEBE EF QBUPT Z DJTOFT %F FOUSF MPT EJWFSTPT FEJGJDJPT SFMJHJPTPT EFTUBDB MB JHMFTJB EF MB *ONBDVMBEB $PODFQDJÖO
"MUFB DVFOUB DPO NÆT EF LJMÖNFUSPT EF DPTUB EPOEF TF BMUFSOBO DBMBT [POBT EF BDBOUJMBEP Z CFMMBT QMBZBT EFTEF MB QVOUB EFM .BTDBSBU IBTUB FM FTQJHÖO EFM QVFSUP -B QMBZB EFM "MCJS FT EF MBT NÆT QPQVMBSFT QPS TFS USBOTQBSFOUF QPDP QSPGVOEB F JEFBM QBSB GBNJMJBT -B QBSUF BOUJHVB EFM QVFCMP &M 'PSOFU FT VOB EF MBT [POBT NÆT DVSJPTBT EF "MUFB MMFOB EF DBMMFT Z DBTBT CMBODBT BEPSOBEBT DPO GMPSFT FO MPT CBMDPOFT -B JHMFTJB EF /VFTUSB 4FÕPSB EFM $POTVFMP DPO MB $ÜQVMB EFM .FEJUFSSÆOFP FT PUSP EF MPT FNCMFNBT EF FTUF QVFCMP NÆHJDP RVF TJSWJÖ FO TV EÑB EF SFGVHJP B QJOUPSFT Z FTDVMUPSFT QPS TV HSBO CFMMF[B +ÆWFB FT VOP EF MPT EFTUJOPT QSFGFSJEPT QPS FM UVSJTNP EF ÍMJUF OBDJPOBM F JOUFSOBDJPOBM -B DBMB (SBOBEFMMB SPEFBEB EF QJOPT Z NVZ BEFDVBEB
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
"MJDBOUF "MUFB #FOJEPSN 5PSSFWJFKB Z +¼WFB TPO SJODPOFT JEÈMJDPT EF MB $PTUB #MBODB DPO QMBZBT EF BHVB USBOTQBSFOUF Z DBMBT EF VOB NBKFTUVPTB CFMMF[B -PDBMJEBEFT SFGFSFODJB EF UVSJTNP JOUFSOBDJPOBM DPOWFSUJEBT FO VO QBSBÈTP B UJFNQP DPNQMFUP
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
1MBZBT QBSB MB QSÆDUJDB EFM TVCNBSJOJTNP &O TV QBSUF IJTUÖSJDB EFTUBDB MB JHMFTJB EF 4BO #BSUPMPNÍ UPEP VO FKFNQMP EF HÖUJDP JTBCFMJOP -PT .PMJOPT MB 3FTFSWB /BUVSBM EFM $BCP EF 4BO "OUPOJP P FM 1BSRVF /BUVSBM EFM .POUHÖ TPO PUSBT EF MBT WJTJUBT EF JOUFSÍT &TUF ÜMUJNP QBSBKF BCSB[B PUSP EF MPT EFTUJOPT JNQPSUBOUFT EF MB $PTUB #MBODB DPNP FT %ÍOJB
%ÍOJB FT MB DBQJUBM EF MB DPNBSDB EF MB .BSJOB -B [POB EF -FT .BSJOFT BM OPSUF EFM NVOJDJQJP UJFOF MBT QMBZBT NÆT BSFOPTBT DPNP -FT %FWFTFT -B 1VOUB EFMT .PMJOT P -FT .BSJOFT -B [POB EF -FT 3PUFT TF DBSBDUFSJ[B QPS TVT OVNFSPTBT DBMBT MB NBZPSÑB EF QJFESB DPNP &M 5SBNQPMÑ P -FT "SFOFUFT Z FM QBTFP NBSÑUJNP %FTEF FM DBTUJMMP EF ÍQPDB JTMÆNJDB OPT BTPNCSBSÆO MBT QBOPSÆNJDBT EF MB DJVEBE Z FM QVFSUP DPNFSDJBM EFTEF EPOEF QBSUFO GFSSJFT RVF USBOTQPSUBO QBTBKFSPT Z NFSDBODÑBT B MBT *TMBT #BMFBSFT ZB RVF %ÍOJB FTUÆ B TÖMP NJMMBT EF MBT NJTNBT %FOUSP EFM DBTUJMMP FTUÆ FM NVTFP BSRVFPMÖHJDP JEFBM QBSB DPOPDFS MB FWPMVDJÖO EF MB DJVEBE EFTEF TVT PSÑHFOFT 0USPT NVTFPT NVZ JOUFSFTBOUFT EF MB DJVEBE BMJDBOUJOB TPO FM EFM KVHVFUF Z FM FUOPMÖHJDP
$BTUFMMÖO $PTUB "[BIBS MB QFSGFDUB GVTJÖO FOUSF NBS Z NPOUBÕB O MJUPSBM EF LJMÖNFUSPT EF NBSBWJMMPTBT QMBZBT RVF DPOGPSNBO NVOJDJQJPT RVF EF OPSUF B TVS UJFOFO MÑOFB EF DPTUB FO $BTUFMMÖO -B $PTUB "[BIBS EFCF TV EFOPNJOBDJÖO B MB GMPS EFM OBSBOKP DVMUJWP QPS FYDFMFODJB EF FTUB [POB Z DVFOUB DPO BMHVOBT EF MBT QMBZBT DPO NÆT FODBOUP EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
6
"MDPTTFCSF 1FÌÈTDPMB 0SPQFTB Z #FOJD»TTJN GPSNBO QBSUF EF MB $PTUB "[BIBS 4VT QBJTBKFT EF BHVBT DSJTUBMJOBT KVOUP B MBT NPOUBÌBT MBT DPOWJFSUFO FO [POBT EF NVDIP FODBOUP
1FÕÑTDPMB FT VOB EF MBT [POBT UVSÑTUJDBT QPS FYDFMFODJB -B QMBZB /PSUF DPO TVT DJODP LJMÖNFUSPT EF FYUFOTJÖO FT MB QSJODJQBM Z MB NÆT QSÖYJNB BM DBTDP BOUJHVP %FTEF FMMB TF QVFEF DPOUFNQMBS FM DBTUJMMP EFM 1BQB -VOB UPEP VO TÑNCPMP Z VOP EF TVT HSBOEFT SFDMBNPT 1FÕÑTDPMB FT NBS QMBZB IJTUPSJB Z UBNCJÍO QMBUÖ EF DJOF 4V FODMBWF Z TV QBUSJNPOJP MB DPOWJFSUFO FO FTDFOBSJP QSJWJMFHJBEP QBSB MB BUSBDDJÖO EF QSPEVDDJPOFT BVEJPWJTVBMFT &M SPEBKF NÆT
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
1MBZBT SFDJFOUF RVF IB BMCFSHBEP MB DJVEBE FT MB TFYUB UFNQPSBEB EF MB FYJUPTB TFSJF +VFHP EF 5SPOPT RVF TF FTUSFOBSÆ QSÖYJNBNFOUF "TJNJTNP 1FÕÑTDPMB IB TJEP FTDFOBSJP EFM SPEBKF EF EJWFSTBT QFMÑDVMBT DPNP &M $JE P 1BSÑT 5VNCVDUÜ " LJMÖNFUSPT FTUÆ FM 1BSRVF /BUVSBM EF MB 4JFSSB EF *SUB VOB TJFSSB NPOUBÕPTB QBSBMFMB B MB DPTUB &O VOP EF TVT BDBOUJMBEPT FTUÆ MB 5PSSF #BEVN VOB UPSSF EF WJHJMBODJB DJSDVMBS DPOTUSVJEB FO B DBTJ NFUSPT EFM NBS %JDIB UPSSF EB OPNCSF B MB DFSWF[B BSUFTBOBM Z BVUÖDUPOB #BEÜN
-B 4JFSSB EF *SUB UBNCJÍO BCSB[B B PUSB EF MBT MPDBMJEBEFT NÆT FNCMFNÆUJDBT EF MB $PTUB DPNP "MDPTTFCSF 6O MVHBS DPO QMBZBT EF JOEVEBCMF WBMPS DPNP MB EF -BT 'VFOUFT MMBNBEB BTÑ QPS MB QFDVMJBSJEBE EF UFOFS NBOBOUJBMFT EF BHVB RVF CSPUBO FO NFEJP EF MB QMBZB MB EFM .PSP DPOPDJEB QPS MB 3PDB EFM .PSP VOB SPDB EF HSBO UBNBÕP RVF FNFSHF GSFOUF B FMMB P MB QMBZB EF MB 3PNBOB TJUVBEB BM TVS EF VO TJTUFNB EVOBS EF HSBO WBMPS FDPMÖHJDP 6OB WJTJUB B "MDBMÆ EF $IJWFSU QVFCMP FO FM RVF TF FONBSDB "MDPTTFCSF FT JEFBM QBSB IBDFS FYDVSTJPOFT B TJUJPT EF JOUFSÍT DPNP FM DBTUJMMP EF $IJWFSU P MB JHMFTJB EF 4BO +VBO #BVUJTUB &M UPNBUF EF QFOKBS UPNBUF EF DPMHBS FT NVZ SFDPOPDJEP B OJWFM OBDJPOBM #FOJDÉTTJN &T VOP EF MPT EFTUJOPT DMÆTJDPT EFM UVSJTNP EF TPM Z QMBZB Z UBNCJÍO EF MB NÜTJDB (SBDJBT B MB DBMJEBE EF TVT BHVBT B MB CFMMF[B EF TV FOUPSOP Z B MB DFMFCSBDJÖO EF WBSJPT GFTUJWBMFT DPNP FM '*# EFM BM EF +VMJP EF P FM 3PUPUPN 4VOTQMBTI RVF SFÜOFO B NJMFT EF KÖWFOFT EF UPEBT MBT OBDJPOBMJEBEFT FTUB MPDBMJEBE TF IB IFDIP DPO VO OPNCSF FO FM QBOPSBNB JOUFSOBDJPOBM -B QMBZB &MT 5FSSFST FT MB NÆT TJOHVMBS Z DVFOUB DPO DBTJ EPT LJMÖNFUSPT EF MPOHJUVE 4V GPSNB PWBMBEB KVOUP B TVT FTQJHPOFT MB DPOWJFSUFO FO VO TJUJP JEFBM QBSB MB QSÆDUJDB EF EFQPSUFT OÆVUJDPT &O #FOJDÉTTJN UBNCJÍO TF QVFEF EJTGSVUBS IBDJFOEP CJDJDMFUB EF NPOUBÕB QPS TVT SVUBT DJDMPUVSÑTUJDBT 4J OPT BEFOUSBNPT FO MB DJVEBE MB JHMFTJB EF 4BOUP 5PNÆT EF 7JMMBOVFWB FT VOP EF TVT TÑNCPMPT &M $JOF 5FBUSP PGSFDF EVSBOUF UPEP FM BÕP VOB EJWFSTB QSPHSBNBDJÖO EF UFBUSP NÜTJDB Z UBMMFSFT $PNP QSPEVDUP HBTUSPOÖNJDP WBMF MB QFOB QSPCBS MBT DPRVFUBT VO EVMDF FMBCPSBEP B CBTF EF BDFJUF B[ÜDBS IBSJOB BOÑT Z NPTDBUFM &T
NVZ UÑQJDP EVSBOUF MBT GJFTUBT QBUSPOBMFT EF 4BOU "OUPOJ Z 4BOUB ©HVFEB RVF TF DFMFCSBO B NJUBE EFM NFT EF FOFSP 0SPQFTB EFM .BS DVFOUB DPO VOP EF MPT DPNQMFKPT UVSÑTUJDPT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EFM QBÑT .BSJOB % 0S (SBDJBT BM CBMOFBSJP EF BHVB NBSJOB NÆT HSBOEF EF &VSPQB TF IB DPOWFSUJEP FO UPEP VO SFGFSFOUF EFM UVSJTNP EF TBMVE +VOUP B FTUF JNQSFTJPOBOUF DPNQMFKP 0SPQFTB EFM .BS PGSFDF QMBZBT EF HSBO DBMJEBE -B EF -B $PODIB FT MB NÆT GBNJMJBS Z FNCMFNÆUJDB EFM NVOJDJQJP &O WFSBOP TF PGSFDFO BDUJWJEBEFT EFQPSUJWBT UPUBMNFOUF HSBUVJUBT DPNP FM ZPHB HJNOBTJB EF NBOUFOJNJFOUP P BDUJWJEBEFT JOGBOUJMFT " UBO TPMP NJOVUPT EF FTUB QMBZB Z QBTFBOEP QPS MB NJTNB DPTUB FODPOUSBNPT MB UPSSF EFM 3FZ VO NPOVNFOUP IJTUÖSJDP DPOTUSVJEP FO TV EÑB QBSB EFGFOEFS FM QVFCMP EF MPT DPOUJOVPT BUBRVFT EF MPT QJSBUBT CFSCFSJTDPT &M DBTUJMMP EF 0SPQFTB Z MB JHMFTJB 7JSHFO EF MB 1BDJFODJB QBUSPOB EFM QVFCMP TPO PUSPT EF MPT FEJGJDJPT DMBWF EF MB DVMUVSB MPDBM &M DBTDP BOUJHVP MMFOP EF CMBODBT QBSFEFT Z SJODPOFT UBNCJÍO GPSNB QBSUF EF MB DVMUVSB EFM NVOJDJQJP DBTUFMMPOFOTF #VSSJBOB DPNCJOB IFSNPTBT QMBZBT DPNP MB EF &M "SFOBM MMBNBEB BTÑ QPS MB HSBO FYUFOTJÖO EF BSFOB RVF MB DPOGJHVSB DPO VO QBUSJNPOJP Z VOB BDUJWJEBE DVMUVSBM EF MP NÆT JOUFSFTBOUF &M "SFOBM 4PVOE VO GFTUJWBM EF NÜTJDB JOEFQFOEJFOUF Z FMFDUSÖOJDB TF IB DPOWFSUJEP EFTEF FM BÕP FO VOP EF MPT SFGFSFOUFT EF MB UFNQPSBEB FTUJWBM B OJWFM OBDJPOBM 5JFOF MVHBS MB QSJNFSB TFNBOB EFM NFT EF BHPTUP &OUSF TVT NPOVNFOUPT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EFTUBDBO MB UPSSF DBNQBOBSJP &M 5FNQMBU SFDPOTUSVJEB EFTQVÍT EF MB HVFSSB MB JHMFTJB EF MB .FSDFE FM UFNQMP EF 4BO +PTÍ Z FM .VTFP EF MB /BSBOKB .PODPGB QFSUFOFDF B MB DPNBSDB EF MB 1MBOB #BJYB VO EFTUJOP EF TPM Z QMBZB USBEJDJPOBMNFOUF FOGPDBEP B VO BNCJFOUF GBNJMJBS %JTQPOF EF TFJT LJMÖNFUSPT EF MJUPSBM Z TV QMBZB FT FO HFOFSBM EF QJFESBT -B QMBZB EF .BTCÖ Z MB EFM (SBP TPO TVT FTUBOEBSUFT -B &SNJUB EF 4BOUB .BSÑB .BHEBMFOB FT FM TÑNCPMP EF MP RVF BOUBÕP GVF FM QPCMBEP NBSÑUJNP EFM (SBP .PODPGB GPSNB QBSUF EF EJWFSTBT SVUBT DPNP MB EFM NBS TVS EF $BTUFMMÖO JEFBM QBSB SFDPSSFSMB FO CJDJDMFUB Z DPOPDFS MB NVMUJUVE EF QMBZBT EF MB 1MBOB #BJYB
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
$BTUFMM EF (VBEBMFTU -B QFDVMJBSJEBE EF FTUF QVFCMP FTU¼ FO TV FODMBWF FO VO QFÌBTDP '050 (&/&3"-*5"5 7"-&/$*"/"
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS ;POBT WFSEFT QBJTBKFT ÜOJDPT QVFCMPT DPO FODBOUP NPOVNFOUPT FNCMFNÆUJDPT VOB HBTUSPOPNÑB BVUÍOUJDB Z VO TJOGÑO EF SJODPOFT JOÍEJUPT -B BVUÍOUJDB CFMMF[B EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB FTUÆ TJO EVEB BMHVOB FO FM JOUFSJPS
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
7BMFODJB FT VOB DJVEBE RVF DPNCJOB USBEJDJÖO Z NPEFSOJEBE B MB QFSGFDDJÖO 4V CVFO DMJNB TV HBTUSPOPNÑB Z TV WBSJBEB PGFSUB DVMUVSBM MB DPOWJFSUFO FO FM EFTUJOP QFSGFDUP QBSB DVBMRVJFS WJTJUBOUF
OB DJVEBE MMFOB EF FOFSHÑB DPTNPQPMJUB Z BCJFSUB RVF FOBNPSB BM RVF MB WJTJUB &O TV DFOUSP IJTUÖSJDP TPO WJTJUB JOFMVEJCMF MB $BUFESBM TJUVBEB FO MB 1MB[B EF MB 7JSHFO Z RVF BMCFSHB MB $BQJMMB EFM 4BOUP $ÆMJ[ Z MB #BTÑMJDB EF MB 7JSHFO EF MPT %FTBNQBSBEPT MB QBUSPOB EF MB DJVEBE &M .JHVFMFUF DBNQBOBSJP EF MB $BUFESBM Z BM RVF TF BDDFEF EFTEF MB 1MB[B EF MB 3FJOB FT VOP EF MPT FNCMFNBT EF MB DBQJUBM EFM 5ÜSJB Z TVT FTDBMPOFT SFDPNQFOTBO DPO VOBT NBHOÑGJDBT WJTUBT EF MB DJVEBE "USBWFTBOEP FM #BSSJP EFM
6
5SBEJDJÎO Z WBOHVBSEJB 4BMÎO $PMVNOBSJP FO MB -POKB EF MB 4FEB BSSJCB $JVEBE EF MBT "SUFT Z MBT $JFODJBT BCBKP
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
$BSNFO OP NFOPT JNQBDUBOUFT SFTVMUBO MBT 5PSSFT EF 2VBSU Z MBT EF 4FSSBOPT &TUBT ÜMUJNBT TPO QSPUBHPOJTUBT DBEB BÕP FO FM ÜMUJNP GJO EF TFNBOB EF GFCSFSP FO MB $SJEÉ JOJDJP PGJDJBM EF MBT GJFTUBT GBMMFSBT RVF DFMFCSBO TV TFNBOB HSBOEF EFM BM EF NBS[P GFDIBT EF MB 1MBOUÉ JOGBOUJM Z EF MB $SFNÉ 4J WJTJUB MB DJVEBE FO FTUBT GFDIBT OP QVFEF QFSEFSTF VOB EF TVT NBTDMFUÉT FO MB QMB[B EFM "ZVOUBNJFOUP MB NÆT DÍOUSJDB Z EFTUBDBEB FO MB RVF TF FODVFOUSB MB $BTB $POTJTUPSJBM EF 7BMFODJB B MBT IPSBT TVT NPOVNFOUPT FO MBT DBMMFT MPT DBTUJMMPT EF GVFHPT BSUJGJDJBMFT OPDUVSOPT P EJTGSVUBS WJFOEP MB 0GSFOEB B MB 7JSHFO EF MPT %FTBNQBSBEPT 7BMFODJB Z TVT BDPHFEPSBT HFOUFT JOUFHSBO BM WJTJUBOUF FO MB GJFTUB Z TF WVFMDBO EF QMFOP FO FMMB &TUF BÕP MBT 'BMMBT TPO DBOEJEBUBT PGJDJBMFT B TFS EFDMBSBEBT 1BUSJNPOJP *ONBUFSJBM EF MB )VNBOJEBE +VOUP BM .FSDBEP $FOUSBM FODPOUSBNPT MB -POKB &O 7BMFODJB EF MB 4FEB EF 7BMFODJB PCSB NBFTUSB EFM HÖUJDP QBTÖ B GPSNBS DJWJM WBMFODJBOP Z QBSUF EF MB 3VUB 1BUSJNPOJP EF MB EF MB 4FEB -B )VNBOJEBE QPS MB -POKB FT VOP EF 6OFTDP EFTEF &O MPT FEJGJDJPT NÆT 7BMFODJB QBTÖ B JNQPSUBOUFT EF GPSNBS QBSUF EF MB 3VUB FTUB JOJDJBUJWB EF MB 4FEB %FTEF FM DFOUSP FT BDPOTFKBCMF CVTDBS FM +BSEÑO EFM 5ÜSJB Z FNQSFOEFS VO QBTFP QPS FM NBZPS KBSEÑO VSCBOP EF &TQBÕB VO FTQBDJP QÜCMJDP EF IFDUÆSFBT EF OBUVSBMF[B RVF BUSBWJFTB MB DJVEBE Z RVF GPSNB QBSUF EF MB WJEB EJBSJB EF MPT WBMFODJBOPT %FTEF FTUF +BSEÑO MMFHBNPT B MB $JVEBE EF MBT "SUFT Z MBT $JFODJBT FNCMFNB EF MB QBSUF NPEFSOB EF MB $JVEBE &M FTQFDUBDVMBS DPNQMFKP BMCFSHB FM .VTFP EF MBT $JFODJBT 1SÑODJQF 'FMJQF - 6NCSBDMF FM 1BMBV EF MFT "SUT 3FJOB 4PGÑB - 0DFBOPHSÉGJD SFNPEFMBEP SFDJFOUFNFOUF Z FM ¬HPSB FTUF ÜMUJNP BM PUSP MBEP EFM QVFOUF EF M "TTVU EF M 0S &O 4FNBOB 4BOUB WJTJUB JNQSFTDJOEJCMF TPO MPT BDUPT EF TV 4FNBOB 4BOUB .BSJOFSB GJFTUB EF *OUFSÍT 5VSÑTUJDP /BDJPOBM Z RVF PDVQB MBT DBMMFT EFM .BSÑUJNP &O FTUF NJTNP EJTUSJUP DPO WJTUBT BM NBS TF QVFEFO DPHFS GVFS[BT DPO VOB QBFMMB FM QMBUP NÆT JOUFSOBDJPOBM Z USBEJDJPOBM WBMFODJBOP : TJ RVFEBO GVFS[BT VOB IPSDIBUB DPO GBSUPOT FO "MCPSBZB FT NÆT RVF SFDPNFOEBCMF
*/5&3*03 %& 7"-&/$*"
*ONFOTBT SJRVF[BT NÆT BMMÆ EFM NBS &M JOUFSJPS EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB HVBSEB MVHBSFT FYDFQDJPOBMFT BEFNÆT EF TV MJUPSBM RVF USBOTGPSNBO FM QBJTBKF Z OPT PGSFDFO FYQFSJFODJBT ÜOJDBT RVF TPSQSFOEFO BM WJTJUBOUF 3FRVFOB %F JOWJFSOPT GSÑPT Z USBEJDJÖO EF WJÕBT DVMUVSB Z HBTUSPOPNÑB BSUFTBOB FM NVOJDJQJP EF 3FRVFOB FO MB QBSUF NÆT PDDJEFOUBM EF MB QSPWJODJB EF 7BMFODJB PGSFDF VOB DPNCJOBDJÖO QFSGFDUB EF DPOUSBTUFT FO MB [POB EFM .FEJUFSSÆOFP 4JUVBEB B LN EF MB DBQJUBM TV QBUSJNPOJP IJTUÖSJDP DVFOUB DPO CFMMF[BT DPNP MBT $VFWBT EF -B 7JMMB DVFWBT EF ÍQPDB NVTVMNBOB DPOTUSVJEBT FOUSF MPT TJHMPT *9 Z 9*** RVF GVFSPO VTBEBT IBTUB FM TJHMP 97** Z RVF QVFEFO WJTJUBSTF DJFSSBO MPT MVOFT %F JHVBM NBOFSB OP TF QVFEF EFKBS EF WJTJUBS MB 5PSSF EFM )PNFOBKF EFM DBTUJMMP EF 3FRVFOB EF NJÍSDPMFT B EPNJOHP EFM TJHMP 97 Z RVF TF FODVFOUSB KVOUP B MB "MDB[BCB DBTUJMMP EF PSJHFO NVTVMNÆO RVF USBT MB DPORVJTUB DSJTUJBOB TF DPOWJSUJÖ FO FM QSJNFS CBTUJÖO EF $BTUJMMB GSFOUF BM SFDJÍO DSFBEP 3FJOP EF 7BMFODJB &M QBJTBKF EFTEF MP BMUP PGSFDF VOB QSFDJPTB JNBHFO EF MB WJMMB NFEJFWBM 6OB WJTJUB B TVT CPEFHBT RVF GPSNBO QBSUF EF MBT SVUBT EF FOPUVSJTNP EF MB % 0 6UJFM 3FRVFOB TF DPNQMFUB DPO VO EJTGSVUF EF MB HBTUSPOPNÑB EF QMBUPT SFDJPT FO MB RVF EFTUBDBO MPT FNCVUJEPT MPDBMFT BSUFTBOPT 9ÉUJWB $BQJUBM EF MB DPNBSDB EF MB $PTUFSB MB DJVEBE EF 9ÉUJWB FT VOB EF MBT MPDBMJEBEFT WBMFODJBOBT RVF NBZPS SJRVF[B IJTUÖSJDB Z QBUSJNPOJBM BUFTPSBO 'VF DBQJUBM EF QSPWJODJB FO FM TJHMP 9*9 Z DVOB EF MPT QBQBT #PSKB &M FTQFDUBDVMBS DBTUJMMP EF 9ÉUJWB FT FM QSJODJQBM SFDMBNP UVSÑTUJDP EF MB DJVEBE VOB EPCMF GPSUBMF[B BNVSBMMBEB DVZB GVOEBDJÖO TF SFNPOUB B MB DVMUVSB JCÍSJDB Z SPNBOB QFSP DVZB FTUSVDUVSB BDUVBM FT EF FTUJMP JTMÆNJDP Z HÖUJDP 1VFEF BDDFEFSTF BM NJTNP DPO FM USFO UVSÑTUJDP RVF UJFOF TV TBMJEB FO FM
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
$VFWBT DBTUJMMPT Z FOUPSOP OBUVSBM 7BTJKBT EF ÄQPDB FO MBT DVFWBT QBSB MB FMBCPSBDJÎO EF WJOP FO 3FRVFOB BSSJCB J[EB #PDBJSFOU BSSJCB EDIB 4VCJEB BM $BTUJMMP EF 9»UJWB JNBHFO JOGFSJPS B MB J[RVJFSEB Z QBJTBKF EF $PSUFT EF 1BMM¼T Z FM SÈP +ÕDBS BCBKP B MB EFSFDIB DFOUSP EF SFDFQDJÖO EF WJTJUBOUFT GSFOUF BM "ZVOUBNJFOUP Z KVOUP B MB 'VFOUF EFM -FÖO 'PSNBEP QPS FM $BTUJMMP .FOPS Z FM $BTUJMMP .BZPS FM DPOKVOUP GVF EFDMBSBEP .POVNFOUP /BDJPOBM FO -BT WJTUBT EFTEF MP BMUP EF TVT NVSBMMBT PGSFDFO VO QBJTBKF FYUSBPSEJOBSJP EF HSBO QBSUF EF MB DPNBSDB 4V DBTDP BOUJHVP GVF EFDMBSBEP $POKVOUP )JTUÖSJDP "SUÑTUJDP FO Z BMCFSHB MB NBZPS QBSUF EFM QBUSJNPOJP NPOVNFOUBM EF MB DJVEBE DPNP MB CBTÑMJDB SFOBDFOUJTUB EF 4BOUB .BSÑB MB 4FV FM )PTQJUBM 3FBM MB DBMMF .PODBEB [POB IJTUÖSJDBNFOUF EF BTFOUBNJFOUP EF MB OPCMF[B EVSBOUF FM TJHMP 97*** SFQMFUB EF QBMBDJPT GVFOUFT F JHMFTJBT 4BO 'FMJV /P EFCF EFTDVJEBSTF MB WJTJUB BM .VTFP EFM "MNVEÑO "MNPEÑ RVF HVBSEB FO TV JOUFSJPS VOB JOUFSFTBOUF DPMFDDJÖO EF QJF[BT BSRVFPMÖHJDBT EF EJGFSFOUFT QFSJPEPT
EF MB DJVEBE Z EF MB $BTB EF MB &OTFÕBO[B EF SFDJFOUF JOBVHVSBDJÖO DPNP NVTFP EF CFMMBT BSUFT %FTQVÍT EF VOB KPSOBEB JOUFOTB Z DPOPDFS NFKPS IJTUÖSJDBNFOUF FTUB QSFDJPTB WJMMB FM DPNQMFNFOUP QFSGFDUP QBSB VO EFTDBOTP FT TJO EVEB EFHVTUBS TV QPQVMBS BSSP[ BM IPSOP P MPT EPT EVMDFT NÆT UÑQJDPT EF MB [POB DPNP TPO MB BMNPJYBWFOB Z FM BSOBEÑ #PDBJSFOU &O FM JOUFSJPS EF MB QSPWJODJB EF 7BMFODJB B LJMÖNFUSPT EF MB DBQJUBM TF FODVFOUSB VO UFTPSP EFM UVSJTNP SVSBM 6O QVFCMP QJOUPSFTDP Z NFEJFWBM DPOPDJEP DPNP MB MPDBMJEBE EF MPT IPNCSFT EF MB NBOUB "TÑ TF DPOPDF QPQVMBSNFOUF B TVT WFDJOPT QPS MB JNQPSUBODJB RVF UVWP FO FM TJHMP QBTBEP MB JOEVTUSJB UFYUJM 6OB QPCMBDJÖO EF QPTUBM QPS MB RVF QBTFBS Z EJTGSVUBS EF TV QBJTBKF &T FM DBTP
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
EFM DBTDP BOUJHVP EFDMBSBEP DPOKVOUP )JTUÖSJDP "SUÑTUJDP SFQMFUP EF FTUSFDIBT DBMMFT EF FTUJMP ÆSBCF Z DPO NVMUJUVE EF DBMMFKPOFT FTDBMFSBT NBDFUBT Z GVFOUFT RVF EBO JEFB EF MB JNQPSUBODJB EFM BHVB QBSB FM QVFCMP &NQFESBU 4BOU +BVNF 1MBDFUB EF MB $PWB &M QSJODJQBM BUSBDUJWP EF FTUB DPNBSDB EF -B 7BMM E "MCBJEB TPO MBT $PWFUFT EFMT .PSPT DPOKVOUP EF DVFWBT BSUJGJDJBMFT DPO PSJGJDJPT FO GPSNB EF WFOUBOBT DPMHBEBT B NJUBE EF VO BDBOUJMBEP SPDPTP 4F DSFF RVF GVFSPO FYDBWBEBT TPCSF MB QJFESB FOUSF MPT TJHMPT 9 Z 9* QFSP TV PSJHFO Z VUJMJEBE OP FTUÆ UPUBMNFOUF EFGJOJEP -B 1MB[B EF 5PSPT EF #PDBJSFOU FYDBWBEB FO SPDB FT MB NÆT BOUJHVB EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB DPODSFUBNFOUF EFM BÕP -B *HMFTJB EF /VFTUSB 4FÕPSB EF MB "TVODJÖO PSJHJOBMNFOUF EF FTUJMP HÖUJDP Z BEBQUBEB QPTUFSJPSNFOUF B MPT HVTUPT CBSSPDPT EFM NPNFOUP FT PUSP FEJGJDJP FNCMFNÆUJDP BTÑ DPNP MB &SNJUB EFM 4BOUP $SJTUP -B MPDBMJEBE TF FODVFOUSB B MPT QJFT EF MB 4JFSSB EF .BSJPMB VO QBSRVF OBUVSBM QSPUFHJEP DPOPDJEP QPS TV SJRVF[B Z WBSJFEBE EF QMBOUBT BSPNÆUJDBT Z NFEJDJOBMFT EF JOGMVFODJB FO MB HBTUSPOPNÑB %FTUBDB FM USBEJDJPOBM MJDPS FM )FSCFSP FMBCPSBEP DPO BOÑT EVMDF BSPNBUJ[BEP DPO EJGFSFOUFT IJFSCBT EF MB 4JFSSB +VOUP B FTUB CFCJEB TF SFDPNJFOEB QSPCBS FM QMBUP UÑQJDP EF #PDBJSFOU MFT CBKPRVFT GBSDJEFT VO QJNJFOUP SPKP SFMMFOP EF BSSP[ Z NBHSP $PSUFT EF 1BMMÆT &O MB QSPWJODJB EF 7BMFODJB FO MB DPNBSDB EFM 7BMMF EF "ZPSB $PGSFOUFT FODPOUSBNPT FTUB MPDBMJEBE EF HSBO QSPUBHPOJTNP EVSBOUF MB PDVQBDJÖO NVTVMNBOB 4V TJUVBDJÖO HFPHSÆGJDB SPEFBEB EF MB 4JFSSB .BSUÍT BM OPSUF Z DPSUBEB QPS FM SÑP +ÜDBS FM NÆT DBVEBMPTP EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB MF PUPSHB EF DBSBDUFSÑTUJDBT ÜOJDBT &TUF NVOJDJQJP BDPHF MB NBZPS DFOUSBM EF CPNCFP EF &VSPQB MB $FOUSBM )JESPFMÍDUSJDB EF $PSUFT -B .VFMB "EFNÆT EF WJTJUBS MPDBMJEBEFT MJNÑUSPGFT DPNP $PGSFOUFT +BMBODF %PT "HVBT P BMEFBT NVOJDJQBMFT DPO CVFOB HBTUSPOPNÑB DPNP 7FOUB (BFUB VOB EF MBT BDUJWJEBEFT ÜOJDBT Z SFMFWBOUFT TPO MBT SVUBT GMVWJBMFT EFM +ÜDBS &TUF SFDPSSJEP EF LN Z VOB IPSB Z NFEJB EF EVSBDJÖO FT VO EJTGSVUF QBSB MPT TFOUJEPT Z VOB PQPSUVOJEBE JSSFQFUJCMF QBSB DPOUFNQMBS MPT $BÕPOFT EFM +ÜDBS FM QBJTBKF Z FM NFEJPBNCJFOUF NÆT EFTUBDBEP EF UPEB FM UFSSJUPSJP WBMFODJBOP &TUF
SFDPSSJEP QBSUF EFM FNCBSDBEFSP EF $PGSFOUFT QVFEF SFBMJ[BSTF EVSBOUF UPEP FM BÕP FT VOB BDUJWJEBE SFDPNFOEBEB QBSB UPEPT MPT QÜCMJDPT Z SFRVJFSF SFTFSWB QSFWJB &O UPSOP UBNCJÍO BM +ÜDBS FODPOUSBNPT MBT 1P[BT EFM 3BM MPT $IPSSBEPSFT EF 0UPOFM Z MB $VFWB )FSNPTB &OUSF TVT NPOVNFOUPT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EFTUBDBO FM $BTUJMMP EF $IJSFM EFM TJHMP 97 Z EF BDDFTP B QJF FM 1BMBDJP EFM #BSÖO EF $PSUFT EF 1BMMÆT EFM TJHMP 97*** Z EF FTUJMP CBSSPDP Z MB *HMFTJB 1BSSPRVJBM EF /VFTUSB 4FÕPSB EF MPT ©OHFMFT EF &M DMJNB GSÑP RVF SFJOB FO JOWJFSOP MF BQPSUB VOB HBTUSPOPNÑB B MB [POB UÑQJDB EF NPOUBÕB %FTUBDBO FOUSF PUSPT SJDPT NBOKBSFT MBT HBDIBT FM BKP BSSJFSP P MB 0MMB EF 1VFCMP BTÑ DPNP MBT 5PSUBT EF FNCVUJEP P TBSEJOB
: UBNCJÍO &O MB DPNBSDB EF -PT 4FSSBOPT OP DPOWJFOF EFKBS EF WJTJUBS $IFMWB VOB QPCMBDJÖO IJTUÖSJDB FO MB RVF TF QVFEFO SFBMJ[BS FYDVSTJPOFT BM BDVFEVDUP EF 1FÕB $PSUBEB Z FM SFDPSSJEP EF MB MMBNBEB 3VUB EFM "HVB EF LJMÖNFUSPT Z DPO VO EFTQMJFHVF EF MB OBUVSBMF[B BTPNCSPTP 0OUJOZFOU FT MB DBQJUBM EF MB 7BMM E "MCBJEB Z BMCFSHB FM DBNQBOBSJP EF 4BOUB .BSÑB FM NÆT BMUP EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB DPO NFUSPT FM 1PV $MBS VO QBSBKF GMVWJBM EF BHVB DSJTUBMJOB Z MB &SNJUB EF 4BO &TUFWF RVF OPT PGSFDF VOB NBSBWJMMPTB QBOPSÆNJDB EFM QVFCMP 6UJFM FT VO NVOJDJQJP SJDP FO DVFWBT Z QBTBEJ[PT "MCFSHB FM .VTFP EF MB 7JE Z FM 7JOP EFOUSP EF MB #PEFHB 3FEPOEB FEJGJDJP FNCMFNÆUJDP EFM BÕP Z DPOPDJEBT CPEFHBT ZB RVF DPNQBSUF MB % 0 EF 6UJFM 3FRVFOB %FTEF BRVÑ UBNCJÍO QVFEF WJTJUBSTF FM DFSDBOP NVOJDJQJP EF #VOZPM -B WJTJUB B 6UJFM EFCF DPNQMFUBSTF DPO FM 4BOUVBSJP EFM 3FNFEJP 4V VCJDBDJÖO HFPHSÆGJDB FOUSF MBT )PDFT EFM $BCSJFM Z 4PU EF $IFSB MB IBDF JEFBM QBSB UVSJTNP EF NPOUBÕB Z FT JOJDJP EF OVNFSPTBT SVUBT Z FYDVSTJPOFT "MQVFOUF DPOTFSWB SFTUPT IJTUÖSJDPT EF TV BOUJHVB NVSBMMB Z DBTUJMMP QFSP TJO EVEB SFTVMUB EF HSBO BUSBDUJWP MB WJTJUB BM .VTFP 1BMFPOUPMÖHJDP Z TV JNQPSUBOUF DPMFDDJÖO EF GÖTJMFT EF EJOPTBVSJP 1VFEF WJTJUBSTF MB 5PSSF EF MB "MKBNB QVFSUB EF FOUSBEB B MB DJVEBE NFEJFWBM Z BOUJHVB TFEF EFM "ZVOUBNJFOUP &T QVOUP EF QBSUJEB EF SVUBT EF TFOEFSJTNP DJDMPUVSJTNP Z QBTFPT B DBCBMMP
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
"MJDBOUF SFDJCF BM WJTJUBOUF DPO TPM Z TBCPS B NBS 6OB DJVEBE DPTNPQPMJUB Z SJDB FO SFDVSTPT OBUVSBMFT RVF QSFTVNF EF BMHVOBT EF MBT NFKPSFT QMBZBT EF &TQBÕB &M UVSJTNP MBT WJTJUB MPT EÑBT EFM BÕP
-
B DJVEBE EF "MJDBOUF QVFEF QSFTVNJS EF EJTGSVUBS EFM TPM Z EF UFNQFSBUVSBT NÆT RVF BHSBEBCMFT FM EF MPT EÑBT EFM BÕP +VOUP B FTUF QSJWJMFHJBEP DMJNB TF FTDPOEFO NVDIPT SJODPOFT MMFOPT EF FODBOUP 6OP EF FMMPT FT FM DBTDP BOUJHVP DPOPDJEP DPNP &M #BSSJP Z RVF BMCFSHB FEJGJDJPT TPSQSFOEFOUFT DPNP MB $PODBUFESBM EF 4BO /JDPMÆT EF FTUJMP SFOBDFOUJTUB IFSSFSJBOP Z MB #BTÑMJDB EF 4BOUB .BSÑB &TUB QBSUF IJTUÖSJDB EF MB DJVEBE BERVJFSF NVDIB WJEB QPS MB OPDIF TJFOEP QVOUP EF SFVOJÖO EF MPT KÖWFOFT $FSDB EFM DBTDP IJTUÖSJDP FTUÆ FM CBSSJP EF 4BOUB $SV[ PSJHJOBM QPS TVT DPMPSJEBT Z WBSJBEBT DBTBT Z FM FEJGJDJP DJWJM NÆT BOUJHVP EF "MJDBOUF Z RVF BMCFSHB FM ."$" FM .VTFP EF "SUF $POUFNQPSÆOFP 0USPT NVTFPT JNQPSUBOUFT EF MB DJVEBE TPO FM EF #FMMBT "SUFT (SBWJOB .6#"( Z FM "SRVFPMÖHJDP ."32 1PDBT DJVEBEFT QVFEFO QSFTVNJS EF UFOFS VOB QMBZB FO FM NJTNP DFOUSP VSCBOP "MJDBOUF MP QVFEF IBDFS DPO FM 1PTUJHVFU %FTEF MB NJTNB QPEFNPT
BDDFEFS BM JDPOP EF MB DJVEBE FM DBTUJMMP EF 4BOUB #ÆSCBSB %JWJTBS "MJDBOUF EFTEF TVT NVSBMMBT FT VO QSJWJMFHJP " VOPT QBTPT EFM 1PTUJHVFU FTUÆ FM FNCMFNÆUJDP QBTFP EF -B &YQMBOBEB VO MVHBS QFSGFDUP QBSB UPNBS VO BQFSJUJWP Z EJTGSVUBS EF NVMUJUVE EF QVFTUPT EF WFOEFEPSFT RVF EBO WJEB B MB BWFOJEB 4VT QBMNFSBT Z TV TVFMP %F HFOUFT RVF JNJUB MBT PMBT EFM BDPHFEPSBT Z NBS IBDFO EF FTUF BNBCMFT FTQBDJP VO SJODÖO NVZ "MJDBOUF UJFOF SFMBKBOUF /P EFCFNPT UFNQFSBUVSBT PMWJEBS UBNQPDP MB BHSBEBCMFT FM FNCMFNÆUJDB QMBZB EF EF MPT EÑBT -B "MCVGFSFUB EF BSFOB EFM BÕP GJOB Z BM OPSPFTUF EF MB DJVEBE %JTGSVUBS EFM 1BSRVF EF $BOBMFKBT FT PUSP EF MPT QMBDFSFT EF MB DBQJUBM -PT BMJDBOUJOPT MP BQSFDJBO NVDIP QPS TFS FM NÆT BOUJHVP Z QPS BMCFSHBS VOB HSBO WBSJFEBE EF ÆSCPMFT NJMFOBSJPT -PT QBMBEBSFT NÆT FYRVJTJUPT FODVFOUSBO FO TV HBTUSPOPNÑB
1307*/$*" %& "-*$"/5&
&MDIF %PT 1BUSJNPOJPT EF MB )VNBOJEBE IBDFO ÜOJDB B MB DBQJUBM EF MB DPNBSDB EFM #BKP 7JOBMPQÖ &M QSJNFSP EF FMMPT EFTEF FM BÕP FT &M 1BMNFSBM TJO EVEB VOB EF MBT DBSUBT EF QSFTFOUBDJÖO EF MB DJVEBE $PO NÆT EF FKFNQMBSFT FT FM NÆT HSBOEF EF &VSPQB "DUVBMNFOUF UJFOF VOB GVODJÖO NÆT QBJTBKÑTUJDB RVF BHSÑDPMB BVORVF UPEBWÑB QFSTJTUF ÜOJDB FO FM NVOEP MB FMBCPSBDJÖO BSUFTBOBM EF MB QBMNB CMBODB QBSB FM %PNJOHP EF 3BNPT RVF TF FOWÑB B UPEB &TQBÕB F JODMVTP GVFSB EF OVFTUSP QBÑT 1BSB EJTGSVUBSMP IBZ RVF FOUSBS EF MMFOP FO MB SVUB EFM QBMNFSBM RVF DPNJFO[B Z GJOBMJ[B FO FM IVFSUP EF
#FMMPT NVOJDJQJPT FO MB DPTUB Z MBT TFSSBOÑBT "MJDBOUF FTUÆ MMFOB EF FODBOUP FO TV JOUFSJPS 1VFCMPT DPO VO SJDP QBUSJNPOJP DBSHBEPT EF IJTUPSJB FOWVFMUPT EF QBJTBKFT OBUVSBMFT Z TFOEBT JOTÖMJUBT /VNFSPTBT MPDBMJEBEFT FOUSBÕBCMFT EPOEF EJTGSVUBS UBNCJÍO EF VOB HBTUSPOPNÑB JONFKPSBCMF RVF DPNCJOB USBEJDJÖO Z NPEFSOJEBE
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
7JTUBT BM .FEJUFSS¼OFP EFTEF FM $BTUJMMP EF 4BOUB #¼SCBSB VCJDBEP FO FM DFOUSP EF "MJDBOUF TPCSF FM NPOUF #FOBDBOUJM NFEJUFSSÆOFB QMBUPT JNQSFTDJOEJCMFT RVF UPEP WJTJUBOUF EFCF QSPCBS FO "MJDBOUF DPNP TVT BSSPDFT FM UVSSÖO EF +JKPOB Z MB UPÕB MB UÑQJDB NPOB BMJDBOUJOB UPSUB EVMDF EF 1BTDVB -BT )PHVFSBT EF 4BO +VBO TPO MBT GJFTUBT PGJDJBMFT EF
MB DJVEBE Z TF DFMFCSBO EFM BM EF KVOJP -B DSFNÉ EF TVT NPOVNFOUPT FT MB OPDIF EFM OP MB EFM RVF FT MB OPDIF EF 4BO +VBO VOB OPDIF NÆHJDB NBSDBEB UBNCJÍO QPS FM SJUVBM EFM GVFHP QVSJGJDBEPS RVF SFDJCF MB FTUBDJÖO FTUJWBM
&M .JTUFSJ En&MY %FTDFOTP EFM OHFM FO MB .BHSBOB EVSBOUF MB DFMFCSBDJÎO EF FTUF ESBNB TBDSP MÈSJDP SFMJHJPTP
4BO 1MÆDJEP EPOEF TF VCJDB FM .VTFP EFM 1BMNFSBM -B SFQSFTFOUBDJÖO TBDSB EFM .JTUFSJ E &MY FT PUSB EF MBT TFÕBT EF JEFOUJEBE EF MB DJVEBE JMJDJUBOB Z 0CSB .BFTUSB EFM 1BUSJNPOJP 0SBM F *OUBOHJCMF EF MB )VNBOJEBE EFTEF &T VO ESBNB DBOUBEP EF PSJHFO NFEJFWBM SFQSFTFOUBEP BOVBMNFOUF FO EPT BDUPT MPT EÑBT Z EF BHPTUP Z RVF SFMBUB MB EPSNJDJÖO BTVODJÖO Z DPSPOBDJÖO EF MB 7JSHFO .BSÑB &M FTDFOBSJP FT MB CBTÑMJDB CBSSPDB EF 4BOUB .BSÑB NPOVNFOUP QSJODJQBM EF MB DJVEBE &O 4FNBOB 4BOUB MB QSPDFTJÖO EF MBT 1BMNBT #MBODBT EFM %PNJOHP EF 3BNPT FT VO BDUP
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
&M 1BMNFSBM EF &MDIF FT FM NBZPS EF &VSPQB J[RVJFSEB " MB EFSFDIB Z EF BSSJCB B BCBKP GJFTUBT EFM .FEJFWP EF 7JMMFOB EF *OUFSÄT 5VSÈTUJDP EFDMBSBEP EF *OUFSÍT 5VSÑTUJDP *OUFSOBDJPOBM Z FTQFDUBDVMBS UBNCJÍO FT MB DFMFCSBDJÖO EF MB -MVWJB EF "MFMVZBT RVF MB DJFSSB 0SJHJOBSJB EF MB DJVEBE FT VOB EF PCSBT FTDVMUÖSJDBT NÆT EFTUBDBEBT EFM NVOEP MB %BNB EF &MDIF -B PSJHJOBM TF FODVFOUSB FO FM .VTFP "SRVFPMÖHJDP EF .BESJE QFSP IBZ SÍQMJDBT B UBNBÕP SFBM FO MB (MPSJFUB Z FO FM +BSEÑO "SUÑTUJDP /BDJPOBM )VFSUP EFM $VSB &M .VTFP EF 1VTPM JODMVJEP FO FM 3FHJTUSP EF 1SÆDUJDBT &KFNQMBSFT EF MB 6OFTDP SFDPHF B USBWÍT EF PCKFUPT MB IJTUPSJB WJEB BOUJHVB FO MB DJVEBE Z FO FM DBNQP EF &MDIF -B UFSDFSB DJVEBE
NÆT QPCMBEB EF MB $PNVOJEBE 7BMFODJBOB FT UBNCJÍO VOP EF MPT QSJODJQBMFT QSPEVDUPSFT EF DBM[BEP FO &VSPQB "MDPJ 4J QPS BMHP FT DPOPDJEB "MDPJ FT QPS TVT 'JFTUBT EF .PSPT Z $SJTUJBOPT MBT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB Z EFDMBSBEBT EF *OUFSÍT 5VSÑTUJDP *OUFSOBDJPOBM EFTEF 4F DFMFCSBO PGJDJBMNFOUF EFM BM EF BCSJM Z TPO VO BVUÍOUJDP FTQFDUÆDVMP EPOEF QBSUJDJQBO NÆT EF BHSVQBDJPOFT Z FO FM RVF TF WFO BUVFOEPT DBEB BÕP NÆT PSJHJOBMFT &O FM NVTFP EFEJDBEP B FTUBT GJFTUBT TF NVFTUSB UPEB MB
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
Z WJTUB EF MB *HMFTJB GBDIBEB EF FEJGJDJP NPEFSOJTUB Z EFUBMMF EFM DFNFOUFSJP EF "MDPJ Z FM $BTUFMM EF (VBEBMFTU DPRVFUP QVFCMP EF JOUFSJPS USBZFDUPSJB Z FWPMVDJÖO EF FTUB DÍMFCSF GJFTUB 5BNCJÍO EFTUBDB TV $BCBMHBUB EF 3FZFT .BHPT DPOTJEFSBEB MB NÆT BOUJHVB EFM NVOEP "MDPJ FTUÆ JOUFHSBEB EFOUSP EF MB 3VUB &VSPQFB EFM .PEFSOJTNP QPS TV EFTUBDBEP QBUSJNPOJP 4V FKFNQMP EF SFGFSFODJB FT MB $BTB EFM 1BWP VO FEJGJDJP QSJWBEP DPO GJHVSBT EF QBWPT SFBMFT DPOTJEFSBEP TÑNCPMP EFM CJFOFTUBS FDPOÖNJDP RVF "MDPJ UVWP B QSJODJQJPT EFM TJHMP 99 5BNCJÍO GPSNB QBSUF EF MB 3VUB &VSPQFB EF $FNFOUFSJPT -B *HMFTJB EF 4BOU +PSEJ EF FTUJMP OFP CJ[BOUJOP Z EFEJDBEB BM QBUSÖO EF MBT GJFTUBT EF MB MPDBMJEBE FT PUSP EF MPT NPOVNFOUPT EJHOPT EF WJTJUBS "
LJMÖNFUSPT EFM DBTDP VSCBOP TF FODVFOUSB FM 1BSRVF /BUVSBM EF MB 'POU 3PKB FODMBWF QSJWJMFHJBEP CBTBEP FO MB WFHFUBDJÖO EFM CPTRVF NJYUP NFEJUFSSÆOFP -B DBQJUBM EF M "MDPJÉ UBNCJÍO BCSB[B MB 4JFSSB EF .BSJPMB DPOPDJEB QPS TVT WBSJFEBEFT EF IJFSCBT NFEJDJOBMFT -BT BMCÖOEJHBT EF BMBESPD CPRVFSÖO Z MB PMMFUB TPO QSPEVDUPT UÑQJDPT 7JMMFOB &M $BTUJMMP EF "UBMBZB FM FM TÑNCPMP EF MB DJVEBE 6OB GPSUBMF[B TJUVBEB FO VO FOUPSOP JNQFDBCMF -BT WJTUBT RVF PGSFDF TPO SFBMNFOUF QSJWJMFHJBEBT -B *HMFTJB EF 4BOUJBHP FT
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS PUSB EF TVT KPZBT BSRVJUFDUÖOJDBT 4VT DPMVNOBT IFMJDPJEBMFT RVF QBSFDFO BUPSOJMMBS FM FEJGJDJP BM TVFMP OPT SFDVFSEBO NVDIP B FEJGJDJPT FNCMFNÆUJDPT DPNP MB -POKB EF 7BMFODJB &M NVTFP BSRVFPMÖHJDP BMCFSHB MPT UFTPSPT EF 7JMMFOB MB TFHVOEB GPSUVOB ÆVSFB NÆT JNQPSUBOUF EF &VSPQB EFM QFSÑPEP EF MB &EBE EF #SPODF VOPT BÕPT EF BOUJHÞFEBE 0USP NVTFP FT FM EF "OUPOJP /BWBSSP 4BOUBGÍ DPOTJEFSBEP FM NFKPS FTDVMUPS BOJNBMÑTUJDP EF &TQBÕB 6OB EF TVT PCSBT DBQJUBMFT FT FM .POVNFOUP BM 0TP Z FM .BESPÕP EF MB 1VFSUB EFM 4PM EF .BESJE -B GJFTUB EFM .FEJFWP FT VOB EF TVT DJUBT JNQPSUBOUFT PSHBOJ[BEB QPS MPT WFDJOPT EFM CBSSJP EFM 3BCBM QBSB QSPNPDJPOBM FM DBTDP IJTUÖSJDP 4F DFMFCSBO B NJUBE EF NBS[P
$BTUFMM EF (VBEBMFTU &T VOP EF MPT EFTUJOPT EF JOUFSJPS QSFGFSJEP QPS MPT UVSJTUBT QPS TV FTQFDUBDVMBS FNQMB[BNJFOUP KVOUP B VO FOPSNF QFÕÖO SPDPTP Z QPS MB HSBO PGFSUB RVF QSFTFOUB EF NPOVNFOUPT DPNFSDJPT Z NVTFPT %F ÍTUPT ÜMUJNPT BMHVOPT TPO SFBMNFOUF DVSJPTPT DPNP FM EF JOTUSVNFOUPT EF UPSUVSB FM EF WFIÑDVMPT IJTUÖSJDPT P FM EF NJDSPNJOJBUVSBT EPOEF JNQSFTJPOB WFS QPS FKFNQMP MB &TUBUVB EF MB -JCFSUBE EFOUSP EFM PKP EF VOB BHVKB %JTGSVUBS EFM QBJTBKF CMBODP EF TVT DBTBT EF TVT DBMMFT FTUSFDIBT Z EF TVT NJSBEPSFT RVF EBO BM WBMMF EF (VBEBMFTU FT VO QSJWJMFHJP 5JFOF EPT DBTUJMMPT RVF WBMF MB QFOB DPOPDFS DPNP FM EF 4BO +PTÍ Z FM EF "MDP[BJCB -B *HMFTJB EF /VFTUSB 4FÕPSB EF MB "TVODJÖO EF FTUJMP CBSSPDP Z TJUVBEB FO MB QBSUF BOUJHVB EFM QVFCMP FT PUSP EF MPT FEJGJDJPT EF SFGFSFODJB 'JOFTUSBU " MPT QJFT EF MB NÑUJDB NPOUBÕB EFM 1VJH $BNQBOB NFUSPT VO MVHBS JEÖOFP QBSB EJTGSVUBS EF MB OBUVSBMF[B TF BTJFOUB 'JOFTUSBU VO QVFCMP RVF QVFEF QSFTVNJS EF UFOFS VOB NPOUBÕB Z VOB QMBZB FNCMFNÆUJDBT B UBO TÖMP LJMÖNFUSPT EF EJTUBODJB -B $BMB EF 'JOFTUSBU FT TV HSBO UFTPSP OBUVSBM DPTNPQPMJUB Z QPS MB RVF FM NVOJDJQJP OP FTDBUJNB FO TV DVJEBEP 4PO TVT EPT HSBOEFT WBMPSFT 1FSP IBZ NÆT JNÆHFOFT RVF JNQBDUBO B TVT WJTJUBOUFT DPNP MBT DBTBT DPMHBOUFT FNQMB[BEBT FO FM DFSSP EPOEF SFQPTBO MPT DJNJFOUPT EFM QVFCMP P &M $BTUFMM VO NJSBEPS TJUVBEP FO MB [POB NÆT BMUB EF MB MPDBMJEBE Z RVF OPT PGSFDF WJTUBT IBTUB QSÆDUJDBNFOUF MB DJVEBE EF "MJDBOUF
-B 'POU EFM .PMÑ FT PUSP QVOUP JNQPSUBOUF 4JUVBEB FO MB CBTF EFM 1VJH $BNQBOB EJTQPOF EF DBÕPT EF MPT DVBMFT FM DFOUSBM FNBOB VOPT MJUSPT EF BHVB OBUVSBM QPS TFHVOEP
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
$BTUFMMÖO EB DPCJKP B FTQFDUBDVMBSFT QMBZBT SFDÖOEJUPT MVHBSFT EF JOUFSJPS DPO VOB CFMMF[B JOTVQFSBCMF Z VOB WBSJFEBE EF QBJTBKFT OBUVSBMFT JONFOTB 6OB QSPWJODJB MMFOB EF QBUSJNPOJP DVMUVSB Z USBEJDJPOFT
$BTB DPOTJTUPSJBM 7JTUB OPDUVSOB EF MB 1MB[B .BZPS EF $BTUFMMÎO 5SBT MB GVFOUF FM FEJGJDJP RVF BDPHF FM "ZVOUBNJFOUP BTUFMMÖO BHMVUJOB IJTUPSJB Z NPEFSOJEBE GSVUP EF MB FYQBOTJÖO RVF UVWP MB DJVEBE FO FM TJHMP 9*9 &M TÑNCPMP EF MB DJVEBE FT TJO EVEB MB UPSSF DBNQBOBSJP DPOPDJEB DPNP FM 'BESÑ EFM TJHMP 97* TJUVBEB FO MB 1MB[B .BZPS Z EF NFUSPT EF BMUVSB "MCFSHB MB USBEJDJPOBM &OGBSPMÉ EF MB .BHEBMFOB Z BOVODJB MBT IPSBT Z MPT
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
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: UBNCJÍO
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
(BTUSPOPNÑB
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
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GSVUB WBMFODJBOB QPS FYDFMFODJB Z MB IPSDIBUB EF DIVGB VO EVMDF SFGSFTDP
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5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
5VSJTNP -(5#
6OB UJFSSB EF NFOUF BCJFSUB Z NVZ UPMFSBOUF
B $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB FT VOB UJFSSB FO MB RVF UPEBT MBT QFSTPOBT TPO CJFO SFDJCJEBT 6O QVFCMP EF NFOUF BCJFSUB Z UPMFSBOUF "NQMJBT QMBZBT DBMBT ÑOUJNBT VOB HBTUSPOPNÑB SFDPOPDJEB B OJWFM JOUFSOBDJPOBM VOB PGFSUB DVMUVSBM DPO MVHBSFT ÜOJDPT CPVUJRVFT DPO MBT ÜMUJNBT UFOEFODJBT IBDFO EF FTUB UJFSSB VO MVHBS ÜOJDP QBSB RVF FM DPMFDUJWP -(5# TF FODVFOUSF UPUBMNFOUF B HVTUP F JOUFHSBEP "TJNJTNP FT EF TPCSB DPOPDJEB MB JOUFOTB WJEB OPDUVSOB RVF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB PGSFDF B MPT WJTJUBOUFT %JTGSVUBS EF MB OPDIF FT GÆDJM HSBDJBT B MB WBSJBEB PGFSUB EF QVCT EJTDPUFDBT Z TIPXT RVF FYJTUFO UBOUP FO MVHBSFT FYDMVTJWPT -(#5 DPNP FO MVHBSFT -(#5 GSJFOEMZ &O 7BMFODJB QPS FKFNQMP TF QVFEF EJTGSVUBS EFM BNCJFOUF HBZ FO UPEB TV FTFODJB FO CBSSJPT DPNP &M $BSNFO P 3V[BGB EPOEF TF IBO BCJFSUP CBSFT UJFOEBT HJNOBTJPT Z EJTDPUFDBT 1PS PUSB QBSUF FYJTUFO EJWFSTPT FWFOUPT FTQFDÑGJDPT FO MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB DPNP FM #FOJEPSN 1SJEF P FM .PODPGB 0SHVMM RVF TF DFMFCSB MB QSJNFSB TFNBOB EF KVMJP F JODMVZF UPEP UJQP EF BDUJWJEBEFT DPNP UBMMFSFT QBTBDBMMFT P CBUVDBEBT Z MB DFMFCSBDJÖO EFM EÑB EFM PSHVMMP -(#5 RVF TF MMFWB B DBCP BOVBMNFOUF FM EF KVOJP DPO FM GJO EF SFJWJOEJDBS MB UPMFSBODJB Z MB JHVBMEBE EFM DPMFDUJWP IPNPTFYVBM 3FTQFDUP B MBT QMBZBT FYJTUFO FO MB DPNVOJEBE WBSJBT EPOEF QPEFS EJTGSVUBS FO MJCFSUBE EF TVT [POBT OBUVSJTUBT P SFDÖOEJUBT DBMBT " VOPT EJF[ LJMÖNFUSPT EF 7BMFODJB QSÖYJNB B &M 4BMFS MB EF 1JOFEP FT MB QMBZB HBZ OVEJTUB QPS BOUPOPNBTJB EF MB DBQJUBM &M QÜCMJDP RVF MB WJTJUB TF DPODFOUSB FOUSF MBT EVOBT -B QMBZB EFM 3FCPMMP EF "MJDBOUF FT NVZ GSFDVFOUBEB QPS HFOUF EF MB DJVEBE Z EF &MDIF &O FM QJOBS RVF IBZ BM GJOBM EF MB NJTNB TF
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-B $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB EJTQPOF EF QMBZBT FOGPDBEBT BM OBUVSJTNP
&M #FOJEPSN 1SJEF FT VOB EF MBT DJUBT DMBWF EFM DPMFDUJWP -(5# -B ZB USBEJDJPOBM #FOJEPSN 1SJEF TF DFMFCSBSÆ FTUF BÕP EFM BM EF TFQUJFNCSF 6OB TFNBOB EF EJWFSTJÖO BM BJSF MJCSF DPO VOB BNQMJB PGFSUB EF BDUVBDJPOFT Z EF SFTUBVSBOUFT NVZ BUSBDUJWB &O TF DPOUBCJMJ[BSPO NÆT EF QBSUJDJQBOUFT VO EBUP RVF EFNVFTUSB MB DPOTPMJEBDJÖO EF FTUF GFTUJWBM -B QSJODJQBM BUSBDDJÖO QBSB MPT WJTJUBOUFT FT EJTGSVUBS EF MBT QMBZBT EF BSFOB Z EFM DBTDP BOUJHVP EPOEF TF NF[DMB MB DPNVOJEBE HBZ UBOUP WJTJUBOUFT DPNP BOGJUSJPOFT &M #FOJEPSN 1SJEF FTUÆ DPOTJEFSBEB MB TFYUB HSBO FTDBQBEB HBZ
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
Z B DPMFDUJWPT -(5# 6OB UJFSSB EF NFOUF BCJFSUB Z UPMFSBCMF EPOEF UPEP FM NVOEP FT SFDJCJEP DPO MPT CSB[PT BCJFSUPT
PSHBOJ[BO GJFTUBT -(5# TPCSF UPEP FO MB ÍQPDB FTUJWBM -B QMBZB EF &M 4BMBEBS EF MB DJVEBE EF "MJDBOUF FT PUSP EF MPT QVOUPT SFGFSFOUFT Z BDPHFEPSFT QBSB FTUF DPMFDUJWP
-PT +PDT 5BSPOKB TPO VO UPSOFP EFQPSUJWP -(5# SFGFSFOUF FO MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB 1PS PUSB QBSUF FO MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB TF DFMFCSBO MPT QPQVMBSFT +PDT 5BSPOKB VO UPSOFP EFQPSUJWP JOUFSOBDJPOBM RVF PSHBOJ[B FM $MVC -(5# 4BNBSVDT 7BMFODJB Z RVF UJFOF DPNP PCKFUJWP MB QSPNPDJÖO EF MB BDUJWJEBE EFQPSUJWB
EF UPEPT QBSUJFOEP EFM QSJODJQJP EF JOUFHSBDJÖO Z EF OP EJTDSJNJOBDJÖO "DUVBMNFOUF FYJTUFO DVBUSP TFDDJPOFT DPNP TPO OBUBDJÖO WPMFJCPM NPOUBÕJTNP Z GÜUCPM &TUF BÕP TF IB DFMFCSBEP MB RVJOUB FEJDJÖO EF VOB DPNQFUJDJÖO RVF BÕP USBT BÕP TF DPOTPMJEB DPNP PUSB EF MBT BDUJWJEBEFT SFGFSFOUFT -(5# 4J B UPEP FTUP MF TVNBNPT VOB BNQMJB PGFSUB DVMUVSBM FO NVTFPT VOB HBTUSPOPNÑB BEBQUBEB B UPEPT MPT QBMBEBSFT HSBOEFT UJFOEBT EF NPEB EPOEF EJTGSVUBS EF MBT NBSDBT OBDJPOBMFT F JOUFSOBDJPOBMFT BTÑ DPNP MBT EF MPT EJTFÕBEPSFT WBMFODJBOPT RVF IBO BDDFEJEP B MB QSJNFSB MÑOFB EF MB NPEB RVFEB DMBSP RVF MB WBMFODJBOB FT VOB UJFSSB BEBQUBEB QBSB UPEPT MPT QÜCMJDPT
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
3VUBT DVMUVSBMFT
-FHBEPT IJTUÖSJDPT RVF EFKBSPO IVFMMB
BT SVUBT DVMUVSBMFT TPO VOB PQPSUVOJEBE QBSB EFTDVCSJS FM MFHBEP BSUÑTUJDP DVMUVSBM Z QBUSJNPOJBM EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB 6OB UJFSSB DVZBT DJVEBEFT Z NVOJDJQJPT BUFTPSBO BVUÍOUJDBT KPZBT FO GPSNB EF NVTFPT EF BSUF +PTÍ 4FHSFMMFT FO "MCBJEB NVTFPT UFNÆUJDPT
-B 3VUB EF MB 4FEB
&M 4BOUP (SJBM FTUÆ FO 7BMFODJB
-B SJRVF[B EFM USBKF SFHJPOBM WBMFODJBOP TF EFCF B MB TFEB
-B SFMJRVJB FT MB RVF +FTVDSJTUP VUJMJ[Ö FO MB ÜMUJNB DFOB
&O 7BMFODJB QBTÖ B GPSNBS QBSUF EF MB 3VUB EF MB 4FEB &M FTQMFOEPS WBMFODJBOP FO MB QSPEVDDJÖO EF TFEB DSVEB EBUB EFM TJHMP 97** &O MB DJVEBE EJGFSFOUFT FEJGJDJPT USBOTNJUFO MB SJRVF[B EF MB ÍQPDB DPNP MB -POKB EF MB 4FEB EF
7BMFODJB PCSB NBFTUSB EFM HÖUJDP WBMFODJBOP &M CBSSJP EF 7FMMVUFST BSUFTBOPT EF MB TFEB FO WBMFODJBOP DPO FM NVTFP EF "SUF .BZPS EF MB TFEB FO QSPDFTP EF SFTUBVSBDJÖO FM DPMFHJP EFM "SUF .BZPS EF MB 4FEB P FM NVTFP EF MB 4FEB EF .PODBEB UBNCJÍO GPSNBO QBSUF EF FTUB SVUB BUSBDUJWB F JOFMVEJCMF QBSB FM UVSJTNP DVMUVSBM
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%FTEF MB $BQJMMB EFM 4BOUP $ÆMJ[ EF MB $BUFESBM EF 7BMFODJB HVBSEB VOB EF MBT SFMJRVJBT NÆT BENJSBEBT QPS MB *HMFTJB $BUÖMJDB FM 4BOUP (SJBM -PT 1BQBT 1BCMP ** FO Z #FOFEJDUP 97* FO FM IJDJFSPO VTP EFM
NJTNP FO MBT SFTQFDUJWBT NJTBT &M QFSFHSJOBKF EFM 4BOUP $ÆMJ[ IBTUB 7BMFODJB OPT MMFWB EF 3PNB BM .POBTUFSJP EF 4BO +VBO EF MB 1FÕB )VFTDB QBTBOEP QPS ;BSBHP[B QBSB BDBCBS FO MB DJVEBE EFM 5ÜSJB &T MB MMBNBEB 3VUB EFM 4BOUP (SJBM RVF WJODVMB B "SBHÖO Z B MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
+VHVFUF FO *CJ BSRVFPMÖHJDPT .VTFP EF MB 7BMMUPSUB FO 5ÑSJH FSNJUBT Z NPOBTUFSJPT SVUB EF MPT NPOBTUFSJPT DBTUJMMPT 4BHVOUP 9ÉUJWB DFOUSPT IJTUÖSJDPT RVF HVBSEBO MBT IVFMMBT EF TVT EJGFSFOUFT DJWJMJ[BDJPOFT -MÑSJB 3FRVFOB #PDBJSFOU BSUF SVQFTUSF MB 4JFSSB EF "JUBOB FT
VOB EF MBT [POBT NÆT QSPGVTBT FO QJOUVSBT SVQFTUSFT 5PEP VO UFTPSP DVMUVSBM RVF IBDF EF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB VOB UJFSSB SJDB FO WFTUJHJPT DBQBDFT EF DPOWJWJS DPO MBT FEJGJDBDJPOFT NÆT WBOHVBSEJTUBT DPNP QPS FKFNQMP MB $JVEBE EF MBT "SUFT Z MBT $JFODJBT
&M DBTUJMMP EFM 1BQB -VOB
-B FTUJSQF EF MPT #PSHJB
-B GPSUBMF[B EF 1FÕÑTDPMB GPDP EF BUSBDDJÖO UVSÑTUJDB
-B GBNJMJB WBMFODJBOB NÆT VOJWFSTBM
&M DBTUJMMP EF 1FÕÑTDPMB UJFOF FM QSJWJMFHJP EF IBCFS TJEP 4FEF 1POUJGJDJB VOB EF MBT USFT RVF IB IBCJEP B MP MBSHP EF MB IJTUPSJB 4JSWJÖ EF SFGVHJP EF % 1FESP EF -VOB FM 1BQB -VOB #FOFEJDUP 9*** .ÆT EF UVSJTUBT MP WJTJUBO
BOVBMNFOUF &T PUSB EF MBT GJHVSBT RVF SFBM[BO MB VOJÖO EF MB HFPHSBGÑB WBMFODJBOB DPO "SBHÖO ZB RVF FO FM QVFCMP EF *MMVFDB OBDJÖ FM 1BQB -VOB " MPT QJFT EFM DBTUJMMP FODPOUSBNPT VOB HSBO GJHVSB FO CSPODF EF FTUF QFSTPOBKF IJTUÖSJDP EF NÆT EF LJMPHSBNPT Z SFBMJ[BEB QPS FM FTDVMUPS 4FSHJP #MBODP
-B 3VUB EF MPT #PSHJB SFDPHF MB IVFMMB Z FM FTQMFOEPS EF TFHVSBNFOUF MB GBNJMJB WBMFODJBOB NÆT JOUFSOBDJPOBM Z EF MB RVF EPT EF TVT NJFNCSPT TF QSPDMBNBSPO 1BQBT $BMJYUP *** Z "MFKBOESP 7* "NCPT TPO MBT
GJHVSBT DMBWF EF FTUB FTUJSQF RVF EFKBSPO TV SBTUSP FO MVHBSFT EF PSJHFO Z QBTP DPNP $BOBMT 9ÉUJWB 4JNBU EF MB 7BMMEJHOB (BOEJB Z 7BMFODJB &M 1BMBDJP %VDBM EF (BOEÑB MB $PMFHJBUB Z MB &SNJUB EF 4BOUB "OB EF 9ÉUJWB MB DBUFESBM EF 7BMFODJB P MB JHMFTJB EF 4BO /JDPMÆT TPO NPOVNFOUPT DMBWF FO FTUB SVUB DVMUVSBM
5VSJTNP $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB
.JM UFTPSPT QPS EFTDVCSJS
1BSBKFT OBUVSBMFT Z EFQPSUFT
/PSJB IJESBÕMJDB EF NBEFSB FO $BTBT EFM 3ÈP BMEFB EF 3FRVFOB 7BMFODJB &T EFM TJHMP 97*** TJHVF PQFSBUJWB Z FTU¼ KVOUP BM SÈP $BCSJFM
&ODMBWFT EF CFMMF[B TJOHVMBS FO FOUPSOPT QSJWJMFHJBEPT BSB MPT BNBOUFT EF MB OBUVSBMF[B WJTJUBS BMHVOPT EF MPT QBSBKFT OBUVSBMFT RVF UJFOF MB $PNVOJUBU 7BMFODJBOB FT VOB PQDJÖO BUSBDUJWB QBSB EJTGSVUBS Z QBTBS VO EÑB EJGFSFOUF FO GBNJMJB DPO BNJHPT P QSBDUJDBOEP EFQPSUF
1
-BT )PDFT EFM $BCSJFM FO MB DPNBSDB EF 3FRVFOB 6UJFM TF FODVFOUSB FM QBSRVF OBUVSBM NÆT FYUFOTP EFM UPEP FM UFSSJUPSJP WBMFODJBOP DPO IFDUÆSFBT &M SÑP $BCSJFM FT FM FKF WFSUFCSBEPS EF FTUF QBSBKF )BZ RVF EFTUBDBS TVT EPT GPSNBDJPOFT HFPMÖHJDBT NÆT SFMFWBOUFT RVF TPO -PT $VDIJMMPT Z -BT )PDFT -B 4JFSSB $BMEFSPOB TF FODVFOUSB FOUSF MBT QSPWJODJBT EF 7BMFODJB Z $BTUFMMÖO 4V DVNCSF NÆT WJTJUBEB FT MB EFM (BSCÑ FOUSF MPT UÍSNJOPT EF 4FSSB &TUJWFMMB Z "MCBMBU EFMT 5BSPOHFST -B SVUB RVF UF MMFWB B TV NJSBEPS UF SFDPNQFOTB DPO VOBT WJTUBT FTQFDUBDVMBSFT EFM QBSBKF 4V GMPSB QJOP DBSSBTDP CSF[P Z TV GBVOB ÆHVJMB HBUP NPOUÍT TPO NVZ EJWFSTBT -B 4JFSSB EF .BSJPMB FT VOB DJUB EF UVSJTNP SVSBM JOFMVEJCMF QPS TFS VO MVHBS TPSQSFOEFOUF MMFOP EF NPOUBÕBT WBMMFT FSNJUBT Z GVFOUFT Z QPS MBT QPCMBDJPOFT EF TV FOUPSOP %FTUBDB QPS TV HSBO WBSJFEBE EF IJFSCBT BSPNÆUJDBT DPO MBT RVF
TF SFBMJ[BO NVDIBT CFCJEBT UÑQJDBT EF MB [POB -B BTDFOTJÖO BM QJDP .POUDBCSFS MB DJNB NÆT BMUB EFM QBSRVF Z MBT DBWBT DPOTUSVJEBT FO TV ÍQPDB QBSB BMNBDFOBS OJFWF NFSFDFO VOB WJTJUB &M 1FOZBHPMPTB &M (FHBOU EF 1FESB FT FM QJDP NÆT BMUP EFM NBDJ[P NFUSPT EF BMUJUVE ¿OJDBNFOUF FM $FSSP $BMEFSÖO DPO TVQFSB MB DPUB EF FTUF OÜDMFP NPOUBÕPTP -B 4JFSSB EF &TQBEÆO BM TVS EF MB QSPWJODJB EF $BTUFMMÖO FT FM TFHVOEP FTQBDJP QSPUFHJEP NÆT FYUFOTP &M DPSDIP FT EF MPT NÆT WBMPSBEPT EFM NVOEP -B HBTUSPOPNÑB EF MB [POB FT DPOPDJEB QPS TVT BDFJUFT &M QBSRVF EF MB 'POU 3PKB BM OPSUF EF "MJDBOUF FT VO HSBO FKFNQMP EF CPTRVF NJYUP NFEJUFSSÆOFP %FTEF TV QVOUP NÆT FMFWBEP FM .FOFKBEPS TF QVFEFO EJTGSVUBS NBSBWJMMPTBT WJTUBT FO EÑBT TPMFBEPT B MB JTMB 5BCBSDB &M QBSRVF OBUVSBM EF MB "MCVGFSB FT VOB EF MBT [POBT IÜNFEBT NÆT JNQPSUBOUFT EF &TQBÕB 6O QBSBKF EF HSBO WBMPS FDPMÖHJDP EPOEF IJCFSOBO BWFT BDVÆUJDBT ÜOJDBT -B FTUBNQB EFM BUBSEFDFS FTUÆ MMFOB EF SPNBOUJDJTNP 1PS PUSB QBSUF QSBDUJDBS EFQPSUF NJFOUSBT TF EFTDVCSF MB CFMMF[B EF MPT QBJTBKFT FT PUSB BMUFSOBUJWB (SBDJBT B MB TFÕBMJ[BDJÖO EF MPT DBNJOPT FM TFOEFSJTNP FT VOB EF MBT NFKPSFT PQDJPOFT KVOUP DPO MB CJDJDMFUB &YJTUFO EJWFSTPT DFOUSPT #55 VO FTQBDJP EF BDDFTP MJCSF QBSB MBT NPVOUBJO CJLFT DPO VOB SFE EF SVUBT RVF FTUÆO TFÕBMJ[BEBT -PT BNBOUFT EF MB FTDBMBEB DVFOUBO DPO CFMMBT BTDFOTJPOFT QBSB EJTGSVUBS EF MPT
4FOEFSJTNP ANPVOUBJO CJLF P DBOPB TPO BMHVOPT EF MPT EFQPSUFT RVF TF QSBDUJDBO FO QMFOB OBUVSBMF[B QBSBKFT 7JMMFOB -MÑSJB P .POUBOFKPT TPO QVFCMPT EF HSBO BSSBJHP FO MB QSÆDUJDB EF FTUF EFQPSUF -B DBOPB OBWFHBS QPS BHVBT EF FNCBMTFT P QBOUBOPT TPO PUSBT BDUJWJEBEFT EF PDJP RVF TF QVFEFO QSBDUJDBS FO MBT )PDFT EFM $BCSJFM P MB 4JFSSB EF &TQBEÆO &O 4FNBOB 4BOUB TVFMF DPNFO[BS MB UFNQPSBEB Z NVDIBT FNQSFTBT JODMVZFO PGFSUBT EF BMPKBNJFOUP DPO FM EJTGSVUF EF FTUB UÍDOJDB BTÑ DPNP FM NBUFSJBM Z FM TFHVSP &M CBSSBORVJTNP FM SBGUJOH FM USFLLJOH TPO PUSBT BMUFSOBUJWBT EF EFQPSUF FO QMFOB OBUVSBMF[B