2018 Portfolio - Lu, Nien-Chen

Page 1

Port fo l i o 2016-2019 Selected Works

Nien-Chen Lu



Design Portfolio 2016-2019

呂念臻 Lu, Nien-Chen Email : jn691025@gmail.com Mobile : +886 919 542 492 Nationality : Taiwan

Education

Awards Honorable Mention Design Resilience in Asia 2018, Singapore [ Agri-Penetration / Design Productive City in Four Rings NCKU Team B : Lu Nien-Chen, Lin Yuan-Chang, Pan Nian-Syuan, Li Hsin-Lun, Chen Yi-Ran, Yi Teng, Chen Wei-Hao ] Aug 2018

Internship

National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan March II Design by Research - GPA

Bio-architecture Formosana

National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan Bachelor of Architecture - GPA

JJPan and Partners, Architects and Planners

Sep 2015 - Jan 2016

Sep 2017 - Jan 2019

Jul 2013 - Sep 2013

Sep 2012 - Jul 2017

Skills Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustration Adobe Indesign Autocad Sketchup Rhino Grasshopper

Workshop Design Resilience in Asia 2018 Aug 2018, Singapore

MOE Scholarship Program for Oversea Study in Art and Design Workshop Jul 2018

Super Contextualism and the Micro City Apr 2015

AA International Taoyuan Ponds Workshop Sep 2015

3



| Contents |

Selected Works 2016-2019

01

| Design Thesis | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Taipei, Taiwan

p.07-20

02

| Student Competition| Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Bangkok, Singapore

p.21-26

03

| Workshop | MOE Scholarship Program Workshop - Shading Tainan,2018 Tainan, Taiwan

p.27-36

04

| Undergraduate Work | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Kaohsiung, Taiwan

p.37-50

05

| Undergraduate Work | Market Design by Research, 2016 International studies & Tainan, Taiwan

p.51-65

5



01 | Design Thesis | Living with Water Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Taipei, Taiwan


Design Thesis Living with Water Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island 2019 Site : She-Zi Island, Taipei Advisors : Prof. Maw-Chang Yen, Prof. Wei-Cheng Lo Taipei What is the best way to cope with flooding is always a controversial issue in the extreme weather environment. As the sea level rises recently, it brings a strong impact on the environment. Urban sprawl leads to the decrease area of natural land. The river is limited by dyke so there is no room for redundant water and heavy rain. Flooding is more serious in SHE-ZI Island, located in the low land in Taipei, flooding and inundation become more serious than other areas. Therefore, establishing urban and architecture regulation with flooding risk analysis is the first priority. T h ro u g h P S E D s i m u l at i o n , t h e a c c u rate inundation area, lasting time and flooding depth can be predicted. Analysis of the flooding area with 100-year return period raining data and integrate all the data with existing topography to get the f lo o ding risk map. According to this map, further regulation, zoning area can be defined. E x p e c t i n g t h e f l o o d i n g zo n i n g ca n h e l p people rethink how to living with water a n d n at u ra l e nv i ro n m e nt . T h e b e st way t o l i v e i n a s u sta i n a b l e e nv i ro n m e n t i s to re s p e c t n at u re i n ste a d o f p ro te c t i n g p e o p l e f ro m d i s a s t e rs . T h e r e fo r e , t h i s design thesis focus on setting up urban and architectural design regulation in flooding areas. Moreover, assessing the structure of existing buildings and decide to rebuild it or extend it will have different regulation and construction suggestions. Finally, I choose a site in SHE-ZI Island as a design example for fulfilling the regulations. I want to provide a future imagination of living with water and broaden the perspective and measurement of flooding area. 8

She-Zi Island

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


01

9


2018.06.28 設計整合研究

Environmental Analysis W i t h t h e g u i d a n c e o f P r o f. W e i C h e n g L o, I sta r te d t h e re s e a rc h by analysis flooding factors. The area with provided grid system is the river basin in Taipei. With the meteorological and hyd ro l o g i ca l d ata b a s e , t h e f l o o d i n g area, water height and lasting time can be precisely predicted.

圖(十二) PSED模擬成果

Flooding Mapping After completing the analysis, I mapped it with the living density map in Taipei. I realized most area in Taipei city do are not appropriate for living, especially the riverside is easily damaged by inundation.

圖(十三) 淹水時間與人口分布

11

Land Use Analysis I investigated the land use and visualize the information into permeability color codes. The urban area are occupied with permanent buildings which can be improved into better use and resiliency.

10

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


01

PSED Flooding Simulation This simulation helps me to make decision on how to apply flooding treatments on She-Zi Island. The flooding time do not last long in Taiwan, applying flexible treatments on She-Zi Island is plausible.

With holistic regulation restricting the building space in this area can effectively turn flooding into an energetic activity that all residents can enjoy.

11


彈性規範區 ( 建築物須投保洪水險 ) 強制規範區 ( 強制規定地面層為公共使用 ) 禁建區

( 不得建築,僅供景觀使用 )

河川

Zoning

Landscape Area

Restrictions

12

Restricted land use for greenary. No permition for building construction in this area.

Restricted Area Buildings need to correspond to new flooding regulations.

Flexible Area Regulated by existing regulations.

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


01

ZONE – D

( 0-30cm

)

ZONE – C

( 30-90cm

)

ZONE – B

( 90-150cm )

ZONE – A

( 150-210cm )

河川

Water Depth

10 cm

30cm

Problems

Paralyzed traffic, hard to transport.

Hard to walk, people with disabilities should seek for refuge.

60cm

90cm

Fire can be sparked byflooded electronic sockets.

90-150cm

150-210cm

210-270cm

Stay at upper floors until the flooding fades.

13


禁建區

14

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


01

強制規範區

15


Site

Design Proposal

Existing Situations

16

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


01 Unit A

Unit B

Unit C

Design Living Units

17


01

Perspective 01 18

02

Perspective 02

2019 Portfolio | Living with Water - Envision Future Living in She-Zi Island, 2019 Design Thesis


03

Design Section

04

05

Design Section

Perspective 03

Perspective 04

Perspective 05



02 | Student Competition| Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Bangkok, Singapore


Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Student Competition Honorable Mention Site : Chao-Phraya River, Bangkok Advisors : Prof. Hsueh Cheng-Luen, Architect Chang Ho-Ling Team Members : Lu Nien-Chen, Lin YuanChang, Pan Nian-Syuan, Li Hsin-Lun, Chen Yi-Ran, Yi Teng, Chen Wei-Hao Bangkok The Chao Phraya River is always the most important waterway in Bangkok city. Port commercial and shipping transportation system are important to Bangkok. Besides, the Chao Phraya River is a major approach fo r w a t e r b u s i n e s s , c ro s s - r i v e r fe r r i e s , and water taxis. More than 50,000 people rely on taking ferries to commute e v e r y d ay. T h e re a re 1 5 c i rc u l a t i o n s a t rivers and canals. The close relationship b e t w e e n w a t e r a n d c i t i ze n p u s h e s t h e developments aside waterfronts. The view of waterfront areas at Chao Phraya River includes vertical urban centres, high-rise hotels, condominiums, traditional housing, industrial buildings, warehouses, solemn temples, churches and civic buildings. The complexity around riverside somehow is not an appropriate way to enhance the city resiliency. We t e m p t e d t o i m p r o v e t h e c i t y s c a p e by rev iv in g agricu lt ure syste m , w h i c h i s neglected now, to improve the resilience in Bangkok. Therefore, we chose three old canals around the mainstream of the Chao Phraya River and investigated the existing environments to get further information for renovating agriculture systems. We also studied crops traits to select suitable crops that keep better tolerance to flooding. After a three-month investigation and discussion on these areas, we elaborated the design into three types of innovated agriculture and intend to remind residents the feeling of getting close to water.

22

2019 Portfolio | Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Student Competition

Chao Phraya River


02

A f te r st u d y i n g t h e d i ffe re n c e s between the two sides of the Chao Phraya River, we found that there are two important factors affecting the river program and developments. Different width of a river and the percentage of urbanized areas are the main factors. These factors directly change the land use and building arrangements around a river. Upper stream area with a narrow canal and less development involved is designed to be a conservation area, which focuses on preserving natural and environmental resources. The second canal is designed with productive agriculture, which depends on producing and processing crops as local income. The third canal nearing Bangkok city will become an agri-tourism area, which aims at providing a new combination of agriculture with existing programs and attracts tourists to engage in water activities with local people.

23


Mangrove Nursing Retention Landscape

Local Green Markets Restoration Forest

Roof Garden Farmers Housing

We designed the new arrangement of agriculture and extended it both sides of the riverbank. Floating nursing system replaces the existing dreary waterfront and connects with the conservation areas. Furthermore, it provides a better ecological cycle and increases the lifespan of plantations. The new housing units are made of wood which is sustainable in a long term. In addition, the place is designed for overcoming disasters and enhancing the flexibility of space arrangements. Thes buildings provide several programs for local residents, such as the farmers' market, roof gardens. The market on the ground floor is a space for people to exchange crops, interact with each others while doing farmworks. Public spaces connecting private living units are arranged on the second floor where people are connected through semi-open corridors. The final part is the roof garden which correspond to the greenery at other spaces and offers different ways to plant crops.

24

2019 Portfolio | Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Student Competition


02

Package

Experimental agricultureal land Processing

Multi-functional water space Warehouse Landscape design is an approach to create new space for efficient agriculture. The warehouse and agri-industry unveil the process of producing and packaging. The agriindustry based on technology and skills is supported by surrounding farm activities. Besides, seasonal farming activities are included in various programs. The production line not only protects natural resources properly but also reconstructs intimacy between residents and agriculture. There are production lines close to the water, the relationship between farming and water ensures the flood detention function is achieved when the flood season is fully utilized, provided that the water source is fully utilized. Our design adopt two different water treatments: (1) combining some of the original channels to renovated water farm system that effectively filter and purify water and retain water (2) designing the envrionment with landscape diversity which retains water and provides better spaces for residents. 25


Agri-B&B Agri-Shops Elevated Garden

Food Park / Kitchen Garden

Aquaponic Farm

Food Park / Kitchen Garden Bangkok Noi River is a developing area nearby the most prosperous region, Bangkok City Center. We hope to revive old canals by designing agricultural landscape. Therefore, fragmental farmland is our main approach, providing more space for crops, people, activities and also water. These programs encourage people to get closer to nature and water by improving the resiliency of the city. Elevated spaces prevent people from hurt by flooding. Labs include a large greenhouse at first floor, lab rooms for examining crops on the second floor. Other programs include multi-housing combined, agri-shops at first floor for elaborate products, agri-B&B(Bed & Breakfast), hostels with agriculture practice and kitchen garden for healthy food resources provide higher living quality with farming in the city.

26

2019 Portfolio | Design Resilience in Asia, 2018 Student Competition


03 | Workshop | MOE Scholarship Program Workshop Shading Tainan, 2018 Tainan, Taiwan


MOE Scholorship Program Workshop - Shading Tainan 2018 Second Ranking in Final Score Site : Kai Long Temple, Tainan This Design aims at designing a distinctive Tainan City issue in personal interpretations. By analysing the existing environment and urban texture in Taina, I realized that the extremely hot weather prevents people from exposing to the sun. Pedestrian are used to walk under the shadow. This highlights the importance of covering on the street.

Tainan

I noticed that lanes are narrow and cooler than main streets, besides, lanes lead people to temple plazas, which are the most important place for local people. However, the existing lanes are not of good quality. Shading in lanes are not continuous and most of them are constructed by residents without consideration of safety. Therefore, with the observation of shading in lanes, I try to give a capillary surgery which improves the shading. I hope to improve the shading system by providing an installation into lanes around KaiLong Temple. The most distinctive part of this design proposal is to apply different shadow textures to the installation. After finished the shadow texture observation, I decided to apply rice paper as a material in the installation. Rice paper will be damaged by rain and create changing the texture by weather. Furthermore, the installation is a temporary structure made of wood which is sustainable and flexible.

Kai Long Temple

In this one-week design practice, I learned the way the swiftly catch a concept and develop it into a complete design proposal. It is a meaningful experience.

28

2019 Portfolio | Shading Tainan - MOE Scholarship Program Workshop, 2018 Workshop


03

Concept Mapping - Capillary Surgery in Tainan City

29


Site Analysis

Current Situation

Ambiguous Boundaries

1.3m

1.7m

4.4m

30

2.5m

3.5m

11m

2019 Portfolio | Shading Tainan - MOE Scholarship Program Workshop, 2018 Workshop


03

Installation Sections

Abandoned Market

Design Programs

Abandoned Market

Shadow Simulation

Noon Strolling After School Vendors Dinning Night Market Vendors Commute Exercise Traditional Market

Midnight

31


Shading Concept Drawings

The white part will decompose after several times of rain, and this shading texture will appear.

Considering the material of this installation, I wanted to figure out a changing material alters by time. Besides, with the observation analysis of different textures of shadow, I decided to apply translucent material in order to create a texture of shadow. These tex tures are hints to materials or conversation between them. Furthermore, the concept drawing is what I intend to compose with rice paper, which will decompose after several times of rain and make it a temporary installation and appear in different time. Later on, I studied how the rice paper performs with multiple layers and structures and recorded the light effect of it.

32

Shadow Textures

2019 Portfolio | Shading Tainan - MOE Scholarship Program Workshop, 2018 Workshop


03

Concept Models

Concept Models

Space Perspective

33


Site Plan

Design Section

Abandoned Market

Historical Park Kai-Long Temple

34

2019 Portfolio | Shading Tainan - MOE Scholarship Program Workshop, 2018 Workshop


03

Pocket Park

Temple Plaza Stores, Dinning and Bookstores

Cooling Pool

Inner land with housing

Entrance Main Road

35


Night Time Perspective

Day Time Perspective

36

2019 Portfolio | Shading Tainan - MOE Scholarship Program Workshop, 2018 Workshop


04 | Undergraduate Work | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Kaohsiung, Taiwan


Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Site : Shing-Fu River, Kaohsiung Advisor : Chang, Ho-Ling

Introduction The design studio is led by Chang, Ho-Ling architect. He intended to teach us to start from a research topic then develop it into design proposal. As the site located at Shing-Fu River, which is polluted and ignored by Kaohsiung citizens. I decided to study the demographic and development in the city to figure out the key elements for developing Kaohsiung into a better city.

Kaohsiung

According to statistics of annual population and developing building types investigation, there is still constant construction projects building in the city. Therefore, I researched the characters in different regions in Kaohsiung and found out the central city is the most crowded area but fewer residents keep living there. In addition, urban sections show the building types and building heights differ from the upper river to the lower river. The lower river area near the central city is surrounded by high-rise buildings which are old and shabby. There are about 10% of spaces in high-rise building remain unused after completing the building construction. Moreover, I mapped out the unused areas in the city on the street and in high rise buildings. I intended to utilize them into active public spaces in urban texture.

38

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work

Shin-Fu River


04

Design Perspective

園區式辦公建築

學校

大樓旅館

廟前廣場

三鳳宮

沿河市場街

集合住宅與公寓

公園

連棟街屋

市場

Urban Sections of Shin-Fu River 39


+4%

+25% +24%

+13% +15%

-9%

-6%

-8%

-7%

+16%

-9%

-11%

Social analysis

大樓(>10F)

With the firm data from city census, I found Kaohsiung is developing into a mature city that does not rapidly increase residents than before. It can be speculated that more spaces should be released or unused since there are fewer people coming into this city and the developers never stop building new apartments. I integrated the building projects and demographic data into diagrams, showing the tendency and prediction in Kaohsiung. I defined Kaohsiung as a city that stops growing and will recess by time.

透天社區

近期建案的區域成長幅度,可以看出房地產業者對高雄人口的預測

With an active intend to revive Kaohsiung city and improve space quality around Shin-Fu River, I listed out the unused spaces around the river and started planning program for these spaces. Finally, I designed the unused space with pop-up activities to bring energy back to the city.

40

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work

北高雄 大樓與透天建案都減少

前鎮的新大樓 新興、苓雅 新大樓


04

零碎開放空間隨大樓興建而增加,卻用不到的空間

00

人/

km

/k

m

貨 百

場 主 運 世 蛋 巨

22

2

,00

0人

人/

km

/k

0人

m

/k

m

10

2

,80

20

,80

2

5,8

00

46件

s

2

7,000戶

人/

km

0人

/k

0人

m

/k

m

2

2

2

ct oj e Pr

,50

2

Co

ns

n tio tr uc

10

2

15

0人

00

2015

m2

6,3

2010

17

營 鐵

/k

20

,00

北高雄(白色區)人口成長,但有飽和的趨勢

1 高雄市 總密度

82 事 件 高 期 雄 重 與 劃 77 衛 台 區 , 武 南 期 大 營 之 近 的 重 間 省 重 劃 的 道 劃 區 必 台 區 , 草 經 一 。 為 衙 之 線 縣 道 地 , 市 貫 合 穿 併 後 面 積 最

23

km 2

0人

,00

10

10

2

6,3

舊城區(黑色區)人口不斷減少

+1%

美 館 旁 ) (左 營 預 路地 運 營 計 下 、 10 化 楠 新 7年 工 梓 左 ) 完 程 營 工 (左 車 營 站 到 完 鳳 工 山 )

m

人/

/k

00

0人

6,3

05

(高

,50

高雄市總人口

km 2

24

km 2

人/

20

00

9,8 2

155萬

0.99

神 漢

00

m

人/

/k

00

0人

6,0

km 2

km

人/

20

153萬

人/

20

00

,50

00

BO T

95 9,0

25

=5

19

2

Po pu

市地重劃的確會帶 城區,高密度人口 。可以想像在老舊 蔽率高容積率的原 然而這些開放空間 以容納高密度的城 意義。

la tio n

幅度、歷年建案數 定義與角色。

台 灣 29 高 期 鐵計 變 重 為 更農 劃( 畫 商 左 業 十六 營 、 ) 住 (凹 新 宅 子 台 、 底 17 特 ) 線 縣 定 高 市 專 雄 合 用 外 併 區 環 , 線 陳 計 菊 畫 愛 獲 河 選 港 區 多 整 功 治 能 美 經 化 貿 園 區 特 定 區 計 畫

G ro w 人 th 口 成 長

建築五_呂念臻

3,000戶

建案數量百分比

新大

舊城區新大樓興起

37件

樓戶

1,200戶

19件

2014

舊城區(黑色區)大樓建案增加, 137

2015

5,000戶

40件

新透

天戶

147

44件

3,000戶

與透天建案都減少

200戶

700戶

1,100戶 900戶

22件

推斷該區域開放空間增加

500戶

推論房產業者預計人口將飽和

39件

45戶

北高雄(白色區)建案量趨緩,

2,000戶

100戶

16件300戶

100戶

25件

1,700戶

20戶

青壯年期/

建案類型變化圖

左營為中心發展

100戶

大樓建案快速成長

社區建案急驟減少

中老年期/ 重點區域更新 撞牆期/

147

2014

不會有太大變動 137

2015

2000年至今新建案分布

/ 新城市虛空間分布

41


1,700戶

20戶

青壯年期/ 左營為中心發展

高雄建案類型變化圖

100戶

大樓建案快速成長 社區建案急驟減少 500

大樓建案 百分比 70%

中老年期/

高雄市 建案數量

重點區域更新 386

60%

撞牆期/

50% 200

40%

133

30%

147

不會有太大變動 137

20% 10% 0% 2004

2005

2009

2010

2014

2015

2000年至今新建案分布

/ 新城市虛空間分布

Urban Analysis Mapping the fact that most developers keep open space in private Mapping the new high rise building and open spaces in use instead of complying urban regulations. Therefore, I Kaoshung city visualize land use around the river. It can be regard these space which can be seen but cannot be used concluded that as the urban keeps developing, the open 偽開放空間重分配與再利用 as a fake open space in the city. space decrease in the city. This phenomenon depends on 建築五 呂念臻

1

基地範圍 / 幸福川 /

2

A

物件 / 鐵道 / 車站 / / 地下道 / 高架橋 /

偽開放空間 / 戶外停車場 /

B

偽開放空間 / 未使用土地 /

C

Impractical Open Spaces Mapping 26% 戶外停車場 I defined parking lots, idle lands, empty houses in 幸福川於民生陸橋周圍 多為大型停車場,也使 apartments and frgment of greeneries as the potential 得民生陸橋切割幸福川 space to utilize. With great reuse of theses上下游空間。而下游區 spaces, the 域由於住宅密集,多為 小型停車場,若能積極 quality of space can be improved effectively. 使用能創造更好的開放 空間品質。 42

偽開放空間 D / 高樓未售空屋 /

偽開放空間 / 零碎綠地 /

24%

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work 49%

零碎綠地

幸福川上游較多綠地分 布,然而地下道與鐵路 貫穿綠帶,使得綠地品 質不佳,都市中很少使 用,鳥類與其他昆蟲植 物也不多,這樣的綠地 只是都市的一種裝飾,

未使用土地 許多私人土地處於待售或 是未使用狀態,若能妥善 利用這些零碎土地,創造 口袋公園或是都市開放角 落,能在高密度的人口區 域創造更多開放空間的機 會。

2%

高樓未售空屋 據高雄市政府統計,大樓 完工後,平均有10%的空 屋未使用,若能將這些空 屋容積計入開放空間使用 ,作為咖啡廳、討論區或 是屋頂花園使用。以補償 被私化而不能被居民使用


04

B

偽開放空間 / 未使用土地 /

B

偽開放空間 / 未使用土地 /

C

偽開放空間 / 零碎綠地 /

D

C

偽開放空間 / 零碎綠地 /

偽開放空間 D / 高樓未售空屋 /

24%

周圍 也使 福川 游區 多為 周圍 積極 也使 開放 福川 游區 多為 積極 開放

24%

偽開放空間 / 高樓未售空屋 /

Idle lands 未使用土地 Most of the idle lands in the city is waiting for 許多私人土地處於待售或 是未使用狀態,若能妥善 development. However, the developing area is 利用這些零碎土地,創造 未使用土地 not certain in the current situation. Therefore, 口袋公園或是都市開放角 落,能在高密度的人口區 許多私人土地處於待售或 opening these lands to provide temporary use 域創造更多開放空間的機 是未使用狀態,若能妥善 before developing them can be more effective 會。 利用這些零碎土地,創造 口袋公園或是都市開放角 and useful than before. 落,能在高密度的人口區 域創造更多開放空間的機 會。

2%

地分 鐵路 地品 少使 蟲植 地分 綠地 鐵路 飾, 地品 予的 少使 蟲植 綠地 飾, 予的

2%

高樓未售空屋 Empty House in High Rise Apartments 據高雄市政府統計,大樓 完工後,平均有10%的空 高樓未售空屋 屋未使用,若能將這些空 屋容積計入開放空間使用 According to statistics of Kaohsiung city, ,作為咖啡廳、討論區或 據高雄市政府統計,大樓 about 10% of spaces are not used in high rise 是屋頂花園使用。以補償 完工後,平均有10%的空 被私化而不能被居民使用 屋未使用,若能將這些空 apartments. That is to say, the remaining empty 的土地。 屋容積計入開放空間使用 houses cannot be sold out. Make use of these ,作為咖啡廳、討論區或 是屋頂花園使用。以補償 spaces, open them to the public and change them 被私化而不能被居民使用 into cafe and garden can improve city landscape 的土地。 in an active way.

1

基地範圍 / 幸福川 /

2

物件 / 鐵道 / 車站 / / 地下道 / 高架橋 /

A

偽開放空間 / 戶外停車場 /

B

偽開放空間 / 未使用土地 /

C

偽開放 / 零碎

1

基地範圍 / 幸福川 /

2

物件 / 鐵道 / 車站 / / 地下道 / 高架橋 /

A

偽開放空間 / 戶外停車場 /

B

偽開放空間 / 未使用土地 /

C

偽開放 / 零碎

26% 26%

49% 49%

Parking Lot

戶外停車場 Shin-Fu River is surrounded by big parking lots 幸福川於民生陸橋周圍 多為大型停車場,也使 since it is near the main road, Ming-Sun Road, 戶外停車場 得民生陸橋切割幸福川 which loads heavy traffic. On the other hand, 上下游空間。而下游區 幸福川於民生陸橋周圍 域由於住宅密集,多為 in the lower part of Shin-Fu River, parking lots 多為大型停車場,也使 小型停車場,若能積極 得民生陸橋切割幸福川 become smaller than upper area of the river 使用能創造更好的開放 上下游空間。而下游區 空間品質。 because it is filled in the void spaces in the 域由於住宅密集,多為 小型停車場,若能積極 crowded urban area. The proactive use of parking 使用能創造更好的開放 lot can change open space with quality. 空間品質。 零碎綠地 Fragment of Greenery 幸福川上游較多綠地分 布,然而地下道與鐵路 零碎綠地 貫穿綠帶,使得綠地品 The railway departs urban greenery into fragment 質不佳,都市中很少使 幸福川上游較多綠地分 用,鳥類與其他昆蟲植 布,然而地下道與鐵路 figure, which is not eco-friendly in urban. The 物也不多,這樣的綠地 貫穿綠帶,使得綠地品 只是都市的一種裝飾, value of greenery and parks should be providing 質不佳,都市中很少使 不具備綠地應該給予的 用,鳥類與其他昆蟲植 habitat for animals and insects. However, the 價值。 物也不多,這樣的綠地 existing greenery is not equipped with the 只是都市的一種裝飾, 不具備綠地應該給予的 function when they become visual decoration 價值。 without actual purpose.

43


Street analogy

Collage of Shin-Fu River environments

Main Design Strategy Diagram

三民市場

10F 天公廟 聖保羅堂

基督教會

10F

Design Stragegy - defining spaces A / 地平面偽開放空間

Design Stragegy - Connection B / 人行橋-領域感擴張 三民市場

天公廟 聖保羅堂

基督教會

44

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work


04

三鳳宮

10F

10F

Design Stragegy - reusing high-rise space C / 垂直向的偽開放空間 三鳳宮

45


Master Plan and Designed Programs

草根族群 community farm

pocket park

a

a 白領階級 art gallery / cocktail party 分享會 / 發表會

46

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work

b

b

wa


water

04

c

年輕族群 Hostel / POPUP store

c

1/500 site plan pocket park

bridge

n

Landscape optional studio 建築系 呂念臻

47

47


48

2019 Portfolio | Design & Research of River Landscape, 2016 Undergraduate Work 公共地下層

art gallery / cocktail party

草坡

1/200

白領階級 art gallery / cocktail party 分享會 / 發表會

SECTIOn a-a


pocket park

water

pocket park

私空間

共空間

POPUP store

年輕族群 Hostel / POPUP store

SECTIOn c-c

1/200

water program 1/200

SECTIOn b-b

04

49



05 | Undergraduate Work | Market Design by Research, 2016 International studies & Tainan, Taiwan

51


Market Design by Research 2016 Site : Bao-An Market, Tainan Advisor : Cheng, Tsai-Her

Design Introduction By making case studies of various markets around the world, I tried to figure out how management affects the performance and form of markets. Analyzing objective observation and developing them into personal intepretations truely provides firm databases for designing market space. Different culture and management structure do change the form of markets. Besides, the genre of markets and what products do vendors sell in markets are crucial points to analysis markets. Through this design practice, I learned the method of defining prototypes by a different analysis approach. Gathering the information on the case studies, I sythesized and integrated them into separate groups with various management organizations.

London

Amsterdam New York Paris

Istanbul

Seuol

Hong Kong

Taipei

Fukuoka

Bangkok Singapore

Durban

Location of case studies 52

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work

Mexico City


以都市全盤規劃

管理方式組織圖

05 集權國家

交付管理

自治組織 英國

南非

日本

法國

荷蘭

韓國

台灣(公營市場)

美國

韓國(私)

自治組織 與政府建立 良好溝通橋梁

新加坡

香港

中國廣州

政府直接劃設 小販認可區

企業管理BOT

Market Organization Diagrams 權力制衡 | Management |

都發局 土耳其

考量評估表

泰國

台灣 (夜市)

墨西哥

義大利

| Management |

考量評估表

都發局 以都市全盤規劃

攤販的考量評估

Markets involve prolific profits and are closely related to politics and governments. Here are five types of market organizations, some are well organized and managed by governments will some others might depend on private committees or local factions.

黑道介入管理>公權力

管理方式

攤販的考量評估 攤販考量

自治組織

交付管理

取得攤位 管理方式 集權國家 便利性 香港 中國廣州 網路平台 提出申請 攤販考量 自治組織 交付管理 租金 取得攤位 組織共議 織共議 企業營運 便利性 網路平台 提出申請 公共衛生 政府直接劃設 組織規章 織規章 清潔費 租金 小販認可區 空間/設施 公共衛生

組織共議 織共議

企業營運

統一規劃 完善設備 組織規章 織規章

企業提供 硬體設施 清潔費

統一規劃 完善設備

企業提供 硬體設施

都發局

權力制衡

公開競標

關說/依靠勢力

都發局

權力制衡

集權國家 劃定位置

集權國家

因地制宜 因地制

有苦難言 有苦難 難言

一致 致

公開競標

關說/依靠勢力

劃定位置

清潔費 清潔費(政府掃)

無人管理

違者重罰

因地制宜 因地制

有苦難言 有苦難 難言

一致 致

按需求規劃 攤販自行處理 清潔費 清潔費(政府掃) 無人管理

Market Organization Charts

強制規定 違者重罰 2

空間/設施 租金/收入比 (獲利比例) 租金/收入比 (獲利比例)

政府的管理評估

按需求規劃

攤販自行處理

強制規定

營利取向

剝削攤販

勉強維生

營利取向

剝削攤販

勉強維生

Overall, the analytical studying of markets in different countries helps me to organize the critical elements to manage a market. I took them into consideration for designing an innovative market in Tainan.

管理方式

政府的管理評估 政府考量 管理方式

方便管理

政府考量

自治組織

交付管理

自治組織

交付管理

都發局

都發局

權力制衡

集權國家

長期觀察

黑道>公權力

權力制衡

集權國家

長期觀察 需求導向

反彈/正當性 黑道>公權力 問題

集權 衝突多

需求導向

反彈/正當性 問題

衝突多

方便管理 輿論壓力

輿論壓力

By analyzing rental prices, sanitary equipment, spaces qualities, essential facilities and approaches to possess a vendor, the developed countries tend to be more organized than developing countries. They h av e e ffe c t i v e re g u l a t i o n s t o manage markets besides the people a re m ore l aw-a bidi ng. On the other hand, markets in developing countries have to be regulated by local authorities that do not make strong guarantees to the vendors. These are complicated because they involve political, cultural, racial and social backgrounds of the markets.

集權

3

3

53


Case Studies of Market Streets Management

美國

| Management |

收入-租金

租金

美國 Manhattan

8%

交付管理 | 嚴格取締 | 時段依街道各異 92%

We investigated market streets in New York City, Hong Kong, Seoul, Taiwan, Mexico City, Fukuoka, Singapore, London, Paris, Amsterdam, Durban, Istambul and Bangkok. We put profit versus rent percentage and management organization together, we noticed that the vendors can earn more money in organized areas. Besides, with a stable income, they are more willing to maintain the space and equipment in market streets. Furthermore, the location of vendors and the collective arrangement depends on the form of street buildings and street width. For instance, vendors keep a distance to the street houses because most street houses are designed with the arcade at ground floor in Asia. Whether the vendors can sell things at both sides of the vendor car or not, decided by the width of the street, water and electrical supply. Moreover, the amount of daily visitors also plays a role in the arrangement of market streets. Markets are temporary spaces in a city, therefore, lots people crowd into markets at rush hour. The open spaces in market streets are important for emergency and for traffic. With holistic studies in international market streets, I understand that most markets are not designed, especially those with great energy usually take place spontaneously. Designing a market cannot be underestimated. I even noticed that most vertical markets are not successful. Therefore, I hope to design vertical market design guidance with the knowledge extracted from case studies. I tempted to add in various programs in vertical markets and found several rules of vendor arrangement in vertical markets.

2 1

3

1. 曼哈頓攤販營業時間依街道而異 2. 營業地點限制 3. 紅色半圓為建築物周圍禁止設攤區域

畫半圓 零星攤販

紐約以[畫半圓]規定不可擺攤的範圍,攤販僅能在剩餘的零星街道空間營業。 政府也依照不同街道的交通環境狀況指定街道攤販可以營業的時間,由警察嚴格取締違法者並處以 極高的罰金。 政府重視食安問題與街道市容,食品攤位的許可認證嚴格。

1930 猶太攤販

早期攤販多為移民 ,集中於中城區與 下東城,亦即今日 曼哈頓小販許可街 道密集地區。

攤販現況

由於攤販設立地點的 限制,如今紐約街道 攤販多分散於街頭巷 尾,並且只能在街道 許可時間內營業。

倉庫公司

法律規定攤車不得在 外過夜,因此由倉庫 公司統一提供管理攤 車,小販向公司承出 攤車,為交付管理。 4

台灣公營市場 收入-租金

| Management |

租金

台灣公營市場 Taiwan Traditional Markets

17%

自治組織 | 時段依市場各異

83%

日治時期市場分布圖

濟貧事業

台灣公營市場多為日治時期規劃,承襲日治時期理念,視傳統市場為濟貧事業,許多攤販有嗣襲制度 ,直到近二十年才漸漸改變對攤販的觀念與政策。 當時規劃的建築重視攤販衛生管理,以西門市場為例,會將生鮮魚肉類與蔬果類分開,為生鮮魚肉類 攤販規畫良好的排水系統。

Finally, I demonstrated design and applied the guidance into Bao-An market renovation. I learned that only when there are lots of background research behind the proposal would it become brilliant and distinctive. 日治 西門市場

日治時期規劃的西 門市場。當時公營 市場多為室內市場 ,將街道攤販統一 於建築室內管理。

現況平面

東寧市場採外店鋪規劃 私有市場 之傳統市場平面配置。 攤販自立

台南兵仔市攤販聚集, 需要向地主承租場地, 自行解決水電問題,主 動向燦坤牽水電繳費。

15

54

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work


05 | Management |

香港 收入-租金

| Management | 租金

韓國 Seuol

香港 Hong Kong

6%

自治組織 | 時段依市場各異

集權國家 | 嚴格取締 | 11:00-22:00 94%

韓國南大門攤販位置圖

香港通菜街攤販位置圖

許可區 就地合法

花園街

政府以優惠措施吸引小販交還牌照。並透過畫出固定店舖及攤販位置的方式,打擊無牌小販。 攤販位置多數為就地合法劃設,香港攤販許可區,有的為沿街形式,也有的為零星的攤販,主要原 因就是就地合法期間直接以攤販位置為合法區。

攤販多販售雜貨或日 用品,周圍店家則經 營餐飲或精品業。

街道環境

許可區劃設攤販格子, 綠鐵皮檔 攤販不得超出格子,違 者重罰。

可移動攤車與塑膠布為 香港常見的攤販形式。

觀光導向 自治管理

攤販主管機關為觀光部門,攤商自主成立自治會,向地方政府申請。 針對攤販的相關法規主要以不影響行人,保持社會秩序為主,一般都默許。

南大門 市場

為私人市場,除了 沿街商店外,規畫 路中央的攤販。

市場內部

市場內部維護乾淨。

行動資訊 中心

導遊服務的新理念, 不再等候遊客,而是 主動協助遊客相關購 物資訊。

11

7

台灣夜市

| Management |

收入-租金

墨西哥 Mexico city Tianguis market

| Management |

租金

台灣夜市 Taiwan Night Markets

27%

權力制衡 | 時段依市場各異

集權國家 | 時段依市場各異

73%

Tianguis 攤販位置圖

攤販眾多

攤販從業人口佔總人口數的一半,各街道市場自主選出代表與政府溝通協商,政府希望獲得選票,便 放寬對攤販的限制。

Tianguis

Tianguis 為攤販市 場統稱,是墨西哥 阿茲提克時期的傳 統文化。

攤販占地

攤販佔據都市閒置空 間,不同區域有不同 遮陽布的色調主題。

縫隙蔓延

攤販蔓延至各個公共 空間縫隙中。

9

饒河夜市攤販位置圖

黑道介入 用地爭議

饒河夜市 攤位格線

台灣夜市多為觀光產業,多為私人經營,政府對於攤販的法律規範並未落實,攤販不需要開發票, 龐大的收益也使黑道覬覦,加上攤商無共識,難以形成自治組織,導致黑道並介入管理夜市,成為 台灣夜市管理協調的角色。夜市用地常有爭議,有些為政府徵收地,有些則佔用住宅用地編的馬路 ,影響居民生活而引發爭議。

夜市多為私人規劃,地 面規劃格線讓攤商以格 子數量承租場地。由場 主負責安排協調攤位場 地問。

燈泡計費

早期夜市用燈泡計算 攤位費用。至今仍有 些夜市將燈泡費用計 入攤位收費,每盞燈 泡約150元的電費。

文教用地武 聖夜市

台灣常有文教用地徵 收地被作為夜市場地 的案例。可見夜市的 不正當性以及官商利 益勾結問題。 16

55


日本 收入-租金

新加坡

| Management | 租金

收入-租金

日本 Fukuoka

1%

| Management | 租金

新加坡 Singapore

25%

自治組織 | 18:00-3:00

交付管理 | 嚴格取締 | 時段依市場各異

75%

99%

地鐵地下街

夜市分布

觀光產業 自治

福岡屋台(熟食攤)為重要觀光產業,是日本最大的屋台村。攤販許可條件嚴苛,從業者須為全職攤販 ,並於政府規定的營業時間工作。 觀光產業導向使得攤販位置多為地鐵出口周圍,交通方便區域,或是河道邊及公園內,具有休閒的 公共空間。

攤販現況

福岡屋台為重要觀 光收入,規定攤販 在固定位置營業。

攤販收納

攤販於營業時間之外 將攤車停在停車場。

街道 水電設備

攤販白天需要撤離攤 車,政府於人行道周 圍設置水電管線,提 供攤販使用。

企業管理

攤販中心

政府推動攤販政策,調查攤販並歸檔,核發許可證書。建立小販中心或戶外空間容納攤商,並鼓勵企 業認養管理。 重視食安衛生,不合規定的攤販會扣分,嚴重則取消證照。以公權力嚴格取定非法小販。

新加坡將所有攤販集 China Town 中制攤販中心統一管 Market 理,執法嚴格,所以 沒有非法攤販。

牛車水市場周圍為新加 沿街座席 坡僅存的街道市集。古 建築的沿街商店與攤販 共同圍塑市集空間。

牛車水市集周圍人行 道,統一棚架形式, 以餐飲為主。巷弄間 設置座席,非營業時 間必須撤離。

6

泰國 收入-租金

8

| Management | 租金

4%

| Management |

泰國 Bangkok

土耳其 Istanbul

都發局 | 時段依街道各異

都發局 | 時段依市場各異

96%

街道許可區 就地合法

泰國早期認為攤販為社會亂源,不斷打壓。近年發現攤販為重要的經濟收入,開始提倡微型企業。多 數攤販因為政策改變,就地合法,除了每周一清掃日之外,他們都可以在許可街道內營業。

移民攤販

早期泰國攤販主要 為中國移民經營, 攤販文化是藉由移 民帶至泰國。

The Silom Walking street

近期興起的觀光市集 ,於捷運下方舉辦, 主要針對年輕人與遊 客販賣成衣與飾品。

許可告示

泰國於許可街道前設 立告示,註明可以營 業的時段,時段依街 道而異,似紐約。

依需求規劃 觀光/濟貧

攤販須向地方政府提出許可申請,伊斯坦堡都發局視需求再統一規劃場地及攤販形式,規劃完成後讓 攤販申請或競標攤位,其中以低收入或弱勢家庭為優先,多為觀光生意。

Grand Bazzar 大巴札為伊斯坦堡 最重要的攤販商業 區。以固定攤販為 主,多次大火而將 建築改以石造。

5

56

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work

街道攤販

土耳其觀光區內許多 商店延伸商業活動至 街道。

攤販棚架

合法的觀光區攤販, 由政府規劃,具有統 一的棚架與攤位。

14


05 南非

| Management |

收入-租金

英國 London

| Management | 租金

南非 Durban

8%

自治組織 | 時段依市場各異

自治組織 | 時段依市場各異 92%

1

2

1. 倫敦市場分布 2. 倫敦平均收入分布圖

街道自治

英國街道市場由街道自治會管理,政府僅扮演輔導與輔助的角色。 由上二圖可看出倫敦市場分布集中於西南處,可推測是由於此地區居民收入較高的緣故,攤販出現在 有消費能力的地區營業。

Portobello Road

市場附近為高級住 宅區。

街道環境

停車格就是攤販的擺 設位置。

資訊平台

政府設立完善的市場 資訊平台,提供諮詢 與創業輔導。

計畫組織

南非人口多為攤販,政府於市場旁設立一個計劃單位,攤販只要透過政府府到申請即合法。政府積極 規劃市場空間,並深入研究調查攤販需求,規畫空間與活動。

Warwick Junction 攤位設計

由於此地區常有攤 廢棄鐵路 販在桌子底下過夜 的情形,政府將攤 位桌子改為ㄇ字型 ,改善這種現象。

草藥市集主要集中於廢 攤販 棄鐵路上,由政府搭建 托育中心 棚架讓攤販承租。

由於攤販從業人口多為 女性,組織於市場周圍 設立托育中心,提供孩 子安全成長的空間,也 讓母親安心做生意。 10

12

| Management | | Management |

法國 Paris

荷蘭 Amsterdam

交付管理 | 時段依市場各異

交付管理 | 嚴格取締 | 時段依市場各異

交付管理

每一個市場由政府交付的單位管理。攤販須先向政府申請營業執照,執照可填三個攤販欲營業的場所 ,並且有健全的資訊平台輔助攤販找到擺攤的場所與營業時間。

Albert Cuypmarkt

大部分的攤棚、攤 架由三家固定合作 廠商提供、攤販依 需求購買。

攤販現況

從店鋪內延伸出來的 販賣行為。

街道 水電設施

道路電力系統統一提 供,攤販自行攜帶接 電器接電使用。

13

交付管理 BOT

政府將市場交付企業管理,以BOT形式管理。政府主要扮演監督角色。 政府僅制定法規與收稅,統一收取清潔費及控管衛生管理。攤販需向管理公司承租攤位及攤架,而管 理公司提供完善的硬體設施、水電等設備。

Farmers Market

流動型攤販,每日 營業結束後棚架就 會撤除。

攤販現況

市場內攤商販售不需 要水電設備的產品, 市場配置依照商品種 類分區。

固定商店

商品種類需要水電設 備者會在市場周圍的 商店開業。

17

57


面 設 Design 計準則 + + m u l t i - m a r ket 剖Section 公 營 市 場 垂 直 化 設 計 指 南 Vertical 垂 直 動Circulation 線 管 制

Equipment 設備

單一動線

動線管制

設備整合

上下關係完全切割 垂直動線只對樓上使用者開放 愈高樓層公共性愈低

部分動線混用 仍需要獨立動線服務高樓層 二、三樓 program 與市場相關

統一設備 廁所、空調、給排水、電力系統 剖面位置在同一側為佳

Public Space 共享 空 間 關 係

視覺共享

綠化中庭共享

二樓與市場關係只有視覺流通 空間感營造

共同享有綠化景觀 二樓使用者有決定共享程度的權力

嗅覺共享

屋頂共享

二樓與市場的空氣流通 通常二樓與市場的關聯性較高 ex : 美食街、代客料理、一樓攤販托兒

中庭空間為攤販所有 考量噪音問題

Management 經營 模 式 買賣 / 所得 租賃 / 租金 部分盈餘

購買商品 部分盈餘 Program 共生

互利的經營模式

樓上直接向市場購買商品 上下為相關產業鏈 ex : 美食街、代客料理、業餘市場

以部分外來的獲利、 支持一樓市場 市場收取租金或管理費回饋樓上 企業 BOT 經營

Extension 攤 位 增 建of Space

58

儲物空間

攤販生活空間

客人用餐、觀景平台

攤位上方為儲藏空間 存放貨品、包裝、箱子

上方為攤販的小孩活動空間 父母可以就近照顧 或是做為攤販休息睡覺的空間

客人用餐空間 可與建築物二樓直接串連 攤位之間以空橋、貓道串聯

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work


05

參 考 案Studies 例 + + m u l t i - m a r k et Program 公 營 市 場 垂 直 化 設 計 指 南 Form and Progarm Studies Ba rc e l ó M ar ke t , Li b rar y an d S p o r t s H al l , N i e to S o bejan o Arq u i tecto s , 2 0 1 4 , S pa i n Program : 圖書館、屋頂綠化、運動場 垂直動線管制 / 視覺嗅覺共享 、屋頂共享

M arkt h a l Ro t te rd am , MVRDV , 2014 T h e N e t h e rl a nd s Program : 住宅 垂直動線管制 / 視覺共享、屋頂共享 / 互利共生 / 攤位垂直向用餐、觀景空間

D o w ntow n Market Gran d Rap i d s , H ugh A . B oyd A rchi tect s , 2013, MI , U S Program : 植栽溫室、宴客、烹飪教學 垂直動線混用 / 視覺嗅覺共享 / 互利共生

Swe di s h H o us i ng an d Market Hal l H y bri d, JA JA , Swed en Program : 住宅 單一動線 / 視覺共享

T h e H am i l to n Farm er s ’ Mar ket , RDH A rc h i te c t s + D avi d Prem i Archi tect s , 2 0 1 0 , C anada Program : 圖書館、多媒體中心 動線管制 / 視覺共享

Wor l d of Fo o d , Har vey Ot ten + Ted S c h ul te n, 2 0 1 5 , Net herl an d s Program : 立體停車場 動線管制 / 視覺共享

M e rc aba rna F l or Market , W MA , 2 0 0 8 , S pa i n Program : 停車場、餐廳、花藝教學 單一動線 / 屋頂共享 / 攤位增建儲藏

59


間 彈Module 性模矩 + + m u l t i - m a r ket 空Space Hostel Space Module 青年 旅 社 1 /20 0

台 南 保 安 市 場 為 例

Part-time Market 業餘 市 場 1 / 2Space 0 0 Module

Rental Office 出租 辦 公 室Space 1 / 2Module 0 0

Playground 兒 童 遊 戲 Space 場 1 /Module 2 0 0

圖例 原有水電牆面 9m 柱距 辦公室承租範圍 青年旅社隔間牆 基本尺寸模矩

60

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work


05

年旅社 + + m u lti -m a r ke t 青Hostels 台 南 保 安 市 場 為 例

Hostel Perspective 青 年 旅Market 社想像 圖

Hostel 青 年 旅Market 社 平 面1F 圖Plan 1/

300

61


年旅社 + + m u l t i - m a rk et 青Hostels 台 南 保 安 市 場 為 例

Hostel 青 年 旅Market 社 想 像Perspective 圖

新作牆面 3m 模矩 既有水電牆面 1F 攤販位置

2F Plan 2 FModule 局部平 面圖 1 / 2 0 0 Existing 保 安 市 Market 場 現 況

Hostel Market 短 向 剖 面 圖 Section 1 / 3 0 01 0

Hostel Market 長 向 剖 面 圖 Section 1 / 3 0 02 0 62

2019 Portfolio | Market Design by Research, 2016 Undergraduate Work

1F Plan 1 FModule 局部平 面圖 1 / 2 0 0


05

童遊戲場 + + m u l t i - m a rk et 兒Playground 台 南 保 安 市 場 為 例

Playground 短 向 剖 面 Market 圖 1 / Section 3 0 0 01

兒 童 遊 戲 Market 場 平 面Section 圖 1 / 02 3 0 0 Playground

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