PORTFOLIO 2013-2017 Ling Lee
The selected six works were designed during 2013 to 2017. Each of them show different scales and phases of architectural approach and indicate the architectural thought, professional approaching, ability of handling things, and skill of using different softwares, media, and materials. The first and the third one focus on practical work. The “Public Toilet” was a complete process which I participated from the design to the construction. The third one were two projects I took a part in previous job. Both of them, I engaged in the design process which includes discussing with the clients, making models, digital 3D model and architectural drawings. The second and the fourth ones were the final theses from the master and bachelor studies. The “Water and Social Infrastructure” covered an anthropological studying and essay writing to an actual building and exhibition setting. As well as the “Primary School”, I observed from the contemporary issue of educational reform to the typology of primary school in Taiwan. The final two works touched many aspects. They tried to observe spaces not only with architectural lens. Both of them tried out such as public intervention, publications, events and exhibitions to understand, and by art approaching using multimedia presentation and abstracted lens to read the surrounding. The following pages contain the icons, which note what tools were used during the design process.
PUBLIC TOILET Entropy/ 2015 design and build co-work
CONTENT
WATER AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Water Occupation: A Soft Protest for Water and Settlements/ 2017 diploma project individual work
HOUSING Lin’s House/ 2013-2015 Huang’s House/ 2013actual projects worked as the designer
PRIMARY SCHOOL Nomadic School/ 2013 bachelor final thesis individual work
REVOLVING DOOR Border Crossing/ 2016 social architecture co-work
FIREPLACE Dale: noreg remote place(s)/ 2016 social architecture individual work
This is a small but complete, creative and practical project which we've built during one of the autumn semesters at the Bergen Architecture School. It was a team work. A combination of theoretical discussion and exhibition about the sociological view of entropy and two actual design-and-build projects. The special quality of this project is the way of exploring and collecting, reusing the second hand materials from dismantling fields, and the actual construction experience which lets us try out a new conjunction method from physical theory. Participated in the design discussion, the conversation with the client (the school) and the constructor of concrete cutting company, the actual construction, and the design and working drawings.
“Open as a sign of available” is the main concept employed in this public toilet due to its location and the tiny space.
PUBLIC TOILET
Entropy, 2015 autumn semester, BAS Location: Bergen Architecture School, Norway cooperated with Monika Jasioková and Roy Husevåg
This public toilet is located in the former storage room beside the only lift in Bergen Architecture School. With the heavy people traffic and small space, approximately 7 square meters for three toilets, how to free the space becomes a crucial aim. By this aim, we end up with a technical detail intervention which not only keeps the door of the available toilet open but also creates a differing spatial experience. Apart from the concept, this small project also challenges an intriguing process of hunting reusable building materials from the building dismantling field and architecture school itself.
the gravity hinges
Gravity hinges were planned to be the crucial element to carry out this design. However we were not able to wait for the shipping. In this moment we gave it a final change and it became the present appearance: rather than using the gravity hinges, we directly let gravity work on the door board. We deviated the top part of the structures 8 cm from their vertical dimension, making them slant toward the inside of the toilets. Manipulated by the gravity, the doors will open automatically when they are unlocked.
porcelain sink (white) 700 x 450 mm quantity/1
L iron profile (black) 20 x 20 x 6100 mm thickness/3 mm quantity/43
Using the L profiles as carriers of walls, it required precise configuration. Each row of L-shaped columns would not be placed on a same line. The measurement of deviation depends on the thickness of the walls. We also planned to use the recycled wood boards which we collected from dismantle site, however, they were not enough for both groups, the ramp and the toilet, to use.
working drawing for holes drilling
working process 01 setting templates and structure, filling the hole in the floor by reinforced concrete
working process 03 welding technique was used in the construction
working process 02 preparation for filling a new concrete layer
working process 04 placing the walls after the columns and floor were set and filled
working drawing for compounding the columns with the ceiling and the floor
technical drawings: 1. water supplying pipes 2. sewage pipes 3. ventilation 4. light and electricity
“Open ramp” and “open toilet” exhibition was held at the end of the semester. Apart from two solid and functioned projects, we also exhibited the theoretical thinking and process which we'd extracted throughout the course about "Entropy" in sociological point of view.
This is an individual project for my diploma. The whole process includes the essay of ecosystem of human activity related to water; the interviews with experts, assuming customers and related organisations; the conceptual, design and working drawings; the presentation models; the 1:1 module; and the exhibition.
WATER AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Water Occupation_A Soft Protest for Water and Settlements, 2017 diploma project, BAS Location: Sabarmati Riverbank, Ahmedabad City, India
This project is a combination of water and social infrastructure. While the strategy of it is a combination of water systems and shrines. It aims to bring better quality of water and daily life to the underprivileged people who live in non-legal settlements. A part of the project focuses on the water source and provides spaces for bathing and doing laundry, tries to fulfil the fundamental daily needs. While the other part extends the capacity of water being a meeting point and introduce a communal space and a library for women and children. I adopted and implemented throughout the project with two unwritten laws which are sneaking in this special situation. The first one is that the people build shrines to claim and protect their "nonlegal" settlements. And the second one is that the building materials for their houses should be light—if they use reinforces concrete to build, the authority will dismantle it immediately.
Dharoi Reservoir
Sabarmati River Kadana Reservoir
Mahi River Marmada Canal Ahmedabad Municipal Area
The water infrastructure gathers in the centre of Ahmedabad City. While the site where I had chosen is located at the outskirt of the city and most of the water supply facilities stop by the place. Instead, several wastewater treatment plants are placed.
Environmental Santiation Institute
Saturday School for the underprivileged children
The project faces three actors: the municipality, the non-government organisation, and the underprivileged groups. The site is nearby several identical slums where the organisation has started to estimate some supportive programmes, such as bank and “child friendly space (CFS)”. The bank aims to help their economy issues with lower funds and spacial system of guarantors. While the CFS is a dispersed programme which goes into construction fields through out the city and creates safe places for the children who have to travel with their migrant worker parents and lose their chance to attend to school.
the headquaters of SAATH
The Sabarmati project the SAATH bank and the settlements
the woman library Child Friendly Space my site several “official” settlements
A self-refillable, self-controllable and self-maintainable micro, comparing to the ordinary water supply system, water infrastructure is applied to the site. I use simple physical principles of water and gravity to fetch water into the site, and employ the methods of sand filtration and sun evaporation to create clean water. Hinduism and Islam are the major groups considering in the underprivileged people in Ahmedabad. After researching the main philosophy of each religion and considering the general religious view in the city, I simplified the form adopting from Hinduism and let the water run the moderate role in both religions.
the gift from gods
christian islam
jain hinduism
water
identifiable appearance as a temple
officially approvable
additional benefits
ritual cleaning
sacred space
either becomes or supports the
fits the needs of different religoions
the temple becomes a protector
Form
elements
1
rainwater harvesting sun evaporation 3
constantly refills canal water to a certain height
rainwater collected through the sand filter in the precast concrete pipes (water source during the raining season)
2
2
outlet of the clean water
sand filtration
outlet of the clean water
sand filled in the replaceable pipes
outlet of the drinking water
sun evaporation
UNWRITTEN LAW 01 According to the unwritten laws which leads the first step: to integrate the water system into the shrines and create spaces with a clean water source and shade for people to collect water, gather, hangout, and work. The “shrines� stabilise the area and the water system provides clean water through certain purification.
COMMUNAL SPACE elements
LAUNDRY FIELD elements
shade
water pipe
public toilet
water
gathering space
hanging clothes
ENTRANCE 01
UNWRITTEN LAW 02 It is acceptable to use light materials, such as wood, metal sheet, brick, to build their houses. Thus, the materials should be both light and easy to get. I explored the surroundings and used the material which I could find there as main elements. Apart from solving the issues of where the materials come from and who is going to pay for them, the method of materiality also keeps the language fit to the site.
ENTRANCE 02
There are approximately 500 residents in the village. Their dwells are settled in between the farmland and the road / embankment of the Vasna Canal. The men either work in the farmland, in construction fields, as rickshaw drivers, or run their small businesses. While the women in the most of cases have to stay at home, collecting water and firewood, doing laundry, washing dishes and preparing foods. Occasionally, they will help out for the work of construction field or farmland, in spite of that, most of the time they are not even allowed to leave their home. The canal, which is built mainly for irrigation, is the main water source for the residents here. The water can be considered as “proper�, but it is the raw water without going through the treatment process and polluted by the surroundings. And when it's during monsoon, the canals also help as storm water drainage and become bad quality.
ENTRANCE 03
metal net
water pipe
precast concrete pipe
gabion gravel
textile/ canvas plastic water tank
gravel corrugated metal sheet
brick
wood/ bamboo
CHILD AND WOMAN LIBRARY elements
teble
book shelf
cool space for reading
black board
Following the second step is to extend the social spaces from the shrines and establish an identical gather space for village affairs and a library where the women and the children can play and learn.
The amount of background researching about the historical and modern water supply systems, the religions, the societies, the people’s life in the urbanpoor condition, the geographical condition and the context of urban fringe in Ahmedabad are playing an important role in this project. All of them, I edited into several booklets which are categorised into 5 different sections: water (the systems and spaces), faith (Hinduism, Islam, and the comparison), people (the authority, non-government organisation, and underprivileged groups), site (materiality and typology of life) and the basic drawings of the site and designs.
Through the whole process I practiced several practical 1:1 works. Firstly, the interviewing with several different professions and groups provides most fundamental background for the project. I contacted the NGO based on the city, and accompanied by a person, who grew up in one of the villages, visited the several sites and talked with the people face to face. And I interviewed the professors who are specialised in slum issue and water right, based on the architecture school (CEPT) in Ahmedabad, as well as some civil servants work in one of the water supply stations. And apart from the actual talks during the site trip, back to Bergen, I paid a visit to the recycling plant, construction fields and so on tried to dig out potential materials from the similar assumption I applied in the Ahmedabad project. The third 1:1 practice was building a part of the design with the same materials and the same conjunctions I planned in the working drawings.
1:1 structure detail
The selected two projects were the actual cases when I worked as an architecture designer in Taiwan. Both of them were the housing projects. One was a detached house considering more about landscape and the law of “Feng Shui�, while the other was a typical case of street house dealing with physical lighting issues and family custom. Participated in the design process, discussed the project back and fore with the architects, presented to customer with 3D model, plans and sections, made the 3D model, and drew the plans, sections, and construction drawings.
HOUSING Lin’s House (icon and 3D model), 2013-2015 Location: Xiluo Township, Taiwan Huang’s House (photo), 2013Location: Liyutan, Taiwan
The crucial point of Feng Shui is the Chinese knowledge concerning about the physical conditions of the building and its surrounding. This site was located at the waist of the hill and beside a lake. It was an ideal condition to practice this theory.
The main issue of street house in Taiwan is how to encourage natural light coming into the buildings. In this case, the Lin's house in Xiluo Township, we design a light box with a large portion of French windows facing south. The ground floor was disposed into two parts. Private spaces were in one side of the middle, and the living spaces were in the two ends of the building linking with each other by the corridor with skylight. The rhythm of light was played in the spaces. People start from the intimate living room, through the long, narrow corridor with dramatic light during days, pass by a high and bright staircase and in the end reach the spacious dining room, where is the most important space for most of Taiwanese people.
This was a theoretical practice for the final thesis of bachelor study. The project considered both the urban scale and architectural scale. I integrated the natural and cultural sources with several primary schools and created a learning network for the landscape and situation on the urban fringes, and invented a new form of school to deal with the controversy of the obligatory education.
PRIMARY SCHOOL
Nomadic School, 2013 bachelor final thesis, THU Location: Ming-Lun Elementary School and Da-Jia Elementary School and the site in between, Taipei, Taiwan
The concept of nomad school is trying to deal with both the internal problems of present educational issue and the external situation of the school located in the urban fringe. Considering the connection between new forms of school and its surrounding, several places in between two elementary schools in the outskirt of Taipei City were identified as potential educational resources. Based on their specific values and location, the programmes and main functions were established.
Mapping in both horizontal and vertical dimension is a crucial point for this project where the site is located on the fringe of the city. Spatial resources are equally important as the cultural materials and relevant institutes. One of the reasons make a place becoming “the edge� is its comparatively complex landscape. On the way it might be insufficient for contemporary city such as connection of transportation. And after it was planned to be "an edge", more and more large scale infrastructures would be set up to support the main downtown. Thus to analyse its hidden, but rich spatial and procedural meaning and include it into educational resources are the main concept for this nomad school. The following three pages show the examples selected for each part of the site and how the architecture adapted into the landscape.
MOUNTAINOUS landscape: Using the combination of stair and ramp moderates gapes of heigh
SHELL MOUND: combing permanent exhibition as a part of new SCHOOL
three meaning of LOCKER ROOM: 1 functional 2 transit centre linking formal and non-formal education 3 social space
Taipei Recreation Child Centre: a planned theme park which students can reach by walk through the SCHOOL.
TRANSPORT SYSTEM 1: 1 solving the traffic problem in picking up children from 2 absorbing buses carrying students from other schools 3 stations for various transportation
ion
cat
rm
-fo
non
du al e
locker space
70 70 (cm)
ion
cat
for
ma
du le
spot01 longitudinal section
landscape of VIADUCT -buildings in building: parts structure of spots hanging below are supported by viaduct
RAMPS and STAIRS are the most popular architectural elements. They also have various usage such as being the classroom and playground.
a place with GATHERED feature
The interaction of PUMP STATION in this area creates additional teaching and learning resources. BIRD WATCHING
m
riu
ito
nt me
ud oa
t
e
pav
pav
e
nt me
e
tag
to s
and
e
stag
off
TEMPORARY GALLERY
flat and endless grassland and RIVERSIDE PARK
adding middle-scale facilities of WATER SPORTS provide the activities for children’s courses
TRANSPORT SYSTEM 2: In the whole SCHOOL landscape, variety of transportations are closely linked to others. Children can experience different speed, heigh, feeling and so on during it, from water route to public transportation.
the TRACK ON THE EMBANKMENT provides a friendly experience during jogging and cycling
CONTAINERS are used as a room. The interior room will provide toilet and help to satisfy the basic needed of children.
the feature of structures are high chair or LIGHTHOUSE
annual dragon festival and competition
spot11 elevation
spot 01 EXTENDING scale: 1:3000
Instead of removing the fence of school, the way I employed to connect to society and the environment, I extend it. When the fence has been extended, spaces are created. During these transformations, some new programs and activities, set mainly for education, can be inserted. Moreover, the extent can reach the natural or social resources and establish the correlation between school and these resources. It can lead children’s learning process, not for the purpose, but the process itself.
spot 12 TRANSIT STATION scale: 1:3000
School should be more like a station, which gathers various knowledge and information, and transport students to reach resources or to experience some specific spaces and facilities. Thus, I try to rebuild the connection with the surrounding. The entity of school may be small, while it is combined with a huge amount and rich soft resources around.
This was a social architecture, or, a social intervention which was part of the Oslo Architecture Triennale: After Belonging, concerning the present refugee issue. The whole process included several small social events and open exhibitions, which I participated both editing and design the cover pages and common content of our two magazines; refugee camps visiting and interviewing; and the several interventions in Bergen, Norway.
REVOLVING DOOR Border Crossing, 2016 autumn semester, BAS Location: [BX-file4]: Metro Ln.2 La chapelle, Jaurés, Stalingrad, France and [BX-file6]: Bergen Storsenter, Norway cooperated with Adriana Smets and Silvia Garcia Arranz
“…Whereas the door( before electric doors) deliberately blocks human traffic, the revolving door permits a constant, even torrential flow.” Revolving doors create the situations in which people have to negotiate with others. For example, when you stop in the revolving door, you are interrupting the whole traffic in the vicinity spaces. The revolving door also influences the speed of walking. As every user has a different speed, this moment people being in the space of a door, everyone has to adjust their speed into the same. Thus, our concept is to create micro conflicts in the Bergen Storsenter, encourage people to have more chance to meet with other people.
HOW DO YOU ADAPT THE SPACE SO IT CAN BE HOME 2 teachers / 1 guest / 22 students / field trip to Paris / Calais / Athens / border sites /2016
BX_ FILE 3-4
01 Negotiating Design 02 OAT Free Access Event 03 Field Trip Photo Essay 04 Field Trip Soft Maps
“How do you adopt the space so it can be home? How can these buildings accommodate refugees through different programs?”
BERGEN ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL, MASTER STUDIO / AUTUMN 2016
BORDER CROSSING_SPACES OF NEGOTIATION
+
www.bordercrossingbas.wordpress.com
Border Crossing Master Studio BAS 2016
We published our research about irregular immigrants and the record of their life in refugee camps in two magazines. We also participated the PARK(ing) DAY, using the measurement of a parking lot to compare the scale of living space which they have in the camps.
ORIGINAL USAGE OF ARCHITECTURE/INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE CITY/ We first analysed the architecture of the bridges and how Parisian use them. There are some benches faceing green area, barriers between the street and pedestrian area which citizens use to lock their bicycles, and public-bike stops nearby the metro stations. OCCUPATION OF MIGRANTS/ In the second ‘stage’, the territories under the bridges of the metro line are informally held by migrants who gather to find shelter. During the day, migrants guard their belongings and set up their sleeping places at night. Some of them earn money by selling corns with shopping carts, and others may just lean against with barriers or sit on them during the long waiting period. The area is transformed into a living space.
2. CIRCULAR CIRCUMSTANCES between CITIZENS MIGRANTS AUTHORITY
1.
3.
+
REACTION OF AUTHORITY/ Authorities often try to prevent such informal settlements. When they occur the police destroy them and arrest numerous migrants. They want to hide migrants from citizens and tourists and keep the image of Paris clean and save. After the cleaning, they enclose and contain the spaces which were claimed as informal territories by setting up fences. Instead of finding a solution the city gets less accessible and less beautiful for anyone than before. The fences prevents not only migrants but also citizens from using the spaces, while the occupation moves to another place and the same cycle happens again.
A wall. I can’t walk through it any more!
citizen
The barrier is not only physically built by police( authority),
authority
migrant
but also built by the citizens who don’t want to participate into the situation. Most of them just want to be the bystanders with antipathy.
red curtain and stage
There is something happening. I can see the movement.
spotlight
Well, now I need the light to read.
audiences
actors
Chatting without light.
audiences
[BX-file4]: The area around Stalingrad and the 18th and 19th arrondissement are known as the place where many migrants from Eritrea, Sudan and Afghanistan settle. Close to Stalingrad, in Gare du Nord, the train for UK leaves. Nowadays there are lots of either visible or invisible confrontation happening between the authorities, migrants and citizens. Zooming in to the area, it is obvious that most of spots gather nearby metro stations. Our design concept is focusing on the issue of the failed attempts to hide migrants and the aloof attitude by the citizens toward the migrants.
To stop the incessant cycle, we try to blur and play with the roles of actors and audiences, and stimulate the negotiation between the three different groups.
The strategy is using movable and translucent wall as the main element to in one way frame the different small conflicts under the bridges, and in another way create opportunities of small negotiations between authorities (policemen), (undocumented) migrants, and citizens.
LA CHAPELLE Weekend market. We have a controable space to s l e e p during nights with lights.
Hide the toilets and trash trucks for the appearance.
Weekend market! G o o d access to walk through.
Bright street with shadow show. for migrants
Shadow show!
for citizens/migrants
for authority
STALINGRAD
The walls let us sleep safely.
We need to keep the s p a c e expressing clean and order.
I feel safe when I walk in he light. for migrants
for authority
for citizens
LA JAURE I feel safe in light.
Now we’re audience when we wait for the application.
With lights, we can see the shadow show.
Now we’re part of exhibition. We’re actors!
Safe.
day time
at night
BERGEN STORSENTER (SHOPPING MALL) In Bergen Storsenter, there doesn’t have physical border dividing people but invisible wall separating them from group tp group. People go shopping, meet with friends, work or study in cafe, wait or run for public transportion, play in the semi-public spaces, and so on without interaction with others.
running for bus
playing
heading for bus
looking after kids
chatting
studying
meeting
shopping
PRICE is one of the borders in the shopping mall. It separates different activities from different groups.
step1: attracted by the showcase step2: interested in what it shows step3: go into the shop to take a look
meeting
shopping
browsing
looking after kids
playing
chatting
And the difference of IDENTITY is another.It is easy to notice how people group up depends on their language, original nationalities, either local or new comer, and so on.
showcase
shop
Using the experience from [BX-file4], we come back and observe the situation in Bergen.
[BX-file6] we continue with the same interest of social conflicts and borders in a society and how architecture can encourage encounter between different groups of people. How can architecture make people more sensitive to their surrounding and more tolerant to different people. The site is a combinational semi-interior space of shopping mall and transportation centre. It brings a very diverse users (tourists, shoppers, students, street musicians, beggars, etc) and activities into this dynamic place. The border here is not direct conflict but like an invisible wall between people. There is no interaction between different groups.
CENTRE OF TRANSPORTABUS
TRAM TRAIN
CAR
(CAR PARK)
This Revolving Room plays with different perspectives. Either you can sit in the revolved small room to observe every different person but yourself through the one-sided glass in the mall or look after your own appearance from the mirror without knowing that someone is peering at you from the inside.
The Revolving Market is negotiated with the sellers, buyers, enters and exits. The concept of this is trying to include the people who are excluded by the shopping mall before such as street vendors, street musicians, baggers, and so on.
Differing from common, somehow objective and logical methods of site analysing, this project allows people using more subjective, more sensuous way to perceive the image of the site. Before the final conclusion, I used various techniques to dive deeply in this specific area, such as recording the site by several short video shots and photos, and re-edited them again; writing the site by texts; 1 to 1 printings; and so on. This project practiced not only different ways of perceiving a space, but also different techniques of representing it.
FIREPLACE This project considered the somehow extreme life in a freezing and remotez village. DALE: noreg remote place(s), 2016 spring semester, BAS Location: Dale(Sunnfjord), Norway
models of the various small fireplaces through out Dale
The fireplace, the “psychological centre of the home�, where contains both practical and symbolic meanings of gathering. To maintain the metaphor and transform it into larger scale, I employed them into more public dimension.
“The totality of beliefs and sentiments common to the average members of a society forms a determinate system with a life of its own. It can be termed the collective or creative consciousness.� by Emile Durkheim Through out the world, from nowaday to the previous era, it is frequent to find that the circle, triangle and square are symbolized similarly as the universe by different cultures. Following are the general meanings the human beings use to represent the world:
spirit universe church roundabout turning opening water tree
human being mountain landscape rooftop slope fire
earth basement foundation wall door window
And I used them as an essential concept to observe and abstract the site.
“...The triangle represents the generation of energy and is the most stable physical posture. The circle symbolises serenity and perfection, the source of unlimited techniques. The square stands for solidity, the basis of applied control.” Paul Cezanne had said: ”We should take the inner/essential structure to read the nature ( things that we can perceive by eyes) which are sphere, prism, and pyramid.” These three volumes are basically constituted by circle, square, and triangle. So if square is earth triangle is human circle is sky(heavens) Housing is the process transforms human from earth. Or medium extends land into human space.
So if square is earth triangle is human circle is sky(heavens) /isometric
the triangles and the squares /elevation 01
the triangles and the squares /elevation 02
square represents the earth
the triangles and the squares /model 01
circles in spiritual terms 01
circles in spiritual terms 01
the triangles and the squares /model 02
circles is the opening sees through the outside world
the way circle represents nature 01
the way circle represents nature 02
circles as trees and a fireplace for gathering
circles is the opening connecting to the world
generate the concept from existing building in Dale/ elevation
generate the concept from existing building in Dale/ ground floor plan
generate the concept from existing building in Dale/ 2nd floor plan
Kitchen/ fireplace is to home as Allmuen kafè is to Dale. In first phase I opened it into more general usage. It preserves the function of making coffee and light food but includes more public and activities. For example, the communal meeting can be hosted in more cozy and radial space. The ground floor serves an open and spacious meeting space where the fireplace is the centre carrying a warm and cozy condition. The second floor placed a secondary gathering space and several private studying rooms which give the users a tranquil, warm and flexible space for multi-purpose.
2
3
1
Circle is a comparatively rare shape found in buildings. It shows only in spacial reasons or functions such as the church, some extravagant stairs, roundabouts, barns, containers for storage, and so on. And it mainly shows on plan but not on elevation. You can only see from God’s view. (Columns become squares when you see from human view.) I chose my main site located in the end of the city centre. It is the starting point of “spiritual area�, the church and its surrounding, where includes the only roundabout in Dale centre and the turning point from quadrupeds (vehicles) to bipeds (pedestrian). In phase two, including the future plan of the municipality, I placed several outdoor fireplaces as the response to the urban planning. The various small fireplaces connect both the axes from the mountain to the fjord and the psychological feeling of gathering by micro events.
Three axes show the relation of public fireplaces in Dale.
This is the end THANK YOU