Docs348223617710 by សាត វ៉ាន់ណៃ

saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ

dMN aMeck 1 sßanPaBdMN aMeckenAkm<úC a enAelIépÞdI20eTA60ht EdleK) anRsg;) ankñúgtarag34sßitenAkñúgextþbIKW ) at;dMbg7600h>t kMBg;cam 6800h>t kNþal2300h>t . b:uEnþmanEtextþ) at;dMbg nig extþkMBg;cameT EdleKeXIjman cMkarFMrab;ryhictacMnYn7. cMkareckTaMgenaH manenAkEnøgBIrKW enAx<g;rabdIRkhm cMkarelI CaBiessenAPUmiPaKEk,reCIgPñMenAPUmiPaKEdlmanCaticalcaireenA) at;dMbg . enAkEnøgdéTeTot dMNaMeck manlkçN³CaRKÜsar . enARbeTskm<úCa eKsegá teXIjmanBUCeckmYycMnYndUcCa eckNaMv:a ecksñab;mux eckEsñg eckTwk eckBgman; eckGMbUg eckmass¶Ün eckRkcknagb¤RBmnag nigeckePøIgCaedIm . eckNaMv:aCaRbePTeck EdlsMbUrCageKenAkm<úCaedImvamankMBs;BI4eTA5 Em:Rtmantémøefak CabgÁ Ür ehIyEdlRtÚv) aneKdaMCaeRcInBan; h>t enAx<g;rab cMkarelI . cMeBaH eckRbePTenH EpøeBjFM Nas;mYysÞgmanTMgn;CamFüm 15 K>Rk eKeRcInykedImeckNaMv:aeFVICacMNIRCÚk . ecksñab;muxCaeckmYyEbb EdleKGacykeTApS MCamYybEnøepS g² eTotsMrab;sø b¤hUbEpøTuMCa bEg¥m . eckenH manrUbragRbEhlnwgeckNaMv:aEdrb:uEnþEpøFM Cag1Cag2 b¤Cag3 . kñúgBBYkeckenH eKGacEckeTAtamRbePTBUCnImYy² EdlmaneckCVaenAkñúgenaH Edr RKan;EtBUCmYymanRKab;l¥it nigBUCmYy eTotmanRKab;FM . eckEsñgkñúgmYy2sÞgmanEpøEt3eTA4sñiteT ehIykñúgmYysñitmanEpø2b¤eRcIn manBN_Rkhm eRBÓg² . cMeBaH EpøeckRbePTenH dMeNIrTuMrbs;vamanPaByWty:avKWva TuM1eTA2ExeRkay eBlkab; . eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ vaKWCaRbePTEdlkRmrnwgman ehIymantémøNas;. vamanBN’Rkem:AenAeBlTuM . GMbUrmYy Edlecj BIeckEsñg KWeck\tRty:Ug . eckTwk manEpøtUc² nigEvgbnþicmanTm¶n;50eTA60Rk/Epø ehIykñúgmYysñitmancMnYnBI3eTA4tMbn; . kñúgmYysÞgEdlEvgbMputmanEpøBI6eTA7sñit . EpñkTuMmanBN’elOg esÞIrTg;Edg manrs;CatiEp¥mBisar . eckGMbUgeckenH manBIrRbePTmanBN’ébtg . RbePTmYymanTRmg;edImRbhak;RbEhl ecketOEpøEvgbgÁ Ürekagbnþic ragxøI sMbkRkas;BN’ébtgenAeBlTuM b¤BN’RtÜyeckesµIl¥ ehIyedImman BN’ragRkhmbnþic . eckenH RbEhlmanedIm kMeNItBIRbeTsm:aeLsuI . RbePTmYycMnYneTot EdlCYnkaleKehAfa eckGMbUg esomRtÚv) anbgá at;ecjCaBUCmYyEdl dgedImmanlkçNRbhak;RbEhl KñaEtenAeBlEpøTuMsMbkvamanBN’elOg sac;k¾elOgehIymankøinRkGUb nigEfmeTotpg .eckGMbUg kñúgRsúkeyIgGacmankMBs;dl;eTA7Em:Rt edImvaBN’Rkem:A søwkexovRkem:A kñúgmYysÞgman Epødl;eTA15sñit kñúgmYyEpømanTm¶n;100Rk EpømanragekagdUcEsñg EdleKniymehAfaGMbUgEsñg . EpøTuMmanBN’ébtg sMbkRkas;bnþic . eckGMbUgEsñgenH manGayukalEvgCagGMbUgesom . eckBgman;manEpøtUc²knþúlkñúgmYyEpømanTm¶n;BI20eTA40RkkñúgmYysñitGacmanEpødl;eTA 40 Epø . kñúgmYysÞgGacman15sñit edImBN’ébtgx©I ragRsav søwkEvg EpøTuMmanBN’elOgdUcmas sMbkesþIg sac;elOg RkGUbQ¶úy . eckmass¶Ün eckenH manlkçNRbhak;RbEhleckBgman; b:uEnþFMCag sMbk Rkas;Cag rs;CatiCUrEGm . eckRkcknag b¤Rmamnag EpøtUc² RCúg rageroveckePøIgedImmanBN’Rkhm EpøBN’Rkhm manRbePTeckmü:ageTotenARbeTskm<úCaEdl[eQµaH faeckeTonb¤eck100sñit. b:uEnþeckRbePTenH eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ kRmrmanNas;sÞgmYyGacmanRbEvgdl;eTA2Em:RtEpøtUc² Tm¶n;25Rkam cMruH ceg¥ótKñaEpøTuMBN’elOgKµanRKab;b:uEnþmansrésbnþic² GachUb) an. cMeBaH eckEdlbnþBUCedayRKab;PaKeRcInCaCMBUkeck éRBduH BaseBj enAkEnøgéRBqá ardIRkhm.manRbePTeckxøH eTotEdleKdaMKWeckRKab;eckCVa edImEvgeKdaMsRmab; ykRtyUgeFVICabEnøsRmab;ykRsTbeFVIExS cMNgEpø manRKab;eRcIn. bNþaecksRmab;eFVIbEg¥mKWeckNaMv:aEdlqab;[EpøCageKEpøelIkdMbUgBI8eTA10ExeRkayeBldaMBuM sUvFn;nwgkarraMgs¶ÜteTehIytamkar) a:n;sµanTinñplCamFümKWBI8eTA10etan/hicta. enAcMkarelI eKdaMeckNaMv:aedayP¢ÜrdIkñúgExmina emsa ehIyCIkreNþAXøatBIKña 4mx 4m enAelIdIexµA 5mx 5m enAelIdIRkhmmanCICatidaMBIEx]sPadl;kBaØa edAKl; EdlmanBnøkeRcInb¤edaykUn EdlmanGayuBI3eTA4Ex . tamcenøaH dMNaMeck eKdaMkb,as sENþkesog RtLac nigmñas; . cMkarnImYy² Rbsin ebIeKeFVIkarEfTaMRtwmRtÚvGacmanGayukal 15eTA20 qñaM . vapþl;pleRcInenAExkká dadl;mkra. Tamkar segá tkñúgqña1967plitkmµeckenAcMkarelI ) anplRbEhl43>500etanelIépÞdI 6>500 hicta KWCamFüm manTinñpl 6,5 etan/h.t.

eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ 2 plRbeyaCn_éndMN aMeck

eckKWCadMNaMmü:agsMxan;sRmab;tRmÚvkarkñúgesdækic©Cati . plitplrbs;vaGaceRbICaRbePTRss; tMNab; nigtamrUbPaBepS geTot . eckKWCaRbPBpþl;CIvCatiepS g² dUcCa GgÁ FatuEr: GgÁ FatusrIragÁ EdlCaGgÁ FatucaM) ac;sRmab;mnusS kñúgbNþÚrrUbFatuepS g² . eckKWCadMNaMmYyRbePT EdlGacdaM) anenARbeTskñúgTVIbmYycMnYndUcCaenATVIbGasuIGaRBik nig GaemrikLaTIn . naeBlbc©úb,nñenH eckCadMNaMEdlsßitenAkñúgCYrTImYyenARbeTseRbsuIl CYrTIBIrenA RbeTseGkVaT½r nigTIbIenARbeTskUsþavIta . pleckTUTaMgsklelakekIndl;57lanetan . ebIeRbóbeFobnwgplitpl TMBaMg) ayCUr ecksßitenACYrTIBIr bnÞab;TMBaMg) ayCUr . eRkABIeRbIR) as;CaplitplRss; nigtMNab; eKGacykvaeTA eFVIGal;kul sá r TwkexµH em:S A nigGacsMgYtsRmab;eRbIR) as;kñúgrUbPaBepS g² . tamkarGH Gagrbs;FmµCativiTUeK) andwgfaeckKWCadMNaMTImYy EdlmnusS ) andaMkñúgryH eBld¾yUr lg;mkehIy . eQµaH dMNaMeckEdleyIgehAenH KWehAtamBYk CnCatikulsm<½n§Es,kexµAénRbeTskñúgehÁ a .kardaMeckenAkñúgRbeTsmYycMnYn enAkñúgtMbn;RtÚBicKWcaM) ac;BuMRtÚv[mansItuNðPaB ticCag10GgS aeseT .cMeBaH RbCaCnenAtMbn;RtÚBic nigs‘ubRtÚBiceckKWCa plitplmYyy:agsMxan; sRmab;eRbI R) as;CaplitplGahar. enAbNþaRbeTs mYycMnYnenAGaRBikkareRbIR) as;pleckRbcaMqñaMKWBI eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ 200eTA300 K.RkkñúgmnusS mñak; cMENkenAGaemrikLaTInCaerogral;qñaM) annaMeckykeTAlk;enApS ar GnþrCaticMnYn 5,5lanetan nigCaRbeTsTImYyEdl) annaMecky:ageRcIneTAlk;enAelIpS arGnþrCati .Tak;TgeTAnwg plitpléndMNaMeck GñkÉkeTsCnCatiGaemrikmñak;) anGH Gagfa kñúglkçN³ l¥RbesIrelIépÞdI mYy hicta eckGacpþl;pldl;eTA 40 etan k¾b:uEnþkñúgkarGnuvtþCaerogral;qñaM eKEtgTTYl) anTinñplCamFüm 2,2etan/h.t. enAGaemrikkNþal eKGacTTYlTinñpleck) an10etan/h.tkñúgkrNIEdlcMkarrbs;eKman CICatil¥ nigmankarEfTaMRtwmRtÚv .enAkñúgEpøeckmanTwk72Eta75%GuIRdatkae) an 22eTA25% RbÚetGuIn1eTA15% GMbilEr: mYycMnYnCIvCatiA.B.C.PnigsmasFatuepS g² eTot. eckeqAEdlGacjúaM sarFatuciBa©wmkñúgmYyKILÚRkam famBl

371 kJ (89kcal)

kabUnGuIRdat

22 ,84g

sá r

12,23 g

sréshVajb½r

2,6 g

sarFatuxøaj;

0,33 g

RbÚetGuIn

1,09 g

eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ vitamInGaA

3 μg (0%)

GasuIdtüamIn(vitamInB2)

0,031 mg (3%)

Riboflavin (vit. B2)

0,073 mg (6%)

Niacin (vit. B3)

0,665 mg (4%)

GasuIdb:g;tUs(B )

0,334 mg (7%)

vitamIn B

0,4 mg (31%)

Folate (vit. B9)

20μg (5%)

Choline

9,8mg (2%)

vitamIn C

8,7mg (10%)

kal;süÚm

5mg (1%)

Edk

0,26mg (2%)

m:aejusüÚm

27mg (8%)

m:g;kaENs

0,3 mg (14%)

pUsV½r

22 mg (3%)

eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ b:UtasüÚm

358 mg (8%)

s½gá sI

0,15mg (2%)

3 edImkMeN It RbPBedIméndMN aMeck

dMNaMecksßitenAkñúgRKÜsarMusaceae . tamkarRsavRCaveK) andwgfa edImkMeNItdMbUgbMputrbs; dMNaMeckKWenATVIbGasuIEb:kxagt,ÚgeQogxaglic nig ]bTVIbm:aeLsuI. GñkFmµCativiTüaxøH ) anGH Gagfaeck KWCadMNaMTImYyEdlmnusS ) anykmkdaMdUcCadMNaMd¾éTeTotkñúgeBld¾yUrlg; .elakCHEESMAN.1948 ) anKitfaMusaEckecjCa3Epñk  Calli Musa  Rhodochamis  Eumusa

nigRhodochlamis plRbeyaCn_rbs;vasRmab;EtglMG . EumusaeKGachUb ) an. enAkñúgEumusamanCag 10RbePTEdleKeXIjmanenARbeTsCb:un k¾b:uEnþRbePTEdleKCYbRbTH eRcInKWMusa balbiriananigMusa acuminata.RbeTsm:aeLsuI KWCamNÐlEdlelceLIgMusa Callimusa

eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ manesNUTIbeBalKW karbgá at;BUC . rvagBUCnImYy² mantUnaTId¾sMxan;kñúgkarelceLIg nUvdMNaMRsúk . Musa acuminatak¾dUcRbePTdéTeTotEdr man2 n=22 TMgn;rbs;Epø 80Rkam ehIykñúgEpñknImYy² man RKab;RbEhl50eTA100 RKab; .

acuminata

karERbRbÜlénrUbPaBBIRbePTeckéRBeTACadMNaMRsúkmanCaeRcInrab;stvtS mkBUCeckmYycMnYncME dlmansBVéf¶enH KWmancMnYnRkÚm:UsUm 2 n=23 . eK) andwgfa b:UlIbøÚGuIt) aneFVI[elceLIgnUv karlUtlas;y:agxøaMgrbs;dMNaM nig begá InTinñplrbs;va . BUCEdlmancMnYnRTIbøÚGuItdUcCa Musa acuminatamanlkçN³l¥RbesIrCagBUCEdlmanDIbøÚGuIt dUcCasnÞúH énkarlUtlas; TMhMEpø KuNPaBrbs;va nwgeFVI[EpøKµanRKab;. manGñkR) aCJmYycMnYn) anKitfa enAdMNak;kallUtlas;bnþbnÞab;mkeToténkar lUtlas; rbs;dMNaMeck nig mankarelceLIgnUvkarbgá at;kñúgcMeNamGMbUr TaMgLay. 4 lkçN H CIv saRsþéndMN aMeck dMNaMeckKWCaBBYkeckk¾b:uEnþeckmanRbePTCarukçCatifñak;x<s; . EpñkenAeRkamdIén dMNaMeckKWCaRbePTRejeton sRmab;bnþBUCenACMnan;eRkay² eTot .eckKWCaRbePTdMNaMEdlmansøwkFM CYnkalsøwkGacmanRbEvgdl;eTA 8eTA10 Em:Rt. RbEvgsøwkEdleKEtgCYbjwkjab;CageK 1,5eTA3,5 Em:Rt nigRbEvgTTwg 0,6 eTA 1 Em:Rt . søwkduH lUtlas;ecjBImUlemIm (Rhizome)

CadMbUgsøwklUtlas;ecjBIedImCaragsñÚltan;ragrmUl² bnÞab;mkvarlaecj CaépÞsøwk .GaRs½yelIRbePTepS g² énBUCniglkçNH énkardaMduH kMras ;rbs;edImGacmandl;eTA34eTA40s.m . cMeBaH edImeckFMeBjv½ysøwk manépÞlUtlas; y:agxøaMg nigmancMnYn8eTA10søwk .dMNaMeckGac RsÚbykCICati nigGgÁ FatuciBa©wmepS g² BIkñugdIV eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ enAkñúgTMhMépÞdICamFümBI 80 eTA 100 Em:Rtkaer:CuMvijedImenaH b¤k¾FMCagenH pgk¾man .cMeBaH dMeNIrkar ecjEpøEdlbrRBwtþeTA tamEpñkxagkñúgénedImcab;epþImBIkarecjRty:UgEdlbnÞab;mkcab;epþImpá a nigbegá It CaEpø . eKGaceFVIkarkt;smÁ al;) anfa cMeBaH edImnImYy² eRkayeBlEdlEpøTuM nigeKkab;Epøecj BIedImRtUvgab; dUecñH kñúgkarGnuvtþeKEtgEtkab;edImenaH muneBlEdlvagab; . enAkEnøgEdledImgab; elceLIgnUvedImfµIeTotedayenAelIKl;rbs;edImem) aman BnøkTMBaMEdlmanlkçNH dUcrukçCatiem) ava . EpñkxagelIénedIm (Rty:Ug) ) anelceLIgehIylUtlas; nigrIkTMhMCalMdab; . enAelIRty:UgenH manpá ajIy:ageRcInGaRs½yeTAnwgcMnYnEpøeckEdlduH ecjBIsÞgénRty:UgenaH . pá ajITaMgenaH sßitenAelIkUnEpøtUc² EdlenAelIRty:Ug . enAelIkUnEpø tUc² enaH manpá ajIBI 6eTA 20. epþImecjBIpá ajIvabegá ItEpø . Rty:UgeckpþúMeLIgedaysÞgpá ajIEdl nigkøayeTACaEpøeckpá aeQµalRsTab;pá a . RsTab;pá amYyRKbdNþb; elIpá amYyRKb (mYysñit) RKbbnþbnÞab;KñaelIpá aTaMgGs; .EpñkekIteLIg edayKµanqøgtamryH kareraylMGgeLIy . EpøenH rIkmaD) anmkBI karrIkmaDénpá ajI EdlmanRKb; enAxagkñúg . ÉlMGgEdlekIteLIgenAelIkBa©úMpá aKµanlT§PaBnwglUtlas; . edaysarlMGgKµanlT§PaBnwg eray) anenaH RKab;enAkñúgEpø TaMgGs;k¾KµanlT§PaBbnþBUCeTAeTot) anEdr . dMNaMeck eKEckecjCaBIrRkúm: Epømanrs;CatiEp¥meKykvaeTAeFVICa®hVÚm:as EpøRtÚv) anbMElgeTACasá renAdMNak;kalEdlvaTuM .

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ehIyCatimü:agEdlRtÚv) anbegá ItenAkñúg

eckEdlmanrs;CatiEp¥mman95%énpleckTUTaMgBiPBelakehIyKWCaplitplmYyy:ag sRman;kñúgkarnaMecj . RbePTeckenAkñúgRkúmenH l¥ nigmanesÞIrEtenARKb;TIkEnøgKWBUCRkÚmIEsl Edlpþl;Tinñplx<s;EpømanKuNPaBq¶aj; nigsÞgFMkñúgmYysÞgman20sñitb¤elIsBIenH ehIykñúgmYy sÞgmanrhUtdl;eTA400Epø . TMhMCamFümrbs;EpøKWbeNþay 17eTA 20s.m manTMgn;rhUt

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eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ dl;110 eTA170 Rk/Epø . BUCxøH eTotEdleKCYbRbTH mansÞgFM nigGacmanEpødl;eTA 2000Epø. dMNaMeckpá akñúgkMLúgeBl6eTA8ExeRkayeBlEdlcab;daM . PaBTuMrbs;Epøcab;epþImkñúg ry³eBlBuMdUcKñaeTKWvaGaRs½yeTAelIcMNaMgBnøWRBH GaTitübec©keTsdaMduH nig lkçx½NÐGakasFatu .cMeBaH RbePTeckenAkñúgRkúmTI2vijkñúgdMNak;kalEdlvaTuMvasMbUreTAedayCatiemS A. EpøeckEdlsßitenAkñúg RkúmenH RtÚv) aneKykeTAeRbIR) as;CaGahar . cMeBaH Epørbs;va CadMbUg eKsMgYtvabnÞab;mkkineTACaemS A edIm,IykeTAeRbIR) as;tamesckþIRtÚvkarepS g² . eKEtgEtykmS AeckeTAdak;layCamYyemS ARsÚvsalI .RbB½n§b¤séndMNaMeckmanlkçNH xusEbøkBIrukçCatid¾éTeTot eBalKWvaKµanb¤sEkvFMepS geTot . Cab;nwgKl;vabegá ItbrimaNeRcInénb¤sFmµtaenARsTab;nImYy² ehIyb¤sesÞIrEtmankRmas;b:unKña (0eTA1s.m). eTAtamrebobsßitenArbs;RbB½n§b¤ sB kñúgdIvaGacduH lUtlas; tamépÞedk nig Qr . tamépÞedk RbB½n§b¤sGaclUtlas;) ancm¶ay6eTA7Em:Rt cMENktamépÞQrKW) an 1eTA1,5 Em:Rt . eckmanb¤skñúgbrimaNeRcInenACitnwgépÞdI CaBiessenAkEnøgEdl mansMeNIm . b¤srbs;eckmankarlUtlas;xøaMgKWkñúgmYyéf¶valUt) an 3eTA4s.m. karlUtlas; nigkarsßitenAnéRbB½n§b¤sGaRs½yelIlkçN³sMeNImTRmg; nig sarFatuciBa©wmrbs;dI (soil productivity) . kñúgkarEfTaMcaM) ac;RtÚvBinitü rebobsßitenAnwg karlUtlas;rbs;b¤ seFVIy:agenH edIm,IgayRsÜldl;kareRbICI kareRsacRsB nigkar eRbIeRKÓgynþ . 5 bris ßandMN aMeck kñúgkardaMdMNaMeck edIm,ITTYl) anTinñplx<s;enAtMbn;RtÚBicnigs‘ubRtÚBiccaM) ac;RtÚvKitCamunnUv lkçN³sRmbsRmÜleTAnwgkEnøgEdleKdaMBiessKW PaBrs;rbs;vaeTAnwgsItuNðPaBl¥RbesIrsRmab;kar lUtlas; nigpþl;rbs;dMNaMeckKW24eTA29GgS aes . brimaNTwkePøógRbcaMExRtwmkRmas;50 m.m eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ eFVI[) at;bg;karlUtlas; nigkarpþl;Epø rbs;dMNaMeck . mü:ageTotkarlUtlas; nigpþl;Epø vaTak;TgeTAnwgGakasFatu niglkçN³rUbrbs;dI . brimaNTwkePøógEdlpþl;lkçN³l¥RbesIr sRmab;karlUtlas; nigEpøKW 1000eTA1200m.m kñugry³eBlmYyqñaM . kñúgkardaMdMNaMecklkçN³dIKWCaktþamYyd¾sMxan; eBaldMNaMeckmanRbB½n§ b¤slUtlas;exS ayeday sarmUlehtuenH KWvars;enAnigsmasPaBmemaknigGgÁ FatuEr:epS g² CaBiessdMNaMeckTamTarbriyakas kñúgdIl¥RbesIr . kñúgkrNIEdldIRtÚvTwklicbrimaNGuksuIEsnenAkñúgdIfycuH .kñúgkareRCIserIs dIsRmab;dMNaMeck eKRtÚveRCIserIsdI EdlmanCatiGMbileRcIn KWcMeBaH dIEdlmanxS ac;eRcIn0,03 % PaKryGMbil) l,ab;0,05%nigdI\dæ0,01%.pHdIEdll¥RbesIrsRmab;dMNaMeckKW5,5eTA 7.

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6 karbnþB UC nig kardaMd MN aMeck cMeBaH karbnþBUCéndMNaMeck eKGacykKl;TaMgmUlb¤kat;CaEpñk² ykeTAdaM . CaTUeTAeKniym kUneck(Exñg) EdlduH ecjBIKl;manBIrRbePTKWBnøkkUnFmµta nig BnøkkUnxageRkam . HopuBnøkkUnFmµta ekIteLIgBIBnøkEpñkxagelIénmUlemIm cMENkBnøkkUnxageRkamekItecjBIBnøkEpñkxageRkaménmYyemIm (BnøkkUnFmµta) KWCasrIragÁ sRmab;daM(bnþBUC) l¥RbesIrCagBnøkkUnxageRkam KWvaGacpþl;Epøpá aqab; Cag . kñúgkareRCIserIsykExñgeQIFmµta EdlmankarlUtlas;l¥ . TMhMénExñgeQImanlkçN³ epS g² KñaEdlGaRs½yeTA.ebIeKeRCIserIsExñgeQIEdlmanTMhMFMl¥ nigBnøkEdlmankarlUtlas;l¥edIm,I ykeTAbnþBUCeRkayeBlEdlykeTAdaM enAc,arKWvamankarlUtlas; nigpþl;Epø . eBlevlaRbesIrkñúgkarbMEbkExñgeQIBIrukçCatiem) a KWkñúgdMNak;kalpþl;EpøBIeRBaH kñúgdMNak; kal enH ExñgeQImanGgÁ FatubMrugeRcIn . kñúgkareRCIserIsykkUneckykeTAdaMenAc,arKWeKeRCIsykkUneck EdlBuMmankarbMpøajBIstVl¥itnwgCm¶WeLIyehIyeKRtÚveRCIserIsyk kUneckNaEdlman kRmas;40eTA70 s.m.enAkEnøgxøH éntMbn;RtÚBicRbePTénsrIragÁ sRmab;daMKWbMENkénmUlemIm .enAkñúgcMkarcas;² KWeKcab; eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ ykmkemIlBIkñúgdIehIykat;vaCacMENk² .cMENknImYy² RtÚvmanBnøk1,5eTA2K.Rk . kñúgkrNIEdleK cg;) anedImEdlmansÞgFMRtÚv begáIncenøaH Kum< nigcenøaH rg . kñúgkrNIEdleKdaMjwkeKTTYl) anTinñplx<s; b:uEnþTm¶n;rbs;sÞgRtÚvfycuH . kñúgkrNIEdlEfcenøaH rgmanRbEvg2,5m x 2,5m rhUt dl; 2m x2m brimaNplKWBI59,6eTA70,8etan/h.t . kñúgkrNIenH Tm¶n;sÞgRtÚv ) anfycuH BI31,2eTA27,7 K.Rk . naeBlbc©úb,nñenH cenøaH rgEdleKniymGnuvtþn_KW4m x 4mnig 3,5m x 3,5m.dMNaMeckcab;epþIm pá aeRkayBIeBldaM) an 7eTA10 ExcMeBaH ry³eBlEdlEpøcab;epþIm TuMKWGaRs½yeTAtamBUC niglkçN³ GakasFatu. kñúgkrNIEdlGakasFatuekþAKWry³eBléndMeNIrkarpþl;EpønigTuMRtÚv) anbRgÜj.kñúgkMLúgeBl 2 eTA3Ex eRkayeBlEdl) andaMenAKl;rbs;edImelcecjnUvExñgeQIfµI. Canic©CakaleRkayeBlEdlelc ecjnUvExñgeQIeRcIneBkeKRtÚvkat;ecalb¤bMEbkvaykeTAdaMenAkEnøgepS geTotKWeKTukEt3eTA5b:ueNÑaH . cMeBaH ExñgeQIEdlmankarlUtlas;le¥BalKWkñúgkMLúgeBl3eTA6ExeRkayBIeBlEdleKkab;rukçCatiemva Gacpþl;EpøCabnþeTot. dUecñH Kl;edImecknImYy² Gacpþl;kUneckCaeRcIndgtamTMhMénkarlUtlas;rbs;edIm Edlpþl;EpøCa bnþbnÞab;enAkñúgcMkar . 7 karEfTaMd MN aMeck enAelIcMkarnImYy²eckRtÚveK) andaMkñúgry³eBleRcInqñaMdUcenH edIm,IkarlUtlas;nigedIm,Ipþl;Epøpá ava RsÚbBIdInUvGgÁ FatuciBa©wmCaeRcIn.karviPaKnana) anbgðajfaedIm,ITTYl) anTinñplEpøCamFüm1etanvaRsÚb ykN: 2K.Rk P O :0,9K.Rk K O:7K.Rk.edIm,InwgTTYl) anTinñplx<s;caM) ac;RtÚvykcitþTukdak;elIkar eRbIR) as;CIsrIragÁnigCIGsrIragÁ. 2

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ enARbeTseRbsuIlkñúgkarbegá InTinñpleKeRbIbrimaNGasUteRcInCagbrmaNCIpUsVr½nigCIb:UtasüÚm. brimaNCIGasUtEdlRtÚvdak;kñúgmYyhictaKW224K.Rk.enARbeTshVIlIBIneKeRbICIGasUt65RkCaRbePT NaNO nig50Rk> K O nigCIpUsVr½xøH ² tamedImnImYy² . enAkñúgcMkarPaKeRcInkardaMdMNaMeckEkEtgCYb RbTH nUvCm¶Wmü:ag EdlsøwkmanBN’exovcas;EdlbNþalmkBIenAkñúgdIxVH CatiMg. KWCaRbePTCm¶WmYy EdleFVI[ Tinñ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិ◌ិiplcuH 50%។edIm, Ibnßyb¤bM) at;ecalTaMgRsúgnUvCm¶WRbePTenH caM) ac;CIEdlmanCatiMgdUcCa MgSO CaedIm.enAtMbn;xøH eToteKEtgCYbRbTH nUvRbePTCm¶W EdlbeNþaymkBIkarxVH mIRkÚ sarFatumYycMnYndUcCaZn,Mn,Mo.karxVH CatiMnbNþal[ekItCm¶Wkør:UselIsøwkEdleFVI[TRmg;rbs;søwkmanlkçN³BuMRtwmRtÚvnwgeFVI[EpøtUc² . rukçCatiigayekItCm¶WchlorosoedaysarpS itmü:ageQµaH fa Dcightoniella tolurosa. 3

8 karEfTaMc ,areck dMNaMeckEtgEtCYbRbTH nUvkar) ak;edImedaysarxül;xøaMgdUcenH enACuMvijc,areKRtÚveFVIrg) aMgxül; edaydaMrukçCatiFM² .mü:ageTotedIm,IkarBaredImkuM[) ak;edaysarxül;bk;xøaMgb¤edaysaredImmansÞgFMeBk eKeRbIbegÁ aledImRTvanigeFVIkarBUnKl;Edlpþl;lkçN³l¥RbesIrdl;karlUtlas;rbs;edImnigRejetonCa BiesscMeBaH edImEdlmanKl;edImelceLIgelIépÞdI. edIm,IRbqaMgnwgBnøkesµAcéRgeKGaceRbIviFITb;Tl;edaysmøab;nigeRbIfñaMKImIsmøab;esµA. 9 BUCeck cMeBaH dMNaMeckeKmanCag300 BUC ehIyBUCTaMgenaH EckCaBIrRkúm: •

BUCeckEdlRtÚv) andaMCakmµsiT§itUctac (enACuMvijpÞH sMEbg)

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ •

BUCeckEdlsRmab;daMkñúgcMkarFM

BUCeckkñúgRkúmTImYyEpømanCatiEp¥mEdlmanenARKb;TIkEnøgeTehIymuneBlbriePaKcaM) ac;) ac;RtÚv sMgYtkinCaemS Ab¤ykeTAlaynwgemS AepS geTotedayykeTAcMGineTIbbriePaK) an.cMeBaH BUCeckEdlman CatiEp¥meKCYbRbTH enARbeTs\NÐaCag60%enAEk,rmat;smuRTEb:kxaglicénRbeTsGaRBik nigekaH m:adahá asá aCag 70% ។ RbeTsmYycMnYnFM) andaMdMNaMeckEdlCaBUCpþl;plRbeyaCn_dl;Epñk]sS ahkmµsRmab;naMecj. cMeBaH eck EdlnaMecjb¤ykeTAbMerIkñúgplRbeyaCn_]sS ahkmµRtÚvpþl;Tinñplx<s;EpøFMKuNPaBl¥nigman lkçN³l¥RbesIrkñúgkardwkCBa¢Ún .RKb;BUCEdlmanlkçN³BaNiC¢kmµRtÚv) anEckCaBIrEpñk : o

eckFmµta (eckRsúkEdlmankarduH lUtlas;xøaMg)

ecktUc (eckéRBEdlmankarduH lUtlas;exS ay)

cMeBaH eckFmµtaKWeKRtÚvdaMRKb;TIkEnøgTaMgGs;enAtMbn;RtÚBicdUcCaBUCRtÚmIEslCaedIm.eK) ansnµ t;faBUCRtÚmIEslenH manRbPBBIRbeTsm:aeLsuI . kRmas;rbs;vamanRbEvg 4eTA5,5m. CYnkal manrhUtdl; eTA8m.dg.BUCenH pþl;Tinñplx<s;nigmansÞgFM. Tm¶n;sÞgrbs;va KW30eTA35K.RksÞg nImYy² manBI8eTA10sñitehIykñúgmYysñitmanBI14eTA18EpøRbEvgEpøKW18eTA25s.mTTwgEpø4eTA5s.m ehIyEpønImYy³manTm¶n;100eTA200Rk. manrs;CatiEp¥mq¶aj;nigmankøinRkGUb.cMnucxVH xatcMeBaH BUCenH KWBuMFn;eTAnwgCm¶WEdlbNþalmkBIBBYkpS itFusarium oxysporum lanulerse . BUCRkGUbenARbeTscinBUCenH RtÚveKdaMelIépÞdICag60%énépÞdIc,ardMNaMeck.sÞgvamanRbEvg50 eTA70s.mTm¶n;15eTA20K.RkCamFümkñúgEpøkñúgEpømYymanTm¶n;75eTA80Rk. 

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ EpøKµanRKab;manKuNPaBq¶aj;brimaNTinñplx<s;. BUCEpøFMEpørbs;vaFMCagBUCRkGUbsMbkrbs;vaeBl TuMeLIgBN’elOgsac;Ep¥mEtBuMsUvmankøinRkGUbeT.kñúgsItuNðPaB11eTA13GgS aeseKGacrkS aTukva) an kñúgry³eBlmYyEx.BUCenH Fn;nwgCm¶WstVl¥itCagBUCRkGUb.BUCenH enARbeTscinmandaMelIépÞdI35%énépÞ dIdaMeckTaMgGs;. 

KWCaBUCEdlmanenARbeTsmYycMnYndUcCaCongo nigZaire CaedImKWCaBUCEdlmanlkçN³ sRmab;naMecj. edImrbs;vamankm<s;4Em:Rt.  Mauo

manenARbeTsGaemrikkNþalnigGaemrikxagt,Úg. BUCenH mansÞgFMnigKuNPaBl¥q¶aj; ehIyFn;nwgCm¶WFusarium .  Lactan



ecktUcKWCaBUCEdlmanedImtUcmankm<s;BI1,5eTA4Em:Rt.cMeBaH EpøKWtUc² manenAtMbn;RtÚBicdUc Ca\NÐaeRbsuIl\NÐÚeNsuInigRbeTsdéTeTot . BUCRkúmTIBIrcMeBaH RkúmenH manBUCepS g² Kña.kñúgcMeNamBUCTaMgenH maneRcInCagKWHorn (Esñg) sÞg rbs;vamanBIrsñitmanEpøFM² RbEvgEpø40s.mTm¶n0; ,5K.Rk.cMeBaH BUCdéTeTotkñúgsÞgnImYy² man 6 eTA8sñitehIycMnYnEpøkñúgsÞgKW120eTA150EpømanEpøtUcRbEvg20eTA25s.m.

lkçN³BiessénBUCRkúmTIBIrKWFn;nwgkarraMgs¶Üt. enARbeTs\NÐacMeBaH eckénRkúmTIBIrenH manBUCLal, Cal, Mantan Cocos Ononima nigBUCepS g² eTot. 10 stVl ¥it nig Cm¶WéndMN aMeck KWCaRbePTdgá ÚvmUlsøwkBN’s mank,alexµA vaeCosøwkehIymUreFVICabMBg; ehIyenAkñúgenaH vaekItCadwkeDOenAtamFageck . Erionotatathrax

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ KWCaRbePTdgá ÚvdYgFM² BN’s . eRkABIkarraMgxÞb;kMBUlrbs;va ecaH edImeckCuMvijesÞIrRKb;kEnøg. eKGacbMpøajstVenH edayeRbIfñaMBul . Sobmorolites

bordidus

CaRbePTdgá ÚvsuIrUgedImeck . dgá ÚvdYgrbs;BBYkenH ecaH edIm eckRtg;kEnøgCitKl; . kMBUlecjrUbragKWRbhak;RbEhlnwg Sotamorolotesté . b:uEnþvamanqñÚtRkhm tambeNþaysøabnwgxageRkA .Cm¶WsMxan;cMeBaH dMNaMeckKWFusariosenig Maladie de banana, cercospora, maladie de sigatoka . Odoiporus

Conggicolis

11 Tin ñp ldMN aMeck nig kareRbIR) as;

lkçN³Biessrbs;dMNaMeckKWkñúgc,armYyeKGacdaM) aneTAdl;30eTA40qña.M cMeBaH RbePTxøH kñúgc,a rmYyeKdaM) an3eTA10qñaM. TinñplCamFümrbs;dMNaMeckelIBiPBelakKW10eTA20etan/h.tenATVIbGaRBik5eTA7etan/h.t. enAkaemrUnGURsþalInigRbeTsdéTeTot 40eTA60 etan/h.t . dMNak;kalEdleKGackab;EpøecjBIedIm) ankñúgkrNIEdlvamanTMhMRtwmRtÚvBN’rsCati. kñúgkarnaMecjeTAbreTseKkab;RbePTEpøEdlBuMTan;eBjelj.kñúgkrNIenH eKerobcMRbGb;b¤EksEd lmanlT§PaBGacrkS asItuNðPaB[enAnwg. eroberogeday s BisI

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ ebIeKrkS asItuNðPaBkñúgRbGb;[) an12eTA13GgS aesedaymansMeNImGakasFatu 85 eTA90% kñúgry³eBl20eTA25éf¶eTIbvaTuM. eKeRbIR) as;EpøeckCacMNIGahartamrUbPaBepS g²dUcCaeckRss;eckes¶areckqwgeckGaMgTaMgsMbk b¤k¾bksMbkecjnMeckepS g² (nMeckbukGnS meck) . eKTTYlTaneckGaMgeckqwgsá rEdleFVIGMBIeckNaMv:a (eckmantMélefak) edaycMGinCamYysá r b¤hal[s¶Üt .eKsegá teXIjmanEpøeckBIrRbePT EdleKerobcMsRmab;lk;dUr: eckqab eKykeckcas;l¥mkbksMbkecj bMBgnwgxøaj;nigkUrCamYysárkUr(taMgEm:) . 

nigcitCabnÞH tambeNþayEpø

rYcykeTA

eckbnÞH eKykeckTuMbksMbkcittambeNþayEpøCabnÞH esþIgehIyykeTAhaléf¶ekþAenAelIRBÜlb¤ sS I[) anBI7eTA10 em:agkñúgmYyéf¶. 

eKTTYl) aneckTuMeCarEdleKhaléf¶b¤sMgYtenAkñúgc®gá anx<s;EdlmankMedAminesµI. eKnaMykeckRb ePTenH edayevcx©b;nwges,ag) aøsÞiceTAlk;enAÉTIRkúgehIyCYnkalnaMecjeTARbeTseRkA (enAqñaM1968 mancMnYn10etan) . CagenH eTAeTot eKniymeRbIRty:UgnwgkUneck (NaMv:aCVa) sRmab;eFVICasmørbs;mnusS . søwkeckmansarH RbeyaCn_Nas;Edr eRBaH eKGacykvaeTAx©b;vtßúepS g² BiesssRmab;x©b;cMNI Gahar cUcCanMGnS meckCaedIm.minEtb:ueNÑaH ksikryksøwkeckTuMmkmUr) arICMnYsRkdas;Bum<nigCMnYssøwk sEgá (Combretum quadrangulare) .

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ eKGacykedImeckeTA[RCÚkb¤skeFVICaExS cMNg) aneRBaH srésedImeck manPaBsVitbnþicEdr ehIyk¾manedImeck[srés (musa textilis) Edr.eKeRcIndaMeckRbePTxageRkamenH enAsßanIy_ksikmµ. GnuplepS g² eTotrbs;edImeck KWeKGacykedImeTAkat;Cakg;b¤han;buk[m:t;sRmab;eFVICacMNI eKa esH RCÚkCaedIm) aneTot.

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ Éksareyag 

esovePAeQIhUbEpø eroberogedayelak pat; munñI

 Internet : o

Denham, T., Haberle, S. G., Lentfer, C., Fullagar, R., Field, J., Porch, N., Therin, M., Winsborough B., and Golson, J. "Multi-disciplinary Evidence for the Origins of Agriculture from 6950–6440 Cal BP at Kuk Swamp in the Highlands of New Guinea." Science, June 2003 issue.

Editors (2006). "Banana fiber rugs". Dwell6 (7): 44. Brief mention of banana fiber rugs

Leibling, Robert W. and Pepperdine, Donna (2006). "Natural remedies of Arabia". Saudi Aramco World57 (5): 14. Banana etymology, banana flour.

Skidmore, T., Smith, P. –Modern Latin America (5th edition), (2001) New York: Oxford University Press

Watson, Andrew. Agricultural innovation in the early Islamic world, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

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saklviTüal½yPUminÞksikmµ

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