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WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 | VOL LXXI ISSUE 16 tccclarion.com f/ccclarion T@ccclarion
CONGRATULATIONS The spring commencement ceremony takes place at 9 a.m. June 16 at the Citrus College Stadium. See a complete list of graduates on page 8 and 9.
Former student charged with capital murder
Three men in custody on $2 million bail each, while one suspect goes missing BY JAMES DUFFY STAFF REPORTER
JDUFFY@CCCLARION.COM
A former Citrus College student is one of four charged with a robbery, kidnapping and murder in Azusa on May 31. KCal 9 Los Angeles reported that the victim, Julian Hamori-Andrade, was the father of a 9-monthold child and had a second on the way. The Los Angeles County district attorney’s complaint alleges special circumstances including “lying in wait” and murder during a kidnapping and robbery. One of the accused, Francisco Amigon, enrolled at Citrus in spring 2017. Dean of Admissions and Records Gerald Sequeira confirmed Amigon attended for one semester, played no sport at Citrus and did not receive any awards. Another suspect is missing, Matthew Luzon, 21, of Azusa. In the complaint, Luzon is accused of beating the victim with a rock and a broken glass pipe. He was a close friend of another Citrus student, Joshua Romero. Romero, who is studying business administration, said he was a lifelong friend of the fugitive suspect, Luzon. They went to middle school and
“
He went way extreme about it -gangs and getting into fights. I’m his close friend, he would talk about it a lot.” -JOSHUA ROMERO
Business administration major who knows the missing suspect
Charter Oak High School together. Romero said he was also acquainted with another murder suspect, Hercules Baskalas, who was in his circle of friends. L.A. County Sheriff’s Deputy Trina Schrader said in a statement that the suspects first attacked the victim at the residence of Matthew Luzon, in the 6100 block of Goodway Drive of Azusa — less than 2 miles from campus. Officers at the San Dimas station of the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department responded to a disturbance call by another tenant at the Azusa address on May 28, the statement said. SEE MURDE R • PAGE 7
James Duffy Clarion
Police allege that Julian Hamori-Andrade was beaten, robbed and kidnapped from a home on the 6100 block of Goodway Drive, seen here on June 1. Citrus student Joshua Romero visited the address on April 21.
HOW TO BEE A COMMUNITY
Professor Bruce Solheim’s play and book “Ali’s Bees” was performed for children to teach them about bullying and bees PG. 10
Changes to financial aid Direct deposit and other options coming fall PG. 3
PAGE 2
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
OWL BEAT Everything you need to know about current events on the campus community. If there is something you want us to cover, email us: contact@ccclarion.com • JUNE 5 - NIGHT OWL YOGA
Feeling stressed before finals? De-stress with a yoga session, which will be from noon-1 p.m. at CI 159. • JUNE 7 - APU OUTREACH TABLE
Representatives from APU will be outside the ED building from 10 a.m. to noon., to inform students and answer any questions.
ANNOUNCEMENTS
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HOOT TWEETS:
@CitrusADWheels: “Tonight was definitely what it was all about. What a great time celebrating my first @CitrusCollege achievement Awards as a full-time faculty member.” @SGVTribune: “30-year-old Kirk Cabana turns back the clock to live out baseball dream at Citrus College.”
OWLSTAGRAM:
• JUNE 14 - MOBILE FOOD PANTRY
The mobile food pantry returns to campus from 8 a.m. to noon at the Campus Center Mall. • JUNE 16 - COMMENCEMENT CEREMONY
Come see the graduating class 9 a.m. at the Citrus College Stadium. No tickets required. • JUNE 25 - SUMMER ACADEMIC TERM
First day of summer classes. Remember to register for classes on Citrus WingSpan.
THE 1000 BLOCK | Citrus campus safety blotter
obstructing an officer
Burglary
MAY 23 – 12:46 p.m. Case#: 2018-053 Location: Hayden Library Disposition: Closed
MAY 31 – 9:06 a.m. Case#: 2018-057 Location: Facilities Disposition: Closed
involuntary psychiatric hold
traffic collision damage to district property
MAY 24 – 12:20 p.m. Case#: 2018-054 Location: Student Services Disposition: Closed
Robbery MAY 29 – 1:39 p.m. Case#: 2018-055 Location: S1 Parking Lot Disposition: Open
hit and run MAY 30 – 1:30 p.m. Case#: 2018-056 Location: S1 Parking Lot Disposition: Closed
MAY 31 – 10:04 a.m. Case#: 2018-058 Location: S4 Parking Lot Disposition: Closed
Domestic battery MAY 31 – 1:55 p.m. Case#: 2018-059 Location: Education Center Disposition: Closed Reports are provided courtesy of the Citrus College Campus Safety Department. A report is not a statement of guilt.
Letters Policy The Clarion welcomes feedback from our readers. We want to hear from you! Send your letters to ccclarion.com/letters. All correspondence must include your student ID#, major and signature. Letters may be edited for content.
Owaulghitner g w/ L
A COMIC STRIP BY CHARITY WA NG
CITRUS COLLEGE
CLARION Emily Cristler-Hermosillo editor-in-chief John Michaelides managing editor Daniel Bardonner news editor Maddison October features editor Michael Quintero photo editor Ryan Thompson web editor/circulation manager Charity Wang art editor Patrick Fernandez opinions editor Erica Capitaine social media manager
Staff Reporters: Erik Adams, Gloria Cruz, Zaina Cummins, Jesse Elrod, Rose Junqueira, Brianna Sewell, Cameron Sparks Copy Desk: Mikayla Carrillo, Alana Daly, Jackie Giambalvo, Jessica Lifosjoe, Celina Ornelas, Karla Segura, Bianca Valenzuela Editorial Board: James Duffy, Patrick Fernandez, Darius Johari, Richard Gonzalez, Takina Walker Freelance Contributors: Daisy Diaz, Brandy Estrada, Deja McReynolds, Sayedah Mosavi, Megan Patterson, Nickey Williams Patrick Schmiedt Clarion adviser Margaret O’Neil Clarion adviser Stacy K. Long Clarion adviser
The Clarion is produced by journalism students and is distributed every other Wednesday during the semester. Ads are not endorsed by the Clarion. Editorials are the opinion of at least 75 percent of the Editorial Board. All other opinion is that of the writer. Views expressed do not represent those of the adviser, faculty, administration, Associated Students of Citrus College and/or CCCBOT. Libel will not be published.
Clarion
NEWS
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 3
Record set for Early Decision Program BY DANIEL BARDONNER NEWS EDITOR
DBARDONNER@CCCLARION.COM
A record 1,162 local high school seniors participated in the Early Decision Program at Citrus College this semester. The outreach program, which began in 2006, is meant to aid graduating seniors in the communities surrounding Citrus with the transition between high school and college. The high school students, who you may have seen on campus, visited Citrus College over the last couple months to participate in the Early Decision Program. This helps to prepare them for registration. “Students attend presentations at their high school and sign up for the program,” Gerald Sequeira, dean of enrollment services said in an email. “They complete an application, take the assessment and receive an orientation in spring of their senior year.” Students who participate in the Early Decision Program get priority registration as freshmen, Martha McDonald, vice president of student services said. The program has expanded each year since it began. “When we started out we were limited to about 50 students,” McDonald said. “We have also expanded to high schools who invite, who are outside of our district.” Citrus College serves the
The number of high students involved with the Early Decision Program over the past eight years.
districts of Glendora, Azusa, Gladstone, Monrovia, Duarte and Claremont high schools. “We started with two schools and now we have every school in the district,” Ivon McCraven,
outreach supervisor at Citrus, said. “Plus, this year we provided service to nine or 10 schools out of district.” Out-of-district schools can request that Citrus visit their
Courtesy of Ivon McCraven, outreach supervisor
school and give a pitch for the Early Decision Program. “If out-of-district schools call us and invite us to come to their school, we do one presentation for their seniors in fall, we do one
application workshop for them and then we go to them for early decision,” McCraven said. As of June 4, 782 of the 1,162 early decision students have registered at Citrus College.
Financial aid disbursements going digital New system to provide financial aid arriving fall 2018 semester BY CHARITY WANG ART EDITOR
CWANG@CCCLARION.COM
Disgruntled students expressed their disappointments and complaints on social media, such as the Citrus College Students Facebook group, because their recent financial aid disbursement arrived a few days later than May 18, the date that was listed on the Citrus College website. However, Citrus College has implemented a system that would provide a solution to money not arriving in time. Starting in fall 2018, students may now receive their financial aid disbursement by direct deposit through a company called BankMobile Disbursements. BankMobile Disbursements is the company that local community colleges such as Mount San Antonio, Chaffey and Rio Hondo partnered with to provide students with the options to receive their financial aid in a shorter time than receiving their aid by mail. Every student who is eligible to receive financial aid, such as the Pell Grant, will receive a green envelope in mail. That is known as the “Refund Selection Kit.” Inside will be a unique code and instructions to activate a student’s refund preference on the website RefundSelection.com. There are three choices a student can make: • Students can obtain their financial aid through BankMobile Vibe, a digital-only checking
“
I think it will be a good idea because you will check that your money is there. I know some people would want a direct deposit.” -KHAYLA LARA
kinesiology major
account which provides a Debit MasterCard®. • Students can choose for their financial aid to be directly deposited to their own bank accounts. (For example, the student would not have to make a Vibe account.) • Students can opt in to recieve paper checks if they desire to. Students can expect their Refund Selection Kit in the mail starting on July 27, the Citrus College Financial Aid Office said in a email sent to students on June 1. The Citrus College Clarion published an editorial in 2017 titled, “Financial Aid: The high price of playing the waiting game,” which explained the need for a direct deposit feature for financial aid disbursements to counteract possible issues such as acquiring funds too late or losing the check. Amy Cruz, a student in the Registered Dental Assisting program, was one of the many students that receive the Pell Grant in the mail. “I didn’t mind receiving it through the mail, but this second disbursement came in late and I almost freaked out because I thought I wouldn’t have money to pay for summer,” Cruz said. “I don’t know why it came late. Usually it comes in on time.” Textbooks are one of the largest expenses for students and for Cruz. “I have to ask my mom if she can lend me money and I’ll pay her
Illustration by Charity Wang Clarion
back with the FAFSA. I get the books cheaper on Amazon or offer up on the Facebook page for Citrus students.” Cruz said. On the other hand, Khayla Lara, a kinesiology major said that she has not encountered any issues receiving her financial aid. Lara said that due to her involvement
with the EOP&S program, she receives grant money to buy her textbooks. The addition of the system leaves some students skeptical, but overall optimistic. “Well it is the first time and I’m kind of nervous because what if the direct deposit doesn’t go through
as ‘planned’, but at the same time I’m kind of glad because now I don’t have to go to the bank to deposit the check,” Cruz said. “I think it will be a good idea because you will check that your money is there. I know some people would want a direct deposit,” Lara said.
Clarion
NEWS
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 5
Guided Pathways project in planning stage BY SAYEDAH MOSAVI STAFF REPORTER
SMOSAVI@CCCLARION.COM
Citrus College is adopting the California Community College education-reform initiative known as the Guided Pathways Project to increase and streamline student completion rates. The official California Guided Pathways website, http://www.caguidedpathways.org, states the project will entail the development of “clear, educationally coherent program maps” along with intensive advising support from academic counselors. The website further explains that for students who have decided on a major and career, these program maps, or “pathways,” will provide a structured sequence of courses that will guide students toward their specific educational goals. The course sequences will also prepare students for the labor market by integrating essential skills for their chosen fields. The website explains that one of the major promises of the Guided Pathways Project is reducing education equity gaps through its proposed reforms. Specifically, its proposal to provide structured course sequences with integrated counseling will help students stay on track and help eliminate achievement barriers that impede the progress of historically underrepresented groups, first-generation students, foster youth and low-income students. By implementing this framework, students “are more likely to succeed; they’re more likely to get through their college experience at a faster
Illustration by Sayedah Mosavi Clarion
rate,” Dr. Arvid Spor, vice president of academic affairs, said. Students who are undecided about their majors will not be immediately asked to choose a pathway. “We’ll probably ask that they take a career development course that way they can go through a variety of assessments, get a better understanding of what they think feels right for them that they’d like to pursue,” Spor said. During an ASCC meeting on March 27, Rebecca Rudd, professor of English and academic senate chair , said Citrus College operates under the “cafeteria model” framework. Under this model, there is no defined structure to the course offerings.
Instead, students are exposed to a large array of course options, causing confusion about what courses they may need to take to achieve their educational goals. As a result, students end up taking courses they do not need, or they take too many courses. “Before you know it, you have way more units than you need to transfer or meet whatever educational goal that you have for yourself,” Rudd said. Instead, students would “actually prefer to be told, ‘Look here’s pretty much what you’ve got. You’ve got a few choices. This is what you need to do and how you need to do it,’” Spor said. ADVERTISEMENT
David Kary, professor of astronomy and chair of the program review committee, said although the project is meant to benefit all students, it will especially benefit first-generation college students. “There are some students, especially some students who are coming in kind of like when I entered college—with no family history, and it’s very easy to get completely overwhelmed with the options,” Kary said. “If we can give you a simpler set of options, then we’ll do that for you.” Administrators also expressed optimism about the planned changes. “I believe it will be beneficial for all students, and I don’t think that the
state of California would be choosing to invest funding in it if they thought else wise,” Spor said. Martha McDonald, vice president of student services, was also excited about the project. “These efforts will positively impact a student’s ability to complete their academic and professional goals in a timely and cost-effective manner,” McDonald said. The project will take three to five years before it is implemented in its entirety. Citrus College is only in the planning stage of the initiative. The college will continue to be in the planning stage through the 2018 fall semester.
NEWS
Clarion
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 7
ASCC opposes smoking; only trustees can change policy BY ZAINA CUMMINS STAFF REPORTER
ZCUMMINS@CCCLARION.COM
Smoking on campus at Citrus College has been an issue for years. “The Board of Trustees have the final say. ASCC does not have authority to set campus policy and would not be able to amend the current policy,” Citrus College Dean of Students Mary Ann Tolano-Leveque said. The Associated Students of Citrus College does not have the authority to decide if the smoking should stop or continue. “They (ASCC) passed a law that said they didn’t support smoking, but it is no use if it does not go through the Board of Trustees,” Tolano-Leveque said. Psychology major Brittany Sanders said she has not had much of a problem with people smoking on campus until now. “The smoking on campus never really bothered me until this year,” Sanders said. “I have been going here since 2017 and each semester it seems to progress, but this semester it has gotten out of hand. The smoking used to just happen in designated areas, but now it’s more free and kind of all over the place. I would most definitely like for it to stop and do whatever it takes.” Some students have health concerns, like asthma, such as current student and sociology major Amber Wainwright. “I’ve been going here for about three years and the smoking on campus has just kept getting worse,” Wainwright said. “I would always see students smoking, but it was never this freely... They smoke in groups,
Zaina Cummins Clarion
A student flicks ashes from a cigarette into one of the many ashtrays on campus on May 31 at the Citrus Campus Center Mall. Universities of California and CalState Universities do not allow smoking on campus, but Citrus College has designated smoking areas.
which makes the scent of the smoke 10 times stronger. I’d like for it to be stopped for the sake of my asthma.” Tolano-Leveque stated the steps to ending smoking on campus as follows: “As student leaders, they could support a no-smoking policy by drafting a resolution and requesting this change of campus administrators,” Tolano-Leveque said. “Student leaders would begin the process by approving the resolution and bringing it to my attention as the Dean of
Students and I would take it from there.” Multiple steps are required to resolve this issue, and it would take about two or three semesters. To make things even more complicated, there is a new group of ASCC representatives every semester, and not all of them will always agree. The ASCC gets a new group of students every semester. The ASCC did a smoking survey in 2016, and a majority of the students they surveyed voted that they did not want smok-
“
The smoking used to just happen in designated areas, but now it’s more free... -BRITTANY SANDERS
student
ing on campus. Tolano-Leveque said she could not share the exact results of the survey. Once the survey was done, the group of students
then wrote a recommendation to the Board of Trustees regarding this issue on campus. Tolano-Leveque said the ASCC students who voted to end smoking before the new students came along must keep their previous votes to themselves. They must not roll over to the new group of ASCC students or influence their opinion in any kind of way. For further questions, contact Mary Ann Tolano-Leveque at mtolano-leveque@citruscollege.edu.
murder F R O M PA G E 1
Romero said he spent the night at Luzon’s rented room on April 21, just over a month before Hamori-Andrade’s deadly beating there. Romero showed a video he took of Luzon on the evening he stayed with him. Romero said the Luzon admitted to him that he identified with the Crips gang. In the video, Luzon can be heard saying, “This is a f------ barrio Crip gang, eh fool.” Romero explained why he thought Luzon would be attracted to gangs. “We both got picked on a lot, but as the years progressed, I guess we kind of toughened up,” Romero said. “He went way extreme about it — gangs and getting into fights. I’m his close friend, he would talk about it a lot. Even my dad had to drop him off at the courthouse once for a case.” Crips are not one of the several known gangs in Azusa. “There are a lot of subgangs local to the area,” Romero said. “Some people make their own little cliques and get gangs going.” The charges against the four suspects carry the death penalty or life in prison without parole. Investigators have not reported in their public statements a motive for the crimes. Romero said Luzon frequently got into fights. “Oh yeah,” Romero said. “It was anytime someone tried to disrespect him. He always felt like he had something to prove. It’s kind of like an insecure, thing. It seemed likely that it was heading in that direction. He’s impulsive; he doesn’t think straight.” Hamori-Andrade’s body was discovered by the Los Angeles County
Joshua Romero long time friend of the fugitive murder suspect, Matthew Luzon, is being interviewed in the Clarion newsroom on June 5.
Sheriff on a hillside of Azusa Canyon at 5:55 p.m. May 30 Campus Safety confirmed a sheriff’s helicopter circling over the Citrus College campus 3 p.m. May 29, searched the San Gabriel Forest for the missing body of Hamori-Andrade. Citrus College Campus Safety Chief Officer Todd Dickson said the sheriff’s helicopter over campus was unrelated to the strong-arm robbery that occurred on campus about two hours earlier that same day. Amigon’s public Facebook pro-
file photo displays him with a glass bong and flipping off the camera. Other photos show the 19-year-old holding up gang related hand signs including one associated with the Crips gang. Amignon’s Facebook friends list another suspect, Jacob Elmendorf, 19 years old, and resident of La Verne. Hercules Balaskas, 19-yearold resident of Glendora, was the fourth suspect charged by the district attorney’s office. Balaskas is accused in the complaint of using a metal chair as a deadly weapon.
Schrader’s statement said the victim may have been alive when he was driven up San Gabriel Canyon Road “where his body was thrown over the side of the road.” In the statement, Schrader thanked a witness who called the police after noticing the suspect’s vehicle in Azusa Canyon. “This case remains a very active investigation no further information is available for release at this time,” Schrader said in the statement posted on the L.A. County Sheriff’s website.
James Duffy Clarion
Romero said he doesn’t feel bad for his friend Luzon, who is a fugitive. “It just sucks because he was a cool guy,” Romero said. “He was goofy. He had a sense of humor.” Los Angeles County Deputy Public Defender Roger Whitenhall is currently assigned to the case. He could not be reached for comment. Amigon, Balaskas and Elmendorf are scheduled to be arraigned on June 6 in Department N of the Los Angeles County Superior Court, Pomona Branch.
PAGE 8
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 9
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
Congratulations, graduates, spring class of 2018 Aamodt, Elisabeth Leigh Acevedo, Nathan Anthony Acosta, Andrew Robert Adams, James M Addington, Patricia Rae Aguilera, Gabriela Aguiluz Carpano, Leslie M Alan, Caroline Nicole Alcala, Crystal Lynn Alejo, Louisa Adrienne L Aleman, Monica Caroline Allen, Tyler William Almaraz, Samantha Pauline Almeda, Samantha Rose Almutairi, Shroug Alvarez, Victoria Skye Amalfitano, Adrian Ammann, Andrew David Arai, Yuki Arebalo Ortiz, Claudia Arevalo, Emelyn Arevalos, Christopher Ruben Arnold, Karley E Astavakra, Utsav Raj Asuncion, Sasha Blanche Atienzo, Alicia Avalos JR, Alex J Avila, Andrew Robert Awad, Diana Salma Banfield, Sienna Renae Banuelos, Rosie Melisa Barela, Nicole Cristine Barragan, Lisbeth Mora Bashoura, Albert Beaird, Amber Nicole Becker, Branson James Beltran, Michelle Benavides, Kristhian Domingo Bernabe, Albert Corpuz Bettner, Mikayla Faith Bickett, Harvey Sterling Blanco, Rebecca Ann Borja, Shaila Jazmin Brito, Gisselle Alexandra Brunn, John Nathanael Bruno, Lauren Milan Bryant, Michelle Renee Bueno-Garcia, Jarely Burgess, Eric Wayne Bustos-Blunk, Christina C Buyser, Gemma Grace De La Cruz Camacho, Gloria E Cardoza, Maritza Carmody, Jessica Nicole Carranza, Ariana Alexis Carrillo, Priscilla Stacy Carter, James Thomas Carter, Ronnie Jeremiah Castellanos, Shane Castillo, Steven Castillo, Valeria Maribel Castillo, Xavier Castro, Larissa Annis Castro, Rachel Rockett Cawili, Rea-Lianne Carbonell Ceja, Eddie Cendejas, Veronica Diaz Cervantes, Anthony Charles Chacon, Alejandra Chalfant, Hope Elizabeth Challis, Dylan Frankie Chavarria, Hannah Jordan Chavers, Lauren Rene Chavez, Brenda Elizabeth Chavez, Rose E Chavez-Delgado, Marisol Chua, Chrystal Marie Cisnero, Estephanie Clarke, Austin Nicholas Collins-Rivera, Blair Cathleen Conchas, Vanessa Cordero, Mary Elizabeth Cordon, Aliss Courseault, Aaron Bradley Craig, Madison Michelle Crawford, Miles Avery Crespo, Tia Marie Cristler-Hermosillo, Emily Ann Cruz, Christian Roque Cruz, Ramon Emiliano Cuellar, Daniel Andres Cummins, Zaina A. Cun, Jason Vinh Curran, David Nathan Custodio, Marian Sioson Davis, Alexander K Davoodi, Reza De La Hoya Jr, Joel De La Torre, Omar Dela Rosa, Benedict James C Dela Rosa, Ivan Amancio Delgadillo, Sarah Paula Delgado, Annie DeSimone, Sarah Danielle DeSimone, Victoria Marie Diaz, Alexandria Diaz, Laura Patricia Diaz, Matthew Jordan Didonato, Neusa Anne Dimas, David Cesar Dolan, Shannon David Dominguez, Brianna Alexis Dominguez, Monique Isabel Dominguez, Yesenia Dubrowa, Dana Jean Duffy, Kathryn Beth Durade, Jordyn McKenna Duran, April Durazo, Jessica Erin Duvall, Amanda Kate Eason, Vivian Secret Elwell, Paige Madison Em, Peyrun L Enoch, Melissa Sue Enriquez, Alyxandria H Estrada Ortiz, Sydney Guadalupe Estrada, Alexis Carlos Estrada, Kimberly Gomez Fajardo, Elizabeth Dianne Fakhoury, Haya Ramzy Falcon, Steven Ray Farley, Kevin Todd Farris, Lindsey Shaye Fernandez, Aleksy Preciado Figueroa, Haydee Melissa Fisher, Ross Vaughn
Flores, Abigail Torres Flores, Crystal Flores, Francisca Maria Flores, Iris Diana Flores, Lauren Alexis Flores, Omar Fragoso, Jose Favian Franco Jasso, Evelia S Frausto, Cynthia Lorraine Fuentes, Donovan Furey, Stacy Gaitan, Jamie Melissa Gallardo, Anthony F Gallardo, Miguel Angel Galvez, Justine Gamboa, Jonathan Ganser, Ross K Gao, Duo Garcia, Ashley Garcia, Cheyenne Monique Garcia, Destiny Garcia, Eric Nathan Garcia, Guadalupe Garcia, Joanna Garcia, Marianna Jazmin Garcia, Monica Judith Garcia, Natalie Garcia, Rocio Ariana Garcia, Sheila Dayana Garcia, Sheryl Ivonne Garcia, Vanessa Garcia-Garibaldi, Kimberly Gardea, Alexis Emily Marina Gardea, Sabrina Cassandra Geiser, Lisa Marie Ghareeb, Christopher Jordan Gilham, Jaqueline Gomez, Angela Melissa Gomez, Sir Jordan Gomez, Vanessa Gonzales, Lawrence Aaron Gonzalez, Daniel Raul Gonzalez, Raelene Ashley Gonzalez, Vincent Goodrich, Grace Evelyn Graciano, Alondra Yamilex Gray, Kyle Joe Kasey Griffin, Hannah Mae Guan, Qijun Guandique, Alan Alfonso Guerrero Jr, John Albert Guo, Lingjun Gutierrez, Alexis Daisy Gutierrez, Karina M Gutierrez, Saxon Arminique Gutierrez, Sergio Guzman, Ashley Xiomara Hall, Ellen Ann Haro, Ivonne Hartage, Kanani Tseeli Hartford, DeAna Christine Hermosillo, Evelyn Hernandez Jr, Elias Juan Hernandez Meza, Kensy Paola Hernandez, Alberto Hernandez, Carlos Alessandro Hernandez, Denise Hernandez, Denise Hernandez, Frida Hernandez, Jocelyn Karina Hernãndez, Nicole Hernandez, Sarah Elizabeth Hernandez, Yvette Audrina Hernandez-Andrade, Amber Hew, Gio-Vanni Akeem Hidalgo, Jacqueline Anais Higashiyama, Jackie K Hinnenkamp, Vanessa Gisselle Hokanson, Scott Andrew Huang, Yiwei Ibarra, Hector Misael Itosu, Asami Izumi, Nana Jackson, Aryn Laroi Jacobs Jr., Chris William Jensen, Andrew Timothy Jimenez Ung, Shawntal Jimenez, Jaslynn Johari, Darius J Johnson Jr, George Robert Jones, Donovan D Jones, Michael Anthony Jones, Torray Elmora Juarez, Alex Javier Jung, Bryant Kimbo Kantarji, Joelle Kapoor, Arti Krishna Karim, Waleed Keehn, Samantha Alexis Kellas, Jacob Wayne Kellas, Joshua Forrest Kennedy, Ronald Warren Keorhagian, Anait Kerber, Tori Austin Khanchalian, David William Kivlen, Andrew Patrick Krueger, Amanda Lorene Kruger, Logan Drew Ku, Jimmy Allen Ku, Matthew K Kuhlman, Rebecca Ashley Kuroda, Moe Lacson, Johnmarie Permejo Lam, Emily Aloyse Lancaster, Alyssa Noel Lara Jr., Michael Angel Larrabee, Christopher Vance Larrabee, Cory Allen Larson, Tayler Roxanne Leschper, Tatiana Rose Lewallen, Nicole Ann Leyva, Elizabeth Li, Changjian Li, Leland Li, Menglin Li, Xinzi Li, Yumeng Li, Zibin Liang, Zhangcheng Limon, Derek Liu, Yanxun Lizama, Maria Guadalupe Loaiza, Lilliane Lok, Kit Ching Lomeli, Raquel M. Lopes, Lucas Vieira
Lopez, Amaris Ivonne Lopez, Angelique Marie Lopez, Garrett Steven Lopez, Giselle Lopez, Jorge Luis Lopez, Kassandra Lopez, Lizeth Lopez, Maritsa A. Lopez, Myriam P. Lopez, Nataly Lopez, Sharon Geneviene Lopez-Cano, Jessica Lorenzana, Christian Xavier Luis, Raquel Luna, Matthew Paul Luna, Veronica Lunghard, Christopher John Lunghard, Lianne Kathleen Lyngle, Charley Michelle Ma, Fuyi Macapagal, Christin Mach, Vianna Macias, Alexandra Cheyenne Macias, Michael Andrew Maciel, Adrian Miguel Maciel, Gabriela Diane Maciel, Jasmine Angelica Madrigal, Vivianna Lizette Magallanes, Monique Amelia Magana, Mary Stephanie Magat, Paula Marie Magdaleno, Kelli Lynne Maier, Deanna Leal Majerczak, Dorothy Catalina Maksutapal, Scott Douglas Maldonado, Roland Formanes Mancilla, Ruth Concepcion Mancillas, Suzie Mares, Grecel Garcia Marquez, Samantha Christine Marquez-Castro, Hope Velinda Martell, Oscar Alejandro Martin, Brandon Lawrence Martin, Sabrina Bashall Martinez Rodriguez, Maria D. Martinez, Alexandra Martinez, Desiree Emily Martinez, Francisca Covarrubias Martinez, Gabriella Martinez, Giovanni Xavier Martinez, Goretti Martinez, Katherine Rubi Martinez, Liliana Martinez, Mariel Martinez, Nicholas Ryan Martinez, Poliana Teresa Martinez, Rocio Daniela Martinez, Vanessa Yvette Matthews, Kayla Cheyenne McCloud, Kaytlin Marie McCoskey, Tiffani Noelani McSweeney, Cortney Ann Medina, Anastasia Getty Medina, Erendira Medina, Johanna Patricia Medrano, Francisco Javier Melara, Stephanie Diane Mendoza, Juan Carlos Mendoza, Larry Menefee-Libey, Isaac John Meza Gonzalez, Martin Miller, Ashley Nicole Mitchell, Lindsay Anne Molina, Salvador Mondragon, Stefanie Montanez, Carole Alicia Montesanti, Kyle Anthony Montoya, Ashley Rose Montoya, Owen Vicente Montoya, Samantha Dianna Morales Rosario, Krystal Rochelle Morales, Alexandria Catherine Morales, Jessica Renee Morales, Lucero Morales-Ardon, Sury A. Moreno, Andrea Renee Moreno, Brianna Alexandra Moreno, Devanee V. Morgan, Jonathan David Morrone, Mario Enrique Mukul, Karen Michelle Muñoz, Diana Francisca Munoz, Elsa Muñoz, Rojelio Munoz, Tomoko Nahum Murillo, Gloria June Murphy, Matthew James Nagy, Kyle Daniel Najar, Elizabeth Najjar, Randah B. Navalta, Alijah Christan Sadia Nazarowski III, Joseph Alan Neville, Sadie Ray Nguyen, Aimee Lien Nguyen, Paul Duy Nguyen, Roger Minh Nieves Beltran, Audrey Noemi Nishida, Arisa Nishimura, Brent Masami Noor Jr., Eli Noriega, Nancy Nourak, Seda Noyola Villegas, Marlen Nunez, Andrea Karina Ocampo, Ruth Y. Ochoa, Jennifer Ohno, Kyoka Oleson, Hailee Kristine Oley, Lauren Elizabeth Olivas, Macy Michele Orantes Jr., Michael Joseph Orellana, Shayenne Alexis Orona, Justin Anthony Orozco, Anthony Tomas Orozco, Hector Jr Orr, Valerie Marie Ortiz, Neysa Lucia Ortiz, Valerie Rose Pages, William Paniagua, Veronica Lina Parchment, Jason Tyler Pascual Solis, Ma Del Carmen Patterson, Allyson Kathleen Pavlik, Mary Joanna Paz, Karla Marisel Pelayo, Lucas Jose
Valdivia, Lizbeth Marlene Colin, Julia Nadine Pelayo, Yalitcia Noemi Valenzuela, Fernando Comia, Shaira Perez, Alyna Celeste Valenzuela, Merissa Renee Conchas, Vanessa Perez, Christopher A. Vallejo, Anthony Lenerd Courseault, Aaron Bradley Perez, Jocelyn Isabel Vallejo, Melissa Marie Craig, Madison Michelle Perez, Kapio Lanie Van Raalten, Vivian Mitsuko Crespo, Tia Marie Phares, Darleen Lorraine Van Steenwyk Hadloc, Yvette Berjette Cristler-Hermosillo, Emily Ann Phung, Oanh Vanegas-Jacobo, Joanna Cruz, Francesca May Pimentel, Brianna Sofia Vargas, Alejandra Cruz, Ramon Emiliano Pinto, Sabreena Lynmarie Vasquez, April Lauren Cuellar, Daniel Andres Piszkiewicz, Bradley Stephen Vasquez, Kyle Evan Cummins, Ethan Charles Polo, Cristian Anthony Vazques, Ricardo A Cummins, Zaina A. Polson, Katie Renee Velasco Medina, Diana Laura Dale, Savannah Nicole Portillo, Luis A. Velasco, Kimberly Davis, Arleigh Gabrielle Preciado, Suejey Velasquez, Omar Eduardo De Avila, Mykenna Rylee Price, Charlon Vergon, Celia Kristen De La Cruz, Brittany Leanne Puyolt, Antoniette Victoria, Loren Taylor Delaware, Robert Lino Qi, Chunmei Victoria, Richard Rivera Delgadillo, Sarah Paula Quinones, Monica Jayne Victoriano-Sanchez, Jacqueline Diaz Lopez, Jacqueline Quintana, Bryce Oryan Vidal Benitez, Roberto Ernesto Diaz, Chellsea Diana Quintana, Christopher Michael Villa, Raelene Destiny Diaz, Laura Patricia Quintana, Gilbert Villalpando, Julia Jessica Diaz, Matthew Jordan Ramirez, Emma Sue Villamor, Kyle Matthew Layco Diaz, Skyler Evan Ramirez, Ruben Felix Villanueva, Ivan Dimas, David Cesar Ramirez-Arvizu, Rodrigo Villareal, Carlos Ronti Villareal Dineros, Veronica Rose Ramos, Alec Reyes Virgen, Gabriela Dolan, Shannon David Ramos, Karla Coral Vitiello, Frank Joseph Dominguez, Brianna Alexis Ramos-Arellano, Yazmin Vivas, Sally Doreen Dominguez, Destiny Summer Rascon, Daniel Aron Vu, An Khang Duc Dominguez, Monique Isabel Rathod, Jasmine Walker, Megan Elizabeth Dominique Donald, Melia Alise Regan, Rylee Rene Wallace, Matthew Caleb Duran, April Reilly, Austin Mel Walling, Victoria Duvall, Amanda Kate Renteria, Elizabeth Denise Wang, Hong Yu Elliott, Kevin Jon Revolorio, Christian Wang, Jiayi Elwell, Paige Madison Reyes, Jiselle Breana Wang, Yunting Erving, Jonathan Keith Rice, Natasha A. Washington, Christopher Boyd Esparza, Brittney (Todd) Richardson, Tishawna Marie Weiner, Stephanie Alisha Estabillo, Cedrick Rios, Jessica Marie West, Whitney Estrada Ortiz, Sydney Guadalupe Rios, Kelly Marie White, Melanie Rose Estrada, Alexis Carlos Rios, Krystal Alexis Widman, Austin D Estrada, Leticia Danielle Ripoly, Nancy Quines Williams, Jessica Nicole Fabela, Kurtis Glenn Rivera, Francisca Williamson, Chloe Lynne Fajardo, Elizabeth Dianne Roberts, Kevin Andrew Wills, Cerise Marie Fakhoury, Haya Ramzy Robledo, Tiffany Nicole Wilson, Kaitlin Elizabeth Figueroa, Haydee Melissa Robles, Stephanie Aminta Winberg, Thomas Lee Monroe Flores, Abigail Torres Rodarte, Alejandra Flores, Francisca Maria Rodriguez, Julianne Naomi Elizabeth Witrago, Joseph Alexander Woods, Loramae Renae Fragoso, Jose Favian Rodriguez, Nicolasa Marie Wu, Ai Ling Franco Jasso, Evelia S Rodriguez, Randy Lee Xiao, Zilin Furey, Stacy Rodriguez, Valerie Marie Xu, Kaiyang Gaitan, Jamie Melissa Rojas, Martin Alexander Yang, Crystal Galvez, Justine Roman, Divina Angelica Yu, Kenny Y Gamber, Lyndsay Brianna Quinn Romero, Araselly Jasmine Zarate, Janeth Gamboa, Jonathan Romero, Joshua Ryan Zarate, Sandra Francis Gao, Wei Romero, Linda Zavala, Taylor Alyssa Garcia, Cheyenne Monique Romo, Antonio Zhang, Xiangguang Garcia, Destiny Romo, Denise S. Zhang, Zhixin Garcia, Guadalupe Romo, Johanna Sophia Ziska, Alexios Garcia, Jennifer Rosales, David Garcia, Joanna Rosales, Marie Khristine Angeli Tan Aamodt, Elisabeth Leigh Acevedo, Nathan Anthony Garcia, Jorge Roseren, Vanessa Ann Acquazzino, Michael Anthony Garcia, Monica Judith Rubio, Priscilla Marie Adame, Aurelia Marily Garcia, Vanessa Rueda II, Sergio Ricardo Adame, Erika Jasmin Garcia-Valdes, Brandi Marie Ruiz, Amanda Adams, Erik Walter Gardea, Alexis Emily Marina Ruiz, CJ Jasmine Aguiluz Carpano, Leslie M Gardea, Sabrina Cassandra Ruiz, Vanessa Alabsi, Kareem R Ghareeb, Christopher Jordan Rush, Tara Analise Alan, Caroline Nicole Giambalvo, Jacquelyn Nicole Sainz, Jessica Alarcon, Adrian Gilham, Jaqueline Sakuma, Ashley Emiko Alcala, Crystal Lynn Gomez, Angela Melissa Salazar, Esmeralda Almaraz, Samantha Pauline Gõmez-Najera, Karina Michelle Saldana, Esbeyde Almarza, Irwin Antonio Gonzales, Raelene Marie Salinas, Jacob Alexander Alvarez, Victoria Skye Gonzalez, Daniel Raul Samo, Anthony Ammann, Andrew David Goodrich, Grace Evelyn Sanabria, Brandon Estuardo Arce, Nelvin Gordon, Patricia Jean Sanchez, Brittany Lorraine Arenas, Sandra Brianna Gray, Kyle Joe Kasey Sanchez, Elizabeth Arevalos, Christopher Ruben Gronseth, Dylan George Sanchez, Jessica Valeria Arnold, Karley E GrosJean, Ryan Todd Sanchez, Nancy Arteaga, Ivan Guandique, Alan Alfonso Sandoval, Diana Astavakra, Utsav Raj Guandique, Ricardo J Sandoval, Elizabeth Atienzo, Alicia Guerra, Kameron Amber Sandoval, Tiffany Clarissa Avila, Andrew Robert Guerrero Jr, John Albert Sano, Ayumi Banfield, Sienna Renae Gutierrez, Alexis Daisy Santana, Vanessa Gutierrez, Jason Lee Santelices, Stephanie Bianca BautistaBanuelos, Rosie Melisa Bardonner, Daniel Gutierrez, Marco Antonio Santistevan, Ashlie Sabryna Barela, Nicole Cristine Gutierrez, Maritza Daniela Sarmiento, Lizbeth Barrocas, Chloe Michelle Gutierrez, Ramon Jr Schuyler, Tabitha Brooke Bashoura, Albert Gutierrez, Saxon Arminique Segura, Delia Guzman, Ashley Xiomara Sepulveda-Moya, Alondra Margarita Basical, Janis May Batista, Chelsea Nichole Hall, Ellen Ann Serrano, Amanda Patricia Bautista Vazquez, Maria Guadalupe Haro, Ivonne Servin, Eduardo Bazavilvazo, Cristina Gabrielle Haro, Jessica Karina Sharafat, Syed Ashar Beaird, Amber Nicole Hartage, Kanani Tseeli Shi, Yifan Beas-Sanchez, Amelinda Natalie Haywood, Leslie Sibrian, Alysa Michelle Beltran, Michelle Henderson, Matthew Rene Simmons, Melody Kay Benavides, Andrew Nolan Hernandez Jr, Elias Juan Simpson, Andrew John Berrong-Huber, Ari Ben Hernandez Meza, Kensy Paola Singh, Samantha Blakkan, Kellie Leann Hernandez, Alberto Singleton, Destiney Mora Bokor, Sean Tristan Hernandez, Carlos Alessandro Singraksatrakul, Jakkraphan Borja, Shaila Jazmin Hernandez, Denise Singraksatrakul, Jakkraphat Boyd, Alexis Mane Hernandez, Denise Sirena Aquino, Diana Carolina Brewster, Nicholas Jordan Hernandez, Jocelyn Karina Skokos, Kristyn Nichole Broadway, Mercedes Joi Hernandez, Judi Lynn Nicole Smith, Jasmine Lauren Brubaker, Sarah Lynn Hernandez, Regina Rayne Sobbi, Nasim Brunn, John Nathanael Hernandez, Richard J Song, Christina M Bruno, Lauren Milan Hernandez, Samuel I Soria, Irwin James Calderon, Valerie Renee Hernandez, Sarah Elizabeth Soto, Jasmine Victoria Caldwell, Christy Elizabeth Hernandez, Stephen Nathaniel Soto, Juan Alberto Calvin, Jylan Zaire Herrera, Salina Monique Stagner, Paris McKalyn Camacho, Gloria E Hill, Allison Nicole Stirrett, Madison Mackenzie Campos, Emely Hinnenkamp, Vanessa Gisselle Storlie, Greta Jean Cano, Jennifer Hughes, Meghan Mary Stretch, Meghan Marie Caraway, Stephen Michael Ibarra, Hector Misael Su, Yuchen Carbajal, Brian Carlos Jackson, Aryn Laroi Summers, Sabrina Louise Card, Megan Leigh Jackson, Ellana Estela Sun, Ao Cardoza, Maritza Jacobs Jr., Chris William Tadjiki, Fatemeh Carrillo, Mikayla Monique Jiang, Sabrina Xinyi Talavera, James Manuel Carrillo, Priscilla Stacy Jimenez Ung, Shawntal Tereszczuk, Catherine Raquel Carter, James Thomas Jimenez, Natalie Mayeli Terreros, Alyssa Jannel Carter, Ronnie Jeremiah Johari, Darius J Thompson, Emily Rose Casillas, Richard Christopher Thornton, Gwendolyn Camille Jones, Torray Elmora Castellanos, Shane Tinajero, Aleena Monique Juarez, Jairo Alejandro Castillo, Andrea Renay Tinker, Sarah Elizabeth Jung, Bryant Kimbo Castillo, Steven Tito, Samuel Easton Kakish, Suha Issa Castillo-Gonzalez, Ciara Lyn Topp, Raquel Ranee Kasnetsis, Marissa Lisette Castro, Larissa Annis Torres Silva, Nidia Lizeth Keehn, Samantha Alexis Ceja, Eddie Torres, B. Jordan Kerber, Tori Austin Cendejas, Angela Maria Torres, Jessenia Carina Khan, Afsah Cendejas, Veronica Diaz Torres, Krystal Zena Kim, Eunchong Chacon, Alejandra Traub, David Louis Kim, Michelle Chacon, Alyssa Nadine Trejo, Rachelle Annette Kirkham, Daniel Steven Chang, Tiffany Trillo, Jonelle Devonne Kuhlman, Rebecca Ashley Chavarria, Hannah Jordan Trujillo, Brendon Alexander Lacson, Johnmarie Permejo Chavez-Delgado, Marisol Tucker, Marina Santos Lam, Emily Aloyse Chavira, Rosanna Tuyin, Lyrissa Nicole Larrabee, Cory Allen Chavous, Rachel D Urenia, Joanna Lilibeth Leal, John Ricardo Claustro, Jonathan Uribe, Tatiana Jade Lee, Chanyoung
Lee, Stephen Leguizamo, Alicia Lewis, Madeleine Marie Leyba, Devin Johnene Li, Alwin LiFoSjoe, Jessica Joan Litiatco, Jonathan Paolo Livesay, Jacob P. Llanas, Michelle Sky Lomeli, Alexander Andre Lomeli, Raquel M. Lopez, Giselle Lopez, Jennalyn Raquel Mercado Lopez, Lizeth Lopez, Nataly Lopez, Sharon Geneviene Lopez-Cano, Jessica Luna, Matthew Paul Lyngle, Charley Michelle Macias, Alexandra Cheyenne Macias, Michael Andrew Madrigal, Vivianna Lizette Magallanes, Monique Amelia Majerczak, Dorothy Catalina Mancillas, Suzie Marquez-Castro, Hope Velinda Martinez Rodriguez, Maria D. Martinez, Brianna Nichole Martinez, Desiree Emily Martinez, Giovanni Xavier Martinez, Goretti Martinez, Katherine Rubi Martinez, Mariel Martinez, Nicholas Ryan Martinez, Poliana Teresa Martinez, Vanessa Yvette McCloud, Kaytlin Marie McConnell, Matthew Robert McSweeney, Cortney Ann Medina, Anastasia Getty Medina, Erendira Medina, Johanna Patricia Melara, Stephanie Diane Mendez, Nancy Meza Gonzalez, Martin Miller, Ashley Nicole Miravet, Jacob Mitchell, Lindsay Anne Montoya, Daniel Arthur Morales Rosario, Krystal Rochelle Moreno, Andrea Renee Moreno, Brianna Alexandra Motearefi, Hamid Manuel Mukul, Karen Michelle Muñoz, Diana Francisca Muñoz, Rojelio Najar, Elizabeth Navarro, Daniela Nazarowski III, Joseph Alan Necesito, Ian Cedrick Ubarro Nguyen, Aimee Lien Nishida, Arisa Noriega, Nancy Noyola Villegas, Marlen Nunez, Andrea Karina Ochoa, Jennifer October, Maddison Rose Ohno, Kyoka Oleson, Hailee Kristine Olivas, Macy Michele Ornelas, Celina Ynez Orona, Justin Anthony Orozco, Anthony Tomas Ortiz, Neysa Lucia Ortiz, Valerie Rose Osornio, Omar Gianni Parchment, Jason Tyler Parducho, Nico Gransen Patel, Dijen N. Patton, Marissa Jordan Paz, Karla Marisel Pelayo, Lucas Jose Perez, Christina Maree Perez, Christopher A. Perez, Dominique Tess Perez, Jocelyn Isabel Perez, Kapio Lanie Peters II, Frank E Peterson, Jennifer Nicole Phares, Darleen Lorraine Pimentel, Brianna Sofia Pinto, Sabreena Lynmarie Plum, Alisha Lucille Polson, Katie Renee Pon, Alma Noemi Puyolt, Antoniette Querin, Laura Elizabeth Quinones, Monica Jayne Quintana, Angel Manuel Quintero, Michael Ramirez, Emma Sue Ramirez, Miranda Ramirez, Nicholas Julian Ramirez, Philip Andrew Ramirez, Ruben Felix Ramirez-Arvizu, Rodrigo Ramos, Anabel Rascon, Daniel Aron Regan, Rylee Rene Reilly, Austin Mel Renteria, Elizabeth Denise Reyes, Jiselle Breana Reyes, Joseph C. Reyes, Marissa Nicole Reynoso, Elizabeth Martha Rice, Natasha A. Richardson, Tishawna Marie Riggs, Providence Janelle Rios, Jessica Marie Rios, Krystal Alexis Ripoly, Nancy Quines Roberts, Kevin Andrew Robledo, Tiffany Nicole Robles, Stephanie Aminta Rodrigues, Ian Nicholas Rodriguez Castorena, Cristina E. Rodriguez, Alyssa Diana Rodriguez, Brenda Erlene Rodriguez, Julianna Kristen Rodriguez, Julianne Naomi Elizabeth Rodriguez, Nicolasa Marie Rodriguez-Alvarez, Estefania Rojas, Martin Alexander Roman, Alyssa Deanne
Romero, Araselly Jasmine Romo, Denise S. Romo, Johanna Sophia Rosales, David Roseren, Vanessa Ann Rubio, Priscilla Marie Ruedi, Kennedy Anne Ruiz, Amanda Ruiz, Naomi Ann Ruiz, Vanessa Rush, Tara Analise Sainz, Jessica Sakuma, Ashley Emiko Salas, Jesse Salvador Salazar, Esmeralda Sales, Sarah Marie Salguero, Isaiah George Salinas, Jacob Alexander Sanchez, Elizabeth Sanchez, Nancy Sandoval Cuevas, Maira Vanessa Sandoval, Diana Sandoval, Tiffany Clarissa Santana, Vanessa Santano, Elyssa Celine Santos, Adrian Sarmiento, Lizbeth Segura, Delia Segura, Karla Selina Segura, Rachel Senneff, Ryan Everett Serrano, Justin Seth Servin, Eduardo Sibrian, Alysa Michelle Singh, Samantha Singleton, Destiney Mora Singraksatrakul, Jakkraphan Singraksatrakul, Jakkraphat Situ, Daly Slater, Rieley Janelle Sobbi, Nasim Soto, Jasmine Victoria Soto, Juan Alberto Spata, Nicole Whitney Spears, Raychelle Shree-Ashley Stagner, Paris McKalyn Still, Matthew Alexander Stirrett, Madison Mackenzie Storlie, Greta Jean Stretch, Meghan Marie Summers, Sabrina Louise Talavera, James Manuel Tang, Lisa Terreros, Alyssa Jannel Thompson, Emily Rose Thompson, Ryan Tinajero, Aleena Monique Tokuue, Kayo Torres, B. Jordan Torres, Jessenia Carina Traub, David Louis Triay, Hailey Marie Trujillo, Brendon Alexander Tucker, Marina Santos Uchizono, Joshua Keiji Urenia, Joanna Lilibeth Uribe, Tatiana Jade Valenzuela, Bianca Sayuri Valenzuela, Fernando Vallin, Vanessa Yasmine Vanegas-Jacobo, Joanna Vasquez, Natalie Velasco Medina, Diana Laura Velasco, Kimberly Velazquez, Elisa Marie Vergon, Celia Kristen Victoria, Loren Taylor Victoriano-Sanchez, Jacqueline Villa, Raelene Destiny Villalpando, Julia Jessica Villalpando, Mathew Brian Villareal, Carlos Ronti Villareal Villegas, Melissa Viray, Frederick Edmund Waddington, Watts Wagner, Shelby Elizabeth Washington, Christopher Boyd Weiner, Stephanie Alisha West, Whitney Wester, Jalisa Elaine Widman, Austin D Williams, Jessica Nicole Williamson, Chloe Lynne Winberg, Thomas Lee Monroe Witrago, Joseph Alexander Woods, Loramae Renae Yang, Crystal Yaxley, Kayleigh Nicole Yoon, Austin P Yu, Susan S Zarate, Janeth Zavala, Taylor Alyssa Zuberi, Sarosh Hasan Abdulrazaq, Abdalla Faris Acosta, Andrew Robert Acuna-Iniguez, Arabel Veronica Adams, Harley Livingston Adams, James M Addington, Patricia Rae Aguilar, Ignacio Villa Aguilar, Jorge Aguilera, Gabriela Aguilera, Manuel Ahumada, Teresa Akeh, Noel Alambra, Mary Rose Aquino Alarcio, Myrchalyn Dumaya Alejo, Louisa Adrienne L Almeda, Samantha Rose Almejo-Cosko, Charles Albert Amarragy, Ahmed Amidan, Haley Larae Andrade, Adrianna Raylene Apriani, Christina Aquino Jr., Juan Manuel Aragon, Sandra Alison Arce, Nelvin Armenta, Robert Ashok, Meena Astavakra, Utsav Raj Asuncion, Sasha Blanche Atienzo, Alicia Awad, Diana Salma Bailey, Quintin Jon Banzuela, Ana Daniela Bunag Barela, Nicole Cristine Barnes, Samuel Jacob Barrera, Brenda Marie Batista, Chelsea Nichole Becker, Branson James Bernabe, Albert Corpuz
Blanco, Rebecca Ann Bohler, Allison Jane Bonner, Sabrina V. Bowlay-Williams, Kyle Brady, Shannon Brito, Diego Enrique Brower, Lindsey K. Bryant, Michelle Renee Burgess, Eric Wayne Buyser, Gemma Grace De La Cruz Cabana, Kirk Evan Camacho, Gloria E Cano, Jennifer Canzano, Briana Adaire Capul, Christina D Carasik, Kurtis Ryan Cardenas, Adrian R Cardona, Luke Ian Carmody, Jessica Nicole Carney, Lawon Darion Carrillo Espinoza, Wendy Veronica Carter, James Thomas Carter, Ronnie Jeremiah Castaneda, Lilah Castaneda, Marco Antonio Castaneda, Miguel Castillo, Steven Castillo, Valeria Maribel Castleberry, Shannon Lee Castro, Rachel Rockett Ceragioli, Rebecca Anne Cervantes, Anthony Charles Chamberlain, Jeffrey Brian Chang, Meihao Chavers, Lauren Rene Chavez-Delgado, Marisol Chen Tilakamonkul, Wendy C. Chua, Chrystal Marie Chung, Cressina Dawn Cisnero, Estephanie Cohen, Hannah Marie Conrado, James Stephen Cordero, Jessica Renee Cordero, Mary Elizabeth Courseault, Aaron Bradley Crawford, Leyla Nicole Cruz, Christian Roque Cruz, Ramon Emiliano Cummings Jr., John Galdino Custodio, Marian Sioson Daniel, Scott Alan Davis, Alexander K Del Rio, Bruce Lee Del Rio, Jorgeluis Venegas Dela Rosa, Benedict James C Delgadillo, Sarah Paula Delgado, Annie Denoyer, Aaron Scott DeSimone, Sarah Danielle DeSimone, Victoria Marie Diaz Lopez, Jacqueline Diaz, Alexandria Diaz, Matthew Jordan Didonato, Neusa Anne Djeu, Lucas Dodd, Steven Lee Doerr, Rachel Alesandra Dominguez, Brianna Alexis Dominguez, Yesenia Donovan, Zachary Erich Duffy, Kathryn Beth Durade, Jordyn McKenna Duran, April Durham, Joshua Charles Duvall, Amanda Kate Dworak, Brianna Marie Enoch, Melissa Sue Enriquez, Alyxandria H Enriquez, Princess Ariza Bernarte Escamilla, Daniel Anthony Escobedo, Daniel Esparza, Angel Espinoza, Kaitlyn Ashley Estrada, Kimberly Gomez Faatiliga, Tyrique Kuofan Fajardo, Kevin Ivan Falcõn, Brianna Nicole Fernandez, Aleksy Preciado Fisher, Ross Vaughn Flores, Cesar A Flores, Iris Diana Flores, Lauren Alexis Flores, Sergio Nicholas Fragoso, Jose Favian Frausto, Cynthia Lorraine Fregoso, Sonya Simone Fuentes, Donovan Galarza-Lopez, Sherry Gallardo, Anthony F Gallardo, Miguel Angel Gallegos, Alejandra Galvan, Jorge Felix Gamboa, Jonathan Ganser, Ross K Garcia, Ashley Garcia, Judy Garcia, Rocio Ariana Garcia, Sheila Dayana Garcia, Sheryl Ivonne Garcia-Garibaldi, Kimberly Garcia-Rodriguez, Monica Gardia, Veronica Annmarie Garza, Betty Gaspar, Antonio Geiser, Lisa Marie Gilham, Jaqueline Giron Perdomo, Emely Alessandra Giron, Brandon Godinez, David Gohl, Steve Keith Gomez, Andrew Matthew Gomez, Vanessa Gonzales, Gabriel Lee Gonzales, Lawrence Aaron Gonzalez, Alejandro Daniel Gonzalez, Armando Javier Gonzalez, Raelene Ashley Gonzalez, Vincent Gonzalez, Vivian Yvonne Granneman, Brandon Nicholas Gray, Kyle Joe Kasey Grijalva, Gilbert Guan, Qijun Guerrero Jr, John Albert Guo, Lingjun Gusman, Jessica Lara Gutierrez, Gilbert Gutierrez, Karina M Gutierrez, Kevin Andrew Gutierrez, Maritza Daniela Gutierrez, Sergio
Guzman, Adrian Joseph Hall, Anthony Kent Hamadani, Danielle Hames, Amy Monica Hames, Jessica Nour Hancock, Elden Joshua Hand, Michael David Haro, Jessica Karina Henry, Katherine Jane Hermosillo, Evelyn Hernandez Nunez, Sonia P. Hernandez, Fabiola Hernandez, Frida Hernandez, Klara Hernandez, Lizeth Hernandez, Stephen Nathaniel Hernandez, Susana Jazmin Hernandez, Yvette Audrina Hernandez-Andrade, Amber Hickman, Travon Anthony Hidalgo, Bianca Denise Miso Hidalgo, Jacqueline Anais Hillegaart, Tiffany M Hokanson, Scott Andrew Horsley, Jonathan James Houck, Kyle R Hoyos, Michael Anthony Huang, Christine Huang, Shukang Hui, Sin Man Hunt, Britney Chairmain Iheaso, Leslie Adanna Intravaia, Nikki D Jaimes, Jose Guadalupe Jimenez, Blanca Estela Jimenez, Jaslynn Johari, Darius J Johnson Jr, George Robert Johnson, Dominique Michelle Johnson, Terrance Larry Marzett Jones, Donovan D Juarez Jr., Gerardo Karim, Waleed Karimi, Payam Kellas, Jacob Wayne Kellas, Joshua Forrest Keorhagian, Anait Kerber, Tori Austin Khanchalian, David William Kikkert, Gwendolyn Rose Killen, Andrew Milton Reid King, Bryan S. Kivlen, Andrew Patrick Krueger, Amanda Lorene Ku, Jimmy Allen Ku, Matthew K Lacson, Johnmarie Permejo Lai, Shiying Lam, Emily Aloyse Lancaster, Alyssa Noel Langrehr, Austin Harrison Lara Jr., Michael Angel Larios, Magali Larrabee, Christopher Vance Leong, Kuan U Lewis, Andrew Christopher Li, Changjian Li, Menglin Li, Yumeng Li, Zibin Liang, Zhangcheng Limon, Derek Liu, Ben Liu, Sihan Lizama, Maria Guadalupe Loaiza, Lilliane Lopez, Adrian Lopez, Amaris Ivonne Lopez, Angelique Marie Lopez, Geovanny Anthony Lopez, Janet Lopez, Jorge Luis Lopez, Kassandra Lopez, Maritsa A. Lopez, Myriam P. Lopez, Samantha Joann Lords, Rebeka Cherise Lorenzana, Christian Xavier Lovato, Karina Elyssa Luis, Raquel Luna, Rhonda Richelle Lunghard, Lianne Kathleen Macaluso, Samuel Austin Macapagal, Christin Mach, Vianna Macias, Alexandra Cheyenne Macias, Michael Andrew Maciel, Adrian Miguel Maciel, Gabriela Diane Maciel, Jasmine Angelica Madrigal, Vivianna Lizette Madueno, Lauren Elise Magana, Mary Stephanie Magat, Paula Marie Maier, Deanna Leal Maksutapal, Scott Douglas Maldonado, Roland Formanes Malinoski, Brooke Nicole Mancillas, Suzie Mares, Grecel Garcia Marin, Daniel Marrufo, Javier Martell, Oscar Alejandro Martin, Brandon Lawrence Martin, Kelly Watts Martinez, Alexandra Martinez, Gabriella Martinez, Giovanni Xavier Martinez, Jeremiah T. Martinez, Rocio Daniela Matthews, Kayla Cheyenne McConnell, Matthew Robert McGinnis, Joshua Dean Medina, Johanna Patricia Medrano, Francisco Javier Mendez, Darlene Cheyanne Menefee-Libey, Isaac John Miramontes-Patron, Valerie Molina, Salvador Mondragon, Stefanie Montanez, Carole Alicia Montesanti, Kyle Anthony Montoya, Ashley Rose Montoya, Owen Vicente Mora, Rudolph “Rudy” Morales, Alexandria Catherine Morales, Kyle Nathaniel Morales-Ardon, Sury A. Moreno, Devanee V. Morgan, Jonathan David Morrone, Mario Enrique
Mota, Nancy Motta, Juan Carlos Munoz, Elsa Najjar, Randah B. Navalta, Alijah Christan Sadia Newton, Brayton Lewis Nguyen, Paul Duy Nikpour, Alireza Nishimura, Brent Masami Nourak, Seda Noyola Villegas, Marlen Nunez, Andrea Karina Ocampo, Ruth Y. Olague, Emma Faye Oley, Lauren Elizabeth Olivier, Hunter Lynn O’Neill III, James Robert Orantes Jr., Michael Joseph Orellana, Shayenne Alexis Orr, Valerie Marie Ortiz, Jasmin Ortiz, Neysa Lucia Ortiz, Orlando Jesus Ortiz, Priscilla Ortiz, Valerie M. Ortiz, Valerie Rose Osterheim, Isabella H. Osuna, Christina Rosina Ott, Randal Eugene Padilla, Eduardo Palma, Crystal Nicole Paniagua, Veronica Lina Paraiso, Jeramil Niko Inocencio Pascual Solis, Ma Del Carmen Pascual, Edwin Alejandro Patterson, Allyson Kathleen Pavlik, Mary Joanna Paz, Alexis Kenneth Paz, Karla Marisel Pelayo, Lucas Jose Pelayo, Yalitcia Noemi Perez, Alyna Celeste Perez, Christina Marete Perez, Teresita D. Phillips, Connor Michael Phillips, Francesca Orona-Mora Phung, Oanh Pizano, Efrain Plancey, Steven Robert Ponce, Violet Ann Portillo, Luis A. Price, Charlon Qi, Chunmei Quinones, Monica Jayne Quintana, Bryce Oryan Ramirez, Emma Sue Ramirez, Michaela Leah Ramos, Alec Reyes Ramos, Daniel Ramos, Karla Coral Ratcliffe, Tremale Edward Rathod, Jasmine Recinto, Isis Erika Mempin Reed, Dana Margaret Reedy, Michael Daniel Reilly, Austin Mel Renteria, Yesenia Revolorio, Christian Rey, Tyler William Reyes, Alex Anthony Reyes, Jose Felix Rios, Kelly Marie Rivera, Ernie Rivera, Francisca Roberts, Kevin Andrew Robinson, Joseph “Max” Rodarte, Alejandra Rodriguez, Alejandro Rodriguez, Brenda Erlene Rodriguez, Erick Noe Rodriguez, Gabriel Ernesto Rodriguez, Randy Lee Rodriguez, Valeska Monique Rodriguez, Vanessa Alexys Roman, Divina Angelica Romanello, Frances Tracy Romero, Brenda Romero, Joshua Ryan Romero, Linda Romo, Antonio Romo, Johanna Sophia Rosales, Marie Khristine Angeli Tan Rose, Marisol Sara Arellano Rothrock, Victoria Ruiz, CJ Jasmine Saavedra, Edwin Saidi, Samuel Kadiebwe Salas, Gerardo Salas, Jesse Salvador Salcedo, Marissa Monique Saldana, Esbeyde Saldivar, Jonathan Michael Salinas, Luis Rey Salmeron, Eduardo Samo, Anthony Sanabria, Brandon Estuardo Sanchez, Anthony Tonaltzin Sanchez, Brittany Lorraine Sanchez, Daniel James Sanchez, Francisca P Sanchez, Jennifer C Sanchez, Mary Catherine Dy Sandoval, Elizabeth Santana, Vanessa Santistevan, Ashlie Sabryna Santos, Abigail Sarmiento, Lizbeth Sarmiento, Sonia Carina Schuyler, Tabitha Brooke Scott, Kristian Dakota Sepulveda-Moya, Alondra Margarita Serio, Valerie Patricia Serrano, Amanda Patricia Shafer, Kristen B Sharafat, Syed Ashar Shi, Yifan Shute, Alec Tyler Sigmon, Keysha Larraine Simmons, Nicole H Simpson, Andrew John Singleton, Destiney Mora Sirena Aquino, Diana Carolina Skokos, Kristyn Nichole Smith, Jeremy M Song, Zhiheng Soria, Irwin James Spata, Nicole Whitney Steppuhn Blomeyer, Romina Soledad
Stoddart, Matthew Lawerence Stretch, Meghan Marie Su, Yuchen Suarez Avila, Yeudi G Summers, Sabrina Louise Sunaij, Emil Hikmat Tadjiki, Fatemeh Talavera, James Manuel Tamayo Moreno, Kelly Tello, Luis Carlos Thai, Alison Thayer Jr, Thomas Michael Thomas, Nathan Terryl Ting, Mike Tinker, Sarah Elizabeth Tito, Samuel Easton Topp, Raquel Ranee Torres Silva, Nidia Lizeth Torres, B. Jordan Torres, Candy Hortencia Torres, Daniel Torres, Victoria Elizabeth Tram, Eva Traub, David Louis Trillo, Jonelle Devonne Trinh, Victoria Trujillo, Brendon Alexander Usuda, Shota Vaca, Sebastian Le Valenzuela, Fernando Vallejo, Anthony Lenerd Van Steenwyk Hadloc, Yvette Berjette Vasquez, Annette Vasquez, April Lauren Vasquez, Kyle Evan Vazques, Ricardo A Vehawn, Jade N Velasco Medina, Diana Laura Velasquez, Omar Eduardo Velazquez, Monica Aileen Vermillion, Ariana Victoria Vicente, Arvin Dancel Victoria, Richard Rivera Villalpando, Mathew Brian Villanueva, Ivan Villareal, Carlos Ronti Villareal Villegas, Leobardo Jr Virgen, Gabriela Vitiello, Frank Joseph Vivas, Sally Doreen Vo, Diemmy Thuy Vu, An Khang Duc Vuong, Albert Walker, Megan Elizabeth Dominique Walling, Victoria Wang, Hong Yu Wang, Jiayi Wang, Ying White, Melanie Rose Wilcox, Ryan Scott Williams, Jessica Nicole Wills, Cerise Marie Wilson, Kaitlin Elizabeth Wolf, Audriana Eehocv Wong, William Fu-ming Oliver Woodard, Alex Makail Worman, Katelyn Marisa Wu, Junyang Wu, Peichen Xiao, Zilin Xu, Hong Xu, Kaiyang Yang, Run Yim, Alyssa Meiko Yu, Kenny Y Zambrano, Jonnie Melinda Zavala, Taylor Alyssa Zhang, Xiangguang Zhao, Ganyu Zigic, Saara Zugasti, Alejandra Adams, Harley Livingston Addington, Patricia Rae Aguilar, Ignacio Villa Aguilar, Jorge Aguilera, Benjamin Edmund Aguirre, Jonathan Ahumada, Teresa Alarcio, Myrchalyn Dumaya Alvarez, Isra Sutawasin Alvarez, Veronica Amarragy, Ahmed Amidan, Haley Larae Andrade, Adrianna Raylene Arauz, Alexander Manuel Ashkar, Anthony Avila Lanche, Mayra Avina Romero, Jacquelin Awad, Diana Salma Barnes, Samuel Jacob Bautista, Kevin Christopher Becker, Branson James Beloud, Ashley Anh Benavides, Andrew Nolan Bernal, Angelica Blancas, Vanessa Alcala Borja, Talia Crystal Bowlay-Williams, Kyle Brito, Diego Enrique Brunn, John Nathanael Burks, James Alexander Cano, Jennifer Canzano, Briana Adaire Carasik, Kurtis Ryan Cardona, Luke Ian Carmody, Jessica Nicole Carney, Lawon Darion Carrillo, Kimberly Carter, James Thomas Castaneda, Marco Antonio Castaneda, Miguel Castillo, Steven Castillo, Valeria Maribel Castillo, Xavier Castleberry, Shannon Lee Ceballos, Adrian Nathaniel Chang, Meihao Chavers, Lauren Rene Chen, Jinlinzi Chen, Justin Cherrington, Cana Jordan Chilcote, Stephen Garret Chona, Stephanie Ann Chua, Abigail Feng Xiao Chua, Chrystal Marie Cohen, Hannah Marie Conrado, James Stephen Creencia, Joshua Clarence Cruz, Carmen Y
Cruz, Christian Roque Cun, Jason Vinh Curiel, Donovyn Ricardo Curran, David Nathan Custodio, Marian Sioson Dai, Jiaxi Daniel, Scott Alan Cruz, Christian Roque Cun, Jason Vinh Curiel, Donovyn Ricardo Curran, David Nathan Custodio, Marian Sioson Dai, Jiaxi Daniel, Scott Alan Cruz, Christian Roque Cun, Jason Vinh Curiel, Donovyn Ricardo Curran, David Nathan Custodio, Marian Sioson Dai, Jiaxi Daniel, Scott Alan De La Torre, Omar Dela Rosa, Benedict James C Dela Rosa, Ivan Amancio Delgadillo, Sarah Paula Delgado, Annie Diaz Lopez, Jacqueline Diaz, Alexandria Dodd, Steven Lee Dominguez, Yesenia Donovan, Zachary Erich Duffy, Kathryn Beth Durade, Jordyn McKenna Dutaut, Jake Bradley Dworak, Brianna Marie Elliott, Kevin Jon Enoch, Melissa Sue Estevez, Melissa Adamari Estrada, Adrianna Eva Evans III, Paul Alonzo Fajardo, Kevin Ivan Falcõn, Brianna Nicole Fernandez, Aleksy Preciado Flores, Cesar A Flores, Lauren Alexis Flores, Sergio Nicholas Fujita, Shohki Gallegos, Alejandra Galvan, Jorge Felix Garcia, Ashley Garcia, Guadalupe Garcia, Rocio Ariana Gardia, Veronica Annmarie Ginyard, Chace Evan Gocer, Yaren Ulker Godinez, David Gohl, Steve Keith Gõmez, Kõren Liliana Gomez, Vanessa Gong, Xiaonan Gonzales, Lawrence Aaron Gonzalez, Vincent Graciano, Krystal Concepcion Granneman, Brandon Nicholas Grijalva, Gilbert Guan, Qijun Guo, Ruizhe Gusman, Jessica Lara Gutierrez, Gilbert Gutierrez, Kevin Andrew Gutierrez, Sergio Guzman, Adrian Joseph Guzman, Oscar Hames, Amy Monica Hames, Jessica Nour Hand, Michael David Hermosillo, Evelyn Hernandez, Fabiola Hernandez, Kevin Hidalgo, Jacqueline Anais Higashiyama, Jackie K Hirokawa, Brent Katsumi Holmes, Olivia Rose Huang, Christine Huang, Shukang Hui, Sin Man Hurtado, Katherine Hymas, Jeffrey Jimenez, Edwin Jimenez, Jaslynn Johnson Jr, George Robert Jones, Donovan D Jorritsma, Christopher Thomas Joyce, Michael Aaron Juarez, Jairo Alejandro Kha, David Khanchalian, David William Killen, Andrew Milton Reid Ku, Jimmy Allen Lagunas, Adriana Sanchez Lai, Shiying Lancaster, Alyssa Noel Langrehr, Austin Harrison Lara Jr., Michael Angel Lascano, Mathew Leong, Kuan U Leyva, Jose Luis Li, Changjian Li, Chengxin Li, Menglin Li, Xinzi Li, Yumeng Li, Zibin Liang, Zhangcheng Lie, Brian Limon, Derek Lin, Chien-Ju Liu, Sihan Liu, Siyu Lizama, Maria Guadalupe Loaiza, Lilliane Lopez, Adrian Lopez, Amaris Ivonne Lopez, Angelique Marie Lopez, Anthony Leon Lopez, Kassandra Lopez, Myriam P. Lopez, Samantha Joann Lorenzana, Christian Xavier Loria, Michael Jordan H. Lovato, Karina Elyssa Luo, Yuexiang Mach, Vianna Maciel, Adrian Miguel Maciel, Jasmine Angelica Maduento, Lauren Elise Magat, Paula Marie Magdaleno, Joshua Chad Majid, Arshmah Maksutapal, Scott Douglas Malinoski, Brooke Nicole
McGinnis, Joshua Dean Medrano, Francisco Javier Melanson, Chloe Cate Mares, Grecel Garcia Marin, Daniel Marquez, Abraham Marrufo, Javier Martell, Oscar Alejandro Martin Edeza, Hector Martin, Kelly Watts Martinez, Mariel Martinez, Myriam Melanson, Chloe Cate Menefee-Libey, Isaac John Menendez, Michael Alejandro Mercado, Jayson Miramontes-Patron, Valerie Miramontez, Nicholas Samuel Mondragon, Stefanie Montanez, Carole Alicia Montanez, Carole Alicia Montesanti, Kyle Anthony Nhek, Vila Munoz, Tomoko Nahum Murillo, Gloria June Montoya, Ashley Rose Montoya, Owen Vicente Mordoff, Brady Aaron Nunez, Andrea Karina Olague, Emma Faye Ortiz, Jasmin Osterheim, Isabella H. Ott, Randal Eugene Palma, Crystal Nicole Pascual, Edwin Alejandro Patterson, Allyson Kathleen Pavlik, Mary Joanna Paz, Alexis Kenneth Perez, Marcos Emmanuel Perez, Teresita D. Perez-Loa, Sergio R Peters II, Frank E Phan, Justin William Phillips, Francesca Orona-Mora Phung, Oanh Plancey, Steven Robert Ponce, Violet Ann Portillo, Luis A. Qi, Chunmei Quintana, Bryce Oryan Ramirez, Emma Sue Ramirez, Philip Andrew Ramirez-Arvizu, Rodrigo Ramos Ozuna, Nayelly Janet Ramos, Alec Reyes Ramos, Daniel Ramos, Karla Coral Ratcliffe, Tremale Edward Reyes, Alex Anthony Rios, Kelly Marie Rivera, Ernie Roberts, Kevin Andrew Rodriguez, Atzin Robert Rodriguez, Gabriel Ernesto Rodriguez, James Sonny Rodriguez, Randy Lee Rodriguez, Valeska Monique Rodriguez, Vanessa Alexys Romero, Joshua Ryan Romero, Linda Romo, Adrianna Jennifer Romo, Antonio Ruiz, CJ Jasmine Sabbagh, Joana Saidi, Samuel Kadiebwe Salas, Gerardo Salcedo, Marissa Monique Saldana, Esbeyde Salinas, Jacob Alexander Salinas, Luis Rey Salmeron, Eduardo Sanchez, Brittany Lorraine Sanchez, Jennifer C Sanchez, Mary Catherine Dy Sandoval, Elizabeth Sanz, Alan Dominic Sepulveda-Moya, Alondra Margarita Shafer, Kristen B Sharafat, Syed Ashar Shi, Yifan Simpson, Andrew John Singleton, Destiney Mora Sohrabi, Melody Lavonne Song, Zhiheng Soria, Irwin James Spata, Nicole Whitney Spathias, Celine Nicole Steppuhn Blomeyer, Romina Soledad Stone, Joel David Summers, Sabrina Louise Sunaij, Emil Hikmat Tello, Luis Carlos Ting, Mike Topp, Raquel Ranee Toroian, Raffi Armen Torres Silva, Nidia Lizeth Torres, Inez Luisa Torres, Jessenia Carina Traub, David Louis Ursua, Adam Joseph Vaca, Sebastian Le Valadez, Alejandro Valenzuela, Fernando Van Steenwyk Hadloc, Yvette Berjette Vargas, Abigail Vasquez, April Lauren Vasquez, Kyle Evan Vazques, Ricardo A Velasquez, Omar Eduardo Velazquez, Monica Aileen Victoria, Richard Rivera Villa, Marlene Danielle Villalobos, Jesse Daniel Villegas, Leobardo Jr Virgen, Gabriela Vivas, Sally Doreen Vo, Diemmy Thuy Voght, Briana Nicole Vu, An Khang Duc Walker, Megan Elizabeth Dominique Wallace, Matthew Caleb Wang, Hong Yu Wang, Jiayi Wang, Ying White, Melanie Rose Wilcox, Ryan Scott Williams, Jessica Nicole Williams, Willard Trenton Setters Wills, Frank Hamblin Winberg, Thomas Lee Monroe Wolf, Audriana Eehocv Wong, William Fu-ming Oliver Worman, Katelyn Marisa Wu, Junyang Wu, Nan Xu, Kaiyang Xu, Minghui Yu, Kenny Y Zambrano, Jonnie Melinda Zamora Morales, Denisse Rocio Zhang, Jie Zhang, Xiangguang
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WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
Clarion
REVIEW
stage play shows impact of bees and bullying BY ROSE JUNQUEIRA
Bees” come to life as actors performed the first few scenes of the RJUNQUEIRA@CCCLARION.COM play. Estrada did an excellent job in porAs the curtains drew back, the caftraying the young, shy and humble eteria was filled with excited children Ali that definitely needed help with waiting for the start of the play “Ali’s facing his bully, Jenks, portrayed by Bees.” Citrus College history proCitrus College 2015 graduate Ryan fessor Bruce Solheim’s play taught Joshua Lyle. Roman brought the children the impact of bullying and laughs and Lupe’s character to life usefulness of bees. when she came on stage. The performance took place on The children were shown the danMay 25 at Edgewood Academy in La gers of bullying through Jenks’ acPuente. tions and how Ali diffused it with a Citrus College student veteran simple act of kindness. Marybeth Allen was the assistant After the performance, Citrus Coldirector and narrator of the play. lege biology professor and honey bee Some of the performers were Citrus scientist KatCollege students, eri McKinney such as acting maand Yusra Khjor Ricardo Estrada I started noticing afagi, a repreas the main characthat bees were dying sentative from ter,Ali, Dave Miranda the Council of everywhere I went. as the bully’s veteran American and father Mr. Hooper, I found dead bees Islamic Relaand Vivien Roman and I thought, ‘Is this tions, spoke as Ali’s Latina friend, about the imjust me or is there Lupe. portant roles The story follows something going of bees and a young Iraqi boy on?’ and I did some the impact of named Ali who has bullying, removed to America research and found spectably. with his beekeeping out that sure enough McKingrandfather after los- there is.” ney said she ing his parents in the -BRUCE SOLHEIM enjoys “Ali’s Iraq War. There, he History professor Bees” because learns how to make it promotes friends, deal with tolerance. bullies, and play baseball. A l i e falls in love with the bees his grand- It teaches the viewers about being kind to those around you including father takes care of. During the play, the audience got plants and animals. She also said to witness the characters of “Ali’s that she enjoys educating people on STAFF REPORTER
“
Rose Junqueira Clarion
From left to right, Dave Miranda, Ricardo Estrada, Toby Guebert, Vivien Roman and Ryan Joshua Lyle take a final bow May 25 at Edgewood Academy.
the importance of bees and will join Solheim and the cast for future performances. Solheim said the inspiration for writing “Ali’s Bees” came from a few different sources. When coaching a little league baseball team, he met a Middle Eastern boy who was having trouble with the sport. “He was playing baseball, but didn’t understand how to play and some of the other boys decided that they were going to tease him,” Solheim said. “So I had to step and talk to them and after that everyone got along fine.” As for Ali’s grandfather, Solheim explained that he never knew his own. So, he created the perfect image of what he thought would be a wise ADVERTISEMENT
and funny grandfather for Ali. In regards to the bees Solheim is highly allergic to them but understands their importance in taking care of the ecosystem. “I started noticing that bees were dying everywhere I went,” Solheim said. “I found dead bees and I thought, ‘Is this just me or is there something going on?’ and I did some research and found out that sure enough there is.” He said it is called Colony Collapse Disorder, which happens when a majority of worker bees disappear, leaving behind the queen and hive. If bees disappear, one-third of human’s food supply will disappear with them. Solheim said he hopes the play will make people understand the impor-
tance of bees, science, impact of bullying and much more. Allen said the play also did a good job in covering the different problems seen in America today. “It touched on the DACA program. It touched on PTSD,” Allen said. “It touched on bullying. I just love how it touches a little on the social problems that we see.” This was not the first performance of “Ali’s Bees” and Allen assured that it will not be the last one. “Aside from the Edgewood performance, we’re also performing on June 7 in Pasadena library,” Allen said. They have sights to also perform at a couple of other elementary schools, such as Grace Miller Elementary, in the future.
Clarion
ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
PAGE 11
Beach Bums perform at Anti-Prom Fest Local band tours and releases new album ‘I Want to Sleep Forever’ BY ERIK ADAMS STAFF REPORTER
EADAMS@CCCLARION.COM
The first breath of air upon entering Beach Bums’ practice warehouse laid still and tinged with marijuana smoke. Around the corner from the front door, the band practiced its new material in preparation for an upcoming show, taking smoke breaks in between songs. Citrus recording arts student, guitarist and contributing songwriter of Beach Bums, Jonathan Horsley, 22, jams out a few more songs with his bandmates before sitting down to talk about the band’s motivations, tour life and the new album. Beach Bums performed in Norwalk on June 2, as a part of the first Anti-Prom Fest. “I’m so glad Anti-Prom is finally a thing,” Horsley said to the audience while onstage during the show. “Just jump the f--- up and dance.” Typical Beach Bums shows are filled with fans singing along, moshing and dancing about. “Beach Bums shows will always be, like, the best shows you could ever go to,” Herbert Guevara, 20, the band’s friend and videographer said. “Today was really fun… everyone was faded.” Guevara travels from the San Fernando Valley to attend and film Beach Bums shows around the county. “I film s--- for them, I take pictures for them. … I pretty much do most of their media now,” Guevara said. “First, I made stuff for them as a fan, but then, like, we got to know each other and became friends so now it’s more of like a really intimate relationship as friends. Not even just as friends but as business partners, because we’re always, like, constantly working with each other.” Similarly in their albums, the band’s eclectic nature shined through as they played styles ranging from stoner rock and hardcore punk, to hip-hop and oldies-style ballads like their song “Fah Q.” Each member has been influenced by different styles. “We make feelings,” Keanu Hardin, the band’s drummer, said. “The approach (to songwriting) is that there is no approach,” Hors-
“
We’re not even a band, really. We’re just like an art project at this point.” -JONATHAN HORSLEY
Citrus student, guitarist and lead singer of Beach Bums
ley said. “Why start all these bands — why start all these projects when we can just do one crazy art project that’s everything? We’re not even a band really, we’re just like an art project at this point.” As for Horsley’s time at Citrus, he said he is “basically out” and “just has one more class to take” before he is done. “I’ve been going to Citrus since 2014,” he said. “I just finished (the recording arts program) in 2017, so all I have to do is take a health class and then I’m done.” The group recently finished touring the western portion of the United States and is planning to tour again. “The first half of the tour — it was random,” Elijah Alamo, the band’s bassist, said. “We took an RV for some reason and went up to Oregon and played just for the people at the bar. And then played a dope a-- house show — in an RV,” he said. “Then in the second half we rented a van.” Texas marked the midway point of tour for the band. “We were supposed to play a house show in San Antonio but we got there and it was just the nastiest most tweaker house,” Horsley said. “Man, that sucked,” Randolph Calixto, 19, Beach Bums’ guitarist, said. “Raunchy.” “It smelled like asbestos,” Alamo said. The band did not play the San Antonio house and moved on to another show. “It was terrible, so we left,” Horsley said. “But the next night was cool because we got another show in Austin again. So we just drove back to Austin and played this cool bar show and got hella beer — got drunk. It was cool.” Overall, the group said they enjoyed the tour. “It was crazy,” Calixto said. “It’s like a learning process,” Horsley said. “We are still super D.I.Y. The tour was booked by us… not by some agent.”
Michael Quintero Clarion
Citrus recording arts student, guitarist and lead vocalist of Beach Bums Jonathan Horsley, 22, screams vocals on June 2, at Anti-Prom in Norwalk. Anti-Prom was held in a house, which is now their new recording studio.
Michael Quintero Clarion
Citrus recording arts student and lead vocalist of Beach Bums Jonathan Horsley, 22, poses for a photo in front of his mixing board on May 18 at their studio in Whitter.
The band said they will focus on booking another tour once they achieve their upcoming goals. “After these projects come out, we’re going to definitely go on tour again,” Horsley said. “U.S., definitely, and Mexico.” Horsley said that “this has been a good time for us to just really focus on our craft” and “create more material.” The new album’s content is entirely acoustic, a sharp turn from much of their previous work. He said the new sound was unplanned, and the songs were written without the idea of an album in mind. “Nothing is intentional,” he said. “It wasn’t, like, ‘Hey, let’s go record an acoustic album right now,’ you know? It was just, like — that’s how we were feeling in the moment so everything we were writing was that.” Friends in the audience of the Anti-Prom performance enjoyed the new material. “I really like their new release,” Laura Quezada, Guevara’s filming partner and fan of the
“
I just want to cry it’s so good. ... Like, someone break my heart so I can really appreciate it, you know?” -LAURA QUEZADA
Beach Bums filming partner and fan
group, 24, said. “I just want to cry it’s so good. … Like, someone break my heart so I can really appreciate it, you know?” Horsley said Beach Bums is “definitely more than a band.” “We want to do more than just make music,” he said. “We want to make movies, we want to (do) everything,” he said. “It just fits into the whole thing. … We just do whatever we want.” Beach Bums’ latest album, “I Want To Sleep Forever”, is available on the group’s Bandcamp page, at https://beachbums.bandcamp. com/ and on Spotify.
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ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
Tuition includes summer deals Student discounts available through ASCC for a variety of fun summer activities BY MADDISON OCTOBER FEATURES EDITOR
MOCTOBER@CCCLARION.COM
Want some fun things to do this summer but you’re on a college student budget? If you are enrolled in the spring semester, or if you plan on being here during the summer, as a part of your tuition, you pay for the ASCC benefits which include specific student discounts.
In order to purchase these discounted tickets, you must have a current ASCC sticker on your ID card. If you do not have the sticker, all you have to do is go to the Cashier’s Office in the Student Services Building and pick it up. One of the better deals out there is the Six Flags Magic Mountain daily admission discount. For a general admission ticket at the door, the cost is $74.99. With the ASCC student discount the cost is $54.99, which is the same price for children under four feet tall. Another notable deal that the ASCC sticker offers is the daily admission into Legoland. To buy the tickets through the
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“
If you aren’t currently enrolled in any Citrus classes you can purchase the sticker for $10.”
park for an adult it is $95 during the weekdays and $103 Friday-Sunday. But with the ASCC discounts, a daily admission is $83. If you aren’t currently enrolled in any Citrus classes you can still purchase the sticker for $10. The discounted tickets must be purchased at the Cashier Office in the Student Services Building before going to the event.
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Infographic adapted from the ASCC list by Maddison October Clarion
Clarion
FEATURES
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 13
Olivier named co-female athlete of the year BY RYAN THOMPSON WEB EDITOR
FLASTNAME@CCCLARION.COM
Citrus College women’s water polo player Hunter Olivier was named Co-Female Athlete of the Year. The award is given to outstanding student-athletes who display excellence in both athletics and academics. The sophomore driver ended the season with 60 goals from 100 shots taken, while dishing out 52 assists and earning 82 steals. Olivier was named to the first team all Western State Conference East for the second year in a row. Olivier led the conference in assists and ranked second in steals. These accomplishments did nothing to prepare Olivier for receiving the award. “I feel overwhelmed,” Olivier said. ”I feel joy, a little shocked because I didn’t know I was being put up for this award.” Olivier’s overall GPA for the year was 3.18. She made sure to avoid missing class and procrastinating, and Olivier said she feels these habits helped keep her grades up. Delaney Gappart, freshman co-captain has seen what Olivier is like in both her studies and in water polo. “She’s the exact same person, inside and outside the pool,” Gappart said. “She carries it in everything she does. She keeps determination in her school work and through everything in the water.” Olivier will graduate this spring with a kinesiology degree and transfer to University of Redlands. Citrus College women’s wa-
Michael Quintero Clarion
Citrus College water polo captain Hunter Olivier poses for a photo on May 31, at the Aquatic Center. Olivier has been recently named co-female athlete of the year.
ter polo coach, Jennifer Spalding spoke highly of Olivier’s influence on the program.
“I think it’s a huge honor and well-deserved,” Spalding said. “She made such a huge impact on
the aquatics program at Citrus. Citrus College is now on the map when it comes to aquatics. She led
her team well and she put in the work.”
professor, adviser with ‘ink in her veins’ retires BY EMILY CRISTLER-HERMOSILLO EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
EHERMOSILLO@CCCLARION.COM
The Citrus College student newsroom was moved to a new building twice before Meg O’Neil would leave it, and now she has to, at least for six months. Many of O’Neil’s students were surprised to hear the communications professor, adviser to Logos magazine and former adviser to the Clarion was set to retire after teaching for more than 40 years. O’Neil views her retirement as a requirement not to teach for six months. She said she intends to return, possibly as a communications adjunct professor, and intends to take the required coursework during her retirement to qualify her to teach distance education so that she could teach online or hybrid classes. Even when O’Neil is not teaching, she still thinks of ways to improve the student publications at Citrus. She said she could see the room where she stores her office supplies and papers being converted into a radio room for the Clarion. O’Neil tells her students that she thinks her passion for education and journalism started long before she was born. She grew up in a family of “newspaper people” and despite her grandfather’s lack of higher education, his passion behind a printing press is why O’Neil says she has ink in her veins. Two of O’Neil’s five children are journalists, one of whom lives
Zaina Cummins Clarion
Citrus College professor and Logos adviser Meg O’Neil poses for a photo on June 4 outside the newsroom in the VA building.
in Washington, D.C. covering the White House. She has former students who are professional designers, reporters and editors at various publications, such as the current editor of the Claremont Courier, Kathryn Dunn.
In March, O’Neil was recognized as a retiring professor at the Journalism Association of Community Colleges, a conference and competition event for journalism programs across California held in Burbank. Waleed Rashidi, adjunct com-
munications professor who previously worked alongside O’Neil, gave a speech at JACC. He described her memory as “encyclopedic” and like a “steel trap.” “She knows more about her students then they know about themselves,” Rashidi said. “She
is the first to arrive on campus, typically before dawn and before any other faculty, students or administrators have set foot on the Citrus pavement … She has the stamina, the persistence and the focus that even her young and spritely students cannot match.” Her husband, Rob O’Neil, praised and spoke to her competitive nature and workaholic tendencies at the JACC banquet. Rob O’Neil shared stories about how competitive she was as his student. Meg O’Neil decided to return to college when she was in her 40s to learn journalism after completing her master’s in English. Already married, she registered for her husband’s news writing class at Pierce. “It’s not easy, teaching your wife … I’ve learned more from Meg than she has from me,” Rob O’Neil said. When Meg O’Neil stepped toward the microphone, she said she felt she has learned from her students. “I really feel it is the students that have taught me to be a better person … now is the right time for me to retire because I feel that you are the future and I feel confident that you will carry on as men and women of integrity, that you will work very very hard and that you will be a credit to your community and do service to your country,” O’Neil said. O’Neil is already itching to learn new skills. She is considering giving sound media a try by volunteering at a radio station.
PAGE 14
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018
FORUM
Clarion
OPINION
No ordinary summer: The battle for democracy BY PATRICK FERNANDEZ OPINIONS EDITOR
PFERNANDEZ@CCCLARION.COM
This will be no ordinary summer. For these are not ordinary times. Although our daily commutes and blasé routines may presently be convincing us that all is well, know that beneath this veneer of normalcy, there is an American Republic that is in perilous straits. We are in a social and moral civil war; a war not between northern and southern standing armies, but rather a war between partisan corruption and independent justice; a war between “alternative facts” and real ones. Cannon and musket fire has been replaced by volleys of “deep state” conspiracy theories and White House propaganda assaults on once independent institutions, such that our republic is now in as much danger as it was during the 1860s, albeit in a much less physical but equally corrosive way. For the first time in American history, a demagogue — who unabashedly flaunts his authoritarian tendencies — sits atop the executive branch in a dangerous standoff with American rule of law as we know it. Through some strange combination of impulsivity and media-savvy calculation, he is day by day testing the waters to see what he can get away with and just how complicit selfish politicians and career-jockeying senior public servants around him might be. With each day that passes, this demagogue only grows more emboldened and erratic as he bullies and attempts to undercut anyone who appears not to revere him with a cultish loyalty. He’s already normalized so many unethical behaviors and attitudes that we can hardly keep track of them all now. In the coming months, we should expect him to get all the more dangerous and toxic the closer America gets to learning the full extent of the corruption and greed that is the very essence of the Trump brand and presidency — from swindling American
contractors on development projects, to the too-good-to-be-true real estate deals with Russian oligarchs, to the Trump family’s assortment of dealings with organized criminals and Kremlin-connected lawyers. And let’s not forget the sexual misconduct, the endless lying and outrageous acts of defamation that are putrid hallmarks of this thin-skinned bully. Donald J. Trump is not above the law, although he seems to think he is. To be clear, for Trump and his legal team to so much as toy with the idea that a sitting president can pardon himself for any crime is just a fancy way of them saying America should be a dictatorship. With a lifetime of corruption under his belt, Trump now cries “witch hunt” with the fervor of a cornered criminal. He’s resorted to abusing his office to torch as many of our core democratic norms and institutions as he can, lest history should be able to finish writing its chapter on this childish conman and lifelong cheat. Under ordinary circumstances, America would be able to trust that there are enough members of Congress out there — who possess at least a fraction of a backbone — to carry out their Constitutional duty to serve as a check against an erratic and paranoid president’s abuses of the office. But sadly, thus far there have been few indications that today’s Republican-led House and Senate leadership has the moral fortitude to act as such a check for the good of the nation — a far cry from the Republicans who once saved America’s rule of law from the clutches of President Richard Nixon during the Watergate era. The Republican party is most definitely not the party of Lincoln, and it hasn’t been for a long time. As former House Speaker John Boehner adeptly pointed out, there is no Republican party anymore. It is now the party of Trump. And there’s danger in this cataclysmic political realignment, although not because Trump is an “unconventional” politician.
Patrick Fernandez Clarion
It’s because he’s a distinctly antidemocratic one. The feckless hodgepodge into which Congressional Republicans have unfortunately morphed bears a striking resemblance to the sorts of petty “combinations and associations” George Washington warned us against in his 1796 Farewell Address. In describing the self-interested factions that inevitably arise out of unrestrained partisan warfare, Washington foresaw the very danger we are now facing: “However combinations or associations of the above description may now and then answer popular ends, they are likely, in the course of time and things, to become potent engines, by which cunning, ambitious, and unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert the power of the people and to usurp for themselves the reins of government, destroying afterwards the very engines which have lifted them to unjust dominion.”
We are now closer than ever to seeing Washington’s timeless warning become a dark reality that has the potential to eviscerate the grand American Experiment of our founders. America has arrived at a pivotal crossroads, a proverbial Gettysburg, in which the “better angels of our nature” will face off against our very worst -- those fallen and ever so dark angels embodied in every way, shape and form by Trump himself. This will be a battle for the soul and very survival of the American Republic. Such is the magnitude of this juncture in American history. We must pay careful attention to how Congress reacts should Trump be implicated in any corrupt activity in Special Counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation. Should Trump attempt to suddenly halt the investigation in some variant of a Saturday Night Massacre, we must pay even closer attention. A Congress that takes no action
in the aforementioned scenarios is a Congress that will have to be challenged with unrelenting peaceful protests by everyday citizens. Otherwise, America could quickly erode into a system of government that takes us back to a system not unlike the one from which we gained independence: autocracy. As we march along this historic crossroads, every American of integrity and character must cast aside political persuasions and take up positions on a proverbial Cemetery Ridge. For a titanic clash between corruption and justice is not far off, and not unlike the historic Battle of Gettysburg, the outcome will determine the very fate of the American republic. It is a clash that will determine whether our republic lives or if it dies. So in the months ahead, keep close watch on America’s demagogue-in-chief and an even closer watch on a Congress that has capitulated to him far too many times.
REVIEW
‘How Democracies Die’ reminds us of our vulnerabilities BY PATRICK FERNANDEZ OPINIONS EDITOR
PFERNANDEZ@CCCLARION.COM
The good news for America is our democracy’s not dead. The bad news? It appears to be in critical condition. Almost a year and a half into the Trump presidency, our democracy is strapped to the gurney and being rushed down a seemingly endless hall toward the ER. Whether our democracy survives the surgery will depend on our ability to identify and correct the life-threatening symptoms that have been known to flatline democracies in the past. Harvard professors Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt offer some invaluable insight on just what these symptoms look like in their book “How Democracies Die.” In the book, Levitsky and Ziblatt analyze 20th century democratic governments that experienced the fatal plunge into autocracy — although some maintained the superficial guise of a democracy. A key observation they make is, “Democracies may die at the hands not of generals but of elected leaders — presidents or prime ministers who subvert the very process that brought them to power.”
Patrick Fernandez Clarion
They point out that the erosion of democracies happens when established political parties fail to keep radical and demagogic individuals out of their ranks and ally themselves with them in the name of political expediency. Such fateful pacts have a tendency to backfire on the establishment parties that once served as the moderating forces of governance. They cite well known examples such as 1930s Germany, where establishment parties paralyzed by infighting led to Weimar leaders who reluctantly partnered with Adolf Hitler. Germany’s very own estab-
lishment politicians played a pivotal role in Hitler’s rise by choosing to do business with him in a relationship they assumed they’d be able to manage. One of the most horrific tyrannies of human history would come to show how wrong that assumption was. Should a demagogue gain power, the authors note that the crucial question then becomes whether or not a nation’s democratic institutions will be able to act as a check against any antidemocratic moves by the demagogue. The authors highlight some of his-
tory’s more recent examples, such as Hugo Chavez riding a wave of populism to his 1998 election victory in Venezuela. They note how Chavez was particularly adept at using his legal authority to chip away at the country’s laws. The extreme backlashes they prompted from opposition parties ultimately served to make his dangerous push toward authoritarianism easier. The scorched-earth partisan warfare that has become such a common theme of American politics is something the authors warn against as it creates a polarized and dysfunctional climate that a would-be authoritarian may eventually exploit. The authors argue that protecting democracies from the aforementioned pitfalls are unwritten democratic norms, or “guardrails,” that enable a democracy to stay on track. Using historical examples from both Europe and Latin America, they highlight how a constitutional system that is devoid of certain unwritten norms can eventually send democracy into a tailspin. Damaging America’s democratic norms is what Trump is trying to do, with his disturbing attacks on the U.S. justice system and threats to jail opposition figures as just a few of the clearest examples.
Although there is no question Trump is doing serious damage to norms that have long ensured our democracy can function, Levitsky and Ziblatt make an important distinction that Trump is not the sole cause of this erosion of norms, but he is a symptom of a steady erosion that has been decades in the making. In the book, the authors do a masterful job at describing the racism that has been at the heart of American politics since its founding. The book gives an especially detailed overview of the evolution of the American political system since Reconstruction, describing how America’s tragic bargain of racial exclusion was made to appease the South following the Civil War. The authors then take us through the Civil Rights era, the more inclusive democratic system that emerged from it, and the dark transformation of the GOP that followed soon thereafter — a GOP led by figures such as Newt Gingrich who would take up the mantle of scorched earth, all-ornothing political warfare that in time came to poison America with debilitating levels of polarization.
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Clarion
FORUM
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, 2018 PAGE 15
EDITORIAL
It’s time to arm ourselves with facts
Less politics and more research would show us how to curb gun violence
America’s epidemic of gun violence will persist as long as politicians refuse to thoroughly fund research that is requisite for a sensible cure. It’s time to demand a bipartisan initiative to fund more national research on gun violence. Ensuring America is kept in the dark and as far away as possible from getting a handle on the root causes of our gun violence epidemic guarantees that it persists, and possibly grows. This in turn makes the gun lobby’s fear-based narrative easier to maintain— a narrative that keeps guns flying off the shelves and money flying into the NRA leadership and NRA-owned Congressmen’s pockets. Although it is impossible to prevent every individual act of gun violence, it is absolutely possible to prevent such violence from cascading into the epidemic levels we have so easily acquiesced to in America. In 2016 alone, there were over 38,000 gun-related deaths, about 11,000 of which were homicides. A 2016 study published in The American Journal of Medicine found the U.S. gun homicide rate was 25 times higher than in other high-income countries. This contributed to an overall U.S. homicide ally increased the risk of a homicide. tion for the research. rate that was seven times higher As the findings circulated among While the Dickey Amendment than high-income countries. the public, the National Rifle Assonever constituted an official ban While such studies help illustrate ciation lost no time pressuring its on research, it marked the beginthe ghastly disparity between the Congressional pawns to act. Former ning of Congress’s reluctance to U.S. and other advanced countries’ provide funds specifically for gun Rep. Jay Dickey (R-Ark.) was regardgun violence rates, the available reed as the “point man” for the NRA in violence research. It’s worth noting search is still disparate and lacks a the 1990s, the man in charge of carthat after retiring from Congress, unified whole-of-government aprying out the NRA’s will on Capitol Dickey would later come to regret proach to what is clearly a national Hill. In 1996 he authored the controhis amendment and advocated for epidemic. more gun research. versial Dickey Amendment, which The crucial “why” behind Amer- would effectively stymie future CDC However, the research-averse ican gun violence is still burdened research on gun violence. climate the amendment created for by a convoluted system of data sets The vague language used in the gun violence hasn’t changed, and maintained by a variety of federal amendment stipulated that “none likely won’t change as long as the organizations, nonprofit groups and NRA maintains its tight grip on so of the funds made available for instate and local law enforcement enmany U.S. representatives. Accordjury prevention and control at the tities. Centers for Disease Control and ing to a February analysis conductAlthough these data sets may Prevention (CDC) may be used to ed by CNN’s Aaron Kessler, more capture numbers and rates of gun advocate or promote gun than half of deaths or injuries, they do little to control.” This language has Congress has synthesize the big picture. They fail remained in some form in received monto show us why America is such an every appropriations bill ey or support The NRA outlier compared to other high-insince. from the NRA. leverages the come countries, many of which enIn conjunction with the Given that joy many of the exact same movies, amendment, Dickey succonducting resway it holds search on gun video games and music that we do. ceeded in pushing Conover Congress violence isn’t In a March interview with Vox’s gress to gut the $2.6 million German Lopez, the head of RAND the CDC had been allotted prohibited by to shoot the Corporation’s gun policy initiative, for gun violence research the second Andrew Morral, described the lack the previous year. very idea of a Amendment, of comprehensive gun violence reTaken as a whole, it is does remiddle ground nor search as creating “this kind of fact- easy to see why the CDC search infree environment in which people would interpret these comfringe on gun to pieces.” can cherry-pick any study that hapbined legislative actions to rights, we can pens to support what be a veiled only conjectheir priors are on the threat. ture as to what effects of the law.” Congress seemed the real reason is the NRA doesn’t The fog that lingers to be implicitly want the CDC getting too close to The fog that over our understandtelling the CDC to that might give America lingers over our back off gun vio- anything ing of this deadly a clearer understanding of our epiissue is in large part understanding lence research or demic levels of gun violence. due to a series of legelse. The average NRA rally or media of this deadly islative actions taken In a 2016 L.A. interview quickly reveals the orgaby Congress in 1996. Times article, Minization has a skillfully crafted narissue is in Chief among these chael Hiltzik derative designed to stoke perpetual large part due scribed how from paranoia and fear, with the goal of was the passage of the Dickey Amendthat point on, the persuading Americans that a gun to a series ment, which origCDC became wary is the only thing standing between of legislative inated in response of researching gun them and an imminent death by to CDC-funded gun unless a shadowy predators. There are few if actions taken violence research in the early any better advertising pitches that green light came 1990s. The research by Congress in from Congress in can guarantee steady gun sales for found that a gun in the form of an exthe corporate gun manufacturers 1996.” the household actuthat today’s NRA primarily repplicit appropria-
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Patrick Fernandez Clarion
resents. It is important to point out that Using Congress’s power of the clarifying language to the Dickpurse to keep the nation blind to ey Amendment was added in this the gruesome intersection of social year’s appropriations bill stating, ills, mental health and access to “The Secretary of Health and Hufirearms seems to be a key element man Services has stated the CDC of the gun lobby’s strategy — keep (Centers of Disease Control and Americans and the media talking in Prevention) has the authority to circles among themselves as more conduct research on the causes of and more vicgun violence.” tims suffer the However, having “the authority scourge of gun Don’t let Congress to conduct reviolence. The NRA search” is not the keep America wants and needs same as Congress in the dark any America to stay actually appropriating funding divided on this longer.” public health for this research. issue. Gun viThere’s nothing olence breeds in the current lana fear that is useful for marketing guage that says the GOP-led Conthe sell of even more guns, so why gress will actually buck their marchwould the NRA or gun manufactur- ing orders from the NRA and end the ers want to see any sort of reduction politically motivated ransom games in it? they’ve been playing with the CDC’s funding for gun violence research. The NRA leverages the sway it holds over Congressional represenBased on Congress’s track record tatives to shoot the very idea of a over the past two decades, paving middle ground to pieces. the way for robust research will take Ensuring CDC research on the is- far more than a few new phrases sue stays inadequately funded and buried somewhere in volumes of perverting every discussion on gun legislative fine print. violence into a political brawl or Don’t let Congress keep America alleging it is the beginning of a con- in the dark any longer. spiratorial gun grab are just some Demand Congress fund comprehensive research on gun violence, of the many ways the NRA and gun lobby achieve this never-ending di- and use the midterm elections to vision. vote out any politician who lacks the After every American gun massa- courage to treat gun violence like cre, there are pleas and cries from the public health and safety issue grief-stricken Americans asking the that it is. same disheartening question: “Why The Center for Responsive Polidoes this keep happening?” tics’ website at http://OpenSecrets. Congress’s collective answer: org is an excellent resource for “Stay tuned for the next one.” tracking which U.S. representatives Answering this terrible “why” re- have received money from the NRA. Help pull America out of this quires robust, consistent, comprehensive research into gun violence confusing fog of cyclical debates by that has the full bipartisan backing leading the push for more compreof national legislators who are sup- hensive gun violence research. posed to be serving the American Only when we are armed with people, not turning a blind eye to knowledge derived from careful gun violence striking down Ameri- research will we begin steering the can adults and children by the thou- nation away from senseless bloodsands. shed.
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