Typography 3 Week 8 - Homework Assignment Aileen Almazora
THE CROWN ORNAMENTATION
THE CROWN ORNAMENTATION
The Begining
September, 1928
Construction begins of the Chrysler Building in New York City, New York.
The Chrysler Building is a ren-
Krupp and marketed under
owned building and is also
the trade name Nirosta,
recognized for its terraced
meaning non-rusting steel.
crown. It is composed of
When the building first
seven radiating terraced
opened in May 30 th 1930,
arches. William Van Alen
it had a viewing gallery for
had designed the crown as a
the public in the 71st floor. In
cruciform groin vault. It was
1945, it sadly closed to the
then constructed into seven
public due to a new owner. A
concentric members with
private club called Cloud
transitioning the set backs. It
Club occupied a three-
was mounted up one behind one another. The stainless-
f l o o r, h i g h r i s e s p a c e from the 66 th - 68 th floors,
steel cladding is ribbed and
unfortunately, it closed in
riveted in an elegant and
the late 1970s. This floor is
radiating sunburst pattern,
now occupied as an office
with a range of triangular
space for other renters
vaulted windows. It trans-
in the building. It is not
itions into much smaller
accessible by the public
segments of the seven
today. Though it can not
narrow setbacks of the
be accessible, it’s beauty
facade of the terraced
is still retained from the
crown. The entire part
outside world. It also shines
of the crown is clad with
and sparkles through day
silvery Enduro KA-2 metal, an
and night.
austenitic stainless steel developed in Germany by
The rivals weren’t aware of the spire being built, until it was revealed. It came as a shock to everyone. Especially the fact that it was built inside
11
the Chrysler Building itself.
William Van Alen was the head architect of the Chrysler Building. He had set out a specific plan to race to the top.
The Begining
September, 1928
Construction begins of the Chrysler Building in New York City, New York.
The Chrysler Building is a ren-
Krupp and marketed under
owned building and is also
the trade name Nirosta,
recognized for its terraced
meaning non-rusting steel.
crown. It is composed of
When the building first
seven radiating terraced
opened in May 30 th 1930,
arches. William Van Alen
it had a viewing gallery for
had designed the crown as a
the public in the 71st floor. In
cruciform groin vault. It was
1945, it sadly closed to the
then constructed into seven
public due to a new owner. A
concentric members with
private club called Cloud
transitioning the set backs. It
Club occupied a three-
was mounted up one behind one another. The stainless-
f l o o r, h i g h r i s e s p a c e from the 66 th - 68 th floors,
steel cladding is ribbed and
unfortunately, it closed in
riveted in an elegant and
the late 1970s. This floor is
radiating sunburst pattern,
now occupied as an office
with a range of triangular
space for other renters
vaulted windows. It trans-
in the building. It is not
itions into much smaller
accessible by the public
segments of the seven
today. Though it can not
narrow setbacks of the
be accessible, it’s beauty
facade of the terraced
is still retained from the
crown. The entire part
outside world. It also shines
of the crown is clad with
and sparkles through day
silvery Enduro KA-2 metal, an
and night.
austenitic stainless steel developed in Germany by
The rivals weren’t aware of the spire being built, until it was revealed. It came as a shock to everyone. Especially the fact that it was built inside
11
the Chrysler Building itself.
William Van Alen was the head architect of the Chrysler Building. He had set out a specific plan to race to the top.
The Materials
October, 1928
The Chrysler Building is made
the tip of the spire, the
building standing tall. When
up of masonry, steel, stone,
Chrysler Building stands
the Chrysler Building was
marble, and concrete. The
to 1046 ft. tall. The first
being fixed, construction
steel frame and metal
floor is the building’s lobby
workers found 3,8000
cladding is what makes this
exhibition and the spire
windows were completely
building to stand so strong.
remains as an electrical
fine. The spire however,
The Chrysler Building is a
u n i t . Th e 7 7 t h f l o o r i s
had a leak; eventually it
classic example of Art Deco
known to be New York’s
was fixed in 2002. The
architecture, the Chrysler
Department of Buildings.
materials used to build
building is considered to
The 71 floor is a floor that
the Chrysler Building had
be the first to extensively
is no longer opened, but
allowed the structure to
leased to tenants.
stand the test of time.
st
use stainless steel over an exposed building surface. It
13
It cost about $15,000,000
is one of the tallest steel-
to start and finish the
supported brick building
Chrysler Building. William
in the world. The crown
Van Alen, the architect,
is made up of stainless
designed a 185 ft. spire,
steel material, supporting
inside the building itself.
the spire that shoots up
The spire was kept a secret,
at the sky. The Chrysler
in hopes it will top to be
Building is considered to
the tallest building. About
be the most quintessential
361,831 rivets to make the
skyscraper design made.
Chrysler Building. These
From the ground floor to
rivets are what keeps this
Severance had just completed 40 Wall Street to 927 feet, making sure to surpass Van Alen’s announced plans for the Chrysler Building at 925 feet.
14
The Materials
October, 1928
The Chrysler Building is made
the tip of the spire, the
building standing tall. When
up of masonry, steel, stone,
Chrysler Building stands
the Chrysler Building was
marble, and concrete. The
to 1046 ft. tall. The first
being fixed, construction
steel frame and metal
floor is the building’s lobby
workers found 3,8000
cladding is what makes this
exhibition and the spire
windows were completely
building to stand so strong.
remains as an electrical
fine. The spire however,
The Chrysler Building is a
u n i t . Th e 7 7 t h f l o o r i s
had a leak; eventually it
classic example of Art Deco
known to be New York’s
was fixed in 2002. The
architecture, the Chrysler
Department of Buildings.
materials used to build
building is considered to
The 71 floor is a floor that
the Chrysler Building had
be the first to extensively
is no longer opened, but
allowed the structure to
leased to tenants.
stand the test of time.
st
use stainless steel over an exposed building surface. It
13
It cost about $15,000,000
is one of the tallest steel-
to start and finish the
supported brick building
Chrysler Building. William
in the world. The crown
Van Alen, the architect,
is made up of stainless
designed a 185 ft. spire,
steel material, supporting
inside the building itself.
the spire that shoots up
The spire was kept a secret,
at the sky. The Chrysler
in hopes it will top to be
Building is considered to
the tallest building. About
be the most quintessential
361,831 rivets to make the
skyscraper design made.
Chrysler Building. These
From the ground floor to
rivets are what keeps this
Severance had just completed 40 Wall Street to 927 feet, making sure to surpass Van Alen’s announced plans for the Chrysler Building at 925 feet.
14
The Completion
May, 1930
Architect William Van Alen tricks his rival and former partner, H. Craig Severance, into losing the race for the tallest building in the world.
The Chrysler Building is a renowned
gallery for the public in the 71 st
building and is very recognized for
floor. In 1945, it sadly closed to the
its terraced crown. It is composed
public due to a new owner. A private
of seven radiating terraced arches. William Van Alen had designed the
club called Cloud Club occupied a three-floor high space from the 66th -
crown as a cruciform groin vault.
68 th floors, unfortunately, it closed
I t was construc ted into seven
in the late 1970s. Above the 71 st
concentric members with transi-
floor, the stories of the building
tioning setbacks. It was mounted up
are designed mostly for exterior
one behind another. The stainless-
appearance. It functions mainly as
steel cladding has ribbed and riveted
landings for the stairway to the spire.
in a radiating sunburst pattern with
These top stories are very narrow
many triangular vaulted windows. It transitions into smaller segments
with fairly low, sloped ceilings, and are useful only for holding radio -
of the seven narrow setbacks of
broadcasting, But now it is used
the facade of the terraced crown.
for other mechanical and electrical
The entire crown is clad with silvery Enduro KA - 2 metal, an austenitic
equipment storage.
stainless steel developed in Germany by Krupp and marketed under the trade name Nirosta, meaning nonrusting steel. When the building first opened in 1930, it had a viewing
18
The Completion
May, 1930
Architect William Van Alen tricks his rival and former partner, H. Craig Severance, into losing the race for the tallest building in the world.
The Chrysler Building is a renowned
gallery for the public in the 71 st
building and is very recognized for
floor. In 1945, it sadly closed to the
its terraced crown. It is composed
public due to a new owner. A private
of seven radiating terraced arches. William Van Alen had designed the
club called Cloud Club occupied a three-floor high space from the 66th -
crown as a cruciform groin vault.
68 th floors, unfortunately, it closed
I t was construc ted into seven
in the late 1970s. Above the 71 st
concentric members with transi-
floor, the stories of the building
tioning setbacks. It was mounted up
are designed mostly for exterior
one behind another. The stainless-
appearance. It functions mainly as
steel cladding has ribbed and riveted
landings for the stairway to the spire.
in a radiating sunburst pattern with
These top stories are very narrow
many triangular vaulted windows. It transitions into smaller segments
with fairly low, sloped ceilings, and are useful only for holding radio -
of the seven narrow setbacks of
broadcasting, But now it is used
the facade of the terraced crown.
for other mechanical and electrical
The entire crown is clad with silvery Enduro KA - 2 metal, an austenitic
equipment storage.
stainless steel developed in Germany by Krupp and marketed under the trade name Nirosta, meaning nonrusting steel. When the building first opened in 1930, it had a viewing
18
Chapter 4
2013
In 2013, the Chrysler Building is 90%
chrome. The Sky Club on the 66th
owned by Abu Dhabi. They own
floor offers spectacular views, though
about $800 million of the Chrysler
it is inaccessable. The last time it
Building’s stakes. Abu Dhabi Investment
was refurbished was in the 1970s.
Council controls interest in the Art
About $100 million went into the
Deco tower and landmark. Tishman
three-year renovation. It included
Speyer Properties owns the other
erecting a retail pavillion on the
10% of the company since 1997.
East 42 nd Street under three glass
It controls the land beneath the
pyramids between the Chrysler
77-story tower, with its trademark
Building and the 32-story Kent
staniless steel crown, gargolyes
Building. After four years, Travelers
and elevator cabs that evoke the
sold its 75% stake for $300 million
chrome-laden autos of the 1930s.
to the German real estate fund,
Both companies are an arm of the
TMW. Today, it is recognized as New
Gulf emirate government, which
York City’s skylie. It is currently
tends to shun publicity. Though the
known as a “growing trophy case.”
building itself stands beautifully, the
Many investors flood into investing
current situation inside the building
into the Chrysler Building.
doesn’t always go smoothly. Aside from the unfortunate situations that go inside the building, the interior still surpasses the problems that goes on. The interior of the lobby features an African marble and Top right: The pyramid style windows that was owned by Tishman Speyer. Middle: Stairway that can be seen throughout the Chrysler Buildings structure. Bottom Left: View from below the Pyramidal structure by Tishman Speyer.
19
20
Chapter 4
2013
In 2013, the Chrysler Building is 90%
chrome. The Sky Club on the 66th
owned by Abu Dhabi. They own
floor offers spectacular views, though
about $800 million of the Chrysler
it is inaccessable. The last time it
Building’s stakes. Abu Dhabi Investment
was refurbished was in the 1970s.
Council controls interest in the Art
About $100 million went into the
Deco tower and landmark. Tishman
three-year renovation. It included
Speyer Properties owns the other
erecting a retail pavillion on the
10% of the company since 1997.
East 42 nd Street under three glass
It controls the land beneath the
pyramids between the Chrysler
77-story tower, with its trademark
Building and the 32-story Kent
staniless steel crown, gargolyes
Building. After four years, Travelers
and elevator cabs that evoke the
sold its 75% stake for $300 million
chrome-laden autos of the 1930s.
to the German real estate fund,
Both companies are an arm of the
TMW. Today, it is recognized as New
Gulf emirate government, which
York City’s skylie. It is currently
tends to shun publicity. Though the
known as a “growing trophy case.”
building itself stands beautifully, the
Many investors flood into investing
current situation inside the building
into the Chrysler Building.
doesn’t always go smoothly. Aside from the unfortunate situations that go inside the building, the interior still surpasses the problems that goes on. The interior of the lobby features an African marble and Top right: The pyramid style windows that was owned by Tishman Speyer. Middle: Stairway that can be seen throughout the Chrysler Buildings structure. Bottom Left: View from below the Pyramidal structure by Tishman Speyer.
19
20
Chapter 4
2013
In 2013, the Chrysler Building is 90%
chrome. The Sky Club on the 66th
owned by Abu Dhabi. They own
floor offers spectacular views, though
about $800 million of the Chrysler
it is inaccessable. The last time it
Building’s stakes. Abu Dhabi Investment
was refurbished was in the 1970s.
Council controls interest in the Art
About $100 million went into the
Deco tower and landmark. Tishman
three-year renovation. It included
Speyer Properties owns the other
erecting a retail pavillion on the
10% of the company since 1997.
East 42 nd Street under three glass
It controls the land beneath the
pyramids between the Chrysler
77-story tower, with its trademark
Building and the 32-story Kent
staniless steel crown, gargolyes
Building. After four years, Travelers
and elevator cabs that evoke the
sold its 75% stake for $300 million
chrome-laden autos of the 1930s.
to the German real estate fund,
Both companies are an arm of the
TMW. Today, it is recognized as New
Gulf emirate government, which
York City’s skylie. It is currently
tends to shun publicity. Though the
known as a “growing trophy case.”
building itself stands beautifully, the
Many investors flood into investing
current situation inside the building
into the Chrysler Building.
doesn’t always go smoothly. Aside from the unfortunate situations that go inside the building, the interior still surpasses the problems that goes on. The interior of the lobby features an African marble and
The Chrysler Building is an iconic building, known to all people. With the influence of the aesthetically pleasing, structure of art.
19
Tip of the spire: 1046 ft.
e Art Deco period, this building has become an
20
Chapter 4
2013
In 2013, the Chrysler Building is 90%
chrome. The Sky Club on the 66th
owned by Abu Dhabi. They own
floor offers spectacular views, though
about $800 million of the Chrysler
it is inaccessable. The last time it
Building’s stakes. Abu Dhabi Investment
was refurbished was in the 1970s.
Council controls interest in the Art
About $100 million went into the
Deco tower and landmark. Tishman
three-year renovation. It included
Speyer Properties owns the other
erecting a retail pavillion on the
10% of the company since 1997.
East 42 nd Street under three glass
It controls the land beneath the
pyramids between the Chrysler
77-story tower, with its trademark
Building and the 32-story Kent
staniless steel crown, gargolyes
Building. After four years, Travelers
and elevator cabs that evoke the
sold its 75% stake for $300 million
chrome-laden autos of the 1930s.
to the German real estate fund,
Both companies are an arm of the
TMW. Today, it is recognized as New
Gulf emirate government, which
York City’s skylie. It is currently
tends to shun publicity. Though the
known as a “growing trophy case.”
building itself stands beautifully, the
Many investors flood into investing
current situation inside the building
into the Chrysler Building.
doesn’t always go smoothly. Aside from the unfortunate situations that go inside the building, the interior still surpasses the problems that goes on. The interior of the lobby features an African marble and
The Chrysler Building is an iconic building, known to all people. With the influence of the aesthetically pleasing, structure of art.
19
Tip of the spire: 1046 ft.
e Art Deco period, this building has become an
20
Architect William Van Alen tricks his rival and former partner, H. Craig Severance, into losing the race for the tallest building in the world. Severance had just completed 40 Wall Street to 927 feet, making sure to surpass Van Alen’s announced plans for the Chrysler Building at 925 feet. But Van Alen had been secretly constructing a 185foot spire inside the Chrysler Building. Steelworkers pushed the spire through the roof and riveted it into place within 90 minutes, making the Chrysler Building the tallest building in the world by a comfortable margin. Completion of the Chrysler Building in Manhattan by William Van Alen. As requested by its sponsor, Walter P. Chrysler, it is the tallest
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, pubBorn in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 1883, William Van Alen studied at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and later worked in the office of Clarence True. In 1908, Van Alen won the Paris Prize in Architecture, the highest award granted by the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, in a competition for the design of a theater. The Paris Prize included a fellowship to study at the Ecole des BeauxArts in Paris, where Van Alen became a student in the atelier of Victor Laloux. In 1911, Van Alen returned to New York, where in 1914 he opened an architecture practice with H. Craig Severance. The firm designed several retail shops and restaurants in New York until 1925, when Van Alen and Severance ended their
Born in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 1883, William Van Alen studied at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and later worked in the office of Clarence True. In 1908, Van Alen won the Paris Prize in Architecture, the highest award granted by the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, in a competition for the design of a theater. The Paris Prize included a fellowship to study at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where Van Alen became a student in the atelier of Victor Laloux. In 1911, Van Alen returned to New York, where in 1914 he opened an architecture practice with H. Craig Severance. The firm designed several retail shops and restaurants in New York until 1925, when Van Alen and Severance ended their part-
Although the Chrysler Building is now a beloved New York City icon, Van Alen did not benefit from its glory. Walter Chrysler and Van Alen were known to have had a contentious relationship, and when the Chrysler Building opened in 1930 Van Alen’s name went unmentioned. Van Alen experimented with speculative prefabricated housing for National Housing, Inc. in the mid-1930s, however very little is known about any later
Architect William Van Alen tricks his rival and former partner, H. Craig Severance, into losing the race for the tallest building in the world. Severance had just completed 40 Wall Street to 927 feet, making sure to surpass Van Alen’s announced plans for the Chrysler Building at 925 feet. But Van Alen had been secretly constructing a 185foot spire inside the Chrysler Building. Steelworkers pushed the spire through the roof and riveted it into place within 90 minutes, making the Chrysler Building the tallest building in the world by a comfortable margin. Completion of the Chrysler Building in Manhattan by William Van Alen. As requested by its sponsor, Walter P. Chrysler, it is the tallest
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, pubBorn in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 1883, William Van Alen studied at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and later worked in the office of Clarence True. In 1908, Van Alen won the Paris Prize in Architecture, the highest award granted by the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, in a competition for the design of a theater. The Paris Prize included a fellowship to study at the Ecole des BeauxArts in Paris, where Van Alen became a student in the atelier of Victor Laloux. In 1911, Van Alen returned to New York, where in 1914 he opened an architecture practice with H. Craig Severance. The firm designed several retail shops and restaurants in New York until 1925, when Van Alen and Severance ended their
Born in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 1883, William Van Alen studied at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and later worked in the office of Clarence True. In 1908, Van Alen won the Paris Prize in Architecture, the highest award granted by the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, in a competition for the design of a theater. The Paris Prize included a fellowship to study at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where Van Alen became a student in the atelier of Victor Laloux. In 1911, Van Alen returned to New York, where in 1914 he opened an architecture practice with H. Craig Severance. The firm designed several retail shops and restaurants in New York until 1925, when Van Alen and Severance ended their part-
Although the Chrysler Building is now a beloved New York City icon, Van Alen did not benefit from its glory. Walter Chrysler and Van Alen were known to have had a contentious relationship, and when the Chrysler Building opened in 1930 Van Alen’s name went unmentioned. Van Alen experimented with speculative prefabricated housing for National Housing, Inc. in the mid-1930s, however very little is known about any later
A R
C
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, public programs, publications, and interactive platforms in turn promote public engagement with the Institute.
H
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, public programs, publications, and interactive platforms in turn promote public engagement with the Institute.
A R
C
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, public programs, publications, and interactive platforms in turn promote public engagement with the Institute.
H
In 1995, the Institute was named in honor of William Van Alen, architect of the Chrysler Building and recipient of the Institute’s 1908-1909 Paris Prize. Since that time, Van Alen Institute has focused its work on the evolving role of architecture in the public realm while continuing to cultivate a fellowship of practitioners and scholars and award excellence in design. Today, Van Alen Institute is dedicated to critical inquiry surrounding contemporary forms of public space. Our public design competitions and related programming serve as valuable forums for both established and emerging voices to shape the ongoing debate about design in the public realm. Lectures, public programs, publications, and interactive platforms in turn promote public engagement with the Institute.