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Ayers, Andrew. “Romantic Deliria: On Viollet-Le-Duc’s Architectural Vision.” Architectural Review, July 21, 2020. https://www.architectural-review.com/essays/exhibitions/romantic-deliria-on-viollet-le-ducs-architectural-vision/.

Bottoms, Edward. Interview by author. In person. London, February 18, 2022.

Bressani, Martin. “Notes on Viollet-Le-Duc’s Philosophy of History: Dialectics and Technology.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 48, no. 4 (1989): 327–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/990453.

Caillois, Roger. Man, Play, and Games. Germany: Langen-Müller, 1958.

Carlhian, Jean Paul. “The Ecole Des Beaux-Arts: Modes and Manners.” JAE 33, no. 2 (1979): 7–17. https://doi. org/10.2307/1424347.

Cret, Paul P. “The Ecole Des Beaux-Arts and Architectural Education.” Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians 1, no. 2 (1941): 3–15. https://doi.org/10.2307/901128.

Fallace, Thomas. “The Savage Origins of Child-Centered Pedagogy, 1871-1913.” American Educational Research Journal 52, no. 1 (2015): 73–103. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24546722.

Fröbel, Friedrich. The Education of Man. London: Sidney Appleton, 1887.

Gielen, Pascal. “Playing with the Rules of Play: The Spirit of the Avant-Garde in Arts Education.” The Journal of Aesthetic Education 52, no. 4 (2018): 69–82. https://doi.org/10.5406/jaesteduc.52.4.0069.

Huizinga, Johan. Homo Ludens. Netherlands: H. D. Tjeenk Willink, 1938.

Koss, Juliet. “Bauhaus Theater of Human Dolls.” The Art Bulletin 85, no. 4 (2003): 724–45. https://doi. org/10.2307/3177367.

Logan, Frederick M. “Kindergarten and Bauhaus.” College Art Journal 10, no. 1 (1950): 36–43. https://doi. org/10.2307/772366.

Montessori, Maria. The Absorbent Mind. Adyar: Theosophical Publishing House, 1949.

Wilson, Stuart. “The ‘Gifts’ of Friedrich Froebel.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 26, no. 4 (1967): 238–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/988449.

“Oskar Schlemmer’s Ballet of Geometry – in Pictures.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, November 24, 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2016/nov/24/oskar-schlemmers-ballet-of-geometry-in-pictures.

IMAGE SOURCES

Title Image: Schlemmer, Oskar, “Triadic Ballet, 1926” Facing History. https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/ gallery/free-expression-weimar-republic.

Fig. 1: “Architecture Atelier, École des Beaux-Arts, 1937. Livre Grande Masse des Beaux-Arts 1937, Paris.” Drawing Matter. 29 April 2021. https://drawingmatter.org/the-beaux-arts-tradition/.

Fig. 2: “Dramatic Criticism.” The Architect and Building News. 24 December 1945. AA Archives, London.

Fig. 3: “Who’s Who.” The Programme of 3 Sisters St Leger. 1956. AA Archives, London.

Fig. 4: “Unknown AA Pantomime.” AA Archives, London.

Fig. 5: Wilson, Stuart. “Kindergarten play. Manipulative exercises (from F. Froebel, Pedagogics of the Kindergarten.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 26, no. 4 (1967): 238–41. https://doi.org/10.2307/988449, figure 1.

Fig. 6: Schlemmer, Oskar, “Diagram of the Gesture Dance.” Cent Magazine. https://centmagazine.co.uk/trim-bauhausballet/

Fig. 7: Schlemmer, Oskar, “Group photo of Triadisches Ballett.” Bauhaus-archiv Museum für Gestaltung. https://www. bauhaus.de/en/sammlung/highlights/214_buehne/382.

Fig. 8: “AA Pantomime.” 1928. AA Archives, London.