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2378256
ISSUE 11
2378261
in bloom
Controlling the blue-green algae problem
This NOAA satellite photo from October 2011 shows the blue-green algae’s effect on Lake Erie.
BY BECKY BROOKS BVUnews@civitasmedia.com Despite the massive bluegreen algae bloom in Lake Erie in 2011, Ohio experts are hopeful that voluntary efforts by those in the agricultural industry can avoid a similar situation in 2013 and future years. The algae bloom in 2012 was far smaller, but experts say that is because the region saw a drought – significantly reducing the levels of the phosphorous and nitrates applied to farmlands
University of Toledo, Lake Erie Center, said the algae bloom results from warm conditions in late summer when there is a high concentration of nutrients in the lake water. Bridgeman said the bluegreen algae produces a toxin. “Toxins can be harmful to anyone,” Bridgeman stated. “The municipalities along the lake have to spend extra funds to remove the toxins from the water during blooms.” It affected communities and lake life in multiple negative
and septic tanks. Reutter said the load of phosphorous that went into Lake Erie during four months in 2011 was a record load. “The bloom we got that year was a record bloom. It was 2.5 times larger than we had ever seen. “It covered water basins between Sandusky and Fairport,” he added, noting it cover a region affecting the communities of 2.5 million people. “We had tremendous rainfall and runoff in 2011,” Bridgeman pointed out. It is the rain and runoff from April through part of June that results in the blue-green algae bloom growing in mid-July or August depending on the heat. “2012 was much better,” he stressed. “The algae was much smaller, and we think that is a result of a lower rain fall during those critical spring months.” Reutter said the phosphorous runoff last spring was less than 10 percent of what researchers had seen in 2011. “There was very little runoff, because there was never any rain,” he commented. “In 2012, we had the drought in the spring. It was like the complete reverse of 2011.” The drought showed experts that a massive reduction in phosphorus runoff would result in little to no algae bloom in the late summer. “All the things we had been predicting came true,” Reutter said. Although the lake seemed to recover in a year’s time – Bridgeman commented that is a false security. “Lake Erie is in trouble that is for sure,” he said. Bridgeman warned that due to global warming – scientists believe that years like 2011 with
“2012 was much better. The algae was much smaller, and we think that is a result of a lower rain fall during those critical spring months.” – Thomas Bridgeman Associate Professor, Dept. of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo
from entering the watersheds and rivers around the lake. While leading experts have developed a model that was accurate in predicting the small bloom in the summer of 2012 – it is still too early this year to predict what Lake Erie faces this summer. Jeffrey M. Reutter, Ph.D., the director of the Ohio Sea Grant College Program and Stone Laboratory on Lake Erie’s Gilbraltar Island, has been speaking to various groups throughout Ohio and the Lake Erie region concerning bluegreen algae or cyanobacteria. There are six to seven types of harmful algae which fall into this group. The most harmful algae in the group is “microcystis”. The 2011 blue-green algae bloom was the worst year experts in the field have on record for Lake Erie. Thomas Bridgeman, Ph.D., associate professor Department of Environmental Sciences,
ways in 2011. Besides toxins, the bloom results odor and floating blooms that are not supportive of the organisms that support fish life. As one example, Reutter pointed out that the City of Toledo had to spend an extra $4,000 per day during the 2011 bloom to treat water coming into its lake intake. What is more - the size of the algae bloom is directly connected to Ohio agriculture. The reason 2011 saw a record bloom was there were record rains in the spring resulting a massive runoff of farm fertilizers into rivers and tributaries to Lake Erie, he reported. In a recent program on the impact of algae on wildlife, Reutter noted that two-thirds of the phosphorus going into Lake Erie is coming from agriculture today. The other one-third is coming from several sources: Sewage treatment plants, lawn fertilizer runoff, water treatment plants
higher spring rain levels could become more common and without changes in agriculture so massive algae blooms also will be common. “These large algae blooms may become the rule rather than exception if nothing else is done to curb runoff.” He pointed out that the State of Ohio has a $10 billion tourist industry associated with Lake Erie and of that $1.5 billion is related to sports fishing in the Great Lake on the north end of the state. Reutter saw up close the results of the algae bloom in 2011 – photographs of the Sea Grant boats show a wake of bubbling blue-green algae. Tourists who came to Lake Erie for the summer were disappointed with what they found in the water and on the beaches. Both men said that the charter boat organizations reported drops in business. Reutter said he has been told that 100 charter services closed as a result of the 2011 bloom. A total economical impact study has not been completed the men said. Since 2011, efforts were made to create a model to predict the next massive bloom and to educate farmers about fertilizer applications. In 2012, Reutter said data was collected by the Ohio State Stone Lab, University of Toledo, and Heidelberg College of Tiffin. With the efforts of those groups and Richard Stumpf, Ph.D. of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, experts were able to predict a smaller bloom in 2012. “We did that in July 2012,” he said, nothing a public prediction was made so that tourists could be encouraged to return to the Lake Erie last summer. Reutter, like Bridgeman, explained that how Lake Erie would be impacted this year cannot yet be predicted until July 2013. It will depend on the rain levels this spring as well as how effective education of the Ohio
agriculture industry has been. “If we have a wet year, if a lot of phosphorous goes in, we would have a bad bloom,” he said. But both Reutter and Bridgeman are optimistic about progress being made with Ohio farmers. “There has been a lot of work done with the Ag community, urging them to modify their fertilizing and modifying their practices,” Reutter commented. “I expect to start seeing some results from those education efforts probably this year,” he added. “That will also help this bloom to be smaller than past blooms.” Reutter said the state seems to be going in the right direction. “We have to do more,” he added. “We have to get more farmers to adopt best management practices.” Those BMP include nutrient management, crop rotations, cover crops, conservation tillage, filter and buffer strips, controlled drainage and wetland restoration. He commented that efforts to educate and to change phosphorus and nutrient levels flowing into farm runoff are being supported by the farm bureau, The Ohio State University Extension, NRCS, Sea Grant and even some of the certified crop advisory groups - plus the Andersons in Northwest Ohio. Reutter said he is chairman of a subcommittee of the Ohio Phosphorus Task Force that is building target load limits that would solve the problem facing Lake Erie. In March, proposed limits were presented and supported by members. Reutter pointed out that algae can be a deadly problem and that blue-green algae blooms have resulted in deaths in South America. “We are among the leaders in trying to solve the problem and CONTINUED ON PAGE 13
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
Of Northwestern Ohio Publisher — Devin Hamilton dhamilton@civitasmedia.com Editor-in-Chief — Gary Brock gbrock@civitasmedia.com Editor — Gregg Rettig grettig@civitasmedia.com
Advertising: advertising@acresmidwest.com Delaware: 740-363-1161 Scott Koon, Advertising Director skoon@civitasmedia.com Serving Union, Marion, Delaware counties Bellevue: 419-483-7410 Rick Miller, Publisher Serving Ottawa, Sandusky, Seneca, Erie, Huron counties Galion: 419-468-1117 Vicki Taylor, Publisher Serving Crawford, Richland counties Mt. Gilead: 419-946-3010 Vicki Taylor, Publisher Serving Morrow, Knox counties Wauseon: 419-335-2010 Janice May, General Manager Serving Lucas and Henry counties Roy Slater, Regional Advertising Consultant 419-295-1009 rslater@civitasmedia.com Serving Hardin, Wyandot, Hancock, Putnam, Wood counties Subscriptions B.A. Wells, Circulation Manager (740) 852-1616 bwells@civitasmedia.com Contact ACRES of North Central Ohio: 55 West High Street / London, OH 43140 (740) 852-1616 ACRES of Northwestern Ohio is published monthly by Ohio Community Media, LLC and is available through the Delaware Gazette, Bellevue Gazette, Galion Inquirer, Morrow County Sentinel, Oberlin News Tribune, Fulton County Expositor and The Madison Press. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction of any material from this issue in whole or in part is prohibited. ACRES of Northwestern Ohio are available for purchase at each of the newspapers offices for $1/copy or contact us to subscribe. Subscriptions are $19.95 per year. Please Buy Locally & Recycle.
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Farmers feel the pinch of government By GARY BROCK Ohio’s farmers are frustrated. Not only do they have to face - every day the “normal� challenges of being farmers, they must also face wave after wave of changes, regulations, new paperwork and new expenses coming from Columbus and Washington. While I have no doubt that some of these new regulations are necessary, it Gary seems that as we enter what some are calling a “Golden Age� in Ohio farming, our government is taking this opportunity to tighten regulations and expand their controls over what farmers do every day. In the March edition of ACRES, there were several stories about new federal food safety requirements and Ohio water quality regulations. The water quality issues involved fertilizer runoff for the most part. Part of what has made some — perhaps many — farmers unhappy is the assumption made in Columbus from the Ohio EPA, the USDA and and ODNR (the three agencies assigned by Gov. Kasich
last year with fixing Ohio’s water quality problems) that much of the problem came from Ohio’s farmers. At a February seminar for farmers in Fayette County, an Ohio State Extension representative made it clear that like it or not, “it is what it is� regarding these runoff issues and the need for Ohio’s farmers to change. That may well be. But farmers certainly are not liking it. A couple Brock weeks ago, I received an email from one Greene County farmer who was not happy with the blame for the state’s water quality issues being place, even in part, on Ohio’s farmers. He wanted to remain anonymous, but here is what he shared with me in his email: �Having read your remarks in the ACRES paper last month I think someone should ask these fine government folks who seem to have all the correct answers some questions. Would it not seem correct to have some tests showing just when and where the phosphorous is entering the streams? Just because phosphorous has been “pointed�
to would it not be correct for the media to ask who is doing the pointing, where do they get their information, how do they get it, what makes them think it is correct, when did they get this information gathered, what tests have been done at the outlets into the lakes and streams from the sewage and storm water discharge pipes from the cities and towns, or is it simply cheaper to blame the farmer and not fix any of the other source points because of cost, politics, or gross vote totals? “These people are aces at avoiding direct answers and of course there is always the old saying that if your repeat a lie often enough it becomes the truth. That and no organized opposition makes it become even easier. Just because the speaker is from Ohio State does not mean he has done the proper background work and that is the reason there needs to be questions — and no slack answers. Just the place the media is supposed to fill —- From my position I know we are not using nearly as much phosphorous as we used to — if for no other reason than cost, and now with global positioning and computers many farmers are only applying where fertilizer is actually needed and of course there are many more acres of no till — how does that add up to more loss
into the water? “As we continue to allow government to regulate and force laws upon us, where does it stop? Our freedoms are being lost almost on a daily basis, I would submit to you it cannot continue down this path for long — go and read the history of the last 10 years before the Civil War, it will make you think— or at least it should. Remember, some day it will be your turn to take the heat from government - will there be anybody left who cares?� Clearly this farmer is frustrated with the fingerpointing coming from Columbus and Washington toward our farmers. I agree that there are times when regulations are needed, and our water and quality must be protected at all costs. However, the response and regulations must be measured and appropriate. Are the regulations and new requirements an over-reaction? Are farmers seen as an “easy target� from politicians in Columbus who can force these changes on rural communities and then they they “are doing something� to solve the problem? I don’t think there is much doubt about the answer to that question. Gary Brock is editor of ACRES of Southwest Ohio.
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
3
Are you flood-smart? BY MATT ECHELBERRY mechelberry@civitasmedia.com
OHIO DNR
A barred owl peeks at the camera near the Celeryville Reservoir in Crawford County.
Pop quiz: What is the most common natural disaster in the United States? Some might answer tornadoes or forest fires, but statistically flooding takes the winning slot as the most common. According to www.floodsmart.gov, from 2002 to 2011 flood insurance claims averaged more than $2.9 billion per year across the country. In 2011, Ohio ranked 10th in the nation for amount of flood damage claims. A curious reader might ask what organizations work to prevent flooding, since it is so prevalent and costly. In Ohio, conservancy districts were established to do just that, along with a variety of other tasks such as regulating stream channels and stream flow, reclaiming wetlands and managing irrigation. Many conservancy districts also provide recreational opportunities in connection with their water management facilities. The Ohio Department of Resources website (www.dnr.state.oh.us) explains that conservancy districts “are political subdivisions of the State of Ohio, provided for in the
Ohio Revised Code (ORC) under Chapter 6101. They are formed at the initiative of local landowners or political subdivisions to solve water management problems, most frequently flooding.” The state’s first district was established in 1915: The Miami Conservancy District, after a catastrophic flood hit Dayton and surrounding communities. One-hundred years ago, the waters of the Great Miami River in southwest Ohio and its tributary streams overflowed. A website dedicated to the history of the flood, www.1913flood.com, details the event. Beginning on March 23, 1913, 9-11 inches of rain hit the Miami Valley within a three-day period, creating “a natural disaster unparalleled in the region’s history.” Water reached as high as 20 feet in some areas, according to some accounts; 300-400 people died and estimated property damage was reported to be over $100 million (more than $2 billion in today’s currency). Citizens rallied for the prevention of future flooding. As a result, the Conservancy Act was passed by the Ohio General
Assembly in 1914, which permitted the creation of regional flood protection agencies. The Miami Conservancy District was created four months later, and has been one of the most effective and successful conservancy districts created. Both of their flood control programs have been financed entirely with local funding. According to the MCD website (www.miamiconservancy.org), today it protects tens of thousands of people in 40 municipalities, more than 48,000 properties in five counties, and more than $5.1 billion worth of buildings and land. Since 1915, 57 conservancy districts in total have been created. Today, 20 of them are still active after some were dissolved or merged. The Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District is the largest in Ohio and the next largest is the Maumee Watershed Conservancy District. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Soil & Water Resources assists conservancy districts in an advisory capacity, and serves as a point of contact for conservancy districts seeking state and federal assistance.
ACTIVE CONSERVANCY DISTRICTS Black Brook Conservancy District 11968 Mantua Center Road Mantua, Ohio 44255-9303 phone: 330-562-9010 Celeryville Conservancy District 111 Myrtle Avenue Willard, Ohio 44890 phone: 419-935-0171 Chickamauga Watershed Conservancy District 111 Jackson Pike Gallipolis, Ohio 45631-1569 phone: 740-446-6173 East Fork Buck Creek Conservancy District 6874 State Route 54 Mechanicsburg, Ohio 43044 phone: 937-828-1004 Hocking Conservancy District 560 West Union Street Athens, Ohio 45701-2331 phone: 740-592-1792
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
TheChinaconnection By GARY BROCK gbrock@civitasmedia.com
T
here isn’t one thing Ohio farmers need to know about China’s affect on Ohio agriculture. There are two. And while Ohio State University’s retired international agriculture economist Dr. Allan Lines says Ohio farmers are all too familiar with the affect China has on the price of corn and soybeans they receive - most Ohioans are not aware of two more important factors in the “Ohio - China Connection” that will impact the future of Ohio farming. “Ohio farmers need to be more aware of the behemoth that constitutes Chinese agricultural production, eclipsing most other countries in the world in the production of many commodities, and doing it on a limited amount of land” Dr. Lines said. The second factor, and the one that will have a major impact on the future of American farming, is what Dr. Lines says is the “changing diets” in the world’s largest country. China’s population is approximately 1.35 billion people - almost one out of four people on Earth. That population’s eating habits are changing, brought on in part by
America’s importing “fast food” restaurants by the thousands in the last two decades and a rising economy. As a result, Dr. Lines says Chinese citizens are eating less grain, fewer vegetables and more meat. When rolled together, the limited amount of land and the increasing need for “animal protein” in China will cause a huge jump in agricultural imports from the United States to China in coming years. “Ohio farmers need to better understand the limits to farm production in China land, water and the environment,” Dr. Lines said. It may surprise many Ohioans that China, the world’s largest nation in land mass, is mostly desert. In fact, he says that China’s “tillable” land is about two-thirds of the United States’ available land for farming. “If you go west of Beijing, you move into a desert region,” he said. “And that desert region is moving east.” He said this was partly caused by climate change and partly by mismanagement of the Mongolian plains area. He said years ago, Russia tried to transform this huge region in a new “wheat belt” - with disastrous results. The region dried up, and is expanding. Dr. Lines also said China has serious air quality problems
and very serious water quality problems. However, he adds that China’s government is denying it has any of these problems. So the problems aren't going away any time soon. And then there is the change in diet of the Chinese people. It is that change, coupled with growing restrictions on China’s ability to farm its own land, that will create great opportunities for Ohio’s farmers. “Up until the 1980s, the Chinese people were essentially vegetarians. The start of the change was switching from rice boiled in water to rice cooked with soy oil,” he said. What caused the biggest change in this Communist-run society was American Capitalism. As American companies began buying more inexpensive products from China, the incomes of Chinese workers began to rapidly increase (at least comparably). And for the first time, the average Chinese citizen could afford to buy something that in the past was an unobtainable luxury - meat. And buy it they did, according to Dr. Lines. “It started with chicken, pork and eggs and has progressed to dairy and beef,” he said. He added that CONTINUED ON PAGE 9
One word: Alfalfa By GARY BROCK gbrock@civitasmedia.com ow Ohio farmers capitalize on the ever -growing HWhe agricultural needs of China?
n asked by ACRES what one thing Ohio farmers could do to make money on China’s grow ing needs for American farm exports, retired Ohio State international agriculture economist Dr. Allan Lines said it in one word - alfalfa. The world’s largest nation is going to need more and more of it. Dr. Lines says China wants the best quality alfalfa that they can find. And he says the Chinese are willing to pay a premium price for it. Why alfalfa? China has limited land resources, and a growing demand for beef and dairy products. Dr. Lines says that going into the future, China has no way of feeding properly the beef and dairy cattle in their country. “With the growth of beef and dairy facil ities in China, they do not have the ability to provide the forage for the animals,” Dr. Lines said. He said there is a great opportunity here for Ohio farmers, a community and/or an entre preneur to “get into the dried alfalfa business.” He said farmers here in Ohio could prov ide the pellet/wafer alfalfa for China. CONTINUED ON PAGE 10
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
5
Seedlings sales allows nut farmers to see the forest for the trees BY DIANA SHARP Most people are familiar with the idiom, “You can’t see the forest for the trees.” Well, it’s spring and one could declare a similar statement, “You can’t see the forest for the seedlings.” With the approach of Arbor Day, slated for the last Friday in April, tree sales are in full-swing. Spring is a busy time for
farmers. As we near the end of sugaring season and the production of maple syrup draws to a close, another group of Ohio’s niche farmers is busy thinking ahead. The Ohio Nut Growers Association (ONGA) spring meeting and scion swap will be held Sunday, April 14, at the Kingwood Center, 900 Park Ave. W., in Mansfield. This is a time for area growers to come
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together to learn about scientific advancements in grafting, marketing and promotion of nuts, to buy seedlings for their operations and to enter their nuts in the Ohio State Fair. More importantly, this time of year is the best to consider planting trees after a cold winter. The Clear Fork Valley will be represented at this meeting by local grower Bud Leurs of the Village of Butler. He owns a nut farm that specializes in Black Walnuts. He currently serves as a trustee on the ONGA board and was featured farmer in the 2007 book entitled Farms and Foods of Ohio from Garden Gate to Dinner Plate written by Marilou Suszko from Hippocrene Books. Nuts are one of nature’s super foods. While readers may be most familiar with English Walnuts, which are known for their mild flavor and a shell that is easier to crack, harder shell nuts like
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Hickory or Black Walnut have gained tremendous popularity among foodies in recent years. The slow food movement has created a market for these nuts that larger food processes just didn’t want to deal with, hard shells and messiness. That is black walnuts stain ones hands. Leurs’ nut farm located in Richland County on Opposum Run Road, just North of the Village of Bellville has grafted trees bearing nut fruits, including delicate butternut, the Chinese Chestnut, hazelnuts, hickories,hicans, heartnuts, Japanese butternut, in addition to his main crop the black walnut. The black Walnut is native to Ohio, once a staple in Native American’s diets. While it has the buttery, nutty flavors of the
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English Walnut, the black is favored because of it’s richness in flavor, it’s earthiness and it’s bitter undertones. “I have good success selling at the farmers’ market in Bellville,” says Leurs. “It is a hobby that has gotten out of control. I have planted over 2000 black walnut trees over the years.” According to Ohio.org, it is common for farmers and other smallscale growers to sell black walnuts locally for anywhere between $8 and $10 a pound for black walnut meats. Leurs’ 26 acre farm that surrounds his home contains over 100 grafted Black Walnut Trees and over 600 seedlings. It is important during harvest time to collect the nuts as they fall. If they are to sit too long, the shells may get too hard. This isn’t the only chal-
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lenge to growing nuts. The Clear Fork Valley is often 12 degrees cooler then neighboring counties. While this is good news for the area ski resorts, it leaves Leurs’ trees vulnerable to frost. Disease is also a threat. “There is a black walnut disease going around called thousand canker disease. It is coming in from the west coast and killing all the walnuts there. It has been found in southwest Ohio in some wood found there,” according to Leurs. At this time of year there are typically a number of sources for seedlings. In Richland County, the Clear Fork FFFA is teaming up with the Soil and Water Conservation Department on Friday, April 12 and Saturday April 13, to sell tree seedlings at the Richland County Fairgrounds Nature Park. Available species will include evergreens, such as, Colorado blue spruce, Norway spruce, white pine, canaan fir, Canadian hemlock, and arborvitae. In addition large trees will be offered: white oak, red oak, sugar maple, persimmon, black walnut and tulip tree. Threebroad-leaf shrubs will also be sold, the common paw paw and Ohio buckeye. New this year will be a wildlife packet. Birdhouses made by the FFA will also be for sale for $10. The sale begins at 9 a.m. of Friday and ends at 6 p.m. On Saturday, April 13, the sale will be held from 8 a.m. until 1 p.m. Call your local county soil and water conservation department to learn of similar sales in your area. Bud, a retired General Motors worker runs his farm with his wife Marilyn; together they are very active in the OGNA. For more information concerning the upcoming meeting, visit www.onga.org
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
Rise in farmland rental rates adds to local growers concerns BY RANDA WAGNER Morrow County Sentinel The songbirds are drifting back into Ohio, the days are gradually warming, and the planting season is fast approaching. Farming, in itself, has unique issues, and each year brings new challenges. One of the issues affecting Morrow County growers this Spring is the increase in cash rent rates with property owners. Many property owners have land they rent to local growers to farm. Rather than sit idle, the land can be a food source as well as revenue for both the renter and the ‘landlord.’ The renter and land owner settle on a price per acre, and everybody’s happy. But in the past two years, land rent has gone up substantially. Many farmers are being outbid for land they had long been renting. “With corn prices over $6.50 per bushel and soybeans over $14 per bushel, farmers are aggressively trying to acquire more land either by purchasing or renting it,” said Chad Endsley, Ohio Farm Bureau’s director of agricultural law. In the Morrow County area, ads have appeared offering $225 or $250 an acre to farm the land. That’s a tempting price for property owners, who now have to decide if they should switch to a new renter or keep the one they have and raise their rent. “There’s been a lot of land change hands this year,” a local agent said in March. “Landowners have new operators or ground is being sold.” In Morrow County, over half the farmland is rented out
for farming. Another reason why rental rates may be going up, Endsley said in a Feb. 24 article for the Ohio Farm Bureau, is the recent increase in the Current Agricultural Use Valuation (CAUV). Some landowners may be trying to make up for the higher CAUV taxes by increasing their land rental rates. Crop profitability along with low interest rates have been the primary drivers in this unprecedented run-up in cropland values, says Barry Ward, Leader, Production Business Management, OSU Extension, Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics. The relative scarcity of farmland has also been a driver in cropland values. Additionally, the Federal Reserve has indicated that it plans to maintain current low interest rates through mid-2015. The increase in grain prices has also affected hay growers. “As far as grains go, the pressure is on to grow grains,” says Jeff McCutcheon, OSU Extension Agent for Morrow County. “People are looking to convert more hay farmland to grow grain crops. The observation is, where hay ground was to be planted, it’s committed to crops such as corn and soybeans.”
There’s a need for forage, McCutcheon explains, because producers did not cull herds as hard in Ohio as they did in western states. Some factors to keep in mind, says Kent Thiesse in an article for Corn and Soybean Digest in October, is crop input costs for seed, fertilizer, chemicals, fuel and crop drying are likely to be higher in 2013, after an increase of about 1020% for the 2011 and 2012 crop years. He goes on to say local cash prices for fall 2012 were below $6/bu. for corn and below $13/bu. for soybeans at most locations in southern Minnesota. At normal yields and cost of production, many producers will be looking at breakeven market prices for 2013 near $5/bu. for corn and $12/bu. for soybeans. These price levels, or even lower, could become reality with more normal crop weather patterns across the U.S. during the 2013 growing season. Many farm operators are concerned that if land rental rates become too high for 2013, it may be very difficult to break even next year, if there is a much larger level of U.S. crop production and lower grain prices. An alternative to the high cash rental rate problem for 2013, or
potentially even higher rental rates in the future, may be a flexible cash lease rental agreement. This arrangement allows the final cash rental rate to vary as crop yields and market prices vary, or as gross revenue per acre exceeds established targets. Thiesse explains the use of a flexible cash rental lease is potentially fairer to both the landlord and the farm operator, depending on how the flexible lease is set up. There are many variations to setting up a flexible lease agreement between a landlord and farm operator. The big key, regardless of the flexible lease agreement, is that both the landlord and tenant fully understand the rental agreement, and the calculations that are used to determine the final rental rate. It is extremely important that all aspects of a flexible land rental lease agreement be spelled out in detail in a written rental contract, which is signed by all parties. Successful flexible cash lease agreements, as well as normal land rental agreements, have always involved cooperation, trust and good communication between the farm operator and the landlord.
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
7
Bonhomie Acres’ sweet production By ZAK GRIMM Knox County Citizen
F
or four generations beginning with his grandfather, Dan and Kathie Brown of Waterford have been producing maple syrup on their farm, Bonhomie Acres. Interestingly, the name comes from the French word of the same, which means “goodnatured.” According to the Browns, the process of sugar-making from the sap of sugar maple trees began with many dairy farmers needing something else to occupy their time on their small farms. “It also grew into a way for communities to gather together,” Kathie says. In the past, maple sugar was used as a sweetener in foods, and also helped keep people from starvation when times were very tough. In later years, the idea of maple syrup being a viable alternative to more refined sugars took stronger root. “We’ve heard people who choose not to eat honey will eat maple syrup, because it comes from trees and not bees. That’s very interesting to us,” say the Browns. For the Browns, making
“pure” maple syrup means that throughout the entire process, nothing is added to the product to make it taste or look different. Since they began generations ago, they’ve successfully managed to create not only award-winning syrup products, but also popular maple sugar, as well as their newest venture, maple cream. During the typical six-week season of sugarmaking for the Brown family, they constantly have to adapt to the weather conditions, which are never the same from season to season. There are things they do to help ensure their sugarmaking process runs as efficiently as possible despite the changing weather conditions, such as routinely checking their tubing from tree to tree. The overall process of sugar-making has definitely changed since the Browns began their business. What was once a process involving horses to gather buckets on the property now included much more high-tech equipment like hundreds of feet of plastic tubing, a reverse osmosis machine, fuel oil, and an evaporator called a “piggy CONTINUED ON PAGE 11
PHOTO BY ZAK GRIMM
The pumphouse, a maple sap collection bucket and a portion of the main tube lines which snake through the property at Bonhomie Acres, home farm of Dan and Kathie Brown, producers of pure maple syrup.
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
BY DORIS A. BLACK For ACRES
RED HOT CHILI PEPPERS IN YOUR BACK YARD
If you are a hot pepper lover, nothing is better than growing your own. Filling your garden with green, orange, yellow, red or purple peppers makes a spectacular display and guarantees you’ll have just the right touch of “hot� when you need it. Peppers have long been relished for their flavorful properties. Originally from Brazil, pepper seeds were spread north by birds as they traveled their migratory paths. Spanish settlers and explorers of Mexico took hot pepper seeds to Europe and Asia, where they became a hot commodity in the spice trade. The first bottled cayenne sauce appeared on American soil in 1808 in Massachusetts. The first successful grower/producer of hot sauce was Edmund McIlhenney of Louisiana. In 1863, he recycled 350 cologne bottles and filled them with his own hot sauce. He sent these samples to a number of wholesalers and orders for more came pouring in by the thousands. This became Tabasco Sauce. In 1947, David Pace sold his sauce to grocery stores across the country only to have containers explode all over grocery shelves because he couldn’t get the formula right. This disaster became Pace Picante Sauce. Whether you grow Anaheim or Serrano peppers, a little knowledge and practice will go a long way.
Many of the varieties of peppers come from tropical regions of the world and perform best under hot, humid conditions, while others originate in hot, dry climates. Some hot pepper aficionados collect and plant peppers according to their color, hotness or country of origin, seeking out new varieties to try each year. Hot peppers can be grown in the garden from transplants or seeds or they can be grown in containers for year-round fruit. Here are some tips. Growing from transplants The highest-quality plants produce the highest yield of fruit. Hybrids are the best performers, but all hot pepper plants need to be “hardened off� before being placed in the garden by setting them outside one to two weeks. Keep them in the shade protected from harsh, drying winds and water them consistently. Be prepared to bring these tender plants indoors if temperatures are predicted to dip below 50 degrees. After the last frost date, they can be put in the garden — keep in mind they are heat lovers. Growing from Seeds When starting indoors, seeds perform best when planted in a seed starting mix versus potting soil, in either individual plastic pots or cell packs. Jiffy pots are not recommended because they can become sodden. Choose one with a slow release fertilizer to get
your seedlings off to a good start. Seeds should be planted shallowly, as deep as the size of the seed. Be sure to label each variety as you plant them. All peppers can germinate in the darkness, but they need a warm environment. Ideally, any location that produces a steady 85 degrees will work, but most growers use heat mats or heat cables so the temperature can be monitored. According to the experts, covering the pots to retain moisture can backfire, providing too much humidity and smothering the seeds. Pepper seeds need plenty of moving air to germinate. Placing a fan in the room for adequate ventilation is recommended.
Young plant care Once seeds germinate, reduce the temperature to 72 degrees and place seedlings under fluorescent lights. While young, the seedlings will require 12 to 16 hours of light per day. Experts recommend watering young plants from the bottom without letting them stand in water for extended periods. Hot pepper plants cannot survive if waterlogged. Thin plants if necessary to one per pot. Fertilize with liquid fertilizer after peppers reach three to four inches in height. Plants are ready for the garden at any height, but planting them outdoors before the last frost date can be risky business. Protect your seedlings from frost at all costs. Mulch around each plant with black plastic, straw, wood chips, newspa-
Growing mature plants All pepper plants do best in a rich, loamy soil high in nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus and full sun. Well-drained raised beds and planter boxes are perfect for peppers if the size is adequate. The minimum size for planter box or container growth should be five gallons to allow for deep root growth. Keeping ventilation adequate throughout the growing cycle is vital to having healthy plants, so don’t space them too close together — follow the recommended guidelines. Days to maturity vary, but you can tell the fruit is mature when it reaches its intended color. Gloves are a good idea when cutting peppers from the plant as the oil in the pepper skins can be very irritating to the skin. The more you harvest, the more the plants will produce. Freeze peppers throughout the growing season for later canning or drying. They will keep for about 10 days in the refrigerator. Whether you grow habaneros or jalapeùos, fresh peppers from the garden are terrific.
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Monday, April 1, 2013
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The China connection continued from Page 4 soybeans and corn; no one country has a monopforeign 2. They must continue to no way, That oly in. and supply hold can country be the low cost producer of heads. their prices over soybeans and corn; For example, soybeans. 3. Farmers must make sure Ironically, soybeans come from they lay the plans for efficient China, but they have essenfarm management so that the tially given up growing it in crops are produced with no favor of importing it from waste of energy, time or other countries. But America money; has no monopoly on soybean 4. Farmers need to spend production. If we don’t keep more time developing systems costs low and quality high, China can go to Brazil, to produce low cost and high Argentina, eastern Europe or quality meat products - with Africa. The same applies to an emphasis on dairy, pork and cotton. And wheat. chicken; However, at present, the 5. When China looks United States does have a for produce, it is lookabroad monopoly on corn production ing for high quality. “Get the worldwide. Dr. Lines says that food to them in the manner is why China is emphasizing own its in they want,” said Dr. Lines; ion corn product an Americ the country to fight 6. Remember that people present at monopoly. He said are people, and the Chinese China produced about twopeople are like everyone else thirds of the U.S.’s 165 bushels they like meat; of corn per acre average. 7. Americans, Ohio farmers, Dr. Lines said the other big need to “get into China with a change taking place in strong marketing program” to Chinese agriculture is the shift push our agriculture products; from backyard livestock pro8. Provide a high-quality duction (animals subsisting on resource the Chinese cannot farm and household waste) to intensified “western-style” aniproduce, but need. For Ohio mal production. These modern farmers, that could be alfalfa. systems will require immense It is high-quality alfalfa that amounts grains, grain products, the Chinese will need more of s and soy products – soybean in the future for their livestock produces 53,747 thousand amounts beyond China’s metric tons of meat each year. (See related story.) capacity to produce. This That ranks it number one in For Dr. Lines, what is the includes beef, pork, dairy and the world, and that still is not bottom line for Ohio farmers poultry production. enough to satisfy its citizens’ growing as they look to provide more So, with all the desires for meat protein. world, needs from a hungry exports of produce to China? Dr. Lines said the Chinese advice what China, lly especia “The over-arching story is government has now done farmOhio give Lines Dr. does the world’s largest agricultural something very smart - it has this of ge advanta take to ers producer with rising incomes decided that there are some growing need? things easier to buy abroad and increased animal protein than to try to produce itself. consumption cannot now and Here is what he suggests: But also, the Chinese governwill not be able to feed itself 1. Ohio farmers need to ment picked farm produce that in the future.” keep producing more and more
today, Chinese children consume as much milk and dairy products as American children - unheard of 20 years ago. But China does not have the capability of providing the cattle, hogs and chicken with the roughage - the quality feed needed to produce quality meat protein. China cannot produce enough corn to feed its livestock. And consider this: China
When China looks abroad for produce, it is looking for high quality.
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Monday, April 1, 2013
Alfalfa HOW TO:
CLEAN EXPOSED BRICK BY TRESA ERICKSON For ACRES Whether a backsplash or a fireplace surround, brick can make a lovely feature in any home. It can get dirty, however, and may require a good cleaning from time to time. There are many products available for cleaning brick. You should use the gentlest one possible to retain the integrity of the brick. Here are some common cleaning solutions for brick, from mild to not so mild. Dish soap and salt â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Combine one part dish soap and one part salt in a bucket and add a little water to make a paste. Scrub the paste into the brick, let it sit for 10 minutes and wipe it off with a warm rag. Ammonia, dish soap and pumice â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Mix one part ammonia, two parts dish soap and one part pumice in a bucket and add hot water to make a paste. Using rubber gloves, spread the paste onto the brick and let it sit for 10 minutes. Scrub and wipe off the paste with a warm rag. Naptha soap, ammonia and pumice â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Bring a large pot of water to a boil, shave some of the Naptha
soap into the water and continue to heat it until the soap is dissolved. Add one cup of ammonia and a pound of pumice. Using rubber gloves, paint the mixture onto the brick and let it sit for an hour. Scrub and wipe it off with a warm rag. Rinse the brick with clean water. TSP â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Mix 1/2 cup of TSP with a gallon of hot water. Scrub the mixture onto the brick and rinse it off with hot water. TSP is abrasive, so make sure you wear rubber gloves and safety glasses. These solutions work for the general cleaning of interior brick. You may need to look for a different solution for issues like mold and mildew, soot or smoke. Bleach works best for mold and mildew, vinegar or clay for soot, and scouring powder for smoke. You may find a number of other products available for cleaning brick. Do your homework and select the right product for your situation. Wear protective gear, work in a well-ventilated area and follow the instructions given.
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â&#x20AC;&#x153;We would grow it, dry it, press it (process it), place it in containers and ship it to China,: Dr. Lines said. Why Ohio? Dr. Lines said it can now be done more cheaply in Ohio because of the drop in price and ease of availability of natural gas needed to fuel a processing plant to dry the alfalfa. So, for the uninitiated just what is alfalfa? Alfalfa is a flowering plant widely grown throughout the world as forage for cattle, and is most often harvested as hay, but can also be made into silage, grazed, or fed greenchop. Alfalfa usually has the highest feeding value of all common hay crops. It is used less frequently as pasture. When grown on soils where it is well-adapted, alfalfa is often the highest yielding forage plant, but its primary benefit is the combination of high yield per hectare and high nutritional quality. Its primary use is as feed for high producing dairy cows â&#x20AC;&#x201D; because of its high protein content and highly digestible fiberâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and secondarily for beef cattle,
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alfalfa possible, and they are willing to pay for it.â&#x20AC;? But growing it is just half the job. The most important part is the actual processing of the alfalfa. The main job of a processing plant is to dehydrate, or dry, the alfalfa. Once dried, it can be turned into pellets, wafers or powder and then shipped. â&#x20AC;&#x153;A community could set up a facility - a processing plant - to dehydrate the alfalfa, process it, then ship it.â&#x20AC;? However, before Ohio farmers starts searching for an entrepreneur to bankroll at processing plant, they need to be aware of a few additional facts: in the last decade of the 20th century, more than 200 such processing plants closed their doors, according to information from several alfalfa associations across the U.S. And while times may be changing and the market might be right for investing in such a facility, there are still an estimated 200 plants in the U.S. already, many on the west coast, with more still in Canada. But Dr. Lines says Ohio is still in a unique position to start such an operation efficiently, and at less cost, than many other states.
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horses, sheep, and goats. Like other legumes, its root nodules contain bacteria, with the ability to soil. Its nitrogen-fixing abilities (which increases soil nitrogen) and its use as an animal feed greatly improve agricultural efficiency. Alfalfa can be sown in spring or fall, and does best on well-drained soils with a neutral pH of 6.8 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 7.5. Alfalfa requires sustained levels of potassium and phosphorus to grow well. It is moderately sensitive to salt levels in both the soil and irrigation water, although it continues to be grown in the arid southwestern United States, where salinity is an emerging issue. Soils low in fertility should be fertilized with manure or a chemical fertilizer, but correction of pH is particularly important. In most climates, alfalfa is cut three to four times a year. Total yields are typically around 4 short tons per acre in temperate environments, but yields have been recorded up to 16 short tons per acre. Yields vary with region, weather, and the cropâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s stage of maturity when cut. Later cuttings improve yield, but with reduced nutritional content. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It is a premium market,â&#x20AC;? said Dr. Lines. â&#x20AC;&#x153;They (the Chinese) want the best possible quality of
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Monday, April 1, 2013
Bonhomie Acres’ sweet production continued from Page 7
PHOTO BY PENNY SMITH
The sugarhouse at Bonhomie Acres, where the boiling of the collected maple sap occurs daily, a process which yields light, medium or dark maple syrup, depending on the particular point in the season when the sap was harvested from the thousands of sugar maple trees on the property owned by Dan and Kathie Brown.
back.” The end result, however, as it has always been, is delicious, pure maple syrup. As for the trees themselves, Kathie says, tapping can only be successful when the sugar maples are at least 30 years old. Dan and Kathie and their family try very hard to boil the sap every day, making sure to do so as quickly as possible so that bacteria doesn’t grow inside the sap or the tubing, which can definitely compromise the final product. Cleanliness of the entire operation each season is paramount to big successes when it’s complete. “It’s also very important that we produce as much syrup and sugar as we can before the sugar maple trees begin budding. After that happens, the quality of the sap is not good at all, and that’s not what we want for our customers,” say the Browns. Constantly focused on the image their products create, the Browns rely heavily on word-of-mouth among their most loyal customers, as well as keeping those long-standing relationships solid so that new relationships can be made and kept. “It’s also helped tremendously when people actually try our product and tell others what they think,” Kathie adds. “Our Facebook page has become a huge asset to us, especially recently,” Kathie says. “We’ve got people all over the country who have shared our page with their friends on Facebook, or have seen our pictures and shown their support for us.” More and more local farmers bring their maplesugar products to farmers markets, which also helps the whole idea of sugarmaking grow, the Browns believe. The Brown family’s maple sugar and syrup products, as so many Fredericktown and Knox County residents know, are a big hit every September at the Tomato Show. Furthermore, they also get recognition through local chefs who have visited the Owl Creek Produce Auction in Waterford, who
then use the Browns maple syrup in their restaurants. “Dee-Jays even uses our maple syrup in their bacon,” Kathie adds. “We want as many people as possible to realize that maple syrup is more than just something to put on your pancakes or waffles at breakfast. We always make sure we tell people you can cook with it, put it on ice cream, use it in your coffee or tea, and so many other foods.” “The maple sugar-making community is a very close-knit group,” Kathie says. “We rely on each other a lot to be successful in our own individual operations. As a whole, the community of producers like us is very good at adapting to whatever conditions we’re presented with each season, and we’re very creative in how we solve problems that continuously arise. It also is very helpful to us personally that Dan is the President of the Ohio Maple Producer’s Association, because he is always talking to other producers, both local and not, and is always learning new things to help improve what we do with our own operation.” “We started with the small woods behind our house on the farm, and have since added four more wooded areas to tap for sap. It wasn’t long after we got started that we learned, in Vermont’s Maple-Rama event a while ago, how valuable the process of tubing from tree to tree is. The process very much lends itself to expansion. Right now, though, we’re set with the help we have and the equipment we’ve got. We hope that our children will continue the sugar-making business in the future, but that’s ultimately their choice.” Kathie and Dan and family were part of Maple Madness in March, an opportunity for the community to visit Bonhomie Acres and others around the state to see first-hand the inner workings of a pure maple syrup-producing operation.
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
100 years after the great flood BY JANE BEATHARD The Madison Press Late March marked the 100th anniversary of Ohio’s greatest natural disaster. The Great Flood of 1913 left 467 people dead and more than 60,000 homes destroyed or damaged statewide. It also shaped the way governments prevent and control floods, according to Alicia Silverio of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) Floodplain Management Program. It was Ohio’s equivalent of Hurricane Katrina with stories of miraculous survival and heroic rescue filling the pages of newspapers across the country. As in Katrina, victims fled to attics, roofs and tall trees to escape rising water. Some held on for hours until rescuers arrived by boat. Many were swept away. The rains came The rain began to fall on Easter Sunday, March 23, 1913, as three large storm systems — one each from the Gulf of Mexico, Canada and the Great
spared desperately sought news of friends and family caught in the deluge. Helping hands As with Hurricane Katrina, help poured into Ohio’s ravaged communities from all directions. Gov. James Cox called up the National Guard and declared marshal law in Dayton and Zanesville for three weeks. Churches and fraternal organizations in towns away from the water opened their doors to the homeless and raised money for victims. President Woodrow Wilson, inaugurated only two weeks earlier, sent federal troops to the state.
COURTESY MADISON COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY
The great flood of 1913 destroyed more than 60,000 homes.
Plains — converged on the state. Ohio ground was already frozen hard from the preceding cold winter, creating 90 percent runoff, Silverio said. Between March 23 and 25, nine to 11 inches of rainfall turned meandering rivers into torrents of death, wiping out bridges, levees, highways and
COURTESY MADISON COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY
The rain began to fall on Easter Sunday, March 23, 1913, as three great storm systems emerged on the state.
whole neighborhoods. “Densely populated river towns like Dayton and Columbus were hardest hit,” Silverio said. According to the Ohio Historical Society, the Great Miami River flooded 14 square miles of downtown Dayton and submerged streets in 10 feet of water. Downstream in Hamilton, 100 people died as water rose to 18 feet in residential areas. An equal number died in the west Columbus “bottoms” when levees broke and the Scioto River poured 17 feet of water through lowlying neighborhoods. Nineteen people died in Tiffin when their homes slid into the Sandusky River. The Maumee River crested at 10 feet above flood stage at Defiance where 268 homes were under water. Twenty-three people died as a result. The Ohio River at Cincinnati rose 21 feet in 24 hours. The Muskingum River at Zanesville crested at 27 feet above flood
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stage, submerging the famous Y- Bridge. It was a time of outhouses, horse liveries and no antibiotics. Water contaminated by raw sewage caused disease outbreaks long after the flood subsided. End of the canals Ohio’s historic canal system, an engineering marvel of the early 1800s, suffered its final, fatal blow in the flood. Little used since the railroad era, canals and associated locks across the state were already in disrepair by 1913. Local leaders dynamit-
ed seven locks on the Ohio Canal at Akron to release flood waters. A wall of water then swept down the Cuyahoga River, washing away docks, trains and rail yards in Cleveland. Feeder lakes and reservoirs in western Ohio poured excess water into the Miami-Erie Canal, washing away locks and whole sections of the 249mile channel between Toledo and Cincinnati. Telephone and telegraph service stopped across the state for days, as did mail delivery. Loss of communication added to the disaster as those
The 1914 Conservancy Act of Ohio The Great Flood of 1913 was literally a highwater mark in Ohio history. It led to passage of The Conservancy Act of Ohio in 1914. “It focused attention on structural flood control and keeping flood water away from people,” Silverio said. The legislation allowed local governments to levy taxes and issue bonds for the construction of floodcontrol dams. It was the first legislation of its kind in the country and served as a model for other states. Subsequent amendments to the act met CONTINUED ON PAGE 13
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Monday, April 1, 2013
in bloom Continued from Page 1
do it in a way that does not harm Ag production,” he added. “This is not just an Ohio problem or Lake Erie problem,” he stressed. “It is really a national problem and really a global problem.” Bridgeman pointed out similar blooms have not only been found in Ohio’s Grand Lake St. Mary’s, but in some of the shallower bodies of water in other Great Lakes such as Green Bay and Saginaw Bay. Mindy Bankey, with the Ohio Federation of Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Columbus, noted that efforts are being made toward change - voluntary and legislative. “Ohio’s 88 Solid and Water Conservation Districts, especially those in the Western Lake Erie Basin and Grand Lake St. Marys’ area have been diligently working with the farming community, landowners (rural and urban), commodity groups, associations and many more to educate the importance of nutrient stewardship through utilizing the 4R
Nutrient Standards (Right Source, Right Time, Right Rate and Right Place) and promote the use of various conservation practices like covered crops, controlled drainage devices, grassed waterways, soil testing, backyard conservation, and much more,” she noted in an email response. “Ohio has experienced great successes and much progress in improved soil productivity and water quality through voluntary efforts.,” she added. “We are committed to promoting conservation stewardship, and it is our goal to leave the land better for future generations. That is one of the reasons we have named our program efforts 4R Tomorrow.” As for legislation, she noted the Directors of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Department of Agriculture and Ohio Environmental Protection Agency have released a draft bill that makes some changes to nutrient standards. The draft is being reviewed and can be viewed at www.oaba.net.
COURTESY MADISON COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY
The Great Flood of 1913 left 467 people dead and more than 60,000 homes destroyed or damaged statewide.
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changing community needs and widened its scope to include water resource management on many levels. Today, 20 locally funded conservancy districts are active in Ohio, according to ODNR records. The Upper Scioto Drainage & Conservancy is the oldest, dating from February 1915. The Muskingum Watershed Conservancy is the largest, operating 10 lakes and four dry dams in eastern Ohio in conjunction with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Miami Conservancy, based in Dayton, is among the most prominent. It not only oversees a system of dry and low dams, but also promotes outdoor recreation and water sports throughout the Miami Valley.
A shift in philosophy Silverio said floods are a part of nature and are bound to occur. Lessons learned in 1913 lessened the effects of the 1937 flood and turned the nation’s attention to floodplain management. “Floods are truly problematic when people are in the way,” she said. Beginning in the 1960s and ’70s, flood management moved away from structural control (dams and levees) to focus on regulating development in smarter, safer ways. “We used to focus on keeping flood water away from people,” Silverio said. “Now we try to keep people away from floodprone areas.”
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ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
Surgaring season has arrived in Ohio’s Clear Fork Valley BY DIANA SHARP
“Prime syrup weather is in the 20s and night and in the 40s during the days.”
Spring means many things to many people … budding flowers, the return of migratory birds, and for a few dedicated, hard-working individuals, like Steve Shasky, it means the flow of sweet sap from Ohio’s maple trees. The popularity of real maple syrup during early American history centered around the demand for sugar. Back then, sap was boiled down to make a sugar loaf that was easily shipped on boats to meet the demand. “It was called loaf sugar. You boiled almost all the water out. The idea was … (in the colonies) you had honey sorghum or molasses and maple sugar. Those were the three sweeteners until the slave trade kicked in and the sugar started coming from the Indies. If you were on the frontier – envision the great lakes – all the production for maple syrup is around the great lakes,” explained Shasky as he was preparing to boil. He added, at that time, there was always a demand for sugar, so it was a profitable venture for a frontiersman or early settlers. It’s not as easy as tapping a tree and hanging a bucket. There is a lot of care and effort that goes into producing quality maple syrup, then and now. In fact, it
— Steve Shasky on the ideal sugar season
PHOTO BY DIANA SHARP
Steve Shasky standing in his sugar palace checking the grade on his latest batch of syrup earlier this month.
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TRUCKS 12 DODGE RAM 1500 4X4 QUAD CAB SLT - BEDLINER - TOW PKG - LOW MILES - TAN ..................$25,995 12 DODGE RAM 2500 H.D. - 4X4 SLT - BIG HORN - CUMMINS - 10,000 MILES - RED......................$39,995 12 DODGE RAM 1500 4X4 EXPRESS - REG CAB - SHORT BED - HEMI - CUSTOM PAINT - 20'S - RED........$22,995 11 DODGE RAM 1500 4X2 EXPRESS - REG CAB - SHORT BED - HEMI - CUSTOM PAINT - 20'S - 3K - RED..$21,995 10 DODGE RAM 1500 4X4 CREW LARAMIE - HEATED LEATHER - HEMI - 20'S - GRAY/SILVER ..........$25,995 09 DODGE RAM 1500 4X2 REGULAR CAB SLT - SHORT BED - TONNEAU - LOW MI CERTIFIED - RED ..$14,995 07 DODGE RAM 3500 HD 4X4 QUAD CAB SLT - CUMMINS - LONG BED - BOSS PLOW - BLUE/SILVER $27,995 1959 CUSHMAN - EAGLE - RESTORED ................................................................................$4,995
All Prices Include Hardin Motors Discount Plus Factory Rebates: Tax And Title Extra
EVENT OF A
LIFETIME
ITʼS A NEW DAY
Now In Our 55th Year! We May Not Be The Largest, But WE ARE THE BEST!
Hardin Motors Inc.
Photos of all new & used vehicles on our website! www.hardinmotors.com
481 S. Main St. • Mt. Victory • 1 - 800 - 473 - 2681 or 1 - 937 - 354 - 4061 “The Little Profit Dealer, They’re Cheaper In The Country!”
Jerry Burrey - Owner
2376914
Dodge Jeep
FIVE STAR*****
FIVE STAR
Norma nSmiley - Sales
HOURS: M - W 8 - 8, T - Th - F 8 - 5, Sat. 8 - 12
HARDIN MOTORS - MT. VICTORY, OHIO
steam that is produced by the condensing syrup. Shasky says he calls his shack a palace.”You won’t find most shacks with drywall,” laughed Shasky. He went on to describe that most sugar shacks can be very “rustic.” Sugaring is the process in which the sap is boiled down and converted to syrup, at which point it’s about 67 percent sugar and 33 percent water. “To me syrup-ing is a logistics issue. Everybody’s woods is different nothing is
LUCAS, OTTAWA, SANDUSKY, ERIE, HURON, SENECA, WOOD, HENRY, PUTNAM, HANCOCK
Shop, 2583 Possum Run Rd., near Snow Trails. These temperatures are ideal for the sap to run. It is a clear liquid that is two percent sugar and 98 percent water. Producers boil 60 gallons of sap to produce one gallon of syrup. A grove of sugar trees is called a “sugarbush.” Shasky taps around 700 trees and boils for himself and a friend who taps around 400 trees. He considers himself a commercial producer who sells bulk syrup and some retail. This is compared with commercial producers in New England who average around 50,000 trees. Any sizable sugaring operation occurs in a sugar-house, a building designed to vent the enormous amount of
is a tricky crop dependent on weather and the relative short season in which one must collect the sap. The sugaring season begins in late winter or early spring, Presidents’ day till the end of March according to Shasky. Optimal conditions occur when the temperature is below freezing at night and above freezing during the day, creating internal pressure that causes the sap to flow through the tree. Sugar season is over when the buds begin to swell and the sap develops an off flavor. “Prime syrup weather is 20s and 40s. In the 20s and night and in the 40s during the days,” explained Shasky, who owns Steve’s Ski
steady state. This year is different from this year … It’s farming,” explained Shasky. He went on to describe the intricacies of sugaring. It’s a race against bacteria from tree to evaporator. One doesn’t want to let the sugar water sit too long for fear the growth of bacteria will eat the sugar your trying to syrup. Likewise once the water makes it’s way to an evaporator there is the temperature and flow to maintain as the water is evaporated. After boiling, the syrup is filtered, graded, and bottled. Shasky prefers fancy grade syrup which has understated maple notes and a rich flavor unlike any dark or amber syrup. Shasky’s says his wife Cindy prefers the darker syrup. Regardless of the grade, taste is in the preparation, how quickly the water makes its way to the evaporator and the regulation of temperature in the sugaring process. The Shaskys sell
their syrup which is available now at the Ski Shop and at the Village of Bellville’s Farmers’ Market. Shasky hopes to grow his operation; he admittedly has the sugar bug. He is a member of the Ohio Maple Producers Association (OMPA). The OMPA sponsors The Ohio Maple Madness driving tour that was held March 16 through 17. While the Shaskys are not taking part in the driving tour, he encourages people to learn more and try different syrups. “Everyone’s syrup is different. It’s in how each one boils their water,” said Shasky. He welcomes anyone to stop out to try his product. It’s an expensive passion and he takes pride in his syrup that he and his wife produce. For more information concerning the entire driving tour visit www.ohiomaple.org/ma ple-madness.html
We Hope You Enjoy of Northwestern Ohio
The New Monthly Ten County Agriculture Publication Featuring: • Current Ag News • Regional Farmers • Progressive Innovations • Time Honored Traditions Additional copies are available for $1 each at these local newspaper offices... The Delaware Gazette ~ Delaware Galion Inquirer ~ Galion The Madison Press ~ London Morrow County Sentinel ~ Mt. Gilead The Oberlin News Tribune ~ Oberlin Fulton County Expositor~ Wauseon The Bellevue Gazette ~ Bellevue Request a mailed subscription for $19.95/year ACRES c/o The Madison Press 55 W. High Street London, Ohio 43140 740-852-1616
2379807
CHRYSLER Plymouth Dodge
*****FIVE STAR
WE INCLUDE A TANK OF GAS WITH EVERY NEW VEHICLE PURCHASE
www.ACRESmidwest.com
ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
15
that work .com JobSourceOhio.com
PLACE YOUR CLASSIFIED AD ONLINE-24/7 Serving Lucas, Ottawa, Sandusky, Erie, Huron, Seneca,Wood, Henry, Putnam and Hancock counties
www.delgazette.com www.gallioninquirer.com www.theoberlinnewstribune.com
592 Wanted to Buy
505 Antiques/Collectibles
515 Auctions
740-852-1616
We Accept
Find it
Jan., Feb., Mar.
FAIR PIGS FOR SALE at the farm. Reasonable price, and good selection.
419-397-2613
Contact Roy Slater for details (419) 295-1009
2376339
# BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION #
Saturday, April 20, 2013 • 10:00 A.M. Located: Hardin Co @ 328 E. Taylor St. Mt. Victory, Ohio 43340, 9 mi. S. of Kenton. Selling due to the passing of my son & late husband who operated an auto repair shop for 30 plus years. Many nice quality shop & service tools. JOHN DEERE GATOR-COMPACT LOADER/TRACTOR-ZERO TURN MOWER-IMPLEMENTS: JD 4x4 Gator, elect. dump bed, cab, heat, 6’ snowplow, 376 hrs., v.g.c; JD 650 dsl. compact, newer woods LS84 quick tach loader w/54” bkt., turf tires, 1151 hrs., v.g.c.; 3 pt. JD I-Match ballast weight box. JD 757 Z-Trak w/60” deck, 963 hrs., v.g.c.; Roto Mec 5’ 3 pt. pto rototiller; 6’ 3 pt. blade; Frontier GM1060R 3 pt. 60” finish mower; 46” yard roller; Solar 25 gal., 3 pt. sprayer; 200 gal. pull type fuel tank; 2 wheel yard trailer. LARGE SNAP ON & MAC TOOL CHEST: 8’ wide x 6’ high Black 30 drw. roll around tool chest w/side locker & Special Ed. decals “Intimidator 11” Dale Earnhardt; Mac Tools roll around 1 drw. mech. chest/cart. CAR LIFT: ‘01 Bend Pak BP-12 (12,000 lb.) 4 post drive on high auto lift w/rolling bridge, 235” overall length. MANY MECHANIC & SPECIALTY SERVICE TOOLS-LOTS OF QUALITY WRENCHESSOCKETS-RATCHETS-HANDTOOLS-FORKLIFT-SHOP EQUIP-OLD SERVICE SHOP COLLECTIBLES & CABINETSAUTO SUPPLIES-PARTS-OFFICE-SHOP MANUALS-FOOT BALL MEMORABILIA - WOOD SHOP TOOLS - GUN SAFE-MISCANVIL-MISC. POLE BARN ITEMS-LUMBER: several hundred board feet of asst. new shop lumber. Please see www.higginsauctions.com for details
OWNER: Mrs. Mildred L. Parthemore
BEN HIGGINS REALTY & AUCTION CO., LLC. Ben A. Higgins, Broker & Auctioneer Ben F. Higgins, Auctioneer/Brad Higgins, Auctioneer
740-387-5111 / 740-389-6202
BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION
LARGE PARTHEMORE AUCTION
2377251
BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION
www.acresmidwest.com
POLICY: Please Check Your Ad The 1st Day. It Is The Advertiser’s Responsibility To Report Errors Immediately. Publisher Will Not Be Responsible for More Than One Incorrect Insertion. We Reserve The Right To Correctly Classify, Edit, Cancel Or Decline Any Advertisement Without Notice.
Reach more than ONE MILLION OHIO READERS for only $275!
535 Farm Supplies/Equipment
3 point 1 row Mechanical Transplanter, model 900, Mulch transplanter , model 90, mulch layer, model MT 122 transplanter. 419-433-6570.
Office Hours: Monday-Friday 8-5
Civitas Media
Old Harley Davidson motorcycle. ANY CONDITION. 419-619-0824
1978 Bolen garden tractor, several attachments, 5x7 2 wheel trailer, tilts down. ALSO Ladies golf clubs bag and umbrella for $50. 419-332-7060.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Liner deadline: 3rd Thursday each month Display Deadline: July Edition: June 20 Aug. Edition: July 18 Sept. Edition: Aug 22 Oct. Edition: Sept 19 Nov. Edition: Oct 24 Dec. Edition: Nov 19 Jan. Edition: Dec 19
in the
rslater@civitasmedia.com rwslater711@sbcglobal.net
2378274
Get On The Road To Savings By Cruising Through Our Service Directory! We're Ready To Serve You...With Our Telephone Numbers At Your Fingertips.
# BEN HIGGINS AUCTION # BEN HIGGINS AUCTION #
Dining/Restaurant
Passenger & Farm Tires
Pole Barns
The VILLAGE RESTAURANT 435 N. Warpole St., Upper Sandusky, Ohio Phone: 419-294-2945 Banquet Room and Carryout Available
Scott Weininger • Steve Howard
2351929
Meister Insurance Group
Emch Bros.
2351951
We Sell Hay & Straw • Hay and Straw • We Do Complete Custom Baling, Cutting & Raking For You.
•Residential, Commercial & Agriculture 00185384 2351869
00183655
567-207-4874
MARION OIL CO. Quality Fuels & Lubricants
Extensions are listed on back of card
JIM BOWMAN, MANAGER CELL PHONE: (740) 225-3190 BUS. PHONE: (740) 382-9610 TOLL FREE: 1-888-498-9880 FAX: (740) 387-8863
Consignment Hay Auction
All Auctions Start @ 10:00am Auctioneer Fred Wolfe
Hay and Straw Auctions Sat.,
517 PARK BLVD. MARION, OHIO 43302 E-mail:marion_oil@yahoo.com http://www.centraloilfarm.com
Farm Repair Parts
Agri-Commercial-Residential
2351903
00186824
CALL (419) 448-1365
clouse@acctiffin.com www.clouseconstruction.com www.clouseconstruction.com
2351917
# Butler Steel *Design BuildBuildings # Post Frame *Butler Steel Buildings # Site Development *Concrete Work *Site Development # Concrete Work
BRENEMAN EQUIPMENT • 419-757-5012 • 800-499-8494 ONE MILE E. OF ALGER • CO. RD. 90 Visit us @ brenemanequipment.com
April 27th
Sat.,
May 18th
Hrs: Mon-Fri 8am - 5:30pm; Sat 8am - Noon 2377011
THE ERLIN TRADERS
• Custom Hydraulic Hose • Tillage Wear Parts • Wheel Bearings • Combine Cutter Bars • DMI Truck Hitches • All Makes & Systems • J & M • KILBROS • YETTER • UNVERFERTH • REMLINGER, ETC.
greenusasolar.com
Solar works great on outdoor boilers - two sizes to chose from
Quality Fuels & Lubricants
Direct Phone Line: 419-849-2114
2351948
4093 CH16 Sycamore OH 44882
J.E. Forry Forry Custom CustomBaling, Baling,LLC LLC
Phone: 419-849-2711 800-589-9711
Fax: 419-849-2720 Grain Recording: 419-849-2876 Web: www.luckeyfarmers.com 800-589-2711
Bob Shellhorn
327 S. Hazel StAda, • Upper OhioSandusky, OH 567-230-0031 567-230-0031//740-225-1502 740-225-1502
Seed and Feed Luckey Farmers, Inc.
Solar Water Heaters Indoor Pellet Stoves Outdoor Boilers
2376344
Green Camp Branch 604 Elevator Rd. Green Camp, OH 43322
1200 W. Main Street P.O. Box 217 Woodville, Ohio 43469
Shellhorn’s
Custom Baling
2351858
2351945
2369469
Central Ohio Farmers Co-op, Inc. 740-528-2211 800-432-8427
We’re here for all your Insurance needs
115 W. Washington St. • Napoleon, OH 43545 419-592-5059 419-592-934 Fax
Propane Service
Propane Customers Welcome 2351863
1775 S. CR 1 Tiffin, Oh 44883 (419) 448-9850
Nancy Homan, CISR, CPIW Agent nancyhoman@hotmail.com
Drainage Contractors Est.1975 • 1902W.Main St,Woodville,OH 43469
FARMERS CO-OP
300 N. Warpole St. 14889 St. Hwy. 31 Kenton, Oh 43326 Upper Sandusky, Oh 43351 (419) 674-4715 (419) 294-4981
Insurance
Field Tiling
PHONE 419-270-0560
2351909
Owners 2351790
Friday & Saturday 11 a.m. to 9 p.m.
701 Main St., Clyde 419-547-0441 Hours: Mon.-Sat. 10-5, Sun. 12-5, Closed Thurs.
Amish Made Flat Screen TV and Entertainment Centers Lots More To Choose From...
•Dining Room Hutches •Tables & Chairs •Amish Bedroom Suites
•Roll Top Desks •File Cabinets •Bookcases •Glassware •Clocks
•China Cabinets •Bar Stools •Antique Items 2377008
Open Sunday-Thursday 11 a.m. to 8 p.m.
VISIT US ONLINE
www.acresmidwest.com www.madison-press.com www.morrowcountysentinel.com www.expositornews.com
DEADLINES/CORRECTIONS:
16
ACRES of Northwestern Ohio,
Monday, April 1, 2013
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{cXX jU`cK@ 800-708-2676 www.seedconsultants.com ®, TM trademarks of Seed Consultants, Inc. © 2012 Seed Consultants, Inc. Supreme EX® and AYT™ are trademarks of Pioneer. Supreme EX® brand seed is distributed by Seed Consultants, Inc
2373166