CIEE GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN PROGRAM
“ALGAUDÍ Tile” MEGHAN Andrew Cory
Air polluion Barcelona, Spain
NITROGEN OXIDES
Particulate Matter
Nitrogen oxides [NO & NO2] are formed by vehicular combustion and chemical reactions.
PM10 & PM2.5 Atmospheric particulate matter are microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in the Earth’s atmosphere.
VOLITLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
VOCs are primary pollutants emitted as gases from a vast number of fuels and products.
OZONE Ozone is a secondary pollutant formed in the presence of UV sunlight.
The European Environment Agency (EEA) classifies Spain as the worst air polluter in Europe and futher estimates that there are 20,000 premature deaths annually due to poor air quality.
Air polluion
DECEMBER
Daily data for 2016
NO2 NO
JANUARY
O3 PM10
95(µg/m³)
JANUARY
Visualization Key AVERAGE DANGEROUS SAFe each point denotes one day
Weather Station
DECEMBER
PASSEIG DE GRÁCIA Barcelona, Spain
SUPERILLA Transforming the block
Superilla is Barcelona’s newly devised mobility plan to reduce vehicular traffic, air pollution, and noise while freeing up nearly 60% of its streets for unrestricted pedestrian use.
tHE BLOCK POBLENOU, Barcelona The Superilla is comprised of a 3 x 3 block area within Ildefons Cerdi’s Eixample neighborhood design for Barcelona. Each nine block Superilla restircts vehicular travel to only local use.
Site analysis
VEGETATION BARK
HEALTH INDICATOR
56%
The “London Plane” is the most common tree species found in both the Superilla and the City of Barcelona.
SUPERILLA SITE
BCN
STREET TREES SCRUB 305 TONS OF AIR POLUTANTS
leaf health
+
-
200yr
LIFESPAN LIFESP AN softscape
100yrs
PLANTUS X HISPANICUS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER + LIGHT = GLUCLOSE + OXYGEN
C0
2
C0
HEALTH INDICATOR
2
0₂ 0₂ 0₂ H₂0
C02
C0
2
0₂
0₂
2
H₂0
H₂0
H₂0
0₂ C0
SUGAR
H₂0
C0
2
H₂0
JAN UAR Y
Canopy 365 productivity
DECEM BER
PRO DUC PLA NTU TIVTY SX HIS PA
NIC
US
+ PRODUCTIVITY -
The tree’s ability to perform photosynthesis changes based on the season and the amount of leaves present. On average trees like the Plantus hispanicus are far more productive during warmer months when they have a full canopy of leaves.
PRODUCTIVITY
6
7
5
+
4
-
3
productivity
2 1
9
CANOPY COVERAGE
TREE HEIGHT
HEIGHT, CANOPY, & Bark
8
BARK HEALTH
100%
0%
+
PRODUCTIVITY 3
8
4
5
7
9
1
6
2
TREE #
-
photosynthetic photosynthetic activity activity +
+
N
-
N
Contour Map Vegetation Index
mirroring photosynthesis
MicRoAlgaE Spirulina Growth Process
inputs
CO₂ H₂O inputs H₂O 8.6 pH
live culture
+TITANIUM oxygen DIOXIDE SCRUBBER +POLLUTANT movement + sun
Fe N P
+ nutrients VENTILATION
UV LIGHT
+ filter biomass
expand culture
OXIDIZE VOC’s
POLUTANT SCRUB
EFFECTIVENESS
outputs
THICK
MEDIUM
THIN
% COVERAGE
O₂ H₂O
E
D
+ refinement
CARBON DIOXIDE
WATER
CultivatinG algae
3 week growth cylce 1
+ food
unhealthy
2
dying fast what are we doing wrong?
+ food
3
disrepair
obliterated
supplies distilled water
air pump
air tube
air stone
nutrients
biq house The “bioreactor facades” capture light and heat through microalgae growing inside of glass louvers within each panel. The algae biomass is harvested from the panel/ photobioreactor arup + ssc strategic science consultants + splitterwerk architects
hamburg, germany electrical current algae tank
CO₂
bubbler
urban algae canopy ecologic studio: marco poletto & Claudia Pasquero
Milan Expo 2015 Microalgae cultures are grown to produce oxygen and food. This case study uses the process of photosynthesis to improve air quality, and grow edible algae cultures. A clear ETFE cladding system is used to contain algae culture, and liquid is pumped through the structure feed and move the cultures.
gravity fed systems
module a
module b
Objectives
O₂ activate visualize air public space pollution
increase air visualize oxygen pollution
O₂ generate increase biofuel oxygen
THE DESIGN
Embody Human Energy
full air chamber
applied pressure
air dispersion packing bubbles
Gaudi Tile
+ outer shell
= algae tank
combined
InitIal Design detailed section
applied pressure
rigid surface air release pressure sensing valve
biollumiescent algae
foam buer
air intake
exible algae tank
air bubbler algae dispersion
air pump
Version 1.0 Six part Hexagonal tile
air release valve
air intake
module a connector
manual air pump
2 subdivisions connector
air intake
air release valve module b
Welding soft plastic double weld
single weld
narrow tip seal
soldering iron
wide tip seal
heat gun
soldering iron
melted seal
heat gun
clean edge
semi-clean edge
messy edge
weak
semi-strong
strong
not water tight
not water tight
water tight
Version 2.0 Two part Hexagonal tile
air release
air/water control valve
module a
manual air pump
2 subdivisions
one-way intake valve
air intake module b
Conectors metal clamp
silicon
pipe clamp
twisting cap
clear plastic
water bottle cap
3D print clamp
silicon
3D printer
screw clamp
clear plastic
PVC ďŹ ttings
adhesive bond
clear plastic
plastic adhesive
flat profile
tall profile
customizeable
bulky connector
faillure
water tight
water tight
water tight
not water tight
not water tight
Prototype 2.0
Version 3.0 One Part Hexagonal tile
module a
interior heat seal
module b
circulation to other tiles module c
Siting the Tile Solar & Pedestrian Study
activity analysis
radiation analysis kWh/m2
+
1000.00<= 900.00 800.00 700.00 600.00 500.00 400.00 300.00 200.00 100.00 <=0.00
barcelona, espaĂąa 1 oct 6:00 - 31 may 20:00
estimated based on surrounding building size and on-site observation
_
selected areas possible placement of algaudĂ tile based on the two factors: movement & sunlight
Exploded Plan algae tile
soft malleable tube
compression connector
Frit Design sun protection
frit size & density map
+
frit design _ darker areas recieve more daily sunlight and thus need a denser frit to protect the algae cutlures from the sun
Fabrication
Heat sealing step 1
cut
step 2
heat
step 3
press 20 sec
politheo plastic sheet
step 4
set
step 5
ďŹ ll
Clamp Design
heat weld & cuts
3D Print Clamp
bolt & washer
cross section
3D printed clamp silicon hard ďŹ xed tube silicon 3D printed clamp washer & nut
full assembly
on-site Process
Biomass extraction Weekly growth process
miércoles
martes
viernes harvest 1/3
start
lunes
jueves
+ food / h₂0 / air
+ food / h₂0 / air
impact
biofuel on air pollution
1 week
E
harvest 1/3 of 3 tile module
x 85
E 1 liter biofuel
.01 liter biofuel
50% reduction in released CO2
9600sq meters avalible street space
.036m2
space for 26,000 tiles
E *150 liters
E
2 barrels per week
ON On SITE site
Works cited Algae Green Loop http://www.archdaily.com/191229/algae-green-loop-influx-studio Urban Algae Canopy: http://www.ecologicstudio.com/v2/project.php?idcat=7&idsubcat=59&idproj=129 http://www.ecologicstudio.com/v2/project.php?idcat=3&idsubcat=59&idproj=137
thank you GROUP NAME MEGHAN CHIN CORY PAGE ANDREW WALKER