THE OWNERS OF this Middlebury home expect the investment in a large, rooftop solar array to pay for itself in energy savings in about nine years. That is a few years faster than is typical in this part of the world.
Stepping outside the traditional farmhouse Middlebury couple builds efficency into their dream home By ABAGAEL GILES MIDDLEBURY — When Jason and Nicole Chance of Middlebury set out to build a home in 2016, they knew they wanted it to be as energy efficient as possible. “We knew we couldn’t afford to build an entirely passive home and we didn’t love the look of what we’d seen in that category,” says Nicole. “We wanted the look of a traditional farmhouse but for it to be as tight as possible.” To actualize this concept, the Chances, who lived previously in East Middlebury for 11 years, chose to work with New Haven-based firm Silver Maple Construction and Gregor Masefield of Bristol-based Studio III Architects, an architect who specializes in energyefficient design and is certified with the United States Passive House Institute. Passive houses use high-tech insulation, building orientation and air sealing systems to maximize the use of the sun as a heat source. Air filtration systems help ventilate the buildings, which
are so tight that owners cannot use gas features of a passive home, double-paned appliances or fireplaces without creating windows and a large rooftop solar array. a carbon monoxide hazard. They also opted for an electric heat Masefield has designed other passive pump system that pushes hot air into the homes in the Middlebury area, including home in the winter and cold air in the one located in the village summer. To get the most not far from the high out of their solar array, school built in 2016. In was important which they purchased 2018, Masefield told the through Bristol Electronto me to have Independent’s Christy ics, they chose a seamed Lynn that he was so enam- an open layout and a metal roof over a shingle ored with the design of that big mudroom. (The one. They expect that inbuilding, he built a similar architect) laughed and vestment, which was more home in Lincoln for his to last about was like, ‘So you really expensive, own family. 30 years — the expected The Chances, who both want a box with a hat lifetime of their solar array. grew up in old Vermont on it.’ I said, ‘Yes, but “The break-even farmhouses, wanted a we want you to make it point for our solar array more traditional layout. investment is roughly “It was important to me energy efficient and the nine years,” says Jason, a to have an open layout and best use of the space.’” mechanical engineer by a big mudroom,” says Ni— Nicole Chance trade. “That’s pretty good cole. “At one point, Gregor for Vermont. The folks at laughed and was like, ‘So Bristol Electronics said you really want a box with a hat on it.’ that 10 to 15 years is typical for an instalI said, ‘Yes, but we want you to make it lation here.” energy efficient and the best use of the Matt Kilcoyne, a senior customer supspace.’” port specialist for Efficiency Vermont, a For the Chances, not wanting to waste public utility that offers Vermonters access costly resources was a huge factor in opt- to information and financial resources ing for an energy-efficient design. They to improve the energy efficiency of their opted for a more traditional farmhouse homes and businesses, says those looking layout with the envelope and circulation (See Chances, Page 3C)
“It
Addison Independent •March 21, 2019
PAGE 2C — HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019
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VTDigger photo/Elizabeth Gribkoff
Battery banks keep the lights on By ELIZABETH a Tesla Powerwall. The new GRIBKOFF, VTDigger.org incentive offered by Green HINESBURG — The state’s Mountain Power shaved off largest utility has partnered with about half of the upfront cost of a renewable energy trade group the battery, she said. to provide upfront payment “Clean energy appeals to me for customers who hook up — it’s a little thing I can do for an energy storage the environment,” battery to the grid. said McCay. Carole McCay’s The home energy journey into home storage pilot renewable electricity energy appeals to program — called generation was held me — it’s a little Bring Your Own up as an example for thing I can do for Device, or BYOD Vermont’s energy — is the latest effort future at a press the environment.” by Green Mountain — Carole McCay Power to draw on conference late last month in her stored energy to Hinesburg home. McCay said reduce peak demand, which is she installed solar panels on her when electricity is most “carbon house three years ago through intensive,” said the utility’s CEO SunCommon, the state’s largest Mary Powell. Lowering peak solar company. demand also saves customers She let reporters go down money by driving down to her basement to watch transmission and capacity costs. SunCommon employees Tae The power company will Wills and Ben Kozak install call on that customer’s stored
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energy to reduce demand on the electric power grid during peak usage times, lowering costs for all customers. Green Mountain Power says that the incentive it gives to BYOD customers pays for itself in the savings the power company will generate through reducing that peak power demand. GMP passes those cost savings on to all customers. “We’re excited to see more homeowners take control of their energy and support a smarter electrical grid,” said Powell. Green Mountain Power partnered with Tesla to install Powerwall batteries in customers’ homes last year, which it says saved $500,000 during a peak in power demand last July. The utility has installed combination solar and battery storage projects in Rutland and Panton and has received (See Battery storage, Page 5C)
HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019 — PAGE 3C
Chances says Nicole, referring to a credit (Continued from Page 1C) into a building like what the Chances system the company has in place to did should look into the Residential allow solar producers to put energy onto the electric power grid when New Construction Program. “We have a team of energy consul- it’s sunny and get it back when it’s tants who work with a homeowner, cloudy or dark. “That allows us to the builder and designers from start bank hours for months like November and January.” to finish to build a super Jason said the energy efficient home Chances decided to by focusing on insulabuild their home this tion, air sealing and putting in high quality is some evidence that way because they knew they were interested in high performance windows and doors.” staying in it for several For owners of exist- homes can sell for a ing homes looking to higher price, but there years. “There is some evidence that high seal their drafty older isn’t enough data performance homes dwellings, Kilcoyne can sell for a higher recommends looking to draw any strong price, but there isn’t into the Home Perfor- conclusions, so if enough data to draw mance with Energy Star you’re not planning any strong conclusions, program, which con- to be in your home so if you’re not plannects homeowners with for a while, it will ning to be in your home contractors who can for a while, it will be perform home energy be difficult to recoup difficult to recoup that efficiency assessments. that investment.” “If a customer proceeds — Jason Chance investment.” Efficiency Vermont with an insulation projalso offers a Heat Saver ect, they can get up to $2,000 (depending on their income) Loan program, which helps homeback from Efficiency Vermont to owners get loans of up to $35,000 at below-market interest rates with loan offset the cost,” says Kilcoyne. Currently, the Chances pay almost terms of up to 15 years to increase nothing for the energy used to heat, the energy efficiency of their house. “Often we hear that the upcool and run their home. “In August, we are totally self-sustaining and get front cost of a renovation can be to put some energy credit into the a barrier to participation for a lot bank with Green Mountain Power,” of people. We partner with Op-
“There
THE COUPLE BUILDING this home wanted a traditional farmhouse layout but opted for energy-efficiency features that brought the building into the 21st century.
HOMEOWNERS JASON AND Nicole Chance sought out an architect and builder who could help them realize their dream home that would both be energy efficient and a place they wanted to live. After a year in the house, Nicole says she wouldn’t change a thing.
portunities Credit Union, Vermont State Employees Credit Union, and NeighborWorks of Western Vermont to offer these Heat Saver Loans,” says Kilcoyne. Efficiency Vermont pays to bring the interest rate below market rate to a degree that depends on the household income and on the length of the loan. For households making less than $60,000 per year, financing is available at zero percent interest. “We see for a lot of these folks that they are able to reduce their energy costs without any down payment on a project,” adds Kilcoyne. Jason said that, in his and Nicole’s experience, pursuing a higher level of energy efficiency incurs about a 10 to 15 percent building cost increase. However, he expects that increase will pay off over time. “Ultimately, this comes down to investment decisions. Do you want to invest up front in efficiency or invest over time in energy usage?” They moved into their new home with kids Aidan, 13, and Sadie Mae, 8, in March 2017. Nicole says, “I love this house and I wouldn’t change a thing about it. I really wouldn’t.”
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PAGE 4C — HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019
Airtight? There’s a new kid in town Local builder tries out new, faster way of insulating buildings By CHRISTY LYNN ADDISON COUNTY — The field of building science changes dramatically and rapidly. Nearly every day, new products, techniques and methods are introduced that challenge the ways buildings are constructed and introduce potentially more effective and efficient solutions. Not only can these advancements help buildings perform better from an energy usage perspective, but they can introduce time and cost savings and reduce waste. However, as with most things new, there are unknowns and could be hidden risks that make early adopters vulnerable. One of these newer technologies addresses the need for contractors to seal buildings so they don’t leak much air. THE HEART OF the AeroBarrier method of sealing up air leaks in a Sean Flynn is co-owner of Silver building is an “emitter” that sprays a fine mist of patented acrylic caulk Maple Construction, a firm that spe- into a sealed room with outward air pressure. The mist finds its way into cializes in high-end, custom residen- cracks and crevices, where it hardens. Photo courtesy of AeroBarrier tial building, based in New Haven. Silver Maple projects adhere to very the ACH50 number drops. (ACH50 The rig showed up last summer. strict energy standards and therefore stands for air exchanges per hour At first, Flynn said they used it crews have been perfecting the art measured at 50 Pascals of pressure only internally on their own homes of air sealing using specialized tape, differential.) The process is complete and buildings, until they really vapor barrier paper, spray foam and when the desired ACH50 number is understood how to operate it and felt caulk for years. reached and the switch is flipped off. comfortable with the system. “The Air sealing budgets for residential You can’t always see the caulk joints, rig itself is a little cumbersome projects often are some Flynn says, which at and the set-up is pretty clumsy,” he of the hardest numbers first made him wary, but said. Once hooked up and going the to swallow, Flynn says, that’s because the caulk results are amazing, Flynn says, but most easily reaching $15,000. seals from the outside in, perhaps they are paying a small price Plus the project can take situations we can using only as much mate- for being early adopters with the rest weeks to complete. It’s a rial as is needed to fill the of the process. take a house from tedious process ripe for air gap. Due to challenges operating the human error and imper- around 7 ACH50 “In most situations we equipment in extremely cold temperfection, since it relies down to below can take a house from atures, the number of projects they on workers manually 1 in under two around 7 ACH50 down have completed using AeroBarrier sealing air gaps that are to below 1 in under two technology is just around 25 or 30, often in hard-to-access hours of spraying, hours of spraying, with Flynn estimates, but, he said, “ask with set up and joints and seams. set up and clean up on me in another week or two and that That’s why Flynn was clean up on either either end amounting to number might be up over 100.” immediately intrigued end amounting to another few hours,” Fly“We’ll be using AeroBarrier in (and skeptical) when he nn said. That’s a far cry any air-sealing project Silver Maple heard about AeroBar- another few hours.” from the days or weeks handles.” rier. Marketed as a — Sean Flynn it might have taken to The system is not appropriate for “breakthrough envelope paper and tape the same all projects and there will certainly sealing technology,” AeroBarrier is space. What’s more, the resulting still be a time and place for tape an aerosol air sealing system that is ACH50 scores are far better than and even sprayfoam (a product blown into a home while the space what they could have reached using Flynn says he’s trying hard to get is pressurized during a blower door older air sealing methods. away from). Because of the open-air test. It can be performed either after “To be honest I had little faith that process, it is not practical for a space the exterior sheathing and all outside it was actually going to work,” Flynn that is lived-in during construction penetrations are complete up against said. But he was interested enough in as it would require either covering or that outside plane, or up against the possibility that he bought one of clearing out all belongings to avoid sheetrock to the inside of that inner- the first rigs available on the market. them being ruined by the spray. most plane. (Flynn prefers the latter, “I told them that I’d give it a try and Otherwise, Flynn says, there are saying that he is more comfortable if I didn’t like how it worked I was few examples of projects that it with the air barrier to the inside of going to send it back,” Flynn said. “I wouldn’t work for. the insulation so as to avoid any risk thought it was going back for sure, Skeptics may have reason to quesof dew inside the wall that could cre- but in fact it’s been amazing.” tion the longevity of this product, but ate a “mold sandwich.”) rigorous testing on the product have The house is pressurized using a yielded great results, suggesting it blower door method to about 100 will perform at its peak for at least Pascals of pressure. Tripods are 50 years. That’s equal to or better set up inside the house with tubes than the other air sealing materials containing the patented acrylic caulk on the market, Flynn says. Some that lead to the rig that’s outside. may also question the safety of this Once the switch is flipped and the product as well. Flynn says that it’s appropriate pressure is reached, the definitely not safe to be in the space “emitters” begin to spray, releasing a during application, since the caulk fine mist into the air. would stick to you and get into your “From there it’s like a water balnose, mouth and any other openings. loon with pin pricks in it that’s being However, according to AeroBarrier, squeezed,” Flynn says. “Because of after 30 minutes of depressurization the pressure the caulk is attracted to the space is safe. The caulk itself is those areas where there’s a gap in the GreenGuard Gold certified, “meanpressurized cavity.” ing you can effectively eat it and be The caulk efficiently finds gaps fine,” Flynn says. and quickly fills them, tiny fibers Editor’s Note: Since purchasing within the material interweaving as the AeroBarrier system, Sean Flynn it fills holes and plugs leaks from the started a spin-off business from outermost point in. It does not stick Silver Maple called Zone 6 Energy, to vertical surfaces, so stays clear of which is a subcontracting company walls or other vertical planes, creatthat takes the AeroBarrier system on ing messes only on horizontal ledges EQUIPMENT ROLLED INTO the the road. Demand for this new air such as windowsills or floors (which job site controls the AeroBarrier sealing technology has taken them to can either be covered or wiped clean spraying system. The system in- New Hampshire, Maine and Massacludes a compressor, generator, immediately after application). chusetts, completing projects rangOperators from the outside watch blower door, emitters, hoses, and ing from Passive Houses to large a computer that monitors the job. through a computerized interface as Photo courtesy of AeroBarrier multi-family buildings in Boston.
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RIPTON RESIDENT ALEX Carver, right, co-owner of Northern Timbers Construction, received Efficiency Vermont’s inaugural Leadership Award from EV Senior Energy Consultant Matt Sargent at a building design event last month.
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Ripton builder inspires next gen RIPTON — Alex Carver of several homes built by H4H, Northern Timbers Construction and Efficiency Vermont’s senior has been selected as the first energy consultant Lee Ling winner of the Leadership Award Young to lead H4H toward a goal from Efficiency Vermont’s of producing high-performance Efficiency Excellence homes. Network. The award Terwilliger was presented during designed the most EV’s Better Buildings recent house, by Design event in is committed to completed by February. H4H in 2018 in education and New for 2019 Cornwall, with inspiring the next and part of EV’s Carver contributing “Best of the Best” generation. His his knowledge and recognition program, relationship-based expertise to the the Leadership approach lifts volunteer builders, Award recognizes along with work by an individual in the everyone up. There’s Northern Timbers Efficiency Excellence no ego tied up in it. professionals on Network who We need more Alex some aspects of has demonstrated Carvers out there!” the project. The innovation, influence house, H4H’s 10th — Matt Sargent in Addison County, and commitment to the energy efficiency recently passed tests industry. Efficiency Vermont is the making it the first H4H home to state’s energy efficiency utility, be a certified high-performance providing technical advice and home. financial support for efficiency “Alex Carver has worked with projects to homeowners, Efficiency Vermont on just about businesses and communities. every project he’s done in the last Carver has been working in 10 years,” said Matt Sargent, a the construction business in senior energy consultant with EV. Addison County for decades. “He builds most of his projects to In recent years, he has also a high-performance home level. worked extensively with Habitat Even if he’s doing a remodeling for Humanity of Addison project, he’ll consult with us to County (H4H), and joined the make sure he’s doing it as well as organization’s board in 2018. He possible. He is always willing to has advised the group on energy learn about and implement new efficiency, and collaborated with techniques and technologies and architect Jean Terwilliger of to share that experience with us.” Vermont Integrative Architecture Sargent also praised Carver in Middlebury, who has designed as “very collaborative, not
“Alex
competitive,” and generous with his time. Carver enjoys giving back to the building community and sharing his experiences in hopes they will benefit others. He has taken a lead role with the latest Addison County H4H project, a collaboration with EV and Middlebury College professor John McLeod and his architecture students. The project aims to build two homes on a Seymour Street lot in Middlebury. “Alex is committed to education and inspiring the next generation,” Sargent says. “His relationship-based approach lifts everyone up. There’s no ego tied up in it. We need more Alex Carvers out there!” Carver said he was honored to receive the first Leadership Award, and that it “reflects what Northern Timbers is all about, the homes we build, and our commitment to spreading the word about energy efficiency.” He noted that he and Jean Terwilliger had given presentations on energy-efficient design and construction at trade shows, including EV’s annual Better Buildings by Design. Carver lives in Ripton with his wife, Sally, a nurse at Middlebury College’s Parton Center for Health and Wellness. They have three grown children: daughter Virginia and twins Zander and Eliza. Efficiency Vermont also honored Carver in 2015, when he was named Residential New Construction Partner of the Year.
Tips to make your older home efficient (MS) — While new homes are being built to be more energy efficient than ever before, thanks to a growing green building movement and increasingly strict building codes, the age of existing dwellings continues to present challenges. More than 40 percent of the housing stock in the United States was built before 1969 and simply wouldn’t stand up to today’s standards. Yet, much can be done to help homeowners improve their building envelope to reduce energy use and increase efficiency. Improving your home’s energy efficiency can help save money, keep you more comfortable, reduce pollution, and prevent global warming. Try these five simple measures to maximize the energy efficiency of your home: 1. Seal cracks and gaps around your home’s windows, doors, and vents. These can be a considerable source of energy loss, allowing
conditioned air to escape and unconditioned air to infiltrate your home, placing stress on your furnace and air conditioner in the process. An easy DIY solution is to caulk around windows, doors, and vents, and install or replace worn weatherstripping. An average home loses up to 30 percent of its energy through air leaks, so sealing your home is a worthwhile exercise. 2. Top up or replace old insulation in your attic. A poorly insulated attic is a primary source of energy loss. Also, over time, some types of insulation can settle and compact, allowing heat to escape through gaps. Experts recommend installing a dimensionally stable batt insulation. Aim for an r-value of at least R-50, or a depth of roughly 16 inches. 3. Insulate basement headers. Uninsulated basement headers are common, especially in older
homes. They can act as a gateway for heated air to escape. Fixing the problem is fast and easy. Simply cut the insulation to fit the cavity and compress into place. Doing this throughout your basement will prevent heat loss and can potentially save hundreds of dollars each year. 4. Switch to LED light bulbs. Some LED light bulbs have a lifespan of up to 10 years, and are 80 to 90 percent more efficient than incandescent bulbs. They are generally more environmentally friendly than CFLs and safer, too, since they produce less heat. The return on investment is excellent, as LED bulbs often pay for themselves through energy savings within the first year. 5. Consider a home energy audit. This will help you identify and target specific problematic areas of energy loss. A professional home energy audit will also provide a list of recommended solutions to help you maximize your energyefficiency strategy. — Metro Creative
Battery storage (Continued from Page 2C) approval from the state’s Public Utility Commission for three more similar projects in Ferrisburgh, Essex and Milton, said Kristin Kelly, director of communications for GMP. Olivia Campbell Andersen, head of Renewable Energy Vermont, said that energy storage also provides backup power for homeowners when their electricity goes out in a storm. Over the past two decades, the Green Mountain State has seen more extreme precipitation events than any other time in the historical record, according to a report from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
“In Vermont, we are tragically — like everyone else in the world — already experiencing the early impacts of climate change,” said Campbell Andersen. Customers can receive an upfront payment of $850 per kilowatt of battery storage they enroll for 10 years in exchange for allowing the utility to access stored energy during peak demand. Electric vehicle chargers can also be enrolled in the program for a $10 a month bill credit but are not eligible for an upfront payment. GMP particularly wants to encourage customers with solar panels in grid-constrained areas to
add energy storage units and will provide an extra $150 per kilowatt enrolled. The incentives will be available until 2 megawatts of storage, or roughly 600 customers, enroll. The battery storage pilot program is part of the utility’s Tier III requirements under the state’s renewable energy standard, said Kristin Carlson, vice president at GMP. She said the program will save customers $300,000 after payout to participants is factored in. Depending on the success of the pilot, the utility plans to file with the state’s Public Utility Commission to continue the incentives, she said.
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PAGE 6C — HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019
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Efficiency Vt. recognized by peers BURLINGTON — The American Council for an EnergyEfficient Economy (ACEEE) has named three Efficiency Vermont programs as being among the most outstanding in the nation, based on their effectiveness and innovation in helping customers achieve greater levels of energy efficiency. “These programs are delivering energy savings that help customers reduce their costs and maintain comfortable, durable, safe homes and productive businesses,” said Rachel Gold, ACEEE’s Utilities Program senior manager in a press release this winter. “They also
make an important environmental contribution by reducing pollution from the use of fossil fuels.” Efficiency Vermont was recognized for its Low-Income Electrical Efficiency Program, HighPerformance Home Program, and Heat Pump Water Heater Program. ACEEE, a nonprofit research group based in Washington, D.C, honored 53 programs nationally with this award. “We are honored to be nationally recognized for these programs,” said Rebecca Foster, director of Efficiency Vermont. “We partner with an impressive network of
HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019 — PAGE 7C
Vermont’s other utilities, efficient equipment suppliers, and service providers to deploy these programs across the state. This recognition by ACEEE tells us we’re on the right track to help Vermont’s residents and businesses reduce their energy costs, while at the same time making their homes and buildings more comfortable, safer, and healthier.” Learn more about the ways that Efficiency Vermont reduces costs and improves facilities for homes, businesses, institutions, and communities statewide at efficiencyvermont.com.
Composting food repurposes waste
Many homeowners spend sub- a potent and harmful greenhouse gas. stantial amounts of time and money And in Vermont, new laws going tending to their lawns. A lush lawn can into effect over the next year or so will be a point of pride for require that homeowners homeowners, and wellcompost their food scraps maintained landscapes or pay a hauler to take also have a positive them away. effect on property value. adding fruit and Composting is relaHomeowners who tively simple and serves vegetable waste, bury as a cost-effective way to want to take care of their lawns and gardens in an it beneath 10 inches enrich soil and suppress eco-friendly way may of compost material. plant diseases and pest want to consider com- You can do this by infestations. Homeownposting. According to ers who want to try their the U.S. Environmental mixing your pile with hand at composting can Protection Agency, food your pitchfork or consider the following scraps and lawn waste shovel. advice from the EPA. make up about 20 to 30 • Purchase the right tools. Composting is not percent of what we throw away each year. Composting such expensive, but you will need a few waste can enrich the soil in homeown- tools to help maintain your compost ers’ yards while also reducing the size pile. A pitchfork or square-point of local landfills, where food scraps shovel will be necessary so you can periodically mix or turn the comand lawn waste contribute to post. In addition, a water the production of methane, hose with a spray
When
head can help maintain the pile. • Choose the right spot. A compost pile or bin should be placed in a shady area close to a water source. Shade will help ensure the pile does not dry out too quickly, especially for those homeowners who live in warmer climates. Those who live in colder regions may want to locate their piles in spots that get some sun exposure to trap some solar heat in their piles. Build the pile over lawn or soil instead of over surfaces like asphalt or concrete. • Add materials as you collect them. The EPA notes that composting requires three basic ingredients: water, brown materials and green materials. Brown materials include dead branches, leaves and twigs, while greens include grass clippings, vegetable waste, fruit scraps, and coffee grounds. Chop larger materials as necessary, adding both brown and green materials as you collect them and watering dry materials as necessary. • Bury fruit and vegetable waste. When adding fruit and vegetable waste, bury it beneath 10 inches of compost material. You can do this by mixing your pile with your pitchfork or shovel. If necessary, cover the top of your compost pile with a tarp so the pile can retain moisture. Compost may take as long as two years before it’s usable, but when materials are dark and rich in color, they’re ready to be spread. — Metro Creative
Keep the heat, replace old windows Replacing old windows is often a worthwhile investment for homeowners. Energy-efficient windows can prevent heating and cooling loss and keep homes more comfortable throughout the year. Such windows also can improve a home’s resale value, proving a good return on investment for homeowners who want to upgrade their homes before putting them on the market. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, homeowners might find it more cost-effective to replace very old and/or inefficient windows to improve their energy efficiency. Such an upgrade can save homeowners substantial amounts of money on heating and cooling costs. Window replacement projects can be costly, so it pays to get the job right the first time. Before beginning a window replacement project, homeowners should research which windows will meet their specific needs, learning the subtleties between finishes and features, as well as comparing prices for the windows and installation. Choose the right time of year The best time of year to plan window replacement is when the
weather will be warm, ideally in the spring or early summer. However, homeowners do not want conditions to be too warm, as each room where new windows will be installed will temporarily be exposed to the elements. Furthermore, caulk adheres better in warmer weather and will dispense easily. Consider available features When replacing windows, homeowners may want to install the same style windows they currently have. But the problems that led to the need to replace windows may still exist even when new windows are installed. When replacing windows, consider energy performance ratings based on the locations of the windows in the house. To make sure they make the most educated decision, homeowners can investigate the solar heat gain coefficient, U-factor, visible transmittance and light-tosolar gain. Explanations of these ratings are available at Energy.gov. Don’t ignore maintenance needs Maintenance costs involved with cleaning, repairs and painting can add up. When shopping for windows, consider the amount of maintenance they will need. Wood-
framed windows may require more upkeep than aluminum, fiberglass or vinyl. Also, consider if certain window types, such as double-hung windows, casement windows, awning windows, or slider windows, would be practical. Keep home style in mind A poor match between windows and the style of the home can produce unwanted changes in the appearance of the home. Replacement windows should match the style and appearance desired. Expect minimal disruption When homeowners hire professionals who are good at their craft, window replacement projects should not be a terrible inconvenience. Seasoned professionals should be able to complete a replacement window upgrade in a short amount of time depending on the size of the home and the number of windows being replaced. Ask around for recommendations. Replacing windows can be a costly task, but one that will provide a more energy efficient home that can help homeowners save money in the long run. — Metro Creative
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PAGE 8C — HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019
Here are a few tips to help use less water
The are a number of reasons to conserve water, but perhaps none is more urgent or compelling than the role water plays in human survival. Water.org notes than human beings can survive for weeks without food but only make it a few days without water. What’s more, the foods humans eat, namely plants and animals, require water to survive. The world’s supply of fresh water is dwindling, a troubling notion on its own, and even more so when considering the human population is only growing. In fact, the World Water Council estimates that the world’s population will grow by as much as 50 percent in the next halfcentury. Such a reality only highlights the need to conserve water. Though the growing global water shortage is a complex problem, the many ways people can conserve water are quite simple. • Change your diet. Reducing consumption of livestock and poultry in favor of vegetables can help people dramatically reduce their water consumption. According to the Grace Communications Foundation (GRACE), a nonprofit organization dedicated to creating a more sustainable food system, livestock and poultry produced in the United States consume substantial amounts of water-intensive feed. By reducing consumption of such products, consumers can greatly reduce their water footprints. When eating meat, dairy and eggs, GRACE recommends opting for pastureraised products that feed on grass, which is less likely to be irrigated than water-needy food sources like corn and soybeans that are fed to many commercially produced livestock and poultry. • Reduce water consumption when cooking. When cooking, some cooks might find it convenient to keep faucets running so they can more easily rinse foods and their hands. However, such practices are incredibly wasteful, as substantial amounts of water literally goes
Energy audits identify air leaks Overconsumption of energy is a problem that plagues many homeowners. Wasting energy can hurt homeowners’ bottom lines and the planet. But many homeowners aren’t aware just how much energy their homes are consuming and even wasting. That’s why a home energy audit can be so important. A home energy audit or assessment investigates just how much energy a home consumes so homeowners can make their homes more energy efficient. Audits identify where energy is being wasted and can offer suggestions to fix the problem. The U.S. Department of Energy advises that the average U.S. household consumes around 90 million btus in a year. Of the energy used in homes, nearly 50 percent goes to heating and cooling. Water heating, appliances, electronics, and lighting account for the remaining consumption. Consumers can save between 5 and 30 percent on home energy
bills by getting a home energy audit and making the adjustments advised by auditors. There are two types of energy audits: professional and do-ityourself. Professional auditors will go room-to-room to assess a home’s energy use. Typical testing includes thermographic scans and infrared cameras to determine air leakage and insulation; a blower door test, which depressurizes the home and simulates the effect of a 20 mph wind to find air leaks; and watt meter measurements to test energy usage by various devices throughout the house. Before an auditor comes to the house, homeowners can make a list of any problems or concerns they want to discuss with the auditor. The auditor also may interview the homeowner to learn about how the home normally runs and can analyze energy bills to determine typical energy consumption. Windows, doors, HVAC systems, insulation, fireplaces, and lighting fixtures all may be assessed during
a professional audit. Even though a professional audit is usually the best way to determine where a home is losing energy, homeowners can conduct their own audits to detect and fix problems. Locating and sealing air leaks, addressing inadequate ventilation, checking that insulation levels and vapor barriers are at recommended levels, and inspecting HVAC systems should be part of any DIY audit. If a heating/cooling unit is more than 15 years old, the DOE suggests having it replaced with a newer, energy-efficient unit. An energy audit can identify areas around a home where improvements can be made to reduce energy consumption and waste. Upgrading to new appliances, replacing light bulbs, sealing drafts, improving insulation, and addressing moisture and water leaks can be good for the environment and help homeowners save money. — Metro Creative
Cut your carbon footprint: Ride a bike! down the drain when faucets are running unattended. In addition, homeowners can install low-flow faucets in their sinks, which GRACE notes typically flow at 1.5 gallons per minute instead of the five gallons per minute of more traditional faucets. • Take showers instead of baths. Baths might feel like just what the doctor ordered after a long day, but baths are considerably more wasteful than showers. GRACE estimates that the average bath can require as many as 50 gallons of water, while a 10-minute shower under a low-flow showerhead requires roughly half that amount of water. • Take your conservation efforts outside. Water conservation efforts need not be confined to indoors. Homeowners who pride themselves on having lush green lawns can still produce envious
landscapes while conserving water. When watering a lawn, do so in the early morning hours or early evening. Temperatures tend to be more mild during these hours than in the middle of the day, meaning less water will be lost to evaporation. Consider the weather when watering the lawn as well. If wind is in the forecast, turn off automatic sprinklers and hand water if absolutely necessary. Gusty winds increase water loss due to evaporation and prevent water from getting to the lawn. In addition, if the forecast is predicting rain, turn off automatic sprinklers and let nature water the lawn instead. The need to conserve water is urgent. But as complex a problem as the dwindling world water supply is, the efforts to solve that problem through conservation can be simple. — Metro Creative
Taking care of the planet by reducing carbon footprints is the responsibility of all global citizens. A carbon footprint is defined as the total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activity. Your carbon footprint is the sum of all emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide), which were induced by your activities in a given time frame — typically a year. Individuals who take steps to reduce their carbon footprints can have a dramatic impact on their own lives and the lives of those who come after them. 1. Consider solar power. Solar panels installed on the roof of your home can reduce your reliance on electricity and natural gas. Solar companies may offer financing options to minimize upfront costs. Some states have a “net metering” law, which may enable you to eliminate your electricity bill or even earn money by selling electricity back to the grid. 2. Make changes to transportation. Transportation accounts for almost half of all air pollution and more than one-third of greenhouse
gas emissions, says the David Suzuki Foundation, a Canadian conservation group. Walking, biking or taking mass transit to get around can reduce your carbon footprint. If you must drive, stick to the speed limit, accelerating and stopping smoothly. Also, maintain your vehicle so it operates as efficiently as possible. 3. Opt out of junk mail. CarbonFund.org says the energy used to produce, deliver and dispose of junk mail produces more greenhouse gas emissions than 2.8 million cars combined. Choose email options for marketing information and bills and ask companies to reduce the amount of paper correspondence they distribute. The organization 41Pounds.org will contact direct-mail companies for you and eliminate unnecessary junk mail for a nominal fee. 4. Choose local foods. Food production and transportation increases
greenhouse gas emissions. Select locally grown and organically produced food. In so doing, you’re not only helping the environment, but you’re also helping local business owners. There are many ways for concerned citizens to reduce their carbon footprints. Small changes can quickly add up to large, far-reaching results. — Metro Creative
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HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019 — PAGE 9C
Simple home eco-improvements By SCOTT MCGILLIVRAY Did you know that being environmentally conscious is also an easy way to put money in your pocket? You can significantly reduce your carbon footprint and energy consumption if you have an efficient home and use cleaner products. Consider a few simple eco-improvements to reduce energy consumption and increase savings on your monthly energy bill. Insulation: If your house is older, chances are the insulation doesn’t meet new code requirements. An improperly insulated attic is a primary source of energy loss and results in your furnace and air conditioning units working harder than necessary. By topping up the existing attic insulation you can significantly reduce energy loss. House appliances: Replacing your furnace, hot water tank and air conditioning unit with highefficiency models is also a good way to lower your home’s energy consumption. Windows: It’s usually obvious
when it’s time for new windows. Replacing worn and drafty windows can also improve the comfort and overall look of your home. If you want to reap the greatest energy savings, request a custom brick-tobrick installation, because inserts can leave gaps, especially if placed in the old, inefficient jamb. Landscape your home for energy efficiency. Plant a few tall, deciduous trees near your home to significantly reduce the amount of solar energy passing through windows and beating down on your roof. In fact, the right amount of shade in the right places can reduce cooling bills by 10 to 50 percent. The quick eco-list: Here are a few low-cost DIY projects you can tackle easily for greater energy savings: • Caulk around windows • Add weather stripping to doors • Install low-flow showerheads • Put aerators on faucets • Switch to energy-efficient LED
or CFL bulbs • Change your furnace filter • Set up a programmable thermostat. Scott McGillivray is the awardwinning TV host of the series “Income Property,” a full-time real estate investor, contractor, author, and educator. — Metro Creative
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PAGE 10C — HOME IMPROVEMENT • Addison Independent, Thursday, March 21, 2019
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