See pages 12 & 13 for
Making Sure the Kids Are All Right
Emotional wellness has become a vital part of childhood education.
By Liz Spikol
Carolina might not tell you she loves to write, but she will show you.
Every day after school, the 10-year-old comes to Mighty Writers El Futuro Kennett in Toughkenamon, ready to take on one of the daily writing exercises offered at the Southern Chester County learning center.
In the beginning, she’d quietly ask for help reading the prompt on the board and was reluctant to write anything down on the notebook pages in front of her.
“I was shy and did not talk that much,” says Carolina, who came to the U.S. from Mexico a few years ago with her parents, migrant farmworkers picking mushrooms in Kennett. “At first, I didn't want to talk to anyone.”
Mighty Writers’ teachers understood Carolina’s reticence immediately.
Like the hundreds of families Mighty Writers El Futuro works with each year, the center’s teachers are Latino immigrants who understand how scary it is to land in an unfamiliar place where everyone speaks a foreign language.
Carolina’s teacher gently encouraged her to improve her writing in both Spanish and English and to share it with other students. They also facilitated interactions with her peers, building her
social skills and confidence.
The blended focus on academic skills and socialemotional learning paid off. Now, just one year later, Carolina is a class leader. She boldly asks the teacher to read her writing out loud, and she socializes happily with other children. She even helps orient new students when they arrive.
“Now I'm the first one to talk to them,” Carolina says. “I don't want them to feel alone and uncomfortable, so I try my best to make them feel safe and heard.”
Meanwhile, her teacher says Carolina’s reading and writing “have soared to new heights.” Her academic achievement has gone hand in hand with her improved social skills.
In this way, this little class ambassador is far from unique.
In the last two decades, there’s been a significant shift in childhood education to include more socialemotional learning (SEL), including programs that help kids build so-called “soft skills” like empathy and emotional self-regulation.
Research shows that when children feel safe and have their emotional needs met, they can better focus on school and absorb academic material.
Students who participate in SEL programs have been shown to have a marked increase in school performance compared to students without them.
Along with improving classroom attention, engagement and motivation, SEL builds social-emotional competencies that make students more likely to complete high school and pursue higher education. And we all know how far emotional intelligence goes in the workplace — even (or especially) a summer job between college semesters.
This is why Mighty Writers El Futuro Kennett pays careful attention to student mental health — preparing them for life, not just school.
Carolina didn’t know, of course, that her teachers’ interventions were rooted in pedagogical notions of building resilience and adaptability. What she did know was that she felt valued, safe, and inspired to excel.
“I've become more confident, and I can talk to people when I first meet them without being really nervous,” Carolina says. “I'm happy with how much I've grown.”
As for her academic skills, her English language and literacy proficiency have improved so much that school is fun for her. The sky’s the limit.
“It won’t be long,” her teacher says, “before her voice extends off that lined paper to the rest of the world.”
Liz Spikol is the communications director of Mighty Writers, a 501(c)(3) whose mission is to teach kids of all ages to think clearly and write with clarity. Mighty Writers El Futuro Kennett offers free bilingual after-school writing workshops and summer camps, homework help, mentorships and free family activities. Our client-choice food pantry provides free fresh food and basic needs items to the community. For more information, go to mightywriters.org. For more information, visit us at mightywriters.org, or contact
HEALTH & MEDICAL GUIDE
is published annually by the Chester County Press, P.O. Box 150, Kelton, PA 19346. For more information please call 610-869-5553.
Why Sleep Is Important
Those who don’t get enough sleep don’t just risk dozing off in an important afternoon meeting. There are serious health implications, particularly over the long term.
The reasons for these struggles with rest vary widely. Some simply struggle to quiet their minds, while others may opt to sacrifice sleep hours to get more done each day. Others may suffer
from a physical condition that keeps them from easily falling or remaining asleep. Work and family obligations may compound the issue. Whatever the cause, this is a situation that needs to be
addressed before the lack of sufficient sleep becomes a far more serious issue.
WHY IT MATTERS
Sleep plays a crucial role in metabolism, immunity
and other essential brain functions like memory. It plays a key factor in learning, too – and not just because those who get more rest often find it easier to concentrate. Studies show that deep,
restorative sleep enables our brains to more easily process new information and store it away for retrieval later. Not getting enough sleep can lead to an over-reliance on caffeine, and that can have its own adverse effects if consumed in high enough doses.
HOW MUCH IS NEEDED?
We have seen significant advancements in sleep
technology over the years, including adjustable mattresses and memory pillows. Yet an unbroken night of restful sleep can remain elusive. The amount you need varies depending on age. For newborns, the range is 14 to 17 hours a day. For older adults, it’s 7 to 8 hours. The general rule is to simply listen to your body to determine how much sleep you need.
Peter P. Patellis, DMD, DICOI, FMII
Tamatha Bowes, BS, MS, DMD
GETTING TO SLEEP
Try to maintain a consistent bedtime and wake-up time — even on weekends.
Experts advise against taking late-afternoon naps, while recommending that all naps be kept under 20 minutes.
Avoid consuming caffeine and alcohol, particularly late in the day. Engaging in daily physical activity can help.
NOW ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS
Experience
When preparing for sleep, turn off all screens — including your phone — at least an hour before bedtime. This kind of visual input can have a direct effect on your sleep. If you are still having trouble, take a deeper look at your sleep environment. Factors like noise and light may be playing a role. If you continue to feel sleepdeprived, see your doctor.
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How to Find Trustworthy Sources
In the digital age, health information is more accessible than ever before.
A quick internet search can yield thousands of results on any health topic, from common cold remedies to complex medical treatments. However, not all health information online is reliable, and distinguishing between credible sources and misinformation can help you make informed decisions about your health. “Doctor Google” is not as reliable as an actual human doctor.
DANGERS OF MISINFORMATION
The sheer volume of healthrelated content on the internet can be overwhelming, and unfortunately, much of it is misleading or outright false. Inaccurate health information can lead to harmful selfdiagnosis, improper treatment and increased anxiety. For instance, relying on unverified sources for serious conditions like heart disease or cancer could delay necessary medical intervention.
Misinformation is especially dangerous during public health crises, such as the
COVID-19 pandemic, when false claims about treatments or vaccines spread quickly. The rise of social media has exacerbated this issue, as posts and videos promoting unproven remedies or conspiracy theories often gain wide circulation.
IDENTIFYING
TRUSTWORTHY SOURCES
When evaluating health
information, consider the source. Reputable health organizations, government websites and peer-reviewed journals are typically the most reliable. Websites like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) offer evidence-based information that experts in
the field regularly update. Medical professionals and academic institutions are credible sources. Websites affiliated with hospitals, universities or healthcare providers often feature articles written or reviewed by doctors, specialists or researchers. Look for information that cites studies published in reputable medical journals, such as
“The New England Journal of Medicine” or “The Lancet.”
EVALUATING ONLINE HEALTH INFORMATION
When reading health inf ormation online, always check the author’s credentials. Are they a licensed health care professional or an expert in the field? Be cautious of websites that lack transparency about their
authors or do not clearly explain their qualifications. Pay attention to tone and language. Trustworthy sources rely on facts and evidence, not fearmongering or sensational claims. If a website promises quick fixes, miracle cures or has a commercial interest in selling a product, it’s best to approach the information with skepticism.
Check the publication date,
as health recommendations and guidelines can change over time. Outdated information may no longer be relevant or accurate, especially as new research and treatments emerge.
The National Library of Medicine offers a free tutorial on evaluating online health information at medlineplus.gov/ webeval/EvaluatingInternet HealthInformationTutorial.
CONSULT A PROFESSIONAL
Finally, while online research can provide helpful background information, it’s no substitute for professional medical advice.
Always consult with a health care provider before making decisions about your health, particularly when it comes to diagnosing conditions or starting new treatments.
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Eye Strain in the Digital World
Whether for work or fun, phones, computers and tablets provide portals to the outside world. Most of us are now spending numerous hours staring at these screens.
This constant exposure can lead to digital eye strain. Fortunately, we can promote better eye health by making a few simple adjustments. That starts with practicing mindful habits.
DEFINING THE TERM
The official name for digital eye strain is “computer vision syndrome.” The American Optometric Association describes the syndrome as a “group of eye- and visionrelated problems that result from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use.” Doctors have seen a sharp rise in these symptoms over the past few decades as the average American worker spends seven hours a day on the computer. The viewing distance for this type of work is often much closer than other reading tasks, and that ends up placing additional demands on our eyes.
WHAT YOU CAN DO
Begin by implementing new settings that are suitable for your eyes. Create an ergonomically friendly workspace and make sure the screen isn’t too bright or too dark. Next, begin taking regular breaks. There are special eye exercises that may help. It all works in concert to prioritize the well-being of eyesight so you can continue to experience the world around you with comfort and clarity.
SCREEN SETTINGS
Adjust your screen settings to your eyesight throughout the day. Adjust the brightness to match your environment. A screen that’s still set to outdoor brightness will strain your eyes if you shift to a darker indoor environment. Opt for larger text and more readable fonts if you find yourself squinting. Continue adjusting until everything on your screen is comfortably readable. If
glare is a problem, consider activating blue light filters on your screen. Many devices offer this as a built-in option; you can also download blue light filter apps.
TIME AWAY
It’s important to give your eyes a break during long periods of screen time. Experts recommend a simple
20/20/20 approach: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. This simple exercise provides rest and a chance to refocus for your eyes, reducing strain. Try to focus on blinking regularly if your eyes become dry and itchy since that promotes hydration. Take a few deep breaths, too.
Staying on Schedule
Doctor visits aren’t only for the sick. Regularly scheduled wellness checks are essential for maintaining good health.
Everyone should seek medical attention when they are sick, of course, but routine check-ups — also known as physicals or well visits — offer a wide range of benefits that go beyond immediate health concerns. So, make an appointment for at least one of these visits annually. They are covered under most insurance policies, and are offered at no cost through Medicare.
EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION
Well visits are important because they provide a critical opportunity for protection or early detection of illnesses. During these appointments, a healthcare professional will conduct thorough assessments of your overall health. That may include physical exams, a review of your personal and family history, medical evaluations, mental health evaluations and routine screenings. By closely monitoring key health indicators, doctors can identify problems at their
initial stages. Early detection allows for timely intervention before you develop more serious issues.
PROMOTING WELLNESS
These well visits go beyond preventing and treating illness, as they likewise focus on promoting overall wellness. Healthcare providers will use these visits as an opportunity to discuss healthy lifestyle choices such as exercise, stress management, nutrition and mental health. They’ll offer guidance on disease prevention, weight management, smoking cessation, alcohol intake and more. They’ll then help you develop a plan to address these things, empowering you to adopt healthier habits while making positive changes that improve your quality of life.
OTHER BENEFITS
Regularly managing chronic conditions can lead to improved outcomes — and can potentially save lives.
Well visits may also include important vaccinations and immunizations which protect against preventable diseases and reduce the risk of outbreaks in your community. These visits may include discussions about age-appropriate screenings like mammograms, colorectal cancer screens and prostate screenings.
TALKING THINGS OVER
Develop an open and honest relationship with your healthcare provider through these regular well visits.
Continuity of care helps doctors better understand your lifestyle, individual health needs and medical history. You’ll receive more personalized health recommendations tailored to your specific situation. Open communication during well visits also allows for discussions about other questions, concerns or notable changes in your health status. You’ll be actively participating in your health decisions and wellbeing — and that’s a good feeling, too.
Jenny Chen
Managing Life with OCD
While many people make jokes about obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), the symptoms aren’t amusing to those who have to live with the condition.
Thankfully, with the right coping strategies, those affected can learn to manage symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.
OCD is a chronic mental health condition characterized by unwanted, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) aimed at relieving the anxiety those thoughts cause. While there is no cure, several approaches can help people cope with the daily challenges of OCD.
UNDERSTANDING OCD
OCD affects millions of people worldwide and can interfere with daily routines, relationships, and overall well-being. Individuals with OCD may experience compulsions like repeated handwashing, checking,
or counting in an attempt to alleviate their obsessive thoughts. These rituals can become time-consuming, leading to stress and frustration.
Golden Steps
ABA, an organization focused on autism, reports that OCD affects one in 40 adults with the average age of onset being 19. Women are more likely than men to have it and about one-third of the people who have OCD also have a tic disorder.
Because OCD is a complex
disorder, it’s important to work with healthcare professionals to develop a treatment plan tailored to individual needs. Most treatment plans include a combination of therapy, medication, and self-care strategies.
Golden Steps reports that nearly one-third of people with OCD do not receive treatment. When it goes untreated, people with the condition are at higher risk for substance abuse, depression, eating disorders
and anxiety disorders. The NIMH said that 76% of people with OCD have at least one other mental health disorder. OCD can result from childhood trauma or genetic factors.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
One of the most effective treatments for OCD is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), specifically a technique known as exposure and response prevention (ERP). ERP involves gradually
exposing individuals to situations that trigger their obsessions while preventing them from engaging in compulsive behaviors. Over time, this process can reduce the anxiety associated with obsessive thoughts and lessen the urge to perform rituals.
With the help of a therapist, individuals with OCD learn to confront their fears in a controlled and supportive
environment. CBT can take time to show results, but can significantly improve quality of life.
MEDICATION
Medication can be a tool to manage OCD symptoms. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a class of antidepressants, are commonly prescribed to help regulate serotonin levels in the brain. For many
individuals, SSRIs reduce the intensity of obsessive thoughts and compulsions, making it easier to engage in therapy.
It may take time to find the right dosage and medication that works best.
SELF-CARE AND COPING STRATEGIES
Coping strategies can help manage OCD symptoms. Mindfulness techniques,
such as meditation and deep breathing exercises, can reduce anxiety and help individuals stay grounded. Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy diet also support mental wellbeing.
Building a support network is equally important. Sharing experiences with family, friends or support groups can ease feelings of isolation and provide emotional support.
Don’t Forget the Water
Self-care is often presented as a multi-tier collection of complex, often expensive actions. Yet one of the most important aspects of good health is also one of the simplest and least costly: remaining hydrated.
WHY IT’S SO IMPORTANT
It’s difficult to over emphasize the importance of water, which serves as a crucial building block for life. Proper hydration supports bodily functions, aids in circulation and digestion, promotes cognitive function and helps with temperature regulation. Water helps with cell creation and creating the fluids that are necessary to keep the body functioning.
Dehydration can result in reduced energy levels, while those who drink plenty of water report improved concentration, mental sharpness and memory. Water assists in digestion, aiding in the transportation of nutrients and waste through the digestive system. This can help prevent problems like constipation. Staying hydrated enhances physical performance by supporting muscle function.
Drink plenty of water to support emotional health and maintain a positive mindset. Insufficient intake can influence your moods, leading to irritability. Water consumption even affects your appearance and wellbeing by contributing to healthy skin. Wellmoisturized skin can reduce the visibility of wrinkles.
HOW MUCH IS NEEDED?
Experts say women should drink 11.5 cups of water daily while men should drink 15.5, but some people’s needs may vary. Doctors generally suggest consuming a half ounce to an ounce of water for every pound of body weight. If you find plain water unappealing, try infusing it with healthy options like slices of fruit or vegetables. Other natural flavors are available that create a refreshing taste without added artificial ingredients and sugars.
GETTING ON SCHEDULE
Some may find it difficult at first to create and maintain a schedule. Start by keeping a reusable water bottle within easy reach.
Then work to incorporate regular hydration into your daily routines. For instance, you could drink a glass of water when you wake up, prior to meals and before you
go to bed. Phone reminders are a helpful tool, as well. With every gulp, you are helping to ensure that your body operates at its peak. If you’re unsure whether you’re getting enough water, monitor the color of your urine. A light yellow color indicates proper hydration, while darker urine may indicate the need for more fluids.
Snacking the Right Way
Let’s face it, maintaining a healthy diet can be very difficult in today’s fast-paced environment.
With some careful planning and wise choices, however, it’s possible to incorporate healthy snacking into your busy lifestyle.
Look for snacks that address your nutritional needs while keeping you energized throughout the day. The best options don’t merely curb your appetite. They give you what you need to thrive. Here’s how to find healthy snacks that suit your hectic schedule while also addressing the conscious decision to prioritize your health, one snack at a time.
SMARTER EATING
GETTING STARTED
Prepare everything in advance: Wash and cut vegetables and fruits while portioning out nuts, hummus or nut butter. Use reusable items like small plastic containers, mason jars or bento boxes to keep snacks fresh. Avoid overeating by practicing portion control, and stay hydrated by carrying a reusable water bottle.
EASY IDEAS
Fresh fruits such as apples, grapes and bananas are both convenient and packed
Low-carb, high-protein snacks help manage appetite and regulate blood sugar levels. Turkey roll-ups are a great example: Layer preferred ingredients like cheese, cucumbers, pickles or tomato onto a slice of turkey breast, then roll it up to create a wrap. If fruit or grain bars are your preferred snack, make sure they are whole grain, include whole-food ingredients and have minimal added sugars.
with vitamins and fiber. They also have natural sugars, rather than more potentially harmful artificial replacements. Single-serving containers of Greek yogurt are high in calcium, protein, and probiotics. Pair nut butter with apple slices and whole-grain crackers for a satisfying snack with healthy fats and protein.
Create another fun snack by cutting celery sticks and filling them with peanut butter. An easy-to-make energy-boosting trail mix includes nuts, dried fruits, seeds and a few chunks of dark chocolate. Pre-cut vegetables like carrots, bell peppers and cucumber and
then pair them with dipping hummus. The results are balanced and crunchy. String cheese is also portable, offering protein and calcium on the go.
OFF THE BEATEN PATH
Offbeat snacks like roasted chickpeas can also help us eat smarter. They’re rich in fiber and packed with essentials such as vitamins, minerals, iron, folate, magnesium, copper, phosphorus and manganese. Other snack options might include edamame, roasted watermelon seeds, baked tofu, cottage cheese, chia pudding, lentil salad and overnight oats.
“KVIS
-
Controlling Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a part of our daily lives. The question is: How much?
Our bodies naturally produce the necessary amount of cholesterol, but various outside factors can lead to a dangerous excess. Keeping these levels under control is crucial for reducing the risk of heart issues and strokes.
WHERE IT COMES FROM
Cholesterol is present in animal-based foods such as red meat, dairy products and poultry. When consumption of these high-fat foods gets out of balance, the liver produces more cholesterol. This can then accumulate
in our arteries, causing a strain on the heart as it pumps blood throughout the body. If one of these pieces of plaque dislodges, it may cause blockages that result in a stroke. Blockages near the heart can lead to a heart attack.
KNOW THE RISKS
Excess cholesterol isn’t determined solely by dietary choices. There are serious health risks associated with lifestyle choices like smoking, including high blood pressure. Diabetes in turn can increase the risk
of heart disease. Excess cholesterol can potentially lead to the development of atherosclerosis.
DIFFERENT TYPES
Different types of cholesterol play their own roles in our health. While high levels of “bad” lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can pose a risk, insufficient levels of “good” high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) cholesterol can also be problematic. Triglycerides, another type of fat produced by the body, are also regularly monitored by doctors. Factors such as lack of exercise, obesity, diabetes, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking and a diet high in fats or carbohydrates can contribute to elevated cholesterol levels. Your levels may also be
influenced by age, gender and family history.
WHAT YOU CAN DO
Help reduce cholesterol by eating heart-healthy foods. Reduce saturated fats and eliminate trans fats. Exercise can improve cholesterol, raising your “good” numbers. Most doctors recommend doing at least 30 minutes of exercise five days per week. Quit smoking, or never start.
If you drink alcohol, aim for moderation. Unfortunately, healthy lifestyle changes aren’t always enough to lower cholesterol levels. Your doctor may recommend one or more prescriptions to help lower your numbers. Take these medications as directed while continuing to make lifestyle changes. That can help keep your doses lower.
How to Get Help
Domestic violence affects millions of people worldwide, often leaving victims physically and emotionally scarred.
While the immediate concern may be safety, the long-term health consequences of domestic violence can be severe.
The Centers for Disease Control defines intimate partner violence as including such behaviors as physical violence, sexual violence, stalking or psychological aggression. More than half of all female homicide victims are killed by a current or former male intimate partner. They also stress that it is preventable. It often starts in adolescence — which is dubbed “teen dating violence.”
The National Domestic Violence Hotline reports than an average of 24 people per minute are victims of rape, physical violence or stalking by an intimate partner, more than 12 million men and women each year.
HEALTH RISKS
The health effects of domestic violence can be profound, ranging from acute injuries to chronic conditions. Physically, victims may
suffer broken bones, bruises and other injuries that require immediate medical attention. In some cases, domestic violence can lead to severe trauma, internal injuries or even death. But the dangers are not limited to physical harm. The constant stress and fear can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to illnesses. Survivors of domestic violence, according to the hotline, are more than three times as likely to meet the criteria for PTSD, two times more likely to develop depression symptoms and three times more likely to have a major depressive episode. They are six times more likely to develop a substance abuse disorder.
Studies have shown that prolonged exposure to abuse can lead to heart disease, gastrointestinal disorders and chronic pain conditions.
HOW TO GET HELP
If you or someone you know is in a domestic violence situation, there are resources available. The National Domestic Violence Hotline (1-800-799-7233) provides 24/7 confidential support and guidance. Many communities offer local
shelters and services where victims can seek refuge and begin the process of leaving an abusive relationship. Develop a safety plan, which might include finding a safe place to stay, storing emergency funds, or discreetly packing essential items. Reaching out to friends, family members or trusted individuals can provide emotional
support during this difficult time. Additionally, law enforcement agencies can assist by issuing protective orders and connecting victims with local resources.
For those in immediate danger, call 911.
RECOVERY AFTER DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Recovering from domestic violence is a complex and ongoing process that involves healing physically and emotionally. Professional counseling can help survivors process the trauma and regain control over their lives. Support groups can provide a sense of community and shared experience. Prioritize self-care. Engage in activities that promote mental and
physical well-being, such as exercise, meditation or creative outlets. Reclaiming personal independence, whether through financial education or career development, is another important step toward long-term recovery. Remember, there is help available. You don’t have to face this alone, and recovery is possible.
Taking an Alternate Path
If you’ve seen a series of doctors and tried even more medications but still suffer from chronic pain, it might be time to take the alternate path of acupuncture.
In practice for more than 2,500 years, this form of physical therapy involves the insertion of thin needles into specific areas of the body. The needles are usually manipulated by hand, although some practitioners may employ heat or small electrical currents. Relief is finally achieved for many.
As a result, acupuncture has become more and more mainstream. The National Institutes of Health now reports that acupuncture is practiced in more than 100 of the 129 countries that have supplied data. In some cases, insurance companies and even Medicare might cover treatments.
TWO SEPARATE APPROACHES
Western acupuncturists use needles to stimulate nerves,
muscles and connective tissue in hopes of enhancing the body’s natural painrelieving mechanisms. On the other hand, traditional Chinese medicine uses acupuncture to balance the flow of energy, known as chi or qi, through the body’s various meridians. Needles are inserted along these meridians to help restore energy balance.
HOW IT WORKS
Researchers have made progress in understanding the effects of acupuncture, but there is still much to learn. Studies suggest that acupuncture affects nervous system function, while
directly affecting the tissues where needles are inserted – particularly connective tissue. There is evidence to suggest that acupuncture can alleviate joint pain caused by medications taken by those with breast cancer.
The practice may help with seasonal allergy symptoms, labor pain, menstrual cramps, dental pain, nausea and vomiting, and stress incontinence in women. Some patients with back pain, headaches and osteoarthritis have continued to experience positive results up to a year after treatment with acupuncture, according to the National Institutes of Health.
BEFORE YOU GO
The procedure is generally safe, but complications are possible — particularly with unqualified practitioners. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has put industry mandates in place but there is still the risk of infections, injury to the central nervous system and even punctured organs if you don’t seek out a qualified, licensed acupuncturist. Common side effects may include soreness at insertion sites or minor bruising. Ask about the cost of the service, the proposed procedure and whether your insurance is accepted before moving forward.
Understanding Laser Cataract Surgery
By Gregory Oldham, MD
Cataract surgery is a common medical procedure designed to remove the cloudy lens of the eye, known as a cataract, and replace it with an artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). Cataracts often develop as a natural part of aging, leading to blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to light.
Traditionally, surgeons performed cataract surgery by hand, making manual incisions and breaking down the cataract in the operating room. This method is still reliable and works well with a skilled surgeon. However, even the most experienced surgeons cannot make incisions as precise as a computer-guided laser.
Laser-assisted cataract surgery, especially with the femtosecond laser, is one of the greatest advancements in eye care. Understanding this technology can help you feel more informed and confident if you or a loved one ever need cataract surgery. This article breaks down the details of laser-assisted cataract surgery to make things clearer.
What Other Lasers are Used in Eye Treatments?
Before diving into the specifics of laser-assisted cataract surgery, it is helpful to know about the variety of lasers used in eye care. All these lasers are different from the femtosecond laser used in cataract surgery. They target different parts of the eye and treat various conditions.
LASIK: Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) is a common laser procedure done on the cornea, which is the clear front part of the eye. LASIK reshapes the cornea to correct vision, reducing or eliminating the need for glasses.
Laser Therapy for Glaucoma: Laser therapy is a common treatment for glaucoma. For open-angle glaucoma, Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) is used to reduce intraocular pressure by improving fluid drainage. For narrow-angle glaucoma, YAG Peripheral Iridotomy is performed to open the eye’s drainage area, preventing fluid buildup.
Laser Treatment in Retina: Lasers are also crucial in treating retinal conditions. Photocoagulation laser therapy is used to manage retinal tears, detachments, and diabetic eye disease. This treatment helps seal retinal breaks and reduce the risk of further complications.
Laser Cataract Surgery: 1. Computer maps the eye 2. Laser makes incision and cataract is broken up 3. Cataract is removed 4-6. The intraocular lens implant is placed and positioned within the eye, completing the surgery
Dr. Oldham operating a femtosecond laser with a patient
What Is Laser Cataract Surgery?
At Chester County Eye Care, we use a femtosecond laser for laser cataract surgery. This technology is computer-controlled and allows the surgeon make a detailed 3D map of your eye before the surgery. This map allows for customized treatment. The laser is also used to perform several steps of the cataract surgery that have traditionally been completed manually by the surgeon— making the corneal incisions, creating the incision into the cataract (called the capsulorhexis), and breaking up the cloudy lens for a gentler removal.
Additionally, cataract laser surgery can correct astigmatism. Astigmatism occurs when the cornea is irregularly shaped like a football instead of being round, causing blurry vision. During laser cataract surgery, the surgeon may correct astigmatism by placing a small, precise incision in the cornea to make it rounder. It is important to note that the femtosecond laser does not perform the entire surgery. The surgeon will still need to remove the pieces of the cataract that the laser broke down. After that, they will place a new intraocular lens into the eye at the end of the surgery.
Visual representation of astigmatism, which could be reduced during laser cataract surgery
What are the Benefits of Laser Cataract Surgery?
For the right patients, cataract laser surgery offers a number of advantages over traditional treatment
methods. Key benefits of this state-of-the-art procedure can include:
• Reduction of Corneal Astigmatism with incisions created by the laser
• Gentler removal of the clouded lens
• 3D mapping of each eye for enhanced predictability
• Unparalleled treatment customization
• Laser-precise accuracy for incision-making (including the incision made into the cataract)
• Precise implantation of the intraocular lens (IOL) Laser cataract surgery is exceptionally useful for denser cataracts. These cataracts usually need more energy to break apart and using a laser can help reduce this energy use. Ultimately, using advanced laser technology helps to make cataract surgery more streamlined and exact than ever before. Greater precision surgically with the use of laser allows for more predictable visual outcomes.
Am I a Candidate for Laser Cataract Surgery?
The majority of patients are candidates for laser-assisted cataract surgery. However, it is not suitable for every patient undergoing the procedure. During a pre-operative evaluation with a cataract surgeon, they may note one of the following findings that could prevent the use of laser during surgery:
• Poor pupillary dilation (needed for the laser to effectively treat the cataract).
• Unique corneal conditions, including corneal scarring (impedes the laser from reaching the cataract within the eye).
In addition, there may be unique circumstances where a surgeon opts for another method that better suit the patient’s needs. Therefore, it is important to talk about your candidacy for this treatment with your surgeon during the preoperative consultation.
Wrap Up
With this information about laser cataract surgery, we hope you understand the procedure and its benefits better. We would love to assist you on your journey to achieve your ideal vision and make you feel comfortable with your eyesight. If you would like to learn more or schedule an appointment with us, please call us at 610696-1230 or visit www.cceceye.com.
Seasonal Illnesses
With winter here, respiratory illnesses become more common.
Experts from John Hopkins Medicine explains that because people are indoors more, they spread viruses and cold, dry air can weaken resistance.
With the overlapping symptoms of various conditions, it can be difficult to tell them apart. John Hopkins lists several common winter respiratory concerns — the common cold, flu, COVID-19, RSV, acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, and whooping cough. Here are some cues for recognizing them and taking steps to recover.
COMMON COLD
Symptoms: Sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, sore throat and mild cough. Fever is rare.
What to do: Rest, stay hydrated and use overthe-counter (OTC) cold medications to ease symptoms. Colds typically last 7-10 days and don’t require medical attention unless symptoms worsen.
INFLUENZA (FLU)
Symptoms: Sudden onset of fever, body aches, chills, fatigue, sore throat and dry cough. Flu can lead to serious complications like pneumonia.
What to do: Rest, hydrate, and take antiviral medication if prescribed by a doctor. If you are in a high-risk group — such as older adults, young children or those with underlying health conditions — seek medical attention for more severe symptoms or complications.
COVID-19
Symptoms: Similar to the flu but may also include loss of taste or smell, shortness of breath and gastrointestinal issues. Symptoms can range from mild to severe.
What to do: Get tested if you suspect COVID-19. Isolate for the recommended period, rest and monitor symptoms. Seek immediate medical help if you experience difficulty breathing or chest pain.
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV)
Symptoms: RSV presents with cold-like symptoms in adults but can cause severe respiratory distress in infants, young children and older adults. Symptoms include runny nose, cough, wheezing and fever. What to do: Mild cases resolve with rest and fluids, but more severe cases, particularly in children, may require hospitalization. Contact a health care provider if breathing difficulties arise.
ACUTE BRONCHITIS
Symptoms: Often starts
with a cold or flu, then develops into a persistent cough with mucus production. Chest discomfort and mild shortness of breath may occur.
What to do: Most cases of acute bronchitis resolve on their own. Rest, drink fluids and use cough suppressants or inhalers if recommended by your doctor. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek medical advice.
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
Symptoms: Long-lasting cough with mucus that persists for at least three months in a year, often seen in smokers.
What to do: Chronic bronchitis requires medical management. Quitting smoking and using prescribed inhalers or bronchodilators can help manage symptoms.
PNEUMONIA
Symptoms: High fever, cough with mucus, sharp chest pain, and difficulty breathing. What to do: Pneumonia can be life-threatening, especially for older adults or those with weakened immune systems. Seek medical attention promptly. Treatment typically includes antibiotics or antiviral medications, rest and fluids.
WHOOPING COUGH (PERTUSSIS)
Symptoms: Severe, prolonged coughing fits followed by a “whoop” sound, especially in children. It often starts with cold-like symptoms.
What to do: Whooping cough requires medical treatment. Antibiotics can help shorten the contagious period. Vaccination is key for prevention.
FOOT & ANKLE
Paul C. Kupcha, MD
Katherine M. Perscky, DPM
Patrick J. Ward, MD
HAND, WRIST & ELBOW
Matthew D. Eichenbaum, MD
J. Douglas Patterson, MD
John M. Reynolds, MD
Peter F. Townsend, MD
JOINT REPLACEMENT
Steven M. Dellose, MD
Nick N. Patel, MD
James J. Rubano, MD
PLASTICS
Benjamin Cooper, MD
SHOULDER
Brian J. Galinat, MD
SPINE
Mark S. Eskander, MD
Amir Kader, MD
Akul S. Patel, MD
Selina Y. Xing, MD
SPORTS MEDICINE NON-OPERATIVE
Matthew K. Voltz, DO
SPORTS MEDICINE SURGEONS
Damian M. Andrisani, MD
Alfonso J. Arevalo, DO
Joseph J. Mesa, MD
Douglas A. Palma, MD
TRAUMA
Michael J. Principe, DO
Nicholas F. Quercetti, DO
David M. Tainter, MD
Fellowship Trained Orthopaedic Surgeons
X-Ray, CT & MRI Available
Emergency Appointments
Therapy
Pros and Cons of Bariatric Surgery
For people who struggle to lose weight, bariatric surgery can feel like a miracle procedure.
Bariatric surgery helps individuals with severe obesity lose weight by altering the digestive system. It’s often recommended for those who have not been able to achieve significant weight loss through diet, exercise or medications. With obesity rates on the rise, bariatric surgery has become a common option for people looking to improve their health and quality of life.
TYPES OF BARIATRIC SURGERY
There are several types of bariatric surgery, the most common being gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding. Gastric bypass, one of the oldest procedures, involves creating a small pouch at the top of the stomach and rerouting the small intestine to this pouch. Sleeve gastrectomy reduces the size of the stomach by about 80%, limiting food intake. Adjustable gastric banding involves placing a
band around the upper part of the stomach to create a smaller stomach pouch, though this procedure is now less common due to lower long-term success rates compared to other methods.
These surgeries restrict the amount of food the stomach can hold, leading to a significant reduction in calorie
intake. Some procedures, like gastric bypass, also affect how the body absorbs nutrients.
WHO IS A CANDIDATE?
Bariatric surgery is typically recommended for people with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher or those with a BMI of 35 or higher who have serious obesity-related health issues.
Candidates must commit to making lifestyle changes, including long-term dietary adjustments and regular physical activity.
Before surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation to determine whether they are good candidates. This includes assessments by a surgeon, dietitian and sometimes a
mental health professional to ensure the patient is prepared for the challenges of surgery and the post-surgical lifestyle changes.
BENEFITS
Bariatric surgery can lead to substantial weight loss, often 50-70% of excess body weight within the first two years after surgery. For many patients, this results in significant improvements in health.
Weight loss can also lead to better mobility, increased energy levels and improved quality of life.
The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery claims that bariatric surgery can reduce the risk of premature death by 30-50% and that it is safer than such surgeries as gallbladder surgery, appendectomy and knee replacement. They cite that many diseases go into
remission with type 2 diabetes having a remission rate of 92%, hypertension 75% and obstructive sleep apnea 96%.
RISKS
As with any surgery, there are potential complications, including infection, blood clots and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Long-term risks include nutrient deficiencies, especially after procedures like gastric bypass, where nutrient
absorption is reduced. Patients must commit to lifelong vitamin and mineral supplementation to prevent deficiencies. Bariatric surgery requires major lifestyle changes. Patients must follow strict dietary guidelines, starting with a liquid diet post-surgery and gradually reintroducing solid foods. Emotional and psychological support is often necessary, as adjusting to these changes can be challenging.
Meeting your Health Goals
Technology has transformed nearly every aspect of our lives, including the way we keep track of our health and wellness.
From fitness trackers to meal-planning apps, today’s innovations make it easier than ever to set, monitor and achieve health goals. Whether you’re aiming to lose weight, improve your mental health or stay active, here are just a few ways you can harness technology to meet your health objectives.
FITNESS TRACKERS AND SMARTWATCHES
Fitness trackers and smartwatches are among the most popular, new tools. These wearable devices monitor everything from steps and calories burned to heart rate and sleep quality. Some models even track oxygen levels, stress and other vital signs.
Setting daily goals — like walking 10,000 steps or burning a certain number of calories — can help you stay accountable. Many trackers allow you to set reminders to get moving if you’ve been inactive for too long. The data these devices collect can offer insights into your habits, helping you make informed decisions about your health.
NUTRITION AND MEALPLANNING APPS
Maintaining a balanced diet is key to any health goal, whether it’s weight loss, muscle gain, or overall wellness. Nutrition and meal-planning apps like MyFitnessPal, Lose It!, and Noom allow users to log their meals, track calorie intake and monitor their macronutrients. Some apps even offer personalized meal plans and grocery lists based on dietary preferences and health goals. By providing real-time feedback, these apps help you make better food choices and stick to your nutritional plan. Many allow you to scan barcodes or search databases for accurate food information, making it easier to track what you’re eating.
TELEHEALTH SERVICES
Gone are the days when you had to visit a doctor’s office for every health concern. Telehealth services have revolutionized the way we access healthcare, allowing anyone to consult with
medical professionals from the comfort of their home. Whether you’re managing a chronic condition or seeking advice for a minor issue, virtual visits can help you stay on top of your health goals without the hassle of scheduling in-person appointments.
In addition to video calls, many telehealth platforms offer secure messaging with health care providers, making it easy to ask questions or get prescription refills without delay.
MENTAL HEALTH APPS
Numerous apps can help manage stress, anxiety and other mental health concerns. Apps like Calm, Headspace and Talkspace offer guided
meditation, therapy sessions and mindfulness exercises. By incorporating these tools into your routine, you can improve your mental wellbeing and reduce stress.
GOAL-SETTING PLATFORMS
Many fitness and wellness apps come with builtin communities and goal-setting features that allow users to connect with others who share similar objectives. Platforms like Strava, for example, let users track their workouts while interacting with others, creating a sense of community and competition. You can join challenges, share progress and encourage others, fostering motivation and accountability.
Caring for a Wound or Injury
From falling off a bike to cutting oneself in the kitchen, nearly everyone manages to injure themselves at some point in life.
Proper care can keep a minor ouchie from becoming a serious problem.
Caring for a wound or injury prevents infection, reduces pain and promotes faster healing. Whether it’s a minor scrape, cut or a more serious injury, taking the right steps at home can make a big difference in recovery.
CLEAN THE WOUND
The first step is to clean the affected area thoroughly. Before touching the wound, wash your hands with soap and water to minimize the risk of infection. Wear gloves if you have them. Rinse the wound with cool water to remove dirt, debris and bacteria. For smaller wounds, use a saline solution or mild soap. For deeper cuts or puncture wounds, avoid scrubbing, as this can damage the tissue and make things worse. Pat the area dry with a clean cloth or gauze pad. If there is any debris (like gravel or glass) that won’t wash out, seek medical attention. Attempting to remove deeply embedded
debris could lead to further injury.
STOP THE BLEEDING
Most minor wounds will stop bleeding within a few minutes. If the wound is bleeding heavily, apply gentle but firm pressure with a clean bandage or cloth for 5-10 minutes. Elevating the wound above the level of your heart can also help slow the bleeding. If the bleeding doesn’t stop after 10 minutes of pressure or the wound continues to ooze blood, seek medical help immediately. This could indicate a more serious injury requiring professional treatment, such as stitches.
APPLY ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENT
Apply an over-the-counter antibiotic ointment like Neosporin to help reduce the risk of infection. A thin layer of ointment keeps the wound moist, which aids in the healing process. However, some people may experience minor allergic reactions to these ointments, so if you notice increased redness, itching or swelling, discontinue use
and consult a health care professional.
COVER AND PROTECT THE WOUND
Covering the area with a sterile bandage or adhesive dressing protects it from dirt and bacteria. Change the bandage daily, or more often if it becomes wet or dirty. Keeping the wound covered helps it heal faster by creating a moist environment, which promotes tissue growth and reduces scabbing.
For larger wounds or those in high-movement areas (like the hands or knees), non-stick gauze pads secured with medical tape may provide better coverage. If you notice any signs of infection — such as redness, warmth, swelling or pus — seek medical advice.
MONITOR FOR INFECTION
Monitor the wound for signs of infection, which can occur even with proper care. Symptoms of an infected wound include increased redness around the area, warmth to the touch, a thick yellow or green discharge
and worsening pain or swelling.
If you develop a fever or notice red streaks spreading from the wound, seek immediate medical attention, as these are signs of a serious infection.
LET THE WOUND BREATHE
While it’s important to keep wounds covered in the initial stages, allow the wound to air out for short periods once healing is underway. This helps dry the wound and promotes the formation of new skin. However, don’t leave the wound uncovered for too long, as this can expose it to bacteria and dirt, especially in the first few days.
WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR
Some wounds require medical attention beyond at-home care. Seek medical help if the wound is deep, longer than half an inch, caused by a dirty or rusty object or if you haven’t had a tetanus shot in the past five years. Also, if a wound is on the face or another sensitive area, it may need professional treatment to minimize scarring.
Cardiovascular routines aren’t just helpful for our hearts and lungs. They are also beneficial to our minds, give us more energy, help us manage our weight and reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety.
The key is starting small, with an exercise regimen that makes sense for your level, allotted time and age. You can always build in additional activity for later, once you’ve become more experienced with the cardio routine.
THE BENEFITS
Cardio is best understood through four essential categories: endurance, balance, strength and flexibility. Beyond feeling better, there are specific health advantages associated with these exercises, including improved blood pressure and diabetes numbers, better lipid profiles, and
Consider Cardio
healthier outcomes for those suffering from osteoporosis or neurocognitive issues.
MIX IT UP
Switch out the types of movements and which day you do them. Incorporate a blend of strength training, aerobic activities and movement like walking or running. Efficient regimens with lots of variety can have a direct impact on our health, our moods, our energy levels and, down the road, our morbidity timeline.
MAKE IT SOCIAL
Walking is perhaps the easiest way to make cardiovascular improvements; it’s also one of the best exercise routines to do socially. Those who walk with others have far more accountability, tending to stick with exercise since others depend on their participation. We experience direct social benefits too, since fellowship helps with emotional well being, combats depression and loneliness, and supports general mental health.
MAKE IT FUN
Every-day routines can become boring over time,
so don’t forget to have some fun. Listen to your favorite songs; consider taking part in one of the more dancefocused programs that improve cardio health. Treat yourself to gadgets, workout clothes or useful equipment like a stationary exercise machine when you reach a new milestone. Invite friends, family, children or co-workers along; they’ll lighten the mood.
YOUR DAILY ROUTINE
Whether you join a g ym, or simply exercise at home, give yourself a dedicated period of exercise. And if you find you’re still too busy to carve out time? Consider expanding routine activities that can bolster wellness: Park further away at the grocery store. Go faster — or stay out longer — when you’re walking the dog. Forget the cart and carry your bags, if you can.
The Benefits of Giving Blood
Superheroes walk among us, but you won’t find them in capes or masks. Instead, they donate life-saving blood to help others.
According to the American Red Cross, a single blood contribution can save as many as three lives. Donations are allowed five times a year, meaning you could potentially end up impacting hundreds and hundreds of people over the course of your lifetime. Here’s more information on how to become a super hero, too.
INSIDE THE NUMBERS
You might not know, but blood donations are seasonal. The numbers plummet during the busy travel season each summer; inclement weather plays a role, too. But even on sunny spring days, fewer than 10 percent of those who are eligible actually donate blood, according to the American Red Cross. The non-profit conducts more than 200,000 annual blood drives in an effort to combat this critical shortfall. Some 80 percent of their donations come from mobile sites set up in local communities. The Red Cross provides blood to some 2,700 hospitals across America.
WHY
YOU SHOULD Depending on your blood
type, you might be providing a critical resource for patients who don’t have ready access to a badly needed transfusion. (For instance, only seven percent of Americans are O-negative, the so-called universal blood type that can be used by anyone.) In times of crisis, these donations are particularly important. Medical institutions can be overwhelmed by patient emergencies or surgeryrelated infusions, requiring a large amount of donor blood. But blood is actually always needed. If you don’t know your type, helpful technicians at your hometown blood bank can provide a test.
BUILDING TRUST
Hospitals, blood banks and organizations like the
Red Cross take precautions when collecting, processing, testing and distributing blood. This ensures your good health through the procedure, but also the safety and effectiveness of the donation once it arrives. Blood is comprehensively analyzed in labs to establish a definitive type, since they can’t be mixed, but also to check for infectious diseases. Provided information is kept strictly confidential; none of it can be released without your permission, unless directed by a judge. So whether you’re giving blood at in the offices of an area healthcare provider or at a Red Cross mobile drive, you can be confident in the process.
