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WHITEMUD & BLACKMUD RAVINES TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Sus..tainaMe Davelopment
LIBRARY The City of Edmonton
ii : —
, 3312.1a .E3 :4R84 : 1990
Prepared by: Parks and Recreation April 24, 1990
THE CITY OF
PARKS AND RECREATION
Letter of Transmittal We are pleased to provide for your information the Whitemud/Blaclanud Ravines-Trail Development Plan. This plan represents a year of planning, public review and consultation on the types of trails, bridges and amenities to be constructed in the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines. When completed, the trail system will provide residents and outdoor enthusiasts of Edmonton improved access to a unique natural area of the City. In the course of preparing this plan, the general public expressed a strong desire that the area be preserved with limited amounts of formal maintenance. In addition, a strong interpretive program was seen as being a necessary element in the preservation of the area. In response, the Parks and Recreation Department has prepared both a Trails plan, and an Operations plan, to better address the public concerns. The Department is also committed to the preparation of a long-term River Valley Resource Management Plan in the next two years. On January 30, 1990 City Council approved the following recommendations: 1. That the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Trails Development Report be approved as the concept plan, outlining the planning objectives, facility upgrading proposals and operating guidelines within the Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines. 2. That the Parks and Recreation Department proceed with detailed design of Phase I of the project (Fox Drive - TransAlta Right-of-way) as shown in Enclosure I. Construction would proceed pending completion and approval of an Environmental Impact Assessment by City Council. 3. That the Parks and Recreation Department undertake detailed planning of Phase LI ('fransAlta Utilities - Bearspaw) in consultation with community residents. The following motion was referred to the Names Advisory Committee for a report back to the Executive Committee. That the area be renamed 'Whitemud Ravine Nature Reserve'.
aviry
ayk_
man Gen ral Manager Edmonton Parks and Recreation March 19, 1990
Acknowledgements The following individuals have provided valued input and assistance to the Parks and Recreation Department during the preparation of this plan: VOLUNTEERMEMBERS OF THE DEVELOPMENT COMMfl1EE WERE:
IS. Lore
RiverbendlBrookside Community League
Donna Enger
Aspen Gardens Community League
Gerry Mills
Lansdowne Community League
Bob Rockwell
Resident of Blackmud Creek
Ron Mattiussi
Skyrattler Neighborhood Association
Shirley Mitchell
Brookview Neighborhood Association
David Whitten
Ceyana Canoe Club
Elizabeth Marsland
Girl Guides of Canada
Annabel Gilpin
Public at Large
Geoff Holroyd
Edmonton Natural History Club
Gordon Blinston
Public at Large
Stan Skirrow
Waskahegan Trail.Association
STAFF FROM THE PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT WERE:
Scott Kenny
Dev. Branch - Project Implementation
Peter Alexander
Dev. Branch - Project Implementation
Dorothy Havrelock
Community Leisure Services - SW District
Terry Koch
Community Leisure Services - SW District
Terry Spencer
Community Leisure Service - SW District
Gerry Lunn
John Janzen Nature Centre
George Murphy
River Valley Outdoor Centre
Gabriele Barry
Development Branch - Planning Section
A special thank you to Barb Gajewski for typing, editing and production of this document, with assistance from Graham Deacon and to Kevin Ryan and John Konkin for drafting and mapping.
Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction
1
2.0. Background
3
2.1 Location and Setting
3
2.2 Existing Legislation Land Use Governing Whitemud/Blacicmild Ravine
4
2.3 Existing Recreation Use
8
2.4 Description of the Area
11
3.0. Planning Process
14
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
23
5.0 Trails Development Plan
41
5.1 The Trail System
41
5.2 Bridges
44
5.3 Intelpretation/Signage
44
6.0 Operations Plan
47
6.1 Maintenance
50
6.2 Interpretation
55
6.3 Recreation Programs
57
6.4 Protection (Fire/Police)
59
6.5 Wildlife/Vegetation Management
60
7.0 Environment Impact Assessment
61
8.0 Phasing of Development
64
Appendix
66
VVHITEMUD/BLACKMUD RAVINES
1.0 Introduction
Page 1
1.0 Introduction Edmonton Parks and Recreation is proposing to undertake, during 1990, the construction of trails, bridges and amenities in Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines. The project will serve to protect and control use of the area and meet the increased demands for recreational trail use in Edmonton. The Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines have been recognind as unique landscapes within the City for some time. As early as 1946, the City began acquiring property within the ravine. Since that date land has been purchased, subdivided, replotted and annexed by the City to form the largest ravine in the Parks and Recreation Department inventory. Urban development is continuing adjacent to the Whitemud/Blaclunud creeks and it is expected that by the year 2000 residential development may surround the majority of the ravines. Consequently, the ravine experiences increased recreational use over the past few decades, and this will continue in the future. The Parks and Recreation Department Master Plan documents of (19701980, and 1979-83) designated these areas for recreation and environmental protection. The 1979-1983 Master Plan discussed the need for recreation open space: Recreation open space is a vital part of an urban environment. People need open spaces where they can enjoy a variety of sensory experiences, engage in physical activity or simply relax. It is important that care be given to planning and designing open spaces which will facilitiate and encourage personal growth and development. Parks are open spaces designed and developed to meet a variety of recreation needs. Since the turn of the centuty, the City of Edmonton has set aside thousands of acres for open space. A large portion of it remains in its natural state in the North Saskatchewan River Valley and Ravine System. In 1985 the Parks and Recreation Department prepared the Capital City Recreation Park Extension Position Paper. This concept plan proposed the extension of the existing Capital City Recreation Park boundary and trail connections to Devon and Fort Saskatchewan. The Extension plan received the support of Edmonton City Council in April, 1986.
Page 2
1.0 introduction
The Capital City Recreation Park Extension was presented to the public as the preliminary concept for this project. The development of the Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines was to include trails, bridges and amenities. $500,000 had been identified for the project in the 1989 Capital Budget and Phase I construction is to proceed pending approval of this plan document.
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PANdi
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WHITEMUD/BLACKMUD RAVINES Figure No, 1
2.0. Background
Page 3
2.0. Background 2.1 Location and Setting Located within southwest Edmonton, the area of the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines trails development begins at the northend of Fox Drive just south of the confluence of Whitemud Creek and the North Saskatchewan River. From Fox Drive south, the Whitemud Ravine extends approximately 5.6 km. to 23 Avenue where the Blackmud joins Whitemud Creek. The proposed development then follows the Blackmud Creek in a southeast direction to the Bearspaw Neighbourhood (approximately 109 Street and 11 Avenue) (see Figure 1). Whitemud Ravine continues in a southwest direction, however, all lands are privately owned at this time. City-owned lands within the Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines comprise approximately 389.06 hectares (961.4 acres). Additional lands are being acquired by the City on an on-going basis as subdivisions are registered. The Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines are characterized by relatively steep sloping ravine walls with level terraces at lower elevations. Relief within the area ranges up to 32m (105 feet). Vegetation is composed of a mixture of poplar, aspen, white spruce, saskatoon and a variety of common shrubs indigenous to the area. The ravines have been altered by a variety of land use activities which include: disturbance of native vegetation by both beaver and domestic tree cutting, abandoned roads, walking trails, bridges, motorized all terrain vehicles, pipelines, utilities, recreational uses and bulldozer trails. Major portions of the ravine are relatively undisturbed, particularly the Blackmud Creek area. As residential development proceeds along the top of the ravine, additional pressures will affect the natural character of the ravine. The result will be a less diverse ecosystem more susceptible to disruption and alteration.
WHITEMUD / BLACKMUD RAVINE City Owned Land &CALE 115000
elk:eon =c,, City Owned Land Map 1
Whitemud Drive (45 Ave.)
•st
)Transalta R/W (30 Ave.)
Bearspaw (9 Ave.)
1
2.0. Background
Page 4
2.2 Existing Legislation Land Use Governing Villiitemud/Blackmud Ravine The existing and future land use within the Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines are currently controlled through a number of legislated planning tools. The City and the Parks and Recreation Department recognizes the significance of these natural areas and is committed to their preservation. The following hierarchy of legislated controls exist, and outline land use policies within the ravines: * The Planning Act (RSA 1980) • Edmonton General Municipal Plan (Bylaw 6000) 6 North Saskatchewan River Valley Area Redevelopment Plan (Bylaw 7188) • Edmonton Land Use Bylaw (5966) 1> The Planning Act (RSA 1980) Ra-zine land is acquired through the subdivision process as Environmental Reserve (ER), under The Planning Act. Specific Sections of the Planning Act are as follows: Section 9 5 The registered owner of land that is the subject of a proposed subdivision shall provide, without compensation. (a) to the Crown in right of Alberta or a municipal corporation, as the case may he, land for publicf roadways and public utilities. (b) to the Crown in right of Alberta or a municipal corporation, as the case may be, land for environmental reserve.
aLtio2.91. Subject to section 97, a subdivision approving authority may require the registered owner of a parcel that is the subject of a proposed subdivision to provide part of that parcel as environmental reserve if it consists of: (a) a swamp, gully, ravine, coulee or natural drainage course. (b) land that is subject to flooding or is, in the opinion of the subdivision approving authority, unstable, or (c) a strip of land, not less than 6 metres in width, abutting the bed and shore of any lake, river, stream or other body of water for the purpose of: (1) preventing pollution, or (ii) providing public access to and beside the bed and shore.
4
2.0. Background
Page 5
Section 111(1) Environmental reserve may be used as a public park but if it is not so used, it must be left in its natural state. Section 119 Environmental reserve may not be sold, leased or otherwise disposed of. 2) Edmonton General Municipal Plan, (Bylaw 6000), The 18 point Growth Strategy placed a high priority on the importance of the natural environment. Specifically: Section 14 Increased emphasis on sensitivity to the natural environment in planning for new growth areas. The strategy requires that increased emphasis be placed upon recognizing and planning for the sensitivity of the natural environment when managing urban growth. Increased compactness of development will place greater strain on the carrying capacity of the natural environment. Therefore, the retention of natural areas will increase in importance. In developing the outlying areas, unique natural features should be preserved where possible, and natural features and topography must be addressed in the design of area and neighbourhood structure plans. 3) North Saskatchewan River Valley Area Redevelopment Plan (Bylaw No, 7188), The major goals of the North Saskatchewan River Valley Area Redevelopment Plan are: • To ensure preservation of the natural character and environment o f the North Saskatchewan River Valley and its Ravine System. • To establish a public metropolitan recreation area. e To provide the opportunity for recreational, aesthetic and • cultural activities in the Plan for the benefit of Edmontonians and visitors of Edmonton. • To ensure the retention and enhancement of the Ross dale and Cloverdale communities in the River Valley. Objectives dealing with Recreation, Parks and Environmental Protection are as follows:
2.0. Background
Page 6
• To provide park, open space, and a variety of recreational, educational and cultural uses. • To provide a metropolitan recreation and conservation areas. • To provide a pedestrian movement network, and other non-motorized vehicular networks including the provision of River and Ravine Crossings, throughout the Plan area. • To ensure that park and recreation facilities have pedestrian and vehicular access. • To encourage water-oriented recreational modes of transportation to link the various activity nodes within the Plan area. • To promote the conservation and rehabilitation of archaeological, paleontological, architectural and historic resources within the parks and open space system. • To promote an exemplary standard of landscape, urban, and architectural design for all proposed developments, park amenities and the general environment. • To ensure handicapped people have access to the River Valley and Ravine System. • To establish the River Valley and Ravine System protection area. • To consider environmental factors when planning for use in the River Valley. Specific Parkland Development Policies in Bylaw 7188 are as follows: In keeping with the Environmental Protection Objectives in Section 2.4, the following policies are identified: • Preservation of Natural Resource Areas • It is the policy of this Plan to recognize the Plan Area as containing natural resource areas which will be preserved and enhanced for recreational, scenic, and ecological purposes. • Identification of Sensitive and Hazardous Lands • It is the policy of this Plan to identify environmentally sensitive and hazardous lands through a detailed resource management approach.
.
I.
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2.0. Background
Page 7
Application of Environmental Impact Assessment: It is the policy of this Plan to ensure the application of an environmental impact screening and assessment to all proposed public development and development on public land. Development on Environmentally Sensitive Lands: It is the policy of this Plan that when a development application is received, the Development Officer shall determine if the subject lands are environmentally sensitive to development, and may require additional information be provided. In determining whether a permit shall be issued and what conditions, if any, are required to eliminate or mitigate environmental damage, the Development Officer may consult with other civic departments and environmental agencies. Lands within the River Valley Bylaw are primarily owned by the City of Edmonton, irrespective of whether such lands have been defined as formal public parks or are in a vacant, developed or natural state. Lands that are privately owned may continue to be used for those uses listed under A - Metropolitan Recreation District (Section 540) of the Edmonton Land Use Bylaw. 4) Edmonton Land Use Bylaw (5996) - A Metropolitan Recreation District (Section 540) outlines the General Purpose of the district to be: To preserve natural areas and parldand long the river, creeks and ravines and other designated areas for active and passive recreational uses and environment protection. Permitted uses include: 1) Farms on a site of not less than 8 ha (19.77 acres). 2) Single Detached Housing on a site of not less than 8 ha (19.77 acres). 3) Public Parks. A number of Discretionary Uses exist, however: All development proposals for Discretionary Uses may be required to submit an environmental impact assessment as determined by the Development Officer. As well a number of conditions apply to all developments within this district.
2.0. Background
Page 8
•2.3 Existing Recreation Use There are presently two main areas of development for recreational activities in the ravine system: Whitemud Park at Fox Drive and Snow Valley/Rainbow Valley at Whitemud Drive. Each of these areas has served as the focus for organind recreational activities for a number of years. These activities include: 1.Downhill and Cross-Country Skiing Snow Valley is the focus and the only facility developed for downhill skiing in the ravine. Organized cross-country skiing clinics and lessons have also been operated from Snow Valley. The area most used by crosscountry skiers is the frozen creekbed and some undeveloped trails. 2. Camping Rainbow Valley has for several years served as one of the few campgrounds within City limits. It receives moderate to heavy use throughout the summer months. The University of Alberta often goes into the ravine to run camping programs. Daycamps are operated by Parks and Recreation in the Whitemud Park/Fox Drive area and by the YMCA at Rainbow Valley. Otherwise there is no organized camping in the ravine. 3. Junior Forest Wardens and Scouts jFW groups and scout troops will often organize events, programs and activities which take place in Whitemud Ravine. 4. Special Events NAIT annually hosts a bridge building contest over the mouth of Whitemud Creek in Whitemud Park. Balloonists will sometimes use the open areas close to Snow Valley for multiple balloon launches. In addition to the orgRni7ed activities discribed above, the public participates in a great variety of casual recreational activities in the ravine, most of which are permissible and some of which are illegal. The following is a list of many of these activities: - Hiking/Walking - Nature Observation (including birdwatching, beaverwatching, etc.) - Running/Jogging - Mountain Bicycling
It
Page 9
2.0. Background
- Horseback Riding
- Berry Picking
- Photography
- Tobogganing
- Painting/Sketching
- Skating
- Orienteering
- Cross-Country Skiing
- Canoeing/Kayaking
- Snowshoeing
- Fishing
- Snowmobiling/OHV use (illegal)
- Picnicing
- Hunting (illegal)
In 1988, the Edmonton Natural History Club conducted a survey of residents living in communities adjacent to Whitemud Ravine to determine type and pattern of casual recreational use of the area. The survey showed that the north section (between Fox Drive and Snow Valley) receives a slightly higher degree of use. This may be related to the greater accessibility of the north section compared to the south in the summer months. The survey also showed the following pattern of casual recreational use (by summer and by winter). Summer Activity
% of Users
Walking/Hiking
33
Nature Observation
25
Dog Walking
15
Cycling
12
Berry Picking
5
Picnicing
4
Photography
3
Jogging
2
Summer Activity
% of Users
Canoeing
0.5
Fishing
0.5
Camping
0
Page 10
2.0. Background
Winter Activity
% of Users
Cross-Country Skiing
40
Walking/Hiking
33
Tobogganing
15
Skating
5
Nature Observation
4
Dog Walking
4
2.0. Background
Page 11
2.4 Description of the Area The physiography of a site is comprised of two components -- elevation and slope. Elevation is strongly related to slope, soils, geology, hydrology, microclimate, plants and animals, and as such is an important feature in analyzing landscapes. Physiography is the physical features of the earth. Topography outlines the form of a place showing its relief and the position of features on it. How does topography influence? Steep slopes often mean thin rocky, dry soils. Gentle slopes usually provide the best farmland except in cases where soil drainage is poor, north-facing slopes will be cooler, darker, and wetter, whereas south-facing slopes will be warmer, lighter and drier. Climate, topography and geology in a given area are basic influences on the composition of a plant community. The diversity and abundance of the local plants, in turn, govern the kinds of wildlife that the area can support. Whenever disturbances or modificiations occur which simplify plant community structure, fewer species of wildlife are able to exist. What we see is the surface created over millions of years of evolution by mechanical and chemical processes and man-induced change. The plant communities are the most visible part of the picture. Man-made changes in the environment are not always detrimental, although they may radically alter the composition of an area. Land use in the ravines of the Whitemud/Blackmud is essentially a factor of physiographic relief, and cultural values towards land and community. Changes in land use in the ravines and surrounding areas stem from technologic change (hunting and gathering, subsistence farming and primary industry; and, now residential and recreational land use). The site is a carefully woven fabric of social and natural components. Urbanization has increased surface runoff, erosion, groundwater contamination and increased flooding. The type of man induced pressure has changed. The result has meant an increase towards a mono or less varied landscape. The river and ravine valleys were created by the downward cutting action of the North Saskatchewan River and its tributaries the Whitemud and Blackmud Creeks. Primarily created in post glacial times, the floodplain varies in width and is composed of predominately fluvial soils deposited by water. The terraces on either side of the creek in the floodplain are low in relief and poorly drained. The walls of the ravine contain the watercourse between steep banks. Erosion and slumping are evident. This mechanical and physical action of the creeks has unveiled a crosssection of the earth's processes. Revealed are four general age groups. The youngest are of post glacial origins being alluvial or colluvial
2.0. Background
Page 12
materials. Underneath these are those whose origin are glacial: tills, outwash and lacustrine deposits. Below these are the preglacial gravels and sand. At the bottom is the bedrock the oldest layer. This formation is composed of weakly cemented sandstone, siltstone, shale and coalbeds and are more often than not obscurred by consolidated materials lying above. In general the Whitemud/Blackmud ravines contain a diverse topographic relief relative to the size of the area. From Fox Drive to 23rd Avenue being a North-South orientation and at the confluence of the Blacknaud Creek the orientation becomes Northwest-Southeast for the Blackmud and Northeast-Southwest for the Whitemud. Erosion by surface runoff and fluvial action are the two primary mechanical and chemical processes that have created the ravines. Within the ravines are the Whitemud Creek and its tributary the Blackmud Creek. Associated with the Creeks are the terraces of level to gently sloping elevations. The ravine slopes are in places severe in excess of + 45%. There are four dominant plant communities present, with several more subunits within them. These are Aspen, Balsm Poplar, White Spruce an Shrubs. These provide habitats for the wildlife who live in the ravines. The accompanying map of the topography breaks down the area into the following macro units: - lacustrine plain - slopes ( + 20%)
•
WHITEMUD / BLACKMUD RAVINE Topography
Slope +20% Terrirce 50.-20% Flood 21210 0%-5%
thollt011 WM& Topography Map 2
Whitemud Drive < (43 Ave.)
Transalta R/W
-4(30 Ave.)
Bearspaw (0 Ave.)
2.0. Background
Page 13
- terraces (5-20%) - floodplain (0-5%)
Starting at the north end at Fox Drive and travelling in a southward direction, a series of three distinctive landscape units exist as a result of various combination of natural and man made influences. These units are: • Fox Drive to Whitemud Drive • Whitemud Drive to 23rd Avenue • 23rd Avenue to 9th Avenue Each is a different visual experience and present different constraints and opportunities for preservation of iinique and representative features. Visual experience is often the dominant characteristic employed to determine the recreational value of an area. The visual experience of the Edmonton topography is an ungulating plain. Topographic or visual enclosure is scarce and when encountered provides dramatic relief. The North Saskatchewan River Valley and the Whitemud/Blackmud Creeks are long sinuous ribbons that break the flatness of the prevailing landscape. Where the North Saskatchewan valley is wide, the WhitemudiBlackmud valley is a small compact landscape.
3.0. Planning Process
Page 14
3.0. Planning Process In January 1989, a Parks and Recreation Department Project Team was formed. Members were selected from a number of various section within the Department, representing a number of areas of expertise. Terms of reference for the Project Team were established and included: - To develop, direct and monitor the planning process for the trail development of the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine. - To develop the terms of reference and selection criteria for the Development Committee. - To act in an advisory capacity to the Development Committee. - To determine methods of public input for the planning process. - To consolidate the information received from the public for the Development Committee. - To co-ordinate communications (to include press releases, public notices, mail-outs, news releases, etc.) through appropriate Department processes. - To provide information and reports to Department Management and members of Council. - To co-ordinate input from other civic departments. - To prepare meeting minutes, agendas, etc. - To ensure the recommendations of the Development Committee are reflected in the plans. - To prepare documents/major reports (EIA) as required. - To evaluate the process and project upon completion. The Project Team developed a planning process which included a number of opportunities for public input and public viewing of the proposed development. February 27th Public Meeting
The first of two public meetings was held on February 27th, 1989, at the Steinhauer Elementary School. The purpose of the meeting was to: 1. present and clarify the preliminary concept plan, (Capital City Recreation Park Extension)
3.0. Planning Process
Page 15
2. receive public comments and suggestions, 3. solicit volunteers to sit on a Developement Committee which would ensure public input is duly considered and will assist and advise the Department in development of the final plan. The Project Team was encouraged by the large turn out (151 registered) at the meeting and by the amount and quality of input received on the proposed project. Generally people supported trail development, but expressed a desire to retain the wilderness character of the ravine and not construct hardsurface trails within the valley. A questionnaire was distributed during the meeting to solicit feedback on the project. The results were not considered valid by the Development Committee because of the timing of the questionnaire prior to public presentations. Thirty-four people indicated an interest in being a member of the Volunteer Project Development Committee. The Development Committee
Early in March of 1989 the Project Team, in conjunction with a representative of the Edmonton Federation of Community Leagues and a representative of the Edmonton Area Outdoor Council selected the following committee: â&#x20AC;˘ six representatives from community leagues, neighbourhood associations and/or citizens who live adjacent to the Whitemud or Blackmud Ravine; â&#x20AC;˘ six representatives from user groups and/or the public at large; â&#x20AC;˘ two representatives were appointed from the Parks and Recreation Project Team. The Development Committee was designated to represent a broad crosssection of existing and potential park users and city residents. The committee was to act as a liaison and advisory capacity to the Parks and Recreation Department on the project. The terms of reference prepared for the Development Committee was as follows: - To review and evaluate information gathered from the public by the Project Team and revise the program statement, conceptual design and design guidelines. - To review the Master Plan to ensure it properly reflects the program statement and design guidelines. - To review the working drawings and specifications.
3.0. Planning Process
Page 16
- To evaluate the public participation process upon completion. - To participate in the co-ordination of the official opening of the new park trail system. The Committee met nine times between late March and mid-June, 1989, to review and revise plans for the proposed development. Two weekend meetings were also held to walk through the ravines, once in the Whitemud/Blackmud and once in Mill Creek. After reviewing all public reaction to the proposed plans and developing alternatives, the Development Committee began working on the planning of a second public meeting. The Committee prepared the following recommendations and presented them at the June 27, 1989 second public meeting. 1. Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Park Development Plan - Program Statement The area known as the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine will be protected as a natural preserve. The ravine will be managed as a pedestrian oriented nature park for the residents of the City of Edmonton, to provide recreation compatible with the natural features and to prevent further damage to the ravines through uncontrolled use. PLANNING OBJECTIVES In accordance with the North Saskatchewan River Valley Bylaw approved by City Council on February 26, 1985, and taking into consideration existing and proposed adjacent land uses and land use policies, 1.To develop the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine as a pedestrian oriented nature park. 2. To avoid disrupting the natural environment or interfering with as yet undisturbed areas of the ravines. 3.To retain the wilderness character and the adventure quality of the ravines. 4. To identify and preserve features of special natural or historical interest. 5. To introduce various environmental restoration programs within the ravines that are necessary to restore the natural wilderness character of the area. 6.To design an integrated trail system primarily for pedestrian use, with the following aims: a) to allow optimal access to the ravines from adjacent neighbourhoods,
.
I
3.0. Planning Process •
Page 17
b) to promote future trail connections to Capital City Recreation Park, compatible with Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine's primary use as a nature park, c) to provide improved access to areas of the ravines, and d) to ensure that some of the trails are suitable for use by the disabled. 7.To develop an interpretive program within the ravine utilizing corninfinity resources so that the natural and cultural history and unique environment of the ravine can be explored. 8.To create a set of design guidelines which reflect the content of the Program Statement. 2. Recommendations for Whitemud/Blackrand Ravine Park Management Plan A management plan is a written document that goes hand-in-hand with a master plan. It ensures that all issues identified requiring special attention or procedures are accounted for and that appropriate measures are taken to resolve conflicts. It further delineates the roles, responsibilities, and expectations of various agencies responsible for specific parts of the management plan. The park is to be managed as a nature preserve and "urban wilderness area" offering pedestrian trails in the ravines, a multi-use trail on the ravine edge, and interpretive programs of various kinds. Because of the special character of the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Park, and the recommendation for designating the area as the first nature preserve under the jurisdiction of the City of Edmonton, it is essential that the creation and adoption of an effective management plan be considered an integral part of the development activity. Such a plan would provide appropriate controls for the initial development, and it would establish policies and operation procedures to ensure the long-term viability of the park. Topics to be considered in the management plan include: • Clean-up creek-beds, dumpsites, and scattered debris. ir Close unofficial vehicle access points. • Restore vegetation in damaged areas. • Minimin disruption from proposed trail development activities and repair any resulting damage.
3.0. Planning Process
Page 18
. Wildlife and natural environment management: • Develop and maintain a biophysical inventory. • Arrange to appoint an individual with appropriate expertise, and provide this individual with adequate funds and authority to manage the area within the guidelines of the management plan. • Establish and implement a policy on habitat protection and enhancement. • Establish definite guidelines for maintenance activities. • Support development of interpretive programs. . Interpretive policy: • Place appropriate signs at main access points. • Set up, and update information displays. • Develop a self-guiding nature walk. • Provide information brochures. • Develop educational programs. . Creek-bed maintenance: • Explore measures to improve water quality. • Implement "minimal interference" erosion control measures, to be used only if a serious hazard exists. • Monitor effects of storm sewer outlets. . Routine maintenance: • Maintain trails with as little interference as possible to adjacent areas. • Provide a means of ensuring that maintenance activity is restricted to minimize interference with the natural character of the area. • Maintain signs and trail markers. • Provide regular clean-up of litter. . Policing: • Ensure regular patrols of accessible areas of the park. • Encourage the use of volunteer and temporary help where appropriate. • Encourage public participation in reporting and discouraging violations.
3.0. Planning Process
Page 19
•Funding and long-term viability: • Designate, for interpretive facilities, a portion of the original funds for park development. • Ensure that appropriate operating funds are available. • If possible, take advantage of special grants for environmental protection programs. • Involve volunteer groups and encourage vocal opposition in intrusions on the park. Each of these items must be considered in detail, time lines must be established, and responsibilities must be assigned. 3. Trail Alignment Plans (See Section 5.0 of Report) 4. Ouestionnaire
The Committee also prepared a questionnaire which was distributed at the second public meeting. June 27 Public Meeting. The second public meeting was held at Louis St. Laurent High School and attended by 171 people. The purpose of the meeting was to: 1.
present and clarify the program statement for the proposed trail development,
2.
present and clarify the revised plan, and;
3.
receive public comments and suggestions.
The revised plan presented by the Volunteer Development Committee was very well received and many people in attendance publicly thanked committee members for their work and dedication to the project. The Development Committee's questionnaire was completed by 122 people and is included as Appendix I. The results were as follows: - 89% supported, in concept, the program statement proposed. - 85% supported the development from Fox Drive South to Whitemud Freeway, 75% supported the development from Whitemud Freeway south to 23 Avenue, and 63% supported the development from 23 Avenue southeast along Blaclmiud Ravine to the Bearspaw area. - 79% supported the proposed surfaces for the trails along the top of the ravine (asphalt, concrete). - 78% supported the proposed surface for the main ravine trail (granular surface).
3.0. Planning Process
Page 20
- 90% supported the proposed surfaces for the neighbourhood access trails (granular, asphalt, soil/grass). - there was very high support (over 80%) for the proposed trail alignment. -89% supported the concept of a Whitemud/131acicmud Ravine's Management Plan.
3.0. Planning Process
Page 21
Briefs and Letters on the Project
The Department encouraged all citizens and groups to submit a letter or brief outlining their concerns and preferences regarding the project. A total of 81 letters and briefs were received by the Department. All briefs and letters were summarized using one of the two questionnaires as a guide to categorize concerns. A copy of this summary as well as all the original submissions are on file with the Parks and Recreation Department. Review by Other Agencies
A number of agencies and other civic Departments have had an opportunity to review the concept plan for the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Trails. These groups have been asked to provide input, comments and details of any capital projects for 1990-1994 period. Transportation Planning Edmonton Telephones Public Works TransAlta Utilities Fire Department Police Department Edmonton Power Environmental Services Planning & Development Northwestern Utilities University of Alberta North American Baptist College Specific comments and concerns of these agencies have been included in Section 4.0 Issues of this report.
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 22
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process During the plan review process a number of issues were raised through the two public meetings, as a result of questionnaires, through briefs and submissions and during meetings with interest groups, agencies and civicdepartments. The following summary provides a description of each particular issue, clarification and a discussion of alternatives, proposed recommendations and implications of the recommendations. Where follow-up is required by the City the appropriate group is identified. A. Fox Drive -45 Avenue 1. Alignment through Fox Farm(Map #1) 2. Alignment across University of Alberta Lands (Map #2) 3. Access to Lansdowne (Map #3) 4. Access to Grandview Heights (Map #1) 5. Access to Brookside 6. Access/Linkage Across Whitemud Drive 7. Viewpoint Development B. 45 Avenue -23 Avenue 1. Blue Quill/Top-of-Bank Trails (Map #4) 2. Additional Trails in Ravine Westbrook Area -23 Avenue 3. Additional Trails in Ravine -23 Avenue Area (Map #5) 4. Access to Aspen Gardens 5. Access to Westbrook Drive 6. Access to Bulyea Heights and Ogilvie Ridge 7. Viewpoints C. 23 Avenue - Bearspaw 1. Twin Brooks & 119 Street Bridge (Map #6) 2. Alignment across N.A. Baptist College (Map #7) 3. Trail Alignment - Skyrattler (Map #8)
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
4. Bearspaw/Top-of-Bank Trails (Maps #9 & 10) D. General Issues 1.Increased vandalism, undesirables, garbage endangered homes 2. Top-of-Bank Walkways 3. Disabled Access 4. Amenities proposed in CCRP Extension 5. Management Plan for Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines 6. Designation of Area as Nature Preserve 7. Multi-Use of Ravine Trails 8. Dogs 9. Beaver Control 10.Storm Outfalls in the Ravines
Page 23
FOX PROPERTY map 1
Page 24
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
A. FOX DRIVE -45 AVENUE 1 Alignment through Fox Farm Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
* Original proposed alignment was on the east side of the creek. A parking area and amenity building is located in this area. There is a major slope and steep bank along this alignment which may be difficult for some individuals. Construction along this alignment may require retaining walls and another bridge across the creek.
* See Map #1. Alignment on east side of creek to be upgraded. * In the long-term, a trail could be developed across Fox Farm once the City has possession of the property.
* Additional bridge required. Greater costs may be incurred to develop on east side.
* See Map #2 . Alignment to follow existing trail through U of A land.
* Continue negoptiations with U of A for access.
2. Alignment Across U of A Lands The existing trail has crossed the U of A property for a considerable time and is maintained (minimally) by the P & R Department. The west bank of the ravine (City land) is too steep to construct the trail on. A new trail alignment on City lands avoiding the bank would require two additional bridges.
* Land Management. * No trail upgrading until access has been negotiated.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 25
3. Access to Lansdowne Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
* The Uof A is concerned about increased use of the access to the top (Lansdowne) and do not want the access upgraded as or shown on plans.
Do not show this as access on plans.
Continue negotiations with U of A. Parks and Recreation Planning.
* Lansdowne residents do not favour this do not favour this access being upgraded to a hardsinface. No other access exists between Grandview Heights and Whitemud Drive.
* No upgrading proposed.
4. Access to Grandview Heights Some residents would like access to the Grandview neighbourhood. Bike trail connection, which was discussed at first meeting was not shown on plan. Transportation does not favour a bike trail along Fox Drive.
* Include bike trail connection Project Implementation. along Fox Drive and up to Grand- (Design) view Drive.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 26
5. Access to Brookside, Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
No major concerns were identified, however, access points must be designed to be sensitive to adjacent residents and provide buffering. Brookside residents did not want a separate bike trail developed on the east side of 141 Street, as the street can provide the required linkage for the system.
Include in design.
Project Implementation.
6. Access/Linkage Across Whitemud Drive * An at-grade connection across Whitemud Drive has been requested by residents. This has been discussead on numerous occassions by the Transportation Department, however, residential ladevelopment on the south side of Whitemud Drive has not been planned in detail. This linkage would connect the bicycle/ pedestrian network into Riverbend.
* Development of this linkage * Referred to Transportation should be budgetted for by the Department. Transportation Department. * Request referred to Land Management of Parks and Recreation to incorporate in subdivision for Bulyea Heights.
7. Viewpoint Development * Four potential viewpoint locations have been identified. Public opinion varies on the need for viewpoints: type of structure . size, materials, etc.
â&#x20AC;˘* Adjacent residents will be consulted prior to the installation of viewpoint amenities.
* Planning/Land Management/ Project Implementation.
A public consultation process with residents and community groups will occur prior to installation occurring. Planning/Implementation/District involvement required.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 27
B. 45 AVENUE -23 AVENUE 1. Additional Trails in Ravine - Westbrook Area -23 Avenue Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
* Comments in the briefs/questionnaires requested additional ravine trails. These were not proposed because numerous (3-5) bridges would be required. Trails are being developed on the top-of-bank in Ogilvie Ridge and are proposed for Blue Quill.
* Need to examine the potential and the costs of additional trails * Additional Plannin required. * Additional Planning
2. Blue Quill Top-of-Bank Trails * Blue Quill Subdivision was developed prior to the developer being required to to build top-of-bank walkways. The need to develop a separate surface trail is not largely supportedby residents. Landscape encroachments exist in some areas which limit the perceived public access along the top-of-bank. Residents have suggested that the top-of-bank hardsurface trail be abandoned and a granular trail connection be developed in the ravine from the Calgary power right-of-way to 23 Avenue. The majority of land on the west bank of the creek is privately owned, heavily wooded and steeply sloped. The east bank is similar, in that development potential is restricted. Two additional bridges would be required.
* See Map #4. * This area should be subject to separate negotiations with the Blue Quill Community for the details of design required to mitigate impacts of the trail.
Implications
* A public consultation process with residents and community groups will occur when detailed design plans have been prepared. Planning/Implementation/ District involvement required. * Trail loops ('ItansAlta Right-of -way - Westbrook) presently exist and winter access into this area is possible because the creek can be crossed * Review area in detail prior to implementation.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 28
2. Blue Quill Top-Of-Bank Trails - Continued Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
* See Map 5. * Negotiate trail access/ clearance under bridge investigate trail connection in future, below 23 Avenue.
Land Management/Project Implementation.
* Design plans need to provide sufficient buffering and screening.
* Incorporate in detailed design.
* 'Transportation Department has suggested utilization of existing roads through Blue Quill and a potential connection at 119 Street. 3. Additional Trails in Ravine -23 Avenue Area * The area has several undeveloped trails (i.e. Waskahegan) which currently cross under the 23 Avenue bridge. The area will be subject to construction during the Blackmud Creek Slope Stabilization and the future twinning of 23 Avenue. 4. Aspen Gardens * Access must be sensitive to adjacent residents and provide screening/buffering. Concern for people parking in community to use neighbourhood access. Generally this is not a problem if parking/staging areas are identified in the ravines.
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 29
5. Westbrook Drive Access Implications
Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
*Access at Environmental Services pump station. Agreement needed with Environmental Services to ensure access is developed in conjunction with residents. * Limit width of access trail as this area is quite narrow, heavily treed.
Try to combine Environmental District/Planning/Project Services plan and construction Implementation timing, landscaping, etc. Trail standard width into Westbrook may need to be reduced detailed design.
6. Additional Access to Bulyea Heights and Ogilvie Ridge Access from Clock Tower Park should be Incorporate in plan. identified on plan. Additional access to school/park may be desirable. 7. Viewpoints Three potential viewpoints have been identified. Public opinion varies on the need for viewpoints.
Project Implementation.
District/Planning/Project A public consultation process with residents and community Implementation. groups will occur prior to installation occurring. Planning/Implementation/District/ involvement required.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 30,
C. 23RD - AVENUE BEARSPAW
1.Twin Brooks/119 Street Bridge Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
Transportation has identified a potential vehicle crossing at 119 Street and 23 Avenue. Timing for the project is longterm.
* Parks and Recreation to develop interim pedestrian bridge to access Twin Brooks District Park (see Map 6).
* Planning to discuss with, Transportation.
2.Alignment across Baptist College Trail connection is essential as land owned by College stretches from 23 Avenue to the ravine. If agreement is not possible, this connection would not exist. Alternative would be bike trail on 23 Avenue which is not desirable.
See Map #7. Purchase/negotiate easement/obtain lease. Submit proposal of alternatives to Baptist College. Planning to follow-up.
*Planning/Project Implementation.
See Map #8. Alignment can follow proposal in this area. Some additional bank work trail from residential intrusion. Design work required.
*Project Implementation.
3.Skyrattler Condo/Apartment developments appear to encroach on 25' setback which limits area for top-of-bank trail. No public comments about alignment.
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4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 31
4. Bearspaw Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
Huntington Hills condo encroachment has limited perceived public access (See Map #9). Developer was not required to provide top-of-bank walkway. Residents have lobbied strongly for trail to be realigned in this rea. Bearspaw Drive residents do not support hardsurface trail in front of their homes. Alternative would be to go south along 111 Street and run trail below bank, or use existing streets. Costs of alternative need to be determined.
Area should be subject to detailed study and public input process as there are a number of issues concerning this area of the ravine.
Funding of trails may not include this area in 1990. District/Planning/Project Implementation.
* Alignment proposed by developing committee to be shown. See Maps #9 and 10.
D. GENERAL ISSUES 1. Increased vandalism, undesirables, garbage, endangered homes, Residents have expressed fear of their property being vandalized and their property valus lowering due to increased trail use by undesirables. The ravine area is public property and is open for the public to access now. By upgrading the trails, the Department will allow regular maintenance and police patrolling of the trails. Accessing problem areas will also be possible in a very short period of time.
That trails be developed where A statement regarding the improved designated on the Master Plan safety and self-policing that occurs and that the Department prepare after trails are developed has a operations/strategy outlining been prepared. commitments to maintaining/ policing the area.
Page 32
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
2. Top-of-Bank Walkways Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
Trails will have to be developed at the top of the ravine because: - in many areas the creek banks are too steep to have trails at creek level, - the creek meanders sharply in several areas and would require multiple bridges. Many top-of-bank trails are already in place or have been included in site development plans submitted by land developers in southwest.
That top-of-bank trails be developed where designated on the Master Plan, that they be designated multi-use trails and be 3m in width wherever possible.
Residents in the neighbourhoods of Blue Quill West and Bearspaw that live adjacent to the ravine have expressed their opposition to the alignment.
3. Disabled Access The Development Committee has recommended that a lkm loop be includfed in the Master Plan that would be designated for people with disabilities. The circuit would be hardsurfaced and it was suggested that the loop be situated just below Aspen Gardens, southu of the Whitemud Freeway. The Development Committee chose a granular trail surface for the main trail but top-of-bank trails and other CCRP trails are hardsurfaced and accessible to the disabled.
The Department should consider alternatives to the suggested alignment (where appropriate and possible) especdially where extreme opposition will occur.
That the Department carry out the recommendation to allow for disabled access (albeit only lkm in the ravine) and show all other trails that are accessible in the CCRP on future trail maps.
Parking - drop off area required at the suggested site.
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 33
4. Amenities proposed in CCRP Extension Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
CCRP Position paper has identified other amenity developments at critical staging areas into the ravine system.
A master plan to be developed Further planning work required. Implications with the following See timelines. facilities; washrooms/amenity building, parking, picnic tables.
Implications
5. Management Plan for Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines The Development Committee recommended that management plan be prepared to coincide/ compliment the Master Plan for the ravine. This stemed from the committee's philosophy that the ravine be perserved as a "natural wilderness area" and development be limited.
Development Committee recom- Further planning work required. mendation.s form philosophical See Timelines. framework for "Management Plan".
The Department supports this philosophy as the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines represent the largest natural ravine within the residential area of City limits. The Committee prepared recommendations to the Department which were specific in the areas of: clean-up of the ravines, wildlife and natural environment management, int. policy, creek bed maintenance, routine maintenance, policing, funding for operations, and long-term protection of the ravine.
Operations plan to include: - Maintenance - Interpretation - Recreation - Protection - Funding
Page 34
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
5. Management Plan for Whitemud/Blackrnud Ravines - Continued Implications
Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
The Department has recognized the merits of these recommendations and will be preparing a management plan for the entire North Saskatchewan River Valley Ravine System.
Further planning work required. The Development Committee See Timelines. recommendation will be used to prepare an operations strategy for the ravines. A Long-Term Management Plan is required.
6. Designation of Whitemud/Biackmud as Nature Preserve Interpretive programs Development Committee recommended that and signage should Whitemud/Blackraud Ravines be designated as convey message. "nature preserve" which implies minimal development of the ravine, and "official/ status" - preserved as a natural area, restrictions on development, "desire to protect" implications on long-range development etc. Edmonton Parks and Recreation recognizes the significance of the Whitemud and Blackmud Ravines as a unique natural environment.The area has long served the outdoor recreation needs of City residents; the Department is committed to preserving the area.
Insure impacts of future development are minimized through Environmental Impact Assessment process.
Further planning work required. See Timelines. Interpretation/Signage budgets and priorities to be identified.
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 35
6.Designation of Whitemud/Blackmud as Nature Preserve - Continued Cla ri fi ea ti on/Dis cussi on of Alternatives
Recommendations
The way in which ravine land is accepted by the City through the subdivision process is also consistent with the initiatives proposed. Ravine land is acquired as Environmental Reserves (ER), under the Planning Act. The ER designation severely limits development on such lands. Any development which can occur under the Municipal Land Use Bylaw must be in conformance to the Provincial Statutes.
Need to prepare River Valley Resource Management Plan.
The River Valley Bylaw reinforces this view as it proposes the "A" district for ravine lands. This district, "Metropolitan Recreation", has as its general purpose, the preservation of "natural areas and parkland along the river, creeks and ravines". It restricts development and may require envirorunental assessment of any discretionary development. Designation of the Whitemud/ Blackmud Ravines as "Natural Park Areas", can be essentially accomplished under the "A" district.
Consideration be given to redefining the "A" district through the River Valley Resource Management Plan. Perhaps there should be more than one district depending on the level of development.
Implications
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 36
7. Multi-Use of Ravine Trails Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
Implications
Equestrian Use - existing lease with Whitemud Equine Centre allows for use of area from Fox Drive - Snow Valley - Horses also go up Grandview Trail to University of Alberta Faint. About 12 individuals regularly use trails.* Department concerns are maintenance related and potential for pedestrian conflicts. Increased use by Equestrian's may occur if trails upgraded resulting in potential increased maintenance cost to Department. Public concerns are varied, from acceptance to negative reaction. Alternatives may be to provide a separate horse trail within the ravine. May require additional bridges.
No recommendation until long-term plan for Equine Center development because of limited numbers. Status quo.
More maintenance funding may be required because of equestrian use to ravine.
Additional trail development/ clearing required signage, monitor/ police use may not be possible. Design features on ravine trails to educate and direct users appropriately. Bike routes in the neighbourhoods may discourage ravine use.
Equestrian groups would like a trial period to assess their impact on the trails. Bicycle Use Present Bylaw prohibits bicycles on unpaved trails. This is presently difficult to enforce with the increasing popularity of mountain bikes.1.8 metre trail proposed for ravine is narrow and potential for pedestrian/bicycle conflict exists. Public
Signage, trail etiquette, trail alignment should curve to reduce speeds. Trail width to remain as proposed.
Project Implementation
On street cycling routes
Transportation Dept.
Page 37
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
7. Multi-Use of Ravine Trails - Continued Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
opinion varies greatly. Some bicycle commuters have little concern that ravine ravine trails are not hardsurfaced, as long as safe bike routes are available in the neighbourhoods.
should be designated and connections to the River Valley should be improved.
8. Dogs Present bylaw permits dogs in ravine, on a lease
No change to Bylaw proposed.
Concern for irresponsible dog owners and dogs not on a leash.
Provide signage/education.
Enforcement of Bylaw not always possible.
Waste/garbage bins provided.
9. Beaver Control Public opinion does not favour extensive beaver control. However, the department has a concern for loss of trees in the ravine. There is a need for further study. Edmonton Natural History Club may be willing to assist in a study.
Implications
Limited wildlife management plan may be required which would determine numbers and identify the limits of those numbers. Include a Long Range Management Plan. Interim-maintain e)dsiting programs.
Maintenance Branch/ Planning?
4.0 Issues Raised During the Process
Page 38
10. Storm Water Outfalls Clarification/Discussion of Alternatives
Recommendations
It has been noted that during periods of excessive run-off, materials are collecting at various outfalls within the ravines, (most noticeably 45 Avenue/Whitemud Drive).
Advise Environmental Services Environmental Services and request additional mainten- Public Works ance of the outfalls.
Implications
5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 39
5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN Introduction The plan accompanying this section displays the trail system (top-of-bank hardsurface trail and granular ravine trail), as proposed by the Program Committee. The alignments shown are the same with minor modifications as proposed and presented by the Program Committee at the public meeting held on 27 June 89. Planning solutions for a single problem examined by different parties often differ. The differences lie in divergent value systems employed by different groups. These have been mapped and described in the previous Section 4.0 - Issues. Each issue contains a clarification and a discussion of alternatives, proposed recommendations and the implications of these recommendations. Four of these are alignment issues that differ from those proposed by the Program Committee: i) Al Ravine Trail/Fox Farm A3 Access to Lansdowne B1 Blue Quill West/Top-of-Bank Trail iiv C4 Bearspawfrop-of-Bank Trail The proposed ravine trail will be a granular base surface 1.8m (6.0 ft.) wide. The top-of-bank trail incorporates existing hardsurface path with proposed connections and extension segments. The total trail system measures some 25.5 kms. composed of 16 kms. of hardsurface trail and 9.5 kms. of Valley Trail. This system will allow access to over 389.06 hectares (961.4 acres) of parkland of the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine systems and will eventually hook-up to the Capital City Recreation Park system. 5.1 The Trail System Starting at the northern terminus by Fox Drive, the granular trail begins just south of the Campbell Bridge on the east side of the Whitemud Creek. The trail follows the meanders of the creek as a mirror image perched on a small bench above the creek but below a larger terrace. No new trail will have to be constructed. Once this section has naturalized after reconstruction the width of the trail clearing will in fact be reduced.
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5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 40
The trail heads up the steep slope above the small parking lot and maintenance facilities. The trail traverse the slope and then descends to the floodplain. As the trail enters the mix deciduous forest the noises of the City become less noticable as the mass of the closed canopy forest engulfs the path and muffles the sounds. Emerging from the forest, the trail crosses the first bridge. From this vantage point, the power of the natural processes that have shaped the valley, the steep slopes, and pronounced elevation changes created by the downcutting action of the creek are seen. The trail crosses briefly to the west side and back to the east. The granular trail transects one of the few contiguous conifer stands found in the ravines. The trail follows the base of the steep slope below the University of Alberta lands. At this point a bridge connects to existing access trails from the east side (Lansdowne) and from the west side (Brookside). The TransCanada Pipeline hangs high above as it straddles the Whitemud Creek. The trail moves away from the creek following the base of the east valley wall. Passing through the University lands, the trail cuts through two areas of regeneration, where pioneer species are once again taking hold, reclaiming and obsurring evidence of a past land use. The trail then skirts around a seasonal pond. Once again existing trails will be redeveloped in this section. The only new construction will be the two pedestrian bridges. Continuing on the east side the trail crosses a large flat terrace and crosses back to the west side at Snow Valley. A new bridge will be built at the same location as the current structure. Snow Valley will be the main access area for the entire ravine. Already possessing washroom facilities and parking lots, this area will become the hub of the trail system. The major new facility for this development zone is a paved handicap trail to be located south of Whitemud Freeway with improvement to upgrade some of the existing facilities at Snow Valley. The Snow Valley Complex nestles on the flat terrace of the floodplain. Most of the vegetation has been removed or thinned to such an extent that a panorama view is possible. A sense of the space, the volume created by the steep valley walls and flat topography can be experienced. The Whitemud Freeway acts as a visual and sound barrier curtain, a threshold, where once through, the nature of the landscape becomes as close to a non-urban forest as is possible in the City. Between the Whitemud Freeway and the TransAlta right-of-way, the trail criss-crosses the creek four times. Access trails descent from Aspen Gar-
5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 41
dens and Westbrooke (east side) and Bulyea Heights and Ogilvie Ridge (west side) into the valley. The granular trail passes through many different representative vegetation communities of the valley and transacts several features of this physiographic unit .The combination of the vegetation with the topographic relief creates several separate distinct "rooms". This section of the trail comes closest to emulating the feeling of a "near natural" experience in the urban context. After crossing the last bridge, the trail climbs back out of the valley to the west side of the Whitemud Creek into Ogilvie Ridge. The many switchbacks and meanders of the creek between the steep valley walls would require an additional four bridges to extend the trail to 23rd Avenue. The TransAlta right-of-way will become a major east-west connecting link. This paved access trail will provide access for future communities south of Ogilvie Ridge on the west side and from Blue Quill West on the east side. This is also the main crossing for the top-of-bank paved trail from the west side (from Bulyea Heights/Ogilvie Ridge) to the east side (Blue Quill West/Skyrattler/Bearspaw). At the confluence of the Blackmud with the Whitemud Creek just south of 23rd Avenue, a development zone has been proposed. This area would be designed to accommodate parking, washroom facilities and major interpretative displays. Transportation Department plans call for 23rd Avenue to become a 6 lane road with 2 bridges by 2000. Once more detailed information is available it will be possible to develop detail trail plans for this area. A bench will be designed into the bridge structure to allow access underneath 23rd Avenue for future trail extensions. As subdivision plans are developed for lands west of the Whitemud Creek and for lands between the Whitemud and Blackmud Creek, the top-ofthe-bank trails will be incorporated as part of the subdivision process. Within the Blackmud Creek ravine, the creek meanders between the steep sloped banks on the east side and the more gentle slopes on the west to such an extent that trail construction in the valley would necessitate several bridges between 23rd Avenue and 111 Street. Future Transportation plans call for a bridge at 119 Street by 2010 and a bridge at 111 Street by 1993. Similar to the 23rd Avenue bridges, a trail bench can be designed to accommodate trail access underneath. A small network of granular trail is proposed for the area between Bearspaw (east side) and Running Creek (west side). This area is currently maintained to a park level and is not a representative vegetation of the ravine.
5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 42
The plan of trail alignments for the granular trail and top-of-bank trails are included with this section. The top-of-bank trail is a multi-purpose trail, while the granular trail is a pedestrian path system.
5.2 Bridges The engineering firm of Reid Crowther was awarded a contract in January 1990 to investigate the proposed bridge locations. Their report will provide the following information: • provision of a geodetic survey to establish elevation datum points at each bridge location, • detailed electronic survey to establish a profile of the bank and creekbed at each site, • provision of a geologic study to address drainage problems, slope stability, erosion and high water/ice elevations based on flow studies, • generation of a report with recommenedations as to optimum site specific bridge locations, bridge length, bridge elevations, geological site problems, foundation recommendations, construction techniques and cost estimates. The first stage of this report will examine 50 and 100 year flood levels to determine bridge spans and then prepare preliminary cost estimates.
5.3 Interpretation/Signage The necessity for some type of interpretive program in the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine was made clear through expression of the public's concern to Parks and Recreation over the past year. An effective interpretive program would serve to educate the public about the area's unique natural history and to promote responsible use to ensure longterm health of the landscape. The interpretive program can take one of two forms; personal and nonpersonal. The most efficient method to employ would be in the installation of trailhead signs and interpretive panels throughout the system. Major access and neighbourhood trailhead signs would provide guidance and orientation while interpretive panels would provide information and education. Signs - The major focus of the non-personal interpretive program should be a series of interpretive panels along the trail system based on a selfguiding format. In addition to the interpretive panels, there should be trailhead signs at major access and neighbourhood access points (see Fig. 1). Whereas the trailhead signs would provide the visitor with guidance
4
5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 43
and orientation to the trail system, the trailside interpretive panels would tell the natural story of the ravine. 1 Major access trailhead. sign (Fig. 2 & 2a) - The major public access points for this trail system will be in the area of the Whitemud Park and Fox Drive, Whitemud Drive at Snow Valley (one access north and one access south) and at 23rd Avenue (Fig. 1). At each of these locations, there would be a major trailhead sign. As described above, each sign would provide orientation to the trail system.Included would be a trail map and accompanying text outlining rules and regulations, promoting good trail and hiking etiquette and encouraging respect for the environment. In addition, the signs should serve as an introduction to the creek and ravine as a natural area. 2. Neighbourhood access trailhead signs (Fig. 3) - In addition to the major access points, there are several locations identified to provide residents of adjacent communities access to the ravine. Each of these locations would be equipped with a neighbourhood trailhead sign. These smaller signs would contain an abbreviated version of the information on the main trailhead signs. 3. Sing)e interpretive panels (Fig. 4, 4a & 4b)-The story told by the interpretive panels as a whole should focus on the wild character of the ravine, how it came to be, and by what means it will remain so in the face of increasing residential encroachment. As described above, there is a wealth of wildlife in the ravine. There are several specific locations which could be used to exemplify the complexity of the ravine's natural environment. Such sites as a beaver cleared meadow or an old growth spruce forest would be good locations for single interpretive panels. Presenting a single and relatively concise component of the larger story, the single panel is well suited for this purpose. 4. Viewpoint/deck multiple interpretive panels (Fig. 5) - There are a number of other locations which show larger, more complex natural features for which a multiple interpretive panel with viewing deck would be more appropriate. Examples of such sites include the Whitemud clay exposure or one of the oxbow lakes. In addition to this type of site within the ravine, any viewpoints planned for the top of the bank trails should also include multiple interpretive panels in their design.
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5.0 TRAILS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Page 44
Design Rationale: (Fig. 6) On-site media were identified as the best means to interpret visible processes and features. However, the report also emphasized that on-site media must be unobtrusive in order to interpret rather than compete with their sites. All on-site interpretive media outlined in this media package are designed to be easily read and understood, yet not to intrude overly on their environments. This combination of visibility and unobtrusiveness is accomplished primarily through aspects of profile, shape and materials. There are also orientational media outlined in this package. These media must be more easily recognized and used than interpretive media. As a result, such media as Route Maps have a higher profile and different shapes than the interpretive media although they employ combinations of the same materials and design elements. Another important aspect of overall design of interpretive media for the Whitemud/Blackmud Rail System is unity. By establishing common profiles, shapes, materials and design elements such as type styles, colours and illustrative techniques, we will help visitors recognize media as belonging to a certain class of information or experience. Once a visitor has seen more than one interpretive media in the Whitemud/Blackmud System, he will identify the common design elements, either consciously or subconsciously, and expect to find an interesting interpretation of local features, processes or history presented wherever these elements recur. To maintain visual interest through diversity and to allow for enough flexibility that a medium can be adapted to specific sites, a range of ways in which basic shapes, profiles and materials can be used is presented in these pages. As long as basic common design elements are maintained, other modifications to suit sites and applications are possible. Profiles: (Fig. 6) On-site media in the 'Whitemud/Blackmud Trail System will present two profiles. Low profiles will be used for interpretive media to keep them for obscuring views or intruding into the landscape. Higher profiles have been designed for orientation media of particular kinds such as Directional Signage, Route Maps and Orientation/Information Displays simply because they must be visible and distinctive as part of their orientational or directional purpose. Degree of profile is mainly a function of height in this environment, hence orientation Media will be at eye level whereas interpretive media will be at a lower level.
6.0 Operations Plan
page 45
6.0 Operations Plan An Operations Plan and a Park Master Plan are the two keystones upon which the future development and maintenance of the park are guided. A Master Plan describes and shows the location of facilities and activity areas. An Operations Plan outlines measures for the continued day-to-day management of the park. It further delineates the roles, responsibilities and expectations of various agencies and coordinates specific tasks required to resolve issues identified during the planning process. The plan establishes policies and procedures to maintain the long-term viability of the park. The components of the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Park Operations Plan are: • Maintenance • Interpretation • Recreation • Fire/Police Protection • Wildlife/Vegetation Management The implementation of the Operations Plan entails two action plans to resolve issues. A commitment to maintain the natural systems within the ravines through the establishment of long range objectives and, the need to ensure existing interim concerns are taken care of. The Development Committee prepared recommendations to the Department on a Operations Plan. Their full recommendations are included in Section 3.0 Planning Process of this report. The Committee identified both interim and long range issues. These have been incorporated in this section and have also been used in the terms of reference of the Engineering Feasibility. Study for the pedestrian bridge locations. They will also be used as part of the terms of reference for the construction of the granular pedestrian trail in the valley.
6.0 Operations Plan
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The Development Committee identified seven topics for consideration as part of the Operations Plan: 1.Preliminary measures 2. Wildlife and natural environment management 3. Interpretetive policy 4. Creek-bed maintenance 5. Routine maintenance 6. Policing 7. Funding and long-term viability Listed below are examples of interim issues and long range objectives as outlined by the Development Committee: i) Interim: - clean-up creekbeds, dump sites, scattered man-induced garbage. - close unofficial vehicle access points. ii) T ,ong Range: - develop a combined Wildlife/Vegetation Management Plan. - within each of the five components of the Operations Plan (Maintenance, Interpretation, Recreation, Fire/Police and Wildlife/Vegetation Management) prepare appropriate policies and procedures. A series of meetings were held with representation from Parks Planning, Project Implementation and two Districts. The initial discussion used material developed by the Development Committee and expanded their list. This list is "work in progress" and the issues will over time be expanded and modified. 1. Preserve area as "Natural Wilderness Area" 2. Clean-up Ravine 3. Reforestation 4. Wildlife Management 5. Naturalization (Regeneration) 6. Creek Bed Maintenance
6.0 Operations Plan
7. Funding for Maintenance 8. Levels of Maintenance 9. Policing/Safety 10.Fire Protection 11.Interpretation Programs 12.Recreation 13.Storm Water Outfalls
14.Public Involvement (i.e. Friends of Whitemud) 15.Insect Control (Herbicides and Pesticide Use)
Page +-
6.0 Operations Plan
16. Bank Stabilization
17._ Viewpoints 18._ ATV's and Snowmobiles 19.. Beaver Managorneut
page 48
6.0 Operations Plan
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There are four goals to the Operations Plan as identified by the City of Edmonton Parks and Recreation: * 1. To maintain and utilize the natural drainage system -- protect natural watercourses and their environs for their scenic, recreation and wildlife value, and protect water quality; â&#x20AC;˘ 2. To protect the woodland environment -- specimen trees and fragile vegetation, and manage the forest environment in general for its ecological, scenic and recreational value; e 3. To preserve the topographic environment -- avoid alteration to the topography, as this terrain governs the flow of water and is the essence of the ravine systems; and, â&#x20AC;˘ 4. To minimize maintenance cost -- locate and design facilities in response to drainage, soils, slope and vegetation conditions.
6.0 Operations Plan
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6.1 Maintenance The WhitemudiBlackraud urban forest is a fragile ecosystem. As pressure to develop more subdivisions above the ravines continues, it will become difficult to balance the increased demand for recreation opportunities and the preservation of the ravine ecosystems. The Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines offers a unique opportunity to preserve a natural area in a "near natural" state. The maintenance of this park will be directed towards the facilitation and enhancement of this experience for the park user. Several recreational land uses already exist in the idoodplain. These include intensive uses like the ski hill and campground at Snow Valley and less extensive like the Waskahegan Trail. The maintenance philosophy as expressed by the Development Committee has been used to ensure that aspects of preservation and management are properly outlined and that the trail system adheres to minimum safety requirements and that adequate opportunities for interpretative programming are feasible. As a result, all signage will provide for and maintain safety. Any furniture along the trail will be maintained to depai tment standards and approved service levels. Litter pick up along the trail system will also be done to meet department standards and approved service levels. Natural forest and bush areas adjacent to the trail will not be maintained. There will be no arbitrary removal of dead trees, brush or removal of beaver dams or beaver. Action will be taken to preserve trails, bridges and other facilities if required. A maintenance zoning system has been developed to explain this concept. There are two parts to this system. A map that locates the particular area of the ravine systems and the written documentation that outlines a heirarchy of frequency of service and, level and type of maintenance practice to be used. The zones relate to proposed facilities and activities and the landscape unit in which they are located.
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page 51
6.0 Operations Plan
A. DEVELOPMENT AREA ZONE These areas are adjacent to the roadways which intersect the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines. The major locations identified are: • Fox Drive (Fox Property Farm and Whitemud Park) • Whitemud Drive (Snow Valley) • 23 Avenue (confluence of Whitemud and Blackmud) • 111 Street and Blackmud Creek Within this zone the following facilities would be permitted: - parking lots - major interpretative displays - washrooms - limited picnic facilities - maintained grassed areas - low key lighting - blue phone locations B. ACCESS TRAILS ZONE This zone is a transition from the top-of-bank communities (Grandview Heights, Brookside, Lansdowne, Aspen Gardens, Bulyea Heights, Westbrooke, Ogilvie Ridge, Blue Quill West, Skyrattler and Bearspaw) down into the ravines. They are linear in shape and decend from the crest of the ravine to the floodplain through which the creeks meander. It contains both hardsurface and granular surface trails. The size of the zone varies according to the type of surface construction. Construction standards established are: hardsurface trail 3.0m (9.8 ft.) and for the granular trail 1.8m (6 ft.) wide. The major access trails identified are: • Fox Drive • Whitemud Drive • TransAlta Right-of-way • 23 Avenue (Future) • 111 Street (Future)
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6.0 Operations Plan
page 52
Within the access zone the following facilities would be permitted: - granular trail - hardsurface trail - blue phone locations - maintained grass strip - low key lighting at trail head Maintenance: would only occur if needed for safety or health reasons; for instance, natural obstruction caused by tree fall or water ponding, and collection of garbage and trail side litter.
page 53
6.0 Operations Plan
C. RAVINE TRAIL ZONE
A long thin linear zone defined by the final location of the trail, the width of the trail surface and a small shoulder on either side of the trail. Trail Width
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Within tis zone the following facilities would be permitted: - granular trail - interpretive program opportunities Maintenance: would include routine garbage collection, repairs to trail surface as a result of water problems and removal of dead falls that cross the trail. No tree removal would be permitted outside the 2.8m width. The trail shoulders would be allowed to naturalize. D. NATURAL ZONE
This zone is the largest area of the ravine system. It comprises over 80% of the total land, including unique and representation landscapes, vegetation committee and wildlife habitats. No routine maintenance will be permitted in the area including, tree pruning, grass cutting or beaver control programs. Man-made garbage would be removed; however, no natural occurrences like windfalls would be cleaned-up unless they present a safety problem for trail users. Within this zone no facilities would be permitted. Approved research activities would be allowed to monitor the health of the ravine systems and to expand existing resource data will be permitted. Maintenance: no routine maintenance. E. TOP-OF-BANK ZONE
Similar to the Ravine Trail, this particular zone runs parallel to the length of the ravine system. It is the area where the lacustrine plain interfaces the valley slopes down to the creek. It is also the transition from residential land use to recreation use.
page 54
6.0 Operations Plan
There are two segments, one being public land and the second private lands. This distinction is necessary to address acceptable levels of maintenance for public and private lands.. Within this zone the following facilities would be permitted: - viewpoints of valley - maintained grass areas beside street or sidewalk - naturalized areas toward crest of slope and tree lines. Maintenance: according to approved Department service levels for public lands.
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6.0 Operations Plan
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6.2 Interpretation Of all the larger ravines in Edmonton, the Whitemud/Blackmud is presently perhaps the closest to being truly wild. The ravines support, throughout the year, large numbers of birds and mammals as illustrated in a report by the Edmonton Natural History Club in 1988. Eighty-five species of birds have been documented and twenty-two species of mammals including White-tailed Deer, Mule Deer, Coyote and the occasional Moose. This diversity of mammals reflects a great variety of habitat with nine distinct habitat types represented. Some of these areas are home to such rare or uncommon plants as Yellow Lady's Slipper Orchid, Roundleaved Orchid and Western Wood Lily. The public has made it quite clear that the wild character of the ravine should be retained and that they have the opportunity to learn more about its natural history. This point was raised numerous times through presentations and submissions to Parks and Recreation over the past year. Also, a 1988 survey of residents living adjacent to the ravine, carried out by the Edmonton Natural History Club, showed similar interests. 33% of respondents identified walking or hiking to enjoy the wildness and feeling of remoteness of the area" as their primary use of the ravine. Another 25% used the ravine for nature observation. There is a need therefore to ensure interpretive programming opportunities are available to the public. In the short term, the interpretive program would introduce the area's users to many unique facets of the ravine's natural environment. In the long-term, the program would promote conservation and encourage responsible environmental stewardship. The interpretive program can be offered in two areas; personal programs and non-personal programs. A. Personal Programs At present resource levels, the John Janzen Nature Centre will continue to offer a limited number of personal interpretive programs within the ravine. For example, Beaverwatch programs will continue as long as there is public interest (and as long as beaver remain in the creek). Another program such as Wild Rose Ramblers, may expand with the installation of the hiking trail. Also, extension group programs and hikes from the Nature Centre will use the ravine on occasion, perhaps more with the new trail. Local natural history groups such as the Edmonton Natural History Club and the Edmonton Bird Club may also offer field trips and guided walks into the ravine especially after the new hiking trail is in place.
6.0 Operations Plan
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Finally, use of the ravine as a teaching area could be promoted through such indirect persons] programs as the Woodlot Discovery Kit developed through the Edmonton Nature Centres Foundation by the John Jan7en Nature Centre. This tool could be used by area schools, non-school groups and community organi7ations to discover the respect the ravine's environment. B. Non-personal Programs With current funds available, perhaps the most efficient means to provide public interpretation is through the use of non-personal programs such as trail signs and brochures. Brochures - To provide a more detailed look at the natural, and human, history and also the hiking opportunities in the ravine, information brochures could be developed. The Edmonton Natural History Club is presently in the preliminary stages of planning such a brochure based on information compiled by students on summer grant programs. The City of Edmonton could provide support to this group in the production of this guide.
6.0 Operations Plan
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6.3 Recreation Programs With the installation of the trail, two things will happen which affect recreational use: the number of users will increase and the patterns of use may change. Increased accessibility will attract a greater number of people. Considering the desire to retain the natural character of the ravine, and assuming effective public education takes place, it is hoped that the increased use will result in minimal disturbance to the area. Organized Activities The hosting of organized outdoor recreational events (such as foot races or orienteering events) should be regulated. Presently, any groups wishing to stage such events in the river valley parks must contact the River Valley Outdoor Centre to seek permission. This practice should continue to include the WhitemudiSlaclunud Ravine to ensure that such use is compatible with other uses of the ravine and the program statement. Organized activities such as Daycamps should continue where they presently occur. Expansion should not be considered if they threaten to disturb the natural environment outside of the major access zones. Casual Activities The majority of the casual recreational activities listed previously have minimal impact on the environment (walking, nature observation, photography, etc.) There are some activities which have the potential to create user conflicts (mountain bicycling, horseback riding - See Section 4.0 Issues). There other activities which are illegal and should be controlled through bylaw enforcement (snowmobiling and other off-highway vehicle use). Some activities are, and should continue to be, restricted to particular areas or times of the year. Tobogganing occurs on the hill in Whitemud Park at Fox Drive, picnicing occurs in Whitemud Park and also in the area immediately south of Whitemud Drive, canoeing and kayaking occur on the creek during spring high water in June. Cross-country skiing has occurred mainly on the frozen creek and along short sections of undeveloped trails. Considering the width of the proposed trail (1.8m within the ravine) and the fact that it will see a high degree of use by hikers in the winter, it is not recommended that the trails be trackset for skiers. There are a number of options, such as open meadows and close to Snow Valley, which could be used by skiers.
6.0 Operations Plan
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Finally, activities which have a detrimental effect on the environment, such as random camping and treehouse or fort building should be strongly discouraged. Summary The area covered by the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine system sees a multitude of recreational uses, both organind and casual. Use will increase with better access and the construction of the new trail. Control of activities may at times be difficult and with limited resources, Parks and Recreation may have to depend on the public to police itself. Effective interpretation will help to minimize disturbance and vandalism. It is recomended that recreational activities in the ravine be monitored following trail installation. Further, organized activities should be closely regulated in keeping with the desire to minimally disturb the natural environment.
6.0 Operations Plan
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6.4 Protection (Fire/Police) Interim:
* Park police will extend the CCRP service area to include the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine System. No additional resources will be allocated at this time. * Minor fire control problems occur on a regular basis from unauthorized campfires. Improved access will enable the Fire Department to provide improved service.
Long Range: * Identify blue phone locations for trail system. * Need to review Fire/Police resource allocation. * Coordinate programs for protection against fire, vandalism and other activities with police, park personnel and citizen groups. * Establish a policy and program for major fire occurrence in ravines. * Encourage the use of volunteer public participation where appropriate.
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6.0 Operations Plan
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6.5 Wildlife/Vegetation Management
Continued urban encroachment adjacent to the Whitemud/Blaclanud Valleys is reducing the quality and size of available habitats. The viabillity of existing habitats will become harder to ensure as new subdivisions are developed particularily south of 23rd Avenue. The Department has discussed the need to prepare a Wildlife/Vegetation Management Plan as part of the North Saskatchewan River Valley Resource Management Plan. It is anticipated that terms of reference and timelines for this project will be prepared by January 1990. Listed below are issues currently identified. This list will be expanded and modified as the terms for the project and developed: • update inventories • identify habitats • establish policies and guidelines for protection of species and • habitats • provide information for interpretive programs. Human activity alters the landscape. In doing so, natural systems are changed soils erode, vegetation communities undergo dynamic structure modification and wildlife habitats in turn are altered. Today the simple viewing or observation of wildlife in the urban/suburban context satisfies public interest and enjoyment. It is important to consider the dynamic interactions of the components of the environment -- soils, water, vegetation, wildlife, people and man-made structures -- within a broader context as much as an isolated component. Wildlife requires a clean, fertile and ecologically productive environment. Adequate food supplies, clean water and protection are esstential. Because wildlife is mobile, it does not lend itself to management policies that can always be spatially defined; however, it is still possible to identify habitats which are particularly valuable for a given individual or set of species.
7.0 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Page 61
7.0 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT Prior to construction of the proposed trail, bridge and park improvements, an Environmental Impact Assessment (ETA) is required under Bylaw 7188, the North Saskatchewan River Valley Area Redevelopment Plan. A major principle of the River Valley Area Redevelopment Plan is to ensure the preservation of the natural character and environment of the North Saskatchewan River Valley and its ravine system. A number of objectives flow from this basic principle which have specific applications to the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Trails Development Project. These objectives include the following: i) To control the construction of major facilities within the North Saskatchewan River Valley and its ravine system; To minimize the potential adverse environmental effects of all existing and future public works on the natural environment of the North Saskatchewan River Valley and its ravine system; and To control the design and construction of future public works in a manner which will enhance the natural environment of the North Saskatchewan River Valley and ravine system. The intent of the Environment Impact Assessment, once prepared, is to ensure that the construction process for the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Park complies with the relevant objectives and policies set out in Bylaw 7188. The purpose will be two-fold: i) To assess the potential impacts on the natural and man-made environments of the proposed Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine Development; and ii) To recommend, where appropriate and economically feasible, measures that minimize or eliminate the potential adverse impact(s) on the environment resulting from this project.
TO ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Page 61a
Environment Impact Assessment Process 1. Preliminary Bridge Study Preliminary Bridge Study is currently being undertaken. The study will examine the feasibility of the proposed bridge locations and outline the proposed construction techniques. This information is the basis of determining the major impact of the bridge construction on the floodplain.
2. Historical Resources Impact Assessment Alberta Culture has indicated that a Historical Resources Impact Assessment will be required prior to any construction activity beginning. The terms of reference for this study have been prepared. The timing for the Historical Resources Impact Assessment completion is Spring, 1990.
3. Biophysical Assessment Information contained in the existing North Saskatchewan River Valley Biophysical Study will form the basis for the Biophysical Assessment of the Project. A representative section of Whitemud Ravine has been selected for the analysis and data has been digitized. The factors which will be assessed include: • BedRock Geology • Surfacial Geology • Physiography (Slope) • Groundwater • Surface Water • Soils • Plants • Animals • Micro-Climate Once this is completed, analysis of the information will help develop recommendations for the long-term management of the Whitemud Creek. This phase of the assessment may be completed in house (by Parks and Recreation) or by a consultant.
7.0 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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4. Social impact Assessment The two public meetings were held and an open house will help identify the perceived social impact issues of the proposed development. A slimmary of the measures to minimize the potential impact of this project will be summarized.
5. Timing The Planning and Development Department is responsible for the North SaskatchewanRiver Valley Bylaw (7188) and has indicated that the Environmental Impact Assessment must be completed and approved by Council prior to construction commencing.
,
8.0 PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT
Page 63
8.0 PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT Planning timelines have been prepared for discussion purposes to co-ordinate planning and construction for the Whitemud/Blackmud Ravines. The map accompanying this section shows two phases. • Phase One - construction from Fox Drive to the TransAlta Right-of-Way (30 Avenue) • Phase Two - Planning from TransAlta Right-of-Way (20 Avenue) to Bearspaw (9 Avenue). This phasing will allow construction to commence this year and give more time to resolve issues raised doing the preparation of this report between Parks and Recreation and the communities along the ravines. Because of the increasing competition for space in the river valley and environmental concerns, Parks and Recreation proposes to prepare an overall resource management plan for the entire North Saskatchewan River Valley. This plan would be composed of: • an inventory of resources in the valley • an identification of opportunities and constraints for recreational use, including environmentally sensitive areas • development of a Mission and Vision for the river valley accompanied by objectives and criteria for assessing recreation proposals, and • preparation (or revision) of existing plans for river valley and ravine park areas accompanied by operations plans. Items 1 and 2 were completed in 1981. The recent announcement of Phase II of the Urban Parks Program which will include the extension of Capital City Recreation Park, emphasizes the value of the resource management approach. Because of the opportunity for trail, bridge or amenity facility construction in previously undeveloped portions of the valley over the next 10 years, the issue of confirming what development (or lack of development) is appropriate to a particular part of the valley is crucial. The Whitemud/Blackmud creek systems are important components of the CCRP Extension. Since their planning and development is current and continuing over the 1990-92 period, this area represents an ideal opportunity to mesh the Development Committee's desire for an integrated master plan/operations plan (resource management plan) with the plan for the entire North Saskatchewan River Valley.
8.0 PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT
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Detailed timelines and processes for the preparation of integrated River Valley Resource Management Plan/CCRP Extension Plan/Area Resource Management Plan (such as Whitemud) are currently being developed. Necessary precursors to the Whitemud/Blacicmud plan would be: 1.
Development of mission, vision for the valley including resource management and recreation goals, to include public review and adoption.
2.
Review of concept plans for the valley (including CCRP Extension) and adjustments to these plans. Development of phasing plans for expenditures.
The generalized schedule is proposed as: 1990 - construction of trails/bridges from Fox Drive to the TransAlta Right-of-Way North of 23 Avenue - North Saskatchewan River Valley Resource Management Plan (vision, mission, goals and objectives) - Review and refinement of CCRP Extension proposal (concept alignments development proposals and phasing and costing) 1991 - development of Whitemud/Blackmud Master Plan a) detailed development and operations plan for the portion South of the TransAlta Right-of-Way. b) completion of master plan for issues not addressed in the trails plan for the portion Nof the TransAlta Right-of-Way. c) completion of long-term operations plan for whole Whitemud/Blackmud system 1992 - development of Whitemud/Blackmud South of TransAlta Rightof-Way. - begin construction of CCRP Extension
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APPENDIX I
WHITEMUO/BLACKMUD RAVINE TRAIL DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE Proposed Plan Review Comments Louis St. Laurent High School June 27, 1989
1.
Do you support, in concept the program statement for the proposed development of Whitemud/Blackmud Creek areas? 9 No
108 Yes
5 No Answer
Please explain Yes No No Answer 2.
3.
-89% - 7% - 4%
Do you support the proposed trail alignment; (A) from Fox Drive south to Whitemud Freeway?
(B) from Whitemud Freeway (C) from 23 Ave. south to 23 Ave.? along Blackmud Ravine to the Bearspaw area?
4 No 104 Yes 14 No Answer
7 No 101 Yes 14 No Answer
23 No 82 Yes 17 No Answer
Please Explain
Please Explain
Please Explain
Yes No No Answer
Yes No No Answer
Yes No No Answer
- 85% - 3% - 12%
- 83% - 6% - 11%
- 67% - 19% - 14%
Do you support the location of the neighbourhood access points; in Area (A) as above?
in Area (8) as above?
in Area (C) as above?
4 No 92 Yes 25 No Answer
8 No 90 Yes 24 No Answer
6 No 82 Yes 34 No Answer
Please Explain
Please Explain
Please Explain
Yes No No Answer
Yes No No Answer
- 76% - 3% - 21%
- 74% - 7% - 19%
Yes No No Answer
- 67% - 5% - 28%
4.
Which type of surface material do you support for the three following types of developed trails? (An asterisk * next to an item refers to the surface type recommended by the Development Committee). (A) Top of the Ravine 69 39 13 5 10
Asphalt* 50% 29% Concrete* Granular 10% Soil/Grass 4% Other 7%
78% 7% 11%
(C) Access Trails 87 Granular* 27 Asphalt* 24 Soil/Grass* 1 Concrete 15 Other
56% 18% 16% 10%
Please Explain
Which of the following trail widths do you support for the three types of developed trails? (An asterisk * next to an item refers to the width recommended by the Development Committee). (A) Top of the Ravine 33 6 feet 24 8 feet 56 10 feet* 11 Other
27% 19% 45% 9%
Please Explain
6.
101 Granular* 9 Asphalt 14 Soil/Grass 6 Other
Please Explain
Please Explain
5.
(B) Main Ravine Trail
(B) Main Ravine Trail 95 â&#x20AC;˘ 6 feet* 3 8 feet 3 10 feet Other 22
77% 2% 2% 19%
Please Explain
Do you support the additional development of: (A) viewpoint platforms? 67 Yes
50 No
Please Explain - 55% Yes -41% No No Answer - 4%
5 No Answer
(C) Access Trails 90 6 feet* 7 8 feet 7 10 feet 23 Other Please Explain
71% 6% 6% 17%
6.
(B) viewpoint benches? 17 No
99 Yes
6 No Answer
Please Explain Yes No No Answer (C) other amenities throughout the park? 57 Yes
13 No Answer
52 No
Please Explain - 47% Yes - 43% No No Answer - 10% 7.
Do you support the proposed trail system; (A) from Fox Drive south to Whitemud Freeway?
(8) from Whitemud Freeway south to 23 Ave.?
91 Yes 7 No 24 No Answer
104 Yes 1 No 17 No Answer
(C) from 23 Ave. along Blackmud Ravine to the Bearspaw area? 77 Yes 15 No 30 No Answer
Please Explain
Please Explain
Please Explain
- 85% Yes - 1% No No Answer - 14%
- 75% Yes - 6% No No Answer - 19%
- 63% Yes No - 12% No Answer - 25%
8. Do you support the concept of a Whitemud/Blackmud Ravine's Management Plan? 109 Yes
4 No
Please Explain Yes No No Answer
9
No Answer
9.
Please make any recommendations you have regarding the implementation of the Management Plan. Thirty-four of the respondence stated that an ongoing management committee should be formed and several more suggested that ongoing public input was essential for the area to be managed effectively. This space is for any comments you wish to make.
OPTIONAL: Your Name Your Address Postal Code Affiliation