HVAC&R Nation September 2016 by AIRAH

Skills WORKSHOP Developing a gas measurement and monitoring plan – Part 2

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2 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

ISSUE 095

HVAC&R Nation is published by the Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air conditioning and Heating (Inc).

September 2016

3/1 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia. Tel: 03 8623 3000

Pacific perspective

Fax: 03 9614 8949

www.hvacrnation.com.au

Magazine team Editor Boon Mark Souphanh boon@airah.org.au Tel: 03 8623 3011 Contributing writer Sean McGowan

Advertising sales Glenn Douglas glenn@airah.org.au Ph: 03 8623 3018 John McGrath john@airah.org.au Ph: 03 8623 3007

Beginning as an apprentice in Newcastle, Michael Moller’s love for the open water led him across the South Pacific, where he has helped local tradesmen formalise their refrigeration and air conditioning qualifications. In another in our series of articles looking at HVAC&R in daily life, Moller shares his journey, and explains how Australia is helping its counterparts in the Pacific Island nations.

ISSN 1834-9522 HVAC&R Nation is printed on paper sourced from well managed forests and other controlled sources.

Design: Artifishal Studios 140 Johnston Street,Fitzory Victoria 3065 Tel: 03 9417 7420 Printing: Southern Colour 2 Southpark Close, Keysborough Vic 3173 Tel: 03 8796 7007

HVAC&R Nation regulars 6

Skills Workshop

The Toolshed

Gas measurement and monitoring – Part 2

see what’s new in the ‘Shed

8 Global Update

September exclusive

industry news from around the world Disclaimer HVAC&R Nation is an official publication of the Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heating Inc. Statements expressed in HVAC&R Nation do not necessarily reflect the policy or views of AIRAH or its members. No responsibility is accepted by AIRAH, the Editor or HVAC&R Nation’s supply partners for the accuracy of information or for errors or omissions. HVAC&R Nation is distributed without charge to all financial members of AIRAH. The publisher reserves the right to alter or omit any article or advertisement submitted and requires indemnity from advertisers and contributors against damages or liabilities that may arise from material published. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission of the Publisher.

13,979

TRAINING LIFT-OUT

Green Wedge fuel your enviro cred

Fly Guy accessories to keep you fly

24 Around the Nation who’s in the news?

AIRAH and industry classifieds

free listings from around the nation

Lighter Side the shonkier side of the nation

A ‘shroom of their own An aging glycol temperature-control system critical in the cultivation of mushrooms has been replaced with an innovative glycol-ammonia dry cooler combination to deliver significant operational savings and production-cycle improvements. Sean McGowan reports.

Please consider the environment and recycle this magazine if you are not going to keep it.

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 3

➲ Editorial

SKILLS TO PAY THE BILLS

Why is this the case? Well, ask anyone who’s been around the HVAC&R sector for a while and they’ll probably say the same thing – the government’s lack of investment in our niche (albeit vital) industry. On the flipside, they’ll also likely tell you that working in the industry is a pretty attractive proposition, and one that should sell itself. In many cases, working in HVAC&R means a career for life – the public’s craving for personal comfort has never been more sought after. For the most part, jobs are well paid, and there is also an ongoing need for continuing professional development. Also, if you’re lucky enough, the job can take you to some pretty interesting destinations, both geographically and professionally. Just ask this month’s cover feature star Michael Moller (page 20), whose humble beginnings as a refrigeration tech have led him to a role with the United Nations. As organisations such as AIRAH (and publications like HVAC&R Nation) attempt to increase trade awareness and skill up the current workforce, a concerted effort is needed to fill the void and eventually attract more skilled apprentices.

“ I have a very particular set of skills . . . I will find you, and I will install you a new split.”

One of the most common concerns I encounter when speaking to those involved in the HVAC&R industry’s trade sector is the ever-present skills shortage that’s plaguing the workforce. And sadly, the numbers don’t lie.

40 per cent don’t even attract any suitable candidates. And while 62 cent of applicants for these jobs have the required qualifications, a whopping 87 per cent of all candidates are deemed unsuitable for the roles.

Brace yourself for some stats. A recent Department of Employment report revealed that 50 per cent of all advertised HVAC&R jobs don’t get filled. In fact,

It doesn’t make for good reading, but the reason for the lacklustre numbers is simple – the majority of applicants simply aren’t skilled enough.

For now, stories like Michael’s can hopefully do their part to inject a little inspiration into the next generation, as well as those already immersed. Boon Mark Souphanh Editor

Become a member >> Member benefits: ■ An exclusive copy of the industry’s foremost technical reference — the AIRAH member’s handbook ■ Monthly copies of Ecolibrium and HVAC&R Nation magazines ■ Regular state and national email updates with industry news and events ■ Discounts on training, technical seminars and conference registrations

Apply online today www.airah.org.au/join

4 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

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September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 5

➲ Toolshed 01

Toshiba’s two-pipe super system

operating efficiencies, coupled with concern for environmental issues in the workplace, have rendered the piston-types obsolete.

Toshiba has launched the next generation of its two-pipe heat pump solution, the Super Modular Multi System (SMMSe).

The air compressors are vibration free and are designed for use when low noise is a consideration.

“The SMMSe is Toshiba’s latest and greatest VRF system to date,” says business unit manager John Caione. “It embodies developments in three core technologies – the compressor, heat exchanger and advanced intelligent control – combining to extend efficiency to unprecedented levels and a notably reduced product footprint.”

“If you operate a small to medium-sized business and currently use a piston-type reciprocating compressor, you are likely paying too much to operate those machines with limited energy efficiency,” says the company. “By updating your compressor to the advanced scroll compressor technology, you can enjoy smooth, vibration-free operation that is proven to be more reliable than piston-type compressors.”

The units provide a capacity of 56kW in a single module and maximum of up to 157kW in one system. A smaller footprint compared to the previous system aims to provide easier expansion and more flexible installation. The company says it has made significant improvements to its patented compressor, sophisticated rotational control, and high-efficiency heat exchanger.

For more information, go to www.southerncrossaircompressors.com.au n

Airstream’s iZone 320 climate control system aims to offer complete control over your ducted air conditioning system via a WiFi and 4G-enabled app.

The DC twin-rotary compressors use a two-stage compression method and operate in a wider range of rotation speeds. The new vanes are coated with Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC), which aims to increase toughness and reliability. According to Toshiba, the new compressors offer a displacement volume 50 per cent higher than the previous generation VRF system. Improvements to the SMMSe advanced rotational control broadens the thermal operating limits of the system from -5˚C to 46˚C in cooling mode.

The app is designed to provide users with control of an air conditioning system via smart phone or table. “Easy on the eye and your pocket, iZone 320 offers a choice of elegant control consoles or sensors that you can customise to suit your home’s interior design,” says Airstream. “Changing the background colours or facias on your controllers is as straightforward as choosing the precise temperature you want.”

For more information, go to www.toshiba-aircon.com.au n

The app uses a feature called iSense, which is a zone controller designed to detect if a room is unoccupied. The technology works to automatically adjust the room temperature or switch off the air conditioning depending on room occupancy.

Funky new Trunkie

Klemsan has expanded the range of sizes offered in its Trunkie range of cable duct.

Users can create up to nine “favourite” zone scenarios to suit their lifestyle, then schedule these “favourites” to match everyday living. However, for a quick set-and-forget “system off” timer, users can press the seven-setting sleep timer button, which enables the app to set major settings.

Available in popular profile widths of 25mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, and 120mm, the range now boasts an added 150mm width profile. This, along with additional depths in all profile sizes, now completes the range.

The Trunkie range also features ergonomically designed duct covers that can be mounted and dismounted, an upper score line designed to provide easy removal of the ribs, and a lower score line designed for easier splitting of wiring duct base and wall.

For more information, go to www.control-logic.com.au n

The 360 Cassette uses an omnidirectional airflow discharge, which is designed to produce minimal hot spots and cold spots, and more even temperature control. There are no louvre blades to obstruct airflow discharge helping to increase airflow delivery.

On a roll with Scroll

The Samsung Booster Fan design aims to provide directional airflow control setting without the use of louvre blades, assisting to maintain airflow direction to suit the user’s application.

Southern Cross Compressors has added a 4.5kW tank-mounted version to its Scroll series of orbital technology air compressors.

“Our focus lies in creating the best experience for our users,” says Samsung Electric’s national director Mark Booth. “Which is why we have transformed the four-way cassette into our innovative circular design to offer outstanding performance together with a premium aesthetic.”

Scroll technology air compressors aim to deliver ultra-quiet, energy-efficient operation. Designed to be lightweight, the units have a high output, offering a capacity of 0.663/min@8 bar – a higher output than a conventional 5.5kW, reciprocating, piston-type.

6 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

Airflow with aesthetic appeal

The recently launched 360 Cassette is one of Samsung Electrics’ newest air conditioning offerings.

The range is distributed by Control Logic.

Despite being a piston-type, reciprocating compressors are best-suited for small to medium applications. And according to the company, the demands for lower energy-use with higher

The iZone 320 climate control system works with Panasonic, Daikin, Toshiba, LG, Temperzone, Mitsubishi Electric, Fujitsu, and Hitachi air conditioning brands. For more information, go to www.izone.com.au n

A dovetail-style rail within the duct is designed to provide easy mounting of wiring duct accessories, such as cable clips and cable tie mounts inside the duct. While a special rib- pattern design and narrow finger spacing allows for improved wire entry management.

Streamlining climate control

Samsung 360 Cassette was awarded iF Design Award 2016 for design excellence. For more info, go to airsolutions.samsung@samsung.com n

Toolshed 06

Fresh air from Fantech

Fantech has developed a fully integrated and flexible VAV system called AirLink. It is designed to minimise energy consumption and deliver a more efficient, adaptive air-distribution solution. The AirLink VAV system includes four key components: air-design air-handling/fan-coil units with energy saving EC fans, intelligent Rickard electronic variable air-volume diffusers, Fantech axial fans incorporating vacon VSDs, and a low-pressure duct system.

A whiz in the kitchen

Shepherd Filters has launched its environmentally friendly disposable kitchen grease filter. According to the company, it captures up to 98 per cent of airborne grease before it enters the kitchen exhaust system, saving money, labour and the environment.

The filter is made from 100 per cent Australian wool, and is installed in front of a metal grease filter. It can be replaced and then disposed of with regular rubbish as the filters are completely bio-degradable. The filters meet all Australian standards.

The air-design units are matched to the highly efficient low-pressure duct network that delivers air through the electronic variable air-volume diffusers. The air is then returned using the Fantech axial fan and vacon drive VSD.

The extensive range of sizes for each component makes the AirLink system suitable for commercial buildings including schools and universities, hospitals, convention centres, and office blocks.

“The dramatic reduction of grease entering the kitchen-exhaust system brings immediate savings in reduced labour costs of ongoing metal filter washing – and, reduces the number of hood and duct cleanings required,” says the company. For more information, go to www.shepherdfilters.com n

For more information, go to www.fantech.com.au n

DO YOU HAVE A NEW PRODUCT TO GO IN THE TOOLSHED?

Email boon@airah.org.au All submissions received will be considered, though publication cannot be guaranteed.

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September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 7 HVAC HP Be Impressed 220X150 NoBleed v1.indd 1

19/10/2015 12:23 pm

➲ Global Update IRAN

FEELING THE BURN Long-term exposure of household air pollution is a significantly increases in the risk heart attacks, a new study has revealed. Examining air pollution among people living in north-eastern Iran, the study done by the American Heart Association found that those burning cleaner fuels in their homes were at a much lower risk cardiovascular death. The region is famous for having the highest rates of esophageal cancer in the world. "We know that smoking tobacco products and outside air pollution are linked to heart disease death," says lead researcher Dr. Sumeet Mitter. "Our study, using exposure history and time, is the first to find a significant and independent increased risk for all-cause, total cardiovascular disease and heart attack deaths due to increasing lifetime exposures to household air pollution from kerosene or diesel burning." n

CHINA

CHINA WARMS TO ONLINE AIR

SUB-ARCTIC SHOPPING AISLES

As summer temperatures soar in China, so has the online purchase of air conditioning units. Despite an overall reduction in AC sales in 2015, there has been a 40 per cent year projected increase in online AC purchases in 2016.

Shoppers in the UK were forced to brave temperatures as low as 0.8˚C in supermarkets – colder than parts of the Arctic – as retailers struggle to find ideal comfort levels amid the sweltering summer heat.

"The online sales of air conditioners in China will see rapid growth in coming years as more and more people are feeling comfortable buying bigticket items online,” says market specialist Liu Jong. “Also, there is improvement in after-sales service."

In a recent survey, it was found that visitors to a supermarket in Newcastle endured a bone-chilling low of 0.8˚C, while another supermarket plummeted to 2˚C.

Liu projects that by 2019, about 29 per cent of AC sales will likely be via online channels, compared with 13.6 per cent in 2015.

The majority of shops surveyed were below the ideal ambient shopping temperature of 18˚C, as recommended by the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers.

Compared with other major household appliances such as refrigerators and washing machines, AC units have the lowest adoption rate online, but that trend is now changing as companies begin to offer delivery and installation from online sales. n

“Thermal comfort is an issue for both shoppers and staff at supermarkets,” says Matt Snowden from CIBSE. “But, it can be difficult to keep the temperature within comfortable limits in a supermarket because of their size and the variety of heating and cooling needs in different areas.” n

THAILAND

USA

JOE COPS R-22 BLOW

THAI TREATY

Boutique supermarket chain Trader Joe’s has agreed to a $500,000 settlement arising from leaky refrigeration. The chain is expected to spend an additional $2 million over the next three years as part of a settlement to improve the equipment across its stores nationwide.

Thailand will receive AU$21.5 million from the UK and German government to help meet its climate targets.

The stores had been leaking R-22, which violates the Clean Air Act and federal stratospheric ozone regulations. “Some of the refrigerants now in use by Trader Joe’s are up to 4,700 times more potent than carbon dioxide,” says acting regional administrator for EPA’s Pacific Southwest region Alexis Strauss. “Today’s settlement will affect all of Trader Joe’s current and new stores to prevent the release of approximately 31,000 metric tonnes of carbon-equivalent greenhouse gases.” Similar cases had previously been filed against large chains Safeway and Costco Wholesale for leaks of ozone-depleting refrigerants. n

The UK and German governments are backing the new project called the Thailand Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (RAC NAMA). The project will support climate-friendly and energy-efficient cooling technologies, which will work to help Thailand reach its energy-saving and climate targets. “The UK has a strong commitment to tackle climate change and to develop well-functioning energy markets,” says Paul Bute of the British Embassy in Bangkok. “This commitment is both national, where we are considering how we can deliver net-zero emissions in the UK and international where we partner with countries like Thailand transitioning to a low-carbon economy.” n

8 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

UAE

MIDDLE EAST SCORCHES A record-breaking summer heatwave in the Middle East has resulted in parts of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Iran recording sweltering heat indexes of 60˚C. UN officials and climate scientists are predicting that the region's mushrooming populations will face extreme water scarcity in the coming decades, as well as temperatures almost too hot for human survival and other consequences of global warming. "This incredible weather shows that climate change is already taking a toll now and that it is by far one of the biggest challenges ever faced by this region," says UN climate advisor Adel Abdellatif. In nearby Iraq, scores of farmers around the country have been struggling with wilting crops, and general workforce productivity has decreased. Hospitals have also seen a spike dehydration and heat exhaustion numbers. n

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September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 9

➲ Feature

A ‘SHROOM OF THEIR OWN

Out with the old, in with the new. An innovative glycol system delivers significant savings and streamlines production at the Slyvan Australia mushroom spore factory.

An aging gly col tempera ture-control cultivation o system critic f mushroom al in the s h a s b e en replaced glycol-amm w onia dry coo ith an innov ler combina ative operational ti o n to deliver savings and s ignificant production-c y c le im provements Sean McGo . wan report s.

Mushroom spawn are the products from which mushrooms are commercially cultivated. They require a number of temperature-controlled processes in the production process, including the sterilisation of a substrate. And for almost 20 years, Sylvan Australia relied on a purely glycol temperature-control system for the process of substrate sterilisation.

GLYCOL STERILISATION Sylvan Australia’s old system relied solely on glycol as the heat-transfer medium.

Sylvan Australia – a local subsidiary of American company Sylvan Inc., – is Australia’s largest mushroom spore producer. It operates a high-tech facility in Windsor, New South Wales.

If conditions and the substrate allows, the spore will grow into mushrooms.

Heated by a gas-fired boiler to 120°C, the heat was used to sterilise the raw materials (wetted grain) for the growing medium.

In the wild, mushroom spores (the equivalent of seed, and only one one-hundredth of a millimetre long) are naturally dispersed from the fungi and carried long distances in the air before coming to rest.

However, the cultivation of mushrooms for the food market is a much more closely controlled process, beginning in a laboratory to ensure the integrity.

To achieve an even temperature throughout the process, the glycol was pumped around a jacketed vat (known as the blender) which in turn rotated around the grain.

10 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

Feature Once the grain reached its sterilisation temperature, the glycol was cooled to 6°C. This enabled the growing medium to be cooled before the introduction of the mushroom spore and subsequent product bagging. To achieve this temperature drop, an air-cooled heat exchanger had been used to reduce the glycol temperature from 120°C to 30°C, before an R22 aircooled chiller further reduced the temperature to 6°C. Eventually, the age of the system and associated costs to keep it in service reached a point whereby replacement was necessary. Rather than adopting a like-for-like replacement utilising R134a for example, Sylvan Australia sought to reduce both the energy consumption of the plant, as well as the site’s environmental footprint by as much as possible. This led Strathbrook Industrial Services to design a new system, which incorporates a dry cooler and ammonia chiller to dramatically reduce operating costs and improve production capabilities. The system features a water-cooled, braised-plate heat exchanger to provide heat transfer. Because this has been incorporated into a closed-loop system, the need for cooling towers has been removed. In their place, a dry cooler featuring eight electronically commutated (EC) fans provides basic heat-rejection capacity. A water pump circulating water between the plate-heat exchanger and dry cooler ensures the heat can be transferred from the hot glycol to the ambient air. Once the glycol temperature is reduced to 30°C, a pair of existing motorised valves diverts the glycol flow from the plate-heat exchanger to a 2000L buffer tank, which is held at 6°C by an ammonia chiller. According to Strathbrook’s Ian Wilson, M.AIRAH, the warm glycol mixes with the cold glycol to further reduce the temperature, thereby creating an instant cooling load for the ammonia chiller. “When the glycol-diverting valves change position, the primary water pump is shut down and a secondary pump circulates the cooling water between the dry cooler and the chiller’s water-cooled condenser,” says Wilson. This configuration means the dry cooler becomes the heat-rejection heat exchanger for the ammonia chiller. The ammonia chiller features a heat-recovery system that pre-warms water supplied to the boiler, as well as the water used to achieve the correct moisture content in the substrate (grain).

AMMONIA CHILLER The ammonia chiller set designed by Strathbrook is a self-contained, critical-charge system featuring its own, dedicated on-board controls and power. It delivers a cooling capacity of 105kW at -2.5°C SST (saturated suction temperature) and is water-cooled by water from the dry cooler. The system’s water heater features a variable heating capacity, which increases in capacity as the water temperature entering the heat-recovery heat exchanger falls. The refrigeration circuit features a single DX (direct expansion) ammonia plate-heat exchanger evaporator with a single, six-cylinder reciprocating piston compressor that circulates 4.9kg of anhydrous ammonia (R717).

Ammonia chiller with weather-proof panels.

The compressor has a variable-speed drive with an operating range of 25Hz to 50Hz (60Hz if required), and a single unloading cylinder-head capable of reducing the compressor’s capacity by 33 per cent. Individually controlled, the compressor can operate at a minimum speed in an unloaded state so that it doesn’t short-cycle during low-load operation. The compressor is also fitted with a positivedisplacement oil pump and oil-pressure safety control to monitor oil-pressure during operation. The oil level is controlled by an oil watch bolted to the sight glass position in the side of the crankcase, which displays the current operating state of the oil system. The oil pump and oil-pressure safety control can also stop the compressor in the event of low oil level or pressure. According to Wilson, the condenser has been located below and beside the heat-recovery heat exchanger. It is fed with cool water from the closed-loop dry cooler. “The condenser will condense the ammonia into a liquid, and gravity will feed it out the bottom of the heat exchanger and through the liquid driershell isolation valve,” he says. “The liquid then enters

the drier shell, which also acts as a liquid receiver, and is fitted with three bullseye sight glasses to allow the liquid level in the drier to be known.” The liquid then passes through the drier-shell outlet isolation valve into the liquid line, which delivers liquid refrigerant to the liquid-expansion valve station. A motorised valve controls the supply of liquid refrigerant into the evaporator, with a valve controller maintaining the flow so that 6K of superheat is maintained. The evaporator pressure is monitored by a pressure transducer located in the suction line after the evaporator. The leaving gas temperature is monitored by a sensor in a pocket in the suction line.

SYSTEM CONTROLS The new system features a proprietary controller to control the operation of the ammonia chiller. It takes readings from suction-and-discharge pressure transducers, plus condenser-water temperature and product-water temperature sensors. The controller displays the current operating pressures for suction and discharge, as well as the percentage of load.

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 11

➲ Feature

Dry cooler with expansion tank and water-spray system.

“The controller has a set point of 270kpa (-4°C) and has a dead band of 40kPa either side of the set point,” says Wilson. If the suction pressure falls below the set point, the compressor will slow down. Likewise if the pressure rises above, the compressor will speed up. “Once the compressor is at maximum or minimum speed, it will remain at that point until the operating conditions either return within the normal range or go outside that safety cut-out set points,” Wilson says. “And if the high (2000kPa) or low (180kPa) pressure safety is exceeded, the compressor will stop.” Manual safety-pressure controls are also provided. The system also features condenser-water flow control and chilled-glycol flow control that will both stop the compressor if there is no flow. An anti-freeze safety control will also stop the system if it detects glycol below -10°C.

PROJECT AT A GLANCE – SYLVAN AUSTRALIA THE EQUIPMENT Chiller: Strathbrook Industrial Services Compressor: Bitzer Controllers: Danfoss Dry cooler: Guntner Oil watch: Traxon VSDs: Danfoss

IN PRODUCTION After the glycol is heated to 120°C to sterilise the “batch” of grain, the batch is then ready to be cooled. At this point, the production control system changes the valves in the production room from heating to cooling, and the glycol is pumped to the heat exchanger outside the boiler room. When the cooling cycle begins, the dry-cooler pump starts and its fans are enabled. Cool water from the dry cooler is then pumped through the heat exchanger and back to the dry cooler. At this time, the condenser-water pump also starts, allowing the chiller to start if the glycol in the buffer tank is above the set-point temperature. After the hot glycol passes through the plate-heat exchanger, the heat is transferred to the water in the dry cooler. Its speed-controlled fans start when the water temperature reaches above 25°C so that this temperature is maintained in the dry-cooler exit pipe whenever possible. As the leaving water temperature increases, the speed of the fans also increases. Once the fans reach maximum speed, the dry cooler’s water-mist sprays are activated in four stages. If the water temperature is above 27°C, the water-mist system will spray water into the air around the dry cooler. As the water droplets evaporate, the air is cooled, which in turn increases the cooling capacity of the dry cooler. When the glycol temperature in Sylvan Australia’s production room drops to 30°C, the system automatically changes the valves over from the heat exchanger to the glycol-buffer tank.

12 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

As the 30°C glycol enters the buffer tank, increasing the tank temperature, the chiller is called on to cool the glycol to 6°C or below before cycling-off. Once the batch reaches the set temperature, the production glycol pump shuts down and the chiller cooling call is cancelled. n

EFFICIENT OPERATION The combination of an ammonia chiller and dry cooler at Sylvan Australia’s production facility has shown to be significantly cheaper to operate than the existing, aging system – as well as alternative systems utilising R134a. According to Wilson, the installed system is 90 per cent cheaper to run compared to an air-cooled R134a system. Even when compared to a water-cooled R134a system, the annual operating cost of the selected ammonia system is 39 per cent lower. As well as delivering significant operational savings, the innovative system design has also reduced the production-cycle time in Sylvan Australia’s process. So, next time you grab a handful of mushrooms at your local supermarket or fruiterer, know that HVAC&R has played a role from the earliest stages of their cultivation.

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September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 13

➲ Green wedge

OZONE ON THE MEND Almost 30 years after the global ban on CFCs, scientists believe that the hole in the Earth’s ozone layer is finally “shrinking”. Enacted in 1989, the steps agreed upon by the Montreal Protocol are beginning to pay dividends as an international team of scientists are reporting the "first fingerprints of healing" of the ozone layer over the Antarctic. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs), the chemical compounds in fridges, aerosols, and dry cleaning products, had been boring a hole in the Earth's ozone layer over the polar regions. With the Montreal Protocol

providing the global framework for the ban on the use of CFCs, the initiative has been further justified as the ozone damage not only been halted, but is now on the repair. A team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) monitored the opening of the Antarctic ozone hole across 15 years, from 2000 to 2015. The team found that the hole has shrunk approximately 4,000,000km² since 2000, the year when ozone depletion peaked.

Taking into account weather patterns like temperature and wind that can move the ozone hole around, the team concluded that more than half of the hole's shrinkage was a direct result of lower levels of atmospheric CFC-induced chlorine. "We can now be confident that the things we've done have put the planet on a path to heal," says co-author of the study and MIT professor Susan Solomon. "Which is pretty good for us, isn't it? Aren't we amazing humans, that we did something that created a situation that we decided collectively, as a world, 'Let's get rid of these molecules'? We got rid of them, and now we're seeing the planet respond." The research did throw up one curveball, however. In 2015, the hole ballooned in contrast with the trend of declining atmospheric chlorine. It was eventually concluded that Chile's Calbuco volcano was in fact the cause. Spewing ash clouds into the air and delaying many international flights, the eruption increased the amount of small particles in the air. This compounded the stratospheric clouds over the polar regions, resulting in the chlorine chemistry that causes the ozone to erode. Aside from this anomaly, the researchers expect the hole to close up for good by mid-century – provided other unexpected volcanic eruptions don’t get in the way.

Scientists see the light in the fight against ozone depletion.

"Science was helpful in showing the path, diplomats and countries and industry were incredibly able in charting a pathway out of these molecules,” says Soloman. “And now, we've actually seen the planet starting to get better. It's a wonderful thing." The research was published in the journal Science. n

14 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

HVAC&R

DEVELOPING A GAS MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING PLAN

MODULE

Skills Workshop PROUDLY SPONSORED BY

PART TWO

PULLOUT

Gas is an important energy source and significant cost for many organisations throughout Australia. The diversity of uses and equipment involved can make gas consumption difficult and expensive to measure and monitor. However, by having a clear set of goals and understanding gas use, you can develop a targeted and cost-effective plan to manage it. In part two of this series, Skills Workshop will continue to delve into the methodologies to prepare and implement a gas measurement and monitoring plan. DEVELOPING A GAS MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING PLAN Step 4

Specify and select suitable meters and their communication system

– nature of the fluid: liquid, gaseous or a mixture – flow, temperature, pressure range (depending on which parameter is to be measured) – other characteristics such as cleanliness of the fluid, potential for corrosion and conductivity? n Communication system which will be associated with the new meter:

• Will the meter be connected to the existing SCADA system?

• If yes, what is the preferred communication technology (e.g. Wi-Fi, ethernet cable)?

Specify meter requirements As a minimum, consider the following three aspects when formulating specifications for any new permanent meter: n Purpose of the new meter:

• What parameter will be measured (flow, temperature, gas composition, pressure)?

• How will data from the flowmeter be used – for process control, safety checks, billing purposes or as a source of basic information (this indicates what accuracy and repeatability may be required of the meter)?

As part of your gas measurement and monitoring plan, identify the existing meters that would benefit from verification, calibration or replacement, or that could be removed. Suppliers are a good source of guidance on questions to ask during the specification stage.

Select the meters

n Environment in which the new meter will be placed:

The selection of the most suitable metering devices can be an iterative process with the different suppliers. Selection decisions should be based on:

• Where will it be located (e.g. base of building, indoor/outdoor, chemical use area)?

•

the technologies available for your application

• What size and type of pipe will be required (if a flowmeter)?

•

your specification

•

ease of installation and maintenance

• What are the characteristics of the fluid to be measured:

•

life-cycle costs

•

budget allowance.

If the meters are going to come into contact with hazardous fluids or will be installed in a hazardous area, request confirmation from the supplier that the meters meet these requirements.

Measuring flow and converting to energy Unlike measuring temperature and pressure, measuring the flow of a fluid is more technically complex and costly, and therefore is less common. However, it is essential for monitoring energy use. In many thermal applications, measuring total energy supply to a process or area requires several pieces of data: typically flow (kg/s), supply temperature, return/outlet temperature pressure, and the specific heat capacity of the fluid (kJ/kg.K). Each situation is unique and it is difficult to generalise, so engineers should be consulted on the specific process conditions that should be monitored to evaluate energy flows. Converting utility gas flowmeter data to energy is relatively straightforward if you have volume data corrected for temperatures and pressures. The gas volume can be multiplied by an industry average calorific value to equate to energy in GJ. A more accurate calculation would be to multiply the corrected gas volumes by the calorific values published specifically for your part of the gas network. Section 2.3 (See HVAC&R Nation, August 2016) explains how to directly connect to your gas utility meter. The important message here is that if you get the right process data, the energy flow calculation can be completed in the PLC, SCADA or BMS system.

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 15

➲ HVAC&R Skills Worskhop Step 5

Table 2: Budget considerations for a meter installation

Develop a budget and implementation plan

Costs

• Purchase of the meters and associated equipment

Budget considerations

• Work needed to physically install the meter and its associated components into the system, e.g. additional flanges, modification to pipework, power supply for the meter, hazardous area protection

Consider all aspects of meter installation and how the data will be captured and used. Table 2 summarises associated areas of cost beyond the cost of the meters themselves.

Installation considerations

Implementation plan Procedures – What procedures need to be followed in this installation? Are all subcontractors inducted and permitted on the site?

•

Schedule – Can the meters be installed during a weekend, in a way that minimises disruption to production or office activities? Will this incur penalty rates for installers?

•

Communication – Will there be disruptions to services? Who needs to know?

•

Fine-tuning and validation – After the initial commissioning, how will results be tested to ensure they are realistic?

•

Reporting and alerts – What procedures will be put in place for energy monitoring, responses to alerts and reporting?

•

Safety – How will the installation be completed safely?

•

• Costs related to its later removal, if the meter is installed on a temporary basis

Maintenance and recalibration during the life of the meters

Training – Which personnel will be trained in the operation and maintenance of the new meters and data management system?

Mapping out all the tasks required in the project, and understanding the links between them (e.g. installation can only occur after the parts have been delivered) helps to develop a realistic schedule. A Gantt chart is one way to visualise how tasks link together and probable timeframes for final delivery of the project. For industrial applications, the single biggest impact on the delivery schedule is likely to be the need to organise an installation of flowmeters around production.

Setting responsibilities and procedures Management and responsibility assignments must be developed alongside metering to realise the full potential of data analysis and energy monitoring. Too often industries implement good metering and data collection but nobody is made responsible for monitoring the data and taking action if required.

Thinking about safety Be aware of any safety requirements related to the installation of meters and associated instrumentation. Intrinsically safe electrical designs are required for electrical equipment in areas around utility gas meters.

• Maintenance (cleaning, replacement of components or sensors) • Verification and possible recalibration • The preferred data acquisition system – existing or new

Data collection and storage

Commissioning – Are new control settings required? How long will commissioning take?

•

• Disruptions to production and planning related to the meter installation • Integration to data-recording systems (data cabling, computers, software licences)

The implementation plan must take into account: •

Description

• Storing the data • Making data available for different analysis or reporting systems

Data analysis and reporting

• Procedures and systems to interpret and use the data acquired from the gas measurement and monitoring program

Training

• Training is often marginalised, under-funded or, at worst, forgotten. Unless operational managers and plant staff receive adequate training on new techniques and equipment, the data won’t be used and many of the projected savings will not be realised

When installing flowmeters and associated electrical equipment in your plant or building think about: •

explosive zones – the installation of, and connection to flowmeters in some industrial plants could require design and installation of intrinsically safe equipment

•

use of personal protective equipment (PPE)

•

working at heights

•

presence of chemicals

•

fire and explosion risks

•

working in confined spaces

•

equipment isolation procedures

• approvals •

electrical safety.

Write a business case Having a sound gas measurement and monitoring plan is no guarantee that it will be implemented. One of the most challenging steps is to convince others of the need for change. An effectively written business case is a vital part of the process. If you have worked through this guide, you should have all the information you need to write an effective business case that sets out the costs, benefits and risks of a gas measurement and monitoring program. You can use your organisation’s business case format. The gas measurement and monitoring plan can be included as an attachment. When preparing the internal business case think about:

SafeWork NSW10 has a wide range of tools and resources to help small and large businesses manage work health and safety.

•

who in the organisation is going to approve the gas measurement and monitoring plan (stakeholders)

WHAT TO DO NEXT

•

who will benefit from its implementation (allies)

Write a gas measurement and monitoring plan

•

what reporting will be required (exception-based or continuous alarming when parameters drift out of pre-set boundaries) and who will have responsibility for monitoring

•

who will take action if energy use is higher than expected

•

whether your gas measurement and monitoring plan is sufficiently robust and is based on evidence from your initial investigations.

The task of gas measurement, monitoring and analysis is never finished. Think of it as a journey rather than a destination. There are always other things that could be metered, additional data to analyse or maintenance to be done. This guide (Part one and Part two) has provided five steps to help you get started on writing your gas measurement and monitoring plan. Using this guide will be the first step to start the journey.

16 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

HVAC&R Skills Worskhop BENEFITS OF GAS MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING

To motivate people to change, consider making your case by: •

creating dissatisfaction with the current situation by quantifying the potential energy waste in $/annum, or total cumulative cost over the next five to 10 years

•

creating vision by setting goals and potential benefits that are easy to visualise and quantify – a gas measurement and monitoring plan is a long-term project with short-term and long-term benefits, and stakeholders will have different views on their importance

•

articulating the steps to achieve what you want.

Gas measurement and monitoring brings a range of benefits for site personnel. Potential benefits

Management and finance

Operations and maintenance

Supports decision-making and budgeting processes • Data highlights variations in energy use and provides guidance on remedial action.



• Data can be used to set energy cost budgets. Allocates energy costs to cost-centres • Knowing energy consumed by different end-users allows better allocation of costs (e.g. to tenants or departments in a commercial building, or product types in a factory).



Contact OEH

Helps to optimise gas consumption based on your tariffs • When you understand gas tariffs and how gas is used on your site, costs may be managed by shifting some gas usage to periods with cheaper tariffs or smoothing out energy demand to make it more consistent throughout the day.



The NSW Office of Environment and Heritage provides support through periodic funding programs, and pre-qualified contractors to assist in the implementation of gas measuring and monitoring systems. For more information, please contact the Markets and Finance team on 1300 361 967. n

Helps to prioritise opportunities and control energy use

PULLOUT

• Knowing how gas is used on your site helps to identify your main gas energy consumers and to prioritise actions to control energy consumption and carbon emissions.



Tracks performance against energy performance targets • KPIs can be developed at a granular level across a site, making possible the tracking of energy performance over time. Provides better control of processes and systems



• Accurate metering of energy flows can improve control of many industrial processes or building systems. Detects poor performance early • Metering can help identify faults quickly, such as equipment left operating unnecessarily, or processes that are operating outside of the normal range. • Long-term monitoring identifies slow increases in energy consumption, such as those related to leaks, and speeds up repair processes. It also helps with maintenance planning.



• Operators or maintenance personnel can use alerts via email or SMS to take immediate action when energy consumption exceeds pre-set thresholds.

MORE INFORMATION

Measures performance of new equipment and processes • Good data allows the comparison between actual performance of an upgrade project with the forecast performance.



This month’s Skills Workshop was adapted from the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage’s Gas Measurement and Monitoring Guide.

Improves reporting for government programs • Government programs designed to reduce carbon emissions or support the implementation of energy conservation measures increasingly require project reporting based on measurement and verification of energy savings. Gas measurement and monitoring provides the data necessary for these reports.



Promotes competitive advantage • Your site operates in a competitive environment where profit margins are under pressure. Gas measurement and monitoring allows for fine-tuning and maintaining tight cost control in operations, leading to sustained competitive advantage.

PROUDLY SPONSORED BY



 For more information, visit www.environment.nsw.gov.au

Next month: HVAC&R pressure-control settings and valves September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 17

CAPACITY RANGE

16.0kW* - TO -

168kW

THE NEXT

GENERATION VRV IV SYSTEM

VRV IV IS DAIKIN’S ANSWER TO THE NEXT GENERATION OF VARIABLE REFRIGERANT VOLUME AIR CONDITIONING Daikin VRV IV Systems offer greater design flexibility, improved energy performance with Variable Refrigerant Temperature control, superior comfort and reliability of operations, and comes with a wide range of product offerings to meet the needs of the modern commercial building.

AVAILABLE IN HEAT PUMP, COOLING ONLY AND HEAT RECOVERY - Standard, High COP or Space Saving type available to suit design priority - Refrigerant cooled inverter PCB for greater operational reliability - Variable Refrigerant Temperature “VRT” feature for improved energy efficiency and comfort - Heat Recovery Link technology for precise and efficient capacity control (only applicable to heat recovery series)

*Heat Recovery series available from 22.4kW to 168kW, Space Saving type not available.

Visit commercial.daikin.com.au or call us on 1300 368 300

18 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

Fly Guy

GRAND SLAM SOUND A new Kickstarter campaign looks to serve up a cool new way to recycle old tennis balls.

Pretty ace! HearO speaker prototypes signed by Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic.

It is estimated that 230,000 tennis balls are used at the four tennis Grand Slam tournaments each year. With most of the balls getting the toss, a London-based design company has plans to reduce the waste by turning the used balls into portable wireless speakers.

The "HearO" speakers use tennis balls collected from the All England Tennis Club at Wimbledon. Rogue Projects says it is in talks with each of the four major tennis tournaments – Wimbledon, the US Open, the French Open, and Australian Open – to collect used balls from their respective suppliers.

Rogue Projects’ vision of creating highly portable wireless speakers from used tennis balls is in play, with a Kickstarter campaign already hitting winners.

The balls house a 3W Bluetooth 4.0 speaker, inserted through a hole cut out of the top, with a protective plastic grill in a Fibonacci spiral, which

aims to optimise sound projection. A charging cradle is available with a 360-degree magnetic connection. The company says a full charge will last up to five hours (or two to three hours at full volume). The ball's interior rubber helps absorb excess vibration and improves sound clarity, while acting as a protective skin for the speaker at the same time. A button on the bottom of the speaker ball pairs it wirelessly with a Bluetooth-enabled smartphone, tablet, or computer. Kickstarter pledge levels for a single tennis ball speaker start at US$60 (AU$80). There's also a limited pledge level of a customised speaker ball signed by Aussie 1987 Wimbledon champion Pat Cash, which costs US$200 (AU$265). Besides standard fluorescent yellow, the speakers come in six other colours. Delivery is estimated to take place in November. For more information, www.hearospeaker.com n

Now Available in Australia!

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www.restorationexpress.com.au 1.800.638.639 September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 19

➲ Cover feature

PACIFIC PERSPECTIVE

Michael Moller (back) training and assessing his RAC students on the job in the Solomon Islands.

Beginning a s an appren tice in Newc love for the astle, Michae open water l Moller’s le d h im across the S he has help o ed local trad uth Pacific, w esmen form here and air cond a lise their refr itioning qua ig eration lifications. In of articles lo another in o oking at HVA ur series C&R in daily his journey, li fe , Moller share and explains s h o w A ustralia is he its counterp lp ing arts in the P acific Island nations.

Many students not only finished the Certificate III course but completed extremely complex programming exercises on the PLCs, demonstrating the highest level of competence in the trade area.

I began in the industry as an apprentice with BHP in Newcastle in 1980. After running a successful refrigeration and air conditioning business there for several years, I sold out, moved to the north coast and built a 12m traditional timber yacht. I then sailed and worked in the Pacific for a number of years – installing and commissioning refrigeration systems, industrial ice machines, and on-board marine chillers.

A friend suggested I apply for a position as a trainer for the newly established Australian Aid program, the Australia Pacific Technical College (APTC). It was a Howard government initiative designed to upskill Pacific Island technicians to the Australian Certificate III level. As I had been teaching the electrical Cert III qualification at Wollongbar TAFE for 12 months,

20 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

I had the required Cert IV training and assessment and RAC qualifications. So I applied and was successful. In 2009, I started the RAC program in Samoa for the APTC, designing a curriculum and delivery strategy to suit the Pacific context and ESL (English as a second language) learners.

Cover feature

Presentation of prizes for winners of Environment Week Skills Challenge in Samoa.

My students came from all 14 Pacific Island Forum countries. We had quite a diverse classroom! Students would travel to Samoa for three six-week fulltime training blocks, and then return home to work. In between the blocks, I would work alongside them in their workplaces, allowing for a contextualised training environment. I travelled to Tonga, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Fiji and Papua New Guinea (PNG) teaching students in their workplace on equipment that they were familiar with. This model was extremely successful. It gave trainers an insight into the students’ varied work environment, and it was an extremely successful educational model.

There are many excellent vocational educational schools in the Pacific that have certificate programs. Unfortunately, these qualifications are not recognised outside of their countries. The APTC allows students from both the formal and informal – those who have learnt on the job – sectors to bridge the gaps in their skills to attain the Australian Certificate III qualification. In this regard, Australia plays a vitally important role, as increased skills and education is leading to further autonomy for Pacific Islanders. For example, fisheries projects funded by the European Union have stipulated that installation must be completed by technicians with recognised qualifications. This would normally mean local businesses were not able to tender for the work. During my time with APTC, I had several students from Tonga graduate – enabling them to tender for and win contracts from the EU, where previously this work was outsourced from Australia or New Zealand.

Unfortunately, the APTC has discontinued their RAC program, leaving an important training and educational gap in the Pacific.

Pacific Island students are possibly the best students in the world! My students were always engaged and interesting in the training. They always arrived at the classroom before me and wanted to stay back in the afternoons. Many formed study groups on the weekends, and I would get phone calls on Sunday asking about something we had covered the previous week that they were discussing. As they were always hungry for knowledge, I introduced “elective” units of study when we had time – on topics like PLCs and advanced wiring circuits. Every student, without fail, wanted to attend and complete these units. Many students not only finished the Certificate III course but completed extremely complex programming exercises on the PLCs, demonstrating the highest level of competence in the trade area.

Of the 14 Pacific Island nations, only four have RAC vocational education and training (VET) schools: PNG, Samoa, Fiji and the Federated States of Micronesia. Other countries mostly train their technicians informally on the job. Unfortunately, curriculum and resources in existing schools are outdated and not reflective of industry trends. It will become increasingly important to update the resources with the decision to phase-out HCFC and move towards low-GWP options in the future.

Student numbers are decreasing due to a perception of low status of service personnel. This is reflected in their remuneration. For example, a technician in Fiji earns around FJ$6 to $8 per hour (AUD$4 to $5) – not a great incentive to enter the profession!

Fiji and PNG have apprenticeship schemes; however, they are becoming less prevalent due to module-based programs designed for students who are not employed. These have become the more popular option.

A technician in Fiji earns around FJ$6–8 per hour (Au$4–5) – not a great incentive to enter the profession!

Most professional development occurs in the workplace. Many larger companies conduct their own in-house training, which in some cases is extremely advanced. One company in Fiji, with over 200 employees, develops its own BMS software for installations. It also has its own training classrooms and brings in trainers from Japan for training on specific machines.

During my seven years in Samoa, I identified educational, skills and resource gaps that limited Pacific Island technicians from doing their jobs correctly. This led to increased emissions of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). With the help of the Samoan government, we organised industry and community awareness events, such as the Pacific Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Symposium in 2011. This was the first time technicians, government bodies, wholesalers, and multilateral funding organisations had been together to bring about change in the industry.

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 21

➲ Cover feature UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP) UNEP is the United Nations’ designated entity for addressing environmental issues at the global and regional level. Its mandate is to coordinate the development of environmental policy consensus by keeping the global environment under review, and bringing emerging issues to the attention of governments and the international community for action. www.unep.org

(UNEP) Multilateral Fund, plans are being implemented in developing countries to phase out HCFC.

Student Suvania from Tonga works on PLC.

As part of Samoa’s National Environment Week, we ran a Skills Challenge. It was a demonstration of RAC technicians, showcasing best practice in the industry. We had six teams of two technicians installing a split-system air conditioning unit on a free-standing frame. This was done against the clock. The crowd woke up in true Pacific Island fashion, with many government officials on their chairs. People were screaming. One technician cut his finger, spilling blood all over the fan coil unit, but didn’t stop – and he eventually won the event! The competition was a great success in bringing ODS issues and industry skills to the fore in national environmental discussions. Previously, the issue of

ozone was left in the background, as it is a difficult issue to explain and motivate government ministers to become involved in.

After Cyclone Evan devastated Samoa in 2014, I noticed many domestic refrigerators left in front yards. With the Samoan government and the local industry association, we conducted electrical checks of these refrigerators to see if they could be returned to service. If they could not, we offered to decommission and dispose of them. It helped hundreds of people and raised public awareness about recovering ODS.

Under the Montreal Protocol, and through the United Nations Environment Programme

Developing countries have extended phase-out schedules implemented by different multilateral agencies such as UNEP. I was asked by UNEP to design and deliver a regional education and training program for 12 Pacific Island nations on the phasing-out of HCFC. Most recently, I organised a technical summit in Fiji on behalf of the Australian government, which introduced low-GWP refrigerant technologies to the Pacific. The summit was important, as Pacific Island governments and industry are assessing the implications of moving towards different low-GWP options in the future. They’re also considering the impacts of existing technologies already in their countries.

The RAC industry is different across the Pacific. For example, the dominant fishing industry in the Solomon Islands is heavily reliant on HCFC R22. In contrast, Vanuatu has a vibrant tourism sector moving towards low-GWP HFC refrigerant technologies in the split-system air conditioning sector. Most countries have extensive land-based refrigeration and air conditioning systems for supermarkets and government buildings. Processing plants consist of multi-rack systems, as well as reciprocating and screw chillers using R22, R404 and R134a.

The first shipment of contaminated ODS is being organised from Samoa at the moment. A common challenge in the region is dealing with stockpiles of contaminated ODS, as the only destruction facility is in Australia. While Refrigerant Reclaim Australia has been instrumental in assisting Pacific Island countries in the destruction process, transporting the ODS back to Australia has proved difficult. There are considerable amounts of ODS in Papua New Guinea and Fiji, but they have no funding support.

Energy costs in Pacific Island countries are two to three times higher than in Australia.

APTC RAC program students – Ofiena (left) from Tonga and Patrick (right) from Papua New Guinea.

22 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

The industry has generally moved towards more energy-efficient technologies such as HFC inverters. However, there are still low-cost fixed-speed R22 machines being imported from China. Counterfeit refrigerants are also an issue due to a lack of resources in border controls.

Cover featureâ&#x20AC;&#x201A;

Australian representatives for the low-GWP technology summit in Fiji earlier this year.

MULTILATERAL FUND FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is managed by an Executive Committee with equal membership from developed and developing countries. The 2016 Committee membership includes Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Japan, Russian Federation, and the US (all developed countries). Developing country members include Argentina, Cameroon, China, Egypt, India, Jordan, and Mexico. The main objective of the Fund is to assist developing country parties to the Montreal

Protocol, whose annual level of consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODP) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons is less than 0.3kg per capita, to comply with the control measures of the Protocol. Currently, 147 of 197 parties to the Montreal Protocol meet these criteria. As of November 2015, contributions made to the Fund by some 45 countries totalled over US$3.44 billion (Au$4.5 billion). www.multilateralfund.org

One of the biggest challenges to phasing out HCFC is the cost. Having little or no import taxes on the refrigerant, it is relatively inexpensive, so there is no real incentive to change.

I am passionate about developing these refrigeration industry associations as a means for industry to have a say in the many policy and legislative changes occurring.

Pacific Island countries have ODS handling licenses in place, but there are no trade-based licensing schemes.

I have set up a regional network of technicians through a web-based platform. It has the capacity to link technicians into a regional association where they are able to support each other.

It means just about anyone can work in the industry. As we have learned in Australia, trade-based licensing schemes raise standards, reduce emissions, and provide professional recognition for the skills and education technicians have attained. RAC industries in Pacific Island countries are generally smaller and fragmented, and it makes the formation and running of associations difficult.

As we have learned in Australia, trade-based licensing schemes raise standards, reduce emissions, and provide professional recognition for the skills and education technicians have attained.

There is scope for Australian HVAC&R industry members to share their experience in many aspects of the industry. Traditionally, the Australian and New Zealand HVAC&R industry members have entered Pacific Island markets as expat technicians for installation and servicing contractors. In the process, they informally trained local technicians on specific equipment.

The decision to phase out HCFC/HFC and move towards low-GWP alternatives will pose many challenges to the RAC industry globally. Issues such as toxicity, flammability, and high pressures will require a higher degree of professionalism in the industry. Australia should support Pacific Island countries in the lessons learnt from our experiences.

It is an extremely interesting time to be involved in the HVAC&R industry, with many changes expected in the future, both here and abroad. Globally, there will be a need for education and training, policy development and legislation in developing countries. Multilateral agencies such as the UNEP (United Nation Environment Programme), who are involved in development work, often advertise for professionals in the field. However, most require Masters-level qualifications for consultants. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s still worth checking out!â&#x20AC;&#x201A; n

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 23

➲ Around the nation 2

BEIJER’S BEST

Beijer Ref Australia recently hosted its 2016 Ultra Refrigeration Employee of the Year Award at its Beijer Ref Campbelltown location. Congratulations to “Fix It” Frank Sciamanna who took out the award this year along with a $1000 prize. Special mention goes out to Daniel Hissen for taking out the runners-up prize along with a set of Testo digital gauges. n

GEOTHERMAL ACTION AT GATTON

A newly installed system at Gatton Library on the University of Queensland’s Gatton campus uses a ground-source heat pump (GSHP) to provide cooling. Similar to a standard air conditioning system, the GSHP uses a vapour compression cycle to transfer heat. However, instead of the heat being transferred into the outside air, it is moved underground where temperatures are constant throughout the year. In Brisbane, the underground temperature sits at about 23C˚ all year-round. The GSHP is set up to measure operational data using an extensive ground-temperature monitoring system, with data on display at the Gatton Library and online. Dr Aleks Atrens from the School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering says the system has provided 51mW hours of cooling since January, the equivalent of cooling an average Brisbane house for approximately three-and-a-half years. However, the team need a full year of data in order to conduct a comparative analysis between the GSHP and conventional cooling systems.

Researchers from the UQ Geothermal Energy Centre of Excellence also claim that the GSHP technology is less obtrusive than conventional systems, only requiring small holes in the ground for heat exchange. There are two different designs of the GSHP unit operating at Gatton Library, allowing researchers to determine the most effective design. n

VIEGA CELEBRATES 10 YEARS

Press-fit company Viega recently celebrated 10 years in the Australian market. “Viega was the pioneer of copper press-fit technology and we were the first to market in Australia,” says technical manager Robert Hardgrove. “Since launching in 2006, Viega has established a steadfast reputation for quality, innovation, efficiency and costeffectiveness. While we had humble beginnings as plumbers and contractors learned about the many benefits of our products, their use increased rapidly.” While introduced to Australia in 2006, it was first mooted for use in 2003, when the impending threat of plastic systems led the national sales manager of Crane Copper Tube (CCT) to look for other methods of joining copper tube instead of brazing. Since then, Viega has contributed to a number of huge Australian projects, including the Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne and International Towers Sydney at Barangaroo. n

100K DAMAGE BILL AT WOOLIES

A large section of the air conditioning at a shopping centre in Victoria fell into the Woolworths store below, causing more than $100,000 damage.

24 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

The half-a-tonne return air conditioner duct at the Mornington Village shopping centre broke free from its mounting in the ceiling space and crashed onto checkout points underneath. The incident occurred during closing hours and there were no casualties. It is speculated that a blade in the fan dislodged and unbalanced the unit. The resulting vibration sent the unit crashing to the floor. “It could have been horrendous,” says Mornington fire brigade’s incident controller Gary Bryant. “If the equipment had fallen during a busy shopping spree – the what-ifs are mind-boggling.” Electricians, plumbers, air conditioning technicians, centre management, Woolworth’s management, WorkSafe inspectors, structural engineers and shire building surveyors were also called to the scene to assist and manage the repairs. n

AMCA CALLS FOR REFORM

The Air Conditioning and Mechanical Contractors Association (AMCA) has detailed a 26-page policy document, which calls for the appointment of a dedicated federal Minister for Building and Construction. AMCA’s policy documents was curated in order to encourage a holistic approach to the industry. Executive director Sumit Oberoi says the highly skilled workforce that makes up the industry fail to get the recognition they deserve. “Although often overshadowed, the lifeblood of the industry is undeniably the thousands of specialist subcontractors that perform the vast majority of construction work, and employ most of its workers,” says Oberoi. “But unfortunately, subcontractors face

Around the nation 5

an unacceptably high risk of insolvency, which is why there is such a compelling case for reform.”

and a 39-year-old roofer suffering a broken pelvis and internal injuries from a similar incident.

understand and deliver upon the changing needs of our customers.”

The AMCA's Policy Platform 2016 identifies five priorities. These are: Rethinking models of procurement and fairer contracts; unlocking the innovative potential of building information modelling; empowering the built environment to deliver net-zero emitting buildings; a more dynamic VET system with industry at its centre; and safer, healthier and more productive workplaces. n

Executive director of SafeWork NSW Peter Dunphy believes most incidents occurred due to incorrect or inappropriate use and that, where possible, other safer alternatives should be used.

The national conference concluded with a dinner and evening of entertainment, where internal business success was acknowledged and rewarded.

LICENCE UPDATES FROM THE ARC

The new licence cards to be issued by the Australian Refrigeration Council (ARC) will feature the words “Restrictions Apply” in bold, red lettering (as pictured above). The new look aims to ensure consumers and licence holders have a clearer understanding of what services the licence holder can provide. “By highlighting the words ‘Restrictions Apply’ in red text on a Restricted ARC licence card, we are really making the consumer and the licence holder conscious of what the licence holder can and cannot do,” says ARC CEO Glenn Evans. “For restricted licence holders, the licence cards have always displayed the ‘Restrictions Apply’ warning, as well as listing the dos and don’ts of the licence type.” n

CLIMBING CONCERNS

SafeWork NSW has issued a reminder to work safely with ladders, after a worker was killed and four were seriously injured in falls in recent months. A 58-year-old electrical contractor suffered fatal head injuries when he fell three metres from a ladder in June. Other incidents involved a 38-year-old form worker suffering a fractured skull when he fell two metres from a ladder at a construction site,

“Ladders are used in workplaces throughout NSW but they need to be used safely to prevent the risk of serious injury,” says Dunphy. “This is highlighted by the fact that between July 2011 and 31 May 2016, 3,168 workers were injured in falls from ladders, including two fatalities at a total cost of $54.5 million to the NSW workers compensation system. Ladders should only be used for simple access or short periods and businesses must have safety measures in place.” To help businesses work safely with ladders, SafeWork NSW has produced a safety video that can be viewed online. It contains provides practical tips that can be easily implemented in the workplace To view the video, go to www.workcover.nsw.gov.au n

FUJITSU THINKS FORWARD

The 19th annual Fujitsu General national conference was recently held on Fraser Island, Queensland. The annual event acknowledges the company’s progress and focuses on key business objectives for the year ahead. Fujitsu General is an AIRAH company member. According to a company press release, Fujitsu General has achieved 36 per cent share value in retail – the highest share in 10 years. “The success Fujitsu General enjoys today is largely attributed to years of hard work, and the loyal support and dedication of our entire team,” says deputy managing director Philip Perham. “The industry continues to shift, and the only way to maintain our position is to ensure our people

Those recognised for their efforts throughout the year were Jayne Feben (Culture and Values Champion), Darrin Ede (Business Development Manager of the Year – Dealer), Jarryd Collins (Business Development Manager of the Year – Commercial), Deon Powter (Business Development Manager of the Year – Retail), and Alex Turner (State Manager of the Year). n

VICTORIANS ARE AUSTRALIA’S “CHEAPEST”

Renovating prices have dropped 2.2 per cent across Victoria, making them the cheapest labourers in the country. The average cost for a tradie across 10 industry sectors in Victoria is $57.28, 7.1 per cent less than the national average of $61.65. Plumbers in WA charge 19.3 per cent more (or $18.24 an hour) than their Victorian counterparts. The only trades charging more in Victoria compared to the national average were tilers ($50.86, up 13.2 per cent) and concreters ($69.50 up 6.1 per cent). Undertaking the research, Serviceseeking.com. au derived the prices by comparing 52,000 quotes submitted through the online services marketplace during the FY16 Q4. “Victoria is the state to get stuck into home renovations,” says ServiceSeeking.com.au’s CEO Jeremy Levitt. “It might be the cheapest place to find a tradie, but it is the fastest growing state with the hottest property market right now. Utilising such low trade prices to renovate and sell in a hot market could be a smart move for many astute owners and investors.” n

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 25

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26 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

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Air Solutions September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 27

➲ Smoko with . . .

Name: Jackson Earl Company : ADL ser vices refrigeration tech rentice air conditioning and Occupation: Third-year app I’m lucky enough industry do you work in? breakdowns, What par t of the HVAC &R ns, atio ng and refrigeration install to work with air conditioni and maintenance. &R industry? ut working in the HVAC What’s the bes t thing abo nt location. There’s always something ere Most days you work at a diff different. years. d in the industry? Three How long have you worke ry day Impact drill, as I use it eve Favourite tool? My Makita ier! and it makes life so much eas do you think HVAC &R industry, what If you didn’t work in the chanic or working me ike torb mo probably be a you would be doing? I'd in a bike shop. tion of HVAC &R Nation? What’s your favourite sec Lighter Side. the – The stuff-ups at the end loo ute py cammed V8 Holden Ma Dream car? A really lum or a sick Harley Davidson. bie. Dream date? Margot Rob r trip back to California to ride Dream holiday? Anothe and race motocross.

28 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

e ale Squire One Fift y Lashes pal Drink of choice? James or Canadian Club & Dry. ky Music” by Wild Cherry. listen to? “Play That Fun What song did you las t

? “She'll be right.” Favourite quote or saying fruit icing. Vanilla slice with passion Favourite smoko snack? Chad Reed. s racers Cooper Webb and Sporting hero? Motocros d Reed, without a doubt. rts star of all time? Cha Australia’s greatest spo

AIRAH and industry classifieds Geelong Trade Night

EVENTS Newcastle Trade Night AIRAH Trade Nights are a great opportunity to broaden your networks and see the HVAC&R industry's latest innovations. Date: Thursday, September 1 Time: 4.00pm to 7.00pm Venue: Wests City Club, Cnr King St and Union Streets, Newcastle West

The Future of HVAC 2016 Conference Join AIRAH as we gaze into our industry's future, and contemplate the challenges, technology and bright new ideas that await. Date: Wednesday, September 7 Venue: Room Three Sixty, Level 10, Y Block Science and Engineering Centre, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Gardens Point campus, Brisbane Cost: Please refer to www.airah.org.au/ TheFutureofHVAC

President’s Dinner – Tas The AIRAH Tasmanian President and committee invite you to join them for the 2016 AIRAH Tasmania President’s Dinner. Date: Thursday, September 8 Time: 6.30pm to 9.30pm Venue: Hadley’s Orient Hotel Cost: $65 for members, $90 for non-members.

AIRAH Trade Nights are a great opportunity to broaden your networks and see the HVAC&R industry's latest innovations. Date: Thursday, September 15 Time: 4.00pm to 7.00pm Venue: The Sphinx Hotel, 2 Thompson Rd, North Geelong.

Canberra Trade Night AIRAH Trade Nights are a great opportunity to broaden your networks and see the HVAC&R industry's latest innovations. Date: Thursday, September 22 Time: 4.00pm to 7.00pm Venue: Canberra Rex Hotel, 150 Northbourne Ave, Braddon.

Vic Golf Day Join AIRAH for an enjoyable day on the green at the Kew Golf Club on October 7. Date: Friday, October 7 Time: Registration at 12 noon, with briefing and commencement at 12.30pm Venue: The Kew Golf Club, 120 Belford Road, East Kew, Victoria

Mechanical Service Compliance – WA

TRAINING Smoke Control and Fire Dampers – NSW Smoke Control and Fire Dampers is a one-day course outlining how AS/NZS 1668.1 applies the principles of smoke control in multi-compartment buildings Date: Tuesday, September 6 Venue: Novotel Sydney Central, Haymarket Cost: Members $700, non-members $900.

Join AIRAH's WA division for a seminar on mechanical service compliance presented by Milestone Certifiers Director David Cooley and Olsen Environment Director Derek Olsen, M.AIRAH. Date: Wednesday, September 21 Time: 4pm registration for a prompt 4.15pm start, followed by light refreshments Venue: State Library of WA Cost: Free for members, $55 for non-members.

Smoke Control and Fire Dampers – Qld

Smoke Control and Fire Dampers is a one-day course outlining how AS/NZS 1668.1 applies the principles of smoke control in multi-compartment buildings. Date: Tuesday, September 13 Venue: Next Hotel Brisbane, 72 Queen Street Cost: Members $700, non-members $900.

Free Classified Ads

Ammonia Emergency Response – Qld AIRAH provides dedicated industrial ammonia refrigeration training that has been researched and developed by industry users to meet the specific needs of staff working in and around ammonia plants. Date: Thursday, September 1 Venue: TAFE SkillsTech, Acacia Ridge Cost: Members $800, non-members $900.

Whether you are looking, selling, trading or tendering – HVAC&R Nation classifieds is the best way to spread the word! HVAC&R Nation is offering a free industry classified service! Send in your submissions, text only – no images or logos. Send your submissions to: boon@airah.org.au or c/o AIRAH, Level 3, 1 Elizabeth St, Melbourne Vic 3000.

Where’s the AIRAH Trade Night?

September 1

Newcastle

NSW

October 13

Bendigo

VIC

September 15

Geelong

VIC

October 27

Adelaide

September 22

Canberra

ACT

Free entry – Doors open at 4pm • Exhibitors with the latest HVAC&R products and innovations. Drinks, food and more.

➲ The Lighter Side 1 WINNER

4 3

WAYNE’S PAIN Bringing a whole new meaning to “putting a lid on it”, Wayne from NSW spotted this on a recent job at an office space. The bin lid was providing a shonky band-aid for a leaky air-handling unit, but you got to give them credit for draining the leakage away and fastening the lid with builders strapping! n

COLD-BLOODED CULPRIT Not often you find the cause of the problem is scaly and six-feet long. Thomas from Qld opened up this unit to find a carpet python had pulled the reversing-valve wires out. n

WEED WOES Forced to play gardener instead of AC technician at a recent job, we think Eugene from Qld did a pretty good job. n

RUSTED NOT BUSTED Ryan from SA says this unit copping the sea breezes on the Fleurieu Peninsula was miraculously still working. n

CORD CHAOS When the quality of installation is just as untidy as the graffiti that surrounds it. Spotted by Stephen from WA. n

HAVE YOU COME ACROSS SOMETHING SCARY, UGLY OR JUST PLAIN FUNNY? If your entry is deemed the monthly winner, a bottle of Jim Beam bourbon 750ml will be on its way to your door. Please include a postal address with your entry. Entrants must be aged 18 years or over. Send your submissions to editor, Boon Mark Souphanh boon@airah.org.au

30 | HVAC&R Nation | www.hvacrnation.com.au | September 2016

Time is ticking.

Are you ready for the HFC phasedown?

HFCs are being phased down and Australia has committed to an emission reduction target to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by 2030. BOC can help you prepare for this phasedown. We have the latest HFC alternative refrigerants on offer including the HFO refrigerant blends such as R1234yf. HFO R1234yf is the most common R134a replacement gas of choice in mobile air conditioning systems. With a GWP of less than 1, it provides substantially lower direct greenhouse gas emissions than R134a systems. Now that the global phaseout of HCFCs has begun, this impacts the availability and pricing of ozone-depleting substances such as R22. BOC can supply R427A and R407F as ideal retrofit solutions for many existing R22 systems. BOC Limited Riverside Corporate Park, 10 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, NSW 2113 Australia ABN: 95 000 029 729 | boc.com.au | 1300 133 286 | BOC AU11678 BOC is a trading name of BOC Limited, a Member of The Linde Group. © BOC Limited 2016. ML|ECOLIBRIUM|0816 /bocsouthpacific

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In addition we offer: → A wide range of fluorocarbon and natural refrigerants such as R717 and R744 → Flexible packaging and supply options – cylinders, drums and bulk vessels → Technical advice on gases, legislation and environmental compliance → Refrigerant reclaim and recovery services Contact BOC today about HFC replacement options. To find out more, visit your local Gas & Gear®, go to boc.com.au or call 1300 133 286.

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Download our Gas Re-order & My Account app today for easy gas re-ordering! boc.com.au/iphone boc.com.au/android

A Member of The Linde Group

September 2016 | www.hvacrnation.com.au | HVAC&R Nation | 31

ROYAL INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTRE BOWEN HILLS Brisbane, Australia

Tuesday 13th September 2016

12.00pm - 8.00pm

PRODUCT DISPLAYS DEMOS & PRESENTATIONS GIVEAWAYS AMPLE PARKING

All this and more ...