AI R
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RCE MUSE FO
FOUNDATION, INC.
Spring 2018
Vol. 41 No.1
The Magazine of the Air Force Museum Foundation, Inc. • afmuseum.com
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From the Executive Director For I loved the life I lived, and lived the life I loved. Always in an airplane, far far above. These two lines, shared from a poem by Mr. Laurel Prince, a Foundation family member, have been on my mind of late. It started this past holiday season when I walked downstairs early one morning to unexpectedly encounter a young man sleeping on my family room couch. This was not just any young man; this was a man who I had watched grow up from a boy. He had spent so much time in my house over the years I felt like he was part of my family. His dad, Rick, a USAF test pilot, had lost his battle with cancer many years prior. In fact I can still see his dad and the boys (there were four sons) playing ball in the street — laughing and having a great time. Rick was one of those guys who never seemed to get rattled. I asked him if he was ever scared while flying. He said “Once, in a C-130, we flew into a thunderstorm, whose intensity was unexpected. After trying to work our way through the storm, we realized it was not going to get any better, so we reversed course and went out the way we came in. Wasn’t sure we were going to make it, but you trust your training, and execute.” That was Rick. Fast forward to March 14, 2018, when 258 Foundation family members braved the late winter elements to attend a Members-only event and got a first peek of the restored Memphis BelleTM as she rolled across the taxiway from the restoration hangar to her permanent home in the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force. She did not disappoint, shining resplendently in the early evening sun. On the way home from the event, I recalled the many stories shared of fathers, brothers, uncles, cousins, and friends who had served in the Army Air Forces… supporting our strategic bombing campaign over Europe. Many who flew in B-17s over Europe did not return. And yet, the personal stories were so vibrant...as if those young men, seasoned with the passage of time, were sitting right next to me.
THE AIR FORCE MUSEUM FOUNDATION, INC. BOARD OF TRUSTEES Mr. Philip L. Soucy - Chairman Col Susan E. Richardson, USAF (Ret) - President Dr. Pamela A. Drew - Vice President Lt Gen C.D. Moore II, USAF (Ret) - Secretary Mr. Robert J. Suttman II, CFA - Treasurer Mr. John G. Brauneis Col Mark N. Brown, USAF (Ret) Dr. Thomas J. Burns, PhD Brig Gen Paul R. Cooper, USAF (Ret) Mr. Timothy O. Cornell, CIMA Mr. Roger D. Duke Ms. Frances A. Duntz Ms. Anita Emoff Mr. David C. Evans Col Frederick D. Gregory Sr., USAF (Ret) Mr. Benjamin T. Guthrie Maj Gen E. Ann Harrell, USAF (Ret) Mr. James L. Jennings Dr. Thomas J. Lasley II CMSAF Gerald R. Murray, USAF (Ret) Gen Gary L. North, USAF (Ret) Gen Charles T. Robertson Jr., USAF (Ret) Maj Gen Frederick F. Roggero, USAF (Ret) Maj Gen Darryl A. Scott, USAF (Ret) Mr. Scott J. Seymour Mr. Erik D. Smith Mr. Harry W. (Wes) Stowers Jr.
EMERITUS BOARD MEMBERS Maj Gen Charles S. Cooper III, USAF (Ret) Mr. James F. Dicke II Mr. Charles J. Faruki Col William S. Harrell, USAF (Ret) Mr. Jon G. Hazelton Mr. Charles F. Kettering III Mr. Patrick L. McGohan Lt Gen Richard V. Reynolds, USAF (Ret) Mr. R. Daniel Sadlier Col James B. Schepley, USAF (Ret)
Those thoughts then reminded me of Rick and his sons; living the lives they love, loving the lives they live, and creating their own stories as he had. And the Memphis Belle will, on May 17, 2018, be ready and waiting to tell her story and those of the men who flew in planes like her, to inspire the millions who will visit the Museum in the coming years. But stories are simply whispers in the wind without anyone to listen. So thank you. For without your continued support, those whispers carrying the stories of those who have come before would fall silent…and fail to pass along the love of lives lived…to take us places we can only dream of today.
Michael Imhoff
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Contents F E AT U R E S
COVER STORY
12
8
Col Robert Morgan at the NMUSAF in 1994
The Story of the Memphis Belle ™ In their own words — the boys of Memphis Belle
“If only one aircraft comes home today, let it be us.” 23
The Memphis Belle’s™ First Visit to the Birthplace of Aviation “This team has a glorious victory ahead.” 32
Tail End Charlie to Trung Quang “Barrages of SAMs were coming up from all directions.” 36
“The Plane’s Expendable, and So Are You” “I clearly heard the anti-aircraft shell explode.” 40
A Really Bad Weekend of Flying “We’re not gonna make it!” 43
Operation Deep Freeze “Pilot, this thing’s on fire!” 47
“My God, He Shot Himself!”
17
“Get the ambulance over there right away!”
The Memphis Belle ™ Saga: The Memphis Years
50
“With the outbreak of peace in 1945, the Army Air Force no longer wanted the aircraft.”
40 Years of the Friends Journal
D E PA R T M E N T S 28 6
7
Editor’s Notes
Friends Feedback
Classic Aircraft of the NMUSAF
54
Reunions
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EDITOR’s
NOTES
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cons are powerful things. Some symbolize places and things, while others can symbolize ideals and concepts that are greater than themselves. The Statue of Liberty is good example, a symbol not only of New York City but also of freedom.
The Memphis BelleTM is also an icon symbolizing many different things — an iconic heavy bomber and a symbol of the air war over Europe during World War II, she is also a symbol of not only the perseverance and courage of her crew, but of all the airmen who flew and fought in the skies over occupied Europe. Those qualities of perseverance and courage describe not only the Belle and her crew’s World War II service, but the plane’s entire existence as you will read in these pages. They are also qualities that describe the men and women who love the plane and what she stands for, and who worked hard over the years to honor her and finally to bring her to the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force™ (NMUSAF). With three stories in this issue of the Friends Journal we celebrate the Memphis BelleTM and all she stood for in the past, what she represents today and what she will inspire in the future. First we offer a reprint of former NMUSAF volunteer and Friends Journal contributor Nick Apple’s report on a speech Memphis BelleTM commander Col Robert Morgan, USAF (Ret) gave at the Museum in 1994. Next, Dayton historian Alex Heckman tells the story of the Belle’s visit to Dayton during her and her crew’s “26th Mission,” a historic 1943 War Bond Tour. Finally, English professional aviation writer Graham Simons wrote a story of the Belle’s years in Memphis for a presentation given at the Museum in 2013 by Memphis Belle Memorial Association members Dr. Harry Friedman, M.D., and Andrew Pouncey. This issue also includes the WWII story of a B-26 co-pilot shot down over occupied France. From the Cold War comes a humorous look at one junior officer’s attempt to inject some realism into a demonstration for high level visitors from Washington. You’ll read about a weekend crosscountry flight for navigation training that turned into a joy ride and then a life-threatening flight. We also have a story from a pilot who has flown on every continent — yes, including Antarctica! And a B-52 navigator shares his harrowing experiences from a mission over North Vietnam. We hope you enjoy your Spring issue of the Friends Journal, and that you will be able to visit the NMUSAF soon to see the restored Memphis BelleTM on display. Thank you for your continued support and keep those stories coming!
AIR FORCE MUSEUM FOUNDATION, INC.
Michael Imhoff - Executive Director Melinda Lawrence - Chief, Museum Store Operations Mary Bruggeman - Chief, Attractions Operations Chuck Edmonson - Marketing Director Gary Beisner - Facilities & Food Service Coordinator Membership Office: 1-877-258-3910 (toll free) or 937-656-9615
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE™
Lt Gen J. L. Hudson, USAF (Ret) - Director Krista Strider - Deputy Director/Senior Curator
Friends Journal
Editor - Alan Armitage Creative Manager - Cheryl Prichard Edito rial Assistants - Joe King, Art Powell, Robert Pinizzotto Friends Journal Office: 937-656-9622
DISCLAIMER: The views and opinions expressed in the Friends Journal articles and Feedback letters are solely those of the authors in their private capacity and do not necessarily represent the views of the Air Force Museum Foundation, Inc., the United States Air Force or any other entity or agency of the U.S. Government. The Friends Journal is published quarterly by the Air Force Museum Foundation, Inc., a Section 501(c)(3) private, non-profit organization dedicated to the expansion and improvement of the National Museum of the U.S.Air ForceTM and to the preservation of the history of the United States Air Force. The Air Force Museum Foundation, Inc. is not part of the Department of Defense or any of its components and it has no government status. Printed in the USA. USPS Standard A rate postage paid at Dayton, OH. Subscription to the Friends Journal is included in the annual membership of the Friends of the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force.
Alan Armitage
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Friends Feedback The Saga of Strobe Zero One I appreciated John Lowery’s excellent article in the Summer 2017 Friends Journal about the tragic loss of Maj Gen Robert F. Worley in 1968. Your readers might be interested to know there was another rescue helo in the area besides the one which picked up Major Brodman. It landed at the RF-4 crash site and picked up the remains of General Worley for transport back to DaNang AB and then on to his family. That aircraft was HH-3E “Jolly Green 22”, which is currently on display in the Southeast Asia Gallery of your museum. It is yet another example of the rich diversity of human interest stories associated with many of the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force exhibit aircraft. NMUSAF
Ron Thurlow Beavercreek, Ohio
The HH-3E “Jolly Green 22” on display at the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force.
Correction Centerspread in Winter 2018 issue In the Winter issue, on page 30 after the B-36J centerfold, on the specifications list, I was surprised to see no mention of the jet engines — just the six piston engines — which I believe the B-36 had with the D variant onward. Kenneth N. Holley Birmingham, AL [Editor’s note: I can’t blame it on the fact that the centerspread photo doesn’t show the four jet engines…especially since I referenced them in my Editor’s Notes (Six turnin’, FOUR BURNIN’).Thanks Ken for pointing it out! The missing information follows: Four General Electric J47-GE-19/A turbojet engines of 5,200 lbs thrust each.]
Correction Packaging Aircraft for Overseas Shipment I like to look up US Navy ships I read about. The article on shipping F-86’s in your Winter edition mentions a “USS Winden Bay.” I think the author means the USS Windham Bay, which was used as an aircraft ferry. I cannot find a ship named Winden Bay or a geographic feature of that name. I always love to get the magazine. William T. Brockman Atlanta, GA [Editors note:We check all of our stories for accuracy from an Air Force perspective, but obviously need to be more comprehensive and check ALL of the information in our stories.Thanks for the catch, Bill!]
General Electric J47-GE-19/A turbojet engine, currently on display in the Cold War Gallery at the NMUSAF.
Spring 2018 • FRIENDS JOURNAL
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NMUSAF
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ing Following are excerpts from the Army Air Forces Train
Aids Division’s booklet
25 Missions: The Story of the Memphis Belle, July 1943 The following crew stories are continued from the Winter issue of the Friends Journal.
Technical Sgt. Harold P. Loch ENGINEER AND TOP TURRET GUNNER, AGE 23 Having slugged it out with Hitler’s fighters from a B-17 top turret, he now wants to be a fighter pilot. HIS STORY Every man on the B-17 should be able to assemble his gun blindfolded. You have got to be on the alert all the time. We had good teamwork on our ship. I think that is the main reason we were able to complete our 25 missions without a casualty. All of ours were good boys, and we worked together and had confidence in each other. We had a lot of excitement. I’ll never forget our March raid on Rouen. We flew over the French coast, feinted, and flew back across the channel. We knew the Jerries would get wise some time and they did. They jumped us over the channel, 30 or 40 of them. They attacked from every position. Then just after we dropped our bombs, more fighters came from out of nowhere. Our tail got hit. We weren’t bothered much more until we got almost to the channel. Then six of them jumped us, circled around our tail from seven o’clock to five o’clock, and went to work on us. Shells were bursting everywhere. Finally, the foremost fighter began to smoke. He turned away and the rest followed him. Air Force
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Staff Sgt. John P. Quinlan TAIL GUNNER, AGE 24 Captain Morgan calls him the “horseshoe of the outfit.” He has had more close calls than anybody else on the crew. HIS STORY I like being a tail gunner. It’s my own private little office back there. I sit down all the time, and when I get a chance I relax. I get a lot of good shots too. The tail gunner is in a good spot to help the pilot by telling him over the interphone what’s coming up from behind. But he should be careful to call out only the ones that are attacking. If he calls everything he sees…he’ll get the pilot so confused he won’t know what’s going on.
You’ve got to be alert all the time. You never can tell what will happen. The time they shot my guns out and hit my leg, I hadn’t expected any trouble at all. I thought that mission would be a cinch. It was a short raid and we were to dip in and pop out again. Just after bombs away I thought I saw flak. It wasn’t, it was fighters. I looked up just in time to see his (the fighter’s) belly. It always gives you a funny sensation to see the big black crosses on the wings. I could hardly miss. I got him. He burst into flames. I guess I was gloating over the one I got. Then I saw the other one. It looked like he had four blow torches in his wings. All of a sudden, it sounded like somebody hit the tail with a sledge hammer. It got my guns and me.
Technical Sgt. Robert J. Hanson RADIO OPERATOR, AGE 23 A construction worker before joining the Army in 1941. HIS STORY We have been in some pretty tight spots. There was the time that six Focke-Wulfs appreared from nowhere, and all six cut loose on us. We could see cannon shells bursting around us and had to slug it out with them. One of the fighters started smoking and went down. We headed in the direction of another, and
after that they left us alone.
The radio operator’s position is a good one, but it’s a rough place to ride. In the Lorient raid, when we got the tail shot off, Captain Morgan put the ship into a terrific dive and we dropped two or three thousand feet. It pretty nearly threw me out of the airplane. I hit the roof. I thought we were going down and wondered if I should bail out. Then he pulled up again and I landed on my back. I had an ammunition box and a frequency meter on top of me. I didn’t know what was going on. Captain Morgan didn’t have time to tell us and I couldn’t have heard him if he had.
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Staff Sgt. Clarence E. Winchell WAIST GUNNER, AGE 26 A chemist for a paint company before joining the Army in 1941. He wants to be a gunnery officer. HIS STORY You can see that Germany is getting desperate. A good example of the things they are trying is dropping bombs on our planes from above. It isn’t effective, but it’s something that bomber crews should watch for. The interphone is the most valuable piece of equipment on the ship. Most of the fellows would rather go over with half their guns out than with the interphone out. There is one incident that stands out in my memory. It was on the Emden raid. We had bombed our target and the fighters were after us. I never saw such crazy flying as they were doing. One Focke-Wulf came in at 9 0’clock and seemed to be concentrating on me personally. I was looking down the barrel of a 20 mm. He went over our left wing ship and under us. I don’t know yet how he managed to slip through. I was petrified. The Memphis Belle™ had no better crew than a hell of a lot of other B-17s. If there was anything remarkable about our taking all we did without a casualty, it was a combination of things. We had some luck. We had a good crew, and what’s just as important, we had absolute confidence in each other.
Staff Sgt. Cecil H. Scott BALL TURRET GUNNER, AGE 27 The oldest member of the crew wants to be a gunnery officer. HIS STORY The ball turret is the best position on the airplane. You see a lot of action in that position, you know what’s going on, and you are always busy. If the plane catches on fire you know it first because you can see all four engines. The Germans have some tricks… When they attack and come under the ball turret, they turn sideways or clear upside down. They go into a slow roll and they are awfully hard to hit. Sometimes they’ll shoot out smoke to make you think they are hit. Before the attack, you are usually scared, but when the planes start coming up and attacking you are all right. On the Rommily-Sur-Seine raid, about 300 fighters attacked us in relays. The fight lasted a couple of hours, the longest one we had been in. They attacked us as soon as we crossed the coast and circled around us like Indians. They started attacking from all directions at once. We kept plugging away at them and somehow got by. Practically all our ammunition was gone when we got back. As many times as they shot at us, we didn’t get a single bullet hole in the plane.
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Staff Sgt. Casimer A. Nastal WAIST GUNNER, AGE 19 He is the baby of the crew. At 19, he has two confirmed fighter kills to his credit, thinks he has knocked down others, but never had time to watch whether they went down. HIS STORY Combat crews should never go into combat with the idea that they are not coming back. Those who have that in their minds are the least likely to get through. At the waist gun position, you can see what’s going on just about anywhere. It’s cold, but when you’re in flak you warm up. You don’t have time to think about being cold. You don’t have time to think about being scared either. You might be scared on the way over. You think of all the things that could happen. A lot of funny things run through your mind. It’s always a great thrill to get a fighter in your sights and let him have it. I’ll never forget the day one came in shooting from 5 o’clock. I let him have it and saw my tracers go into his gas tank. He went down. I didn’t see the pilot get out. The Germans are a wild bunch sometimes. On our Bremen raid, the fighters came in bunches of 20 or 30. At the target, the flak started. It was bursting outside the waist windows. I could have reached out and grabbed it. I kept thinking, “Let’s get the hell out of here.” I saw two or three fighters hit by their own flak. It was so thick you could hardly see the ground. Museum Curator Notes: SSgt Nastal flew one mission on the Memphis Belle (with a substitute crew) and one mission with Capt Morgan on the B-17F Jersey Bounce (both times as a tail gunner). Having completed his 25 missions in May 1943, he was selected to replace SSgt E. Scott Miller for the war bond tour.
Staff Sgt. E. Scott Miller WAIST GUNNER, AGE 24 A certified automatic pilot maintainer, Miller volunteered for combat after being stationed in England for several months. HIS STORY Staff Sgt Miller joined the Memphis Belle™ crew on their tenth mission, so he did not qualify to go home for the bond tour. Miller completed his 25th mission on July 4, 1943. Museum Curator Notes: Staff Sgt. was not included in the AAF Training Aids Division Booklet. Below are excerpts from his diary, which is preserved in the museum’s Research Division. March 22. Wilhelmshaven, Germany. Plenty of action. We lost one ship. No one else hurt. 40° below… April 5. Antwerp, Belgium. Plenty of fighter opposition. A F.W. 190 exploded in front of me. I don’t know whether I will get the credit or not. [Miller was given official credit] May 17. Lorient, France. I am tired of seeing that place….The rest of Capt Morgan’s crew finished. June 11. Bremen, Germany….I am now flying with Lt. Anderson.
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Col Robert Morgan at the NMUSAF in 1994 By LT
COL NICK APPLE, USAF (RET)
[Editor’s Note: Col Robert K. Morgan, famed pilot of the Memphis Belle™, spoke at what was then the U.S. Air Force Museum in July, 1994. The following article covering that appearance was previously published in the Fall 1994 issue of the Friends Journal. It is the only article about the Memphis Belle to appear in the pages of the Journal prior to this issue and is re-printed here with corrections based on input from National Museum of the United States Air Force™ (NMUSAF) curator Jeff Duford and NMUSAF Researcher Douglas Lantry.]
“
I
f only one aircraft comes home today, let it be us.” That was the prayer of then-Capt Robert K. Morgan, pilot of the famed Memphis Belle, the first B-17 to complete 25 missions over Nazi-held Europe in World War II. A retired reserve colonel and businessman, Morgan spoke recently at a special afternoon lecture at the U.S. Air Force Museum. In the course of telling how his and other Flying Fortress crews managed to survive, he also discussed the Warner Bros. movie and two documentaries that were made on the Memphis Belle. Early B-17 missions over Europe, he said, were based on “trial and error” in attempts to develop the right tactics. In the process, eighty per cent of the crews in his unit were lost during the first three months of daylight saturation bombing, often without fighter escort. Gradually, tight box-formation flying became the tactic for survival. Meanwhile, 25 missions were established as the ticket for a return trip home. That was done as a morale tactic, Morgan added. Hollywood director William Wyler, then on active duty, flew five missions with Morgan’s crew to gather material for his WW II documentary on the Memphis Belle. As formations grew larger in size, Morgan said airborne accidents also increased. Then there was the tactic of Goering’s “yellow nose” fighters attacking head-on and 12
inverted so they could quickly dive and get safely away, he continued. Cold temperatures at altitude also plagued crew members. A gunner, for instance, had less than two minutes to clear his weapon with his gloves off. Any longer and his fingers would freeze. “In the air we were ten equal guys, working together. They followed my orders. It was all business, all the time,” Morgan said. “On the ground, the officers and enlisted went their own way.” With 25 missions to their record - as well as six German fighters - the 8th Air Force commander, Lt Gen Ira Eaker, sent the Memphis Belle home in June 1943 to thank the nation for its support and to sell War Bonds.They were welcomed as heroes during their three-month flying tour of the country. But those who came home, Morgan said, were not the heroes. “Those who did not come home were heroes.” Nevertheless, he said, the country and its youth were behind our men and the war. His tone suggested that in subsequent wars, the nation’s leadership has not always enjoyed the support of its young people. On a goodwill flight to Washington National Airport, Morgan said he was ordered by Gen “Hap” Arnold to buzz the field and impress a group of VIPs on an observation deck. He did, flying directly at the group and then pulling up as the visitors scrambled for cover. Later he buzzed his hometown of Ashville, N.C., flying in a 60-degree bank between the courthouse and the city hall. While still training in Florida before going to Europe, Morgan had similarly buzzed a Sunday beach party whose attendees happened to include his commander. The next morning, the commanding general promised Morgan that he never would get promoted above lieutenant. In July 1943, while the Memphis Belle and crew were in Dayton promoting War Bond sales, the same general surprised
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Morgan by pinning new major’s leaves on his shoulders. [Editor’s Note: Curator Duford and Researcher Lantry were unable to verify the incidents in this story and suggest it may not be entirely accurate.] Many Americans were able to see the crew on its tour. Many more also were able to view William Wyler’s documentary movie Memphis Belle that contained actual combat footage and was shown as part of that patriotic journey. In more recent years, his daughter Catherine Wyler produced a full-length feature based loosely on the historic Memphis Belle and crew. Everything in that popular 1990 Warner Bros. movie happened to someone, sometime, Morgan said, but not all to his crew. While the film was in production, he and the seven other surviving members were invited to England to view the filming and to meet their actor counterparts. During the reunion, the BBC produced a television documentary of the gathering and the motion picture work. Morgan used that 45-minute video to help illustrate his guest lecture at the Museum. He also pointed out that the Hollywood editors changed the sequence of some targets and that strategic targets in Nazi-occupied France were instead referred to as targets in Germany. In the BBC documentary, an actual Memphis Belle crewman stated “We were as close as could be without being blood brothers.” To help achieve this quality on the screen,Warner Bros. subjected the actors to a hard week of basic training in England. “This molded them into a real crew,” Wyler said. One of the actors, who all brought their own personalities to the movie, said “You have to believe that someone else is not going to come back.” That acting philosophy was underscored during filming when a real B-17 crashed on takeoff. To everyone’s relief, all aboard escaped. One of the actual crewmen told the BBC camera that friendships early in WW II were not as warm with replacements “because you did not want to lose another close friend.” A combat buddy added that they developed butterflies in their stomachs again as they approached England, even though they were safely away from German fighters. As the movie production illustrated, aircraft can crash on friendly territory.
force the Memphis community to restore and protect what had become a badly neglected aircraft. (The USAF Museum director is not only responsible for the sprawling historical facility at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, but he and his staff are also responsible for more than 1,500 USAF aircraft on loan around the world.) [Editor’s Note: Researcher Lantry notes that the number of aircraft and major missiles on loan from the NMUSAF has now grown to more than 2,600.] After their 1943 goodwill tour, the Memphis Belle crew was dispersed. Morgan volunteered for duty against Japan and flew the first B-29 bombing raid on Toyko on Nov. 24, 1944. Then he piloted the Dauntless Dotty. During his lecture, he also offered a few observations of the air war in the Far East. We lost many B-29s to mechanical problems on takeoffs and in flight, particularly in their early use in Asia, he said. Our bombardiers “did a lousy job” from high altitudes over Japan, so Maj Gen Curtis LeMay switched to low altitude bombing of cities to end the war. Japanese fighter pilots at the end of the war were far inferior to the Germans who had attacked B-l7s early in the war. Morgan attributed this to the immaturity of Japan’s replacements. Morgan continues to fly bombers in his 70s. He told of flying a B-29 and a B-17 recently, and a B-17 three times last year. [Editor’s Note: Colonel Morgan passed away May 15, 2004 at the age of 85] Lt Col Nick Apple is a graduate of the University of Southern California with a BA in political science and both a BA and an MA in journalism. In 1973 he served as the Department of Defense project officer for Operation Homecoming at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.Thirty-three of the POWs released from North Vietnam were processed through Wright-Patterson. He retired from the USAF in 1981, having served for 25 years. Following his retirement he was the director of a sports museum in San Diego, California before becoming the Chief of Operations at the National Museum of the United States Air Force, retiring in 1994. He then served as a Museum volunteer. He was the principal author of eight editions of The Air Force Museum book.
When Morgan spoke at the Museum in July 1994, he and five others still remained from the original Memphis Belle crew. He was married in 1992 under a wing of that B-17, which has been displayed for many years in Memphis, Tennessee. He praised USAF Museum Director Richard L. Uppstrom for leading the campaign a decade ago to Spring 2018 • FRIENDS JOURNAL
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TO ORDER: Web: store.airforcemuseum.com Email: gifts@afmuseum.com Phone: 937.256.MAIL(6245) Fax: 937.258.3816 Spring Journal 2018.indd 14
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SHIPPING CHARGES: (U.S. only. Call us for foreign shipping charges) Up to $25.00 order – add $7.00 $25.01 to $50.00 order – add $10.00 $50.01 to $100.00 order – add $15.00
$100.01 to $200.00 order – add $20.00 $200.01 to $400.00 order – add $25.00 $400.01 to $600.00 order – add $35.00
$600.01 to $800.00 order – add $45.00 $800.01 to $1,000 order – add $55.00 ABOVE $1,000 order – add $65.00
TO ORDER: Web: store.airforcemuseum.com Email: gifts@afmuseum.com Phone: 937.256.MAIL(6245) Fax: 937.258.3816 Spring Journal 2018.indd 16
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