Kilns Ecosystems for overflow Project booklet
Loek Hendriks Alex Kirschstein
Kilns Ecosystems for overflow
01 Introduction
This booklet contains all works resulting from a collaborative effort between Loek Hendriks and Alex Kirschstein for the Global Housing Studio Dhaka, a MSc2 design studio part of the TU Delft Architecture curriculum in 2020/2021. Hereby we would like to express our gratitude towards our tutors in Delft being Dick van Gameren and Rohan Varma (TU Delft), as well as our tutors in Dhaka Marina Tabbasum and Kazi Ashraf (Bengal Institute)
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Kilns Ecosystems for overflow
02 Content
Situation narrative
4
Location plan
5
Design hypothesis
6
Waterlandscape
8
Barge housing
15
Water system
16
Housing commons
21
Housing footprint
22
Housing form
23
Housing types
28
Housing circulation
30
Typical footplan
33
Materiality
34
Elevation and section
35
Incremental growth
37
Impressions
47
Ecosystems of overflow
49
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Situation narrative Bangladesh, a country under pressure
Issue Migration
Migration Geopolitical Migration Geopolitical
Migration Climate
Migration of people affected by geopolitics in the north and south of Bangladesh through the
Migration Economic Migration of people looking for better economic opportunities in urban centres. Migration Climate Migration of people that are forced to move because of climate change (e.g. rising sea levels, salinization, pollution and the overflowing of rivers).
Migration Health
Migration Health Migration Climate
Migration Economic
Migration of people that are in need of healthcare that is often only offered in larger urban centres.
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Location plan An area threatened by urbanisation
Issue Urbanization
01 Illegal landfilling
02 Lacking infrastructure
03 Polluting brick kilns
04 Decrease of nature
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Design hypothesis Buffer for migration and urbanization pressure
Decreasing biodiversity
Climate migration
Economic migration Biopolitical migration
Healthcare migration
Illegal landfilling
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Design hypothesis Buffer for migration and urbanization pressure
Incremental growth
Kiln community
Ecoystem in flux
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Waterlandscape Strategy
Strategy Aims
01 High-density spine
02 Link infrastructure
03 Low-density ring
04 Expand waterbodies
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Waterlandscape Strategy
Strategy Aims
01 High-density spine
02 Link infrastructure
03 Low-density ring
04 Expand waterbodies
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Waterlandscape Strategy
Strategy Aims
01 High-density spine
02 Link infrastructure
03 Low-density ring
04 Expand waterbodies
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Waterlandscape Strategy
Strategy Aims
01 High-density spine
02 Link infrastructure
03 Low-density ring
04 Expand waterbodies
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Waterlandscape Strategy
Strategy Aims
01 High-density spine
02 Link infrastructure
03 Low-density ring
04 Expand waterbodies
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Waterlandscape Local implementation
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Waterlandscape Implementation on site
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Ecosystem Barge housing
Barge housing Elevation
Barge housing Perspective
Barge housing Typical floor plan
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Ecosystem Watersystem
System Basins
01 Collection pond In this pond, all waste water streams are collected and mixed with fresh water that has gone through a process
02 Stabilization pond Stabilization ponds in series reduce organic matter in the water and remove pathogens. 03 Integrated wetlands Integrated wetlands reduce organic matter and remove nutrients. Also floating agriculture takes place here. 04 Fresh water basin
Collection pond
The water is collected and partly used for 05 Drinking water basin After desinfection, the drinking water can be collected on the kiln.
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Ecosystem Watersystem
System Basins
01 Collection pond In this pond, all waste water streams are collected and mixed with fresh water that has gone through a process
02 Stabilization pond Stabilization ponds in series reduce organic matter in the water and remove pathogens. 03 Integrated wetlands Integrated wetlands reduce organic matter and remove nutrients. Also floating agriculture takes place here. Stabilization pond
04 Fresh water basin The water is collected and partly used for 05 Drinking water basin After desinfection, the drinking water can be collected on the kiln.
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Ecosystem Watersystem
System Basins
01 Collection pond In this pond, all waste water streams are collected and mixed with fresh water that has gone through a process
02 Stabilization pond Stabilization ponds in series reduce organic matter in the water and remove pathogens. 03 Integrated wetlands
Integrated wetlands
Integrated wetlands reduce organic matter and remove nutrients. Also floating agriculture takes place here. 04 Fresh water basin The water is collected and partly used for 05 Drinking water basin After desinfection, the drinking water can be collected on the kiln.
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Ecosystem Watersystem
System Basins
01 Collection pond In this pond, all waste water streams are collected and mixed with fresh water that has gone through a process
02 Stabilization pond Stabilization ponds in series reduce organic matter in the water and remove pathogens.
Leisure Floating agriculture
03 Integrated wetlands
Fresh water basin
Integrated wetlands reduce organic matter and remove nutrients. Also floating agriculture takes place here. 04 Fresh water basin The water is collected and partly used for 05 Drinking water basin After desinfection, the drinking water can be collected on the kiln.
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Ecosystem Watersystem
System Basins
01 Collection pond In this pond, all waste water streams are collected and mixed with fresh water that has gone through a process
02 Stabilization pond Stabilization ponds in series reduce organic matter in the water and remove pathogens. 03 Integrated wetlands
Drinking water basin
Integrated wetlands reduce organic matter and remove nutrients. Also floating agriculture takes place here. 04 Fresh water basin The water is collected and partly used for 05 Drinking water basin After desinfection, the drinking water can be collected on the kiln.
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Kiln Housing commons
Housing Commons
Public facilities 1 Floor
01 Bazar One floor of commercial spaces that house small and medium enterprises, mostly focused on local activities like floating
02 Public facilities
Bazar 1 Floor
One floor of spaces used for a large range of public facilities required for the ecosystem to function properly. Functionalities include (administration) offices, healthcare services and educational spaces
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Kiln Housing footprint
Housing Footprint Incremental housing 3 Floors maximum
01 Planned housing The kiln houses three floors of planned housing, which can be divided over dorm typologies and
02 Incremental housing
Planned housing 3 Floors
Barge housing 3 Floors
Besides the planned housing, the kiln also allows for an additional three floors that can be built incrementally, according to the needs and wishes of people within the ecosystem. 03 Barge housing Large floating barges surrounding the kiln provide with three floors for additional housing possibilities in a dormstyle manner.
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Kiln Housing form
Housing Form
01 Dorms Size: 14m2 (excluding shared facilities and shared external spaces) Total amount: 64 Period: Short-stay Target group: Lowand middle-income individuals and couples in need of housing 02 Apartments Size: 20-33m2 (excluding shared external spaces) Total amount: 120 Period: Short- to medium-long stay Target group: Low-and middle-income couples and families in need of housing 03 Incremental housing Development Total Housing Amount of dwellings including 36 units per barge: 400 dwellings per kiln ecosystem (including 6 barges)
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Kiln Housing form
Housing Form
01 Dorms Size: 14m2 (excluding shared facilities and shared external spaces) Total amount: 64 Period: Short-stay Target group: Lowand middle-income individuals and couples in need of housing 02 Apartments Size: 20-33m2 (excluding shared external spaces) Total amount: 120 Period: Short- to medium-long stay Target group: Low-and middle-income couples and families in need of housing 03 Incremental housing Development Total Housing Amount of dwellings including 36 units per barge: 400 dwellings per kiln ecosystem (including 6 barges)
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Kiln Housing form
Housing Form
01 Dorms Size: 14m2 (excluding shared facilities and shared external spaces) Total amount: 64 Period: Short-stay Target group: Lowand middle-income individuals and couples in need of housing 02 Apartments Size: 20-33m2 (excluding shared external spaces) Total amount: 120 Period: Short- to medium-long stay Target group: Low-and middle-income couples and families in need of housing 03 Incremental housing Development Total Housing Amount of dwellings including 36 units per barge: 400 dwellings per kiln ecosystem (including 6 barges)
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Kiln Housing form
Housing Form
01 Dorms Size: 14m2 (excluding shared facilities and shared external spaces) Total amount: 64 Period: Short-stay Target group: Lowand middle-income individuals and couples in need of housing Incremental housing
02 Apartments Size: 20-33m2 (excluding shared external spaces) Total amount: 120 Period: Short- to medium-long stay Target group: Low-and middle-income couples and families in need of housing 03 Incremental housing Development Total Housing Amount of dwellings including 36 units per barge: 400 dwellings per kiln ecosystem (including 6 barges)
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Kiln Housing form
Housing Form
01 Dorms Size: 14m2 (excluding shared facilities and shared external spaces) Total amount: 64 Period: Short-stay Target group: Lowand middle-income individuals and couples in need of housing 02 Apartments Size: 20-33m2 (excluding shared external spaces) Total amount: 120 Period: Short- to medium-long stay Target group: Low-and middle-income couples and families in need of housing Typical block
03 Incremental housing Development Total Housing Amount of dwellings including 36 units per barge: 400 dwellings per kiln ecosystem (including 6 barges)
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Kiln Housing types
Apartment Typologies
Apartment 2 Person (20m2)
9x
Apartment 4 Person (27m2)
12x
Apartment 6 Person (33m2)
9x
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Kiln Housing types
Dorm Typologies
Dorm 1 Person (14m2)
10x Dorm 2 Person (14m2)
6x Facilities Shared (6-13m2)
2x
2x
2x
1x
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Kiln Housing circulation
Dorm axis
Main axis
Circulation Vertical
Main Vertical axis (2x) The main vertical axis is located on the building’s short sides, consisting of two elevators and one stairway. Dorm Axis (4x) The secondary vertical axis is located within the dorm block, consisting of one stairway used to circulate vertically within the dorm block.
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Kiln Housing circulation
Circulation Horizontal Main axis
Main axis
Main Horizontal axis (1x) The main horizontal axis consist of a steel grid structure that expands from the original brick kiln up to the highest floor of the building. This horizontal grid is connected to the different vertical axes and therefore provides access to every location within the building.
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Kiln Housing circulation
Circulation Air
Ventilation Building Through the design of the floor plans, wind can blow directly through the building, therewith creating (cross) ventilation deep within the building. Ventilation Dwelling The designed space between the ceiling of the dwelling and construction of the building allows for natural ventilation above the dwelling. Together with low positioned grills and ceiling openings within the dwelling this creates a natural draft through the space.
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Kiln Typical floorplan
Floor plan Dwellings Apartment 2 Person
Apartment 4 Person
Apartment 6 Person
Dorm 1 & 2 Person
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Ecosystem Materiality
Materiality External
Materiality Internal
Material Corrugated steel Function: Waterproofing Origin: Reused
Material Steel beams Function: Loadbearing Origin: Reused
Material Bamboo mesh Function: Ventilation
Material Prefabricated concrete slabs Function: Flooring
Material Bamboo shingles Function: Waterproofing and facade cladding
Material Compressed earth brick (CEB) Function: Loadbearing
Material Laminated bamboo Function: Loadbearing beams and flooring
Material Original red bricks Function: Waterbasin Origin: Local
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Ecosystem Elevation and section
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Ecosystem Elevation and section
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Incremental growth
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Ecosystem Impressions
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Ecosystem Impressions
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Kiln Ecosystem for overflow
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