Figure 46: table shows the cooling and heating load in summer and winter Figure 47: improvement in the performance of the non-conditioned building due to building design ..............................................................................................................................................................49

Scheduling of air exchanges

The scheduling of air changes to promote air entry during cooler periods (such as nights or winters) and controlling air entry during warmer periods (during daytime or summer) can lead to a 2.7% reduction of the annual load.

The combination of all design and operational parameters discussed (excluding building orientation and internal gain), results in a significant load reduction of62.6%.

FIGURE 46: TABLE SHOWS THE COOLING AND HEATING LOAD IN SUMMER AND WINTER

FIGURE 47: IMPROVEMENT IN THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NON-CONDITIONED BUILDING DUE TO BUILDING DESIGN

4.4. VEGETATION USED FOR COMPOSITE CLIMATE

(LANDSCAPING)

Trees and shrubs create different air flow patterns, provide shading and keep the surroundings cooler in warm weather. Vegetation can be used for energy conservation in buildings in the following ways:

• Shading of buildings and open spaces through landscaping • Roof gardens (or green roofs)