2019 Annual Report - Qutb Shahi Heritage Park - Aga Khan Trust for Culture by aktchyd

Aga Khan Trust for Culture

QU T B SHAH I HE RITAGE PARK ANNUAL REPORT 2019

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Qutb Shahi Heritage Park demonstrates a model for people centric urban development of a historic city centre with a non-profit People Public- Private Partnership framework and to implement a project leading to conservation based urban development and an improved quality of life for citizens. Qutb Shahi Heritage Park boasts of 100+ monuments spread across 106 acres. Here the conservation works and landscape restoration aim to restore the grandeur of the site and to earn its place on the World Heritage list.

PARTNER AGENCIES:

Department of Heritage Telangana

Aga Khan Trust for Culture

Quli Qutb Shahi Urban Development Authority,Hyderabad

SUPPORTED BY

Tata Trusts

U.S. Ambassadorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fund for Cultural Preservation

SWADESH DARSHAN Scheme of Government of India

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Contents

Sultan Quli Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum-Garden

Hayat Bakshi Begum’s Mausoleum

Taramati’s Mausoleum

Muhammad Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum: Landscape 4

Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum-Garden

Abdullah Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum

Premamati’s Mausoleum

Hakim’s and Commander’s Mausoleum: Landscape

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Hamam: Serai

Hamam: Forecourt

Mosque to the south west of Taramati

Mosque west of Mausoleum Mosque 7* of Mohd. Qutb Shah.

78 84

Mosque south west of Hamam Serai

Mosque south of Hayat Bakshi Begum

Qutb Shahi Interpretation Centre

88 98

Paigah Tombs Complex

100 5

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Mausoleum of Hayat Baksh Begum Great Mosque Mausoleum of Taramati

Mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah

Mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutbul Mulk Badi Baoli

Mausoleum of Jamshed Quli Qutb Shah Baoli

Mausoleum of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah

Idgah

Mausoleum of Ibrahim Qulii Qutb Shah

Qutb Shahi Heritage Park is listed on the tentative World Heritage List. Major conservation and landscape restoration works will be undertaken from 2013-23 to ensure long term preservation and enhance the visitor experience of this site of international significance. The Qutb Shahi Heritage Park, including the Deccan Park area, is one of the most significant historic medieval necropolises anywhere in the world, comprising over 70 structures mausoleums, mosques, step-wells/ water structures, a Hamam, pavilions, garden structures – all built during the reign of the Qutb Shahi dynasty which ruled the Hyderabad region for 169 years in the 16th – 17th centuries.

Fatima Sultana’s mausoleum

Mausoleum of Abul Hasan Tana Shah

Mausoleum of Abdullah Qutb Shah

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Executive Summary The Qutb Shahi Heritage Park comprises of the presently segregated sites of Qutb Shahi Tombs under the management of the Department of Heritage (earlier Department of Archaeology), the Deccan Park managed by the Quli Qutb Shah Urban Development Authority as well as the land abutting the Idgah. In January 2013, AKTC signed a ten-year MoU with both the Department of Archaeology as well as QQSUDA. However, within days of the MoU, vested interests challenging the ownership of the land by the Department of Archaeology filed a petition at the Wakf Tribunal and prohibited much needed conservation works to be carried out. Almost a year was lost on this account before conservation works commenced. Today, almost half of the 100+ structures standing on the site have been conserved and Phase 1 of landscape restoration completed. Much will thus be achieved by January 2023 when the MoU will require review. As with other Aga Khan Historic Cities Programme projects worldwide, the initiative at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park aims to serve as a model project – demonstrating a conservation approach based on the understood significance of the site, appropriate for the Indian context and in conformity with international guidelines for World Heritage Sites.

Significance The Qutb Shahi Heritage Park with over 100 monuments spread across over 100 acres of land is unique, but, more so on account of association with the majestic fortification of Golconda – less than 100 m away. No other necropolis matches the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park for the number of monuments that stand here and as representative of every decade of construction during the Qutb Shahi dynasty. The significance is further enhanced with the archaeological discoveries of garden enclosures and residential settlements pre-dating the necropolis. The architectural styles of the monuments are defined by bulbous domes, large platforms and striking stucco plaster – all of which are being conserved or restored as part of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture initiative. Layers of inappropriate landscape and horticulture works are being peeled away to landscape the 100-acre park in a historically appropriate manner – with plants that the Qutb Shahis would have favoured. Together with the Golconda fortification, the site is on the tentative World Heritage List. In 2019, the dossier for the nomination was prepared but its submission deferred to prioritise that of Ramappa Temple, also in Telangana.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Challenges Conservation and landscape restoration works at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park have faced some significant challenges, amongst which, ongoing litigation at the Wakf Tribunal, the scale of the project â&#x20AC;&#x201C; encompassing over 100 monuments and 100 acres and little knowledge of the site with lack of research and publications. AKTC has implied in the court case at the Wakf Tribunal and assisting the government lawyers to ensure the right to continue urgent needed conservation works. It is however, hoped that the effort required by the government to bring this case to closure would be made and the site secured for perpetuity. A sustained effort at architectural documentation, archaeological excavation and archival research commenced over two years prior to commencing conservation works and has continued thereafter. This has revealed monuments and gardens that were buried or architectural elements of monuments that were buried under layers of 20th century cement layers. In order to overcome the challenges posed by the scale of the site, once emergency conservation works were completed on monuments across the site, works have been taken up on clusters in a phased manner and coupled with required landscape restoration. This has allowed the lean AKTC team to supervise conservation works on adjoining monuments in an efficient manner.

Partnerships The AKTC Conservation and Landscape restoration effort at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park will be the largest conservation undertaking in India. It would result in a site that is expected to attract millions of visitors to Hyderabad, especially when coupled with the opportunity to visit the Golconda fortification. To enable integration of the presently segregated sites the MoU with the Department of Heritage also includes the Quli Qutb Shah Urban Development Authority. The Tata Trusts committed to support the project at the very onset by pledging funding for conservation works on ten major monuments. These works will be completed in 2020. AKTC has received support from the Federal Republic of Germany and the US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation for conservation works undertaken in 2019. In 2015, the Honâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ble Minister of Finance, Government of India announced support at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park in the budget speech. This led, two years later, to a Ministry of Tourism grant to the TSTDC under the Swadesh Darshan grant. The successful completion of this grant will be a critical challenge in 2020.

Conservation Over the past seven years, craftsmen have clocked in 2.8 lacs mandays of work at QSHP since 2013 while undertaking conservation works on monuments standing within the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park. Craftsmen have used traditional tools, building materials and craft techniques to restore missing patterns and repair the monuments. An inter-disciplinary team of engineers, conservation architects, architects have provided intense planning support, supervision and oversight for the conservation works. Monthly joint inspections are held with officers of the Department of Heritage to review ongoing works and agree on proposed works for the following month. These are followed by quarterly review by the Technical committee â&#x20AC;&#x201C; as per the MoU. 8

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

(Right) View of the Qutb Shahi Tombs from Golconda in 1991. Source: MIT Archives

Landscape Restoration Till only two decades ago, the tombs were spread over a much larger area with no other buildings from the Golconda to the Jubilee hills. However, in the 21st century, this land parcel – hundreds of acres – has been plotted and intensively built upon. Fortunately, new construction abutting the monuments is limited and an area of 100 acres is secured as a green space. The landscape master plan prepared by landscape architect, Late M Shaheer, envisaged ecological buffer zones on the north, south and west of the complex, a core archaeological zone in the centre and an infrastructure zone on the eastern edge. Within the core archaeological zone, ground levels have been painstakingly been restored to original levels – revealing rock in some places and aqueducts in others. Referencing archival records, including poetry from the Qutb Shah court – plant species have been identified and being planted. In the eastern zone a garden amphitheatre with a seating capacity of 500 is also being built to encourage cultural events at this significant site.

Interpretation Centre As is expected at any site of international significance, an interpretation centre is planned for the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park – to be built with funds received by TSTDC under the Swadesh Darshan scheme of the Government of India. In 2019, AKTC invited a few select architectural firms to present concept designs for the proposed building and provided these to the Department of Heritage’ Technical Committee to select one scheme. The Tender documents have now been prepared and it is hoped that this structure will be built in 2020. AKTC will undertake building the exhibition, also from Swadesh Darshan grant funds.

Paigah Tombs On the request of the Director, Department of Archaeology, AKTC consented to also restore the famed Paigah tombs – also unique in architectural character and of immense potential. Conservation works here commenced in 2019 and will carry forward in 2020. 9

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Royal Mausoleums The Qutb Shahi Heritage Park is situated abutting the foothills of the Golconda fort and comprises of 80 monuments. The necropolis consists of 40 mausoleums, out of which 4 are comparable to the Taj Mahal in Agra and Humayunâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mausoleum in Delhi in scale and grandeur. These were built during the reign of 169 years of the Qutb Shahi rulers. The site represents 17 decades of glorious, contiguous past of a unique necropolis with the exclusivity of an entire dynasty buried inside its precincts. The mausoleum architecture is a blend of Persian, Pathan, and Hindu architectural styles and is made up of local materials. Buildings are embellished with ornamental stucco made with incised lime plasterwork. Spread across 106 acres there are six different plan types of tombs. Since many of the structures were built prior to the death of the person buried their size was dependent on the status of the individual building the tomb.

(Above) Panoramic view of the site with the mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb Shah in the centre; (Left) Mausoleum of fourth king Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah; (Centre) Mausoleum of fifth king Muhammad Qutb Shah; (Right) Mausoleum of Maa Sahiba Hayat Bakshi Begum

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

01. Mausoleum of Begum Hayat Bakshi (Above) The conservation works were preceded by high level of documentation and followed by removal of 20th-century cement mortar and concrete. Repairs were done using traditional lime mortar and reinstatement of ornamental stucco embellished on the principal facades. (Right) Southern elevation of Begum Hayat Bakshiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum

Supported by:

Tata Trusts 12

Hayat Bakshi Begum, better known as Ma Saheba, took a prominent part during the reign of three Qutb Shahi rulers. She was the daughter of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, wife of Muhammad Qutb Shah, and mother of Abdullah Qutb Shah. Her mausoleum is a replica of the mausoleum built for her husband, both in terms of sheer scale and size. In late 2018, removal of later added cement plaster layers was commenced on the dome surface. The dome was covered with a 2-inch-thick layer of cement plaster and showed signs of deterioration permitting ingress of water and vegetation growth.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ARCHITECTURAL DOCUMENTATION Condition assessment of the internal portions of Hayat Bakshi Begumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum. Conservation interventions being carried out on multiple portions of the mausoleum

Facade Restoration

Terrace Repairs

Dome Restoration

Interiors Restoration

LEGEND decayed plaster CEMENT plaster Damaged/ BROKEN MEMBERS exposed masonry Mud Mortar/plaster 2oth century lime wash

Intervention

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK decayed profiles missing patterns

water problems water rise water seepage

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

INTERNAL DOME The internal dome had signs of deterioration with cracks on the surface permitting water ingress and vegetation growth. The internal dome also had holes that were up to 11 feet deep. The internal shallow dome protruding out of the floor also had a 20th century cement plaster layer also had a 20th century cement plaster layer.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Plaster on the internal dome was found damaged due to

•

prolonged seepage of rainwater. Repairs were carried out using traditional lime mortar. •

Holes up to 11 feet deep were found on the internal dome

20th century cement plaster layer was dismantled on the internal shallow dome, ceiling medallion and lower portions.

•

Base plaster on the internal shallow dome was carried out using rich lime mortar by master craftsmen.

and were subsequently filled with rubble and traditional lime plaster.

(Clockwise from left) The internal dome before conservation; Up to 4 feet deep holes that were found on the internal dome surface were filled with stones and lime plaster; the flooring was found damaged in portions and was hence, laid with lime concrete

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

TERRACE The terrace of Begum Hayat Bakshi’s Mausoleum had a 20th century cement plaster layer added during the later repairs. On close inspection it was observed that this was leading to the rainwater seeping into the lower arcade.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

20th century cement concrete was dismantled on the middle

•

Cleaning of terraces and existing rainwater spouts on both

terrace as it was leading to seepage of rainwater into the

the upper and middle terrace were carried out before the

lower arcade and adding excess load on the structure.

monsoons.

Traditional lime concrete was laid in appropriate slope to

•

Cleaning of rainwater spouts on both the upper and middle

drain out rainwater away from the structure. Ramming and

terrace coupled with removal of plants roots was repeatedly

curing were carried out continuously for a week to achieve

carried out throughout the monsoons as a part of the

smooth finish which would help rainwater drain away.

preventive maintenance.

(Above) Dismantling of 20th century cement concrete on the middle terrace; (Below) Traditional lime concrete was laid in appropriate slope 15

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

PARAPET Middle level parapet of Hayat Bakshi Begum’s tomb is made of thick hand chiseled granite blocks covering a length of 135 m. Over time, the stone joints developed gaps and had vegetation growth within the joints. All the stone blocks were manually realigned after removal of thick plants roots growing underneath by stone craftsmen.

(Above) Stone parapet realigned on the middle terrace, and (Below) Metal water spouts installed in existing openings for a proper drainage of the rainwater.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Stone parapet on the middle terrace was realigned after removing the interspersed plant roots growing beneath.

•

17 metal waterspouts of approved design were installed in the existing openings of stone parapet to drain rainwater away from the structure.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

MINARETS & FINIALS The corner minarets of the mausoleum were found to be covered in a layer of 20th century cement. Most of the finials present on top of them were also observed to be either damaged or missing. Covered with layers of cement, these minaret façades also showed signs of deteriorated stucco.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Cement layers from the minars at the mausoleum were removed and replaced with traditional lime plaster.

•

Damaged and missing finials atop the minars were

•

Missing and broken details on the minars were restored using traditional lime plaster and finished in lime punning by master craftsmen.

reconstructed based on in-situ evidence.

(Above) Cement layers from the minars were removed and replaced with traditional lime plaster, missing and broken details were restored and damaged finials were re-installed.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

EXTERNAL FACADE The details on the external surface below the parapet on principal facades of the mausoleum such as merlons, medallions and the flower band were found to be damaged or missing.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Repairs and restoration works were carried out on the

â&#x20AC;˘

The floral band running along the lower terrace was restored

upper portion of the external faĂ§ade of the mausoleum

using traditional lime mortar and finished using lime punning

where broken, damaged or missing stucco details, merlons,

based on the existing in-situ evidence.

medallions and floral bands were restored using traditional lime plaster and finished with a coat of lime punning based on the existing in-situ evidence.

(Above) On the external facade, the broken and damaged ornamental details and architectural elements were repaired and restored using traditional lime plaster and finished with a coat of lime punning based on existing evidence.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

INTERNAL CEILING Traces of original color were revealed on the ceiling medallion and missing paint was restored based on the existing site evidence. These conservation efforts have, in turn, helped reveal the character of the structure as intended by the original builders.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Ceiling medallion were documented along with removal of 20th-century cement plaster. Ornamental stucco details were restored by master craftsmen using rich traditional lime mortar to conserve the ornamental ceiling medallion.

Removal of 20th century cement

Restoration of the medallion with traditional lime mortar

Evidence of color found on removal of cement

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Before Conservation

Original design uncovered

Documentation of Original Patterns Traces of original color were revealed on the ceiling medallion and missing paint was restored based on the existing site evidence. These conservation efforts have, in turn, helped reveal the character of the structure as intended by the original builders.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

INTERNAL FACADE The internal surface below the dome had visible signs of deterioration augmented by 20th century repairs carried out using cement. The details on the internal surface below the parapet on principal facades of the mausoleum such as merlons, medallions and the flower band were found to be damaged or missing.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

50 feet tall scaffolding were erected inside the internal

scraped to remove cement patches and were subsequently

mausoleum.

repaired with lime mortar by craftsmen.

Repairs on the blind arches situated below the internal dome

Cement plaster was carefully removed from the recessed arched bays and low heights vaults situated on all four sides

cement and white-wash layers were carefully removed to

inside the mausoleum. Ornamental details, moulding bands,

reveal the original appearance of gallery. Plaster repairs were

arch crowns and original lattice screens were repaired by

followed by finishing with a thin 1 mm layer of punning,

master craftsmen. Final finish on plaster repairs was done

which consists of lime putty mixed with organic additives.

using a 1 mm thin smooth layer of slaked lime putty mixed

Evidences of black colour in grooves of arches were revealed

with organic additives.

and missing paint was restored based on the existing site evidence. •

•

were carried out using traditional lime mortar. 20th century

Moulding bands surrounding the blind arch gallery were

•

Traces of black colour were revealed in the moulding bands and ornamental architectural elements inside the mausoleum.

(Below) Conservation works at the main tomb chamber of have included careful removal of 20th-century cement, restoration of lime plaster and missing stucco patterns. Plaster repairs were followed by finishing with a thin 1 mm layer of punning. Traces of original colour were revealed, and missing paint was restored based on the existing site evidence.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

FLOORING & CORRIDOR The existing flooring before conservation was 20th century cement concrete.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

20th century stone flooring laid in contextually inappropriate layout with cement mortar was dismantled in the arcade

â&#x20AC;˘

Plaster repairs inside the arcade on all four sides was carried out using rich lime mortar by master craftsmen.

surrounding the mausoleum. 30 mm thick granite stone slabs were laid in approved layout and appropriate slope in lime mortar.

Before Conservation

Stone slabs laid in an appropriate slope on lime mortar

After Conservation

Details around the doors restored

IMPACT: Restoration of internal and external facades has helped in long term preservation of the monument by removal of 20th century cement thereby reducing the seepage of water on the monument. Installation of lime concrete on the terrace has stopped the water ingress into the structure coupled with installation of stone waterspouts, will prolong life of the mausoleum. Realignment of hand chiseled stone parapet on the perimeter edge of upper plinth and meticulous restoration of ornamental stucco, medallions and floral bands has reinvigorated the original architectural appearance as envisaged by the original builders.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

PLINTH The existing flooring before conservation works was 20th century cement concrete. Upon the removal of cement concrete , resetting of plinth protection as per appropriate width suggested by landscape master plan was carried out. Installation of 100 mm thick granite stone slabs and edging stone was done by stone craftsmen. Realignment of the hand dressed stone steps situated on the southern plinth was carried out.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Construction of a 5 feet wide plinth protection was carried

•

Plinth protection around the perimeter of mausoleum of

out along the perimeter of the lower arcade situated on the

Hayat Bakshi Begum has commenced with work being carried

projected plinth. The plinth protection was lined with brick

out on the eastern side.

walls and base lime concrete for the flooring was laid. 100 mm thick granite stones slabs and edging stone were installed and laid in accordance to the approved layout and in an

•

Base work for the pathway on the lower edge of the retaining wall to the south side is being carried out.

appropriate slope.

(Above) Damaged stone steps were reset matching the alignment of steps on the eastern side by stone craftsmen

NEXT STEPS: The projected lower plinth protection on the south side of the mausoleum is to be repaired and the existing stones to be realigned as per the original levels. The historic water tank on the southern plinth to be repaired and finished with appropriate material. 23

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

02. Abdullah Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum (Above) South Elevation of Abdullah Qutb Shah’s mausoleum The conservation works were preceded by high standards of documentation focused on restoring “the spirit and feeling” with an emphasis of craftsmanship and authenticity. Image above depicts the installation of scaffolding on dome prior to the commencement of dismantling of 20th-century cement plaster

Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah was born in 1626 and was the son of Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah and Hayat Bakshi Begum. He was fond of learning and architecture, and the celebrated Persian Lexicon ‘Burhane Qaati’ was compiled during his reign. During his reign the extent of the Qutb Shahi Empire reached as far as the Carnatic. His mausoleum stands on a square plinth of side 72 m. The tomb structure rises to a height of 45 m, and it a double domed structure. The lower facade made of dressed granite stone consists of seven arches enclosing a corridor on each side.

NEXT STEPS: Supported by:

Tata Trusts 24

Dismantling of cement plaster will be followed with repairs using traditional lime mortar and reinstatement of missing ribs on the dome surface.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

DOME The dome of the mausoleum is dotted with over 300 patches made for supporting the wooden scaffolding erected during 20th century repairs. On inspection, the dome was found to be covered with a 4-inch-thick layer cement mortar thereby causing the original lime plaster and prominent ribs below to disintegrate. The petal band along the base of the dome was also found in a dilapidated condition before conservation.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Dome of this mausoleum was dotted with over 300 patches

It was observed the top conical piece of the copper finial was skewed and appeared disjointed. The top three pieces of the

repairs undertaken in the 20 century and were covered up

copper finial were carefully removed and a traditional copper

with a thick layer of cement plaster.

smith will be repairing the damaged portions to correct the

â&#x20AC;˘

made for supporting the wooden scaffolding erected during

Steel scaffolding has been erected around the dome and the terrace of the mausoleum to commence the dismantling of

nails on the conical portion to attach it to the internal wooden piece.

6668

85 205

240 540 85 85 85 605

Amongst the significant architectural elements on the mausoleum, is the 25-feet high copper finial standing atop the dome. This required specialised repairs by a traditional coppersmith, as it was found much damaged. The individual hollow copper pieces were carefully removed from the dome for repair, and have now been reinstated in their original position.

540

200

435 85 85

185

260 110

2780

20th century cement plaster.

alignment and stitch the holes made by hammering of iron

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

03. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mausoleum

(Above) Here the conservation works were preceded by high level of documentation and were completed in 2018. Major preventive maintenance works including installation of water spouts, grouting of stone were carried out in 2019 to prolong the life of the monument .

Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1581- 1611), the fourth king of the Qutb Shahi dynasty laid the foundation of Hyderabad. During his reign, the dynasty reached the zenith of its material and cultural life. His majestic tomb, 48 m tall, is the tallest tombs at the Qutb Shahi heritage park. Raised on a vaulted structure which houses the original grave of the Sultan, it marks the beginning of the double terraced tomb construction. The upper terrace consists of a recessed bay at the center on all four sides. Each of these are supported by two large granite pillars 7m high and supported brackets which recall the influence of Vijayanagara architecture. The bulbous dome sits majestically and looms large over the Hyderabad landscape.

Supported by:

Tata Trusts 26

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

TERRACE & PARAPET

(Clockwise from left) Installation of metal waterspout on the parapet at upper plinth; Grouting and pointing with lime mortar on all the joints at the upper plinth level; Cleaning of existing rainwater spouts

ACTION TAKEN: •

Sample metal waterspout was installed on the eastern

both the upper and middle terrace were carried out before

parapet. Following its review and approval by the team, it was

the monsoons.

installed in the remaining 45 openings on all 4 sides at upper plinth level. •

In advance to preparing the site for monsoons, cleaning

•

As a protective measure against monsoons, grouting with rich lime mortar was carried out coupled with pointing on all the stone joints at the upper plinth level.

of terraces for any kind of vegetation growth or water stagnation and cleaning of the existing rainwater spouts on

NEXT STAGE: Periodic preventive maintenance annually before monsoons will be carried out to prolong the life of the monument

IMPACT: Restoration of internal and external facades has helped in long term preservation of the monument by removal of 20th century cement thereby reducing the seepage of water on the monument. Installation of lime concrete on the terrace has stopped the water ingress into the structure coupled with installation of metal waterspouts on the stone parapet, will prolong life of the mausoleum. Realignment of hand chiseled stone parapet on the perimeter edge of upper plinth and meticulous restoration of ornamental stucco, medallions and floral bands has reinvigorated the original architectural appearance as envisaged by the original builders.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE

During Conservation

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

04. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mausoleum FORECOURT The majestic tomb of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, built in 1602, was set amidst sprawling gardens consisting of stone pillars to support vine tendrils and foliages, as mentioned. Major alternations in modern materials have been made to the garden in the 20th century. The garden north of Muhammad Quliâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum was largely altered with additions of modern water bodies such as water fountain in the corner and shallow water channels. Layers of good earth was spread to allow the growth of carpet grass. While archival research indicated the existence of vineyards, no physical evidence was found at site. It was agreed that the central cruciform water body would be retained while removing Supported by:

SWADESH DARSHAN 28

the four corner water fountains along with the shallow water channel. This garden would be developed appropriately with the re-establishment of vineyard in a small portion for the imagination of visitors about the historic landscape.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Tamri ndus indica

. c/c

Cit ru s lim on 07 no s. @3 .0m c /c

Wede lli 1280 a trilobata nos. @ 0.30 m

2.1M Wide Tandu r Path way

Clero dendru m (he in d e g rm e heigh to be main e t) tain a t 300 85 no s. @ 0 .40 m . c/c

athwa

Wed e lli 1280 a trilobata nos . @ 0.30 m . c/c

ndur P

ide Ta

2.1M W

Pond

Clero dendru m in (he d e g rm e heigh to be main e t) ta a in t 300 50+21 5 nos .@0 .40 m . c/c

Lotus

Wide

ard

Viney

Wede lli 1280 a trilobata no @ 0.3 s. 0 m. c /c

way

r Path

Tandu

Citrus limon 07 no s. @3.0 m c/c

Wide

c/c

2.1M

Citrus limon 07 no s. @3 .0m

way

r Path

Tandu

Clero de (hedg ndrum inerm e to b e em he a ig in h tain a t) t 300 200 n os. @ 0.40 m . c/c

2.1M

ur Path

way e Tand 3M Wid

ndur P

athway ide Ta 2.1M W

ndur P

athway ide Ta 1.9M W

(Above) Landscape scheme for the forecourt of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ACTION TAKEN: •

The landscape development for the forecourt of the mausoleum of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah is being

•

appropriate gradient as per the plan. 3.0-metre-wide

undertaken in accordance with the landscape design plan. •

directions along the periphery of the garden. The pathways

were built along the eastern and northern periphery of

were finished with 50mm thick Tandur stones. •

The water body situated at the centre in forecourt was filled with good earth to develop a lotus tank while the four 20th century cement corner water fountains were removed.

•

pathways were laid on the north - south and east - west

Masonry walls to accommodate the earth level differences the garden.

•

Pathways along with connecting steps were laid in

100 mm thick granite stones were installed around the edge of

Grading was completed in the forecourt for planting of local grass.

•

Citrus saplings were planted on the periphery of the central pathways in a manner so as to not obstruct the view of the Hamam.

the cruciform shaped water body situated in the forecourt of mausoleum of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah.

(Left) Construction of plinth wall along the raised forecourt; (Right) Installation of paving stone on the pathways constructed as a part of the landscape master plan

NEXT STEPS: •

The pathways shall be finished with stone kerb edging.

•

Local grass shall be laid in the four corners of the main garden along with low height hedge saplings in pockets in-between the pathways and ground cover beneath the citrus plantation.

•

Seating will be provided in the east-west and northern axis.

•

Local varieties of lotus shall be planted in the central cruciform water body.

•

A prototype of stone columns and beams shall be erected on the eastern side for grape cultivation.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Before view of the forecourt Present view of the forecourt

(Above) Photographs showing the various stages of paving of pathways inside the forecourt of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah. Installation of paving stone slabs and granite edging lining the cruciform shaped depressed lotus pond was carried out by stone craftsmen as per the landscape masterplan

IMPACT: Restoration of the garden located to the north of the Mausoleum of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah would enhance the setting of the location. This would help in better understanding the historic landscape which existed in the 19th century while making the space useful for local communities and visitors.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

05. Taramati’s Mausoleum As per folklore, it is said that Premamati and Taramati were prominent singer and dancer in the court of Abdullah Qutb Shah. Credible historical sources cite them as being Hindu converts to Shiite Islam and regularly married to Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah. H K Sherwani, author of History of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty states that “both of them are buried in regular Muslim graves in the royal necropolis and their mausoleum have “shapely” domes. Neither of them could have been “temporary wives” of the Sultan, for in such a case they would not have been the permanent and perhaps exclusive occupants of the palaces which go by their names. The mausoleum stands to the north-west of Muhammad Qutb Shah’s tomb on a square plinth of side 25m. The mausoleum is single storeyed with a square plan of side 13m, with three blind arches on each facade, ornamented with arch mouldings and intricate arch crown and medallions. (Above) Southern and eastern elevation of Taramati’s mausoleum; (Left) Before conservation view of the Abdullah Qutb Shah’s mausoleum. Conservation works on the main facades was preceded by carrying out repairs on the dome surface and installation of dressed granite stones lining the projected plinth of the mausoleum.

Supported by:

U.S. Ambassador’s Fund for Cultural Preservation 32

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 LEGEND

Condition before conservation works •

decayed plaster

Vegetation and algae growth could be seen on the

CEMENT plaster

dome and facade

Damaged/ BROKEN MEMBERS

•

Small structural cracks visible on the corner minarets.

•

Ornamental details are damaged or missing on

MISSING MEMBERS exposed masonry

various parts of the facade. •

No water outlets

•

External surfaces had a

2oth century lime wash

Intervention PLANT

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK

new finish, and had been

decayed profiles

plastered with cement in

missing patterns

portions. •

water problems

External plaster was

water rise

flaking in portions and the

water seepage

lime lattice screen were

surface deposits

missing on the east and

algae

south sides. •

Internal surfaces were covered with lime wash.

•

The plinth wall was missing in portions.

Before Conservation

A stencil of 1:1 scale for lattice screen was

Craftsman restoring the lattice screen

prepared to aid in its restoration

with lime mortar 33

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

DOME: EXTERNAL & INTERNAL The dome of the mausoleum was dotted with patches made for supporting the wooden scaffolding erected during 20th century repairs. On inspection, the dome was found to be covered with a 4-6-inch-thick layer cement mortar thereby causing the original lime plaster below to disintegrate. The petal band below the dome were damaged in portions and the drum below was also finished with cement mortar and showed visible signs of deterioration.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Dome of this tomb was dotted with over 30 patches made for supporting the wooden scaffolding erected during repairs undertaken in the 20th century and were covered up with cement mortar. After on-site investigations, all the holes

•

Repairs on the drum were done using traditional lime mortar.

•

The petal band along the base of the dome was restored

were filled with rubble and lime mortar to prevent rainwater

using rich traditional lime mortar and finished with a final

ingress.

coat of lime punning.

Scaffolding was erected around the dome and the 4-6 inches

•

20th century cement plaster and whitewash were dismantled

thick cement layer was carefully removed from the dome and

from the internal dome. Plaster repairs on the dome were

was re-plastered with traditional lime plaster and finished

completed and finished with a 1 mm thin layer of lime putty

with a thin final layer of lime punning

mixed with organic additives.

Dilapidated lime plaster layer on the 16-sided drum

Removal of cement

Restoration of the petal band

supporting the dome was dismantled.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

FINIAL The copper finial of the dome of the mausoleum was found to be damaged and the internal support made of wood had started to disintegrate over time.

ACTION TAKEN: •

The copper finial of the dome on investigation found to be in

•

poor shape with the internal wooden support within the finial having deteriorated over time. The various copper vessels that made up the finial also had 4-5 holes in them. •

The damaged copper vessels were repaired by a local coppersmith.

•

The repaired copper finial was carefully re-installed on the top of the mausoleum and the wooden skeleton inside the finial

The finial was disassembled and brought down from the

was replaced with a GI pipe having 80mm to 100mm diameter

dome and carefully documented.

to withstand strong winds and rain.

(Left) Before final installation, pieces of the copper finial were assembled on the ground to ensure that the GI pipe inserted in the center fits appropriately; (Right) Installation of the repaired pieces of copper finial atop the dome

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

TERRACE The terrace was covered with a layer of 20th century cement concrete and this aggravated the water seepage inside the mausoleum. Multiple stone eaves situated below the battlements were found to be damaged or missing.

ACTION TAKEN: •

20th century cement concrete was dismantled from the

•

battlements were carefully removed and deep holes were

terrace. •

repaired with rubble masonry and rich traditional lime mortar.

Traditional lime concrete was laid on the terrace to appropriate slope to drain rainwater away from the

Thick plant roots on the rainwater outlets below the

•

The terrace and existing rainwater spouts on terrace were cleaned before the monsoons.

monument. Ramming and curing were carried out continuously for a week to achieve smooth finish.

Left - Cement from the terrace was removed and replaced with traditional lime concrete in an appropriate slope Middle - Minarets on the external parapet repaired with traditional lime plaster Right - Missing stones eaves were replaced with hand dressed stone sections of matching size and colour

PARAPET & MINARETS Battlements on the parapet above the eaves were severely damaged and partly broken in many portions. Minarets on the parapet above the eaves were severely damaged and partly broken in many portions, with original finials missing on all the corner minarets.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Damaged battlements were restored on the parapets using lime mortar and finished with lime punning.

•

Damaged floral medallions situated immediately above the stone’s eaves were repaired and restored using rich traditional lime mortar and finished with a thin layer of lime punning on all four sides of the parapet.

•

Minarets on the external parapet were repaired and ornamental stucco patterns in the shaft of minarets were restored. Missing finials were fabricated based on the archival evidence were installed by master craftsmen.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

EXTERNAL FACADES The external surface below the projected stone eaves on principal facades of the mausoleum is embellished with highly ornate lime stucco including highly intricate floral medallions. Major portions of the medallions, arch mouldings, and stucco ornamentation were obfuscated with later added layers of cement. The wooden door shutters leading into the monument were found to be in a dilapidated condition.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Damaged medallions ornamental stucco around the arch

Stone lintels were installed on the southern and eastern

crowns, and lattice screens above the doors were restored

doorways after replacing the 20th century cracked wooden

using the existing design by master craftsmen.

planks situated above the doorways.

Repairs were carried out on the mouldings and capital bands of the external facades using rich traditional lime mortar.

•

Plastering with rich lime mortar was carried out on the blind

•

Wooden doors matching the historic designs were fabricated by the carpenter and were installed in the southern and eastern doorways.

arches situated at the base of the principal facade on all four sides.

Missing and damaged ornate stucco patterns on the external facade of the mausoleum were carefully restored by craftsmen 37

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

INTERNAL FACADES The internal surface below the internal dome on principal internal facades of the mausoleum is embellished with ornate lime stucco. Major portions of the battlements were missing, and floral medallions arch mouldings, and other stucco ornamentation were obfuscated with later added layers of cement. The internal surfaces also showed signs of seepage and visible signs of deterioration.

Before Conservation

After Conservation

ACTION TAKEN: •

Repairs on broken portions of the internal dome has been finished by master

recessed arch bays.

A total of 62 missing battlements were reconstructed in brick masonry, covered with lime plaster and finished with a layer of 1 mm thick lime punning layer.

•

20th century cement plaster and whitewash layers were removed from the spandrel, squinches, columns and the recessed arched bays present inside the internal mausoleum. Repairs have been carried out

Repairs on the lower projected blind arch

using traditional lime plaster and finished

galleries were carried out using rich lime

with a 1 mm thin layer of lime punning.

mortar and patination was gently scraped off using water and soft bristle brushes.

28 floral medallions were restored on the band situated above the spandrel of lower

craftsmen using traditional lime mortar.

•

battlements situated at the bottom of the

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

INTERNAL CEILING MEDALLION The ceiling medallion of the dome of the mausoleum was found to be partially damaged and the stucco ornamentation in several sections of the ceiling medallion were missing.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Pulverized lime plaster from the internal ceiling medallion was carefully removed and missing ornamental stucco was restored matching the existing evidence at site by master craftsmen using rich traditional lime mortar and finished with a 1 mm thin layer of lime punning. A total of 56 missing floral leaf patterns were restored based on the existing evidence at site.

â&#x20AC;˘

Restored stucco patterns were finished with a 1 mm thin layer of matured lime mixed with organic additives

Before Conservation

Final lime punning of the medallion

Restoring the ceiling medallion based on in-situ evidence

After Conservation

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

PLINTH Prior to conservation the existing vertical façade stones of the plinth were missing on three sides. The existing flooring on the plinth was non-existent and covered with plant overgrowth.

Installation of flooring on external plinth

Installation of hand-chiseled granite steps

Missing and collapsed vertical stone band along with the granite edging lining the top edge of the projected plinth were reinstate

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Vertical facade stones of the plinth were found missing or

edge of the projected plinth was installed on all four sides of

These missing and collapsed vertical stones of specified size

the plinth. •

30 mm thick granite stone flooring in approved layout and

and reinstated on the plinth.

appropriate gradient was laid on all four sides of the external

Hand chiseled stones of specified size and similar texture were

plinth.

prepared by stone craftsmen and installed as edging stones on the plinth of the mausoleum.

Six inches thick band of dressed granite edging lining the top

collapsed on three sides.

and similar texture were prepared by stone master craftsmen

•

Hand chiseled steps were installed below the eastern side of plinth to make the mausoleum accessible for visitors.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

FLOORING The existing flooring before conservation was 20th century cement concrete.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

â&#x20AC;˘

Dismantling of cement concrete laid inside the mausoleum

and appropriate gradient was installed inside the internal

was carried out to reveal the original floor levels and site

mausoleum. A three-inch-thick layer of lime concrete was laid

cleared of debris.

to serve as a sturdy base to support the stone flooring to be installed above.

30 mm thick granite stone flooring in approved layout

Dismantling of cement concrete

Laying of 30mm thick granite flooring on lime concrete base

IMPACT: Restoration of internal and external facades has helped in long term preservation of the monument by removal of 20th century cement thereby reducing the seepage of water on the monument. Installation of lime concrete on the terrace has stopped the water ingress into the structure coupled with installation of stone waterspouts, will prolong life of the mausoleum. Reinstatement of hand chiselled stone parapet on the perimeter edge of upper plinth and meticulous restoration of ornamental stucco, medallions and floral bands has reinvigorated the original architectural appearance as envisaged by the original builders.floral bands has reinvigorated the original architectural appearance as envisaged by the original builders.

NEXT STEPS: Completion of conservation works at Taramatiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum have led to reinstating the authenticity of the built fabric

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

06. Premamati’s Mausoleum As per folklore, it is said that Premamati and Taramati were prominent singer and dancer in the court of Abdullah Qutb Shah. Credible historical sources cite them as being Hindu converts to Shiite Islam and regularly married to Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah. H K Sherwani, author of History of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty states that “both of them are buried in regular Muslim graves in the royal necropolis and their tombs have “shapely” domes. Neither of them could have been “temporary wives” of the Sultan, for in such a case they would not have been the permanent and perhaps exclusive occupants of the palaces which go by their names. Gravestone of Premamati is inscribed with verses of Quran, which reads “From all eternity Premamati was a flower of Paradise”, and a chronogram indicating 1073/ 1662 AD as the year of her demise. The tomb stands to the north-west of Muhammad Qutb Shah’s tomb on a square plinth of side 25m. The tomb is single storeyed with three blind arches on each facade, ornamented with arch mouldings and intricate arch crown and medallions.

Supported by:

U.S. Ambassador’s Fund for Cultural Preservation 42

(Above) Southern and Western elevations of Premamati’s mausoleum; (Left) Before conservation view of Premamati’s mausoleum. The conservation works were preceded by high standards of documentation and focused on removal of 20th-century cement plaster followed by repairs using traditional lime mortar on the dome surface and principal facades.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

DOME: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL The dome of the mausoleum was dotted with patches made for supporting the wooden scaffolding erected during 20th century repairs. On inspection, the dome was found to be covered with a 4-6-inch-thick layer cement mortar thereby causing the original lime plaster below to disintegrate. The petal band below the dome were damaged in portions and the drum below was also finished with cement mortar and showed visible signs of deterioration.

ACTION TAKEN: •

The dome of this mausoleum was dotted with over 50 patches •

The petal band along the base of the dome was restored

that were made for supporting the wooden scaffolding

using rich traditional lime mortar and finished with a final

erected during repairs undertaken in the 20th century and

coat of lime punning.

were covered up with cement mortar. As with the Taramati’s mausoleum, all the holes were filled with rubble and lime

•

supporting the dome was dismantled.

mortar to prevent rainwater ingress. •

Scaffolding was erected around the dome and the 4-6 inches thick cement layer was carefully removed from the dome re-

Dilapidated lime plaster layer on the 16-sided drum

•

Repairs on the drum were done using traditional lime mortar.

•

20th century cement plaster and whitewash were dismantled

plastered with traditional lime plaster covering an area of over

from the internal dome. Plaster repairs on the dome were

10,000 square feet and subsequently, finished with a thin final

completed and finished with a 1 mm thin layer of lime putty

layer of lime punning.

mixed with organic additives.

Top of Finial +521.8

Top of Dome +517.6

Before Conservation

Top of Chajja +505.6

Top of Plinth +497.3

After Conservation 43

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ACTION TAKEN: •

20th century cement concrete was dismantled from the terrace.

•

Traditional lime concrete was laid on the terrace to appropriate slope to drain rainwater away from the monument. Ramming and curing were carried out continuously for a week to achieve smooth finish.

•

repaired with rubble masonry and rich traditional lime mortar.

Thick plant roots on the rainwater outlets below the

The terrace and existing rainwater spouts on terrace were cleaned before the monsoons.

•

Missing and damaged granite stone eaves were replaced with matching granite stone eaves that were prepared and installed on the eastern and northern parapet by stone craftsmen.

battlements were carefully removed and deep holes were

Dismantling of 20th century cement

Missing granite stone eaves replaced with matching stone

Ramming of the traditional lime concrete on terrace

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

PARAPET AND MINARETS Battlements on the parapet above the eaves were severely damaged and partly broken in many portions. Minarets on the parapet above the eaves were severely damaged and partly broken in many portions, with original finials missing on all the corner minarets.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Damaged battlements were restored on the parapets using lime mortar and finished with lime punning.

•

Damaged floral medallions situated immediately above the stone’s eaves were repaired and restored using rich traditional

•

lime mortar and finished with a thin layer of lime punning on all four sides of the parapet.

Installation of missing finial atop the minars and final lime punning of the battlements

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ACTION TAKEN: •

Plastering with rich lime mortar was carried out on the blind arches situated at the base of the principal facade on all four sides.

•

craftsmen. Repairs were carried out on the mouldings and capital bands

Stone lintels were installed on the southern and eastern doorways after replacing the 20thcentury cracked wooden

Damaged medallions and ornamental stucco around the arch crowns were restored using the existing design by master

•

of the external facades using rich traditional lime mortar.

planks situated above the doorways. •

Wooden doors matching the historic designs were fabricated by the carpenter and installed in the southern and eastern doorways.

20th century cement repairs on the decorative elements on the spandrel were carefully dismantled, and restored in traditional lime mortar as per site evidence 46

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

INTERNAL FACADES The internal surface below the internal dome on principal internal facades of the mausoleum is embellished with ornate lime stucco. Major portions of the battlements below the dome were missing, and arch mouldings, were obfuscated with later added layers of cement. The existing flooring before conservation was 20th century cement concrete.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Repairs on broken portions of the battlements situated at

•

the bottom of the internal dome has been finished by master craftsmen using traditional lime mortar. •

Repairs were carried out using traditional lime plaster and finished with a 1 mm thin layer of lime punning.

•

30 mm thick granite stone flooring was installed inside

20 century cement plaster and whitewash layers were

the mausoleum in accordance to an approved layout and

removed from the spandrel, squinches, columns and the

appropriate gradient on the external plinth is ongoing.

recessed arched bays present inside the internal mausoleum.

Restoration of capital band in lime plaster

•

Installation of granite stone flooring

After Conservation 47

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

INTERNAL CEILING MEDALLION The ceiling medallion of the dome of the mausoleum was found to be partially damaged and the stucco ornamentation in several sections of the ceiling medallion were missing.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Pulverized lime plaster from the ceiling medallion was

•

Ceiling plaster of internal dome was found to be in a

carefully removed and missing ornamental stucco was

dilapidated condition due to water seepage and had to be

restored matching the existing evidence at site.

removed.

Traces of black colour were revealed in groves and recessed

•

Repairs were carried out using traditional lime mortar and

portions of the ceiling medallion, moulding bands and

finished with 1 mm thin layer of matured lime putty applied

ornamental architectural elements inside the mausoleum

by lime craftsmen.

and a matching natural colourant was applied in the missing portions.

Before Conservation

After Conservation

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

PLINTH Prior to conservation the existing vertical façade stones of the plinth were missing on all four sides. The existing flooring on the plinth was non-existent and covered with plant overgrowth.

ACTION TAKEN: •

Vertical façade stones of the plinth were found missing or

•

collapsed. •

Six inches thick band of dressed granite edging lining the top edge of the projected were installed on all four sides.

The missing and collapsed vertical stones on the plinth were reinstated.

•

Missing hand chiselled steps were installed below the eastern side of plinth to make the mausoleum accessible for visitors.

Stone craftsmen fixing the hand chiselled granite blocks lining the plinth of Premamati’s mausoleum.

IMPACT: Restoration of internal and external facades has helped in long term preservation of the monument by removal of 20th century cement thereby reducing the seepage of water on the monument. Installation of lime concrete on the terrace has stopped the water ingress into the structure coupled with installation of stone waterspouts, will prolong life of the mausoleum. Reinstatement of hand chiselled stone parapet on the perimeter edge of upper plinth and meticulous restoration of ornamental stucco, medallions and floral bands has reinvigorated the original architectural appearance as envisaged by the original builders.

NEXT STEPS: Completion of Conservation works on Hayat Bakshi Mausoleum has led to the honoring the intention of the original builders and reinstating the architectural authenticity

497.8

TOILETS

Steps

1155

455

600

4525

1325

TOMB

1000

600

1000

Mosqu

496.3

Steps

496.5

℄

TOM TOP 520.2 TOPV 497.3 496.55 ℄ Steps

495.50

Steps

C OF TO /L MB

Sultan

522.1 TOP ℄ TOPV 497.3 496.25

℄TOM

Tomb of℄ Premav ati

℄

Steps

utb Sh

To Muhammb of mad Q

TOM 538.5 TOP TOPV 497.5 495.60

C/L OF TO ℄

+496.4

Steps

℄

Landscape scheme around the mausoleum of Mohd. Qutb Shah. Enclosing pathway around the mausoleum is built incorporating the earth level differences on north and west side. 's Tom 495.5 494.5

Hakim TOP TOPV

° 90

℄

495.5 494.5

TOMB TOP TOPV

℄

Mosque

℄

Fountain

° 90

REF L IN PARA E- RAa LLEL TO R1

House

3455

+496.8

Tomb

℄

Steps

° 90

anders

Comm

Fountain

Mosque

4840

455

1155

1550

Begum Hyat Baksh

TOM TOP TOPV

90 °

July 2019

Scale 1 : 200

13-01

QSTC LC

DRAWING

LANDSCAPE PLAN

WITH EXISTING LEVELS

SULTAN QULI QUTUB SHAH GARDEN ENCLOSURE LANDSCAPE PHASE 02

HYDERABAD, INDIA

QUTUB SHAHI TOMBS COMPLEX ARCHAELOGICAL PARK

A GA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

D EPARTMENT OF ARCHAELOGY & MUSEUMS

QULI QUTAB SHAH URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, HYDERABAD

Fatima Sultana

21510

50 21390

Tomb of Taramati

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

90 °

3800 1900 1900

1620

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

07. Muhammad Qutb

Shah’s Mausoleum

Supported by: SWADESH DARSHAN SCHEME

Landscape development in the area around the mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah, Hayat Bakshi Begum, Taramati and Premamati was finalized and the layout was marked at site in accordance to the approved landscape layout.

ACTION TAKEN: •

The existing 6-meter-wide plinth protection around the

Muhammad Qutb Shah for accommodating level differences

mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah was removed and

as per the landscape proposal.

trimmed down to 3-meter width as per the landscape master plan. •

mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah.

side of mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah. •

the laying of plinth protection for twin tombs of Taramati and

Muhammad Qutb Shah. •

Toe walls in random rubble masonry were constructed for stepped platform situated to the west of mausoleum of

Pathways enclosing the mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah are being constructed as per the landscape masterplan

Premamati. •

Grading of earth as per the landscape masterplan has been carried out on the western side of the mausoleum of

The existing cement concrete around the plinth of mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah was recycled during

Tandur stones were laid for the pathways connecting western edge of Hakims tomb to the pathway situated to the eastern

Granite slabs for plinth protection were installed in accordance to the approved layout around the plinth of

•

on the east, north and south sides. •

Local grass is being laid in the demarcated soft areas.

100 mm thick granite stones being realigned at original levels.

50 mm thick Tandur stones being installed on pathways.

steps with planters being built to accommodate the level drop on the west side.

local grass being planted on south side of the mausoleum 51

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Step-Wells/ Baolis Qutb Shahi Heritage Park has seven step-wells that were built here to collect rain water to irrigate the orchards that are now being replanted. Baolis spread across the 106 acre necropolis. These historic step wells are the primary source of water for the irrigation of garden surrounding the royal tombs. While the Badi Baoli has been conserved, work is yet to commence on five large Baolis located prominently alongside the monuments of Idgah, Hamam, Jamshed Quli Qutb Shah’s mausoleum, Commander’s mausoleum. All of these are in urgent need of repair and revival as rainwater harvesting structures. The conservation work at baoli’s represents an important interface with the community, as they assemble at the Idgah twice in a year, nearly 60 thousand, during the festival of Eid. Based upon an in-depth analysis of scientific investigations, architectural documentation, archival research and detailed photographic surveys, conservation works would be commenced on the other baolis in the park. (Above) View of the Badi Baoli after conservation; (Left) Baoli to west of Jamshed Quli’s mausoleum; (Center) Baoli to north of Hanam; (Right) Baoli to east of Ibrahim’s Tomb

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

08. Rainwater Harvesting (Above) Conservation of the Badi Baoli, after its collapse in 2013, required over 4000 mandays of work required to clear the Baoli of collapsed masonry, under extremely dangerous conditions but the reconstruction of 600 cu.m. of stone masonry has led to an annual collection of 3 million litres of water - now used for irrigation and conservation works.

The AKTC project at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park commenced with the restoration of a collapsed baoli, which today is a major attraction for visitors to the site. The proposed five structures are in a relatively better state of preservation. Conservation works on the five stepwells will ensure structural integrity is restored with missing portions rebuilt, works using traditional materials, building crafts will reveal the original architectural appearance, reverse the damage caused due to neglect and vegetation. These step-wells were built over a century and represent a varied architectural style and together form a very important ensemble of water related structures within one complex. Historically, these five stepwells would have collected almost 15 million liters of rainwater during the monsoonsâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; water required for irrigation for the remainder of the year. Thus these important monuments also played a major role in maintaining the ecological balance and sustaining the biodiversity. These five structures comprise a major attraction at this tentative World Heritage Site. Their conservation would lead to greater visitor interest and numbers and also set an example for conservation of traditional water harvesting structures as a means to address Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water shortage.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

III

Garden Enclosures

Archaeological excavations revealed the extent of the enclosure wall surrounding the mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb and disputed the legend that the Mughal dynasty was the first to have introduced the concept of their mausoleums set in the center of elaborate gardens. The enclosure wall was originally standing to the west of Muhammad Quliâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tomb. The wall of 560m length has a lower surface of dressed granite stone, with a coping band. The arcade originally extended over the whole square. Floral arch crowns are visible over the original arched and a horizontal projected moulding is present below the simple battlements. Portions of similar enclosure wall surrounding the garden enclosures of Mausoleums of Muhammad Qutb Shah and Hayat Bakshi Begun are present at the site. The enclosure surrounding the tombs of Muhammad Qutb and Hayat Bakshi consist of a line of blind arches. The arches are surrounded by rectilinear bands. A projecting horizontal band at the top of the surface is topped by simple battlements. Few remnants of the enclosure wall surrounding the enclosure of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum with a series of truncated blind arches is visible on the southern periphery of the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park. 57

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Tomb of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah

Tomb of Sultan Quli Qutb Shah

Tomb of Subhan Quli Qutb Shah

Tomb of Kulsoom Begum

Tomb of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah

Enclosure wall of Tomb of Jamshed

Sultan Quli Qutb’s

Quli Qutb Shah

Garden-Tomb

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

09. Sultan Quli Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum- Garden

(Above) Aerial View showing the garden enclosure of Mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb Shah. Tomb of Jamshed Quli and Kulsum Begum were built later within the enclosure. Ibrahim Quli’s mausoleum also has remains of another enclsoure wall built in ashlar stone masonry with truncated arches.

The discovery of the 16th century enclosure wall and reconstruction of the arcade in portions above the wall beneath through 2017-18, established a sense of enclosure and formality to the tomb gardens. The north east corner of the garden enclosure, however, was largely obfuscated with the addition of modern layers to the extent of creation of modern garden features. Landscape works here commenced with the financial support of the Swadesh Darshan Grant in partnership with Department of Heritage Telangana, Govt. of Telangana and were implemented by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture. The landscape work is being supported by Swadesh Darshan Grant, Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India. Reinstatement of the enclosure wall on the north east portion shall mark the completion of the restoration of mausoleum of Sultan Quli’s garden enclosure. This shall help envisage the enclosed garden which was largely disturbed in recent years thus establishing the intent of the original builder.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

Modern brick pedestals with concrete lattice screens, modern

•

reinstated on the base establishing the north east section of

century was removed.

the garden enclosure.

Excavations were carefully carried out to trace the original portions of the historic stone wall.

•

The dressed vertical stones along with coping on top were

concrete bridge and water channel built during the 20

•

Stone masonry walls were raised in portions where no evidence of the wall or wall base were found.

Hand chiseled dressing of stones of matching texture were undertaken for preparation of the vertical stones for the wall and the coping.

(Left) Reconstruction of missing north-eastern portion of historic enclosure wall encapsulating the mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb; (Right) proposed reconstruction of a portion of arcade to highlight the historic enclosure wall surrounding the mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb; (Bottom) Completion of the enclosure wall of Sultan Quli Qutb Shah’s Mausoleum-Garden.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

10. Muhammad Qutb

Shahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mausoleum GARDEN ENCLOSURE Repairs on existing arcade was followed by reconstruction of the four arches on the north-west corner situated abutting Taramatiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mausoleum, establishing a sense of enclosure and formality to the mausoleum of Muhammad Qutb Shah. The north east corner of the garden enclosure, however, was largely obfuscated with the addition of modern materials like cement to the extent of disfiguring the historic wall surface.

Removal of 20th century cement and damaged plaster from the wall surface

Replastering of the wall surface and repairs on the arches using traditional lime mortar

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

Extensive plant roots and vegetation was removed from the wall surface and voids filled with rubble masonry and rich lime mortar.

•

portions where original battlements were found to be missing. •

Plinth protection was installed along the length of the restored enclosure wall as per the landscape masterplan.

Excavations were carefully carried out to trace the original

Four arches were reconstructed in on the north-west corner

portions of the historic stone wall.

matching the existing in-situ evidence.

Re-plastering of damaged wall surfaces was carried out by craftsmen in traditional lime mortar and finished with a 1 mm thin layer of slaked lime added with organic additives.

•

Missing battlements in stone masonry walls were raised in

NEXT STEPS: •

Plinth protection abutting the enclosure wall situated to further west of Mosque situated at the south-western corner of Taramati’s mausoleum will be laid and finished with Tandur stones to gradient as per the landscape plan.

•

Appropriate earth grading shall be carried out adjacent to the plinth protection being installed along the extent of enclosure wall.

•

Repairs of damaged portions on the enclosure wall will be carried out using rich traditional lime mortar by master craftsmen.

Repairs on the arches using traditional lime mortar; Repair and reconstruction of battlements was carried out

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Before Conservation

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

11. Taramati & Premamatiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mausoleum

Proposed landscape plan for the mausoleums of Taramati and Premamati

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

After Conservation

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Base work for the plinth protection around the mausoleums

•

Several interconnected manholes were constructed to

of Taramati and Premamati were completed. 100 mm thick

channel rainwater from the upper terrain behind Taramati’s

granite stones labs were installed around the mausoleums.

mausoleum to the nearest baoli.

Rubble masonry steps on the eastern edge of the mausoleum •

Edging stone along the plinth protection for the mausoleum

of Taramati were constructed as per the design specified in

of Taramati was installed.

the landscape masterplan.

(Below) Installation of edging stones along the recently constructed pathways being carried out along with the channelizing of rainwater for landscaping

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Mosques & Mausoleums

Multiple single-story tombs are situated in the south-west corner of the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park. These structures were built prior to the death of the person buried their size was dependent on the status of the individual building the tomb. Small tomb structures comprising a single chamber of low height with openings on all four sides and covered with a shallow, almost flat dome. Several of these smaller tombs have an arcaded verandah on all four sides, enclosing an octagonal internal mausoleum chamber with a terrace over it giving the tomb structure a stepped appearance. Though each arcaded bay of the verandah is roofed by a vault, there exists a usable flat roof above. These tomb types are covered with a bulbous dome. There are 23 mosques within the site and all mosque structures are of a small scale indicating that these are essentially mosque structures attached to graves and tombs. All mosques are similar in plan and design, these being rectangular structures with an arcaded eastern side. Internally, the mosques are usually divided into three bays with each bay roofed with a shallow/flat dome. The facade of these mosques is marked by ornate parapets and multitiered corner parapet minarets capped by smaller dome shapes and shaft of the minarets is embellished with stucco details. 65

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

12. Hakims’& Commander’s Mausoleum

(Above) Conservation of the twin mausoleums of Hakims and abutting mausoleum of Commander was carried out by master craftsmen – stone carvers, stucco plasterers, masons, carpenters, and has generated over 6000 man-days of work

The conservation work on the twin mausoleums was completed towards the end of 2018 and opened for public in January 2019. Landscape development works were carried out simultaneously. The area to the south of Commander’s mausoleum forms a significant junction between the landscape development being done on one end to connect to the major access path from the main entrance plaza, cutting across the lake from Deccan Park area into the tombs complex. A detailed garden layout has been developed for this area incorporating the levels as well as the axial pathways from Deccan Park leading to the main approach pathway up to the mausoleum of Sultan Quli – the point of origin of the Tombs complex.

Supported by:

SWADESH DARSHAN

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Stone masonry walls are being built on the south side as per

•

of Fatima Sultana and Hayat Bakshi Begum were laid on

accommodate the varying levels.

the eastern and western edge as per landscape proposal. They were finished with 50 mm thick Tandur stones as per

Layout of the main plaza to the south was carried out and

approved pattern.

excavation works and the construction of brick retaining walls are being undertaken. •

On the north side, pathways connecting to the mausoleums

the landscape proposal with ramp access on the south east to

PCC for the base of pathways of plaza is being laid.

•

Earth grading on the north side of the mausoleums is being carried out for laying of local grass.

(Top) Pathways were built connecting Fatima’s mausoleum to Commander’s mausoleum; (Bottom) Construction of steps as part of the plaza south of Commander’s mausoleum 67

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

℄ +495.3

T.O.PLINTH +495.104

+494.125 T.O.W

EX LEVEL +494.24

+494.125 +493.225

+493.75 T.O.W

SLOPE DN

+493.225

+493.375 T.O.W

+493.75 T.O.W

+493.375

+493.360

+493.375 T.O.W

+493.360

+493.225

EX LEVEL +493.80

+493.225

100 MM THK. P.C.C

100 MM THK. HARDCORE GRASS SLOPE

LOCAL STONE WALL

+492.95

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

BRICKWORK DEPTH VARIES AS PER SHEET ROCK

100 MM THK. P.C.C

+493.07

+493.10

200 x 200 LOCAL STONE EDGING HAND DRESSED FINISH

+493.00

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

EX LEVEL +494.16

+494.125 T.O.W

+493.75

100 MM THK. HARDCORE

GRASS

PAVING

GRASS

LOCAL STONE WALL

PAVING

SECTION X1 SCALE 1:50

3205

1125 (3x375)

2475

1125 (3x375)

4870

1125 (3x375)

4870

℄

+494.125 T.O.W +493.75 T.O.W +493.375 T.O.W +493.00

+492.970

SLOPE

+493.375

+493.00

+493.75 5

+493.75

4645

+494.125 8

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE 50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE 50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

100 MM THK. P.C.C 100 MM THK. HARDCORE

100 MM THK. P.C.C

FOR REFERENCE +493.00

100 MM THK. P.C.C EX LEVEL +493.22

100 MM THK. P.C.C

+494.09

SLOPE

100 MM THK. HARDCORE EX LEVEL +493.80

100 MM THK. HARDCORE

100 MM THK. HARDCORE PAVING

PAVING

STEPS

PAVING

STEPS

PAVING

SECTION X2 SCALE 1:50

3200

1770

6000

℄

+494.125 T.O.W

EX LEVEL +493.94 +493.375 T.O.W +493.00

+494.125

SLOPE 1 IN 16

+493.75 SLOPE 1 IN 16

+493.375

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

SLOPE 1 IN 16

+493.00

+492.970

SLOPE

+493.75 T.O.W

EX LEVEL +494.24

100 MM THK. P.C.C 100 MM THK. HARDCORE

EX LEVEL +492.72

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

FOR REFERENCE +493.00

100 MM THK. P.C.C

100 MM THK. HARDCORE

100 MM THK. HARDCORE RAMP DN

PAVING

RAMP DN

SECTION X3 SCALE 1:50

3310

EX LEVEL +494.16

1000

2000

3000

+494.125 T.O.W

3000

EX LEVEL +493.80

SLOPE 1 IN 16

3000

200

3000

℄

+493.75 T.O.W

SLOPE 1 IN 16

+493.225

SLOPE 1 IN 16

+493.375 T.O.W

EX LEVEL +493.22

+492.970

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

FOR REFERENCE +493.00

PLINTH PROTECTION

GRASS SLOPE

GRASS FLAT

GRASS SLOPE

GRASS FLAT

+493.00

SLOPE

+492.85

100 MM THK. P.C.C GRASS SLOPE

GRASS FLAT

PAVING

GRASS FLAT

100 MM THK. HAR

SECTION X4 SCALE 1:50

A stepped garden was designed at area south of the Commander’s Mausoleum incorporating the difference in levels. This garden serves as an important junction between the main pathway from the main entrance leading to the east processional pathway of mausoleum of Sultan Quli Qutb Shah

℄

+494.125 T.O.W +493.75 T.O.W +493.375 T.O.W SLOPE

+492.970

SLOPE

+493.00

+493.375 1

+493.375

+493.75 4

+493.75

+494.125 7

50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE 50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE 100 MM THK. P.C.C 100 MM THK. HARDCORE

PAVING

SLOPE

50 MM TH TANDOOR STON 50 MM THK. TANDOOR STONE

PAVING

STEPS

100 MM THK. P.C.C 100 MM THK. HARDCORE

STEPS PAVING

100 MM THK. P.C.C 100 MM THK. HARDCORE

100 MM THK. P.C.

100 MM THK. HARDCOR STEPS

PAVIN

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

GRASS SLOPE

1875 (5x375)

3000

+495.30 T.O.PLINTH

+495.104

SLOPE

+494.125

EX LEVEL +494.16

STEPS

2460

SLOPE

+494.095

SLOPE

PAVING

QULI QUTAB SHAH URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, HYDERABAD

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAELOGY & MUSEUMS GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

AGA K HAN TRUST FOR CULTURE

QUTUB SHAHI TOMBS COMPLEX ARCHAELOGICAL PARK

HYDERABAD, INDIA

SULTAN QULI QUTUB SHAH GARDEN ENCLOSURE PHASE 02

RDCORE

Commander Tomb Special Garden Detail Landscape Section Scale : 1:50 November 2019 QSTC wd

15-04

+495.104

+494.095

SLOPE

+495.30 T.O.PLINTH

+494.125

HK. NE

RE STEPS

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

13. Completion Ceremony of Conservation Works

Supported by:

The highly ornate mausoleums of Hakims and Commander were built in the 17th century are amongst the few prominent mausoleums in the Qutb Shahi necropolis built for non-royals. All three structures are profusely ornamented with stucco plaster and their majestic domes topped by copper finials. Conservation works on these three structures were carried out through 2017-2018 and were preceded with a 3D laser scanning that allowed a precise condition assessment of these significant monuments. Conservation works carried out by master craftsmen using traditional materials â&#x20AC;&#x201C; lime mortar and stone and traditional building tools and techniques were supervised by a multi-disciplinary AKTC team. Over 15000 man-days of work were carried out by stone carvers, masons, plasterers, and stucco plaster specialist craftsmen.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Sri B. Venkatesham, IAS, Secretary, Government of

stone blocks for the Hakim’s Tombs – carefully matching

Telangana kindly agreed to Preside at the completion

the original. Each of the minarets at Hakim’s mausoleums

ceremony for conservation works on Hakim’s and

parapet were reconstructed to restore historic

Commander’s Mausoleum on 4 January 2018 in the

architectural character.

presence of Ms. Karin Stoll, Consul General, Consulate of the Federal Republic of Germany, Chennai.

Conservation works on the 80 monuments that stand within the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park commenced in

Stucco works were missing or cemented over were

January 2013 following a MoU between the Department

restored in traditional lime mortar; similarly missing

of Heritage, Government of Telangana and Aga Khan Trust

copper finial of Hakim’s tomb required to be restored to

for Culture. For the Conservation effort at Hakim’s and

the structure. Everywhere, 20th century cement plaster

Commander’s mausoleum, the support to AKTC by the

was carefully and scientifically removed. Removal

Federal Republic of Germany is part of Germany’s Cultural

of cement also revealed hidden layers of mouldings

Preservation Programme and has been provided through

and stucco ornamentation. The cement plinths of the

the Consulate General of the in Chennai. Conservation

monuments have been replaced with traditional granite

works on the other monuments within the Qutb Shahi

stone blocks – to ensure long term preservation of the

Heritage Park will continue up till 2023.

structure. Stone carvers were required to create missing

Ms. Karin Stoll, Consul General, Consulate of the Federal Republic of Germany, Chennai, Mr. B. Venkatesham, IAS, Secretary, Government of Telangana, Ms. N.R.Visalatchy, Director, Department of Heritage, Government of Telangana and Mr. Ratish Nanda, Chief Executive Officer, Aga Khan Trust for Culture visited the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park to mark the completion of the conservation efforts at the twin mausoleums of Hakims and Commander. Multidisciplinary team of Aga Khan Trust for Culture explained the conservation works carried out at the mausoleums to visiting dignitaries. 71

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ADAPTIVE REUSE

14. Hamam: Serai eastern courtyard view

(Above) Proposed design for the office space for the Department of Heritage Telangana, Govt of Telangana

hamam sara

vir.mueller architect

Archival images from the 1860s revealed that the north and eastern wings of the arcade were missing and these were reconstructed in 2017-18. In 2019, plaster repairs using lime mortar, installation of stone inside arcade were followed by the installation of a glass facade held together by metal sections. Glass facade will cover the reconstructed arcade overlooking the internal courtyard and this space will be reused as the new office and an archive library for historic documents of the Department of Heritage, Government of Telangana.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Work at the reconstructed arched corridors of the proposed

•

department office and exhibition space is in progress and the

erected at one of the internal arches as sample for approval.

brick shuttering supporting the arches was removed.

Following approval, works are being undertaken for erection of similar skin to develop the space as site office for the

The arch facades were plastered using lime plaster and

Department of Heritage.

finished with a thin coat of lime punning both internally and externally, and all the moulding bands and ornamental arch crowns added in accordance to the design. •

Façade skin comprising of steel members and glass was

•

The earth in the courtyard has been duly graded as per the landscape proposal.

The flooring pattern of the proposed department office and exhibition space was finalized and installed in accordance to the approved layout and appropriate slope.

NEXT STEPS: Installation of glass panels in between the vertically erected steel members will be carried out in 2020.

The arch facades were plastered after removal of brick shuttering

Sample facade skin for the proposed office space

Installation of flooring inside the arcade

Grading of earth in the courtyard 75

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

15. Hamam: Forecourt The south faรงade of the Hamam including the Serai spans over a length of 100 metres with varying internal floor levels. Cement concrete in enormous quantities was laid in the 20th century along the southern edge of the entire structure thereby altering the original ground levels. To accommodate the 2.0 metre drop of internal flooring from the west to the eastern edge of the faรงade, plinth protection and pathways on the forecourt for this structure with connecting ramps and plaza were proposed. The aqueduct running from the west to the east on the southern side of Hamam was decided to be covered partially and exposed towards the east side.

IMPACT: Development of Hamam forecourt would provide proper access to Hamam, Serai and the proposed office space. Original levels of Hamam were revealed enhancing the grandeur of the monument. Water draining towards the aqueduct would ensure adequate surface water drainage which would eventually be collected in the Badi Baoli, thus conserving water for future use.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

300 mm thick cement concrete was dismantled and excess

rough granite with the top level being a minimum 150 mm

earth from the edge of the structure was removed.

below the original internal flooring level.

The entrances to the Hamam Serai were marked and

•

connected with a ramp having an appropriate gradient for barrier free access. Base works were carried out for plinth protection. •

•

Walls were built on both sides of the aqueduct, 150 mm away from the edge, covered with 100 mm thick granite slabs at the western portion and exposed on the east.

•

Base work for the access pathway and interconnections to the

The 6.4 M wide plinth protection was finished with 100

central garden north of mausoleum of Mohammed Quli Qutb

mm thick natural rough granite stones and a 1.0 M wide

Shah were completed with brick retaining walls and concrete

interconnection of similar finish in graded profile. The

in-between.

stones were graded towards the aqueduct for surface water discharge. •

Peepal tree abutting the monument.

Hand chiseled dressed stone steps were installed at the entrance to the Serai.

Retaining walls were built around the holding earth of the

•

Grading of earth along the pathway and plinth protection were carried out as per the landscape proposal.

The plinth protection of Hamam was finished with natural

Repairs on the aqueduct discovered on removal of filled earth

Ramp built for ease of access to the serai

6.4 meters wide plinth protection was finished with 100 mm thick natural rough granite stones with the grading towards the aqueduct. Care was taken that the historic water channel running at the south of Hamam is not affected and is being covered with granite stone slabs

NEXT STEPS: •

The pathways shall be finished with 50 mm thick Tandur stones.

•

Base work for the entrance court to the Hamam shall be undertaken and completed with 100 mm thick natural granite stones laid to appropriate pattern and slope as per the landscape proposal.

•

Local grass shall be laid in the areas between the pathways and plinth protection.

•

A catch basin shall be built on the eastern edge of the aqueduct, connected to Badi Baoli for surface water collection. 77

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

+500.07

+501.00 +501.15 T.O.W.

+499.99

+500.02

2770

S45

LWD 11 -06 CONCR

SLOPE 1 IN 400

450

500

+499.9

3100

12725

ROAD

IN SLO 1 IN 45 PE

ETE ROAD

LWD 11 4 -06

1565

865 200

500

+500.02

+499.82 5

+499.87

450MM THK. WA LL ALONG THE PAT IN SLOPE H 500mm WID CHANNE E OPEN L DRAIN

+500.2

500.094

500.409

+500.17 5 T.O.W.

500.013

499.968

499.991

499.926

+499.97

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500.097

500.172

499.971 499.948 +499.90

600 200

400

9.5

1100

900

500.208200

+500.1 75 T.O.W

500.143

5525

GRASS SLOPE 1 IN 12.0

+499.9

+499.52

5 +499.500

1100

200

9.1

+498.98

RAMP DN SLOPE 1 IN 12.0

+499.51

2620 +49

9.385

GRASS

+499.01

6000 GRASS

+498.8

12835

450

+499.415

+499.91

+498.9

+499.52

+499.00

5075

200

+499.00

+499.87

500.438

1475

+499.11

4425

+49

2740

IN SLO 1 IN 12.0 PE

.1 00

UCT +498.67 5 T.O. AQ UED

400 MM WIDE DRAIN CHANNE L

+498.86

500

200 1485

200

4015

600

SLOPE

+499.48

2950

9060

900

1800

750

9.4

1150 2685

575

GRASS

1 IN 10.4 500x11 50, 75 THK. GRAN ITE ST ONE PA VING 50 THK. COVER GRANITE ST ONE AS PE R DE TAIL +499.36 0

+499.51

5 284 0

+498.4

500.142

375

+499.51 +498.38

191

2 1 T= 375 R=125

950

4345

200

1000

2550

600 +499.875

499.171 5

5200

200

SLOPE 1 IN 100

600

+500.02

3200

2750

+499.50

499.29 499.257 +499.02

+499.00 T.O. W

GE WALL

499.649 499.494 499.594 499.255 +498.90

2620

HERITA

+499.47

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499.465 499.463

499.365 499.356

9.7

+500.00

2700

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+499.46

1920 499.457 499.436 500 00 200 +499.40

+499.8

500.003 500.008

750

EXISTING

ENTRY T= 375 R=150

9500

+499.36

GRASS SLOPE 1 IN 12.0

2 1

7080

+499.81 499.602 499.455 0 +499.52

+499.50 T.O. W

1900

200

+500.00 T.O. W

499.991 500.03

500.382

+500.00

499.516 499.492 1940

950

+499.97

1000

499.717 499.69 +49 9.9 +50 0.025 499.722 500.464

500.435 2565

500.014

2550

499.595 499.533

RAMP UP

600

9.6

9365

+500.02

+499.8

499.624 499.605 499.608 IN 12 499.581363

499.785

DRAIN PATH TYP E-02 REFER DETAIL

500.025 500.005

980 200

GRASS SLOPE 1 IN 10.4

9.9 7155 3

TRENCH

1500

200

+499.80

500.095

+499.5

UCT

5200

499.998

500.004

499.657 499.817

525

3000

499.732

499.683 499.645

2950

1800

499.788

SLOPE 1 IN 100

+500.00 +499.97

SLOPE 1 IN 100

499.7

+499.07 5 T.O. AQ UED

5335

+499.3 90

+499.82

GRASS IN SLO 1 IN 40.5 PE (SLOPE TO BE ADJ AS PER SITE CON USTED DITION)

499.789 499.764

00 +499.5 60

499.824

S43

PROPOS 1 IN 12 ED RAMP SLOPE

+499.6

+499.95 5

LWD 11 -06

400 MM WIDE OPE DRAIN CHANNE N L

2950

PATH TYP E-02 REFER DETAIL

REF. LIN EEDGE OF A PERPEN THE PATH DICULA HERITA R TO EX GE WA ISTING LL

9.8

0.2

+499.85

500.085

9.600

+499.5 75

3340

500.014

500.123 +49

+499.6 10 +499.6 20

0.0 50

450

500

+499.75

27390

C/L OF

+499.90

GRASS

500.246

200

+500.67 5

PATH IN SLO 1 IN 40.5 PE

THE GA TE

3100

499.242 2

+499.87

499.222

900

1 IN 400 2465

SLOPE

0.035 +500.02 5

1100

+500.70

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499.414 +50 GRASS

200

+499.85

+499.80

S40

1100

+500.85 T.O.W.

+500.67

+499.500

+499.07

9.6

SLOPE 1 IN 45

+499.20

+499.15

+500.00

The Hamam Forecourt: Following removal of the 30 cm thick cement concrete running west to east along the southern facade of Hamam and the adjoining Serai, plinth protection was carefully designed. Entry courts at strategic points of Hamam and the Serai were provided with connecting slopes to provide barrier free access. Grass slopes along the graded pathways were provided with drainage leading to the historic aqueduct. The existing historic Banyan Tree adjoining the main structure has been carefully retained and incorporated in the design.

2550 200

S37

E PATH TYPE -2 IN TAN DOOR STONE 200mm X 200mm EDGIN G

LWD 11 -03

S36

2.95M WID

REF. LIN EC/L of the 03 Entry

500.299 500.312

REF. LIN EC/L of the 02 Entry

S41

LWD 11 -5

0.2

500.432

REF. LIN EPARALL 01 EL TO EX HERITA ISTING GE WA LL

+499.35

200

+499.47

9.7

+499.50

2550

500.134

2.1M WI

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

LWD 11 -7

9.1

498.234

PROPOS STEPS ED

S42

â&#x201E;&#x201E; 600

+499.2 95 ENTRY +499.2

+498.4

450

11950

3 49

+497.72

3820 1300

+497.70

8465

+497.68

497.792 497.566

S34

LWD 1 1-05

11320

+497.5

+498.60 T.O. W

LWD 1 1-06

S34 a

+498.6

+499.05

0 +498.6

5255

+499.05 SLOPE 1 IN 45

+498.92

+498.6

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

+498.5

AGA K HAN TRUST FOR CULTURE

+498.45

+498.5

497.32

+498.5

497.433

QUTUB SHAHI TOMBS COMPLEX ARCHAELOGICAL PARK HYDERABAD, INDIA

+498.425

SULTAN QULI QUTUB SHAH GARDEN ENCLOSURE LANDSCAPE PART PLAN HAMMAM AREA

A portion of an aqueduct was exposed south of Hamam as a part of the landscape masterplan

Scale 1 : 100

REF. LIN EC/L of the 04 Column

LAWN

SEAT

RING SH RUBS/ SMALL TREES

REF. LIN E-

2100

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAELOGY & MUSEUMS

FLOWE

S39

IDE ATH

LARGE

S38

6750 2550

LWD 11 -03

2100

QULI QUTAB SHAH URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, HYDERABAD

+498.47

LWD 11 -03

REF. LIN EC/L of the 05 Entry

+499.92

S40

LWD 11 -04

+497.66

GRASS

4655

+498.5

+497.78 T.O. AQ UEDUC

+497.56 T= 375 R=125 UP

+499.07

715

3120

GRASS 1200

8.9

9.2

+497.68

3975

PATH TYP E-02 REFER DETAIL

+499.07

UCT

497.747

497.8

497.964

PIPE CO @2.0 m NNECTION c/c

0306

+499.10

SITTIN G AREA

+498.62 250

+497.56

+497.590

49 9.4 7

3800

13820

IN SLO 1 IN 12.0 PE

+499.10

+499.02

UCT

900

GRASS

11250

+497.66

+497.51

2550

+497.70

498.056 7430

SLOPE 1 IN 400

250 MM DRAIN WIDE, 50 MM CH DEEP 400 MM ANNEL THK. WA LL

+497.68

9900

+499.00 T.O. W

+498.4

1100

+498.385

GRASS

+499.06

+497.66

175

+498.915

850

PAVIN IN GRAN G ITE

200

5050

+498.64

RAMP DN SLOPE 1 IN 12.0

11950

3200

+497.55

ENTRY

14820

2825

+498.51

+498.38

400 MM WIDE OPEN CHANNE L +497.66

+498.510

6000 14720 GRASS IN SLO 1 IN 12.0 PE

+497.56

8.8

2870

8.4

200

ENTRY

+497.56

600

+498.88

+498.48

1000

+497.97 5 T.O. AQ UED

2195

200

625

1475

+498.46

+498.48

+497.57

498.6

+498.18 0 T.O.AQ UED

+499.01

498.839

RAMP DN SLOPE 1 IN 12.0

9100

498.657

GRASS SLOPE 1 IN 10.7

+498.37

1300

+498.47

200

3200

99.010

+498.47 5 +498.46 5

9.4

499.001

300 MM WIDE DRAIN CHANNE L

+498.36

+498.60 T.O. W

1300

+498.86

3800

+497.7 +497.70

250

+498.40

850

5500

200

565 200

+497.8

2550

+498.97

4850

+498.49 5 T.O.AQ UED

1 IN 10.8

+498.98

600

UCT

499.0GRASS SLOPE

+499.1

+498.52

498.824

1000

SLOPE 1 IN 100

200

8070

SLOPE 1 IN 100

200

+498.96

5 498.83

+498.40

5200

+498.97

+499.2

+498.52

200

+498.90

3670

SLOPE 1 IN 100

900

+499.01 7485

3585

8.9

+499.02

1100

1590

750

January 2019

DRAWING QSTC LWD

11-2

Retaining walls were built around the holding earth of the Peepal tree abutting the monument 79

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

16. Mosque south

west of Taramati’s Mausoleum This mosque is situated to the south of Taramati’s mausoleum, and it covers an area of 16.66 x 12.58m, stands on a plinth having an area of 20.15x34.3m and is approachable through a raised plinth. The internal chamber of the mosque consists of three arched bays. Each of the three bays is covered by a shallow dome with a central ornamental medallion.

FACADE RESTORATION The external façades of the mosque were covered with 20th century cement, multiple layers of limewash and several lattice screens and minarets situated on the parapet were found in a damaged state.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Scaffolding has been erected around the perimeter of the

and southern walls by master craftsmen using traditional lime

structure on northern, western and southern sides.

mortar.

20th-century cement and white-wash layers are being carefully removed to reveal the original appearance of the structure.

•

Repairs with traditional lime mortar followed by lime punning have been finished on the internal and internal surfaces.

Plaster repairs are being carried out on the northern, western

Floral details restored with traditional lime plaster

•

Final lime punning of the internal surface

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

MINARETS & FINIALS Sections of the corner minaret had collapsed before conservation.

After Conservation

The ornamental stucco details, missing minarets and finials on top of them were restored using traditional lime mortar Craftsmen restoring the missing minarets on the

Missing finials installed on corner minars

parapet based on existing evidence

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Collapsed portions of corner minarets at the parapet level were reinstated.

â&#x20AC;˘

Reconstruction of missing and restoration of partially damaged minarets has been carried out by master craftsmen using traditional lime mortar.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

TERRACE The terrace showed visible signs of water seepage inside the mausoleum.

Ramming of the new terrace lime concrete (Left) Existing terrace in a dilapidated condition

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

There were evident signs of water seepage from the terrace inside the structure. Repairs on terrace concrete were undertaken and new terrace lime concrete was laid to appropriate slope.

â&#x20AC;˘

Dilapidated terrace layer leading to seepage of water was carefully dismantled and traditional lime concrete was laid coupled with installation of projected waterspouts on the western edge to channel rainwater away from the structure.

NEXT STEPS: Installation of granite stone slabs will be carried out inside the mosque in appropriate layout.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

17. Mosque west of

mausoleum of Mohd. Qutb Shah It covers an area of 16.66 m x 12.58 m. The eastern facade of the mosque has three arched openings. The arches have intricate mouldings, arch crowns and medallions. A rectilinear band surrounds each arched bay. The projected eave is supported by stone brackets and beams, with lime stucco patterns between the brackets.

Existing detail on the mosque

Traces of original detail found

Precise documentation

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Before Conservation

(Clockwise from left) The external facade of the mosque was repaired with lime mortar after removal of 20th century cement and white wash layers; Restoration of decorative plasterwork on parapet; Craftsmen repairing and restoring the battlements

EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACADES The external façades of the mosque were covered with 20th century cement, multiple layers of limewash and several portions of decorative plasterwork and minarets situated on the parapet were found in a damaged state. Six minarets on the western parapet were found in a damaged state and had to be reconstructed matching the existing evidence at site. Archival evidence of ornamental medallions was revealed after removal of twentieth century plaster layers.

ACTION TAKEN: •

•

Scaffolding has been erected around the perimeter of the

and southern walls by master craftsmen using traditional lime

structure on northern, western and southern sides.

mortar.

20th century cement and white-wash layers are being carefully

•

removed to reveal the original appearance of the structure. •

Plaster repairs are being carried out on the northern, western

Restoring details with lime mortar

Repairs with traditional lime mortar followed by lime punning have been finished on the internal and internal surfaces.

•

Final lime punning of the detail

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

(Top) Restoration of details and minarets on the parapet; (Bottom Left) Repairs on the collapsed portions of a minaret and installation of missing finial on top; (Bottom Right) Missing minarets were restored using traditional lime mortar

MINARETS & FINIALS Sections of the corner minaret had collapsed before conservation.

ACTION TAKEN: â&#x20AC;˘

Collapsed portions of corner minarets at the parapet level were reinstated.

â&#x20AC;˘

Reconstruction of missing and restoration of partially damaged minarets has been carried out by master craftsmen using traditional lime mortar.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

CRAFTSMANSHIP Conservation works at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park are carried out using traditional buildings materials like lime and organic additives, and carried out with tools like chisels and hammers to ensure long-term preservation which will require minimum preventive maintenance in the future. Traditional building construction technologies are to be employed for conserving these monuments. These techniques are time tested and utilize traditional knowledge systems. The use of traditional lime plaster prepared under strict supervision and applied by master craftsmen will help the buildings survive for a considerable time, thus negating the need for subsequent conservation in the future. Conservation works will be carried under the supervision of a multidisciplinary team comprising of conservation architects, engineers, craftsmen, masons, craftsmen.

CONSERVATION

18. Mosque south west

of Hamam

Above: The mosque after conservation. Facing Page: Image of mosque before conservation

This mosque situated to the west of the forecourt of Muhammad Quli’s mausoleum, covers an area of 10.48m x10.735m. The western, northern and southern façade has three blind arches each. The eastern façade of the mosque has three arched openings with a projected porch held up by two dressed granite octagonal columns dividing the porch into three bays. The projected porch eave is supported by dressed stone brackets and beams. The internal chamber of the mosque consists of three arched bays covered by a flat roof having a coffered ceiling. The central projected mihrab is five-sided with no ornamentation. Existing parapet on the mosque was missing.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

3M LEGEND

EAST ELEVATION - CONDITIONAL ASSESSMENT

decayed plaster CEMENT plaster Damaged/ BROKEN MEMBERS PLANT

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK decayed profiles

water problems water rise water seepage

surface deposits algae

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

TERRACE & FACADES The terrace showed visible signs of water seepage inside the mausoleum. The external façades of the mosque were covered with 20th century cement, multiple layers of lime wash and several portions of the recessed blind arches were found missing on the western and northern facades damaged state. Deep plant roots were visible on the internal facades and layers of cement plaster was covering the wall surfaces. Terrace was leaking with large tree roots visible on the surface and waterspouts were found missing on the western parapet.

ACTION TAKEN: •

There were evident signs of water seepage from the terrace

•

removed to reveal the original appearance of the structure.

inside the structure. Repairs on terrace concrete were undertaken and new terrace lime concrete was laid to appropriate slope. •

•

Plaster repairs are being carried out on the northern, western and southern walls by master craftsmen using traditional lime mortar.

Missing parapet was reconstructed in rubble masonry with lime mortar and finished with traditional lime plaster by master craftsmen.

•

20th-century cement and white-wash layers were carefully

•

Repairs with traditional lime mortar followed by lime punning have been finished on the external and internal surfaces.

Removal of cement

•

Missing blind arches on the northern and western external facades were reconstructed using honey comb brick shuttering and allowed to set for a period of 30 days.

Repairs with traditional lime mortar

Final lime punning of the brackets after they were restored

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Before Conservation

Reconstruction of arches using honey comb brick shuttering

After Conservation 91

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

19. Mosque No. 12 This mosque situated to the west of the forecourt of Muhammad Quli’s mausoleum, covers an area of 10.48m x10.735m. The western, northern and southern façade has three blind arches each. The eastern façade of the mosque has three arched openings with a projected porch held up by two dressed granite octagonal columns dividing the porch into three bays. The projected porch eave is supported by dressed stone brackets and beams. The internal chamber of the mosque consists of three arched bays covered by a flat roof having a coffered ceiling. The central projected mihrab is five-sided with no ornamentation. Existing parapet on the mosque was missing.

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

TERRACE & FACADES ACTION TAKEN: •

20th century cement plaster was scraped and removed on the

•

south, west and north façades. •

the broken merlons of the minars were reconstructed to match the existing merlons.

The north, south and west facades of the mosque was plastered using traditional lime mortar and finished with a

•

finishing layer of lime punning. •

western facade. •

craftsmen. •

waterspouts on the western edge to channel rainwater away

Cement plaster and multiple layers of whitewash were

Repairs on the internal surfaces were carried out using

from the structure. •

•

lime plaster and finished with a thin coat of lime punning.

20th century cement concrete was removed from inside the mosque and replaced with traditional lime concrete.

20th century cement layer from the minars was removed, and the parapet minar surfaces were re-plastered using traditional

organic additives. •

Missing finials on the minars were reinstated based on in-situ evidence.

traditional lime mortar and finished with a 1mm thin layer of lime punning made with matured lime putty mixed with

Lime concrete was re-laid in appropriate slopes on the terrace along with the installation of two projecting stone

removed from the internal wall and ceiling surfaces. •

During the process of scraping and restoration, historic evidence of merlons below the parapet was revealed on the

The floral stucco moulding bands above the brackets supporting the eaves have been restored by the master lime

Repairs were carried out on the merlons of the mosque and

•

Missing and broken details on the minars were restored by master craftsmen using traditional lime plaster and finished with a thin coat of lime punning.

Stucco details restored

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION

20. Southern Gateway Landscaping was carried out in the region to the immediate west of the ramp constructed for connecting the Southern Gateway to the pathway constructed parallel to the Mausoleum of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah.

Supported by: SWADESH DARSHAN

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

The work on the pathways connecting the Southern Gateway

•

Tandur stones were laid on the ramp joining the western

to the tombs and the unknown tombs in the South West

peripheral pathway in the south-west quadrant to the South

quadrant have been completed including preparation of

Gate, which is linked with the historic pedestrian linkage to

base, brickwork retaining walls (near mosque above the

Golconda Forts outer fortification.

southern gateway) and 50 mm thick Tandur stones that are laid in accordance to the landscape proposal.

NEXT STEPS: •

The work on the pathways connecting the Southern Gateway to the tombs and the unknown tombs in the South West quadrant have been completed including preparation of base, brickwork retaining walls (near mosque above the southern gateway) and 50 mm thick Tandur stones that are laid in accordance to the landscape proposal.

•

Tandur stones were laid on the ramp joining the western peripheral pathway in the south-west quadrant to the South Gate, which is linked with the historic pedestrian linkage to Golconda Forts outer fortification.

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

30 MM Stone Terracing

Key Plan - South Gate Landscape Development

Architectural Drawing Section BB 96

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

The Southern gate original levels were revealed during the archaeological investigations carried out in 2014-15. Since this formed a critical connection between the Golconda and the Tomb complex, it was necessary to provide an adequate connection from the existing ground. Thus ramped pathway connecting the main network of paths around the mausoleum of Ibrahim Quli was designed accommodating the old wall and developing new retaining walls.

GRASS IN SLOPE

GRASS IN SLOPE LOCAL STONE WALL

BRICK INFILL

RAMP

5250

500

3510

+497.31

500

5250

1700 0

Architectural Drawing Section AA

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

V Swadesh Darshan Scheme The Union Budget Speech of 2015 pledged development works at Qutb Shahi Heritage Park along with seven other sites in the country. Funds were channelized through the Swadesh Darshan Scheme of the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, which promoted integrated development of theme based tourist circuit. Under this grant, landscape works, design development and proposed construction of Qutb Shahi Interpretation Centre at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park, and landscape development at the Paigah Tombs, Raymond’s Tomb, and Hayat Bakshi Begum’s mosque are being funded. Landscape works at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park and Paigah Tombs are being carried out by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture in partnership with the Department of Heritage, Government of Telangana. Landscape works at the Raymond’s Tomb and Hayat Bakshi Begum’s mosque are being carried by Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation in partnership with the Department of Heritage, Government of Telangana.

(Above) Proposed view of the underground Qutb Shahi Interpretation Centre; (Left) Paigah Tombs Complex; (Centre) Raymond Tomb; (Right) Hayat Bakshi’s Mosque

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

21. Qutb Shahi

Interpretation Centre To enhance visitor experience for those visiting the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park and the adjoining Golconda Fort, an interpretation centre is proposed to be built at the entrance of the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park, in a zone presently known as the Deccan Park.

View of entry to the proposed Interpretation Centre. The existing ground will be sunk to allow proper light and ventilation while taking care not to obstruct the view of the monuments from the Centre.

Objectives of Qutb Shahi Interpretation Centre: •

Showcase the rich building tradition of the Qutb Shahi dynasty

•

Present the evolution of the Qutb Shahi royal necropolis, Golconda Fort and the area around it.

•

Display objects of antiquity from the Qutb Shahi period.

•

Provide tourist amenities such as exhibition galleries, children orientation gallery, restaurants, toilets, and museum shop.

•

It is hoped that the proposed interpretation center will also serve as a gateway to the sites of Deccan sultanates such as Bidar, Bijapur, Gulbarga – all of which are jointly being proposed for World Heritage Site nomination.

100

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

The Interpretation Centre will serve as the nodal repository for disseminating information and enhancing understanding related to the Qutb Shahi heritage of Hyderabad. Here, visitors will experience and learn about the history, achievements in art and architecture of the Qutb Shahi rulers as well as their contemporary Deccan sultanates. The unique and distinct architectural styles of the Qutb Shahi’s and other Deccan sultanates are not well known and the Interpretation centre will draw upon primary research, learning through the on-going conservation effort to engage visitors.

It is hoped that the building of the Interpretation Centre, will lead to a significant increase in visitor numbers to the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park – where stand 80 major monuments.

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

Some views of the Interpretation Centre: KEY PLAN

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

Qutb Shahi Gallery

Entrance Zone

VIEWS

SEPTEMBER 11TH 2019

VIEW 5 : GALLERY 2

CONCEPT DESIGN II

KEY PLAN

Orientation Court VIEW 3 : ORIENTATION COURT

KEY PLAN

Ramped Cafe-Court

VIEWS

SEPTEMBER 11TH 2019

CONCEPT DESIGN II

VIEW 9 : CAFE-COURT RAMP

ACTION TAKEN: •

Six Architects with experience in similar works were

•

invited to study the site and propose an ideal design of the

review and necessary changes were incorporated in design

Interpretation Centre. A meticulously drafted Design brief was

accommodating all the native trees existing on the site.

provided to them for their understanding of the requirement and purpose. They were called to the site to get an idea of the

•

The six shortlisted architectural firms were invited to present

•

on the site for approval.

centre in the Deccan Park area. They submitted the design on •

assessing the designs presented. •

Studio Lotus was selected for the design of the Interpretation Centre by the committee.

•

statutory approvals.

The committee formulated by the Department of Heritage, Government of Telangana, selected the winning entry after

Drawings of the final design of the Interpretation Centre has been submitted to the Govt. of Telangana for necessary

was undertaken. •

A site review of the layout was held with the Director, Department of Heritage Telangana, explaining him the layout

their conceptual designs for the proposed interpretation April following which review and selection of the final design

Discussions were held on the pattern of services including HVAC, electrical, fire safety, water supply and sewage.

setting and the requisite. •

The final design was marked on the proposed location for

•

Tender drawings, estimates and BoQ for the works have been submitted to Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation for invitation of bids and commence construction works.

A series of discussions on the approved concept of the Interpretation Centre were held with Studio Lotus to finalize the design. 101

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

22. Paigah Tombs Above: Aerial view showing the Paigah Tombs Complex Facing Page: intricate ornamental lime stucco details around the doorways of one of the tombs

The Paigah tombs are the resting place of the Paigah family of Hyderabad. Known for their undoubted loyalty to the Nizams, the Paigahs were one of the most influential and powerful nobles of the time. Their affluence is reflected in the intricately carved marble tombstones. Built in the 18th century, the small complex of the Paigah tombs is a unique ensemble with no comparative site anywhere in the world boasting of the incredible craftsmanship employed by the Hyderabadi craftsmen. The structures boast of fine lattice screens and incised plasterwork â&#x20AC;&#x201C; both in lime mortar. The Paigah Tomb Complex houses several tomb enclosures, a mosque, a water body, and an entrance gateway. These 200 years old tombs are known for their architectural excellence as shown in their craftsmanship of highly intricate surface ornamentation. As a part of the Phase I of Conservation Works, emergency repairs were carried out on the Ghansimiyan Tomb, that included stitching of the cracks, relaying of the terrace, and reinstallation and conservation of the fallen minarets. Detailed documentation and conservation work on the Samakhana have also commenced, and the building shall temporarily house the site office during the ongoing conservation and other site work. As a part of the Swadesh Darshan Scheme, the Department of Tourism, Telangana, has proposed to develop the areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s landscape. Its proposed components include landscaping, illumination, information, signage, and a ticket counter. It has also proposed the setting up of an exhibition for the site. Other tourist/visitor facilities including drinking water, toilets, solid waste management, and parking will also be incorporated for tourists. Accordingly work on the pathways as a part of Phase I of landscape works have commenced.

102

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

SWADESH DARSHAN

103

Structural Crack

missing/ broken plaster

Plaster Crack

CEMENT plaster

dISCOLOURATION

flaking of final finish

Later addition

missing/Broken members

exposed masonry

vegetation

decayed plaster profile

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK

missing ornamental Plaster

missing/Broken Wooden dOOR

missing/Broken Jali

capillary rise

water problems

water seepage

water Leakage

Cement/New Flooring

Latif-un-nissa Tombs

Paved Walkway DGPS PT2

Paved Walkway

513.345

damaged original Flooring

Flooring

Tile Flooring

algae

surface deposits

Electrical Line

Note

LEGEND:

Structural Crack

missing/ broken pla

Plaster Crack

Structural Crack

missing/ broken plaster

vegetation

exposed masonry

missing/Broken mem

Later addition

CEMENT plaster

dISCOLOURATION

flaking of final fin

Plaster Crack

CEMENT plaster

dISCOLOURATION

flaking of final finish

Later addition

missing/Broken members

exposed masonry

vegetation

decayed plaster profile

missing/Broken Woo

missing ornamental

decayed plaster pro

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK DECORATIVE PLASTER

missing ornamental Plaster

Steps

Foutain

Tap

100.899

Graves

EXISITNG LANE

GATE

Paved Walkway 4.35 m

DGPS PT3

Open Platform

Paved Walkway 4.8 m

Electrical Line

Paved Walkway

Paved Walkway DGPS PT2

Latif-un-nissa Tombs

water Leakage

water seepage

capillary rise

water problems

OPEN

SMALL GATE

Drain Line

Tile Flooring

algae

black crust

graffiti

dEPOSITS/Rust

STAIRCASE

STORE

114.19 (T) 101.45

Drain Line

Borewell

Electrical Line

DGPS PT1

Door

Wall

Steps

GATE

Steps

Foutain

Lawn

Tap

100.899

Paved Walkway

Lawn

Bore

Drain Line

GATE

Naubat Khana

100.00

Arch

EXISITNG LANE

MAIN GATE

DATUM

Naubat Khana

line Pipe ground Under

Water Tanks

LAN

Graves

Efflorescence

14.792

GANSIMIYAN TOMBS

MOSQUE DARGAH

STI EXI

Steps

Paved Walk

Cement/New Floorin

damaged original

Flooring

Line

surface deposits

Paved Walkway

513.345

missing/Broken Jali

missing/Broken Wooden dOOR

missing/Broken Jali

capillary rise

water problems

water seepage

water Leakage

Door

Wall

Steps

GATE

Steps

Cement/New Flooring

Drain Line

Borewell

Electrical Line

DGPS PT1

Electrical Line

damaged original Flooring

Flooring

Tile Flooring

algae

black crust

graffiti

dEPOSITS/Rust

STAIRCASE

STORE

114.19 (T) 101.45

Bore

Efflorescence

14.792

Drain Line

surface deposits

OPEN

Electrical

Room

black crust

DGPS PT3

Open Platform

Ladli Begum

Paved walkway

Drain Line

graffiti

EXISITNG LANE

Paved Walkway 4.35 m

Paved Walkway 4.8 m

Electrical Line

Sirvicar Ul Umra

STORE

Depth

Abul Fatehkhan Tombs

Room

dEPOSITS/Rust

Drain Line

Steps

Lawn

Paved Walkway

TOILET

Steps

Paved Walkw

Nawab Bashir-ud- Daulah

Steps

GATE

GANSIMIYAN TOMBS

Khaspura Tombs

GHANSIMIYAN STORE

Toilet

Door

Graves

Drain Line

Arch

100.00

Steps

EXISITNG LANE

DARGAH BURHANE SHAH SAHEB

Electrical Line

Wall

100.899

SMALL GATE

Naubat Khana

Condition assessment of Khair Nawaz Jung Tombs

Rashiduddin Khan

Steps

Tap

Line

MAIN GATE

DATUM

Naubat Khana

LAN

Water Tanks

Nawab Bashir-ud- Daulah

Drain Line

Bore

Electrical

MOSQUE DARGAH

NG STI

EXI

Abul Fatehkhan Tombs

Borewell

Foutain

STORE

Depth

Drain Line

IST

ING

IST

ING

IST

ING

Paigah Tombs Complex (Key Plan) Paigah Tombs

Nawab Fakhruddin Khan

Steps

Paved walkway

TOILET

STORE ROOM

GATE

Electrical Line

Khaspura Tombs

Paved Walkway

Electrical Line

DGPS PT1

Arch

100.00

Steps

GHANSIMIYAN STORE

DARGAH BURHANE SHAH SAHEB

Toilet

STAIRCASE

STORE

Lawn

Paved Walkway

Naubat Khana

EXISITNG LANE

E LANE

Note

LEGEND:

defects in building / plastered defects surfaces in building / plastered defects surfaces in building

LEGEND:

Scale:

Electrical Line

EXISITNG LANE

MASIJID-E-PAIGAH

114.19 (T) 101.45

GANSIMIYAN TOMBS

MAIN GATE

DATUM

Naubat Khana

Ladli Begum

Drg No. Interior view of the mausoleum of Khair Nawaz Jung

Khair Nawaz jung Tombs

STORE ROOM

Efflorescence

14.792

Depth

LAN

Water Tanks

STI EXI

MOSQUE DARGAH

Open Area

Sirvicar Ul Umra

Paigah Tombs Complex (Key Plan)

Paved Walkway

Nawab Fakhruddin Khan

DEPARTMENT OF HERITAGE TELANGANA DEPARTMENT OF HERITAGE DEPARTMENT TELANGANA OF H

Roof Plan

DARGAH BURHANE SHAH SAHEB

Rashiduddin Khan

S Water Tanks

NE N

G ISTIN EX

Documented by: AKTC

Date:

Open Area

Drain Line

EXISITNG LANE Electrical

Line

SMALL GATE

Drain Line

STORE

3000mm

1500mm

1. The Architectural documentation was 1. done Themanually Architectural documentation was 1. The done Architectural manually docu using distometer and measuring tapes using distometer and measuring tapesusing distometer and mea 2. The study was carried out based on non-destructive 2. The study was carried out based on 2. The non-destructive study was carried method. Condition mapping of the surface method. was Condition done mapping of the method. surface was Condition done mapp on basis of visual inspection at site. on basis of visual inspection at site. on basis of visual inspecti 3. All Details and Patterns documented3.inAllthisDetails study and Patterns documented 3. AllinDetails this study and Patter are the graphical representation of the are actual the graphical and representation ofarethetheactual graphical and repre prepared on basis of geometry. prepared on basis of geometry. prepared on basis of geom 4. The colors used in this documentation4.are The indicative colors used in this documentation 4. The arecolors indicative used in this of the actual, due to limitations of computer of thegraphics. actual, due to limitations of computer of the actual, graphics. due to lim (for glazed tiles and decorative pattern) (for glazed tiles and decorative pattern) (for glazed tiles and decor 5. All drawings are in millimeter. Please 5.refer All graphics drawings are in millimeter. Please 5. Allrefer drawings graphics are in mi scale for actual dimension scale for actual dimension scale for actual dimension

Condition Assessment

Khair Nawaz jung Tombs

Nawab Bashir-ud- Daulah

Toilet

Open Area

Paved Walkway line Pipe ground Under

Roof Plan

DEPARTMENT OF HERITAGE TELANGANA

Roof Plan

Abul Fatehkhan Tombs

100.00

Steps

MAIN GATE

STORE ROOM

Khair Nawaz jung Tombs

Roof Plan

Paved Walkway

Naubat Khana Naubat Khana

TOILET

Khaspura Tombs Arch

STORE ROOM

Sirvicar Ul Umra Ladli Begum

Rashiduddin Khan Nawab Fakhruddin Khan

Nawab Bashir-ud- Daulah Drain Line

Abul Fatehkhan Tombs MASIJID-E-PAIGAH

Steps Room

Borewell

EXISITNG LANE

capillary rise

water seepage

Flooring

water Leakage

Cement/New Flooring

damaged original Flooring

surface deposits Tile Flooring

black crust algae

dEPOSITS/Rust graffiti

Efflorescence

Reflected Ceiling Plan Reflected Ceiling Plan

Toilet

Room

Paved Walkway

Paved walkway

Electrical Line

Lawn

DATUM

Depth

Electrical Line

Graves

Paved Walkway Tap

Paved Walkway DGPS PT2

Paved Walkway 4.8 m GATE DGPS PT1

OPEN

Bore

Electrical Line

Steps GATE

W EXIST

ING

513.345

Tap Electrical Line

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK

vegetation

decayed plaster profile

missing ornamental Plaster

missing/Broken Wooden dOOR

water problems

missing/Broken Jali

Reflected Ceiling Plan

Open Area

EXISITNG LANE

MASIJID-E-PAIGAH

EXISITNG LANE

MASIJID-E-PAIGAH

Paigah Tombs Complex Paigah Tombs ComplexPaigah To

AGA K HAN TRUST FOR CULTURE AGA K HAN TRUST FOR CA ULTURE GA K HAN TRU

104

flaking of final finish dISCOLOURATION CEMENT plaster

Floor Plan

Paigah Tombs Complex Khair Nawaz Jung Tombs

Electrical Line

Wall

Steps

Paved Walkway

Paved Walkway 4.35 m 114.19 (T) 101.45

Latif-un-nissa Tombs DGPS PT3

GHANSIMIYAN STORE

1. The Architectural documentation was done manually using distometer and measuring tapes 2. The study was carried out based on non-destructive method. Condition mapping of the surface was done on basis of visual inspection at site. Detailed building documentation of the individual mausoleums situated inside Paigah Tombs complex is being carried 3. All Details and Patterns documented in thisout. study are the graphical representation of the actual and Documentation for mausoleum of Ghansimiyan, Khair Nawaz Jung and Samakhana have been and is ongoing at prepared on completed basis of geometry. 4. The colors used in this documentation are indicative mausoleum of Latif-ul-Nissa. of the actual, due to limitations of computer graphics. (for glazed tiles and decorative pattern) 5. All drawings are in millimeter. Please refer graphics scale for actual dimension

LEGEND:

Floor Plan

AGA K HAN TRUST FOR CULTURE

GHANSIMIYAN STORE

Foutain

Open Platform

Lawn GANSIMIYAN TOMBS

SW MOSQUE DARGAH

DARGAH BURHANE SHAH SAHEB

GATE STORE 14.792

Drain Line

EXISITNG LANE Door Drain Line

100.899

Electrical Line STAIRCASE

Plans

Floor Plan

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Note

DOCUMENTATION

defects in building / plastered surfaces Structural Crack Plaster Crack

missing/ broken plaster

Later addition

exposed masonry

missing/Broken members

Steps

Paigah Tombs Complex (Key Plan)

442 170 50110

5395 5395

Section A-A'

3303

6145

170 50110

442

3303

6145

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

6145 5395 5255

220

750

110

100 50

442

3303

6145 5395 5255

220

750

110

442

Section A-A'

Section B-B'

100 50

3303

Architectural Documentation (Section) of mausoleum of Khair Nawaz Jung

Section B-B'

Images indicating the current conditions of the mausoleum of Khair Nawaz Jung. 105

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

LANDSCAPE RESTORATION •

Initial investigations were carried out around the tombs of Ghansimiyan and Samakhana to determine the original levels of plinth.

•

Landscape proposal for phase-I was finalized and layout marked on the western quadrant of site.

•

Base work for the plinth protection and pathways around the mausoleum of Ghansimiyan and Samakhana was completed.

•

Installation of 30 mm thick granite stone was completed in the phase-1 situated on the south-west corner of site.

•

Existing slopes on the raised platform were documented in detail for understanding the existing drainage of rainwater to the lower portions of site.

Supported by: SWADESH DARSHAN

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Before landscape restoration

Basework for pathways being laid as a part work of landscape restoration

After laying of pathways as a part of Landscape restoration 107

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

23. Ghansi Miyan’s Mausoleum

Conservation works are being undertaken by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture in partnership with Department of Heritage Telangana, Govt. of Telangana. The landscape work is being supported by Swadesh Darshan Grant, Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India. Ghansimiyan’s tomb is situated in the South West corner of the Paigah Tombs Complex. It belongs to Sardar-ul-Mulk Ghansi Miyan who was a commander in the Nizam’s army and a close relative of the Paigah noble Nawab Tegh Jung. Conservation works at this monuement aim to restore the missing architectural features and replace inappropriate repairs in cement with traditional materials and techniques, ensuring mitigation of water ingress and prolong the life of the monument.

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

ACTION TAKEN: •

Structural cracks on the ceiling and terrace of Ghansimiyan

•

Tomb were stitched using rich lime mortar injected through injection grout by stone craftsmen. •

•

carried out before the monsoons. •

Collapsed bulbs of the minarets were reinstated matching

Dilapidated lime concrete was removed from the terrace

the existing evidence. In a couple of minarets, collapsed

and projected eaves to reveal original levels and reduce later

shaft of the minarets were reconstructed using stones cut to

added load on the structure.

appropriate size and fixed using rich lime mortar.

Traditional lime concrete was laid in an appropriate slope

•

on the terrace and on the reconstructed portion of projected eaves and was then followed by persistent ramming and curing. •

The terrace and existing rainwater spouts on the terrace were

Lime concrete was laid in the plinth protections built around the perimeter of the mausoleum.

•

30 mm thick granite stones were laid as plinth protection, laid to appropriate slope and approved layout to channel

Skylight situated on centre of terrace was covered with a stone slab raised on low height piers to prevent rainwater from seeping inside the mausoleum and yet bring in ambient

rainwater away from the foundation of the structure. •

light.

Relaying of terrace concrete with traditional lime concrete in an appropriate slope

Emergency repairs - stitching of structural cracks inside the mausoleum

Re-installation of broken minarets on the parapet of the mausoleum

Pathways and plinth protection surrounding the mausoleum as a part of the landscape restoration 109

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

24.Samakhana The Samakhana is utilitarian rectangular building located to the West of Ghansimiyanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Tomb. It contains an open central chamber, one enclosed chamber to the South West corner of the central chamber, two enclosed chambers to the North West corner of the central chamber and a long open corridor running the length of the building on the eastern edge of the building.

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ACTION TAKEN: •

Collapsed walls of the north-west corner chambers were

laying of traditional lime concrete followed by persistent

reconstructed using rubble stone and rich lime mortar by

ramming and curing.

stone masons. •

12 feet long and eight-inch-thick granite stone beams were manually lifted and placed on the collapsed portions of the terrace.

•

Lime concrete laid to appropriate slope was laid in the collapsed portions to mitigate water seepage inside the structure.

•

Missing projected eave stones on the northern parapet were prepared to match the existing profile and reinstated.

•

Missing waterspouts were installed on the western parapet to channel rainwater away from the structure.

•

The terrace and rainwater spouts on the terrace were cleaned before the monsoons.

Deep cracks on the terrace of Samakhana were stitched by

(Below) Re-installation of missing roof beams and repairing of terrace concrete of the Samakhana with traditional lime concrete in an appropriate slope

111

North Elevation

East Elevation

South Elevation

Note

Structural Crack

missing/ broken plaster

Door

GATE

Steps

Wall

Steps

GATE

Lawn

Bore

Tap

100.899

GATE

Naubat Khana

100.00

Arch

EXISITNG LANE

MAIN GATE

DATUM

Naubat Khana

E G LAN

Graves

Drain Line

Water Tanks

STIN MOSQUE DARGAH

EXI

Lawn

Paved Walkway

Foutain

Steps

EX IST ING AD

Steps

Paved Walkway 4.35 m

Steps

Electrical Line

Paved Walkway

Paved Walkway DGPS PT2

Latif-un-nissa Tombs

Paved walkway

Khaspura Tombs

Electrical Line

DGPS PT3

Open Platform

Paved Walkway 4.8 m

STORE

Paved Walkway

513.345

TOILET

Electrical

Line

OPEN

SMALL GATE

Drain Line

EXISITNG LANE

W SW

3000mm

Documented by: AKTC

1500mm

PTC/CA/SMK/02

Drg No.

Date:

Scale:

Elevations

Condition Assessment

Paigah Tombs Complex Samakhana

AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE

DEPARTMENT OF HERITAGE TELANGANA

Paigah Tombs Complex (Key Plan)

Depth

DGPS PT1

GANSIMIYAN TOMBS

STORE

Electrical Line

Drain Line

Borewell

Drain Line

Pipe line ground Under

DARGAH BURHANE SHAH SAHEB

14.792

114.19 (T) 101.45

STAIRCASE

EXISITNG LANE MASIJID-E-PAIGAH

Room

Efflorescence

dEPOSITS/Rust

Electrical Line

Nawab Bashir-ud- Daulah

algae

Abul Fatehkhan Tombs

black crust

Paved Walkway

graffiti

Open Area

Nawab Fakhruddin Khan

Tile Flooring

Cement/New Flooring

Toilet

surface deposits

Ladli Begum

damaged original Flooring

Flooring

water Leakage

water seepage

capillary rise

water problems

missing/Broken Jali

missing/Broken Wooden dOOR

missing ornamental Plaster

decayed plaster profile

DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK

vegetation

exposed masonry

missing/Broken members

Later addition

CEMENT plaster

dISCOLOURATION

flaking of final finish

Rashiduddin Khan

Plaster Crack

GHANSIMIYAN STORE

Sirvicar Ul Umra

defects in building / plastered surfaces

Khair Nawaz jung Tombs

STORE ROOM

LEGEND:

112 1. The Architectural documentation was done manually using distometer and measuring tapes 2. The study was carried out based on non-destructive method. Condition mapping of the surface was done on basis of visual inspection at site. 3. All Details and Patterns documented in this study are the graphical representation of the actual and prepared on basis of geometry. 4. The colors used in this documentation are indicative of the actual, due to limitations of computer graphics. (for glazed tiles and decorative pattern) 5. All drawings are in millimeter. Please refer graphics scale for actual dimension

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

•

Reconstruction of collapsed parapet walls matching the

scraped off in the south-west corner chamber. Repairs in

existing profile on the terrace was carried out using bricks and

lime plaster were followed by finishing of internal walls and

rich lime mortar by stone masons.

ceiling with a 1mm thin layer of lime putty mixed with organic additives.

20th century cement plaster was dismantled on the southern, western and northern external walls. Lime plaster repairs were

•

carried out by master craftsmen using traditional lime mortar. •

corner chamber after dismantling the existing 20th century cement flooring.

Lime plaster in dilapidated condition was dismantled and 20th century paint layers were scraped off from the internal wall surfaces.

30 mm thick granite stone was installed inside the south-west

•

Teak wood doors and frames matching the existing design specifications were installed in all five door openings.

•

Plaster repairs were completed in the corner chambers.

•

Dilapidated Lime plaster and 20th century paint layers were

Scrapping of 20th century plaster inside the Samakhana to reveal the base lime plaster

Reconstruction of broken walls of the Samakhana

NEXT STEPS: Dismantling of cement plaster on the wall and ceiling surfaces inside Ghansimiyan’s tomb and Samakhana will be followed with repairs using traditional lime mortar.

IMPACT: To ensure long term preservation, 20th century cement layers from the mausoleums are being carefully removed and replaced with lime mortar. Conservation works being undertaken include the restoration of damaged intricate lattice screens, removal of 20th century cement layers, repairs in lime mortar, lime punning, and installation of stone waterspouts on terraces of individual tomb structures. Conservation of ornamental stucco and lattice screens both on the internal and external façades as per the intention of the original builders shall in turn restore the authenticity of material form, and design of the mausoleum.

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QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

CONSERVATION

25. Badshahi Ashoorkhana Interior view showing the tiled arched bays of the Badshahi Ashoorkhana

Measuring 36.57 m x 27.43 m and having a height of 10.97 m, the flat roof of the main Ashoorkhana structure is supported by monolithic stone columns. Five recessed arches, 3 on the western wall and one each on either side are encrusted with exquisite enameled inlay tile work, which was installed by Persian craftsmen during the reign of Abdullah Qutb Shah in 1611. The tilework consists of highly refined geometric, floral and arabesque designs in a varied colour palette consisting of blue, white, yellow, green and terracotta. Three of the five arched panels are noteworthy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; one represents a giant Alam (a religious metal standard symbolizing the battle standards carried by Hussain and his followers at Kerbala), the second panel has designs of staggering hexagons containing jewel like shapes connected by grand arabesque swirls, and the third panel which contains a massive pot-of-plenty overflowing with twisting and turning vegetation. True scale detailed documentation of this intricate tilework was carried out to assess the condition of the tilework.

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

DOCUMENTATION •

•

areas beneath the tiles with excessive water seepage in

True scale detailed documentation of the exquisite inlay tiles

a rainbow coloured palette. This will aid in adopting an

on the recessed bays inside the structure is being carried out

appropriate conservation methodology to conserve the tile

to precisely estimate the extent of damage. •

Layers of 20th century paint obfuscating the underneath tiles are being cleaned to reveal the tiles.

•

The tiles are being individually traced and superimposed

Thermal imaging cameras use infrared radiation to highlight

embellishment on the internal facades. •

Documentation has been completed in four of the five recessed arch bays embellished with tilework inside the structure.

on AutoCAD drawings, prepared with perspective corrective photogrammetric images created using point cloud data.

(Below)True scale detailed documentation of the inlay tiles on the recessed bays inside the structure is being carried out.

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OUTREACH

26. Kalapana 2019 Brain storming session on devising strategies for built heritage in India for the next decade

TATA Trusts celebrated the third edition of KALAPANA 2019 - Imagine The Arts, a multidisciplinary art platform connecting various stakeholders to deliberate on ways forward in the field of arts at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park. The event hosted a public lecture by Shivendra Singh Dungarpur from the Film Heritage Foundation followed by an open-air screening of Ritwik Ghatak’s cinematic masterpiece “Meghe Daka Tara”, a 1940’s classic movie which was recently restored. Conservation of historic monuments by Aga Khan Trust for Culture at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park was be showcased as one of the important frameworks in the field of arts and culture being celebrated through the event. A series of site walkthroughs were conducted by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture at the Qutb Shahi Heritage park from 05-07 December showcasing the six years of painstaking conservation works, carried out by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture in partnership with Heritage Telangana supported by the TATA Trusts , wherein master craftsmen have clocked in nearly 300,000 man days of work to restore the authenticity and grandeur of the 16th-17th century necropolis situated on the foothills of Golconda fort. Conservation and landscape works on all the 80 monuments standing within the 106-acre site are expected to be completed, under this partnership project, by AD 2023.

Heritage walks conducted by AKTC at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park.

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Audience at the open air screening of Ritwik Ghatak’s now restored ‘Meghe Dhaka Tara’

Public lecture by Shivendra Singh Dungarpur from the Film Heritage Foundation on film restoration

Heritage walks conducted by AKTC at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park. 117

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

OUTREACH

27. UNESCO Workshop Above: Comprehensive site walkthrough was conducted by the AKTC at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park

A two-day workshop on “Understanding Conservation of Cultural Heritage”, was organized jointly by UNESCO and AKTC in co-operation with the Municipal Administration and Urban Development, Hyderabad was hosted at the Hyderabad Metro Rail Conference Hall, Hyderabad on November 25-26, 2019. Day 1 •

The workshop titled Understanding Conservation of Cultural Heritage, was jointly hosted by UNESCO and Aga Khan Trust for Culture with specialists with core competency in heritage conservation and urban planning presenting various case studies on heritage conservation aided with socio-economic urban development initiatives to nearly 40 officials drawn from the town planning and engineering departments of various municipalities in Telangana.

•

Aravind Kumar, Principal Secretary, Municipal Administration and Urban Development emphasized about understanding the historic significance of historic monument, as a holistic approach includes understanding of processes involved in restoration of a monument, involving the communities and demonstration of economic benefits as a result of conservation achieved through integrated planning. He suggested preparing a comprehensive inventory of historic monuments as a precursor to start the process of monetizing its centuries old heritage to improve the socio-economic conditions of Hyderabad. The panelists of the workshop were assured of appropriate budgetary allocation

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

by Mr. Kumar. He encouraged the participating public officials to develop a tourism circuit for Hyderabad in a manner which states of Gujarat and Rajasthan have done. This will reinvigorate tourism and inculcate active participation from the local communities. He •

Junhi Han, Chief, Culture Sector from UNESCO, Delhi presented the role of heritage in global urbanization followed by creation of contemporary green cities. She presented the German case study of contemporaneous reuse of the Reichstag after the end of war. She emphasized the conservation of maximum possible existing build heritage through adaptive reuse for contemporary uses.

•

Paroma De Sarkar, Conservation Architect and Heritage Expert presented case studies of preparing heritage guidelines for historic precincts in Karnataka and recommended for Telangana based municipalities to preserve heritage.

•

Shveta Mathur, Urban Planner, AKTC presented the case study of Nizamuddin Basti: Planning in a historic City Center which showcased the issues adversely affecting the historic core and in turn the local populace. She explained various socio-economic infrastructure interventions carried out by AKTC in consultation with the community which led to raising of quality of life for the residents.

•

Ratish Nanda, CEO, Aga Khan Trust for Culture, shared experience of achieving holistic conservation in tandem with the local community of the Nizamuddin area of New Delhi and explained in detail the conservation carried out at the Humayun Tomb, a 16th century World Heritage Site which restored the originality, integrity and authenticity of the magnificent structure. He mentioned the persistent engagement with the community which after a time reached a stage when local people reached out to AKTC for restoration of a mosque situated near the tomb of Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya. Presentation was followed by screening of a film titled “

•

Prashant Banerjee, Program Manager- Conservation, AKTC presented the use of lime mortar in conservation at the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park with emphasis on preparation of lime mortar, processes involved, and the craftsmanship involved followed by benefits of using lime for repair of historic buildings. Presentation was followed by screening of a film titled “

Day 2 •

On the subsequent day, a comprehensive site walkthrough was conducted by Rajpal Singh, Chief Engineer, AKTC; Yoshowant Purohit, Project Manager, AKTC; Prashant Banerjee, Project Manager- Conservation for the participants of the workshop of the Qutb Shahi Heritage Park.

•

Yoshowant Purohit, Project Manager, Qutb Shahi Heritage Park – AKTC presented the upcoming Qutb Shahi Interpretation Centre situated in Deccan Park including architectural drawings, rendered illustrations, services and overall scheme of the upcoming interpretation centre was presented and briefly discussed with the participants of the workshop.

Case studies presented on heritage conservation aided with socio-economic urban development

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OUTREACH

28. Dissemination of

Project Learnings Every year, the project engages with academic institutions, cultural organizations, civil society, opinion makers, conservation professionals, students, policy makers who are keen to learn from the experiences or replicate the project model or its elements in their work areas.

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ANNUAL REPORT 2019

29. Linkages with Educational Institutes Every year, the project engages with academic institutions, cultural organizations, civil society, opinion makers, conservation professionals, students, policy makers who are keen to learn from the experiences or replicate the project model or its elements in their work areas.

Institutions

Description of Activity

Output

Officers of the Military Engineering Services, Indian Army visited the site in April 2019

The group visited the project site at the Qutb Shahi Tombs as part of their exposure visit to understand the nuances of conservation and landscaping works being done and the linkage between heritage conservation and improving the quality of life for the visiting denizens.

The outcome of this visit was to have a more nuanced understanding of the history and evolution of architecture of the Qutb Shahi empire as well as the ongoing conservations works undertaken by AKTC at the Qutb Shahi Tombs.

Trainees from various cadre of All India Civil Services Office visited the site in September 2019

The group visited the project site to understand the project interventions in a publicprivate partnership of AKTC with multiple governmental agencies.

Students gained a first-hand experience of the ongoing conservations works at the Qutb Shahi Tombs Complex, as well as a better understanding of the project interventions being carried out under Public Private Partnership model between AKTC and multiple government agencies

Students from the Indian Hotel Management Institute

Student group visited the project site to understand the tourist visitor inflow, strategies used for upgrading visitor amenities and understand the engagement between visitors and a heritage site

At the end of their visit, students gained a better understanding about the relationship between tourism and a heritage site, with special focus on the need for provision of adequate visitor facilities.

Students from the National Institute of Fashion Technology, Hyderabad

The group visited the project site to understand the nuances of conservation and landscaping works and its impact on improving the quality of life for the visiting denizens

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Public Agencies - 2019 Government of Telangana •

Mr. Shailendra Kumar Joshi, IAS, Chief Secretary to Government, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. Arvind Kumar, IAS, Principal Secretary to the Government Municipal Administration and Urban Development

•

Mr. B. Venkatesham, IAS, Secretary, YAT&C, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. Lokesh Kumar D.S., IAS, GHMC Commissioner cum QQSUDA Administrator

•

Mr. Parthasarathi, IAS, Ex. I/c Secretary, YAT&C, Government of Telangana

•

Mrs. Sunita Bhagwat, IFS, Executive Commissioner of Tourism Government of Telangana

•

Mr. Md.Musharraf Ali Faruqui, IAS, Zonal Commissioner, GHMC, Government of Telangana

Department of Heritage Telangana: •

Mr. A. Dinakara Babu, IAS, Director DHT-cum-Commissioner of Tourism, Government of Telangana

•

Mrs. N.R. Visalatchy, IPoS, Ex. Director

•

Mr. B. Narayana, Deputy Director, Engineering & I/c Director (Qutub Shahi Tombs)

•

Mr. A. Raju, Superintendent

•

Mr. N. Narsingh, Conservation Assistant

•

Mr. Balaraju, Senior Assistant (Qutub Shahi Tombs)

•

Mr. T.Ch. Nancharaiah, I/c Conservation Assistant (Qutub Shahi Tombs)

Quli Qutb Shahi Urban Development Authority (QQSUDA) •

Mr. P. Badarinath, Secretary

•

Mrs. M. Lalitha, Assistant Director of Horticulture

•

Mr. Mallikarjunudu, Chief Engineer

•

Mr. Guruveera, Executive Engineer

Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation (TSTDC)

122

•

Mr. Boinapally Manohar, Managing Director

•

Mrs. Saritha Galla, Executive Engineer

•

Mr. Ashoka Kumar, Executive Engineer

•

Mr. Ch. Parshavedi, Assistant Executive Engineer

•

Mr. Shankar Reddy, Executive Director Projects

•

Mr. Ajay

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

Project Technical Committee •

Mr. B. Venkatesham, IAS, Secretary, YAT&C, Government of Telangana

•

Mrs. Sunita M. Bhagwat, IFS, Commissioner of Tourism, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. A. Dinakara Babu, IAS, Director, Department of Heritage Telangana, Government of Telangana

•

Mrs. N.R. Visalatchy, IPoS, Director, Department of Heritage Telangana, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. B. Narayana, Dy. Director, Department of Heritage Telangana, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. A. Raju, Superintendent, Department of Heritage Telangana, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. Anil Kumar, Dy. Superintendent Archaeologist, ASI, Hyderabad Circle

•

Ms. Lynn Meskell, Independent Expert, Stanford Archaeology Center, Stanford University

•

Mr. Boinapally Manohar Managing, Director, TSTDC, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. A. Ashok Kumar, Superintendent Engineer, TSTDC. Government of Telangana.

•

Mr. Ch. Parsavedi, Asst. Executive Engineer, TSTDC, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. P. Badarinath, Secretary, Quli Qutb Shah Urban Development Authority, Government of Telangana

•

Mrs. Lalitha, Assistant Director (Horticulture), Quli Qutb Shah Urban Development Authority, Government of Telangana

•

Mr. Sajjad Shahid, Independent Expert

•

Mr. Ratish Nanda, Chief Executive Officer, AKTC, New Delhi

•

Mr. Yoshowant Purohit, Project Manager, AKTC, Hyderabad

•

Mr. Ganesh Reddy, Manager Operations, AKTC, Hyderabad

•

Mr. Prashant Banerjee, Project Manager-Conservation, AKTC, Hyderabad

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QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

Aga Khan Development Network

124

•

Mr. Ratish Nanda, CEO

•

Mr. Rajpal Singh, Chief Engineer

•

Ms. Jyotsna Lall, Senior Programme Officer

•

Ms. Archana S Akhtar, Senior Programme Officer

•

Mr. Somak Ghosh, Finance Manager

•

Mr. Deepak Padhi, Programme Officer, Monitoring & Evaluation

•

Ms. Shveta Mathur, Urban Planner

•

Mr. KP Singh, Chief Horticulturist

•

Mr. Yoshowant Purohit, Project Manager

Principal Consultants:

•

Mr. K. Ganesh Reddy, Manager Operations

•

Mr. Sajjad Shahid, Advisor, Consultant

•

Mr. Faneendra Nath, Project Engineer

•

Mr. Sree Rama, Lantek Engineering Consultants

•

Mr. K. Ganesh Reddy, Manager Operations

•

Ms. V. Sridevi, Finance Officer

Ms. Poornima Balakrishnan, Consultant – Conservation Architect

•

Ms. Lipi Bharadwaj, Project Photographer

•

Shaheer Associates, Landscape Design Consultants

•

Mr. Rajendra Patnaik, Office Secretary

•

Mr. Shafeeq Rehman Mahajir, Legal Consultant, Brainstorm Legal Advocates

•

Mr. Prashant Banerjee, Project Manager - Conservation

•

Mr. Srinivas, Videovilla, Videography Consultant

•

Ms. Neha Tambe, Conservation Architect

•

Ernst & Yong LLP

•

Ms. Natasha Khaitan, Architect

•

Tac Design Pvt Ltd

•

Mr. Vinod Kumar, Field Supervisor

•

Vir Mueller Architects Pvt. Ltd

•

Mr. Izhar Ahmed, Field Supervisor

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Mr. M. Rajesh, Office Chauffeur

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Mr. Arshad Jamil, Consultant, Site Engineer

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

125

QUTB SHAHI HERITAGE PARK

For internal circulation only. ÂŠAKTC; All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced, quoted from, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, scanning, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holders. All photographs in the report have been taken by the AKTC project team. 126