Khamsat Vol. 32 No. 3 by Al_Khamsa

1 Khamsat A magazine devoted to the Bedouin Arabian Horse as recognized by Al Khamsa, Inc. Volume Thirty-Two Number Three • June 2022

“While the Arabs appreciate beauty and smooth, faultless conformation in a horse, blood and breeding alone count in their valuation of the animal, because with them blood and breeding mean a guarantee of endurance and courage, first and last.”

“I left America very much prejudiced against the Arabian horse, and while in the desert tried in every way I could to disprove the boasts of the Arabs about the endurance, courage and serviceableness of their horses. I was finally won over entirely to allegiance to the Arab horse as a horse perfectly adapted to the needs of the Arabs.

Back: Young Bedouin Mare, by Carl Raswan, from the photos left with Richard G. Pritzlaff.

Front: Painting by Sigmund Allemande, 1880, thanks to Dan Metz.

~ Charles A. Moore Jr. (companion of Homer Davenport in his trip to the Syrian desert) Journal of Military Service Institution of the United States, c.1907

“This is the quality that all Arab breeding primarily strives for. That a horse will go better on the second day of a journey than upon the first and better on the subsequent days as the journey progresses is a boast made time and time again in my presence in commendation of a horse, and a boast always made good by the performance of the horse in question. Weight carrying ability of a high order I found in every one of the dozen random mounts I used at different times during our stay in Syria. Indeed, no doubt as to a horse’s ability to carry my weight (240 pounds without saddle and equipment) ever seemed to enter the mind of any Arab. And at no time did I see in any one of my mounts any sign of distress or weakness from my excessive weight. Not one of these horses was above 14 hands 2 inches in height, and none of them was a heavy-bodied animal. This weight-carrying quality is, of course, a natural result of the Arab’s constant breeding for toughness and endurance.

“The Arab horse of the desert tribesmen is bred for a purpose, as we have bred our trotters, draft horses, hunters and running horses for different and distinct purposes. The purpose for which the Arab horse is bred is war and raiding against a well mounted enemy. As someone has truthfully put it, ‘war is a pastime to the desert Arab, quite as much so as fox-hunting is to the English and Irish country gentlemen’. I would add that war and raiding is more than a pastime with them; it is the only respectable occupation in which a gentleman of the desert may indulge. And the necessity of good horses in war is at the bottom of the Arab appreciation of a horse. It influences his judg ment of a horse’s points and the stress he places upon the various qualities a horse may possess. I should say that endurance — both ability to cover great distances at speed and ability to subsist upon scantiest forage for extended periods — is the most highly appreciated quality a horse may possess.

2 Cover Images

EDITORIAL POLICY: The policy of the Khamsat is to emphasize the aspects of owning, enjoying, breeding and learning about Bedouinbred Arabians as recognized by Al Khamsa, Inc. Al Khamsa’s standard has always been to treat all Al Khamsa bloodlines equally. The Khamsat allows more freedom of expression for independently written articles that deal with a specific breeding group. Al Khamsa reserves the right to refuse or edit articles that, in its opinion, violate the spirit of the standard of treating all bloodlines within Al Khamsa equally. Suitability of all material and ads submitted will be judged on the basis of being consistent with the goals and interests of Al Khamsa, Inc. Al Khamsa, Inc. reserves the right to reject any text or graphics submitted for publication in the Khamsat

1 Contents Charles Arthur Moore on Arabian Horses IFC President’s Message 2 Al Khamsa, Inc. Administrative Information 2 Al Khamsa Community Hub 3 Bits & Pieces 4 Spotlight 6 Exercises in Registration by a group of dedicated women 12 Al Khamsa Horses by the Numbers by Moira Walker 16 Al Khamsa Registrations from a Poll and How-To 18 What Does the DNA Say? by Beth Minnich, with Michael Bowling 21 The Bloody Shoulder’d Arabian: Many Tales by Elizabeth Al-Hazzam Dawsari 28 World Traveler by Diane Wilson 34 Preservation Task Force Report by Moira Walker 37 Al Khamsa History Ancestral Elements Series: Sa’ud 42 Advertising Information and Advertisers 51 Donation Levels and Donor Listings 52–53 Editor’s Note: Contact the Al Khamsa Business Office (info@alkhamsa.org, 970.439.5941) or Jeanne Craver (the_khamsat@alkhamsa.org, 217.742.3415) if you are interested in contributing a photo, article or advertisement. Rather than announce a closing date for advertising in advance, we will be in touch through Inside Al Khamsa and social media when the feature articles are nearing final form. Khamsat A magazine devoted to the Bedouin Arabian Horse as recognized by Al Khamsa, Inc. • Volume Thirty-Two Number Three • June 2022 Publisher: Al Khamsa, Inc. Business Office 470 Folsom Jonesville Road Jonesville, KY 41052 www.alkhamsa.org970.439.5941 Printer: Jostens/PrintLynxSedalia,Missouri

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Editor: Jeanne Craver 709 Brackett Lane Winchester, Illinois the_khamsat@alkhamsa.org62694

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SUBMIT all advertisements, unsolicited editorial materials, and correspondence to the Al Khamsa Business Office at the above address, or to the Editor at the_khamsat@alkhamsa.org ©2021, Al Khamsa, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part, electronically or otherwise, without permission is prohibited. Al Khamsa, Inc. is an organization whose supporters embrace a wide variety of viewpoints on many issues. Recognizing that the free flow of ideas is essential to the growth of knowledge, Al Khamsa, Inc. encourages the reasoned presentation of information and theory by its supporters. Publication of such material in the Khamsat does not imply agreement with the ideas expressed therein by any portion of the supporters or membership of Al Khamsa, Inc., nor does it constitute an endorsement or support for any portion of such material by Al Khamsa, Inc. or the Khamsat, regardless of any position or office held by the author(s). All such material represents a comment and/or a personal opinion of the author(s), and does not necessarily represent the official attitude, opinion, policy or position of Al Khamsa, Inc. on any issue. While the Khamsat has not intentionally printed incorrect materials or made adverse omissions, the contents are nevertheless the responsibility of the parties furnishing material for this magazine. Accuracy of information is subject to information known to us at printing deadline. We apologize for any errors which are sometimes unavoidable.

2 Al Khamsa, Inc. Administrative Information 2021-2022 Al Khamsa Officers, Board of Directors and Committees Business Office Manager Patricia Lawrence 470 Folsom Jonesville Road Jonesville, Kentucky 41052 970.439.5941 info@alkhamsa.org President P.J. Altshuler 2900 Hemming Rd Valley View, Texas 76272 pguth24916@aol.com972.802.4660 Vice President Jill Erisman 2136 N US Highway 231 Spencer, IN scribebloom1@gmail.com812.679.909747460 Secretary Kim Davis 7275 Manchester Road Capron, Illinois 61012 kdavis@sharontelephone.com815.540.3060 Co-Treasurer Debbie Mackie 24610 Middletown Blacktop AV Greenview, Illinois 62642 dmmackie@gmail.com217.968.5374 Co-Treasurer Mary Gills POB Steamboat882560Springs, CO 80488 kvf369@gmail.com818.219.9226Tucson,4515Karinrosemary@doylearabians.com541.389.9515Bend,63295RosemaryArabhorses@aol.com623.465.0568New1313Elizabethmowarda@gmail.com217.742.3415Winchester,709Jeannekatbuseq1@gmail.com913.645.0236Madison,24Kathyealdahdah@hotmail.comRockville,4932Edouardmgills327@gmail.com970.846.3747Al-DahdahMelindaCourtMD20953BuschCollegeStreetAL35758CraverBrackettLaneIllinois62694Al-HazzamDawsariEastCircleMountainRoadRiver,Arizona85087ByrnesDoyleJohnsonRanchRoadOregon97701FloydNLasonLaneArizona85749 2021-22 Committee Chairs Awards: Monica Respet & Janet Maurer Convention: PJ Altshuler & Pam Database:StudebakerJeanne Craver External Relations: Rosemary Doyle AERC Liaison: Edie Booth Middle Eastern Liaison: Edouard Al-Dahdah Finance: Mary Gills & Debbie Mackie Promotions: PJ Altshuler & Jill Erisman Nominations & Succession Planning: Rosemary Byrnes Doyle Preservation Task Force: Edouard Al-Dahdah & Kate Rhodes Publications: Jeanne Craver & Kathy Busch & Monica Respet Social Media: Nichole Grodski & Jenny Website:KriegJeannie Lieb Nichole Grodski 17 Blue Stem Lane Hawk Point, Missouri 63349 monicarespet@gmail.com610.760.1372New6635Monicaalfadee05@gmail.com970.439.5941Jonesville,470Patriciajkrieg@isicollc.com301.221.2531Poolesville,17429Jennifermegan.king23477@gmail.com717.889.6808Doylesburg,23477Meganwestcreekarabians@gmail.com631.879.1502KingPathValleyRoadPennsylvania17219KriegHoskinsonRoadMaryland20837LawrenceFolsomJonesvilleRoadKentucky41052FlynnRespetCentralRoadTripoli,Pennsylvania18066

Our editor has put together another informative and exciting edition of the Khamsat. This edition holds a sequential in-depth article by Beth Minnich and Mi chael Bowling on DNA research. Also in cluded is Elizabeth Dawsari’s story of the Bloody Shoulder markings and Diane Wil son on her World Traveling filly. Moira Walker reports her research on the trending registration numbers of Arabian horses, an area of utmost impor tance to all Arabian breeders. So, sit back, relax, learn and enjoy this issue. I also want to welcome you to look at Al Khamsa’s new website (alkhamsa.org). The Website team has spent endless hours over the past year working, reviewing and correcting the data to bring this project to fruition. The website has a fresh new look with updated features. We now have a database that will last for a considerable time into the future accom panied by top notch security. We understand that change often takes an adjustment period, until everyone feels the comfort level that they experienced in the past. Conver sion from one platform to another is expected to have some bumps along the way that will need to be corrected. This is where we could use your help. If you should come across something that is not working properly, please email us at “info@alkhamsa.org” and let us know the problem. Pro vide a specific name or function you are attempting, and what type of device you were using when you encountered the error. If you can get a screen shot of the error, that would be helpful also. We have a team ready to take your concern and investigate it to make the website run smoothly for Ifeveryone. youattended one of the last two Conventions or the Spring Gath ering, the videos are on the new website for you to view. If you did not attend one of these, you can still view them by subscribing on the website for a very modest cost. Future updates will include adding the past Kham sat’s to the subscription area. We will also add documents and videos to the website, making the new website your “go to” place for education and research on the Al Khamsa Arabian horse. Stay tuned for continued devel opments and improvements to the website. These new adjustments should be welcome Speakingchanges.ofchange, I believe change starts at home and the informa tion in this issue can be the springboard to help us start that journey to gether. For the past three decades the number of registered foals has been dropping in the Arabian Horse Association. This trend in not limited to just North American horses, it is seen worldwide. Al Khamsa horses hold a key to the DNA that can ensure that future generations of Arabian horses will be a continuation of the ancient Bedouin Arabian horse. It is impor tant to be aware of this and keep our breeding numbers adequately strong. Now, is the time to begin the Al Khamsa horse revival for the future of all Arabians. Rates

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3 Al Khamsa Community Hub Calendar

The Hungarian equestrian magazine Lovas Nemzet had first announced its international photo competition 22 years ago. In this year it is being organized again 11th time with the title: HORSES…HORSES…HORS ES….Central theme of the photo competition is the horse. Photos sent in should highlight the connection between man and horse, and the strong bond between horse and nature. Participation is possible with photographs taken on every equestrian contest, horse-show, horseback tour or other situations connected to horses and/or their riders.

• Junior: photograph in digital format may be sent in by any private person under the age of 16.

The competition is open in following categories:

Khamsat Advertising Advertising Rates can be found on page 51 of this issue. You can send your advertising to the Al Khamsa Busi ness Office or to the editor by mail or by email, or you can order advertising directly on the Al Khamsa website as part of the Al Khamsa store. Click on the main dropdown menu under Publications / Khamsat, and you will find links to selected articles, to a listing of all articles that have been published in the Khamsat since its in ception in 1984, to an order form for back issues, to order forms for advertising and subscriptions. We will be happy to create an ad for you to your requirements, or you can find specifications for preparing a copy-ready advertisement yourself under that advertising link.

Photographic Contest!

• Audience Award: Dogs and horses (Vote for your favourites on the homepage of our publisher www.lovasnemzet.hu frrom 1–15 August).

November 3–6, 2022: The 2022 Al Khamsa Annual Meeting is a virtual program this year, as we look for ward to a time when we can all get together again, face to face!

• Professional: photographs in digital format may be sent in by any private person over the age of 16 holding a professional photographer’s license or a membership with the Hungarian Photographers’ Association or earning their living by photography. Furthermore, photographers wish ing to measure their pictures with ‘professional’ ones can participate in this category.•Amateur: photograph in digital format may be sent in by any private person over the age of 16 taking photographs as a hobby and not in order to earn money, holding neither a photographer’s license nor a membership with the Hungarian Photographers’ Association.

The 1904 desert bred stallion *Deyr, part of the Daven port importation of 1906, has seen the world. He was pur chased in the Syrian city of Deyr ez-Zor on the Euphrates River. His journey touched Italy and New York on his way to Massachusetts, where he served at stud at Peter Bradley’s Hingham Stock Farm. It is possible he touched a Bradley facility in the south before being sold to Chauncey Clarke’s new breeding operation in southern California. Clarke sold *Deyr to W.K. Kellogg as part of the first group of Arabians at the Kellogg Ranch. When he died, his skeleton was preserved, and it was eventually part of the Arabian Horse Owners Foundation museum in Maryland. When the museum moved to Arizona, *Deyr instead went to Craver Farms in Illinois. In its later days, he traveled to the Los Angeles County Museum, and now, finally, his weary bones are joining those of his grandson Jadaan (*Abbeian x Amran — *Deyr x *Wadduda) at the University of Cali fornia Vet School at Davis.

http://www.waho.org/waho-conference-news/

*Deyr Joins His Grandson, Jadaan

The WAHO Conference in Jordan, which unfortu nately had to be postponed from October 2021, is now being planned for October 2022. The like ly dates for the whole event will be from 8th to 13th October, followed by post-conference tours.

Thanks to Kate McLachlan for turning up this dandy piece of history. The best image she could find was not extremely clear, so reading the stallions’ names above their stalls was not easy. So we sent the image to RJ Cadranell, who knows a lot about Babolna horses of the 19th century, and it gave him a bit of a puzzle: “Well, this is certainly fun. I think we have: Tseleby, 1830 golden bay Dahaby II, 1839 bay Koreischan, 1837 light chestnut Samhan I, 1831 grey Asslan, 1836 light chestnut Dahaby, 1826 golden bay “And Assil 1837 would be the grey in the barn aisle. I can’t find another grey purebred Arabian senior stallion at that time. “The only thing that bothers me is Koreischan is described in the literature as light chestnut, and this horse is painted as dark chestnut. But the sign above him seems to clearly say Koreischan, plus the only chestnut purebred senior stallions at that time I can find are Koreischan and Asslan.” Otto Stotz - The Stables at Babolna 1849

“I can’t really remember where I first encountered the idea of cooperative breed ing, but I’ve long considered that essen tial as well, and it only becomes more important as fewer of us are in a position to maintain larger groups of horses. One thing that always irritated me was being told ‘you never breed to someone else’s stallion because if you do you’re promot ing their breeding program.’ News flash: it’s all one program.”~Michael Bowling, 2022 Stallions as a Resource

“I would just add that a network of co operative small breeders can function with similar resources without each one main taining a large battery of stallions. The Davenports in particular have benefitted from that arrangement.”~Philip Bienvenu, 2022 ***

Bits andPieces

~ Lorriee Golanty, 2015 ***

“I am of the opinion that you cannot have too many stallions. But, that is just me. If you are a breeder, it is akin to be ing a painter or a musician. It's true you can paint with two colors, but, it really helps if you have three, at least you can mix and match. And if you are playing an in strument, really talented people can coax music out of a trash can lid, but, it really helps if one has multiple strings, or frets or openings on a wind instrument, in order to achieve variety along with harmony.”

“The importance of multiple sire op tions was emphasized at both Al-Marah and Lewisfield, so I was introduced to that idea from my earliest experience of the breed. Of course it’s essential when we’re working with a small closed pedigree group, since breeding from a higher pro portion of males increases what’s called the effective population size

~ Courtesy Kate McLachlan Sahiby Bint Baraka, or Wollie Bollie (an affectionate term meaning a “ball of wool”.

While some of us were talking about Richard Pritzlaff, RJ Cadranell did some googling and found this: https://www.biophiliafoundation.org

~ Edouard Al-Dahdah, from his blog, daughterofthewind.org

https://www.biophiliafoundation.org/pritzlaff-ranch/ Sahibi Bint Baraka “Happiness [below] is a ride on the broad warm back of ‘Wollie Bollie’: Sahibi Bint Baraka...” This mare just happens to be of current interest. Sahibi Bint Baraka [Tuwaisan (BAH) x Barakah (RAS)], 1978 photo from South Africa Arab, No. 22. A fortunate cross between a rare Kuhaylah Mimiriyah mare from Egypt and a royal gift to Dr. Valerie Noli-Marais. This mare did a lot to create the Arabian breed in South Africa, and ef forts are underway to keep her Al Khamsa eligible breeding go ing there. Her otherwise eligible descendants would be auto matically acceptable to Al Khamsa, Inc. on importation today.

The Richard Pritzlaff who heads this organization must be a great-nephew. The Ranch is being preserved, and is the basis for a Foundation of land and wildlife preservation. The big mare barn is still there. His house has been re-roofed and is the Foundation headquarters. Manuel, who worked for Richard, is the Ranch Manager for the Foundation. They are doing creek preservation, management for fire preven tion, and northern goshawk preservation. All they need are some Arabian horses! Richard would be“Thehappy.Biophilia Foundation was formed in 1999 to preserve and pro tect the Pritzlaff Ranch, near San Ignacio, NM, a beautiful and naturerich former horse ranch with views of the Sangre de Cristo mountains’ fa mous Hermit Peak. Some of the first activities of the foundation included placing a stronger easement on the property, preparing for forest fire with thinning and controlled burns, and creek restoration.”

Hallany Mistanny

“This old photo [above] of the 1937 black Saqlawi Jadran stal lion Hallany Mistanny (*Zarife x *Roda) is from Billy Sheet’s photo archives. I am not sure it’s been published before. Hallany Mistanny sired his first asil foal in his twenties, and along with his Travelers Rest (General Dickinson’s stud) mate Sirecho (*Nasr x *Exochorda), was a cornerstone of the preservation renaissance, which Jane Ott led in the 1950s.”

6 SPOTLIGHT!ZaimAEA

The 2022 Sunflower Horse Show in Topeka, KS was young stallion Zaim’s first show, after a long yet rewarding journey of his under saddle training. It’s been a very long road, but we have learned so much during this experience with him, and couldn’t be more grateful or proud of him as his breeders and owners. He did everything from Ranch Riding, Western Dressage, Sport Horse in Hand, to traditional Halter and even a Walk/ Trot class — 12 classes in total! Our biggest surprise was that he took Champion in SHIH. We hadn’t even practiced and had competition from another stallion who had won a sport horse class at National level! From that show, we recently went to the AHA-recognized Midwest Charity Horse Show in Springfield, IL this June. What an eye open er! Mostly Saddlebreds and driving ponies. Zaim saw how big, bold, snorty and powerful other horses are and handled it all so well, garnering a Reserve Western Pleasure Championship! He was nervous , but so well behaved and we are so proud of him. We look forward to our future with Zaim and will continue horse showing this year. Our goal was always to show him before breeding him. We have taken it slow, taking the time to find his niche and finally are in the ring and enjoying the ride!

He is a son of Madheen el Masr (EAI Silvereen x MB Deseena), now exported to Germany, of the *Seef sire line of the Jamil El Khebir branch. He is out of one of our foundation broodmares, Samiha KA (Vanylla Ice x Georgia KA), a TheEgyptianPrince and Mahksous grand-daughter, Zaim represents the culmination of the breeding efforts of our program, and we couldn’t be more pleased with him in type and temperament. We plan to begin his breeding career here at Acorn Arabians, Grain Valley, MO, in 2023. Zaim is currently in training with Patrick & Cassie Krahenbuhl of Fired Up Ranch in Holden, MO.

2014 grey stallion, Madheen El Masr x Samiha KA, Breeders: Kevin & Allison Nutt

ShifletPhoto:

William and I arrived at the Windsor Mews on Monday 9th May ready for three days of rehearsals before the Pageant started on the Thursday. Tuwaisan was stabled in Her Majesty’s stable block, just a few doors down from Emma and next door to Lady Louise’s Connemara pony. The route from the stables down to the showground is through the private gardens of Windsor Castle and down a steep hill known as Chalk Hill, a peaceful walk, but you have to watch out for the Corgis at certain times of the day!

HM The Queen’s Platinum Jubilee

On Wednesday my daughter-in-law Amanda arrived and exchanged places with William who went back to run the stud, whilst she stayed to help with Tuwaisan. Wednesday was the night of the full dress rehearsal, I sat and enjoyed the whole pageant in the stands while Amanda led up Tuwaisan. He took it all in his stride, flags, bagpipes, the thundering guns of the Royal Horse Artillery, mock Galleons fighting the Spanish Armada and teams of horses pulling the royal coaches, he’d seen it before during Her Majesty’s 90th Birthday celebrations. Sunday evening was the final parade and very special as Her Majesty was there to see us all. I decided that Amanda should lead Tuwaisan as it would be televised and I’d had the “telly slot” on Her Majesty’s birthday parade.

2002 asfar marshoosh stallion, Shawaf Al Bataar x Tuwaisah Raawiah, Breeder: Amiri Stud of Bahrain During 2013, HM King Hamad bin Isa Al-Khalifa of Bahrain presented HM Queen Eliazabeth II with two desert bred Arabian stal lions from his private col lection. Tuwaisan Tha’a tha’a [the name referring to the sound of hoof beats] is a speckled grey, a colour much prized in the desert and referred to as “marshoosh” in Arabic. Mlolshan Mahrous is a very glamorous chestnut with flaxen mane and tail. Both stallions have resided at Pearl Island Arabians since being gift ed to Her DuringMajesty.March 2022, I received a request for Tuwaisan to be taken to Windsor Castle so that he could participate in a very special display for HM The Queen. In celebration of Her Majesty’s Platinum Jubilee a collection of twelve of her own horses would parade in the Pageant at The Royal Windsor Horse Show. As Platinum is a precious white metal it was decided that the horses selected to parade before Her Majesty should be white; apart from on the last night when her beloved Emma, a black Fell pony would join us, led in by Terry Pendry, Her Majesty’s Stable Manager.Myson

Many of us had accommodation in Windsor Castle that week, and behind the scenes new friends were made. Jeremy the singing Mountie (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) had brought his guitar and entertained us all in the tack room after each performance. On the last night Terry Pendry sliced open several bottles of champagne with a Mountie’s sword. It was yet another magic carpet ride for me, courtesy, once again, of the Arabian horses of the Royal Arabian Stud of Bahrain. ~ Jenny Lees, 1 June 2022

TuwaisanSPOTLIGHT!PageantTha’atha’a

On the Tuesday morning we had a wonderful surprise when Her Majesty asked for the twelve horses to be paraded on the lawn by the castle. We formed a big circle around her car and she sat with the door open watching as we walked round. Her Majesty knew most of the horses by name and especially Tuwaisan. Her Majesty has always been impressed by the Tuwaisan’s manners and temperament and always visits him, armed with a bag of carrots, whenever he is in her stables at Windsor. I told Her Majesty that my 12 year old granddaughter Elsie, was riding Tuwaisan’s seven year old son Burkaan, in their Novice season of endurance. Her Majesty said, “that just shows you what a good stud stallion he is, he’s passing that temperament on.”

Klassic Nasheeta

2016 grey stallion, Treff-Haven Sabeel x Bint Matala, Breeder: Karin V. Floyd Baroud DHA completed his first 30-mile endurance race this past March 2022 after just getting started under saddle last fall. We really took to heart “to finish is to win,” and I let him set the pace. We were the last to leave base camp at the start of the race so that Baroud didn’t become overwhelmed/unmanageable with excitement and so that baby stallion theatrics were kept to a minimum. He didn’t fail to impress me yet again with how well he behaved, especially for his first big event ever. He ate and drank well after both vet checks and pulsed down quickly. We came in 17th place… out of 17, however we didn’t come home empty handed and earned the very prestigious and highly coveted TURTLE AWARD! We look forward to continuing our endurance conditioning and upcoming races, and are impressed with his athleticism, stamina and willingness to work. He is so much fun to ride!

PhotographyCowgirlAZPhoto

Photo Cassie Kranebuhl

2016 bay mare, HS Hero x Klassic Munaka, Breeder: Brad or Marcie Partlow-Williams

8 BaroudSPOTLIGHT!DHA&KarinFloyd

Klassic Nasheeta recently participated in her first show — the 2022 Sunflower Horse Show in Topeka, KS, a Class A and doublejudged show. After only four weeks of being in under-saddle training with Patrick and Cassie Krahenbuhl of Fired Up Ranch in Missouri, she received second in Basic Intro to Dressage Test and unanimously won the Performance Halter in Hand class and In-Hand Trail class, and picked up a second in the Sport Horse Junior to Handle class.

Klassic Nasheeta is a six year old Al Khamsa Arabian mare of purely Egyptian descent. Nasheeta is the result of 60 years of selec tive breeding at our farm. Nasheeta’s sire, *HS Hero was imported from Europe from Halsdon stud. *HS Hero’s sire was the legendary *Simeon Sadik. He was a multiple champion in Australia and Eu rope, including being two times Reserve World Champion Stallion. Nasheeta’s bottom tail female line goes back to the incredible mare of champions, the beautiful Maar-Ree. Nasheeta carries all the classic Arabian traits we passionately try to preserve here at Klassic Arabian Horse Farm, Olathe, KS. She has that wonderful, level-headed disposition, classic type, conforma tion, legs and gorgeous head with those popping *HS Hero eyes. Nasheeta is beauty and grace in motion that you read about in fairy tales, with the sweetest and kindest temperament. She has done so well in her debut year under saddle, and we will continue showing in the Sport Horse arena, in both performance and halter, enjoy her as an overall family riding horse, and of course, will eventually one day use her as a broodmare to continue on her precious heritage.

Baroud stands at Desert Heritage Arabians in Tucson, AZ. The future is bright for this young stallion and I will forever be grateful for taking the risk to make the journey from Arizona to Arkan sas to breed his dam to Van Alma Arabians’ stallion, Treff Haven Sabeel, seven years ago. Along with his wonderful temperament, type, conformation and size (15.2), Baroud sports an unusual New Egyptian pedigree, with only four crosses to Nazeer as well as the Gassir branch of the Jamir El Kebir tail male line. He is avail able for both live cover and fresh, cooled shipped semen and we are thrilled with his very first foal crop this year!

I have been blessed to call Sterling mine since he was weanling at five months old. He is my first purebred Arabian after having partbreds years before. He represents several generations of Imperial Farm’s Egyptian breeding program.

SPOTLIGHT! Blackcat AllThatJazz & Alesha Feaster 2004 bay mare, Thee Jazzman x Blackstar Satin, Breeder: Dolores Y. Sink

After not owning a horse since my paint mare passed away, I de cided that it was time to purchase another horse. As I was searching, I came across the ad for “Jazz”. Something really just drew her to me. Not sure what exactly but there was something special. So I went to see her and instantly decided that she was coming back with me, and with help from my husband, trailered her home.

Extremely talented, Jazz is excellent at pole bending and turns on a dime! I wish I had her as a yearling. I imagine she would have made an excellent event horse, but we do trailer to the local arena to compete in events for fun. Barrel racing is also one of my favorites to do with Jazz!

Over the years we have played around with many different ideas for competition, but life and money always seemed to get in the way. Sterling has been in clinics for Ranch Riding and Mounted Shooting. We competed in the PA games 2019 and had a wonderful time. We have been on cattle drives and sorted cattle through chutes, similar to a stockyard operation. My dream would be to be able to take Western Dressage lessons and compete.

About mid-ride, they start asking me questions about him. By the end they are telling me that he is the best behaved Arabian that they had ever seen. My hope is that by getting out there and showcasing an Arabian that is not in an arena, we can broaden the base of people who become interested in this breed. A lot of the young girls that are with their parents riding, shyly ask, when they get back to camp, if they can have an Arabian, too.

It took her a little while to adjust after moving home here to Win field, KS, but with some work we have become a pretty great team. I’m honestly not sure of her past, but she was definitely trained very well by someone! I was told that she stood in a pasture for around 10 years, but I think she knows a lot more than I do, because I’m not a trainer of Arabians by any means, and she is so smart and easy to work with! We love to hit the trails and she is very willing and not spooky at all. She seems to think (you can see it in her eyes) when something is unsettling for her before she will decide it’s not something she particularly likes. She must trust me some!

Sterling has proven to be such a great asset and he loves his job. Many people think that he is an Appaloosa because of his coloring. It is always a shock to me that the so many of the general (horse) public does not instantly recognize an Arabian. There have been many people who DID know he was an Arabian and started the ride with a bit of snobbery.

As of now, Sterling is one of my trail guide horses in Hocking Hills, Ohio for my busi ness, the Vacation Vacquero LLC. It was a business that I started last year in 2021, just to see if I could make a go of it. When my group are on stock-type horses, Sterling is who I saddle up. We rode a couple hundred miles in 2021 and are hoping to double that this year. So far we have about 150 miles logged. I guide horse people that bring their own personal horses here to Hocking and ride.

Al Muthalass BJ 2012 grey gelding, Imperial Mistarr x Imperial Karmah.

Breeder: Barry Dearle

Blackcat AllthatJazz, bred by Dolores Sink, is a great example of Combined Source, Al Khamsa breeding as well as being Code Red, as defined by our Al Khamsa Preservation Task Force. She is a wonderful blend of both some great new and old Egyptian bloodlines, and also brings in Saud, Davenport, Hamidie and Huntington Ancestral Elements. Sahanad breeders take note — her dam’s sire is linebred to Sahanad! We certainly hope that this fancy girl is able to continue on her precious lines for the future, as her pedigree lives up to her name. We certainly think she is all that jazz … and then some!

10 Jenny Krieg 17429 Hoskinson Road, Poolesville, MD 20837 Labwah09@gmail.com Bashir’s first foal has quality with substance, stylish carriage, and a strong coupling. At this young age, he already shows exceptional three circle balance: neck / shoulder / back / hip. We are so proud of this exciting colt. Congratulations, Edouard Al Dahdah! Sharif Al ArabIntroducing BashirDirrial2014 Code Red stallion by Tamaam DE out of Sarita Bint Raj Endurance breeding: Doyle, Pritzlaff, Gleannloch, & Babson plus rare American lines. Photo courtesy of Dewayne Brown

Bred and started by Richard and Cheryl Miller, Binty continues her life at Husaana Arabians and is a real pleasure added to our program. Adding Marilee and Eve also to our farm family is a huge bonus.

Photos: Nina Harf y)

Monica & Patrick Respet Husaana Arabians 6635 Central Road New Tripoli, PA monicarespet@gmail.com18066

Husaana Arabians welcomes AAA Bint Dalabba + (Bint 2004 Straight Babson Egyptian Mare, Ibn Ser Hannah x Delabba Warm thank you to Marilee and Eve Heintzberger for sharing this unicorn! Eve rode her to third level dressage nationally, did 4-H, trail riding, camping and this mare did everything she was ever asked to do.

Over the years his work resulted in an impressive legacy of des ert bred, Al Khamsa, Blue Star horses.

In that first phone conversation Ray went on to say he was in his late 70’s, retired, and was concerned for the future of his horses. He had around 40 horses at that time and was worried that if some thing happened to him his horses would end up at slaughter. When I mentioned I was involved in horse rescue, he asked for help. My heart was instantly tugged, and that was the beginning of a threeyear endeavor to help Ray and his horses.

In February 2014 I took my trailer and hauled out the first two foals to be rehomed. During subsequent trips I worked on helping get all of Ray’s horses caught, wormed, measured, groomed, and photographed for sales or rehoming ads that he or I would place later. He brought in trimmers to get hoof care up-to-date, and as the months went on, he and I both pitched in with that as well. When the need arose, we put together a round pen for some of the more challenging horses, so I could give further hands-on training, including seven who had to be trailer-trained, and some who had to be halter-broke. Registration guarantees a horse’s identity. Al Khamsa recognizes its importance in this and the next article.

12 Exercises in Registration by a group of dedicated women

Kiana’s Story

With pride, he focused on preserving straight desert bred Ara bian bloodlines and building a breeding program of the rare Al Khamsa, Blue Star horses, with lines of *Turfa, *Fadl and *Nasr.

The Problem Ray Luebbe, (Nejed Arabians) former Arabian breeder of Chewelah, WA had a passion for Al Khamsa Arabian horses. His records indicate that Ray began assembling and breeding Arabians as far back as the 1980’s.

In the summer of 2013, I was an advertising liaison for a geld ing clinic being held by a local veterinary office. Ray contacted me hoping to sign up some of his stallions and asked for help in get ting transportation to the clinic. I felt terrible that day to turn him away, I would have been happy to haul for him, but we couldn’t help him because the stallions didn’t meet safety criteria, as they weren’t halter broke.

I began traveling from Spokane to Chewelah, about an hour and a half each way, on a regular basis in January 2014. Ray was doing his best to take care of his horses; that said, they were fall ing behind on socialization and training. Some aspects of care had begun to get harder for Ray.

With thanks to Jill Erisman.

Opposite: Nejed Bindy, daughter of Em’s Comet. 2013 mare by Nejed Aby x Nejed Nijm Zarik.

pants”. She takes after her sire and stands out for naturally carrying herself with all the gentle prance and show of a princess. The girls are a big part of our family and we’ll always be grateful we’ve been able to share a life with them.

Throughout my time with Ray he worked at registering a horse here or there on his own, but our last big push together was to collect DNA samples and fill out paperwork for 19 horses that had never been registered. We met in the upstairs banquet room at a Mexican restaurant in little town Chewelah, with laptops and piles of paper work spread out on a large table. We worked through old photos to document each horse’s markings at birth, filled out each of the registration forms (2–3 pages per horse). A comedic end to a long day filling out paperwork was the surprise to learn Chewelah had no busi ness who offered copy or print services at that time, lol… Ray had the brilliant idea to go to the tiny office of a local hotel and beg them for mercy, and let us pay for the use of their copier. We ended the day with copies of everything in case the originals got lost in the mail.

An update on my own two Nejed Arabians that came from Ray… Although I never planned for them, Penny and Bindy have been a gift to have at our farm. Before the pandemic we ran a free Fri day’s horse program where kids of all ages came out each week and learned hands-on equestrian ground training at no cost. Penny and Bindy both have had small kids as young as seven years old and up assigned to partner with in the program. The kids partnered with Penny and Bindy have proudly showed the girls during the fair and tromp about with here on our farm. In addition, Penny and Bindy are always pleased as punch to volunteer to be dressed up for holidays and the costume contest at fair. They have stayed gentle and patient with all. Bindy is always the first at the gate, excited to spend time with her people. Penny is just as social but referred to as “miss fancy

What makes this last push for registration so memorable more than the above mentioned, is most of these horses were over two years old, and at a larger cost per horse for registration fees. In some cases, he paid registrations for two generations in order to give lineage to the foals. Even in the ups and downs and hard work of it all, I’m so proud of Ray; in our final year working together, his eyesight had become an issue, working to bring in income harder, driving and doing paperwork challenging, but he didn’t give up; instead, he sold land and hired drivers to haul hay for his hay business in order to earn the nearly $5,000 it took to pay for the final registra tions and protect his beloved horses’ legacy. He could have put that money into so many other areas very much needed for himself. These registrations, which he sacrificed for, contribute to the Blue Star programs, Al Khamsa, Inc., and the Arabian breed in general. These three years involved a good bit of work for me, but for Ray it involved saying goodbye to his life’s work and the connection he had with his horses. He had so much invested in this breed. I’ll never forget my time with Ray, his horses, and was glad for the experience.

Above: Nejed Penny Lane, 2013 mare, Nejed Aby x Nejed Aslan Gibi, below as Robin Hood’s trusty mount with Kiana’s son Josh.

Over the course of three years I was able to help Ray prepare nearly all of his 40 horses for placement in some way or anoth er. Amazingly, there were three left when we last spoke before he moved out of state. I hauled out a total of seven horses for him and was directly responsible for rehoming six of the seven, including Comet [see the next section]. Nejed Penny Lane stayed with me permanently and Nejed Bindy came back to me before her owner moved away. I’ve continued to receive updates from many other owners of Ray’s horses through the years, and, like Comet, I’ve loved seeing how their lives have played out. Ray also took a lot of joy in getting updates of his horses after they left his farm.

14 Em’s Story

Somehow Kiana discovered that a breeder, Ray Luebbe, needed help with his Arabians. Not just any Arabians, Ray's horses were all Al Khamsa, and all Blue Stars as far as I know. When Kiana first started working with Ray, he apparently had around 50 horses on the property, [and things were beginning to get ahead of him].

I hoped I hadn't bitten off more than I could chew, though. Comet was barely halter broke, had had two foals at that point (sadly, one filly was never registered and I have been trying to track

Then one evening—July 5, 2016—Kiana sent me a message via Messenger: Comet: Nejed Nijm Zarik 2003 Blue Star mare, Zairafan x Donallah Too. "I'm on the phone with Ray right now. Ray is willing to give comet for free to you with in the next week or so. I can transport, he will sign her over, and registration as well." And just like that, Nejed Nijm Zarik was mine. Kiana went over and picked her up before Ray could change his mind, and kept Comet at her place for a month until I could make room for her.

Several years ago I was networking with a group which sought to obtain homes for horses in the kill pen of a local horse auction. I was already known as the 'Arabian lady' with my love of Arabi ans! At the time, Washington state was a gathering point for ship ping horses to slaughter, with the horses going to Canada. Arabians were always at high risk of being sent to slaughter because people here wanted Quarter Horses and were afraid of Arabians. Histori cally, Washington has had a lot of Arabian breeders, and many of the smaller breeders were aging out and getting out of horses, putting their animals at risk. In particular, grey Arabians were at EXTREME risk for going not just to slaughter, but being sent to Mexico, because Canada would reject any horse with melanomas and the kill buyers didn't bother to even take the grey horses to the Canadian border, but shipped them straight to Mexico. This group took care of the local auction, but there were several other smaller auction houses which focused mainly on cows and other livestock, but which would occasionally run through horses, and no one was there to spot Arabians in need. There was,however, a small horse auction which took place in eastern Washington, but all of the people networking with me were in western Washington.

Kiana managed to convince Ray to get all the unregistered foals DNAd and properly registered, resulting in saving around 15 or so breeding horses from losing their identity. [Age is not kind to any of us, and it required perseverence for Kiana to work through all of the issues]. Ray wanted to wait until there was a sale on registrations, since there were so many, and some of them were for horses that were by then more than two years old. But Kiana convinced Ray to get the DNA sent, the regis trations applied for, and got those horses registered.

[It is hard for any of us to let go of our horses, our babies, and this was also true for Ray. He hated seeing his horses go to new homes, as he knew all of the work he had put into creating that herd.]Kiana was [nearing the end of what she could do], but she wanted one last thing—she had told Ray that she knew someone who absolutely loved Arabians, especially grey Arabians, and that this person would give Nejed Nijm Zarik a good home, where she would never be sold, and always loved. Ray just couldn't make up his mind about selling 'Comet', but Kiana didn't give up hoping.

And then Kiana McLay joined the network. She lives in Spo kane, very close to where this auction was held, and asked me if I would come over and show her what needed to be done to network for the horses in the eastern Washington horse auction. I went to Spokane, and the day of the auction, we discovered that the owners of the auction house had decided to no longer auction horses. But that was the beginning of my friendship with Kiana, which in turn resulted in her becoming interested in Arabians.

This summer I watched the Tevis Cup, and discovered Virtual Tevis. I documented my adventures with Comet for our 100 miles of Virtual Tevis and had a great time watching her meet every chal lenge with aplomb. She is a fabulous mare, and I will always be grateful to Kiana that not only did I wind up with this great Al Khamsa mare, but even more, to Kiana for helping get all those Al Khamsa horses registered. With out her ceaseless urging, those horses and their bloodlines would have been lost forever.

Left above: Em leading Comet at the finish of the Virtual Tevis.

Left below: Comet learning to jump.

Em leading Comet with Hannah up.

15 Hannah’s Story I’ve only been consistently working with Comet for the past 2.5 years, and in that time we have both taught each other so much. She’s the first horse I’ve ever trained, and when I began working with her her only education outside of being halter broke was knowing how to be saddled and to carry a rider at the walk. It didn’t take her long at all to learn steering and leg cues. For the first year and a half we mostly only did some walk/trot in the round pen, occasionally doing some mechanical movements like shoulder and haunch turns. This past year has been where a lot of big breakthroughs have been happening. She can comfortably carry a rider and herself at the canter now, can do haunch/shoulder turns no problem, and she quickly picked up side-passing this spring. Every time I ride her she blows my mind at how soft and willing she is to go through our exercises as well as learn new things. She’s always paying attention to me and listening, even if we’re just relaxing in the middle of the round pen or arena doing noth ing just in case I happen to ask for something. She never ceas es to amaze me with how brave, patient, calm, and forgiving she is; the complete opposite of what the Arabian stereotype is. Anything I ask she tries her best to give, and she’s always open to allowing me to try something new, whether it’s new tack, a new discipline, a new exercise, or if we go check out a new location. She’s not really spooky, is always excited for a ride no matter the weather, and loves trying new things and mixing up our routine. ~ Hannah Gramann, trainer/rider of “Comet” her down without success), and had never been started under sad dle. Comet was foaled in 2003, so she was already 13 years old at this point. I consulted with my trainer, who said she would be glad to get Comet started under saddle. Three years later, Comet still hadn't been started under saddle! I'd been doing a lot of ground work, but my trainer just kept putting it off and putting it off. With amazing good luck, though, a young woman, Hannah Gramann, who had been taking lessons with my trainer had also been working with Comet. My trainer moved an hour away, and Hannah no longer had a horse to ride. She asked me if she could keep working with Comet, and I was thrilled that she wanted to help. Finally on April 15 of 2019, at 16 years old, when many horses are considered 'too old', Comet first had a rider sit on her! We are now working on getting Comet ready for mounted archery competitions. I would love to see Comet doing some endurance rides, but Hannah has a bad knee and wouldn't be able to do any rides further than 25 miles

The ensuing registration of new foals was, conceivably, quite small as it pulled from a very small breeding population. Volume 1 of The Arabian National Studbook was subsequently published in 1913, and contained 127 registered Arabians. Just 10 horses had been foaled in 1912, with one of these being a mistaken DOB. The official number would ultimately be 23 horses — 19 of which were Al Khamsa horses, the other four of which contained bloodlines that have in the past been considered for inclusion to the Roster.

The first registering body for the Arabian horse in North Amer ica — The Arabian Horse Club of America — was pulled together by a group of breeders in 1908 in partial response to difficulties registering their horses with the Jockey Club, and comprised just a mere handful of horses. The following year in 1909 they pub lished a stud book, and within it, 71 horses had been registered. Just 11 had been born in the year prior, although the finalized data for North American registered Arabian horses born in 1908 would ultimately come out at 19. Five horses were imported to North America later, and three horses were born in the US but bred from the bloodlines of Randolph Huntington by his protégé Spencer Borden, who refused to register their horses with the AHC and instead continued to register his horses with the Jockey Club. The bloodlines of these horses would ultimately be included into what we now know as the Arabian Horse Association. Registration lo cations and numbers aside, all 19 horses born in 1908 were Al Khamsa Arabians.

A 77.3% drop in the number of annual registrations between the start of the 2000s and two decades later at the start of the 2020s is alarming by any measure of imagination, and it is all the more concerning for Al Khamsa Arabians, which make up a very small percentage of the total population of North American Arabians; this has necessitated further parsing the data available to glean a deeper insight into how this impacts our Al Khamsa Arabians. As luck would have it, researchers are now bending themselves to the task of cataloging the raw data for yearly registrations of Al Khamsa Arabians based on date of birth for both a historical perspective and an attempt to stay abreast of contemporary trends. One con sideration to make as you digest the material is that the AHA sta tistics track yearly registrations — i.e., new registrations for foals, older horses that were registered late, and imports of horses. Un like the AHA, Al Khamsa, Inc. is not a breed registry and derives more utility through tracking horses by birthdate — evidenced in the structures of both the Al Khamsa Roster and the Preservation Task Force. Relevant data for us therefore differs slightly from the official statistics the AHA provides.

Another consideration to keep in mind when looking at the sta tistics provided — particularly the further back in time we go — is that all data we utilize reflects a modern composition of Al Khamsa foundation horses as they stand now and does not accurately reflect Al Khamsa as it was then. Regardless of whether the Foundation Horses were accepted to the Roster after the years from which the data was pulled, the fact remains that these horses still existed, the Al Khamsa designation has been retroactively applied following ac ceptance, and the data presented is still representative of all blood lines in North America currently tracked by Al Khamsa, Inc.

Years ago, before the Arabian Horse Datasource became a re source available to the public, Al Khamsa researchers set out to get an idea of how rare the Al Khamsa Arabian was. Their statistical research found that Al Khamsa Arabians represented roughly 5% of Arabians in North America, but this was, of course, an estimate based on extrapolating data from the studbooks circa the 1990s, and the research was never repeated. We now have at our finger tips the tools to more precisely examine what registration numbers look like today for the Al Khamsa Arabian, utilizing a database that not only updates quarterly and instantly with new registrations (as opposed to yearly studbooks) but which also allows us to sort by bloodline designation and birth dates, and cross reference with the enormous Al Khamsa Roster. These are truly powerful tools that allow us to extract and contextualize large swathes of registration data with relative ease. With this data, what unfolds before us is a picture of a declining breed with over a century of registration information to give us both an immediate and a more historical perspective for what we are looking at.

Al Khamsa breeders have always been concerned with the vi ability of their breeding populations and the ability to carry them forward. It’s no secret that registrations are down across the board for the breed, and there are concerns about what the future holds for the Arabian horse: for us, this more specifically means the Al Khamsa Arabian. A rather shocking statistic has been making rounds in the community of late, based on a datasheet provided by the Arabian Horse Association: Annual Registrations, 2000: 9,660 horses Annual Registrations, 2021: 2,189 horses

By The Numbers: A Brief Introspection on Al Khamsa Registration by Moira Walker

As in the 1909 publication, not all of the horses born in 1912 were registered in this book (three were later imported), and once more, Spencer Borden had declined to register his six foals with the AHC.

A decade ago, Bruce M. Johnson, a member of the AHA Registration Commission and writing for Institute for the Desert Arabian Horse, out lined some of the ensuing early regis tration statistics in his article “Where have all the Arabians gone?” He reported that in 1932, there were 75 horses registered; thirteen years later in 1945 just before the World War II boom, 398 horses were registered, an exponen tial explosion of breeding; by 1956 there were 1,097 new registrations; 1960 saw a doubling this number with 2,084 registrations; and fi nally, in the hey-day of what we now call the Golden Age of the Arabian Horse, 1985, there were over 30,000 horses registered for that year. Read that again: more than 30,000 horses regis tered in a single year. In the backdrop of this era was the rise of what you could term the Egyptian Phenomenon, an explosion of the popularity and population of this subset of Al Khamsa bloodlines, which ben efited from both an extremely successful market ing campaign and availability of breeding stock. The land scape demographics of vari ous bloodline subsets shifted dramatically during this era, from virtually no horses that fit the modern definition of Straight Egyptian at the be ginning of the 20th century to over 70% of annual Al Khamsa registrations fitting within the Straight Egyptian by the time 1985 had rolled around. For those familiar with their history, you know what happened next: in 1986 then-President Ronald Reagan closed the tax loophole that allowed Arabian horse breeders to utilize these horses as tax shelters, and almost overnight, the value of the market collapsed and the incredible upward trajectory of the breed crashed. There was a dramatic and immedi ate decline in overall AHA registrations, and breed registrations have been in a downward slide ever since.

17 He wouldn’t relent until 1917, just a few years before his death in 1921. Borden would not be the last breeder to decline to register their horses with a governing registering body. Even to day, Al Khamsa includes within its ros ter horses that have not been registered with the AHA, such as the Cavedo mare Lira II, registered with the IAH RONA and which the AHA declined to register. This is an issue that also im pacts the Tahawi horses, most of which are unregistered with any WAHOaccepted registry.

In 1980, North America saw the registration of 622 Al Khamsa Arabians, a fractional percentage of the rising totals of yearly foals. Of the afore-mentioned 30,000+ horses registered in 1985, just 1,196 (<4%) of them were Al Khamsa Arabians. This number would remain fairly stable through the 1990s and into the turn of the 21st century, with the total number of AK regis trations coming in at 1160, roughly 11.5% of the total 10,075 registrations. By contrast, two decades later, AK registrations for the year 2020 came in at 179 horses, just 10.3% of the 1,733 total registrations — approxi mately a 91% drop in registrations for the past 35 years, with total AHA registration numbers on par with the level of breeding North America saw in the latter half of the 1950s, nearly 70 years ago. Within modern Al Khamsa registrations, the gene pool continues to skew strongly toward Straight Egyp tian breeding, carrying over from their success in the mid-to-late 20th century. In the 1980s, approximately 20-30% of all Al Khamsa registrations were other than Straight Egyptian: Egyptian-sired, Egyptian-influenced in the pedigree, or the rarer horses with no Egyptian breeding in their pedigrees whatsoever (the Davenports and the Blue Stars comprise this group.) In the 2010s, the cut ranged at approximately 5-12% and averaged at 8% — 3–4 times less than the 1980s. The Straight Egyptian population has continued to dominate the to tal Al Khamsa population, with a very small percentage (an average of just 3%) of Al Khamsa horses containing no Egyptian breeding whatsoever within their pedigrees. That’s not to say that Straight Egyptians are not rare or in danger, to say nothing of the multiple Code Red and Code Orange elements within that par ticular population. The raw numbers show that less than half the numbers born in the 00s were born in the 2010s. Anything not Straight Egyp tian is simply rarer still — to put it in perspec tive, the total number of all these other horses born 2000–2020 is less than the total number of Straight Egyptians registered in 2000–01. Inter estingly, despite total Arabian horse registration steadily declining overall throughout the 00s, in the lead up to the market crash of 2008, Al Khamsa registrations actually held fairly stable, with small increases and decreases in numbers. Following the 2008 market crash, the number of Al Khamsa Arabian registrations also began to swan dive. Despite this, the past two decades have shown that Al Khamsa Arabians actually command a significant percentage of yearly reg istrations. At its lowest, 10.3%; at its highest, nearly 17%; with a two-decade average of 13.6% of all AHA registrations. This is 2–3 times more than the 5% cited circa the 1990s. The overall breed pie is much smaller, but today Al Khamsa Arabians comprise a much larger piece of it. This, as Joe Ferriss put it, suggests an enduring interest in Al Khamsa Arabians despite an overall depressed breed and economy.

An Al Khamsa Facebook Poll about Registration of Al Khamsa Arabians

• The foal’s information – name, foaling date, gender, color

• Identity — Lack of genetic material for parentage testing. The first parentage testing was done using blood-typing, and some older horses only had blood typing done. Blood samples can only be compared with blood samples. The testing lab may still have blood in storage.

• Type of service (pasture, in hand, artifical insemination, use of chilled or frozen semen)

Registering Your Foal

“DNA typing has been used for some years now. But DNA can only be compared with DNA. Is there any hair (with roots) from the deceased horse: hair pulled from its mane or tail or a saddle pad that was only used with that horse? Are there avail able skeletal remains of the deceased horse? DNA may be able to be extracted from bones or teeth.

• Breeding dates

• Paperwork — lack of signatures. You may need to locate past or present owners and will need detective work.

“As a last resort: after AHA cancels the registration application, you can ask for a registration hearing where you can present docu mentary evidence of the horse’s identity. Don’t give up!”

• Sire and Dam names/registration numbers

Jenny Krieg, our Al Khamsa expert in these matters, has some advice. “In my experience, the Arabian Horse Association registry has been very helpful. First, what is the issue?

• All necessary signatures

Good advice is to get AT LEAST preliminary information on the registration application and AT LEAST part of the fee, so that your foal is in Registry records. Done within the first six months, Al Khamsa conducted an online poll of Al Khamsa Facebook en thusiasts, asking about registration practices. All Arabian horse regis trations are down, and while Al Khamsa registrations are not down as much as the rest of the breed, it is important for us to understand the problems causing the decline. The biggest issue, of course, is lack of production of foals, and it has many causes, of which the most difficult to tackle are cultural and fi nancial. The culture we live in now is farther and farther removed from the country and suburban living where horses were easily kept on one’s own come in waves, and the last fifteen years, with the Great Recession and the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic have been particularly rough. However, one issue is more easily at tacked: non-registration of a produced foal, or crossing a mare outside the breed, or outside of Al Khamsa blood lines. this preserves the least expensive fee. It is also worth joining the Registry, as the registration fees are considerably cheaper that way. What if it isn’t that simple? Maybe the foal wasn’t registered right away, and there are prob lems in the chain of ownership, or someone or dam or sire has died. Maybe one or both of the parents of the foal were not DNA-typed. (This is happening less, as it is now a requirement of registration.)

• Markings (dampening the area may be needed to see the mark ings on the skin) All Purebred Arabians must be DNA tested and qualify to their Purebred parents. DNA Typing for the foal included with registra tion. When your paperwork and fees are on file with the Registry, they will send you what you need and instructions on getting the mane hair follicles, which is where the DNA is stored.

A foal is born! And it is wonderful! The proposed mating worked out, the mare got in foal. The pregnancy went well, the mare foaled easily, the foal is up and nursing! The foal is just what you dreamed it would be. One thing you need to do is to register that foal, so it can take part in the ancient and beautiful Arabian breed. How does that happen? What do you need to do? Go to the Arabian Registry website: https://www.arabianhorses.org/registration/ registrations/. Ask them for help if you need it! Fill out the application with care – don’t forget to include:

Financialproperty.issues

20 INDIE STAR 559682 Shipped Frozen Semen Now Available! Signed Photos: Christine Emmert 1998 Pure Davenport stallion Kuhaylan Kurush-Plus Clear for SCID, CA, LFS & OOAM Proven Producer of beautiful, athletic “in your tent” foals! We are so proud of his foals! Lightning Pearblossom,RanchRodCaliforniaBduecker @hughes.net L--R: Alhaya 2020 (x Halas Shamsi Eclipse); Mai Raisuli 2002 (x Pretty Special CF); Soheila Star 2004 (x Pretty Special CF); CJ Hanas Thunder 2019 (x Ayla LF). by Mandarin CF x GBarH Asjah

Preservation breeding represents the interface of history, genet ics, and biology with the practical side of horse breeding. Due in large part to the Human Genome Project, the past 30 years has brought significant advancements in the fields of genetics and ge nomics. Using knowledge and technology garnered from this land mark project, the first map of the horse genome was completed in 2007, with the third version (EquCab3.0) released in 2018. Along with research devoted to simple and complex diseases, color, and athletic performance, growing areas of interest include investiga tion of genetic diversity, breed ancestry, mtDNA, and the Y chro mosome.Genomic tools have been in use in the Arabian horse commu nity for decades; with the test for SCID available since 1997 and DNA profiling (including parent verification) being part of Ara bian horse registration since 2002. Prior to the implementation of DNA profiling, bloodtyping of stallions was initiated in the 1970’s and parent verification via bloodtyping started with 1991 foals. With the rate at which research is expanding and the increased speed of test development, updates from the lab are frequently an nounced. At times, the information can be overwhelming and con fusing, not to mention controversial. This can be especially true as owners work to understand how the current ‘science’ impacts their horses and breeding programs. When the research has implications for the selection of breeding stock, especially where small popula tion closed groups are involved, it becomes crucial to discuss and understand this work.

purchasing horses and determining breeding selections. Inaccurate pedigrees can significantly impact these decisions by erroneously assigning individuals to incorrect lineages (or even breed identi fication), resulting in identification errors, inaccurate estimates of inbreeding and relatedness, and misguided decision making. The process of DNA profiling and parent verification helps ensure accu racy at registration, resulting in reliable identification and pedigrees for use by owners and breeders.

What Does the DNA Say?

• Parentage testing identifies individuals who, due to a specific combination of genetic markers (alleles), could qualify as a parent for a specific offspring. The parent verification process Breeders can benefit from these scientific studies by gaining a more general understanding of what the sciences does and does not tell us and incorporating genomic tools into their breeding programs. DNA Profiling and Parent Verification DNA testing for individual profiling and parent verification is a familiar procedure for owners and breeders registering horses with the Arabian Horse Association. Although this requirement has been in place for decades, it is an example of a technology that plays an important role in supporting preservation breeding programs. Breeders rely heavily on pedigrees to inform decision making for

o In addition to mandatory DNA profiling and parent veri fication for registration, the Arabian Horse Association also provides a DNA test service to assist in identifying a horse with an ‘unknown identity’. If the horse was previ ously registered (with a DNA profile on file), the test result will indicate there is a profile match, and the horse can be identified through its associated registration record. While a successful identification does not guarantee an owner transfer regarding registration papers (there are still paper work requirements), gaining the identity of an ‘unknown horse’ can help with keeping horses in the Al Khamsa breeding pool. If there is no profile match, it means the horse is unregistered (or possibly it is an aged horse regis tered prior to the DNA requirement). The ability to reunite a horse with its registered identity emphasizes the impor tance of registration and its value for maintaining a horse’s identity and worth. All Al Khamsa horses should be regis tered, to help safeguard this vital group of Arabian horses. (Note: if there is no profile match, the process ends – as AHA will not use the DNA profile of an unmatched horse to try to determine parentage).

• DNA profiling, currently done with microsatellite markers, is a unique form of genetic identification. DNA profiles pro vide a base for conducting parent verification for registration purposes. These ‘DNA fingerprints’ also provide a method to confirm identity of a horse should a question arise. A simple comparison between the profiles of samples will show if the profiles belong to the same horse. This is especially valuable for a horse sold without registration papers or pedigree informa tion. With DNA profiles included in horse records, accurate identification is possible to obtain the identity of an unknown horse or clarify a questionable identity.

Using Genomic Tools in Preservation Breeding by Beth Minnich & Michael Bowling

Within the realm of Al Khamsa, the goal of preservation breeding is to maintain the traits, characteristics, and hereditary factors which are representative of the horse of Bedouin Arabia – in short, to pre serve genes for the future. This preservation effort goes beyond the Al Khamsa community though. Since a breed is the sum total of all its individual horses, preservation breeding carries the unspoken as sumption that the ‘preserved’ genes will benefit the breed as a whole. While at the same time, preservation breeding emphasizes that a breed must not be viewed as the average of all its ‘random mating’ individuals; in order to preserve we must identify and try to understand the differing strands of its makeup.

Currently, there are >25 equine genetic disorders that have DNA tests available, including several associated with the Arabian horse (Cerebellar Abiotrophy, Lavender Foal Syndrome, Occipitoatlanto axial Malformation, and Severe Combined Immunodeficiency). The mutations for these disorders have been found in a wide range of lines within the Arabian breed, including Al Khamsa lineages. From a historical perspective, a primary reason why these mutations have persisted in the gene pool is that popular ancestral horses were car riers. Because many of these horses were desirable individuals and therefore regularly used for breeding, these mutations have contin ued to be passed along through the generations. An important con sideration regarding a recessive disorder is the mutant gene is not the disease; it is simply 1 of 20,000 genes in a horse’s genome and is not expressed in the single state. In practical terms, the negative im pact of these genetic disorders comes from the production of affected foals, and not simply from the existence of the mutations.

Another option available to help manage these disorders and maintain as many lines as possible is the use of suitable clear off spring of carrier horses, when available. This combines the best of both worlds, in that desirable lines can continue to be used through clear offspring. Within the Arabian breed, and particularly within the Al Khamsa community, there needs to be a preservation and con tinuation of lines, not an exclusion or removal of them. For once these lines are gone, they are gone forever and cannot be replaced.

Genetic Diversity

o For some interesting case history. Over the years, there have been several Arabian horse registration cancellations due to DNA or parentage disqualification. One of the most un usual cases involves the cancellation of Half-Arabian regis tration papers for two competitive cutting horses who were determined to have no Arabian parent. Genetic Disorder Testing

• Inbreeding Inbreeding is an old and powerful tool which has been in use in agriculture for thousands of years. In fact, it is a part of any closed breeding group; the basis comes from taking related animals for use as breed ing stock. Inbreeding is an important tool that has up and down sides. It can be a useful tool to concentrate the genes of a superior ancestor, fix a desired type, and increase prepotency. However, excessive inbreed ing comes with a cost that can manifest as a less ro bust immune system, reduced reproductive efficiency, reduced growth, and increased incidence of genetic diseases.

While these mutations have a lengthy history within the Arabi an breed, modern technology provides an opportunity to avoid the production of affected foals with testing, along with selective mat ing strategies to prevent breeding carriers together. [See Figure 1]

is based on the principle of exclusion. This means if a DNA profile of an offspring is compared to the profiles of its report ed sire and dam, and a match cannot be made to one or both parents, the parent(s) is/are excluded. However, if matches are made (at each DNA marker evaluated), then the parent(s) is/ are said to qualify. For registration purposes, an offspring must qualify to both parents - any exclusion results in a registration odisqualification.Parentagetesting

Although a primary goal in breed wide management of genetic disorders is the production of zero affected foals, the breeding of Arabian horses is not just about test results. Decision making also needs to consider the best ways to produce quality Arabian horses, while maintaining as much genetic diversity as possible within the breed. The overall goal of incorporating testing into the decisionmaking process for breeding is to produce quality without tragedy; it is not to automatically remove horses from the breeding shed.

is highly reliable, with exclusions being 100% accurate and most parentage qualifications having an accuracy >99% when both parents are included. However, this accuracy can decrease when the potential parents are part of a group of closely related animals. This is due to the potential of an animal closely related to an actual parent possessing markers that make it appear to be the correct par ent. In complicated cases, the laboratory can test with ad ditional DNA markers to assist with determining parentage.

Charles Craver wrote: “Preservation breeding means setting a boundary around treasured areas of past breeding. Each is kept as a sep arate entry, as a capsule of Arabian breeding that does not change with time as far as essentials are concerned. These separate, distinct capsules are not isolates in Arabian breeding. They contribute on a continuing basis to the larger Arabian breeding scene as effective elements of current activity. Some Preservation horses attain the highest honors in their own right. It is surprising how many others turn up as parents and grandpar ents of successful horses. Preservation breeding is not a matter of being a hermit or operating a zoo for antique types of Arabian horses.”

Breeders have long been accustomed to assessing relatedness through pedigree evaluation. But pedigree is only an estimate and is often not nearly as accu rate as once thought. Although we know half of an individual’s DNA physically comes from each par ent, what is in the background of that DNA is not always the same. Even with the existence of elegant mathematical equations, Mother Nature can add in some twists. Due to natural distribution, on average full siblings share a 50% (.5) relationship. However, any two individuals can vary in the degree of sharing, depending on which alleles they received from their sire and dam. The actual genomic relationship of full siblings is represented by a bell curve; with some horses show ing the expected .5 (50%) and others showing, for example, .4 (40%) or .6 (60%). [See Figure 2] The wider that curve, the greater the lack of accuracy when using a pedigree estimate.

Within the Arabian breed, research shows evidence of rela tively high inbreeding within some individuals, especially in the Straight Egyptian subgroup — which had a group mean inbreed ing coefficient (F) of 30%. This is an important finding, since the study notes the level of inbreeding “may be reaching levels sufficient to impact animal health.” In addition, because inbreeding drives genes to fixation and can lead to the loss of alleles from the popu lation, one goal of preservationist planning should be to minimize the average degree of inbreeding. Inbreeding is not an end in itself. Another important point is homozygos ity does not equal ‘breed purity’. In fact, this skewed concept of ‘purity’ is directly at odds with horses in the Middle East maintaining higher levels of historical ge netic diversity.

• Relatedness and Heterozygosity/Homozy gosity – Pedigree vs. Genome

numbers for each horse are needed, instead of using a general trend over the herd average. As shown by data from a study by Dr. Mohamed Al Abri, et al., pedigree estimates can greatly under- or over-estimate actual inbreeding values based on genomic measures. Another example from this study shows full siblings with the same pedigree in breeding values can have different genomic inbreeding values and levels of homozygosity. [See Figure 3 and Table 1]

To enable conservation efforts and management of inbreeding in at-risk subgroups, more information on genomic diversity in breed subgroups is needed. Since genetic diversity is the basis of the genetic health of an individual or breed, having inbreeding and hetero / homozygosity values is useful. Commercial testing is now available which provides calculations of ‘F value’ (measure of inbreeding) and ‘heterozygosity’ (measure of the proportion of loci which have different alleles). Higher heterozygosity means more genetic variation and lower homozygosity (measure of the proportion of loci which have two identical alleles). With this information in hand, breeders can utilize genomic data, along with pedigree, conformation, and health as selection criteria when making breeding decisions. mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited maternally and used for tracking genetic history through the tail female line. Nu merous studies have found there is a great deal of mtDNA varia tion in the horse, consistent with the interpretation that many wild dam lines contributed to the early domestic population. mtDNA haplotypes are specific DNA sequences that can be used to geneti cally distinguish one dam line from another; making this a tremen dously useful tool to help characterize genetic diversity within the breed. Over the past 30 years, 28 haplotypes representing over 115

Depth of pedigree (the number of generations available to evaluate) can also significantly impact the degree of accuracy of using pedigree as the basis for estimating homozygosity. If these measures are going to be used to guide breeding decisions and assist in keeping inbreeding levels in check, a better method is needed for calculating. Although there is a relationship between genomic measures and pedigree estimates, breeding decisions are made for individual horses; breeders do not work with herd av erages when planning specific matings. As such, the individual Arabian horse breeders, especially those interested in preserva tion of Al Khamsa horses, want to maintain rare alleles and het erozygosity in unique groups, both in the Middle East and abroad. The remarkable genetic diversity found in cradle countries suggests these geographically defined populations may contain valuable ar chives of ancient ancestry. [See Genetic Diversity & Complex Ances try in the Arabian Horse. Khamsat, May 2021 for further context.]

Y Chromosome

The tradition of using strain names is something developed by the Bedouins and passed down through the generations. In looking back to when the strain naming system was originally developed, it suggests that the Bedouin had a group of mares of unknown mater nal relationships, and strain names were given based on ownership or some special individual characteristic of a famous mare. With this in mind, a strain does not automatically indicate a ‘unique’ be ginning. So, it is logical and quite possible that two horses can have different strains, but still share common maternal line ancestors.

Acknowledgements

24 tested maternal lineages have been identified. This research has iden tified several foundation mares that share the same haplotype, which means they share a historical common female ancestor (several hun dred to several thousand years ago). Other lines are unique, which means to date there have been no other foundation lines that match.

mtDNA analysis has also been used to help resolve conflicting information in the historical record (e.g., Bint Yamama), as well as long standing pedigree questions (e.g., Domow). mtDNA re search has also identified cases where separate branches of the same foundation line show distinct haplotypes (e.g., Urfah dam line –Saleefy branch is different from the Sheria and Rhua branches). When reconciling the information that has come out of these cases (and others like them), it is important to remember that knowing about the mtDNA has not changed anything about the horses. All it has changed is an aspect of what we know about them, specifical ly about the biological dam lines as opposed to (or at least separate from) what the oral traditions and written records say about them. Historically, the Arabian horse community has placed considerable emphasis on the female lines of pedigrees, based on the desert tradition of tracing descent through matrilineal strains; studying mitochondrial DNA gives students and breeders a handle on the biological reality of these dam lines. Western science is not calling into ques tion the accuracy of tribal strain designations; what we have a chance to do is reconstruct the history of strain development and compare the biology with the oral tra dition.The information obtained from mtDNA testing pro vides key information about individual tail female lines, along with furthering knowledge about the breed’s histori cal development and structure.

The Y chromosome is paternally inherited, making the malespecific, non-recombining part of this chromosome (MSY) ideal for tracking genetic history through the tail male line. To date, 20 Al Khamsa foundation sire lines have been tested; all clustered into one of the Arabian defined haplogroups (Ao-aA, AoaD, or Ta). [See An Overview of Y Chromosome Ancestry in Al Khamsa Foundation Sire Lines. Khamsat. March 2022 for details] With commercial Y chromosome testing becoming accessible in the near future, further information will be available to study individuals of each haplotype, seeking insight into any potential connections be tween haplotypes and tribal sources or geographic regions. As more lines are tested, we will continue to gain a deeper understanding of individual tail male lines, as well as structure and origins of the Arabian horse. Using the Genomic Toolkit Wisely Biological advances provide access to another set of informa tion, another angle from which to view individual horses and breed history. We can expect such information both to answer old ques tions and to raise new ones. Even with its twists and turns, this journey of discovery will grow our understanding and appreciation of the Arabian horse. Using these genomic tools, breeders can ac cess valuable information to assist in guiding preservation efforts of the Al Khamsa Arabian horse.

While individual breeders will always have their preferences for which horses to breed, it is hoped breeding decisions will be in formed and educated. The use of genomic tools, whether testing for genetic disorders or inbreeding measures, are tools to be used to assist in making informed breeding decisions; nothing more and nothing less. For breeders, the information gained from these genomic studies can be used to assist in guiding decisions regard ing their breeding programs and the preservation of rare blood lines. For the breed, the value of these genomic tools is their use by breeders to assist in making decisions that will maintain the quality, integrity, and health of the Arabian horse.

Thank you to Dr. Samantha Brooks for her assistance and grati tude to Scott Benjamin for his advice and inspiration.

There are also lines recorded of the same strain which have differ ent mtDNA haplotypes, meaning different ancestors. This implies that a strain could be founded on a group of mares, perhaps in a specific human family ownership. So, the concept of strain name was not something tied to a unique biologic origin, but rather was influenced by the customs of the Bedouin.

A central finding from mtDNA research is some families record ed with different strains have the same mtDNA. While others, re corded as of the same strain, show substantial mtDNA differences. Even though horses in this first category share the same female an cestry, yet different strains, it does not mean the strains are wrong. What this finding strongly implies is strains, as they have come down to us, descend from multiple foundation mares and were sampled from a pre-existing population without pedigree records.

***

5. Almarzook, S, et al. “Diversity of mitochondrial DNA in three Arabian horse strains.” Appl Genet. 2017 May;58(2):273-276.

6. Al Khamsa Arabians III. Ed. by Al Khamsa, Inc. 2008 Edi tion, Al Khamsa, Inc.

2. Al Abri, M, et al. “Application of Genomic Estimation Meth ods of Inbreeding and Population Structure in an Arabian Horse Herd.” Journal of Heredity, 2017, 361–368.

References: 1. Cosgrove, EJ, et al. “Genome Diversity and the Origin of the Arabian Horse.” Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 16;10(1):9702.

7. Minnich and Bowling. “An Overview of Y Chromosome Ancestry in Al Khamsa Foundation Sire Lines.” Khamsat. March 2022. Arabian Horse

3. Minnich and Bowling. “Genetic Diversity & Complex An cestry in the Arabian Horse.” Khamsat, May 2021.

Funding Research to Support the

Donate Today thearabianhorsefoundation.org Davenport Arabians Visit us and enjoy horses and the beautiful Rocky SteamboatWindsorMountainsArabiansMaryBuserGillsPOBox882560Springs,CO80488 mgills327@ gmail.com 970.846.3747 Summer Blush WA 1996 black mare (Persuasion x Modesty Blaise) Gypsy Moth WA 2006 black mare (Barbican CF x Summer Blush WA) Like Mother, Like Daughter!

4. Minnich and Bowling. “Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) –What Is It and What Does It Tell Us?” AHA Equine Stress, Re search and Education Committee. 2011.

26 The Doyle Arabians Celebrating 74 years of Preservation Breeding Since 1949 Gulida Meath DE, a 2009 chestnut Saqlawiyah Jadraniyah of Ibn Sudan mare Carver DE x Gulida Kells DE63295 Johnson Ranch Road Bend, Oregon 541-788-563997701 doyle@bendnet.com Facebook: The Doyle http://doylearabians.orgArabiansBreeding the strain of Saqlawi Jadran of Ibn Sudan

Chef Al Khamsa and QCD Chef Al wants you to know that if you are over 70 you can make a tax free gift from your IRA as a Qualified Charitable Distribution (QCD). The transfer must go directly from your IRA to Al Khamsa. Your IRA custodian has an easy form for you to use. The amount of your gift is excluded from your gross income and it counts toward your required minimum distribution.

A Charitable Remainder Trust may be another way to give to Al Khamsa that can provide you with tax advantages. Helping Al Khamsa may end up helping you at tax time. Check it out with your accountant.

If you want to donate the old fashioned way as well, you can designate your donation specifically for the general fund, the endowment, the AERC Fund or give to the Preservation Task Force by pressing this button on our website or mailing your check to the Business Office 470 Folsom-Jonesville Road Jonesville, KY 41052

LegendsThe Bloody Shoulder’d Arabian: Many Tales by Elizabeth Al-Hazzam Dawsari

There’s political and cultural significance to that statement when one examines Wootton paintings of The Bloody Shoulder’d Arabian and when the tale is recounted in modern times.

Originally published in The Society News Letter,Vol. 17, Winter 2021–2022. The Society for the Perpetuation of Desert Bred Salukis.

In September of 1982, Arabian Horse World pub lished a version of the story. In this recitation, the “most prized possession” of a Bedouin chief tain by the name of Ahmed, “was a beautiful grey mare renowned as the fleetest and most beauti ful horse in the world that kings and chieftains had tried to ac quire.” Of course Ahmed had to scour the desert in the quest of a mate suitable for his mare and, naturally, he “bred her to the Sultan’s premier stallion.” What other stallion would be worthy of her? Here’s where the story touches upon the essence of the earliest iteration of the legend associated with John Wootton’s 1724 painting (or was it really in 1723?) dis covered thus far, the 1719/20 record of Captain Oliver. (But more about the Captain later.) According to the Captain, our chieftain, Ahmed, ran into a band of robbers. According to the Arabian Horse World, shot and mortally wounded by the robbers, Ahmed “fell over the neck of his beloved mare, who never slowed. She carried him to his tents on this final ride,” his blood drying as it ran down her shoulder. That night, she foaled a “perfect specimen of the Arabian breed” that carried the same bloody mark on his shoulder. And that colt’s descendants to this day carry the same insignia. Please make note of the reference to “perfect specimen of the Arabian breed.”

28 Did a flesh and blood pro totype for the bloody shoul dered Arabian legend ever exist? Of course! From where did the notion emanate? Tales abound, with documented and graphic evi dence of such a horse’s existence dating from the early 1700s, per haps much, much earlier, all the way to the prolifera tion of modern versions repeated in print and on the Internet, each with a little dif ferent twist. The common thread of all retelling links a skirmish, or battle in the desert, followed by a rider’s flight slumped across his trusty war mare, his dried blood indelibly staining her shoulder and becoming a part of her DNA. Pierced by a bullet in some stories, a lance in others, even a sword in one or two, the mortally wounded rider is borne home. The story never ends there. The mare foals, often said to be on the same night as her return, delivering a colt similarly marked by the rider’s blood as seen dried upon his dam’s shoulder. Subsequent descendants, generation after generation, manifest the marking. This is the substance of the legend. Is there any truth to it, or is the blood red stain more likely associated with grey horses born chestnut? The fact remains, grey Arabians exist today with a variety of rusty red markings on their shoulders or elsewhere on their bodies. There’s even a Breyer Horse model celebrating such a horse. But let’s look at a few of this story’s iterations.

Quite a gripping story, no? Another unfolding of the Bloody Shouldered Arabian story was written by Carol Deegan in the May 2000 issue of Arabian Horse World on page 132. In this later version,

the Bedouin isn’t named nor are robbers or bullets mentioned. However, the Bedouin is mortally wounded in battle, and his mare “went for days without food or water to return her master to his family.” The mare was in foal, and when her colt was born, he “also bore the identical ‘bloody shoulder’ that his mother had from her master’s blood.” Now here’s where this story touches upon another possible source for the legend, this one attributable to Shia iconog raphy, specifically to Zuljenah, Husayn’s grey horse with his bloody shoulder and mortal wounds from arrows. (Who’s Husayn? Later.)

Carol Deegan’s story continues, “It was then that the tribe realized that Allah had rewarded this mare and their tribe for their courage, loyalty and faith and that the bloody shoulder was a reminder of His favor. … graced by God with the bloody shoulder. … a sign of Allah’s favor.” That fact is repeated for emphasis. Where does this legend come from? Nobody can say for certain, at least not yet, but there are two potential sources. The first is asso ciated with the Wootton painting, The Bloody-Shoulder’d Arabian, and the second is related to the death of Husayn Ibn ‘Ali with his faithful horse, Zuljenah, in the Battle of Karbala in 680. but of different kinds, and such as we fly at antelopes ; and if they show you as good sport in England as they have done here I flatter myself that they will not be unworthy of Lord Harley’s acceptance. If they arrive, it is impossible but that they must be in very bad condition, which together with the forwardness of the season will render it necessary to put them immediately into the mew. I send also a little greyhound bitch of this country that has been used to the hawks.” Nathaniel Harley’s letter continues, referring to the horse that has “been more taken notice of than I desired, and has had the honour of being visited by the Turk himself incognito, who would have him for the Grand Signior’s [sic] own stable. … I shall not be easy till I hear he is on board ship. … Now that I have dispatched away my horses, my dogs, and my hawks, you may be sure I shall not remain long here …” (The Manuscripts, page 255) In a 1716 letter to his nephew, Robert Harley, Nathaniel Har ley details a several days hunt in pursuit of antelope, or gazelle, with hawks and hounds, a colorful recounting published on pages 258 and 259 of The Manuscript. It is his next letter wherein the Bloody Shouldered Arabian appears for the first time. On Febru ary 21, 1716-17, Nathaniel Harley writes to his brother, Edward, “Aleppo.—I have sent down to Scanderoon a horse to be shipped aboard the Ohslow (hard to read this word in the text). I cannot tell whether he can be got off, the prohibition being very strict at pres ent. He is a Gordeen horse, one of the best among them. I bought him from under the Bey of the mountains.” (The Manuscripts, page 259) On May 18, Nathaniel Harley writes that the horse has been returned to him, perhaps because the Captain was unwilling to encumber himself with a horse on ship board due to the war with Sweden. (The Manuscripts, page 260). Documentation accompanying the horse is attributed to Cap tain Oliver, who apparently was responsible for shipping the horse. According to what the Captain was told, robbers (remember them?) attacked and wounded the owner of the colt’s dam, and it Wootton really liked the horse. Instead of engravings, he paint ed multiple but similar versions of the Bloody Shouldered Arabian, an Arabian stallion imported into England from Aleppo. Donna Landry writes, “The horse had arrived in England by sea in the spring of 1719/1720, shipped home by Nathaniel Harley, an Eng lish merchant at Aleppo, for his nephew, Edward, Lord Harley (1689-1741), who in 1724 would succeed his father, Robert Har ley, and become the second Earl of Oxford. Wootton painted hun dreds of horse portraits, and he painted this particular horse more than nine times, more than he painted any other horse.” (Landry, pageNathaniel51)

Harley, a merchant, sailed to Aleppo in 1686. Corre spondence among Thomas Trench, Sir Edward Harley, Lady Har ley, and Nathaniel Harley appears in The Manuscripts of His Grace the Duke of Portland at Welbeck Abbey. On February 15, 1714-15, Nathaniel Harley writes to his brother, Edward Harley, “Aleppo— By this ship I have sent a cargo of great value, which I take the lib erty to recommend to your care. The hawks are both long winged,

This version of The Bloody Shouldered Arabian is believed to have been executed in 1724.

The Byerly Turk after John Wootton (Snitterfield c.1682 – London 1765). One of a set of three prints of racehorses. This horse (c.16841706) was the earliest of three stallions that were the founders of the modern Thoroughbred horse racing bloodstock (the other two are the Godolphin Arabian and the Darley Arabian). The stallion is believed to have been captured by Captain Robert Byerley at the Battle of Buda (1686), served as Byerley’s war horse when he was dispatched to Ireland in 1689 during King William’s War and saw further military service in the Battle of the Boyne. This a wonderful rendition of the Saluki.

30 was that man’s blood that dried on her shoulder. Her colt bore the same marking, as painted by Wootton. The owner and seller of the stallion claimed he was of the rare “Gordeen” breed which subse quently has been identified as Seglawi Jedran—a strain well known to today’s Arabian breeders. The Bloody Shouldered Arabian was scarcely the first Eastern horse to appear in England. Landry cites the gift, in the year 1121, of an Eastern horse by King Alexander of Scotland to a church. In the years between 1660 and 1750, more than two-hundred Oriental horses were imported into England. Now, there are political and cultural ramifications attributed to the stain on the Bloody Shoul dered Arabian—a stain which only appeared on Arabians or their descendants at that time. The concept of “purity” was associated with imported Eastern horses, i.e., Arabs, Barbs, etc., into England. According to Landry, “… something significant happened to horse breeding and horse culture in these years. … a certain degree of magical thinking associated with pedigrees in a society with a rul ing aristocracy like England’s should be expected, as ‘the parallels between … the human obsession with title, hereditary position and social caste … are too obvious to need emphasis.’” (Landry, page 43) Horses imported into England from the East did not belong to just anyone. Upon arrival, they became the provenance of Eng land’s aristocracy. Landry writes that “If titled aristocrats possessed the lion’s share of Eastern equine bloodstock during the eighteenth century, there were by 1750 many landed gentlemen of smaller means who owned horses descended (please note the word “de scended” meaning part bred. E.D.) from Eastern blood as well as paintings and engravings of them as the ideal of equine beauty. The horse portrait was an eighteenth-century innovation, and sporting art was the definitive eighteenth-century English contribution to the history of painting.” (Landry, page 42). An interesting feature in paintings of the Bloody Shouldered Arabian, for instance, is that his head is carried aloft, above the attendant’s head, unlike paint ings of Continental royals whose mounts are depicted as severely curbed, their heads held considerably below those of their masters.

All sorts of symbolism and coded messages abound in these paintings. “In one sense, the Bloody Shouldered Arabian’s Eastern origins are very much on the surface of his portrait, and yet a cer tain Englishing of him has taken place. The stream in Wootton’s nine paintings symbolizes importation—coming across the water. The architecture in the background is Eastern, and the attendant is garbed either as a Turk or an Arab. Interestingly, the Saluki also represents the East. Not only does the horizontal strip of water ap pear in the multiple versions of the portrait, reminding viewers of the stallion’s importation, but the horse is usually accompanied by a man in Turkish or Arab dress and by a Saluki, an Eastern grey hound. (Nathaniel Harley had, in the winter of 1714/15, shipped home to England a Saluki that probably came into the possession of his nephew, Lord Harley.)” (Landry, page 56) What inspired the importation of Eastern horses, stallions for the most part as mares were nearly impossible to secure due to their owners reluctance to sell coupled with the fact that mares were jointly owned by multiple parties, and prompted the landed gen try to breed native English mares to the imports in order to ac quire descendants of these stallions? Racing. It was all about racing. Speed—the suitability of Oriental horses to travel at sustained high So where do Husayn Ibn Ali and his horse, Zuljenah, enter the picture? Allegedly, the Prophet Muhammad, the grandfather of Husayn, bred the horse. Thus far I have not read Kitab Maqtal AlHusayn, the Karbala narrative written by the Kufan historian Abu Mikhnaf, the primary source documenting the Battle of Karbala, nor have I as yet seen any original source substantiating the claim that the Prophet Muhammad actually bred the horse. But the story of Zuljenah has been repeated, much as the legend of the Bloody Shouldered Arabian has oft been told. What is a fact is that repre sentations of this horse appear even today in Shia commemorations of Husayn’s martyrdom. Is this the root of Carol Deegan’s refer ence to Allah in her Bloody Shouldered Arabian account? (Landry. Noble Brute, page 120). I don’t know.

“If titled aristocrats possessed the lion’s share of Eastern equine bloodstock during the eighteenth century, there were by 1750 many land gentlemen of smaller means who owned horses descended from Eastern blood as well as paintings and engravings of them as the ideal of equine beauty. The horse portrait was an eighteenth-century innovation, and sporting art was the definitive eighteenth-century English contribution to the history of painting. (page 42). “In the years between 1660 and 1750 alone, at the same time that gentle men began turning down their boot-tops and shortening their stirrups to achieve a forward—“hunting” or “jockey”—seat, more than two-hundred horses designated as Oriental in origin were imported into England. In fact, so-called Oriental horses had been imported into the British Isles for centuries, but in very limited numbers. The first recorded instance may be speed over rough terrain. The proof of the pudding is in equine portraiture. As Landry states, “… the first English equine portraits were painted of imported Eastern horses—Arabians, Turks, and Barbs—and their racing progeny. It was Newmarket racing that first inspired horse portraiture, beginning with the Restoration of Charles II in 1660. Between 1710 and 1730, horse portraits became common, with Wootton the leading exponent.” (Landry, page 54)

“The Evening of ‘Ashura” painted by Mahmud Farshchiyan, an Iranian artist. After the death of Husayn Ibn Ali in the Battle of Karbala.

Sources: Landry, Donna. “The Bloody Shouldered Arabian and Early Modern Eng lish Culture.” Criticism, vol. 46, no. 1, Wayne State University Press, 2004, pp. 41–69, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23127338.

31 the Arab horse presented by Alexander, King of Scotland, to a church in 1121.” (page 43) “… something significant happened to horse breeding and horse culture in these years. … a certain degree of magical thinking associated with pedi grees in a society with a ruling aristocracy like England’s should be expect ed, as “the parallels between … the human obsession with title, hereditary position and social caste … are too obvious to need emphasis.” (page 43)

_________. Noble Brutes: How Eastern Horses Transformed English Culture. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, c2009.

“‘His lordship’s Arabian,’ a phrase often heard in eighteenth-century Eng land, described a new kind of horse imported into the British Isles from the Ottoman Empire and the Barbary States of North Africa. Noble Brutes traces how the introduction of these Eastern blood horses transformed early modern culture and revolutionized England’s racing and equestrian tradition. More than two hundred Oriental horses were imported into the British Isles between 1650 and 1750. With the horses came Eastern ideas about horsemanship and the relationship between horses and humans. Landry’s groundbreaking archival research reveals how these Eastern im ports profoundly influenced riding and racing styles, as well as literature and sporting art. After only a generation of crossbreeding on British soil, the English Thoroughbred was born, and with it the gentlemanly ideal of free forward movement over a country as an enactment of English liberties.

This radical reinterpretation of Ottoman and Arab influences on horseman ship and breeding sheds new light on English national identity, as illustrat ed in such classic works as Jonathan Swift’s ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ and ‘George Stubbs’ portrait of Whistlejacket’.” (source: Book Data)

Nielsen

horse&f=falseB8QAw#v=onepage&q=bloody%20shoulder%20arabian%20a=X&ved=2ahUKEwivrP6L2bf0AhXfJzQIHeEQD8I4RhDoAXoECUeDlRek&sig=ACfU3U3TniLQgspa-sr0L6uwFypWwqRSYQ&hl=en&sg=PA120&dq=bloody+shoulder+arabian+horse&source=bl&ots=hsihttps://books.google.com/books?id=7s28godRWG0C&pg=PA120&lp Lynghaug, F. Horses of Distinction: Stars of the Pleasure Breeds with Excep tional Shine. Downing, Wis.: Hallelujah Publications, c2006. nepage&q=bloody%20shoulder%20arabian%20horse&f=falsed=2ahUKEwivrP6L2bf0AhXfJzQIHeEQD8I4RhDoAXoECA0QAw#v=ofpX4J&sig=ACfU3U2iR3Ve1yaS-Vi47i-ur_Gla-Cwcw&hl=en&sa=X&ve=PA24&dq=bloody+shoulder+arabian+horse&source=bl&ots=DAiethttps://books.google.com/books?id=9xCmRoWDi_EC&pg=PA24&lpg Portland, William John Arthur Charles James Cavendish-Bentinck, Duke of, 1857-1943 and Charles Fairfax Murray. Catalogue of the Pictures Be longing to His Grace the Duke of Portland: At Welbeck Abbey, and in London London: Printed at The Chiswick Press, 1894. “293. ARABHORSE, WITH ATTENDANT IN A LANDSCAPE. J. WOOTEN. 1724. White Arab horse with Eastern attendant in red, wearing a turban, leaning on a low wall to right; a greyhound [sic] seated in the foreground, land scape background with architecture. Signed on wall to right, ‘J. WOOTON FECIT 1724.’ Canvas, 40 ¾ in. H x 50 ½ in. W. Cat. 1747. Vestibule No. 8. ‘The Bloody Shoulder’d Horse, sent over from Aleppo with the Turk & his Dog.’ Exhibited at Manchester. Cat. No. 9. Modern Masters.” (page 82) der%20arabian%20horse&f=falsezQIHY-3CsU4UBDoAXoECAIQAw#v=onepage&q=bloody%20shouloXTwg6pA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjP4-SR27f0AhXQGe=bl&ots=6noZ3y9hVj&sig=ACfU3U2Z6_xLu_D4D-5sueQrz3A84&lpg=PA84&dq=bloody+shoulder+arabian+horse&sourchttps://books.google.com/books?id=8ENCAQAAMAAJ&pg=P Al Nahr Montego, 1968 grey stallion displaying “bloody” markings. (*Ibn Moniet El Nefous x Bint Fada). Taunton, Thomas Henry. Portraits of Celebrated Race Horses of the Past and Present Centuries, in Strict Chronological Order, Commencing in 1702 and Ending in 1870, Together with Their Respective Pedigrees and Performances

“In the many existing versions of his portrait, the Bloody Shouldered Ara bian is always the same, though his circumstances and attendants vary.” (page 50) “The horse had arrived in England by sea in the spring of 1719/1720, shipped home by Nathaniel Harley, an English merchant at Aleppo, for his nephew, Edward, Lord Harley (1689-1741), who in 1724 would succeed his father, Robert Harley, and become the second Earl of Oxford. Wootton painted hundreds of horse portraits, and he painted this particular horse more than nine times, more than he painted any other horse.” (page 51) “There is no record how much Wootton was paid for the Bloody Shoul dered Arabian’s portrait, but other horse portraits were billed at the rate of twenty-six pounds and five shillings (for Lord Harley’s Dun Arabian, paint ed sometime before 1720 … a larger picture than The Bloody Shoulder’d Arabian, but referred to as a ‘sketch’), and as much as forty guineas for The Countess of Oxford’s Dun Mare, with Thomas Morton the Groom, also from 1715 … a picture ‘as big as ye life.’” (pages 52-53) In 1914, the Duke of Portland purchased an almost exact replica of the Harley-commission portrait of the Bloody Shouldered Arabian, signed by Wootton and dated 1723, bringing the total of Wootton’s pictures in the 1936 catalogue to twenty-one. Painted a year before Harley’s version was painted, the 1723 version is likely to be the earliest of Wootton’s multiple portraits of the horse, unless both derive from an earlier—and currently unknown—original.” (page 53) “… the first English equine portraits were painted of imported Eastern horses — Arabians, Turks, and Barbs — and their racing progeny. It was Newmarket racing that first inspired horse portraiture, beginning with the Restoration of Charles II in 1660. Between 1710 and 1730, horse portraits became common, with Wootton the leading exponent.” (page 54) “In one sense, the Bloody Shouldered Arabian’s Eastern origins are very much on the surface of his portrait, and yet a certain Englishing of him has taken place. Not only does a horizontal strip of water appear in the multiple versions of the portrait, reminding viewers of the stallion’s impor tation, but the horse is usually accompanied by a man in Turkish or Arab dress and by a Saluki, an Eastern greyhound. (Nathaniel Harley had, in the winter of 1714/15, shipped home to England a Saluki that may have come into the possession of his nephew Lord Harley.) (page 56)

Volumes.

der%20arabian%20horse&f=false3CsU4UBDoAXoECBwQAw#v=onepage&q=bloody%20shoul53Row&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjP4-SR27f0AhXQGzQIHY-&ots=oGUzZzsDRK&sig=ACfU3U2NpOeW4lRmOkEmYgp5EfIq54&lpg=PP24&dq=bloody+shoulder+arabian+horse&source=blhttps://books.google.com/books?id=hb4GAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP2 Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons issuing body. The Manu scripts of His Grace the Duke of Portland at Welbeck Abbey. Volume II. 1893 Historical Manuscripts Commission. Thirteenth report, appendix, part II. Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Duke of Portland. Nathaniel Hartley letters start @ page 240. over&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://books.google.com/books?id=1asKAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontc Daughters of the Wind https://daughterofthewind.org/al-hamdaniah/ Famous Godolphin Arabian painting for auction (scroll down … keep reading) https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/news/2011/07/035.shtml For Thursday Art Day https://carmelrowley.com.au/blog/?p=4576 Hope and Horses: Horse Color Genetics or-genetics-bloody-shoulder.htmlhttps://michaelashopeandhorses.blogspot.com/2014/10/horse-col John Wootton https://rkd.nl/en/explore/images/244615 The Legend of the Bloody Shoulder Arabian https://jocarta.com/Legend.html Merri Travels on Endurance.net tion-horses.htmlhttp://merritravels.endurance.net/2010/08/seren-arabians-founda Zuljanah / Military Wiki https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Zuljanah Old Master & British Paintings https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-5460687 What Do We Know About Zuljanah (Horse_)? / Sayed Ammar Nakshawani https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiFoZQ-j5QQ Cheffins Autumn Sale October 2020 https://www.cheffins.co.uk/fine-art/lot-view,john-wootton-britishc-16821764_63261.htm www.heirloomarabianstud.com Have you visited our website? Only a few copies are still available of the essential reference book, HEIRLOOM EGYPTIAN ARABIAN HORSES, 1840-2000 by John W. Fippen. Hardcover, 592 pages, with over 400 archival black/white photographs. Please visit the website for excerpts and ordering information. ... The Bloody Hand Print and the extra width between the jaws of a true Bedouin War Mare. Judith Franklin, Cortez, Colorado, slickrock27@gmail.com The Davenport Mare Sabrina CF, displaying ...

(page 4,

Recorded in Full. Four London: Sampson Low, Marston, Sear le & Rivington, 1887. According to Taunton, “No authenticated record exists for the history of the Bloody-Shouldered Arabian. He was, however, a stallion of high repute, and the sire of several noted racers, foremost among which was the Duke of Bolton’s famous chestnut horse, Sweepstakes, bred by Mr. Snell in 1772, and sold to his Grace. … The Bloody-Shouldered Arabian was likewise the sire of Sir Nathanial Curzon’s Brisk, the winner of several Royal Plates, and beating most of the best horses of his time. On the point of the shoulder in the print, will be seen the bright red mark from which this Arabian acquired his name. In the same way, the celebrated grey stal lion, Bloody-Buttocks, derived his name from a scarlet patch on his hindquarter.” volume 1)

33 STRAIGHT BABSON EGYPTIAN A Quick Overview of the SBE Greys For more information on SBEs go to Babson Egyptian Arabian Enthusiasts on Facebookor contact Jody Dvorak by email at backatyousoon@gmail.com Of the 217 +/- mares and stallions in the SBE breeding herd, aged 0 to 24 years of age, only 35 of them are grey—24 mares and 11 stallions. Since many of the mature SBE greys have not produced or gotten anyfoals, let alone greys, the SBE herd is in the process of not only losingdiversity but also the color grey.

Serr Mashkour with Don Vance. Photo by AZ Cowgirl Photography LLC.

AAA Bint Dalabba with Monica Respet. Photo by Nina Harf. Fa Lothar Azaba with Linda Bochansky. Photo by Frank Bochansky. Masada Mazal. Photographer unknown.

Taliid Faye Neblina with Monica Respet. Photo by Nina Harf. Mahbiha with Paula Rice. Photo by Jim Dvorak.

SBE

During this time, I made enquiries to the Arabian Horse Society of Australia (AHSA) about registration requirements once Khami was in Australia. An emphasis was placed on having the relevant U.S. Arabian Horse Association (AHA) export document lodged with the AHA prior to export. With this came the arduous task of co-ordinating paper work, inoculations, blood tests and registra tions. Of course, to submit the AHA export document, Khami was to be in my name. This required me to be a ‘base’ AHA member. Factoring time zones, appropriately timed phone calls highlighted that the fees were as stated on the Export Form plus, for Australia, there was an additional charge! The latter is not mentioned as a fee — anywhere! So glad I phoned. Right-oh, I’ll pay now with Tory to submit Khami’s original registration for transfer, as it didn’t need my signature (thank goodness). Eventually, and all in good World Traveler by Diane Wilson

34 Was I looking to purchase a female for my program? Not re ally. I’d decided, “No, we’ll do as we are,” just my four homebred Straight Egyptian/Al Khamsa horses — my senior mare and her three daughters. A friend, via social media, highlighted a young filly’s pedigree, and the rest they say is history. Checking the pedi gree, I could see two links rather than one my friend had men tioned. “Why did I overlook this filly?” I asked myself after I’d delved into her illustrious pedigree. Because she was young and her photo suggested she had lots of growing to do, and that she has; I didn’t need to look at mares or in particular, fillies, and she was in the USA! But … you see, there was the filly’s pedigree, and, for me, it was tantalisingly beautiful, a joy to investigate — an outcross for us and Australia. Tentatively, I made the initial enquiry and the reply came through. It was at this point my conscientious decisionmaking process cut in — “if you continue, you have to commit!” Commit I did, and it felt so good, so right and still does. Tory Kilmon of Sunset Ridge drew up a contract, and again, I checked myself — am I prepared to do this. I dutifully engaged a local Kentucky equine vet, B. DeAnn Hughes (BVSc) of Southern Equine Veterinary Services to check “Khami”. Part of DeAnn’s remit for me was ‘to be my eyes and ears on the ground’ regarding Khami’s assessment as I was domiciled in Australia and international travel was not an option due to Covid restrictions. In combination with Khami’s official report, my request was for assessment of, and feed back on, nominated conformation attributes, and if plausible, pho tos and videos as well, please. DeAnn’s initial response was rather brief, ‘a good horse’. Her photos and video I’d requested followed. DeAnn’s full report came later and subsequently was the basis for Khami’s insurance Policy. Meanwhile, I enquired with International Racehorse Transport (IRT) regarding an available flight — the only company with a direct flight to Australia from the USA. The next available flight was four months away. A Letter of Intent to Export would be re quired – another commitment! As part of the purchase commit ment, hair samples were submitted to EtalonDx for both DNA Analysis, Ancestry Evaluation and eventually a Kinship Report, as per my request. Khami’s contract was finalised. Part of the DNA Analysis result showed a ‘greater than normal susceptibility’ to West Nile Virus (WNV). As a precautionary measure, I requested that Khami be inoculated as soon as possible with Vetera Gold XP, (which, while protecting against multiple diseases including WNV, was the preferred vaccination for Australian Quarantine require ments), and to be boosted after 21 days. A short wait for stock to be obtained and Khami was vaccinated, microchipped and boosted accordingly. Simple, one may suggest as an equine person, but, there’s always that ‘but’… Australia’s requirements are strict and a Vet must administer and certify the inoculations. The certifica tion is then submitted to Australia’s Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (DAWE) as part of the Quarantine processing. It is well known here. Dot your ‘i’s and cross your ‘t’s where DAWE is concerned, as Johnny Depp and his then-wife found out to their peril in 2015! IRT also have a subsidiary insurance provider (IRTI). I had dealt with them before, so felt comfortable engaging them again. Talking the Policy through with the Director, the details were high lighted, always good to hear about them! Also, the Letter of Intent to Export was used to validate the insured value.

Khe Amiin Tabou SSR (Khami) as a yearling. She is a 2020 grey mare by Al Reyhan Marou x Anisa Gamal.

Further discussions were held between DeAnn and myself, along with Tory. DeAnn was adamant that the Khami wasn’t going anywhere until Khami had a Coggins Test. I mentioned that this was one of a battery of tests required for Australian Quarantine entry, and yes, they would all be done. I gave DeAnn the details of all the tests along with US IRT office contact details. The next I knew, DeAnn in conjunction with US IRT had organised for all the tests to be done. On a cold Kentucky day in blizzard like conditions, DeAnn’s email to me was, “finger’s crossed, the samples make it” and they did. No sooner were the tests completed, with the correct results (negative), than the call came to arrange transport to KY Quarantine — Khami’s flight had been brought forward. U.S. IRT arranged for a recommended carrier with Quarantine access. Whoosh! Khami was in Quarantine. Photos were restricted, most likely due to Quarantine security, but one photo with an ambiguous background, showing Khami relaxed and calm, yet alert, with the message - ready for export. Khami’s new, rather large, blue (IRT colour) halter displayed her name — Khe Amiin Tabou SSR, engraved on the ID plaque. Next, she was six hours away in Chicago, ready to board her late-night flight. At this time, messages between myself and Tory, speculated what was happening and when. Then I received an email from IRT stating they (the consignment) were airborne after a delayed departure. She’d been in the air nearly 2hours at that time, of a nearly nine hour flight to Honolulu. On the ground in Honolulu for a few hours, IRT’s consignment continued on the second leg of the flight, a ten+ hour flight to Melbourne, Australia. Needless to say, I tracked the flight for most of the way, updating Tory as Khami’s journey unfolded. I was cleaning stables when checking for arrival, and the flight had landed. There was a sense of relief and jubilation — Khami was on the ground, safely, here in Australia. Welcome to the future, in more ways than one, Khe Amiin Tabou SSR! She was still 1800 kilometers (1200 miles) away from me, but she was on the same continent. As I carried on with my routine, there was a call from IRT (Australia) a few hours later. Khami had handled the flight well; her temperature was normal, and she was tracking along nicely for her Australian Quarantine. I held a bubbly Tory to her commitment not to reveal the trans action, as Khami still had further travel ahead of her. Tory agreed; however, she toyed with her social media following regarding the event. We were both very excited and relieved. It was a huge undertaking for both myself as her purchaser and Tory as her breeder.

After a small concern on Day 2, the wait for Quarantine completion and the road trip home was frustrating (four months already, what was another two weeks?). Release day arrived. Khami was handed into the care of Sydney Horse Transport (SHT), also with permis sion to enter a Quarantine establishment. I was apprehensive when I couldn’t get confirmation from SHT! The planned route was via the coast highway to utilise their Sydney and Gold Coast depots for overnight respites. Khami’s final leg of the jour ney home, to Agecroft, was finally completed, 24 hours late, as SHT hadn’t left Melbourne as advised. It was a joy to hug this very special, well-travelled filly for the first time. Would I do it all again? … watch this space! Above: Agecroft’s mares in the rainy season, L-R: Khe Amiin Tabou SSR, Agecroft Ghayl, Agecroft Layla, Agec roft Sidra, Talika Sirina bint Sirdahn.

Left: Khami’s Journey, from Kentucky to Chicago, to Honolulu, to Mel bourne, through Sydney and home at Agecroft, west of Brisbane.

35 time, the financial transaction and registration trans fer were matched, change of ownership made and export document lodged pending AHSA request. Being the avid pedigree enthusiast and a great supporter of Al Khamsa, I enquired about having their beautiful ornate pedigree printed for Khami. This was timed to coincide with the ownership trans fer. My homebred Straight Egyptian/Al Khamsa horses, while eligible by pedigree, can’t have one of these beautiful pedigrees as they are not in the AHA database for verification!

36 From eyelashes to ancient skyscrapers in Yemen, from study of the Arabic copy of the Abbas Pasha manuscript to the asil horses of Tunisia, from ancient Arabian history to new foals, from early 19th century European Arabian breeders to Arabian oryx and wolves: this blog is always fascinating and welcomes your input. This blog is maintained by Edouard Al Dahdah, a breeder and lover of Desert Arabian Horses, and otherwise an economist at the World Bank. It seeks to share a passion, of course, but also to raise awareness about desert Arabian horses, their homeland and their heritage. Keep reading and I will keep posting. Daughter of the Wind...http://daughterofthewind.org/ Beautiful Mare in Summer Sunshine A candid pasture shot of the 2008 SE/SOF mare Midbar Lady Anne by Razal Ibn Azalia (Ra’adin Inshalla x Ansata Azalia) and out of FA Star Jasmine (SAR Fadl Halim x Masada Ma rana). Bred by Lorriee Golanty, she is a wonderful example of Babson blood blended with *Ansata Ibn Halima and *Ansata Bint Zaafarana. If you are interested in these bloodlines, give us a call or send an email. We love horse chat. and have special horses seeking their forever homes. Saqlawiyat Arabians Dedicated to Al Khamsa Pam Studebaker • Deborah Switzer • Jill Erisman 9160 Post Town Road, Trotwood, Ohio 45426 937-837-2829 • stuzerpd@yahoo.com

• Consider offering to help haul a PTF horse that is in need of relocation.•Consider

To codify rare horses in order to solicit volunteers to help with locating relevant descendants, and to begin to encourage Al Khamsa supporters to take on a project horse as a way of “Paying It Forward”.

are always in need of people who will help do local, in-per son community outreach at shows, fairs, and other equine events. Al Khamsa is one of the best-kept secrets in the horse world! The organization can supply materials and information for those will ing to represent Al Khamsa and the PTF at local venues.

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offering your facility as a waystation for PTF horses in transit. Khamsa’s Vanishing

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• Have a fundraiser idea? Have a thought on how we could do something better? Wondering about why we do something the way we do, and would like to know more? Contact us with suggestions, thoughts, questions, concerns! We are here not only to serve the horses, but also the people that value them. You matter, without you there is no community to preserve these horses, and we abso lutely want to hear from you. [Contact Links are at the end of article.]

• Similarly, we always welcome volunteers who are willing to travel to major venues and help man Al Khamsa educational booths or tables.

• If you are a performance home, think about taking on a horse from one of these rare lines and promoting them in a performance career, or selling them to a home that will showcase them. These are some of our best ambassadors.

PreservationLinesTask Force News

Continue below for more on

• When we get it up and running again, consider purchasing promotional items such as hoodies, t-shirts, hats, etc., from our PTF Fundraiser store. We benefit, you benefit, and you have neat clothing to help raise awareness in your daily life.

2022 has been a busy year for a lot of breeders, and while we’re only a little over halfway through the year, our small preservation community is fortunate that quite a few breeders have been able to pull forward another generation of some of Al Khamsa’s rarest and most threatened bloodlines. Several horses have found new homes to begin the next chapter in their lives as ambassadors for both the breed and the bloodlines, and a few are in search of a new home. that.

• If you have experience in technical skill areas such as website maintenance, software programming, graphic design, grant writ ing, data analysis, research (and/or more!), consider touching base to see if you might be able to help us with something.

• Donations are always needed and welcome.

As a reminder, the Al Khamsa Preservation Task Force mission statement is: For new or established breeders, this typically means consider ing taking on a rare bloodline horse that may not necessarily fit within your usual paradigm of bloodlines, which we absolutely need more of. For the non-breeder who is scratching their head as they read this, that’s okay. It’s not unusual for people to read about the preservation breeding involved with Al Khamsa’s threat ened bloodlines and think that that’s not for them, and there’s no doubt that breeding forward isn’t an option for everyone. Breeding itself isn’t for everyone, nor should it be. It takes a community to make the magic happen - farriers, vets, trainers, volunteers, and everything in between, and these people are all so important to the creation of a functional community. There are so many ways to support preservation efforts outside of breeding horses, and we’d like to list a few and encourage you to think about how you might be able to help “pay it forward” with these rare horses.

• Photographers and videographers in the past have offered their expertise and time to photograph horses at events such as Open Houses, Conventions, and more. Quality photography to help best showcase these horses is very much appreciated!

ANNOUNCING: Some of the rarest Foundation Horses saw the birth of new Combined Source colt Sharif Al Arab, who was bred by Edouard Al-Dahdah. Sharif’s sire is Bashir Al Dirri, bred and owned by Jenny Krieg, and currently the only breeding-age horse in North America to carry lines to *Euphrates and *AlMashoor. Also coming through Bashir is the Code Red line to *Mirage and the rare Ghadir (AP) sireline, formerly known as the By Moira Walker

• Comment on and share our PTF Facebook posts. This is a great way to help raise community awareness within your local sphere.•We

GTS Al Mas Hura filly by Treff-Haven Sabeel. Photo courtesy of Annette Robertson.

ANNOUNCING: Ryan Boike in Illinois welcomed a Fourth of July baby with the birth of SC Independence, a filly out of DB Sindi dah and sired by DB Al Majid. This Blue Star filly is a Code Orange foal representing the BAHRAIN Ancestral Element mare *Sawan nah, both in general pedigree descent and in the tail-female line.

ANNOUNCING: Cheryl Davis is pleased to announce that her Code Orange Straight Egyptian mare BPE Shah Nafaa pro duced a filly sired by Al Reyhan Marou. Both this filly and her dam are tail female to the INSHASS Foundation Horse Nafaa (INS), who has never been common. The birth of this filly brings the total number of eligible horses up to a lucky 13 — with just eight fe males that are 20 or younger.

SC Independence, by DB Al Majid out of DB Sindidah. Photo cour tesy of Ryan Boike.

Zobeyni sireline. Bashir and Sharif are also currently the only living representatives of the Peraga branch of the *Mirage line under the age of 25. Sharif’s dam is a Haidee tail-female mare, DaughterOf ThePharoahs (or Pippa, as she is known), owned by DeWayne Brown and leased to Edouard. Through Pippa, Sharif also carries forward the Code Orange line to *Houran.

BPE Shah Nafaa filly by Al Reyhan Marou. Photo courtesy of Cheryl Davis. ANNOUNCING: Annette Robertson, whose filly out of GTS Dabab was featured in the previous Khamsat issue, is pleased to an nounce another Haidee tail-female filly out of GTS Al Mas Hura. Like her near-sibling, this filly was sired by Van Alma Arabian’s Treff-Haven Sabeel and brings forth the Code Orange Foundation Horses lines of both *Houran and Maidan. Both fillies represent a PTF Success Story in bringing the total number of female horses in this damline into the 30s, crossing the threshold into Code Green. They serve as an important reminder of the importance of collabo ration and perseverance, and that preservation doesn’t have to be a scene of doom and gloom.

DaughterOfThePharoahs and Sharif Al Arab, by Bashir Al Dirri. Photo: DeWayne Brown

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39 Are we missing a recent Code Red, Orange, or Yellow foal? Please let us know! We’d love to showcase your new Al Khamsa foal and honor your preservation efforts. Not sure if you have a Code Red, Orange, or Yellow foal? We encourage you to revisit our website and read our updated criteria, but you are also more than welcome to email us directly at preservation@alkhamsa.org and we can help you figure it out.

CONGRATULATIONS: Karin Floyd says, “Who doesn’t love a red head??” And especially an Al Saaheb daughter! This gorgeous girl came to Desert Heritage Arabians from D-S Rescue, local to Tucson. I certainly didn’t need any more horses, but I couldn’t stop thinking about this girl and the potential she has despite her rough start. She is still putting on some weight and getting lots of turn

The Code Red *Mirage stallion Le Coquin, bred by Joan De Vour and lately owned by Darci Brown, has been sold to Beverly and Ralph Riley and will be making the journey from Oregon to Texas to his new breeding family. Le Coquin is a representative of the Agwe branch of the *Mirage line, and is one of just two *Mirage stallions available for breeding, the other being Bashir Al Dirri. Le Coquin additionally carries Code Orange pedi gree elements of *NEDJRAN and HAMIDIE (*Pride, *Mannaky, and *Galfia), and traces to the Code Red Foundation Horse *Haleb. His new owners are looking for a mare to purchase and breed to him, and would like to find a bride that complements him (hint hint!).

DA Ginger Moon filly by SpiritWind Ahsahm. Photo by Bev Davison Bint Saaheb, 2019 mare by Al Saaheb out of Bint Miracle RSI. Photo Karin Floyd

~ continued on page 41

CONGRATULATIONS: Carly Cranmore and Bev Davison are delighted to say that Ginger Snap SDA is leaving home in Idaho to join Carly’s facility in Michigan. This is a half-sister to the DA Ginger Moon filly pictured above left: the 2020 model, but by

CONGRATULATIONS:

Right: Le Coquin, 2003 stallion by Amulets Raaschal out of Abitibi Yamama. Photo by Tracy out to develop her musculature. She has made fast friends with AlHamraaMusafirah DHA aka “Freyja”, a homebred Code Red Preservation filly, and is feeling at home here at the ranch. Her sire is a Non-Nazeer New Egyptian stallion and a fabulous broodmare producer. Bint Saaheb’s half sister is my Bint Matala aka “Pistol”, dam of Masriyah DHA and Baroud DHA. I’m sure this girl will one day be just as fine a producer as Pistol. Bint Saaheb’s dam is a straight Pritzlaff mare (very rare) with the Basilisk tail female line (one of about 22 mares with this line since 2000). So, it is very exciting to consider the potential of this young mare in her future endeavors — as well as her future contributions to the rare Egyp tian Arabian gene pool that she hails from.”

ANNOUNCING: Bev Davison at SpiritWind was overjoyed to have another filly from the very rare Basilisk tail-female line mare, DA Ginger Moon, this one by her SpiritWind Ahsahm.

Brownstone Farm Since 1972

Always a bride’s maid?...

Joe & Sharon Ferriss 1059 Lukesport Road • Quincy, MI 49082 Tel. (517) 639-4443 [no text] e-mail: ferrissjs@dmcibb.net

The old saying “always a bride’s maid but never a bride” got me to thinking about the image of *Turfa in the early 1970s for some. As the movement of enthusiasm for Arabian horses of original desert identity began to flourish in the early 1970s the awareness of the straight Egyptian Arabian horse rose to the forefront in horse shows and magazines because they were the most publicly visible. Meanwhile, for years the Babson Farm, importer of the lovely Saudi bred mare *Turfa, had been quietly producing impressive crosses of their Egyptian imports with the mare *Turfa as a part of their operation. Oddly enough in an effort to explain to the public the definition of what a “straight Egyptian” Arabian was, the Babson import *Turfa was used as an example of what was not a “straight Egyptian.” It was not intentional but it did cause some confusion for some who may have thought that the Egyptian horse was what mainly remained of the original horses of desert identity. However, for me I was not confused because the very first photo of an Arabian that I saw was that wonderful photo of Bedouin horsemen bidding goodbye to the famous stallion *Haleb that was about to depart for the U.S. in 1906. That photo touched me deeply and I began with understanding that all original Arabians begin with the Bedouin horse breeding tribes of the cradle region of the Arabian peninsula, the homeland of *Turfa! In the early 1970s I was becoming very enthusiastic about the Egyptian horses as one aspect of the original Arabians, enjoying them at shows and visiting breeders. But at the same time I was discovering the Blue Catalog movement and Al Khamsa which led to our first Al Khamsa mare, Sirbana a direct daughter of Sirecho and a granddaughter of *Turfa’s famous son Ibn Fadl. It was a joy to have this mare Sirbana with us and later we delighted in seeing her aged mother Habbana (Ibn Fadl x Bint Habba). We travelled thereafter to see many, many of the progeny of Ibn Fadl, as well as descendants of *Turfa’s other progeny, Fa-Turf, Turfara and Turfada. No longer a bride’s maid, it was a beautiful marriage, *Turfa the bride at home with Al Khamsa. In fact, it led us to purchase the wonderful mare Ru Raabah (Ru Nebah x Ru Fa Raada) from the Perdues in Colorado who were pioneer breeders of *Turfa bred horses. She had five lines to *Turfa and she had all the beautiful action and wonderful qualities described of *Turfa descendants. We even leased an intensely bred *Turfa stallion Du Fadl (Ibn Fadl x Dualah). Our experience with *Turfa was a “gift from the desert.” Sadly this blood is becoming increasingly rare now which is another clarion call in the mission of preservation of all that Al Khamsa has to offer.

At left is *Turfa at the Babson Farm, and at right is Ru Raabah (Ru Nebah x Ru Fa Raada) with five crosses to *Turfa We continue to advertise and support the Khamsat magazine because it is here that the Arabian horse of centuries can be found. As a researcher and author, I not only saved my Khamsats from the beginning, but I also refer back to them for information. Often this information is found not only in the articles but also in the advertising. So with pride we continue to support the only magazine of its kind, the Khamsat, and we encourage others to do so also.

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Subanet Jabbar SDA. The same rare Basilisk tail-female line through the Pritzlaff mare, Rabanna, is in play here, and with new SDA Gin ger Moon filly as well as Bint Saaheb, above. This is Carly’s specialty, and, along with others, she is doing good work in building up the numbers of good young mares tracing to Rabanna. Have an announcement regarding a Code Red, Orange, or Yel low horse? New ownership, new location, standing at stud, etc? Email the Preservation Task Force to let us know, and help us let the community know!

Visit our Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/alkhamsapre

LOOKING FOR A NEW HOME: An incredible opportunity for someone looking to get involved in preservation breeding. Kar in Floyd in Arizona is looking to place a Code Red mare from the EUROPA Ancestral Element group, Halimah CW. Halimah CW has produced two fillies for Karin, and still has much to contribute. Halimah CW, along with her two daughters and a mare in Canada, are the sole source of this blood in the whole of North America.

41 ConservancyArabianDavenportHorse Ask us about the Davenport Ara bian Horse as Homer Davenport knew it in the desert, and as we still know it.. Secretary Jeanne Craver 709 Brackett Lane. Winchester IL 62694, mowarda@gmail.com www.DavenportHorses.org

LOOKING FOR A NEW HOME: Barbara Bowden in Okla homa has a Code Orange Straight Egyptian mare that is tail female to Nafaa (INS): Anjum Al Nafaa 2014 bay mare (Ibn Shamruk x AA Shez A Jewel). The Nafaa (INS) damline has just 13 individuals alive today, with Cheryl Davis’s new filly, previous page.

servation Or email us directly at: preservation@alkhamsa.org

One of the purposes of the Preservation Task Force is to help raise awareness for rare bloodline horses within our threatened color codes that are in need of a new home. While we are not re sponsible for the sale of these horses, we can and do sometimes help network a home when asked. If you have a horse that fits the Code Red, Orange, or Yellow criteria that is looking for a new home, let us know, and we’ll pass the word.

Ginger Snap SDA, 2020 mare by Subanet Jabbar SDA x DA Ginger Moon.

Want to know more?

fadeDon’tAlSupportPleaseKhamsa!letusaway!

Visit our Website page: https://alkhamsa.org/preservation/task-force

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• *La Tisa 1929 grey mare

An Ancestral Element refers to the country, stud farm, person or group who imported or was primarily associated with the Founda tion Horses concerned. Some Foundation Horses were acquired individually and are designated by their own names (DWARKA, MIRAGE, NEJDRAN). Simple parenthetical codes follow the names of Foundation horses, which help identify the Ancestral Element blocks to which they belong. [See Hamdani (ARA).]

Ancestral Elements are the Building Blocks of Al Khamsa Pedigrees

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Terminology: a hujjah (hujaj, plural) is a signed and sealed document of evidence/testimony about a thing. In Al Khamsa terms, this means an Arabic testimony about the provenance of an Arabian horse. When such a document survives, it is the most important informa tion about an Arabian horse.

Khamsat V29N1 began this series, AYERZA; V29N2: BISTANY; V29N3: BORDEN; V29N4: COBB; V30N1: BLUNT; V30N2: CRANE; V30.3: DWARKA; V30.4: DAVENPORT; V31.1: HAMIDIE; V31.2: HEARST; V31.3: HUNTINGTON; V31.4: INSHASS; V32.1: JALAWI; V32.2: MIRAGE, NEJDRAN.

Al Khamsa History SA’UD

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• *Munifeh 1941 bay mare

• *Turfa 1933 grey mare In addition, at least four SA’UD horses imported to the U.S. in the 20th century were lost to Al Khamsa. They are included here.

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• *Halwaaji 1954 chestnut mare

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• *Taamri 1948 chestnut stallion

• *Samirah 1925 grey mare

*Tairah 1927 light bay or chestnut mare

• *Mahsudha 1929 grey mare *Munifan 1940 chestnut stallion

• In*Saoudarecent Khamsat, we presented the JALAWI Ancestral Ele ment. Because the original Jalawi was brother to Faysul Ibn Turki al-Sa’ud, grandfather of the first King of Hijaz and Najd, later Saudi Arabia, Al Khamsa has decided to combine the JALAWI with the SA’UD Element. The three JILAWI horses in Al Khamsa lines were addressed in the last issue: Hamdani (ARA), *Jalam Al Ubayan and *Mahraa. They are included again here. Jilawi, Jalawi, Jiluwi are all transliterations of the same name.

*Al Obayyah 1957 grey mare

The Sa’ud, a settled clan of the Manabihah tribe, a sister tribe of the Wuld ‘Ali, first came into historical prominence as the political and military arm of the Wahhabi religious movement in the late 1700s and early 1800s. Kingdoms were established by Muham mad Ibn Sa’ud before 1800 and again by Faysul Ibn Turki al-Sa’ud before 1850. At that time, they were known to have the best horse stud in Arabia, and ancestors of the present King, notably Faysul Ibn Turki, supplied horses for the early pashas of Egypt. In 1932, Saudi Arabia was recognized as a modern independent kingdom ruled by King ‘Abd al-Aziz Ibn Sa’ud, who had, starting in 1902, united all the provinces that comprise Saudi Arabia. As many of the previously nomadic tribes became settled in towns and villages, the royal family acquired horses from them, which were added to the family studs. Sa’ud horses that were supplied to the early pashas of Egypt, such as Jellabiet Feysul (AP), are designated EGYPT by Al Khamsa. A century later, Sa’ud mares given to the Inshass Stud of Egypt are included under the INSHASS designation. They are El Kahila (INS), Hind (INS), Mabrouka (INS) and Nafaa (INS). Also, over the last century, Sa’ud horses were exchanged with the Ibn Khalifa family of Bahrain. They include Hamdaany Riadh (SA), Ham danieh Al Shaghara Al Saudiya (SA), Hamdanieh Saudia (SA), Hamdaniet Fatis 202 (SA) and Sharid (SA). Only those Founda tion Horses from the Sa’ud Studs that came to directly to the U.S. are listed here under the SA’UD designation.

*Al Hamdaniah 1940 grey mare

Ancestral Elements Series: SA’UD u Al Khamsa’s ‘language’ about pedigrees can seem complicated at first, but it is actually meant to be a simplification of the process of understanding the total pedigree of an Arabian horse. You need to learn two terms: Foundation Horses and Ancestral Elements. These terms are explained briefly here, but for detailed information, please see the research work, Al Khamsa Arabians III (2008).

• *Nufoud 1925 light bay mare

A Foundation Horse is what it sounds like: when you go back as far as you can in a pedigree, you stop with either a Bedouin tribe or with a recognized source that is believed to have stock only from the Bedouin tribes.

• *Sindidah 1954 grey mare

• *Sunshine 1932 chestnut stallion

• *Dahma • *Ghalia • *Noura

• *Amiraa 1959 grey mare

• *Rudann 1951 chestnut mare

1957 grey ‘Ubayyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1962 to the USA by Donald M. Chastain. By Jawad, an ‘Ubayyan of Ibn Jalawi, out of a desert-bred ‘Ubayyah.

1940 grey Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family, presented to Admiral R.L. Conolly by Ibn Jalawi, Governor of Hasa, and imported in 1947 to the USA by Admiral Conolly. By an ‘Ubayyan out of a Hamdaniyah.

AN EXISTING ALDAMKHAMSALINEANEXISTINGALKHAMSADAMLINE

*AL HAMDANIAH 4525

In progeny lists, italics are used for horses not in Al Khamsa pedigrees. Only eligible-to-be Al Khamsa horses are shown in the progeny lists.

NOTES: The above information is from a translation of *Al-Obayyah’s Saudi export document with Arabian Horse As sociation importation records. According to her bill of sale to Chastain, *Al-Obayyah was purchased from and vouched for by Hussain Ibn Hussain of Qatif, who said she was from the Sa’ud Royal Family. Dam of two foals: El Obayyan 1967 gs by Munecho Obayyan 1968 gs by Ibn Fadl

*AL-OBAYYAH 27762

1959 grey Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1960 to the USA by Sam J. Roach. By Masud, a grey Hamdani of Sa’ud, out of *Halwaaji 18027

NOTES: The above information is from *Al Hamdaniah’s Saudi export document and Arabian Horse Association importa tion Damrecords.offour foals: Al-Ka-Han 1952 bm by Khebir Blue Star 1958 gm by Ibn Fadl Bint Sirecho 1959 gm by Sirecho Al-Khobar 1960 gs by Ibn Fadl *AMIRAA 18028

NOTES: The above information is from a recent transla tion of the hujjah for *Amiraa’s dam, *Halwaaji, which includes the record of the breeding that produced *Amiraa, confirming *Amiraa’s Saudi export document and Arabian Horse Associa tion importation records. [See next page.] Dam of eleven foals: Felliraa 1967 gm by Al-Felluje Khobairaa 1968 gs by Al-Khobar Amiraas Felluje 1969 gm by Al-Felluje Ibn El Obayyan 1971 cs by El Obayyan Taam-Miraa 1972 cm by Taam-Rud Pending 1973 gs by Muhairon Siraj Al Lail 1975 cg by Ruta-Am Amirath 1976 gm by Mirath CA Sindiraa 1977 gm by Sindidan Bint Amiraa 1978 cm by Taam-Rud Unaizah 1983 gm by Mirath

Top to bottom: two photos of *Al Hamdaniah; a photo of *Amiraa; two photos of *Al-Obayyah.

NOTES: The above information is from a letter in AHA importa tion records concerning *Muhaira. This stallion was part of the Arabian horse-owning ARAMCO community in Dhahran, Hasa province, in 1952 and was known for his exceptional disposition. He was referred to by those who knew him as “The Old Hamdani.” Sire of at least one foal: • *Muhaira 1948 bm out of *Mahraa *HALWAAJI 18027 A 1954 chestnut Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1960 to the USA by Sam J. Roach. [Also called Dulanea] By Sari, a Hamdani of Sa’ud and out of ‘Idah, a Hamdaniyah of Sa’ud.

NOTES: The above information is from a recent translation of *Halwaaji’s hujjah [shown] and from AHA importation records. Dam of two foals: *Amiraa 1959 gm Taamhaal 1968 cm by *Taamri AN EXISTING ALDAMKHAMSALINE *Halwaaji in Saudi Arabia. Below, Hamdani (ARA) in Saudi Arabia.

*DAHMA 853

A 1926 chestnut Saqlawiyah Jidraniyah bred by Abdul Aziz Ibn Sa’ud, imported in 1931 to the USA by Albert W. Harris.

NOTES: This information is from *Ghalia’s entry as IHR 195600002 in The International Arabian Horse Registry of North America Stud Book Vol. 1. Dam of at least one foal: Fa Ibn Ghalia 1977 gs by Fa Knight *HALWAAJI and *AMIRAA hujjah

In the name of God the Most Merciful and Compassionate Riyadh • District of Najd • Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 11 Jumadah the other 1380 I, Mutlaq al-‘Atawi, head of the royal horse stables of his High ness King Saud ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz, declare that the following testimony is correct: On the 11th of Rabi’ the second 1378, the ownership of the red Hamdaniyah mare “Halwaaji” was transferred to Sam Roach. And it was known that this mare was in foal to the grey Hamdani horse “Mas’ud” at the time of the transfer of her own ership. And the horse “Mas’ud” bred the mare “Halwaaji” on the date of the 14th of Dhul Hujjah 1377, and he bred her another time on the date of the 16th of Dhul Hujjah 1377. And I certify in front of God Most High that the mare “Halwaaji” and the horse “Mas’ud” are both from pure blood and a noble origin, tracing to horses whose purity of blood and lineage have been pre served by the Saud family. [Signature of Mutlaq al-‘Atawi] Witness: [signature], The secretary ~ Edouard Al-Dahdah, 2007

NOTES: All information is from *Dahma’s entry #853 in the Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. III 1932 supplement. It adds that she had “white marks on two hind feet; white blaze on forehead.” Reported dead, with no progeny, in the 1937 Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. IV. [See image under *Nufoud.]

HAMDANI (ARA) c1938 grey Hamdani stallion foaled in the possession of Ibn Jalawi, Governor of Hasa province, and presented by Ibn Jalawi to Thomas C. Barger, CEO of ARAMCO.

Dam of no foals.

*GHALIA IHR*1956-0002 A 1956 bay Hamdaniyah bred by the Sa’ud Royal Stud at Khafs Daghrah, Saudi Arabia. Purchased in 1958 and imported to the USA in 1961 by Donald A. Holm. By Murjan, a Hamdani of Sa’ud and out of Falhah, a Hamdani yah of Sa’ud.

Raswan Index entries #5518 and #6969 change the strain to Mu’wajjiyah Hammad.

Raswan Index entries #5783 and #6969 change this to Mu’wajjiyah-Hammad and calls the color roan. The Arabic document, in detail, says *Mahsudha “is a Mawirdiah mare... she is the Kehila Hedba, her grandmother is Hadba, her father is Abian and her grandfather is Kehilan.”

NOTES: The above information is from *La Tisa’s Saudi export document, signed by Shaykh Fawzan al-Sabiq [see also Mashaan (RAS), and *Mohalhil] and from AHA im portation records. In the AHA stud books and the Crane stud brochure, *La Tisa was incorrectly shown as a Hamdani Mu’wajj, a non-existent substrain.

The Arabic document, in detail, says *La Tisa “is a Mawirdiah mare... she is the Hamda niah, her grandmother is Hamdaniah, her fa ther is El-Saklawi and her grandfather is Sak lawi.” Written in ink in a different hand to the side of the translation is “Hamdani Mu’wajj.” These errors apparently resulted from some one’s misunderstanding of the term “Mawir diah,” which refers to color. [See also the entry for Dam*Mahsudha]oftenfoals, including: Beau Geste 1938 gs by *Mohalhil Rahmanee 1939 cs by *Mohalhil Pink Princess 1942 gm by *Mohalhil Mordjana 1946 gm by *Mohalhil Jeddah Princess 1947 cm by Prince Faisal

NOTES: The above information is from *Mahsudha’s Saudi export document, signed by Shaykh Fawzan al-Sabiq [see also Mashaan (RAS) and *Mohalhil], and from AHA importation records. In the AHA stud books and the Crane stud brochure, *Mahsudha was incorrectly shown as a Hadban Mu’wajj, a non-existent substrain.

*LA TISA 876 1929 grey Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family, presented to Charles Crane by King Ibn Sa’ud and imported in 1931 to the USA by Crane. By a Saqlawi out of a Hamdaniyah.

*JALAM AL UBAYAN 36944 1949 chestnut stallion bred by Amir Sa’ud Ibn ‘Abd Allah Ibn Jalawi, Governor of al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia, and imported in 1966 to the USA by Connie Cobb. By an ’Ubayyan from Ibn Jalawi out of an ‘Ubayyah from Ibn Jalawi.

*MAHSUDHA 877 1929 grey Hadbah mare bred by Sa’ud Royal Family, presented to Charles Crane by King Ibn Sa’ud and imported in 1931 to the USA by Crane. By an ‘Ubayyan out of a Hadbah.

Dam of two foals: Aair 1937 gs by *Mohalhil Prince Faisal 1940 gs by *Mohalhil *La Tisa *Mahsudhaandas fil lies on the dock en route to the U.S. It is not clear which mare is which, but from later photos of *La Tisa, it is believed she is on the right.

Written in ink in a different hand to the side of the translation is “Hamdani Mu’wajj.” These errors apparently resulted from someone’s misunderstanding of the term “Mawirdiah,” which refers to color. [See also the entry for *La Tisa.]

NOTES: The above information is from *Jalam al Ubayan’s Saudi export document and AHA importation records. Sire of thirteen foals, including:

*Jalam Al Ubayan, aged four, in Saudi Arabia.

*Hadriya 1954 cm out of *Sawannah

*Sheri 1963 cm out of Sabihah (of Saihat) Jalam Fairlie 1966 bg out of *Habiti Malika El Shahhat 1968 gm out of *Sindidah Alwal Bahet 1970 gs out of *Sindidah Nejma Azrek 1970 bm out of Esperanzo Asal Fanifara Ibn Al Ubayan 1972 cs out of Fadaa Hisani Jalam 1972 cs out of Nauwas Hisani Jzairah 1974 cm out of Nauwas AN EXISTING ALSIREKHAMSALINE

NOTES: The above information is from *Nufoud’s Saudi export document and AHA importation records. *Nufoud’s entry in Vol. IV, p125 of the Arabian Horse Club stud books shows the same information, except her color is shown as chestnut. [See note under *Sunshine.] Dam of twelve foals, including: *Sunshine 1932 cs Rubaiyat 1934 cm by Alcazar Katun 1939 cs by Alcazar Kaluga 1945 cm by Alcazar Khouri 1947 cm by Alcazar Kumaria 1948 cm by Alcazar Kamir 1949 cs by Alcazar AN EXISTING AL DAMKHAMSALINE

NOTES: The above information is from *Munifan’s Saudi export docu ment and AHC importation records.

NOTES: The above information is from *Mahraa’s Saudi export document and AHA importation records. Dam of seven foals, including: • *Muhaira 1948 bm by Hamdani (ARA)

Sire of seven foals, including: *Dhafaneh 1948 bm out of *Munifeh Munisaud 1951 cg out of *Munifeh Fanifeh 1955 bs out of *Munifeh

*NUFOUD 854 1925 “red” Kuhaylat ‘Ajuz mare bred by the Sa’ud Roy al Family and imported in 1931 to the USA by Albert W. Harris.

*MUNIFAN 4231 1940 chestnut Kuhaylan stallion bred by the Sa’ud Royal Stud, presented to George O’Brien by Ibn Jalawi, Governor of al-Hasa Provice, Saudi Arabia, and imported in 1947 to the USA by O’Brien. By an ’Ubayyan out of a Kuhaylah.

Dam of eight foals, including: *Dhahfaneh 1948 bm by *Munifan Munisaud 1951 cg by *Munifan Fanifeh 1955 bs by *Munifan Munecho 1961 cs by Sirecho Atalanta 1964 gm by Sirecho Sonecho 1965 cs by Sirecho

Right: the four imported Sa’ud mares for Albert Harris. L to R: *Samirah, *Dahma, *Tairah, *Nufoud. *Munifan.

*Mahraa. NOTE: This photo was badly distorted by a tilted camera lens. Lens correction has been applied. AN EXISTING ALDAMKHAMSALINE

*MUNIFEH 4232 A 1941 bay Kuhaylah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Stud, presented to George O’Brien by Ibn Jalawi, Governor of al-Hasa Province, Saudi Arabia, and imported in 1947 to the USA by O’Brian. [Alternate name: Munijab] By an ‘Ubayyan out of a Kuhaylah.

NOTES: The above information is from *Munifeh’s Saudi export docu ment and AHC importation records. The Raswan Index has an entry for each name: #6808 for a chestnut Munifeh and #6809 for a bay Munijab.

*MAHRAA 5947 1943 bay ‘Ubayyah mare bred by Amir Sa’ud Ibn ‘Abd Allah Ibn Jalawi, Governor of al-Hasa Province, Saudi Arabia, presented to Dr. Esther Ames by Ibn Jalawi and imported in 1950 to the USA by Dr. Ames. By an ‘Ubayyan out of an ‘Ubayyah.

*RUDANN hujjah

*NOURA 854 1917 bay Mun’iqiyah Hadrujiyah mare. Bred by King Abd AlAziz Ibn Sa’ud’s stables in Riyadh, imported in 1928 by Ameen Rihani.

In the name of God the Merciful, the Compassionate City of Riyadh, Province of Nejd, Saudi Arabia 11 Rabi’ II, 1378 (corresponding to 25 October 1958) I, Mutlaq al-’Atawi, Chief of the Royal Stables of His Majesty, Sa’ud ibn Abd’ al Aziz, hereby acknowledge that the mare Rudan, described as: red color on body, red mane and tail, white star and snip on forehead, white hoof and sock on left rear, other hoofs dark, foaled 1 Jumada I, 1370 (correspond ing to February 8, 1951), in the stables of His Majesty in Khafs Daghrah, Province of Nejd. Her dam is the mare Sitah, and her sire is Mashhur, both of pure Hamdani strain and noble origin. I hereby confirm my statement before Allah the Omnipotent (The Merciful and Compassionate) that the mare Rudan is of pure blood and noble origin, descended from horses whose purity of blood and strain have been main tained by the House of Sa’ud.

*RUDANN 18025 1951 chestnut Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1960 to the USA by S.J. Roach. Also called Karo.

*SAMIRAH 851 1925 grey Hamdaniyah Simriyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1931 to the USA by Albert Harris.

NOTES: The above information is from *Noura’s entry in the Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. IV (1937), and Raswan Index entry #7419, which copies the stud book entry. *Noura was pre sented to Ameen Rihani in 1928; she was imported by him to the USA in 1928 (via England). The Arabian Horse Society Stud Book of England agrees with the information, adding “Noura was sent to Ameen Rihani by a special messenger from King Ibn Sa’ud from Riyadh to Damascus, a distance by detours of about 800 miles.”

*Rudann in Saudi Arabia.

NOTES: The above information is from a translation of *Ru dann’s hujjah done near time of purchase, which confirms Arabian Horse Association importation records. Dam of three foals: Taam-Rud 1967 cs by *Taamri Ruta-Am 1970 cs by *Taamri Ibn-Taamri 1971 cs by *Taamri

*Noura and Ameen Rihani.

Signature of Mutlaq al-’Atawi Witnessed by Muhammad Ibrahim al-Khudair, Secretary ~ M. Grignon, c1960 AN EXISTING AL DAMKHAMSALINE AN EXISTING AL DAMKHAMSALINE

NOTES: The above information is from *Samirah’s Saudi ex port document and Arabian Horse Association importation re cords. *Samirah’s entry in Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. IV p125 shows the same information. [See image under *Nufoud.] Dam of 6 foals, including: Khorasan 1935 gm by Alcazar Koweyt 1937 cm by Alcazar Kamen 1939 gs by Alcazar Kerasun 1940 bm by *Sunshine

*Noura’s only foal was a daughter, imported in utero. Photos by Carl Raswan in the Lebanon, following *Noura’s arrival from Ri Damyadh. of at least one foal.

NOTES: The above information is from *Sindidah’s Saudi ex port document and from Arabian Horse Registry importation re cords. The initial stud book entry showed *Sindidah’s importer as Michael Johnson. This was corrected by errata in Arabian Horse Registry stud book Vol. 27, showing Connie Cobb as importer.

*SAOUD 687 1922 bay Hamdani Simri stallion. Bred by King Abd Al-Aziz Ibn Sa’ud’s stables in Riyadh, imported in 1928 by Ameen Rihani.

*SINDIDAH 110011 1954 grey Hamdaniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1966 to the USA by Connie Cobb. By Balaybil, a Hamdani of the Sa’ud Family out of Saree’ah, a Hamdaniyah of the Sa’ud Family.

*Tairah’s entry in Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. IV p.125 shows the same information, except her color is shown as chestnut. [See image under *Nufoud.] Dam of five foals, including: Ras 1934 cs by Alcazar Kintyre 1939 cs by Alcazar Kenur 1940 cs by *Sunshine Left and Above: *Sindidah.

Dam of three foals: Malikah El Shahhat 1968 gm by *Jalam Al Ubayan Sindidan 1969 gs by *Furtha Dhelall Alwal Bahet 1970 gs by *Jalam Al Ubayan AN EXISTING AL DAMKHAMSALINE

*TAIRAH 852 1927 “red” Saqlawiyah Jidraniyah mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family and imported in 1931 to the USA by Albert Harris.

NOTES: The above information is from *Tairah’s Saudi export document and Arabian Horse Association importation records.

NOTES: The above information is from *Saoud’s entry in the Arabian Horse Club stud book Vol. IV (1937), and Raswan Index en try #9110, which copies the stud book entry. *Saoud was presented to Ameen Rihani in 1928, he was imported by him to the USA in 1928 (via England). The Arabian Horse Stud Book of England agrees with the information, adding “In the AHSB the breeder is not stated, but says: ‘The stallion was at the stud of the Governor of Hail, the Ameer Abdul Aziz Ibn Mesaoud, cousin of King Ibn Saoud.’” He is registered there as Masoud. The name was changed upon importation to the US, because there was already a registered *Masoud. *Saoud produced seven registered foals. Sire of seven foals, including: Arsa 1934 gm out of Arjemonde Nashon 1934 bs out of Nardina Reuel 1934 bs out of Domow Himmah 1935 bs out of Chrallah Rasasah 1935 bm out of Aatika Shantah 1936 gm out of Sherah Left: *Saoud in 1933.

The registered breeder of *Sunshine is “Mohamed Ed El Rouaf,” [Muhammad ‘Abd al-Ra’uf] Consul of Hijaz and Najd. (No breeder is named on his registration application.) The papers of the four Saudi mares (*Dahma, *Nufoud, *Samirah and *Tairah) imported by Harris were all from the Sa’ud Royal Family and were signed by the same Mohamed Ed El Rouaf, as representative of King Ibn Sa’ud. It appears that *Sunshine was from the Sa’ud Royal Family, not “Mohamed Ed El Rouaf.” Sire of 35 foals, including: Sabian 1939 cs out of Sabigat Kadmee 1939 cm out of Sultana Keeta 1939 cm out of Tebuk Kenur 1940 cs out of *Tairah Komet 1940 gm out of Tebuk Korti 1940 cs out of Sultana Kerasun 1940 bm out of *Samirah Korinth 1941 cm out of Sultana Khelim 1941 cs out of Abba Khivane 1942 cm out of Tebuk Sunsan 1946 b/gs out of Khorasan Sunbuk 1946 c/gm out of Tebuk Abu Tammam 1947 cs out of Tebuk Kolodin 1947 gs out of Khorasan Kanoula 1948 gm out of Tebuk Kaffa 1949 cm out of Tebuk

NOTES: The above information (except for the dam) is based on *Sunshine’s initial registration in Vol. IV of the Arabian Horse Club stud books. This volume lists *Sunshine’s dam as *Tairah. The dam is corrected to *Nufoud in Vol. V. There is a notarized statement by Harris in *Sunshine’s AHC records that states that there was confusion between *Nufoud and *Tairah “through a similarity of color and markings.” Both are registered chestnut, and both are said to be “light bay” on their Saudi documents. This may be because of a problem of translation of color terminology: for example, hamra (“red”) is usually translated as bay but may refer to certain shades of chestnut as well.

*SUNSHINE 943 1932 chestnut Kuhaylan ‘Ajuz stallion imported in utero in 1931 to the USA by Albert Harris. By “Hadban the Hamdani” out of *Nufoud.

*TURFA 2133 1933 grey mare bred by the Sa’ud Royal Family, imported in 1937 to England as a gift to the royal family, imported to Canada c1941, and imported in 1941 to the USA by Henry Babson. Also called Tarfa.

*Turfa’s first registered owner was listed as Brig. Gen. W.H. Anderson, who was Executive Secretary of the Arab Horse Society, England, at the time. Her second owner was listed as H.B. Babson. Her Certificate of Transfer from Anderson to Babson, dated November 10, 1941, which is on file at the Arabian Horse Trust, agrees with the sire information and gives her dam as a Kuhaylat Ajuz “Al Khorma.”

According to Raswan Index entry #10601, *Turfa’s dam was an ‘Ubayyah al-Hurmah of Ibn Musamih of the al-Hamrah ‘Ajman, as was her sire. Dam of seven foals, including: Turfada 1943 cm by *Fadl Bint Turfa 1944 bm by *Fadl Ibn Fadl 1946 gs by *Fadl AN EXISTING AL DAMKHAMSALINE Turfara 1948 bm by *Fadl Fa-Turf 1952 gs by *Fadl Tarff 1954 gs by *Fadl *Sunshine. *Turfa.

NOTES: According to England’s Arab Horse Society Stud Book Vol. 6 (1944), *Turfa’s sire was an ‘Ubayyan al-Hamrah and her dam was a Kuhaylat of al-Khurmah. Al-Khurmah is not a known substrain of the Kuhaylan, but it was a town where one of the studs of the Sa’ud royal family was located.

NOTES: The above information is from a recent translation of *Taamri’s hujjah [at right] and Arabian Horse Association importa tion records. *Taamri was retained by the Sa’ud Royal Family until 1957, when he was sold to S.J. Roach. *Taamri’s breeder is given as Sa’ud Ibn ‘Abd Al Aziz in his AHA stud book entry. [See under foals: Taam-Rud 1967 cs out of *Rudann Taamhaal 1968 cm out of *Halwaaji Ruta-Am 1980 cs out of *Rudann Ibn-Taamri 1971 cs out of *Rudann *TAAMRI hujjah In the name of God, the Most Merciful and Compassionate, City of Riyadh, Region of Najd Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 12 Rajab 1376 corresponding to February 12th 1957 I, the undersigned, Mutlaq al-‘Atawi, supervisor of the Royal Stables of the Horses of his Royal Highness King Saud Ibn ‘Abdul ‘Aziz, declare that the following pieces of information are correct [alternative: “true”]; The horse “Tamri” and his characteristics are as follows: The color of his body is “Tamri [“date-colored”, from ‘tamr’, date] (dark bay [red] that is close to brown); and his mane and tail are red; and he has a star and a white spot on his forehead, and a thin line of white hair on his left shoulder, and a small line of white hair toward the end of his mane; and a dotted line of white hair on both sides of his belly, exactly on the place of the girth, and a white hoof on his left rear leg; as to his other hooves, they are dark-colored, and he has a marking in the shape of an _] in the front of his left hindquarter; And he was born in the stables of the horses of his Royal Highness Prince Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz in Riyadh in the district of Najd on the date of Rajab 24th 1367, corresponding to June 1st, 1948; as to his dam, she is the filly called “‘Ubayd”, which is light bay in color, and which Nuri ibn Farhan of the Wuld Sulayman surrendered to the stables of His Highness [i.e., Prince Muhammed, the king’s brother] on the date of 22 Ju mada the first, 1367, corresponding to April 1st 1948. This mare is known for her purity of lineage in the strain of ‘Ubayyan, and he is descending of the mare “Nurah” known by all the inhabit ants of Hail and Buraydah; and at the time of her surrendering to the horse stables of his Highness, she had been covered by the horse “Balam” and he is a horse known for his purity of lineage in the strain of ‘Ubayyan. We confirm our testimony in front of God Most High may he be glorified, that what was mentioned above is a correct description of the horse “Tamri” who is ‘whole’ [alternative: “entirely”, i.e., pure] in the strain of ‘Ubayyan, and who traces from horses whose purity of blood and lineage have been preserved by the Wuld Sulayman; Mutlaq al-‘Atawi [signature]

SireBreeder]offour

Testified on this: Muhammad Ibrahim al-Khudayr, the Secre tary [signature] ~ Edouard Al-Dahdah, 2007

*TAAMRI 18026 1948 chestnut ‘Ubayyan stallion bred by the Wuld Sulayman, foaled at the stables of Prince Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-’Aziz of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and imported in 1960 to the USA by Sam J. Roach. Also called Sorghum. By “Balam,” a ‘Ubayyan of the Wuld Sulayman, out of “Ubayd,” a chestnut ‘Ubayyah of the Wuld Sulayman.

AN EXISTING AL SIREKHAMSALINE

Two views of *Taamri in Saudi Arabia

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53 Donors Al Khamsa, Inc. wishes to recognize the following Donors for their generosity and support of $50-$99 to advance the goals of Al Khamsa toward education about and preservation of the authentic Bedouin Arabian horse. Hussain Albufaraj • Edie Booth • Barry & Nancy Breitenstein • Carly Cranmore • Dick & JoAnn Fletcher Karin Floyd • Marie Gravel • Jay & Rachel Harf • Deborah Jackson • Megan King Stephen Kuehler • Steve Langer • Debra Mackie • Alice Martin & Jackson Hensley • Bill & Georgia Martin Mike Nesbit • Crystal Osterhaus-Hardy • Holly Reuter • Kathryn Rhodes • Sabrina & Karsten Scherling Pam Studebaker & Deb Switzer • Mr & Mrs Ralph Tebbe • Deanne Veselka • Diane Wilson Patrons Al Khamsa, Inc. wishes to recognize the following Patrons for their generosity and support in contributing $100-199 to advance the goals of Al Khamsa toward education about and preservation of the authentic Bedouin Arabian horse. Marwan Abusaud & PJ Altshuler Arabian Meadows 2900 Hemming Road Valley View, TX 76282 Edouard Al-Dahdah 1926 1st Street NW, Apt 2 Washington, MD 20001 Frank & Linda Bochansky 1321 East. Circle Mountain Road New River, AZ 85087 Kathleen Cameron 55 Hillside Drive A Pottstown, PA 19464 Robert Coleman 805 Carmel Line Millbrook, ON L0A 1G0 620EltaCanadaCookeOverlook Tr. Port Orange, FL 32127 Lisa Norridgewock,POBCraig271 ME 04957 Willemina DeBoer 9710 CR 209 Hico, TX 76457 Judith Franklin 20451 Road M Cortez, CO 81321 Thelma & George Hooper Hisani Farm 45 Railroad Street Bryant Pond, ME 04219 Stephanie Kerian 20427 Timber Ridge Court Magnolia, TX 77355 Jeannie Lieb Sahra Arabians 288 Maple Street Carlisle, MA 01741 Karen Kravcov Malcolm 30821 N 138th St Scottsdale, AZ 85262-7932 Dr. James & Donna Ott 2304 Kechter Road Fort Collins, CO 80528-9583 Elizabeth Pade POB Hudson,330 CO 80642 Robert Root POB Accokeek,728 MD 20607 DJ 151SheldonDenson Lawrenceburg,RoadTN 38464 Benefactors Al Khamsa, Inc. wishes to recognize the following Benefactors for their generosity and support in contributing $200-299 or more to advance the goals of Al Khamsa toward education about and preservation of the authentic Bedouin Arabian horse. Chris Carlton & Peter Rankaitis POB Silver1013City, NM 88062 Honorary Benefactor Peter Harrigan Hope Cottage, Marks Corner NewPort PO30 5UH, Isle of Wight, UK Jill 2136ErismanNUSHWY 231 Spencer, IN 47460 Catherine Fye 4150 Russell Street Cedar Springs, MI 49319 Honorary Benefactor Sara Jones 1700 South River Road #181 Janesville, WI 53546 Honorary Benefactor: Karen Kasper 3452 Newtown Pike Lexington, KY 40511-8436 Margaret Laverty 21650 Sweeney Road SE Maple Valley, WA 98038 Honorary Benefactor W.G. HagentorwallOlmsOlmsPresse 7 D-31134 Hildesheim, Germany Gert & Elisabeth Stam Caherhurley, Bodyke Broadford, Clare, Ireland Honorary Benefactor: Peter Upton The Old Vicarage Clun S47 8JG, Shropshire, UK Dawn & Bob Woods 9 Buck Drummond,Lane MT 59832

Khamsat Vol. 32 No. 3

Articles inside

Ancestral Elements Series: Sa’ud

Advertising Information and Advertisers Donation Levels and Donor Listings....................................................................52–53

by Moira Walker

by a group of dedicated women

Bits & Pieces

by Diane Wilson

by Moira Walker

Spotlight

Al Khamsa Community Hub

Al Khamsa Registrations from a Poll and How-To

by Beth Minnich, with Michael Bowling