Smart city vs. Green city vs. xxxx which approach for which city
Summer School in “EU Economic Integration and Regional Development” EIPA - Barcelona - 26 June 2013
SUMMARY 1.- The global situation according to: ●
The Royal Society (People and the Planet)
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OECD (Green growth in cities 2013)
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EU (2020 strategy and 2030 green paper)
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Conclusions for cities
2.- Green city vs. smart city 3.- Future of cities
What is the world situation? “People and the Planet” Report The Royal Society (UK) – April 2012
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7 billion people reached during 2011 and between 8 and 10 billion by 2050
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Consumption in richest countries is not affordable for a population of 7 billions or more Developing countries will be building the equivalent of a city of one million people every 5 days form now to 2050.
What is the world situation? “People and the Planet” Report The Royal Society (UK) – April 2012
Recommendations: §
Fight absolute poverty 1.3 Billion people <1,25$/day
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Reduce material consumption levels
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Control fertility rates
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Population and environment should be considered jointly
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New Urbanisation should reduce material consumption and environmental impact Develop new socio-economic systems not dependent on continuous growth
What is the role for cities? OECD
Green Growth in Cities 2013 An explosive urban growth expected for the coming decades Today, 7 billion people, 50% in cities By the end of the century, 10 billion people, 85% in cities
This means +5 billion dwellers to accommodate
What is the role for cities? OECD (Green Growth in Cities 2013) Cities play a disproportionate role in economic and environmental performance of countries 2% of the OECD regions account for 1/3 of the OECD growth In India and China, 5 largest cities account for 5% of the population but contribute 15% of national GDP Cities account for 67% of global energy use and 71% of global energy-related CO2 emissions
Urban policies are key for a glogal green growth
What is urban green growth? OECD (Green Growth in Cities 2013)
It is fostering economic growth and development through urban activities that reduce environmental impact â&#x2014;?
â&#x2014;?
Low air pollution and CO2 emissions Low consumption of natural resources (water, energy, undeveloped land)
It is an opportunity to: Create jobs Attract firms and investment while Improving local environmental quality and Addressing global environmental challenges (climate change)
Benefits of urban green growth OECD (Green Growth in Cities 2013)
For jobs creation, energy-efficiency retrofits of buildings For city attractiveness to firms and talent, increase the efficiency of the transport system For increased production of green goods, foster green technology R+D+i For an increase in the value of urban land, urban redevelopment including infill and eco-districts
Benefits of urban green growth
In the Climate Change Economy, It's About Efficiency, Not Just Growth. Emily Badger. The Atlantic Cities.
And what's the point with the EU? European 2020 strategy (2010) 3 interlinked priorities: 1.
Smart growth Knowledge and Innovation based economy
2.
Sustainable growth a more efficient, greener and competitive economy
3.
Inclusive growth High-employment economy delivering social and territorial cohesion
And what's the point with the EU? European 2020 strategy (2010) 5 EU headline targets: 1.
75% employment rate
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3% investment in R&D (of EU GDP)
3.
20/20/20 climate/energy targets
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<10% early school leavers & min. 40% hold a tertiary degree
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20 million less people at risk of poverty
And what's the point with the EU? An on-going 2030 consultation for climate and energy policies
There are 3 EC Roadmaps for the objective of reducing GreenHouse Gas emissions by 80 to 95% by 2050: ●
A competitive low carbon economy
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Energy
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Transport
By 2030 emissions should be reduced by 40% in the EU and it should be a 30% share of renewable energy Consultation is on how to ensure these objectives.
II. Green cities and Smart cities Green city vs. Smart city?
Green City vs. Smart City
Green City ●
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A Green city is a city which has made a committment with “Green” It means improving Environment Sustainability and Quality of Life With a number of indicators to measure city improvements and – to compare with other cities It is the will of the city to reduce its Carbon footprint –
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Green City vs. Smart City
Green City The fields where a Green City is willing to be better are: ●
Energy reduction (buildings retrofit)
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Renewable energies
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Waste reduction and management
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Water consumption reduction
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Mobility improvement (transport, bikes, pedestrians, compact cities)
Green City vs. Smart City
Smart City A “Smart city” is a city that improves city management through the use of technology The EC Smart Cities Stakeholder Platform has working groups on: ●
Energy supply networks
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Energy efficiency and buildings
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Transport and mobility
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Finance coordination
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Smart City roadmap
To be a Green City is a strategic goal for a city Smart City is a way to efficiently manage the city
Future of Cities Green Cities, Smart Cities,....... OK, but....... ●
What to do with our city?
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Which way must we bring her?
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How to choose the right strategic goals? Not an easy question because........
….there are so much concepts arising Clusters
Green Cities
Smart Cities
Social Cohesion
Leadership
Environment Sustainability
Collaboration
Fight against poverty and social exclusion
Talent
Competitiveness
Macro-regions
Technology
Knowledge Economy
New Government styles
Transparency
Social Economy
Open data
Voluntary work
Education
Citizens Participation
Re-industrialization
E-government
PPP
………..
Innovation
Re-localization
………..
¿How to add all those concepts the right way? §
We need classifying them......
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…....give them priorities......
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…...defining our objectives....
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….understanding the relations between them.....
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……and fitting all of it to our city needs! Let's define a city strategic system!
Generando emprendedores en nuestra ciudad
2.- El sistema, hoy
The city strategic system The system has 3 categories of elements : Goals, tools and complements 1) The main goals, are the same for any town or city: ●
Social Cohesion
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Economic Competitiveness
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Environmental Sustainability
The city strategic system 2) The essential tools ●
Innovation
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New Government Styles
3) The complements ●
They allow us to fit the strategy according to the assets, resources, needs and will of our city
Generando emprendedores en nuestra ciudad
2.- El sistema, hoy
The city strategic system
So, Green? Smart? Xxxxx? Every city must design its own future
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Bibliographical references
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People and the Planet. (The Royal Society, 2012)
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Green Growth in Cities (OECD, 2013)
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2020 EU Strategy and 2030 Eu Green Paper
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In the Climate Change Economy, it's about efficiency, not just growth. Emily Badger. The Atlantic Cities
Thank you!