Alamodoso Magazine - The magazine for the Tularosa Basin & Sacramento Mountains

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Taco’s Reddition to Fame

When I walk along the farmyard and no to my friends, I realize they have changed. I am a minor outcast because I love to let my 16 toes wonder. I enjoy escaping the confines of the farm

The farmer s�ll puts me on my pillow to watch TV in the aircondi�oned house. She buys me my favorite tacos and apple fri�ers with the good quality feed from Hughes Feed.

She bought me my favorite bench from Tulie Treasures and stained glass from Horsefeathers.

But its not the same as running across the street avoiding cars. Soaring on a rope from a hot air balloon as you call up to your macaw friend.

Mee�ng other chickens in a town three hours away by car. The Braque.

I could say that I don’t feel like a special chicken, but I realize when kids’ eyes light up when I see them, or I see a cool magazine story about myself, I …. A simple Silky rooster could make a difference on my community. A�er all, a chicken is merely a chicken … right?

TACO DISCOVERS TULAROSA

Local Tularosa children’s author Dr. Rebecca Michael has written a new

I got to meet Taco the therapy Labrador dog in Albuquerque. I have been in trouble a couple of �mes by the heros in blue, but it was an oversight of ge�ng me home.

I got to realize the whirly birds are heros and that they save people life by moving them through the sky.

Na�ve Air and Care Flight are my new friends. I got to hang out at the Fire House and learn about the biggest trucks

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Taco (B with author Rebecca Michael (T)

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and their firefighters.

I was even allowed to meet the Mayor of Albuquerque. How many animals, or chickens are even allowed to do that?

All because of strangers and friends I met along the way.

Fame has not changed me. My life is good. The farm animals don’t get me, but everyone else does.

How can that be wrong?

I love adventure.

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FOUNTAIN DESIGN SUBMITTED

Those Interested in Erection of Fountain Invited to Make Suggestions

WILL BE BUILT OF ALAMO WHITE MARBLE

Alamogordo News

November 23, 1907

Theaccompanyingcutrepresentsthesketchdesign proposedforthepublicfountainforAlamogordo,thefunds forwhichwereraisedbythe AlamogordoNewsbysubscription.

Itisproposedtobuildthe fountainattheintersectionof TenthStreetandNewYork Avenue,withwatertroughsfor animalsonthenorth,eastand westsides,withapublicdrinkingfountainfacingthesouth, reachedbyawalkfromthe bankbuildingtothedrug store.Thislocationleavesvery ampleroomforvehiclestopass onTenthStreetnorthofthe fountain,alsototurnfrom NewYorkavenueeitherwest oreastontenthstreet.

Thefountainwillbebuilt ofAlamogordowhitemarble

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andtheupperportionwillcontain acavityinwhichdirtwillbe placedandflowersandvines planted,givingthepyramidaleffect showninthedrawing.

Itisproposedtobeginworkat once,andtheNewsespeciallyasks thatanyofthesubscriberstothe fundwhohavesuggestionstooffer willcalltheNewsofficeand inspecttheworkingdrawings,in orderthatanysuggestionsorideas maybeincorporatedpriorto lettingthecontractsforthework.

Thewatercompanyhas generouslydonatedthewaterfor thefountain,andwhenitis completedwearesurethecitizens ofAlamogordowilltakepridein thepublicfountain.

DO YOU WANT A HOME?

Weownandofferforsale someofthebestbusinessand residencepropertyin Alamogordo,ranginginprice from$1,000to$6,000 accordingtosizeandlocation.

DESIRABLE RESIDENCE LOTS

Inallpartsofthecitywillbe soldatRockBottomPrices.Just makeasmallpaymentdownand therestcanbepaidmonthly untilyourlotispaidfor.

DO YOU WANT TO RENT?

Wehaveforrentatthistime fivedesirablevacanthouses ranginginsizefromthreeto fiveroomseach;allofthese homesarenowbeingpaintand decorated.Rentfrom$6to$12 permonth.

Alamogordo Improvement Company

W.R. Eldson, V.P. & Gen’l Manager

$1,000in1907isworth $32,458�40today

$6,000in1907isworth $194,750�43today

$6in1907isworth $194�75today

$12in1907isworth $389�50today

Theaveragewagein 1907was22centsperhour. Theaverageworkermade between$200and$400per year.

Theaveragelife expectancywas47years. Only14percentofthe homeshadabathtub.Only8 percentofthehomeshada telephone.

Sugarcostfourcentsa pound.Eggswerefourteen centsadozen.Coffeewas fifteencentsapound.Most womenonlywashedtheir haironceamonth,andused Boraxoreggyolksfor shampoo.Canadapasseda lawthatprohibitedpoor peoplefromEnteringinto theircountryforanyreason.

Tom Charles Tours

Therewereabout230 reportedmurdersinthe ENTIREU.S.A.!

Marijuana,heroin,and morphinewereallavailable overthecounteratthelocal cornerdrugstores.Backthen pharmacistssaid,"Heroin clearsthecomplexion,gives buoyancytothemind,

Oh,thecomforttheinexpressiblecomfort offeelingsafe withaperson, havingneithertoweigh thoughts, normeasurewords, butpouringthemall rightout-justastheyare chaffandgraintogether certainthatafaithfulhand willtakeandsiftthem keepwhatisworthkeeping andwithabreathofkindness, blowtherestaway.

Weseemtohaveforgotten thisformofcomfort.

contributedby GloriaMarie

Da�ng back to the 15th century, the glasses belonged to the Eighth Shogun, Yoshimasa Ashikaga, who reigned from 1449 to 1473, during the Muromachi period of Japanese history. Both the glasses and their accompanying case were made of hand-carved white ivory.

Glasses were actually first invented, however, in Italy (some say Florence, to be precise) in 1286 or thereabouts. In a sermon from 1306, a Dominican friar wrote:

“It is not yet twenty years since there was found the art of making eyeglasses, which make for good vision… And it is so short a �me that this new art, never before extant, was discovered.”

Above, is shown what The On-Line Museum and Encyclopedia of Vision Aids believes is the world’s oldest surviving pair of glasses.

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Inspired by one of America’s most notorious couples, Bonnie and Clyde, Jennifer L. Wright delivers a rive�ng tale set during the public enemy era of the Great Depression.

Beatrice Carraway has dreams. Although she’s aged out of the childhood pageant circuit, she’s intent on carrying her talents all the way to the big screen—if only she can escape the poverty of West Dallas first. But as the Great Depression drags the working class further and further under, Beatrice struggles just to keep herself, her mother, and her younger sister afloat. A�er a string of failed audi�ons, she feels defeated.

And then in walks Jack Turner. Though Beatrice is determined to pull herself up by her bootstraps, Jack has decided on a different path out of the gu�ers. It isn’t long before Beatrice is swept into an exci�ng

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and glamorous life of crime beside the man she loves. Keeping one step ahead of the law, she sees her dreams of fame come true when her name and picture are plastered in newspapers across the country.

Yet as their infamy grows, the distance between them widens. While Jack begins seeking bigger payouts and publicity, Beatrice starts to long for a safe, quiet life and something deeper to fill the emp�ness in her soul. But when the danger of Jack’s schemes ratchets up, Beatrice fears her dreams—and her future—will end up going down in a hail of bullets.

Jennifer Wright has been wri�ng since middle school, eventually earning a master’s degree in journalism from Indiana University. However, it took only a few short months of covering the local news to realize that wri�ng fic�on is much be�er for the soul–and

definitely way more fun. A born and bred Hoosier, she was swept off her feet by an Air Force pilot and has spent the past decade traveling the world and, every few years, a�emp�ng to make old curtains fit in the windows of a new home.

She currently resides in New Mexico with her husband, two children, one grumpy dachshund, and an overly demanding guinea pig.

She is a member of ACFW (American Chris�an Fic�on Writers Associa�on), and can be found on Facebook, Instagram, and some�mes (but very rarely) on Twi�er.

Her debut novel, “If It Rains,” was nominated for a Kipp Award in the Historical Fic�on Category.

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Origins of the Apache Indians

From “Geronimo: His Own Story”

by S.M. Barrett, 1905

In the beginning, the world was covered with darkness. There was no sun, no day. The perpetual night had no moon or stars.

There were, however, all manner of beasts and birds. Among the beasts were many hideous, nameless monsters, as well as dragons, lions, �gers, wolves, foxes, beavers, rabbits, squirrels, rats, mice, and all manner of creeping things such as lizards and serpents. Mankind could not prosper under such condi�ons, for the beasts and serpents destroyed all human offspring.

All creatures had the power of speech and were gi�ed with reason.

There were two tribes of creatures: the birds or the feathered tribe and the beasts. The former were organized wider their chief, the eagle.

These tribes o�en held councils, and the birds wanted light admi�ed. This the beasts repeatedly refused to do. Finally, the birds made war against the beasts.

The beasts were armed with clubs, but the eagle had taught

his tribe to use bows and arrows. The serpents were so wise that they could not all be killed. One took refuge in a perpendicular cliff of a mountain in Arizona, and his eyes that changed into a brilliant stone may be see in that rock to this day.

The bears, when killed, would each be changed into several other bears, so that the more bears the feathered tribe killed, the more there were.

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The dragon could not be killed, either, for he was covered with four coats of horny scales, and the arrows would not penetrate these. One of the most hideous, vile monsters was proof against arrows, so the eagle flew high up in the air with a round, white stone, and let it fall on this monster’s head, killing him instantly. This was such a good service that the stone was called sacred. They fought for many days, but at last the birds won the victory.

A�er this war was over, although some evil beasts remained, the birds were able to control the councils, and the light was admi�ed, Then mankind could live and prosper. The eagle was chief in this good fight: therefore, his feathers were worn by man as emblems of wisdom, jus�ce, and power.

Among the few human beings that were yet alive was a woman

who had been blessed with many children, but these had always been destroyed by the beasts. If by any means she succeeded in eluding the others, the dragon, who was very wise and very evil, would come himself and eat her babes.

A�er many years a son of the rainstorm was born to her and she dug for him a deep cave. The entrance to this cave she closed and over the spot built a campfire. This concealed the babe’s hiding place and kept him warm. Every day she would remove the fire and descend into the cave, where the child’s bed was, to nurse him; then she would return and rebuild the campfire.

Frequently the dragon would come and ques�on her, but she would say “I have no more children; you have eaten all of them.”

When the child was larger he would not always stay in the cave, for he some�mes wanted to run and play. Once the dragon saw his tracks. Now this perplexed and enraged the old dragon, for he could not find the hiding place of the boy; but he said that he would destroy the mother if she did not reveal the child’s hiding place.

His poor mother was very much troubled; she could not give up her child, but she knew the power and cunning of the dragon, therefore she lived in

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Tours Car

fear.

Soon a�er this, the boy said that he wished to go hun�ng. The mother would not give her consent. She told him of the dragon, the wolves, and serpents; but he said “Tomorrow I go.”

At the boy’s request his uncle, who was the only man then living, made a li�le bow and some arrows for him, and the two went hun�ng the next day. They trailed the deer far up the mountain and finally, the boy killed a buck. His uncle showed him how to dress the deer and broil the meat.

They broiled two hindquarters, one the child and one for his uncle. When the meat was done they placed it on some bushes to cool. Just then the huge form of the dragon appeared. The child was not afraid, but his uncle was so dumb with fright that he did not speak or move.

The dragon took the boy’s parcel of meat and went aside with it. He placed the meat on another bush and seated himself beside it. Then he said:

“This is the child I have been seeking. Boy, you are nice and fat, so when I have eaten this venison I shall eat you.” The boy said, “No, you shall not eat me, and you shall not eat that meat.” So he walked over to where the dragon sat and to where the meat back to his own seat. The dragon said,

See

“ I like your courage, but you are foolish; what do you think you could do?”

Well, said the boy, “I can do enough to protect myself, as you may bind out.”

Then the dragon took the meat again, and then the boy retook it. Four �mes in all the dragon took the meat, and a�er the fourth �me the boy replaced the meat he said, “Dragon, will you fight me?”

The dragon said, “Yes, in whatever way you like.”

The boy said, I will stand one hundred paces distant from you and you may have four shots at me with your bow and arrows, provided that you will then exchange places with me and give me four shots.

Good, said the dragon. Stand up.”

Then the dragon took his bow, which was made of a large

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Con�nued from page 28 pine tree. He took four arrows from his quiver; they were made of young pine tree saplings, and each arrow was twenty feet in length. He took deliberate aim, but just as the arrow le� the bow the boy made a peculiar sound and leaped into the air.

Immediately the arrow was shivered into a thousand splinters, and the boy was seen standing on the top of a bright rainbow over the spot where the dragon’s aim had been directed. Soon the rainbow was gone and the boy was standing on the ground again.

Four �mes this was repeated, then the boy said, “Dragon, stand here: it is my �me to shoot.”

The dragon said, “All right, your li�le arrows cannot pierce my first coat of horn, and I have three other coats –shoot away.”

The boy shot an arrow, striking the dragon just over the heart, and one coat of the great horny scales fell to the ground. The next shot another coat, and then another, and the dragon’s heart was exposed.

Then the dragon trembled, but could not move. Before the fourth arrow was shot the boy said, “Uncle, you are dumb with fear; you have not moved; come here or the dragon will fall on you.” His uncle ran toward him. Then he sped the fourth arrow with true aim, and it pierced the dragon’s heart. With a tremen-

dous roar, the dragon rolled down the mountainside — down four precipices into a canon below.

Immediately storm clouds swept the mountains, lightning flashed, thunder rolled, and the rain poured. When the rainstorm had passed, far down in the canon below, they could see fragments of the huge body of the dragon lying among the rocks, and the bones of this dragon may s�ll be found there.

This boy’s name was Apache. Usen taught him how to prepare herbs for medicine, how to hunt, and how to fight. He was the first chief of the Indians and wore the eagle’s feathers the sign of jus�ce, wisdom, and power.

To him and to his people, as they were created, Usen gave homes in the land of the West.

The Alamogordo Woman's Club is a one-story building located at the southeast corner of 12th Street. Since it’s construc�on as a Works Progress Administra�on (WPA) project in 1936, it has been in con�nuous use as a gathering place for many of the community's social and voluntary ac�vi�es and is considered a landmark within the city located at 1118 Indiana.

Typical of many of the public works projects undertaken during the New Deal in New Mexico, the building incorporates a number of details and materials associated with the Pueblo Revival style, including the locally manufactured adobe blocks used in the building's construc�on.

The Alamogordo Women’s

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Club met at the Masonic Temple and at the First Na�onal Bank of Alamogordo at the present day Roadrunner Galleria, built the library originally located behind Roadrunner Emporium at the present day Blush Hair Salon. And they sought a building of their own.

Their quest appeared in the form of a WPA project sponsored by the Otero County Commission. A�er George Abbo�, a�orney for the Alamogordo Improvement Company, in 1935, gave the club the �tle to land with the provision that the Alamogordo Woman's Club would serve as the building's agent, making it available to all civic groups.

The commission then applied for a WPA grant that was granted in March, 1936. Totaling $5,875, the grant provided for relief-eligible workers to construct the building with the county furnishing materials such as the building's adobe bricks and vigas. (Vigas - one of the heavy ra�ers and especially a log suppor�ng the roof in American Indian and Spanish architecture of the Southwest)

Publishers note: $5,875 in 1936 is worth $128,957.94 today

See ad page 60 Annual Pumpkin Patch Oct. 21/21 See Page 61

Thinking back, a few years ago, before I sold my li�le camper and se�led for a few nights in “The Spruce Cabins” in Cloudcro�, I recall the hard �mes, my “old” camping out, wilderness days, living off the land…..the miseries of camping out…..

I could have went in debt for another six years and bought a big truck to pull a bigger camper, but, even though everyone now leans toward "the bigger, the be�er,” I s�ll like my li�le truck. So, hampered by the lack of a few horses, (horsepower), I have a small camper, a “Casita.”

Unfortunately, my wife’s not into “camping out,” surviving in the wilderness, living off the land. Lucky for her. Breakfast the first morning in the wilderness, namely, the small village in Cloudcro�, NM, near my camping spot, was rough, she might not have made it

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thru the ordeal. Social distancing, ea�ng out in the wilderness, or rather under the canopy, partaking of the outside dining at “Dusty Boots Cafe,” enjoying the eggs, hash browns, and sausage, while figh�ng off bears, mountain lions, irate waitresses, flies, and hungry dogs. It was rough, but, like I told my wife,

“Hey, that’s just part of camping out.”

The problem with owning a camper is, for prepara�on to travel, it requires a lot of kneeling and crawling, something we "seventy something" year olds try to avoid. Once we get down, we may need a winch, or possibly a "wench" to help us get back up......Ha........Don't tell my wife I said that, she some�mes tends to go overboard with revenge.

“Oh yeah, well mister big man, here's your cell phone, call the fire department."

The Tea Shed

She’s pe�y like that.

Hooking up and re-familiarizing myself with all the ameni�es seemed easy enough, I re-read all the pamphlets, took a couple of hours to go through, then equipped with all the knowledge I needed to run the air condi�oner, heaters, fridge, etc......

“Dang it, bleep, how do I turn this water heater on?”

Yep, you got it, I called in the "big guns" to help me puzzle it out, my son, grandson, son-inlaw, and wife, well actually I didn't call my wife, she just showed up, uninvited, started supervising, and ordering people around.

I guess you could probably safely say I'm now prepared to disappear into the wilderness for a few days, with the comforts of home, unfortunately, I can't squeeze my recliner in, thought about takin it apart, disassembling it, to get it in my camper, but my stubborn wife quickly vetoed that idea. I’m now workin on plans for an outside recliner hauled to the wilderness in the back of a pickup truck.

“Innova�ons.”

Just a quick trip to Wallyworld for a so� ma�ress pad, a small TV, and a DVD player, along with a few good CD's, ”Tombstone,” “Dances with Wolves,” “Lonesome

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Dove,” and I'll be ready to go... .or should I say, “Rough it.”

Go�a remember to load up my coffee and "hazelnut creamer". .........., there's nothing like roughing it in the wilderness.... ..smelling the cool, cool pines, while munching on a spam sandwich or a can of sardines..

I men�on my wife several �mes in this story, and I must say, when we were young, we camped together, in an old tent, sleeping on a cold cot, or the hard ground, ligh�ng an old Coleman lantern to take the winter chill out. She was a good sport, a real mountain woman. But, alas, �me has changed her, can’t say I blame her, the motels rooms are nicer, the “Spruce cabins” more accommoda�ng. The miseries of camping out, “roughin it” now just a happy, faded memory.

Order from Amazon

Story courtesy of Junior Thurman Artesia, New Mexico, author of Comanches Don't Drive Trucks

Collateral Damage

Story courtesy of Lesley M. M. Blume

Bulle�n of the Atomic Scien�sts h�ps://thebulle�n.org

On Sunday, July 15, 1945, at around 11 pm Mountain War Time, New York Times reporter and in-house Manha�an Project historian (or propagandist, some would say) William L. Laurence joined the project’s scien�sts on a caravan of buses, trucks, and cars heading out of Albuquerque. Their des�na�on: the New Mexico desert,

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about 125 miles to the southeast, to witness the first atomic bomb detona�on in history. None of the bomb’s creators knew whether the test—codenamed “Trinity”— would be successful. One of the scien�sts even speculated that the blast could ignite the nitrogen in the earth’s atmosphere and end human civiliza�on.

When the caravan reached its des�na�on—the Alamogordo Bombing Range in the desert basin known as the Jornada del Muerto (translated into English “dead’s man’s journey”)—the night sky was dark with black clouds, Laurence later recalled, except for an occasional, foreboding bolt of lightning. The group was given strict instruc�ons about what to do when the bomb went off: Lie prone on the ground, face down, head facing away from ground zero. Do not look at the bomb’s flash directly. Stay on the ground un�l the blast wave passed. Someone produced a bo�le of sunscreen, and the scien�sts passed it around, rubbing it into their faces and arms in the dark.

When the blast came, Laurence recalled, it felt like a biblical experience. “There rose from the bowels of the earth a light not of this world, the light of many suns in one,” he later recalled. “It was as though the earth had opened

courtesy of Tyler Florence on Food network

and the skies had split. One felt as though one were present at the moment of crea�on when God said, ‘Let there be light.’ ”

Standing nearby, the socalled “father of the bomb,” J. Robert Oppenheimer, famously likened himself in that moment to Vishnu, “the destroyer of worlds.”

The protec�ve guidance that Laurence and the other eyewitnesses had been given was shockingly inadequate in the face of such awesome and destruc�ve power, but at least they knew it was coming. Civilians living nearby, on the other hand, were given no advance warning of the test.

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Nor was any effort made by the US government to evacuate them beforehand or a�erward.

The test site—selected in 1944 from a shortlist of eight possible test sites in California, Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado—had been selected, in part, for its supposed isola�on. Yet in reality, nearly half-a-million people were living within a 150-mile radius of the explosion, with some as close as 12 miles away. Many, if not most, of these civilians were s�ll asleep when the bomb detonated just before dawn.

Several civilians nearby— stunned by the blast—later reported that they thought they were experiencing the end of the world. A local press report stated that the flash had been so bright that a

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blind girl in Socorro, New Mexico—about 100 miles from the bombing range— was able to see it, and asked: “What’s that?” In Ruidoso, New Mexico, a group of teenage campers were jolted

out of their bunk beds onto their cabin floor. They ran outside, worried that a water heater had exploded. Barbara Kent, one of the campers, recently recalled in an interview with Na�onal Geographic that “[A]ll of a sudden, there was a big cloud overheard, and lights in the sky. It hurt our eyes. It was as if the sun came out tremendous. The whole sky turned strange.”

A few hours later, white flakes began to fall from the sky. The campers began to

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J. Robert Oppenheimer

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play in the flurry. “We were grabbing the white flakes, and pu�ng it all over ourselves, pressing it on our faces,” Kent said. “But the strange thing, instead of being cold like snow, it was hot. And we all thought, ‘Well, the reason it’s hot is because it’s summer.’ We were only thirteen; we didn’t know any be�er.”

One family in Oscuro, about 45 miles away from the site, hung wet bed sheets in their windows to keep the flakes from floa�ng into the house. The strange substance con�nued to fall from the sky for days, coa�ng everything: orchards, gardens, herds of livestock, cisterns, ponds, and rivers. Soon the Oscuro family’s chickens died. The family dog died.

The local newspapers soon offered up an explana�on for the blast: There had been an ammuni�on magazine explosion, “…containing a considerable amount of high explosives and pyrotechnics,” said one Associated Press (AP) report. There had been no loss of life or injury, the story reassured readers, although there had been reports that the explosion had “ra�led windows.” This did not, of course, account for the peculiar snow. Nor did it strike some locals as an

adequate explana�on for the terrifying orange and red fiery column that had extended into the sky—nor the blast so bright that it could be seen in Mexico, Arizona, and Texas.

By United Press

JULY 17, 1945

EL PASO -- Officials late Wednesday revealed that an ammuni�on magazine containing a considerable amount of high explosives, exploded early this morning in the New Mexico desert on an isolated sec�on of the Alamogordo air base reserva�on.

The explosion was seen and felt in El Paso, 100 miles away.

No one was injured in the blast, officials said. Except to the ammuni�on magazine, no damage was reported.

Alamogordo air base officials said that many inquiries were made concerning the terrific blast. Some people that an earthquake had struck, because of earth tremors caused by the blast.

Barbara Kent, the teenaged camper, recalled a�ending an official town-square announcement soon a�er the blast in Ruidoso. Government officials told gathered locals that “[T]here was an explosion at a dump,’” she recalled later. “They said, ‘No one worry about anything; everything is

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fine.’ Some people believed it, but others couldn’t imagine that a dump explosion would do this. They lied to us. I didn’t learn the truth un�l years later”

The decision not to inform or evacuate nearby civilians about the Trinity test came from the top-down. For Manha�an Project leader Gen. Leslie R. Groves, ge�ng the bomb ready for war�me use in near-total secrecy was crucial and trumped all other considera�ons.

Some Manha�an Project doctors and physicists had a�empted to warn Groves and Oppenheimer about the possible exposure risk for surrounding communi�es. Physicist Joseph Hirschfelder made preliminary calcula�ons about possible fallout distribu�on, and told Oppenheimer that radia�on from the ac�ve material and fission products might render

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48 up to 100 square kilometers (roughly just over 38.5 square miles) around the test site uninhabitable.

Fallout pa�erns mapped during a pre-test detona�on in May of plutonium-spiked TNT amplified the fears of the doctors, who urged Groves and other Manha�an Project leaders to develop civilian evacua�on plans.

In his capacity with the Health Group, Nolan was placed in charge of safety for the Trinity Test. Safety was not the military’s top priority, however. In Nolan’s own words, “Possible hazards were not too important in those days. There was a war going on.” There was also an incomplete view of all the weapon’s effects: “The bomb was designed as a weapon of warfare primarily u�lizing blast and heat for destruc�ve forces…radia�on hazards were en�rely secondary.”

Their entrea�es were met

with indifference at best, and outrage at worst. When Manha�an Project radiologist James Nolan approached Groves about the probable threat to civilians, the general grew “genuinely sore at [him] for bringing up the prospects of radioac�ve contamina�on” and even accused him of being “some kind of Hearst propagandist,” says Nolan’s grandson, James L. Nolan, Jr., in his recent book, Atomic Doctors: Conscience and Complicity at the Dawn of the Nuclear Age. For the general, any substan�al advance evacua�on was a non-starter: Such a large-scale opera�on might a�ract press a�en�on—or worse, somehow a�ract the enemy’s a�en�on—and compromise the en�re clandes�ne military opera�on.

No one knew how strong the actual test’s blast would be. Some of the project’s scien�sts set a be�ng pool about the probable TNT yield, with guesses ranging from zero to 45 kilotons—the equivalent to 45,000 tons of TNT. The Trinity test’s blast on July 16—which gave off heat 10,000 �mes ho�er than the surface of the sun—ul�mately packed a payload equivalent to around 15,000 tons of TNT and sent the resul�ng mushroom cloud some 50,000-70,000 feet into the air. (Experts had wrongly predicted that it would likely

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Ranch

50 reach around 12,000 feet.) It carried with it hundreds of tons of irradiated soil dredged up in the explosion. In addi�on, the vast majority of the plutonium in the bomb—about 4.8 kilograms, or a bit more than 10.5 pounds— had not fissioned and was also carried up into the cloud. It would soon be sca�ered across the surrounding terrain along with the rest of the blast’s radioac�ve debris.

The cloud divided into three parts: one dri�ed east, another part to the west and northwest, and the last third to the northeast, moving across a region 100 miles long and 30 miles wide and “dropping its trail of fission products” the en�re way, according a 2010 report on the Trinity test by the Centers for

Disease Control and Preven�on . Nineteen coun�es in New Mexico were in the downwind area, including 78 larger towns and ci�es, and dozens of ranches and pueblos. The 2010 CDC study found that radia�on levels near homes in some “hot spots” a�er the test had reached “almost 10,000 �mes what is currently allowed in public areas,” and that, northeast of the test site, visible radioac�ve par�cles se�led in a “white mist” in ravines above grazing ca�le.

“There is s�ll a tremendous quan�ty of radioac�ve dust floa�ng in the air,” wrote Manha�an Project Chief Medical Officer Stafford Warren to Groves

five days a�er the blast, adding that “a very significant [radia�on] hazard” existed within a 2,700-square mile area downwind of the test. (Tucker and Alvarez 2019). Added physicist Kenneth Bainbridge, who oversaw the Trinity test: “A large region of the countryside was contaminated by fission products.”

S�ll, some of the Manha�an Project principals were relieved that it hadn’t been worse.

“We were,” said Louis Hempelmann, Director of the Health Group at the Los Alamos site of the Manha�an Project, “just awfully damn lucky” (Nolan 2020).

Even at this point, no efforts were made to evacuate civilians now living in a nuclear fallout zone.

In the days and weeks a�er the Trinity test, government monitors discretely began to conduct tests in areas surrounding the test site, although “Fallout measurements taken a�er the explosion were very limited, and primi�ve instruments were used,” according to a 2019 report in the Bulle�n of the Atomic Scien�sts

The Manha�an Project doctors knew that civilians had been “probably overexposed,” as

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

Hempelmann put it later.

“But they couldn’t prove it,” he added, “and we couldn’t prove it. So we just assumed that we got away with it.”

That said, Groves did realize that a blast whose flash could reportedly have been seen from the moon probably couldn’t be kept secret indefinitely. His headquarters fed to the Associated Press the so-called “cover story” about the ammuni�on magazine explosion. (The general had ensured that various fic�ons about the test were pressready, including obituaries of Manha�an Project principals in case the test went horribly wrong. They were prepared by New York Times reporter William Laurence, who, for the purported cause of their deaths invented a “lurid tale of the accidental explosion of a new deadly—and nonexistent—poison gas.”

Whether its editors were skep�cal about it or not, the AP carried the cover story. Local newspapers du�fully reproduced it. Around six weeks later, a�er Japan had surrendered, Groves personally thanked the publisher of the Socorro Chie�ain for his “excellent spirit of co-opera�on in maintaining the secrecy of the Los Alamos [atomic bomb] project.” The publisher

proudly ran the le�er’s text in the paper.

When the news broke that the United States had used a new mega-weapon called an atomic bomb to eviscerate Hiroshima, many New Mexicans learned that the blast that had sha�ered their windows and blanketed their homes in warm ash was not, a�er all, an ammuni�on dump explosion.

“People were saying, ‘Oh, now I know what happened,’ ” recalls Tina Cordova, resident of Tularosa, about 40 miles away from the Trinity site. “But they didn’t know yet what that meant from a health consequence perspec�ve.” Much of Cordova’s extended family has lived in and around Tularosa for genera�ons. Her paternal grandparents and her father, then a young boy, were asleep at home the morning of the test. The blast threw them out of their beds. Cordova’s grandmother later described the ash that fell from the sky for days a�erwards as something that “got on everything, went everywhere, the soil, the water,” says Cordova. “Everything they were ea�ng or drinking in 1945 a�er the test was contaminated, but they didn’t know it.”

Even a�er the Manha�an Project had gone public,

Story continues page 65

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

The Sidney Paul Gordon Shoo�ng Range, located in La Luz, has seen many changes since its beginnings in 1985 and will con�nue to see improvements in the coming years.

Sidney “Paul” Gordon -a re�red U.S. Forest Ranger, with the combined efforts of the White Sands Rotary Club began taking on the task of developing a formal shoo�ng area in Otero County. The ini�al project took roughly seven years to come to frui�on.

Rooted in the need for residents of Otero County to have a formal area to safely prac�ce shoo�ng archery and firearms. At the �me, unsupervised public lands were the only alterna�ve.

Once Otero County and the Bureau of Land Management, along with other BLM lease holders and several Law Enforcement Agencies came to an agreement for lease of the property in La Luz, construc�on began. The U.S. Border Patrol along with units from Fort Hood and Camp Lejeune began ini�al construc�on.

Story con�nues page 57

As Friends of La Luz Range,a 501(c)(3) non-profit founda�on, our mission is to financially aid, solicit, collect and provide funds, receive gi�s and bequests, educate on firearm and archery safety, promote shoo�ng compe��on and the use of the Sidney Paul Gordon Shoo�ng Range.

We have organized our founda�on following the IRS, New Mexico and local guidelines to support "The Sidney Paul Gordon Shoo�ng Range" with their plans and opera�ons.

FOLLR has a list of projects specifically designed to benefit the "Sidney Paul Gordon Shoo�ng Range."

FOLLR has created and published the Tri-Fold brochure adver�sing and promo�ng the "Sidney Paul Gordon Shoo�ng Range."

FOLLR has purchased and erected three carports to be used as shade structures on general purpose bays 1 and 4 and the archery bay at the range.

You are invited to a�end our mee�ng. FOLLR meets at 6:15 PM, the second Wednesday of each month.

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Continued from page 54

In 1999 Robert “Robbie” Roberts was hired by Otero County as the first Range Supervisor. By 2000, Roberts saw the need for expansion of the range further, due to increased use by Law Enforcement as well as the public. His efforts led to the construc�on of a 100-yard range solely for Law Enforcement use, and the addi�on of three more mul�purpose bays. Construc�on of these new bays was accomplished by the Mesa Verde Construc�on company generously volunteering their efforts.

Jay Frost took on the task of Range Supervisor upon Roberts’ departure in early Story con�nues page 62

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WhatIs ACherry Bounce?

Depending which Southern state you hail from, your bar cart might be stocked differently. For Texas, the house drink is a fizzy Ranch Water. Kentucky has the silvercupped Mint Julep. Florida breaks out the blender for its Bushwacker. There’s Mississippi punch, New Orleans’ Hurricanes, and BlackEyed Susans over in Maryland. However, it was long believed that North Carolina had no such drink, but rather its many local beers and hard ciders. Oh, and milk, which is curiously the official state beverage. But if you dive deep into the history books, North

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Carolina does have one original party cocktail: the Cherry Bounce.

Cherry Bounce is a sweet, infused liqueur that goes back to the 1700s when it was customarily served as a sipping cordial. It calls for cherries, sugar, and some sort of liquor for steeping, typically brandy, whiskey, bourbon, or occasionally vodka. It can taste almost saccharinely sweet, with quite the strong boozy kick; and it requires much steeping �me, like a fruitcake, which results in very intense (and real) cherry flavor.

While many folks may have never heard of it, its roots run back hundreds of years in North Carolina, and there’s a Cherry Bounce Fes�val that s�ll occurs there every year.

This liqueur dates back to the 1700s and was a familiar drink to come across during dinner par�es, society events, and at local watering holes. It’s rumored to have once been a favorite aperi�f of George Washington. (According to Mount Vernon, he enjoyed this par�cular drink so much he took a “canteen” of it during a trip across Allegheny Mountains in 1784.)

Cherry Bounce was also made famous thanks to an enthusias�c Irishman moonshiner in North Carolina. In the late 1800s, Amos Owens

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62 was known as the “Cherry Bounce King.” His recipe for cherry bounce moonshine was a combina�on of corn-based whiskey, honey, and local cherries he would get from nearby Cherry Mountain. His cherry bounce became popular with locals and people who would travel to try his signature concoc�on, and he would even host an event in honor of the drink, aptly called the Cherry Bounce Fes�val. Despite a few s�nts in jail for evading the then-heavy tax on alcohol imposed a�er the Civil War, Owens helped keep the cherry bounce spirit alive in North Carolina for genera�ons to come. You can s�ll a�end the Cherry Bounce Fes�val in Forest City, North Carolina, which is around 60 miles southeast of Asheville.

While you can certainly enjoy the cherry-infused cordial alone as a sipping drink, it also makes a great mixer for cocktails or spritzes. We recommend adding it alongside flavored sparkling sodas, such as lemon-lime for a twist on a Shirley Temple. It can be offered as a fes�ve a�er-dinner drink during the holidays or used in spiked party punches. It's also a unique food gi� to prep during summer when cherries are fresh and save for holiday gi�ing. A�er straining the liquid, you can even keep the cherries for snacking. Warning: They’ll be quite strong, so keep away from the kids!

See ad page 60 Annual Pumpkin Patch Oct. 21/21 See Page 61

Continues from page 56 2001. Frost oversaw many changes to the range in his �me as supervisor.

Seeing the need for adjustments, for safety reasons, the then 500-yard range was shortened to its current 360yards.

During Frost’s tenure at the SPG Range grant funds were acquired from the NRA for new shoo�ng tables as well as ammuni�on for the then annual NRA Women on Target® clinics that had begun to be held at the range with the sponsorship of the Otero Prac�cal Shoo�ng Associa�on (OPSA), later sponsored by a local gun store un�l 2022.

In 2018, with Frost’s re�rement, Otero County hired Mark Douglas –re�red U.S. Border Patrol. Douglas con�nues the ever-evolving

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process of improvement at the SPG Range.

In the last five years, Douglas has seen to increasing the frequency of NRA Women on Target® clinics to twice a year, range office and classroom improvements, applying for and receiving mul�ple grants, educa�on and training for range staff, and the forma�on of The Friends of La Luz Range –a 501c3 that helps to promote the range and raise funds for range improvements and events.

Douglas spearheaded training for the expanding range staff, hoping to cer�fy them at a minimum as Range Safety Officers. Near the end of 2021 an NRA Chief Range Safety Officer came on board as a Range A�endant and now cer�fies range staff as NRA RSOs as well as cer�fying volunteers and interested members of the public.

2023/2024 Range improvements will expand the available use of the range not only to the public, but also organiza�ons and instructors who u�lize the facility.

Continued from page 53

neither her family nor their neighbors were informed by the US government about the composi�on of the fallout that they had been inges�ng. Nor were they monitored for adverse health effects.

Meanwhile, the US government did set up an opera�on—the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission—in Japan to monitor the longterm effects of radia�on on survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings, but created no similar commission to study, or even acknowledge, Trinity test survivors.

“No one really wanted to pursue the radia�on possibili�es for fear of ge�ng involved in li�ga�on,” Stafford Warren recalled later

Health problems began to plague Cordova’s family. Two of her great-grandfathers died of stomach cancer, she says, and both her grandmothers developed cancer. Her mother developed mouth cancer, and her father suffered from various cancers, including prostate cancer and tongue cancer. Doctors had to remove part of his tongue and his lymph nodes, she says. The cancer eventually spread to his neck and became inoperable. Cordova says he weighed about 125 pounds at

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BOOK REVIEW Spin the Dawn

by Elizabeth Lim

(only one copy of this book is available through our eBay Seller Account: brlf88310)

Project Runway meets Mulan in this sweeping fantasy about a teenage girl who poses as a boy to compete for the role of imperial tailor and embarks on an impossible journey to sew three magic dresses, from the sun, the moon, and the stars.

Maia Tamarin dreams of becoming the greatest tailor in the land, but as a girl, the best she can hope for is to marry well.

When a royal messenger summons her ailing father, once a tailor of renown, to court, Maia makes the ul�mate sacrifice and poses as a boy to take his place. She knows her life is forfeit if her secret is

Tupszdpoujovftqbhf83

GOD BLESS THE BROKEN ROAD

Joy Quayle, Operations Manager Books Revisited

Bacolod City, Philippines and La Luz, New Mexico are 8,022 miles apart in distance. That is if I traveled straight through mountains, high-ways and the big ocean.

Oh, the stories I can tell on how I made it here.

My journey was about seventeen years in the making crossing four major ci�es in four countries in two con�nents.

2000-2004, from Bacolod City, fresh out of college, I moved to the Philippines’ old capital, Quezon City,to work as an accoun�ng clerk. This small city gal was mesmerized by what the big ci�es had to offer.

Wide-eyed with awe and wonder, I immersed myself into the fast-paced life style. I actually thought I could grow old there.

However, that thought disappeared when I turned 24. Some-thing tugged at my heart telling me, “I got something be�er for you.”

2004-2009, from being a goTupszdpoujovftqbhf84

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his death in 2013 at the age of 71.

Also in the years following the test, Barbara Kent—who had played with fallout along with her fellow campers—began hearing that her fellow campers from that summer had been falling ill. By the �me she reached 30, she recalled in 2021: “I was the only survivor of the girls at that camp,” adding that she herself has had several cancers, including endometrial cancer and “all kinds of skin cancer.”

In 1990, the US Congress passed the Radia�on Exposure Compensa�on Act , providing $50,000 in one-�me compensa�on to each of the nuclear test “downwinders.”

Those who qualified were largely limited to individuals who may have been exposed to radioac�ve fallout in specified areas around the Nevada Test Site, where 100 subsequent above-ground tests were conducted before a moratorium on nuclear tes�ng in 1992. (Following the Trinity test, the United States ul�mately conducted over 1,000 nuclear tests in Nevada, other sites across the country, and in the Marshall Islands

Since RECA’s ini�al passage, more than $2.5 billion has been dispensed to approximately 39,000 nuclear workers and downwinders

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Yet while military and government workers who were “onsite par�cipants” in the Trinity test became eligible for compensa�on when RECA was expanded in 2000, civilian downwinders of the Trinity test were not included as eligible candidates—and remain ineligible to this day.

“Nobody has ever been able to explain to me why … New Mexicans were le� out of the original RECA legisla�on,” says Sen. Ben Ray Lujan (DNew Mexico), who led a successful bipar�san effort to extend RECA in 2022. The legisla�on was due to sunset last July, but was given a twoyear reprieve. “This is an issue of jus�ce—of making New Mexicans whole who played a role in our na�onal security. They paid a price for it—their health, livelihoods, and lives.”

At the �me of wri�ng, Sen. Lujan had just reintroduced legisla�on to extend and strengthen RECA, and include, at long last, Trinity test downwinders. He warns that “With just another year le� of the extension that we passed, the clock is �cking.”

“As I have for over a decade, I’m mee�ng with my colleagues to build support, sharing survivors’ stories, and raising the importance of the federal government doing right by the folks it’s harmed,” he says. “We cannot let this

program expire.”

Cordova says she and other Tularosa downwinders had not even been aware of RECA for years a�er it ini�ally passed. Bewildered by the exclusion of the Trinity downwinders, she and another Tularosa resident, Fred Tyler, founded the Tularosa Basin Downwinders Consor�um in 2005. She and the organiza�on’s other principals have collected hundreds of tes�monies from local downwinders and downwinder descendants, and says that every one of the respondents has described adverse health condi�ons, thyroid issues, and cancers that o�en can result from radia�on exposure.

ACTUAL SIZE

“America poisoned its own ci�zens, and it has been looking the other way,” Cordova says. “They can never say that they didn’t know ahead of �me that radia�on was harmful, or that there was going to be fallout. They were depending on us to be unsophis�cated, uneducated, and unable to stand up for ourselves. And anyone who hears this story and believes that people weren’t harmed, or that it doesn’t ma�er that they were harmed, is complicit if they chose to do nothing and look the other way. Our country has to be be�er than that.”

discovered, but she’ll take that risk to achieve her dream and save her family from ruin.

There's just one catch: Maia is one oftwelvetailors in a cu�hroat compe��on for the job.

Backstabbing and lies run rampant as the tailors compete in challenges to prove their ar�stry and skill. Maia’s task is further complicated when she draws the a�en�on of the court magician, Edan, whose piercing eyes seem to see straight through her disguise.

And nothing could have prepared her for the unthinkable final challenge: to sew three magic gowns for the emperor’s reluctant bride-to-be, fromthe sun, the moon, and the stars.

With this impossible task before her, she embarks on a journey to the far reaches of the kingdom, seeking the sun, the moon, and the stars, and finding more than she ever could have imagined.

Steeped in Chinese culture, sizzling with forbidden romance, and shimmering with magic, this fantasy novel is not to be missed.

ge�er, business-minded person, my eyes were opened to the Important reali�es of life as I entered the medical field as a student nurse.

Taking care of pa�ents as young as new born babies to elderly ones beyond their 90s, I realized how precious life is.

I started to deeply love my new profession and thought to myself, “I can grow old doing this.”

Well, that thought disappeared when I turned 29. Something tugged at my heart in a familiar way, telling me, “I have something be�er for you.”

2009-2014 – soon a�er, I learned about mission opportuni�es for skilled professionals in unreached areas in Southeast Asia, I found myself packing my bags for my first mission trip –

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des�na�on: Banlung, Cambodia.

In my first few days, I have never felt so far away from “home.” It was my first �me leaving the Philippines. I learned how to teach English to people eager to learn it from preschoolers to young professionals. I was in Banlung for six months working alongside the most dedicated missionaries I’d ever met.

Soon, it was �me to get ready for my next des�na�on: Pakse, Laos. There, I se�led in the much slower paced life far away from giant shopping malls and restaurant chains. I enjoyed ge�ng around in a small Honda motorbike.

1

So, there I found myself, looking out at the magnificent Mekong River saying, “I can grow old doing this.” I was establishing rela�onships and building connec�ons – teaching English, organizing medical outreach clinics to far-flung villages – It was challenging but it was fulfilling. But…you guessed it! That s�ll small voice was there again, telling me, “I have

something be�er for you.”

2015-2017 In one sweet day, I was swept off my feet as I got to know a guy from Connec�cut, living in New Mexico. Frequent emails turned to frequent phone calls. Then, I started to feel like I was being shone my future. It was an amazing feeling yet overwhelming as well. So, I just prayed and trusted in the Sovereignty of the Almighty to guide and direct our decisions.

Six months later, John flew to meet me in the Philippines and we got engaged. We had to wait 13 months to get married but it did happen right here, in New Mexico. In a li�le chapel in La Luz, we said our “I dos.”

When I first le� home in 2000, I wouldn’t have thought that 17 years later I would be here. The road surely was broken – life lessons were meant to be learned before ge�ng back on the road again onto the next des�na�on. But, oh, how I thank the LORD that He had His hand on ge�ng me through the ups and downs, triumphs and defeats, joys and sorrows of life – HE is good!

BIRTHSTONE

PERIDOT AUGUST

Peridot is the yellowish green to greenish yellow gem variety of the mineral olivine.

Throughout history, peridot has o�en been confused with other gems such as topaz and emerald. The Red Sea island of Topazios, a purported source of the name “topaz,” actually produced peridot.

The Shrine of the Three Holy Kings in Germany’s Cologne Cathedral is decorated with 200 carats of gems that were believed to be emeralds but are, in fact, the August birthstone peridot.

Some historians speculate that Cleopatra’s famous emerald collec�on may have been comprised of peridot.

The word “peridot” comes from the Arabic faridat,

White

meaning gem. This August birthstone was valued in many ancient and medieval cultures. It appeared in priests’ jewelry as early as the second century BCE and later in the chalices and churches of medieval Europe.

Peridot has been prized since the earliest civiliza�ons for its claimed protec�ve powers to drive away fears and nightmares, according to supers��ons. It is believed by some supers��ous people to carry the gi� of "inner radiance", sharpening the mind and opening it to new levels of awareness and growth, helping one to recognize and realize one’s des�ny and spiritual purpose. Peridot has also been used for centuries as a protec�ve talisman, shielding the owner from evil spirits and “terrors of the night.”

Peridot is the gem given to celebrate a 16th wedding anniversary.

Southwest Pumpkin Lasagna

Ingredients

18 corn tor�llas

1 pound toma�llos

1 large yellow onion

4 jalapeno peppers

1 red bell pepper, diced

3 green onions, thinly sliced

1 can (15 ounces) pumpkin puree

2 teaspoons cumin

2 teaspoons salt

1 tbs cayenne pepper sauce

15 ounces Mexican crema

8 ounces Monterey jack cheese,

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or pepper jack, grated

1 cup pepitas, which are shelled toasted pumpkin seeds

Instruc�ons

Turn on broiler. Slice toma�llos in half across diameter and place cut side up on a baking sheet. Chop onion into six pieces and place on baking sheet. Cut jalapenos in half lengthwise and scoop out seeds and pulp with a spoon, place cut side up on baking sheet. Lightly spray all veggies with oil and then broil for about 5 minutes, un�l lightly browned.

Turn down oven temperature to Bake at 400 degrees.

Pulse broiled veggies in a food processor un�l marble-sized pieces. S�r in the red bell pepper and green onions.

Saute the corn tor�llas in a li�le bu�er or canola oil over medium high heat un�l firm but s�ll bendable, about 20 seconds on each side.

S�r together the pumpkin, crema, cumin, salt, cayenne pepper sauce.

Layer in a 9 by 13 inch pan as follows: a li�le sauce; 6 tor�llas, ⅓ of veggies, cheese, sauce. Repeat twice, making three total layers.

Bake for 20 minutes. Remove from oven and sprinkle on pumpkin seeds. Bake for another 10 minutes. Serve

Sopapilla

Cheesecake Pie

Ingredients

cooking spray

2 (8 ounce) packages cream cheese, so�ened

1 ¾ cups white sugar, divided

1 teaspoon Mexican vanilla extract

2 (8 ounce) cans refrigerated crescent rolls

½ cup bu�er, room temperature

1 teaspoon ground cinnamon

¼ cup honey

Direc�ons

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C).

Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with cooking spray.

Beat cream cheese, 1 cup sugar, and vanilla extract in a bowl un�l smooth.

Unroll crescent roll dough, and use a rolling pin to shape each sheet into a 9x13-inch rectangle. Press one piece into the bo�om of the prepared baking dish. Evenly spread cream cheese mixture on top, then cover with remaining piece of crescent dough.

Mash remaining 3/4 cup sugar, bu�er, and cinnamon with a fork un�l combined. Dot mixture over top of dough.

Bake in the preheated oven un�l crescent dough has puffed and turned golden brown, about 30 minutes.

Remove from the oven and drizzle with honey. Cool completely in the pan for about 2 hours before cu�ng into 12 squares.

PRICKLY PEAR FRIES

Nopales, also known as prickly pear, nopalitos, or cactus paddles, are a centuries-old staple in Mexican cooking.

Once despined, the culinary cac� make a succulent addi�on to soup, tacos, salad, and more. This clever recipe transforms each paddle into crunchy fries that are perfect as a Taco Tuesday appe�zer or game-day snack.

The key to ge�ng them extra crispy is to go through the breading process twice to ensure they’re thoroughly coated.

Story con�nues page 96

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The Dona Ana Doll Club of Las Cruces began June 26, 1994, a�er a group of doll enthusiasts met at a doll making class at Dona Ana Branch Community College. The club is a non-profit organiza�on whose mission is to pursue educa�onal and charitable purposes pertaining to doll collec�ng.

Through the years, the group has held monthly mee�ngs focusing on friendship and learning about doll, teddy bear and toy history.

Members encourage each other in their interests with design workshops, museum and doll show field trips, and showand-tell sharing.

Lessons include history of dolls and toys, construc�on techniques, repair and maintenance, and doll costuming.

Doll and toy collec�ng is an easy hobby to join. An�que and fabric so� sculpture dolls each have unique features and characteris�cs. Doll and toy owners enjoy giving their loved objects special names and crea�ng for them, imagina�ve life stories and personali�es.

Each member of the doll club usually has a focus on certain types or historical periods of dolls and toys. Some members collect and share about an�que dolls from the United States and from European countries such as Story continues page 92

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

France, Germany, Poland, and England. Other members collect modern and vintage dolls such as Barbie dolls, Blythe, Eighteen inch variety, Cupies, designer fashion dolls, so� sculpture, Madam Alexander, Blue�e, and Effenbee.

Teddy bear lovers collect vintage bears from adver�sing, historical events, and foreign countries.

On February 15, 1903, toy store owner and inventor Morris Michtom places two stuffed bears in his shop window, adver�sing them as Teddy bears. Michtom had earlier pe��oned President Theodore Roosevelt for permission to use his nickname, Teddy. The president agreed and, before long, other toy manufacturers began turning out copies of Michtom’s stuffed bears, which soon became a na�onal childhood ins�tu�on.

Reports differ as to the exact

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details of the inspira�on behind the teddy bear, but it is thought that while hun�ng in Mississippi in 1902, Roosevelt came upon an old injured black bear that his guides had �ed to a tree While some reports claim Roosevelt shot the bear out of pity for his suffering, others insist he set the bear free. Poli�cal cartoonists later portrayed the bear as a cub, implying that under the tough, outdoorsy and macho image of Roosevelt lay a much so�er, more sensi�ve interior.

Bean bag toy collectors enjoy a variety of colors, subjects, and styles in a vast array of huggables

During show-and-tell �mes, members show and discuss sewing and yarn techniques for designing and construc�ng costumes for dolls and bears.

The annual doll show has been running for 25 years and is usually held the third Saturday of September. The 2023 show and sale will be held on Saturday, September 16, 2023, in the Sco�sh Rite Temple, 195 East Boutz, Las Cruces.

The admission price of only $2.00 contributes to paying the costs of the event. Children age 10 and under will be admi�ed free. There will be door prizes and a raffle of collec�ble items.

The event will feature vendors showing an�que, vintage and modern dolls, bears and toys.

A�endees will see related

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

94 furniture, clothing and accessories. There may also be a doll and toy appraiser and a doll doctor.

The show will be a family fun event and their will be ac�vi�es for young children. Doll, teddy bear, and toy friends are invited to take a walk through memory lane with us - we look forward to mee�ng you.

Pictured above, is 99 year old Gloria Sanders. She con�nues to a�end all of the Dona Ana Doll Club mee�ngs. She is pictured here relaxing in her favorite chair, holding a doll of hers that has come all the way from Poland.

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Eleven inches tall, with a waterfall of blond hair, Barbie was the first mass-produced toy doll in the United States with adult features. Barbie’s appearance was modeled on a doll named Lilli, based on a German comic strip character. Originally marketed as a racy gag gi� to adult men in tobacco shops, the Lilli doll later became extremely popular with children. Ma�el bought the rights to Lilli and made its own version, which Handler named a�er her daughter, Barbara.

With its sponsorship of the “Mickey Mouse Club” TV program in 1955, Ma�el became one of the first toy companies to broadcast commercials to children.year.

Sales of Barbie-related merchandise soared, topping 1 billion dollars annually by 1993. Since 1959, over one billion dolls in the Barbie family have been sold around the world and Barbie is now a bona fide global icon.

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

Con�nued

from page

INGREDIENTS

2 paddles nopales, cleaned

½ cup unsweetened, unflavored plant-based milk

3 tablespoons arrowroot powder

1 cup whole grain bread crumbs

3 tablespoons nutri�onal yeast

1½ tablespoons flax seed meal

1 tablespoon dried Italian seasoning, crushed

1½ teaspoon garlic powder

1 teaspoon smoked paprika

Sea salt, to taste

Freshly ground black pepper, to taste

INSTRUCTIONS

In a large skillet cook nopales over medium 3 minutes or un�l they begin to so�en slightly and turn bright green.

Turn nopales over; cook 3 minutes more or un�l nopales turn dull olive green and begin to shrink. Transfer to a cu�ng board. When cool enough to handle, slice into ½-inch-wide strips.

Preheat oven to 400°F. Place a wire rack on a large parchmentlined baking sheet.

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See ad page 60 Annual Pumpkin Patch Oct. 21/21 See Page 61

shallow bowls. In the first bowl whisk together milk and arrowroot powder un�l smooth. In the second bowl whisk together the remaining ingredients. Transfer one-fourth of the crumb mixture to the third bowl.

Dunk a nopales strip in milk mixture, then roll in the first bowl of crumb mixture to coat. Place strip on a pla�er. Repeat with the remaining nopales strips.

Repeat the breading process, star�ng with the strips that were coated first and adding the reserved bread crumb mixture as crumbs get soggy.

Arrange coated nopales strips at least 1 inch apart on the rack on the prepared baking sheet.

Bake 20 to 22 minutes or un�l breading starts to brown and fries are crispy.

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

We are Tom and Hillary Floren, and we have five children — Shea, Gabriella, Ka�e, Belle and Presley. What started as a dream for us decades ago was made into a reality, thanks to the hard work of each person in this family. Each of our 3,000 lavender plants was planted by hand, and in case you’re wondering — yes, we talk to them!

We want to keep our babies happy. But let’s start at the beginning: Tom has always had a thing for lavender. He started making his own lo�on and experimen�ng with other products about 20 years ago. A�er losing his job, he decided to sell it at local farmer’s markets, along with other products like sugar scrub, wrinkle cream, and CBD cream. That skincare line, LavendeRx, kept the family afloat and has

See ad page 60 Annual Pumpkin Patch Oct. 21/21 See Page 61

grown into a successful business, with sought-a�er products from our loyal repeat customers.

Our lavender farm in New Mexico is expanding this year, and we have built a beau�ful new barn. We are also plan�ng zinnias, sunflowers and pumpkins for a you-pick event this fall.

Family and good memories is what we’re all about, and that includes the countless hours we’ve spent on this property, mowing, plowing, plan�ng and weeding together. We hope you’ll make good memories with your family when you visit!

Everyone wants pictures in our lavender fields! The lavender fields are of course amazing, typically in bloom in late May and early to mid-June. We welcome family sessions, senior photos, modeling shoots, engagement shoots and more! Book your New Mexico photography session online!

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DISCOVER THE SACRAMENTOS

* Timberon * Pinion * Weed

Cloudcroft * Mayhill * High Rolls Sunspot

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Li�le J Ranch was established in 2017as a Hobby Farm in the beau�ful Sacramento Mountains 7 miles east of Cloudcro�, New Mexico.

Kyle and Ka�e Jones live on the ranch, along with their daughters, Lorelei and Dakota and three dogs: Willow, Juniper and Mistletoe!

When Lola had her first calf on the ranch (Hamish), Ka�e started a Facebook page for him, and it went viral. The Jones Family has been “collec�ng” and rescuing animals ever since, and now have

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

around 60 chickens, 10 ducks, Japanese Coturnix and Bob White Quail, ca�le, goats, pigs, donkeys, rabbits, dogs, cats, geckos and even a miniature horse!

Now, 6 years later, over half of their animals are rescues. People from all over the United States and some�mes even other countries come to visit the residents of Li�le J Ranch. The Jones family and all the animals, love ge�ng visitors. The animals love ge�ng treats, pets and brushing.

For six years, the Jones family has been suppor�ng the animals out of their own pocket and from egg sales but have recently applied for non-profit 501(c)(3) status and will soon be able to accept tax deduc�ble dona�ons from supporters!

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

They are very excited about this new endeavor!

Since applying for the 501(c)(3) status, the family has been busy building new pens and clearing property to get ready for animals who need a loving forever home.

Story continues page 116

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept

The Jones Family all work together to love and care for the residents on the Li�le J Ranch.

1

Lorelei, who is 17 years old, currently works at a local vet clinic and plans to train to be a Registered Vet Tech. She hopes to con�nue to help out more and more on the ranch as she gets this much needed educa�on. Lorelei especially loves the goats and is usually outside building things for them to play on.

Dakota, who is 8 years old, loves bo�le feeding the goat kids and pampering the chickens as much as she can.

Kyle is an excellent builder and has been building rus�c pens and shelters for the animals. He is especially fond of their KuneKune pigs, Chester and Delilah.

Ka�e can almost always be found outside with the animals, cleaning pens, collec�ng eggs or just holding babies!

The family has always had a so� spot in their hearts for animals, especially those in need.

Li�le J Ranch has a Facebook page, facebook.com/ li�lejranch, an Instagram page @li�lejranch and a website www.li�lejranch.org. Follow them and learn about the progress and become a part of the daily lives of the ranch!

You can also donate on their website! The Jones Family appreciates any help that you can give and so do the animals! Please contact us to plan a visit!

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

My name is Lorelei Jones and I am seventeen years old. I’m a published author and illustrator of two books, with several unpublished stories I’ve wri�en over the years as well.

I published my first book called “My Li�le Sunshine” when I was nine years old.

I began wri�ng the first dra� of the book when I was eight and found out that I was going to have a baby sister.

I had been begging for a li�le sister since I was two, and wrote about the excitement leading up to the day I got to hold her in my arms. (Now, I am thinking about wri�ng a book called “Baby Sister for Sale”).

I’ve always found great joy in wri�ng books and wrote my first complete book called “The

Polar Bear Who Didn’t Like The Cold” in kindergarten.

At school I got to enter the wri�ng fair every year, and every year I won a medal.

For my third grade year, the school didn’t enter the wri�ng fair, and I was upset that I wouldn’t be able to write another book in school. So instead, I recreated the li�le book I had made for my sister that was colored with a ball point pen and turned it into an actual children’s book for kids who are expec�ng younger siblings. (Because no ma�er how annoying they may be, some�mes, they are s�ll are truly a blessing.)

I entered the book into the wri�ng fair, and my mom said if I got first place, we could publish my book…. Well guess what? I got the gold medal and here we are today.

I tell you, that really boosted my love for wri�ng.

My family and I moved into another house with two and a half acres of land when I was eleven, and shortly a�er, we started what would become Li�le J Ranch Farm Sanctuary.

When I was thirteen, I decided I had another great story to tell. This �me it was a fic�onal story based on true characters. My second published book is called “Spartan the Highland Story con�nues next page

Nichols Ranch & Orchards

Donkey” and is the story of Spartan, my miniature donkey’s adop�on as told from his perspec�ve. It is also a children’s book and teaches about friendship and learning that it is good to be unique.

I absolutely love including life lessons in my books while making them fun to read!

I had so much fun drawing the pictures for this book as well because I was using watercolor pencils for the first �me, and Sco�sh Highland cows are really interes�ng to draw in cartoon form.

My sister is now nine and would like to write a book with me. We want to create another story about her cat, Je�, who has an interes�ng background. I hope we can start brainstorming for story ideas soon.

* Two antennas met on a roof, fell in love and got married. The ceremony wasn't much, but the recep�on was excellent.

* It was an emo�onal wedding. Even the cake was in �ers.

* Yesterday a clown held the door open for me. It was such a nice jester.

* I went to buy some camouflage trousers the other day, but I couldn't find any.

* I tripped over my girlfriends bra, seemed to be a booby trap.

* A man died today when a pile of books fell on him. He only had his shelf to blame.

* As I suspected, somebody has been added soil to my garden. The plot thickens.

Save the date of October 14, 2023 for the celes�al event of a life�me! An annular eclipse will be seen throughout many parts of New Mexico.

An annular eclipse occurs when the moon is at its furthest point from our planet and passes between the Earth and Sun. This creates an effect of a glowing ring around the moon which is blocking the sun. The sky will darken as if it were dawn or dusk.

Except during the brief total phase of a total solar eclipse, when the Moon completely blocks the Sun’s bright face, it is not safe to look directly at the Sun without specialized eye protec�on for solar viewing.

Viewing any part of the bright Sun through a camera lens, binoculars, or a telescope without a special-purpose solar filter secured over the front of the op�cs will instantly cause severe eye injury.

“Steal your thunder” means to have credit due you go to another, and on first blush it would seem to arrive from earlier man’s pantheis�c mythologies - as a human might steal Zeus’ thunder. But then, those were thunder-bolts.

In fact, it comes from an 18thcentury playwright who discovered that a sheet of �n, wobbled or gonged, produced a sound exactly like rolling thunder. The drama�c effect was great. Unfortunately, his play stunk and was shortly replaced by Macbeth. The producers of that show found a place for the playwright’s greater contribu�on to the stage, promp�ng the poor writer to pen the yip,

“See what rascals they are? They will not run my play and yet they steal my thunder.”

From that single line in what must have been a local story inside a small newspaper, the expression caught on.

Nichols Ranch & Orchards

OUTLAWS CAPTURED

A Band of Desperate Outlaws

Captured by Eddy and Otero County Officers at Parker’s Well

All Noted Characters Throughout the Southwest, Character Notes, etc.,

Sacramento Chief May 5,1899

For some �me past a band of horse and ca�le thieves have been opera�ng over in Lincoln, Chaves and Eddy coun�es.

Of late the officers have been making it so interes�ng for the gang that they have been seeking new pastures. Early last week several head of horses were stolen from near Eddy.

Sheriff Stewart of that county with three depu�es at once took up the trail in pursuit of the thieves. There were five of the thieves and four of the Sheriff's

party. Stewart followed the gang over the Guadalupe mountains, through Crow flats and on towards the Jarilla mountains.

Monday last, Deputy Sheriff Tom Tucker was nearing Turquoise sta�on when he spied five men on horse back just west of the sec�on house.

Tucker started to go to them; when about two hundred yards away the five men drew their guns and told Tucker to come on nearer. Tucker not being armed, retraced his steps, circled around and came into Jarilla sta�on where he telegraphed to Sheriff Curry the situa�on,.

Just before Tucker came up on the five men they had watered their horses at the Turquoise sec�on house and had started on westward across the north end of the Jarilla Mountains.

In about two hours a�er the men had turned Tucker back, Sheriff Stewart and posse rode up to the Turquoise sec�on house. Here they were informed Con�nues next page

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

of the five men having been there and of Tuckers experience.

Stewart pressed on to Jarilla sta�on where he telegraphed to Sheriff Curry and also to Sheriff Garre� at Las Cruses to be on the alert for the five men.

About two miles west of the Jarilla mountains the trail of the fugi�ves was found and was easily followed un�l dark when the Sheriff's party went into camp for the night.

At early dawn the chase was resumed. When near Parker's Lake on the old El Paso and Tularosa wagon road, the Sheriffs party espied their game. It was about eight o'clock in the morning: three of the fugi�ves were ea�ng breakfast, and one was watching the horses at a well

Sheriff Harkey opened fire at long range. The other three men then took up the fight and between officers and fugi�ves there were about fi�y shots exchanged. The fight lasted

about thirty minutes.

The Sheriff's posse had the fugi�ves almost surrounded and were well protected by the surrounding low hills. Seeing that they had been cut off from all their horses but one, and that one having been shot by the officers, the chances for escape was hopeless, and soon a black hat was seen to go up on a s�ck.

This was a signal form the fugi�ves to surrender. They then threw up their hands and in posi�on came up to the officers, while Tucker and Stuart kept them covered all the �me with their guns.

The men were disarmed and were taken to Jarilla Sta�on and from there to Eddy for trial for stealing the horses found in their possession.

The capture is an important one and much credit is due Sheriff Stewaert and his depu�es,also to Mr. Tucker, who so ably assisted him. Our own officer here started out at once upon receipt of the no�ce and had the fugi�ves in any way escaped sheriff Stewart's posse, Sheriff Curry was wai�ng for them near Parkers Well with six depu�es and Garret and four more were wai�ng at the San Augus�ne pass, thus cu�ng off every avenue of escape.

There were five in the party of outlaw at Turquoise, and only four were captured. The officers say that no one escaped a�er

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

surrounded then at Parker Lake. Who the fi�h man is and who he is is the ques�on that is puzzling them.

It is very probable that the five men intended to hold up the E.P. & N. E. express train but were foiled by the appearance of Tucker.

Who are the four men captured? This is a ques�on of much specula�on beyond the ques�on of a reasonable doubt one of the party is Dan Johnson and another is Varley Musgrave, Johnson's brother-in-law.

About ten days before the robbery of the Alamogordo Lumber Company's office at Alamogordo, two of the Sam Simon or "Black Jack" gang from the vicinity of their old stamping ground in Arizona, passed southward north of Casas Grandes, Old Mexico, headed towards El Paso.

They may have passed by here, holding up the company's

office and then going eastward, having been met there by two others, probably by Dan Johnson and Varley Musgrave, who may have mounted the two missing horses, stolen form Stuart's stable and from Perry Kearney at La Luz that evening, expec�ng to try the E.P. and N. E. express train at Turquoise Monday, and work back to Arizona again if successful.

The two uniden�fied may prove to be George Musgrave and Tom Anderson, the two surviving members of the "High Five" or old Black Jacks gang".

George Musgrave, Bob Hayes, and Code Young were all working as cowboys on ranches near Roswell, New Mexico when, a�er a while, the three dri�ed on down the line, taking jobs in southeastern Arizona Territory where they met Black Jack Chris�an and his brother Bob. With all having outlaw inclina�ons, the men soon formed the High Fives Gang, named a�er a popular card game of the �me.

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CARRIZ0Z0 WINS BY AN OVERWHELMING MAJORITY

Carrizozo News 1909

In last Tuesday's elec�on, on the ques�on of the removal of the county seat from Lincoln to Carrizozo, 1513 votes were cast, of which Lincoln received 614 and Carrizozo 899, giving- Carrizozo a majority of 285.

The of official canvass of the vote will be made by the commissioners next Monday; and, as there were only two candidates and li�le room for confusion, it is believed the official count will correspond with the figures given.

The people of White Oaks were the first to send a report of an elec�on held that day, and as they had already spoken had but li�le to say; so they called up central and this was the message they sent: " Tell the boys we're coming, we've quit the county seat below, though 5 wanted to travel the beaten trail, just 65 said “ no; we've traveled that weary trail too long, we're going to Carrizozo."

The next to respond was Nogal,

whose sons are loyal and true, and they never stu�ered as they said: '"We're all for you! with the excep�on of 4 who were enchanted with a distant view; but gently bear with the four who strayed from the fold that day; they wanted to travel the well worn trail, but fi�y-seven said no; “too long have we gone to Lincoln, now we go to Carrizozo."

Then sturdy men are seen: it was not a lengthy message, but the news it conveyed, recompensed for shortness, it said: "only 2 have strayed; these 2 wanted to travel the trail that they had o� travel ed before; yet 135 said no: that trail is too long and tortuous, we'll go to Carrizozo."

Then came the news from Bonito, where fruit and alfalfa grows, where the pure mountain water on its des�ny flows; the people there sent a message, full of comfort and cheer; it told us 15 wanted Lincoln, but 65 said no: the place to market our produce is at Carrizozo."

Ancho and Jicarilla had a word to say, as to the result of an elec�on held in precinct 7 that day; the faithful boys in mountain and on plain lid then duty and did it well, Story con�nues next page

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept

for the work that was done and the ballots cast let the figures tell. Only

14 were wedded to the old Lincoln trail, while 83 said no; "the court house in Lincoln is only a dream we're going to

The report from Oscuro that's precinct15n was late in arriving because of a terrible storm; for you know Oscuro is in the bad lands" and all were prepared for harm: but when at last the returns came in and the lava had ceased to flow, it was found that 65 had voted; but had voted for Carrizozo.

Lincoln had been nivc� something with a rim 'round the outside, which for the sake of euphony we'll call a single O; and the joyful news came silently Carrlzozo-zozo-zo.

There was another precinct busy when the returns were coming in so, it was the "big 14," Carrizozo. The count was long and tedious, the judges called them slow; for they all read Carrizozo but those that read zozo-zo. No. we must confess

Carrizozo."

another error--and it is only from goodness of heart one vote was cast against us we knew that from the start but don't think tor moment that one from Carrizozo came; it was by an outsider, yet it counted Just the same.

S�ll when the vote was counted and 299 were found some said "golly, how they growl" for 298 of them were in favor of Carrizozo.

SUIT AGAINST THE REMOVAL OF THE COUNTY SEAT DISMISSED.

The ci�zens of Lincoln county having by a large majority vote made it apparent that they desire the county seat to be located in the town of Carrizozo, we, the Lincoln Commi�ee, while s�ll believing that the best interests of the people will not be served by such county scat removal, nevertheless we have no desire to further con�nue this fight against the wishes of a majority of the people of the county, hence we have instructed our a�orney to dismiss the suit filed by us to determine the validity of the proceedings had and done to accomplish the result of the county seat removal elec�on, and to test the legality of the law under which said elec�on was held.

Lincoln Tax Payers Commi�ee,

J. J. ARAGON, President.

J. W. LAWS, Secretary.

Lincoln, N. M. August 19, 1909.

The Grand Entering at Gathering of Nations

Rick Kozak

3rd Place

New Mexico Experience

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

Carrizozo Music, Inc. was formed in 2007 as Music in the Parks, an organiza�on dedicated to sponsoring Sunday a�ernoon concerts in the various parks around Carrizozo.

Three or four summer events were always free to provide family-oriented ac�vi�es. In 2009, Elaine Brannen assumed leadership of the organiza�on which con�nued sponsoring summer events.

In 2010, she a�ended a Pia�gorsky Founda�on concert and realized that Carrizozo fit

the profile looked for by the founda�on and that we might quality for a classical concert. An email later, we were included on their next NM tour, which featured two New York musicians who played both a community concert and a school outreach event at Carrizozo Municipal School.

This was a turning point for Music in the Parks as we realized that there was a desire in Lincoln County for live classical music and a need at Carrizozo School for quality music events. We changed the name to Carrizozo Music and became a commi�ee under Carrizozo Works, Inc., a 501c3. This gave us the ability to write grants and solicit taxdeduc�ble dona�ons.

Carrizozo Music con�nued to host summer outdoor events and year-round classical concerts for the community and school. We also sponsored music-oriented workshops for K-6.

In 2016, Carrizozo Music applied for 501c3 status and

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became Carrizozo Music, Inc. We moved away from the summer programs and concentrated on indoor classical and semi-classical events.

An important part of our mission is to support music in the schools with concerts, workshops and projects.

Carrizozo Music Inc. proudly presents JOEL BECKTELL & FRIENDSWednesday, September 6, 2023

Carrizozo Music Inc. proudly presents NOSOTROS - Saturday, September 23

For more informa�on about Carrizozo Music, please visit our website at carrizozomusic.org

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IVYHEYMANN'S WHITEOAKSPOTTERY

There'snothingmorehandmade thanpotteryfromWhiteOaks Pottery.

Thepotterysitsonseveralacresof land,overlookingthePatos Mountainstothesouth,thatI purchasedmanymoonsago.

Itopenedin1986. Ittookthat manyyearsformetobuildthe originalpotterybyhandoutof adobe. Ilivedabovethepotteryand sleptintheupperloftarea.Itwasa slowpayasyougoprocess.

IamtrulytheluckiestpersonI know.Igettoplayinthemudand createthiswonderfullifeinclay.

Theyarefiredtobedurablewith greatstrength.

Mygalleryisopen7daysaweek at445JicarillaRoad,WhiteOaks.

American novelist Emerson Hough was born in Newton, IA, in 1857. A�er gradua�ng from Newton High School in 1875 he a�ended the University of Iowa, a�aining a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1880. He later studied law and was admi�ed to the Iowa bar in 1882, which was also the year in which he had his first work published-an ar�cle in "Forest and Stream" �tled "Far From the Madding Crowd".

Moving to White Oaks, NM, he opened a law prac�ce there and also wrote for the local newspaper, "The Golden Era". He returned to Newton 18 months later due to his mother's illness, where he wrote "The Story of the Outlaw: A Study of the Western Desperado". Among the outlaws and lawmen covered in the book were Pat Garre� and Billy the Kid. When Garre� killed Billy in New

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Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

Mexico, Hough moved back there and struck up a friendship with Garre�.

Hough moved around the country working for various newspapers. In 1899 he was hired as western editor for "Forest and Stream" magazine.

The publisher of that publica�on, George Bird Grinnell, was a noted conserva�onist--he founded the Audubon Society--and Hough was an enthusias�c adherent of that movement.

"Forest and Stream" assigned him to survey Yellowstone Natonal Park in the winter of 1893, providing him with a guide and arranging for a military escort from Fort Yellowstone to accompany them. Hough's survey revealed that, among other things, the park's buffalo herd, which was thought to number close to 1000, was barely 100, mainly

due to poaching. Hough's revela�ons resulted in many eastern newspapers taking up the an�-poaching cause, and in 1894, due largely to Hough's efforts, the US Congress passed a law making poaching in na�onal parks a criminal offense, which up to that �me it wasn't.

Hough and others also lobbied for the crea�on of a na�onal park system, and the Na�onal Park Service was eventually created in 1916.

He had his first novel, "The Mississippi Bubble", published in 1902, which became a bestseller. Many novels followed, all set in the west and fiercely protec�ve of the land and its people, o�en railing against the moneyed interests that wished to exploit them.

To that end he worked on the presiden�al campaign of Theodore Roosevelt in the 1916 elec�ons. During World War I he served as a captain in the US Army's intelligence service.

He died in Evanston, IL, in 1923, shortly a�er seeing the premiere of The Covered Wagon (1923), an epic film based on his 1922 best-selling novel of the same name.

THE LAST DAYS OF THE LINCOLN COUNTY WAR

U.S. President Hayes had deposed Governor Axtell of New Mexico, on account of his appointment George Peppin as sheriff and on charges that Axtell was favoring the Murphy fac�on.

General Lew Wallace was now sent out as Governor of New Mexico, invested with “extraordinary powers.” He needed them. President Hayes had issued a governmental

proclama�on calling upon these desperate figh�ng men to lay down their arms, but it was not certain they would easily be persuaded. It was a long way to Washington and a short way to a six-shooter.

General Wallace found there was no such thing as ge�ng to the bo�om of the Lincoln County War. It would have been necessary to hang the county’s en�re popula�on to execute a formal jus�ce. Almost none of the indictments “stuck,” the cases were dismissed one by one. The thing was too big for the law.

Billy the Kid was the only man ever actually indicted and brought to trial for a killing during the Lincoln County War. Many a resident of Lincoln today declares that the Kid was made a scapegoat.

Many a man even today charges Governor Wallace with bad faith. Governor Wallace met the Kid by appointment at the Ellis House in Lincoln. The Kid came in fully armed, and the old soldier was surprised to Story con�nues next page

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest

see in him a bright-faced and pleasant-talking boy.

In the presence of two witnesses now living, Governor Wallace asked the Kid to come in and lay down his arms and promised to pardon him if he would stand his trial and if he should be convicted in the courts. The Kid declined. “There is no jus�ce for me in the courts of this country now,” said he. “I’ve gone too far.”

And so he went back with his li�le gang of outlaws to meet a drama�c end, a�er further incidents in a singular and blood-stained career.

A big peace talk was made in the town, and it was agreed that, as there was no longer any advantage of a financial nature in keeping up the war, all par�es concerned might as well quit organized figh�ng and engage in individual pillage instead. Murphy & Co. were ruined. Murphy and McSween were both dead.

Chisum could be depended upon to pay some of the debts to the warriors through stolen ca�le, if not through signed checks. Why, then, should good, game men go on killing each other for nothing? This was the argument used.

In this conference, there were, on the Murphy side, Jesse Evans, James Dolan, and Bill Campbell. On the other side were Billy the Kid, Tom O’Folliard, and the game Mexican, Salazar. Each of these men had a .45 Colt at his belt and a cocked Winchester in his hand. At last, however, the six men shook hands. They agreed to end the war. Then, fron�er fashion, they set off for the nearest saloon.

The Las Vegas lawyer, Chapman, happened to cross the street as these desperate figh�ng men, used to killing, now well drunken, came out, all armed, and all swearing friendship.

“Halt, you, there!” cried Bill

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Our Best

Hamburger Ever

Best burger recipe for your summer�me grilling! This juicy burger is jam-packed with all kinds of your favorite ingredients. Serve on a toasted bun with your favorite condiments.

INGREDIENTS

1 ½ pounds lean ground beef

½ onion, finely chopped

½ cup shredded Colby Jack cheese

1 egg

1 (1 ounce) envelope dry onion

soup mix

1 clove garlic, minced

1 tablespoon Rosemary's garlic powder

1 teaspoon soy sauce

1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce

1 teaspoon Rosemary's dried parsley

1 teaspoon Rosemary's dried basil

1 teaspoon Rosemary's dried oregano

½ teaspoon Rosemary's dried rosemary

salt and pepper to taste

DIRECTIONS

Step 1

Preheat an outdoor grill for high heat and lightly oil the grate.

Step 2

Meanwhile, combine ground beef, onion, cheese, egg, onion soup mix, minced garlic, garlic powder, soy sauce, Worcestershire sauce, parsley, basil, oregano, rosemary, salt, and pepper in a large bowl. Use your hands to form the mixture into 4 pa�es.

Step 3

Cook pa�es on the preheated grill un�l no longer pink in the center and the juices run clear, about 4 to 5 minutes per side. An instant-read thermometer inserted into the center should read at least 165 degrees Fahrenheit

Step 4

Serve hot and enjoy!

Everything you need to know About Rosemary

Rosemary is a fragrant evergreen herb na�ve to the Mediterranean. It is used as a culinary condiment, to make bodily perfumes, and for its poten�al health benefits. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae, along with many other herbs, such as oregano, thyme, basil, and lavender.

The herb not only tastes good in culinary dishes, such as rosemary chicken and lamb, but it is also a good source of iron, calcium, and vitamin B-6.

It is typically prepared as a whole dried herb or a dried powdered extract, while teas and liquid extracts are made from fresh or dried leaves.

The herb has been hailed since ancient �mes for its medicinal proper�es. Rosemary was tradi�onally used to help alleviate muscle pain, improve memory, boost the immune and circulatory system, and promote hair growth.

Rosemary is a rich source of an�oxidants and an�inflammatory compounds, which are thought to help boost the immune system and improve blood circula�on.

Studies have shown rosemary to be rich in an�oxidants, which play an important role in neutralizing free radicals.

In Europe, rosemary is o�en used to help treat indiges�on. In fact, Germany’s Commission E has approved rosemary for the treatment of indiges�on. However, it should be noted that there is currently no meaningful scien�fic evidence to support this claim.

According to research outlined in Therapeu�c Advances in PsychopharmacologyTrusted Source, the aroma from rosemary can improve a person’s concentra�on, performance, speed, and accuracy and, to a lesser extent, their mood.

Rosemary may significantly help prevent brain aging.help prevent Alzheimer’s , but more studies are needed.

frompage

Campbell to Chapman, and the la�er paused. “Damn you,” said Campbell to Chapman, “you are the —— of a —— that has come down here to s�r up trouble among us fellows. We’re peaceful. It’s all se�led, and we’re friends now. Now, damn you, just to show you’re peaceable too, you dance.”

“I’m a gentleman,” said Chapman, “and I’ll dance for no ruffian.” An instant later, shot through the heart by Campbell’s sixshooter, as is alleged, he lay dead in the roadway. No one dared disturb his body. He was shot at such close range that some papers in his coat pocket took fire from the powder flash, and his body was par�ally consumed as it lay there in the road.

James Dolan, Billy Ma�hews, and Bill Campbell were indicted and tried for this killing. Dolan and Ma�hews were acqui�ed. In default of a be�er jail, Campbell was kept in the guardhouse at Fort Stanton. One night he disappeared, in company with his guard and

some United States cavalry horses. Since then, nothing has been heard of him.

Billy the Kid did not kill John Chisum, though all the country wondered at that fact. There was a story that he forced Chisum to sign a bill of sale for 800 head of ca�le. He claimed that Chisum owed money to the McSween figh�ng men, to whom he had promised salaries which were never paid. S�ll, no evidence exists that Chisum ever made such a promise, although he some�mes sent a wagonload of supplies to the McSween figh�ng men.

John Chisum died of cancer at Eureka Springs, Missouri on December 26, 1884, and his great holdings as a ca�le king a�erward became somewhat involved. He could once have sold out for $600,000 but later mortgaged his holdings for $250,000. He was concerned in a packing plant at Kansas City, a business into which he was drawn by others, and of which he knew nothing.

Major Murphy died at Santa Fe before the big fight at Lincoln. James Dolan died a few years later and lies buried in the li�le graveyard near the Fritz ranch. Riley, the other member of the firm, went to Colorado and was last heard of at Rocky Ford, where he was prosperous. The heritage of hatred was about all that McSween le� to his widow, who presently married George L. Barber, at Lincoln, and later

Storycon�nuespage164

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The Gladiolus

The gladiolus is a member of the Iris family (Iridaceae) and is na�ve to Africa, the Mediterranean, and southern Europe, with more than 300 species that come in a range of vibrant colors.

Also known as “sword lily,” the gladiolus got its name from the sword-like appearance of its leaves. “Gladiolus” itself comes from the La�n word gladius, meaning “sword.” Roman Gladiators would wear the flowers around their necks in compe��ve games.

The stalks appear in early summer, producing foliage that reaches between 2- to 5-feettall, depending on the variety. The flowers are classified in five categories that indicate size, from large-flowered and miniature.

In mid- to late summer, the trumpet-shaped flowers bloom, opening from the bo�om up. Colors include white, pink, red, purple, and yellow, among many others.

The flower has long been a symbol of strength, victory, healing, and honor. It has also been associated with moral character, remembrance, and intelligence.

In Victorian �mes, roman�cs believed that the beauty of the gladiolus could pierce another’s heart with love. In floral meanings, the flower also came to symbolize infatua�on, love at first sight, and faithfulness.

Each color holds a different meaning: Red symbolizes love, romance, and passion; pink means compassion and a mother’s love; white represents innocence and purity; yellow symbolizes friendship and joy; and purple means fortune and beauty.

In addi�on to being one of the August birth flowers, the gladiolus is tradi�onally given as a gi� for 40th anniversaries.

The gladiolus prefers full sun and rich, loamy, well-drained soil, although it will adapt to most soils. It also requires protec�on from strong winds, which can blow over its tall flower stalks.

Nichols Ranch & Orchards Annual Apple Fest Sept 30/Nov 1

Continued from page 159

proved herself to be a good businesswoman—good enough to make a fortune in the ca�le business from the four hundred head of ca�le John Chisum gave her to se�le a debt he had owed McSween. She a�erward established a fine ranch near Three Rivers, New Mexico.

George Peppin, known as the “Murphy sheriff” by the McSween fac�on, lived out his life on his li�le holding at the edge of Lincoln. He died in 1905.

His rival, John Copeland, died in 1902. The street of Lincoln, one of the bloodiest of its size in the world, is silent. Another genera�on is growing up.

William Brady, Major Brady’s eldest son, and Josephina BradyChavez, a daughter, live in Lincoln; and Bob Brady, another son of the murdered sheriff, was a long jailer at Lincoln jail.

The law has arisen over the ruin wrought by lawlessness. It is noteworthy that, although the law

never punished the par�cipants in this border conflict, the lawlessness was never ended by any vigilante movement. The figh�ng was so desperate and prolonged that it came to be held as warfare and not as murder. There is no doubt that, barring the Kansas-Missouri Border War, this was the greatest of American border wars.

– Special Collections, University of Arizona Library –

This is the earliest known photo of the Lincoln County Courthouse, taken circa 1887. The nearest upstairs window (behind the men) is the room where Billy the Kid was held.

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Lincoln Historic Site is unique in that it manages most of the historical buildings in the community of Lincoln. This most widely visited state monument in New Mexico is part of a community frozen in time—the 1870's and 1880's. The historic site includes 17 structures and outbuildings, 7 of which are open year round and 2 more seasonally as museums. Most of the buildings in the community are representative of the Territorial Style of adobe architecture in the American Southwest.

Lincoln is a town made famous by one of the most violent periods in New Mexico history. Visitors can see the Old Lincoln County Courthouse with exhibits that recount the details of the Lincoln County War and the historic use of the "House" as store, residence, Masonic Lodge,

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courthouse, and jail. Walk in the footsteps of Billy the Kid, Pat Garrett, and other famous and infamous characters of the Wild West.

The Tunstall Store contains displays of the original 19thcentury merchandise in the original shelving and cases.

Walk through history by visiting El Torreón (a defensive tower built by New Mexican settlers in the 1850s), the San Juan Mission Church, Dr. Woods' House, the Montaño store and other historic structures .

TheAnderson-Freeman Visitor's Center & Museum features historical exhibits starting withAmerican Indian prehistory and ending with the Lincoln County War.A22 minute video about the Lincoln County War and the community is shown every half hour.

The 17 structures that comprise Lincoln Historic Site. These historic adobe and stone buildings are preserved as they were in the late 1800s and represent the factions involved in the Lincoln County War, 1878-1881.

Thursday through Monday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.; closed Tuesday and Wednesday

$7 for adults. Free for children 16 years and younger. NM residents with ID admitted free the first Sunday of every month.