Alamodoso Magazine June 2024 Carrizozo Edition

A local Doctor provides truly compassionate care and proven solutions for chronic pain and complicated conditions.

Care root ed in Empathy and Experience

Do you ever wonder what it is that makessome Doctors so incredibly compassionatewhile others have a bedside manner better suited for the DMV?

In the caseof Dr. Janet Quintanilla, DOM,Dipl.OM of SonomaAcupuncture Integrative Health it isa caseof true empathy. "I suffered from cluster migraines in my teens." Cluster migraines are named such for their debilitating pain that is a step above the norm. "I had migraine headaches 3-5 days a week that were so intense I was often bed ridden and would become physically sick."Being that migraineis one of those complicated conditions

A DIFFERENT

not fully understood,Dr. Quintanilla's options were prescription medications that often did not work and to make lifestyle changesto limit triggers that often causemigraine."It was no way to live," she shares"I was young and should've been living a bright vibrant life. Instead I was avoiding long exposure to fluorescent lights and doing my best to prepare for changing weather conditions.

As you can imagine,the summer heat and stormy seasonswere especially rough.

It wasn't until her primary care doctor sent her to an acupuncturist that she found relief.

"Thisis why I often refer to my practice as'The Last Resort With The Best Results.' You've been everywhere else and been given the samedisheartening prognosis,prescribed the same medications and told 'this is just something you're goingto have to learn to live with."

Soon after her incredible experiencewith the healingarts she made the life changing decisionto pursue her doctorate in acupuncture, "acupuncture quite literally savedmy life and I wanted to sharethat with the world," sheproclaims.

Your Golden Years Should Be Golden

While in school she watched as her grandmother beganto suffer from peripheralneuropathy. "Your golden years should be golden, not plagued with insufferable pain while doctors and specialiststell you there is nothing they can do."

Understanding that Eastern Medicine excelswhere Western Medicine fails,Dr. Quintanilla set forth to develop treatment protocols for all variations of Peripheral Neuropathy (including diabetic and chemotherapyinduced) and now has a 90% successrate in treating this once difficult to managecondition.

"[Dr. Quintanilla] is just such a wonderful, unique person. You mention what's bothering you and before you know it, it's gone!"

-B etty,D emingN M

Spiced Bourbon Cherry Pie

Classic Pie Dough

• 2 ½ cups of all-purpose flour

• ½ teaspoon of salt

• 1 cup chilled butter

• ½ cup ice water

Spice Mixture

• ¼ cup flour

• 1tsp allspice

• 1 tsp cinnamon

• ½ tsp nutmeg

• 1 cup turbinado sugar

• 1 orange ( juiced & zested)

• 5 dashes of angostura bitters

Filling

• 3lbs pitted whole cherries

• 4oz Brown Sugar

• 4oz Bourbon Egg Wash

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Egg Wash

• 1 egg + 2 Tbs Heavy Cream ( beaten)

INSTRUCTIONS

For the Classic Pie Dough:

• In a large bowl or food processor combine the flour and salt

• With a fork cut (or if using a food processor Pulse together) the chilled butter with the flour until large butter chunks start to break down into pea-sized pieces.

• Slowly add the water ¼ cup at a time until the mixture starts to come together.

• Remove the dough from the food processor and start to knead it together on a floured work surface to form a neat ball. Wrap in plastic and place in the fridge for 1 hr or overnight.

For the spice mixture :

• In a small bowl combine all of the spice mixture ingredients, mix together thoroughly, and set aside.

For the pie filling

• To a medium saucepan over low/ medium heat, add the cherries, bourbon, and spice mixture.

• Allow mixture to thicken for 8- 10 minutes. The cherries should start to release juices and create a beautiful thick sauce. Do not break the cherries down, allow them to

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keep their shape by gently stirring them around, they should soften slightly.

• You’ll know they are ready when the sauce coats the back of your spoon and is thickened

Assembly

• Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F.

• On a floured surface roll out your chilled pie dough, to fit a 9” pie dish.

• With the remaining

• Crimp the edges of the pie dough, and roll out lattice for the top of the pie as desired.

• With a fork poke the pie dough several times throughout the bottom of the dish before pouring the filling in.

• Pour hot cherry filling straight into the prepared pie crust and top with dough lattice.

• Brush the top of the pie with the Egg Wash mixture and more raw sugar

• Place the pie dish on a baking sheet fitted with foil or parchment paper to catch any potential drippings that may overflow.

• Bake in the center rack of your oven for 55-60 minutes or until the cherry filling and reduced and the pie crust is deep golden and flakey!.

A man walks into an antique store and starts looking around.

Suddenly, he gazes upon the most beautiful bronze statue of a siamese cat. He asks the store owner how much he wants for the statue. The store owner replies "It's $100 for the statue and $1000 for the story that goes with it."

The man replies "I really don't care about the story, but I do want the statue. As the man is paying for the statue, the shop owner says "All right, but I guarantee you will be back for the story."

The man walks out of the shop and starts down the street carrying the cat statue. When he comes to the crosswalk, he happens to glance behind him and sees 3 or 4 cats sitting about 10 feet away, looking at him.

He shrugs it off and crosses when the light changes. He goes several more blocks and, at another crosswalk, looks behind himself again.

This time there are about 30 cats sitting there looking at him. The man starts to get a little

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After the conclusion of World War II, 100 long-range German V-2 rockets that were captured by U.S. military troops were brought to White Sand Proving Ground. Of these, 67 were testfired between 1946 and 1951 from the White Sands V-2 Launching Site.

Alaunch complex, now known as Launch Complex 33, was built in the desert sand dunes six miles east of the post. It featured a concrete blockhouse with 10-foot-thick walls and a 27- foot-thick roof.

AWAC Corporal launch tower was also erected.Ayear later, a gantry was added.

The first rockets crafted by Americans to blast off from the launch complex, the nation’s first large-scale launch facility, were WAC Corporals.

Built by the fledgling Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the 16foot, 660- pound rockets were designed to carry a 25-pound weather package to an altitude of 20 miles. Since the WAC

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Corporal was under-powered, JPL engineers used a solid-fueled rocket booster dubbed “Tiny Tim” to get the rocket out of its launch tower and up to speed. The booster generated 50,000 pounds of thrust for a half second. By the time, the WAC Corporal was out of the 100-foot tower it was going almost 275 mph.

During a series of tests in 1945 and 1946, the WAC Corporal was phenomenally successful, ultimately attaining an altitude of 43 miles.

However, there were incidents. Documents in the New Mexico Museum of Space History archives detail the classified project, and how the military also sent 300 railroad boxcars crammed with V-2 parts into southern New Mexico and as the Germans began building the United StatesArmy's rocket program many early launches either blew up on the pad or crashed on base.

After multiple successful tests

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one with over 100 Newspaper reporters present and news around the world floating of US gaining in rocket research a series of crashes occurred. The first crashed May 15, 1947 in the city ofAlamogordo. The crash occurred on the site of what is now New Mexico State University and the Space Hall of Fame.

After the May 15 disaster, the May 22Alamogordo News reported "the people of Alamogordo got a thrill and incipiently a scare as some sort of body flew over the town in erratic flight and exploded at least once before dropping to earth."

The book "We Develop Missiles, NotAir!" by Mattson and Martyn Tagg, (Air Combat Command, USAF/Cultural Resources Publication No. 2/ June 1995) said the launch took place at 4:08 p.m. from Launch Complex 33.

The liquid fuel was programmed to burn for 63.6 seconds and thrust the 9,827pound rocket to 4,696 feet per second or 3,202 mph, attaining 76 miles in altitude.

However, technicians noted "steering was a trouble from liftoff," and "We Develop Missiles, NotAir!" said the V-2 "began tumbling end over end through the atmosphere.

The pressure broke the missile apart." Pieces fell near 13th Street and CubaAvenue, and along the Southern Pacific Railroad tracks.

TheAlamogordo News reported residents "got into cars Story con�nues next page

and hastened to the vicinity" of the crash above Indian Wells Road, about 35 miles from LC 33. Citizens also "guarded a portion of the apparatus the rocket was carrying" that had plummeted down to First Street.

Bob Callaway, a high school freshman in 1947, said in a 1995 NMMSH oral history that he and a friend were tossing a ball at MichiganAvenue and 15th Street when the power lines "started shaking violently.About that time, we got the sound wave from the explosion of the V-2."

Callaway and four friends rushed to the scene in a truck and watched personnel load wreckage onto a trailer.

He said security permitted them to take non-hazardous material, and they carted off a "bonanza" of wiring and steel tanks. They used the wires to build model airplanes, and the tanks to make "portable welding units," he said.

Callaway knew of one person who found cameras. That night "OSI started knocking on doors, and believe it or not, by midnight had recovered all five cameras," Callaway said.

“RAINDROPS”

Ashort story by Junior Thurman

Finished showering before bedtime, I stepped out into the hallway only to be met by my wife, excited, trying to tell me something, "hold on, I said, let me get my hearing aids, now what's going on?"

"It's raining outside," she said grinning broadly, "You're kidding," I said, rushing for the door, (well, maybe not rushing, I don't rush much anymore, maybe a fast totter),

“Oh my gosh, it is raining, hallelujah, call the kids, see if it's raining at their house, holy smokes, I can't believe it. Break out the bottle, let's have a drink."

Now I know, if you aren’t from West Texas,Arizona, or Southeastern New Mexico, my home state, you probably won't understand the excitement. Our average rainfall in my area of New Mexico is eight to fifteen

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Tom Charles Tours

Those born in July are graced with the radiant ruby as their July birthstone.

The name “ruby” comes from the Latin rubeus, meaning “red,” for pretty obvious reasons.

The July birthstone ruby’s history stretches way back, with lore dating back to ancient times.

The oldest known ruby is a 2.5 billion-year-old specimen from Greenland discovered in 2021. But much of ruby’s early history lies in south and southeastAsia, specifically Burma (now Myanmar) and India.

Rubies were likely mined in Myanmar since 2500 BC, as they’ve been found in the Mogok Valley with StoneAge tools. Records of rubies in Myanmar date back to the 6th centuryAD, and Mogok was the top source of high-quality rubies for around 800 years!

Ancient Burmese practices included warriors putting rubies into their skin for invincibility during battle and the king claiming the biggest rubies as his own.

Ancient Greeks believed rubies could melt wax.An

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Islamic legend claims rubies were created by the first man, Adam, after being exiled from the Garden of Eden.

The July birthstone also has history in India and Hinduism.

The Sanskrit word for ruby was Ratnaraj, meaning “king of precious stones.” Vedic astrologers believed rubies exemplified sun god Surya. Ancient Hindus offered rubies to supreme god Krishna in hopes of being reborn as emperors or kings.

Over the years, rubies have gained quite the spiritual reputation. Some metaphysical nicknames for rubies are:

• Stone of Love

• Stone of Prophecy

• Stone of Protection

• Stone of Passion

• Stone of Manifestation

Arguably the most prominent July birthstone meaning relates to blood.

Ancient societies believed rubies granted courage and invincibility. Others used ruby healing stones for treat-ing blood loss, circulation, and inflammation.

Another belief was that rubies offered protection, worn on the left side to ward off danger. Some extended the birthstone’s protective abilities to preventing relationship troubles.

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inches on a good wet year.

That may seem like a bunch, but, spread that out over a year, 365 days, daily, that comes to ... .....uh........ummmm.....well, not much.

It's been said there's so little rain in Southeastern NM that anyone drenched in rain will pass out and can only be revived by throwing a bucket of sand in their face....Don't know if it's true or not, never ran into anybody who has been drenched with rain in Southeastern New Mexico to my knowledge. Seen a few passed out drenched with alcohol back in my honky-tonk days, but, that’s another story.

I remember my Grandma Thurman, when they first moved here in a covered wagon, from the Texas hill country where rain was more abundant, innocently set out a rain barrel next to a low drainage place on the roof of their house, waiting for the next rain.

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In those days, rainwater was used for many things, I remember Grandma used to always wash her hair with rainwater, and always soaked her beans in rainwater overnight before cooking.

Poor gal didn't know about SE New Mexico, that's been at least 70 years ago, grandma's gone now, and to my knowledge, that rain barrel still ain't full. I think she finally gave up on the rain barrel, and used an old pot to gather rain water for beans and hair washing.

Rain, in our part of the country has always been a cheerful happy event, like Thanksgiving, Christmas, or New Years, a time for celebration, life out on the prairie is often dull, but, we take our fun where we can find it.

I remember as a kid, living in the Sandhills near Loco Hills, New Mexico, ha, I can hear you now, I know what you're thinking,

“Loco Hills, that explains a lot," but, sad to say, my wife never lived there so we can't

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blame that for her weird behavior, anyway, we lived several miles from the nearest well traveled road, and on rainy mornings, the school bus unfortunately couldn't make it to our place, turning a dreary morning into a happy playday for us kids. Our parents, possibly hardened by the rough life on the prairie didn't appear to share our enthusiasm and joy.

Back in the old days, I knew several old timers, who had lived in New Mexico all their lives who seldom changed, washed their clothes or took baths, "saving on water" they said. Mom, looking out the window, would see em coming down the road, and holler,

“Oh my Lord, here comes ole Mr. Mohaffman, throw open the windows, quick!" We all learned to stay upwind of those old timers. My sister, not a tactful kid, once asked Mr. Mohaffman, "don't you ever take a bath?"

"What", Mr. Mohaffman said, "Dang, I just took one, let's see, what month is it? Hmm, when was the last time it rained? I know it ain't been that long ago. Good gosh almighty, gal."

What Is Huitlacoche

Corn smut, fungus, Mexican truffle, or Mexican caviar — these are just a few aliases of huitlacoche. But what exactly is this soft, spreadable, darkas-night ingredient? In simple terms, it's a parasitic plant disease that grows on ears of corn, around the kernels, in puffy gray clouds resembling river stones.

Huitlacoche quesadillas and tamales are traditional favorites in Mexico. Perhaps unsurprisingly, given its origins, huitlacoche pairs naturally with corn tortillas. It also shines deliciously as a filling for beef, chicken, pork, and seafood options like fish Nichols Ranch 5th Annual Cherry Festival Fathers’ Day Weekend

What Is Huitlacoche

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and scallops. It lends its distinctively earthy aroma and exquisite truffle-like flavor to many soups and sauces, including in its dehydrated form in the Tlaxcalan specialty, mole prieto.

Huitlacoche is also prized for its nutritional qualities;it's rich in dietary fiber, and contains almost all essential amino acids. It is also rich in B complex vitamins and minerals such as magnesium and phosphorus.

The name huitlacoche is derived from Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, which is still spoken by more than a million people in Mexico today. The use of this ingredient also dates back to this time. Corn, or maize, was a staple in the Aztecs' diet, and they primarily used the corn fungus in tamales and stews.

The name huitlacoche is derived from Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, which is still spoken by more than a million people in Mexico today. The use of this ingredient also dates back to this time. Corn, or maize, was a staple in the Aztecs' diet, and they primarily used the corn fungus in tamales and stews.

The Native American Hopi and Zuni tribes also worked with huitlacoche from the outset. The former called the fungus "nanha," while the latter held the ingredient in such high regard that they believed it symbolized the generation of life. In fact, huitlacoche has been an important food for the indigenous peoples of the Southwest for centuries,

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serving ceremonial, culinary, and medicinal purposes.

huitlacoche harvests coincide with the corn season in Mexico. However, instead of harvesting it when the ears of corn are ripe and ready, it is gathered whenever it appears, which typically occurs during the rainy months. This gives the fungus a specific window of seasonality, peaking between July and September. Nonetheless, certain weather factors, in addition to rain, are necessary for huitlacoche to thrive. For instance, the temperature and humidity must be within specific ranges (68 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit for temperature, and 77% to 80% for humidity).

Huitlacoche is known for having a potent earthy taste, so it's no wonder it is a beloved ingredient in Central American cuisine. It is also a bit nutty in flavor and some would say it tastes similar to mushrooms. However, considering it is a fungus, this isn't very surprising. Huitlacoche also features woody, smoky, savory elements paired with a touch of sweetness. Many people taste a bit of corn, which, again, is not a shock since it grows straight on the cobs and stalks. The final flavor descriptor for huitlacoche is inky. While inky isn't normally a word used to depict taste it evokes images of squid ink pasta, which is packed with umami goodness.

Aside from being super tasty, huitlacoche is also praised for its nutritional value. It is a rich source of protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, according to the National Library of Medicine. While all of these elements are valuable

nutritionally, fatty acids in particular pose a wide range of health benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids are great for heart and brain health, decreasing inflammation, and much, much more.

Aside from being super tasty, huitlacoche is also praised for its nutritional value. It is a rich source of protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, according to the National Library of Medicine. While all of these elements are valuable nutritionally, fatty acids in particular pose a wide range of health benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids are great for heart and brain health, decreasing inflammation, and much, much more.

Mary Armstrong is a multi-talented individual whose life journey has taken her around the world and careers in landscape architecture and golf course design.

Early in her career, she was honored to plan the nation’s first National Environmental Center in Philadelphia. In 1990 she established her own golf design firm and in 2014, was recognized by Green Planet Architects for her environmentally sensitive golf course design. She was also recognized by a leading golf magazine as one of the world’s top female golf architects.

Late in the first decade of this century, Mary recognized a decline in the golf industry due to overbuilding in the previous several decades.

This resulted in some idle time, allowing her to rekindle her passion for writing from her teenage years. The many years of writing technical documents required a

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transition in style.

Mary’s journey into a more creative writing style began with a weekly golf column for the Las Cruces Sun-News in 2010. This opportunity allowed her to tap into her creative side and share her deep expertise in the world of golf with a broader audience. It marked a pivotal moment in her transition from a career in design to a flourishing pursuit of creative writing and earned her a devoted following.

Mary’s move to Las Cruces in 2010 ignited her curiosity about the region’s rich history, particularly the unsolved murders of Colonel Albert J. Fountain and his young son, Henry. Her dedication to historical accuracy and storytelling led her to delve deeply into this subject, consuming any available information and seeking to understand the historical events surrounding this tragic incident. Mary Story continues next page

believes the history of a place reveals its essence.

Her immersion in the history of Las Cruces and the Fountain murders became the foundation of her creative journey into writing and storytelling.

The first notable outcome of this exploration was the creation of a play titled “It is Blood,” which delved into the historical events surrounding the murders, aiming to capture the essence of the time and place in which they occurred.

This play was recognized when it was selected for per-formance at the Las Cruces Community Theater’s One-Act Festival in 2017. This event seemed to signal that Mary had found her niche in storytelling, historical research, and creative expression.

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murders differed from many other authors, as she was more interested in understanding the circumstances that led to the tragic event rather than attempting to solve the murders themselves. This deepened her desire to write about the event, culminating in her award-winning debut novel, “The Mesilla,” the first in a five-book series covering the ten years leading to the Fountain murders.

Through her novels, Mary sought to bring to life the historical backdrop, characters, and tensions that led to the unforgettable events of February 1, 1896.

Her commitment to historical accuracy and storytelling resulted in gripping and immersive narratives that shed light on the complex dynamics of the time, while revealing the Story continues next page

similarity of those days to our current political climate.

Mary’s The Two Valleys Saga is an ambitious fivevolume project that places the Fountain murders within a broader historical context.

Her goal is not just to recount the events themselves but to delve deep into the underlying reasons and historical characters behind the conflicts involving Colonel Albert J. Fountain, the residents of the Tularosa Basin, and Albert Fall.

She draws upon scholarly research and period newspapers to provide an authentic feel for the era and the events that unfolded. It took her many years to decide on the best approach to convey this story.

In 2020, she decided that a fictional nephew, unacquainted with the

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Colonel, was the best vessel to share a relatively impartial observation of all that leads to that fateful day. This fictional character ‘reads law’ with the Colonel and becomes involved with all the other major historical figures.

Through her writing, Mary explores complex themes such as tribalism and the human condition. She delves into the motivations, rivalries, and cultural dynamics that shaped these historical events. She also demonstrates how the consequences of these events continue to reverberate through the relationships between the two valleys in the present day.

Mary’s work serves as a valuable resource for those interested in understanding the rich history of the region.

By shedding light on enduring tensions and complexities, she provides readers with deep insights into the past and how it continues to influence the present. Her dedication to preserving and sharing the history of Las Cruces and the Fountain murders enriches the cultural and historical landscape of the region.

Born in Texas, Oliver Lee remained defined by many facets of this upbringing, including his political affiliation, that being a Texas democrat.

These facts put him at odds with the local New Mexico power brokers, who were republican and the majority political party in the area. These Republicans were an extension of the Santa Fe Ring, a secret coalition of lawmakers determined to control public offices in the New Mexico Territory

For the first several years Lee, and his half-brother Perry Altman, worked on local ranches to save up their money and in 1893 purchased land in Dog Canyon. The area was an ideal spot for a ranch as it was a steep, narrow canyon with a flowing stream.

Lee first began his ranching

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operation, primarily raising horses before adding cattle. He soon became famous for his abilities as a marksman and a cattleman in southern New Mexico. His entrepreneur skills, already sharp at the age of 22, he organizes the Sacramento Cattle Company in the southern part of the Tularosa Basin.

With his growing success he soon builds an extensive house at his ranch headquarters. Oliver Lee in conjunction with a nearby resident, Frenchy, explored ways to bring water into the dry Tularosa Basin and jointly they created a concrete and earthen causeway redirecting water out of the canyon and into large holding tanks near Lee’s ranch house.

In addition to establishing the Sacramento Cattle Company is he is credited with being instrumental in establishing the

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town ofAlamogordo, as well as for using his influence to attract the railroad into the area.

He also secured appointments as a deputy sheriff and as a U.S. Deputy Marshal, but he increasingly comes under suspicion for various serious malfeasances.

Though all appeared to be working in Lee’s favor, the ambitious young man naturally finds himself in a conflict with a major local rancher named John Good, one of the Republican powerbrokers.

As the story goes, Oliver Lee sent one of his ranch hands and good friend, George McDonald, into Dog Canyon to round up some stray cattle…George never returned. His body was later found shot dead in the canyon. Lee procured one of the bullets that ended his friend’s life and carried it on a watch chain thereafter.

Lee believed that John Good’s son Walter killed his ranch hand. In mid-August 1888, Oliver Lee and three other men jumped and captured Walter Good, shot him twice in the head with his own pistol and left the body in the desert.

Naturally Lee's view on fair play ethics did not sit well with the local powerbrokers, who were at the timeAlbert Fountain, John Good and others.

This event set the stage for the final conflict between Albert Jennings Fountain and Oliver Lee. Oliver Lee sells some cattle pelts and there are

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two brands on the hides, one being Oliver Lee’s and another from another rancher.

At the end of January 1896, ColonelAlbert Jennings Fountain travels to Lincoln, New Mexico to secure indictments against several men, including Oliver Lee and William McNew for the charge of cattle rustling.

Prior to departing, Colonel Fountain’s wife has a premonition that he will be harmed on this trip, she tells him to bring their 8-year old son, Henry, as no one would harm a boy.

Fountain leaves Lincoln, New Mexico, with his son Henry and heads southwest on a three-day trip toward their home in Mesilla. It is reported that prior to leaving Lincoln, Colonel Fountain discovers a note in coat pocket, the note says, “Loose this and we’ll be friends, don’t and you won’t reach home”.Albert, feeling he is safe with his son beside him continues his journey.

Albert Fountain and his son Henry spent the first night of their return trip in the home of Joseph Blazer, as a guest. Blazer ran a lumber mill situated within the Mescalero Apache reservation.

After leaving Blazer’s Mill, Fountain ran into a mail carrier who informed him he was being followed by two horsemen. The men were never near enough to recognize, and Albert continued his trip home. He and Henry spent their last night on Earth in La Luz, at the home of David Sutherland. David Sutherland tried to

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encourageAlbert to stay with him longer, so he could retrieve the sheriff.At this time Henry was starting to feel ill andAlbert wanted to get Henry home quickly, thus he rejected his friend’s recommendation.

The following day they left La Luz and passed through Tularosa before starting the long stretch to Las Cruces. They now have three horsemen following them. BothAlbert and Henry are killed, and the three men ride off in different directions. WhenAlbert was late returning home a search party was sent out.

Fountain’s buckboard left the road just past Chalk Hill where the road cuts through and the banks are high.Apool of blood was found where the buckboard carrying the father and son left the road. Today a historical marker stands just west of Chalk Hill. The old wagon road is inaccessible as it is part of the White Sands Missile Range.

Albert’s body was found and within his coat pocket is the note he ignored in Lincoln. Gathering up a posse, the men quickly find the tracks of the three riders, they soon split up and two horses head towards Oliver Lee’s ranch. The evidence pointed to three men: former deputy William McNew, James Gilliland, and Oliver Lee.

The posse splits, one following the trail to William McNew’s ranch, the other follows the trail straight to Oliver Lees ranch. Here they run into a herd of cattle that are being moved across the exact path

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that the two horse men were following, thus destroying the trail, and foiling the pursuit.

The Fountains’murder caused outrage in New Mexico. The sheriff, whose deputies were the prime suspects, was useless.

To top it off, his right to the office was being challenged in the courts due to charges of election fraud. Governor William T. Thornton took quick action. He worked to resolve the sheriff’s contest and then appointed a new sheriff, Pat Garrett. Garrett gained fame 15 years earlier as the man who killed Billy the Kid. He had cleaned up a bad situation before and the governor hoped he could do it once again.

Thornton then called on the Pinkerton National Detective Agency to assign a professional Story continues next page

investigator to assist Garrett. The Pinkertons put top operative John Fraser, on the case.

Fraser began undercover but eventually brought his investigation out in the open and interviewed anyone with knowledge of the case. Fraser and Garrett did not always get along but managed to work together for the common goal.

The evidence pointed to three men: former deputy William McNew, James Gilliland, who was Lee’s top ranch hand, and Oliver Lee. The problem was that these three men were very close with powerful ex-judge, lawyer, and politicianAlbert B. Fall.

Pat Garrett was aware of Oliver Lee prowess with a gun and wanted no direct conflict with the man. In addition, Garrett believed that he would never get a fair showing with Fall in control of the courts.

As a result, Garrett waited two full years for a change in the political landscape before presenting his evidence to the court and securing indictments against the suspects.

McNew was quickly arrested after indictments were secured. Lee and Gilliland, however, were a different story. Lee claimed that Garrett only wanted a chance to kill him, with a warrant for the murder of Fountain as an excuse.

Supposedly during this time frame Lee was in town and playing an extended game of poker, Garrett walked in and sat down at the same table as Lee. Nothing happened and the men

quickly transitioned to playing cards. Garrett was also quite a fan of the game poker. Apparently, someone announced they’d heard that someone at that poker table had a warrant out for their arrest and they also understood that the person who had the warrant was also at the table. Lee put his hand down, announced to the room that if someone wanted to arrest him, he’d be waiting in the street for them to come out. Garrett did not leave the table and Lee returned to his ranch.

He and Gilliland remained at his farm thereafter. Garrett finally tracked down Lee at one of his ranches. On July 13, 1898, Garrett approached Lee’s ranch at night, hoping to take him by surprise and avoid a direct armed conflict with Lee.

It was a hot summer night, Lee and Gilliland were sleeping on the roof. One of Garrett’s deputies climbed a latter to the roof and began shooting. Lee

and Gilliland returned fire, quickly getting the best of the sheriff and his posse.

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ensuing gun battle. One of Garrett’s deputies, the man who climbed the ladder, was seriously injured, and would eventually die. It is said that Lee continued to fire rounds into the water tower, drenching Garrett. Lee is reported to have told, Garrett you can stay there and drown, or you can grab your injured man and retreat. Garrett chose to retreat.

Lee and Gilliland would finally surrender months later, under the condition that they would never be in the custody of Sheriff Garrett. This too was worked out by Lee’s friend and associateAlbert Fall when he convinced then democrat governor to divide the state into two territories, a new one to be named after the governor of course, and this new territory was where Lee would surrender to the now friendly sheriff.

Despite the fact that everyone in the territory was certain Oliver Lee was responsible, the evidence against Lee was circumstantial. Three years after the murder reporters from national newspapers covered the sensa-tional trial in the little mining town of Hillsboro, New Mexico.

After an 18-day trial with 75 witnesses, the jury determined that the men were innocent. Some witnesses went missing, and the defendants’armed supporters, who packed the courtroom, intimidated others. Not surprisingly a verdict of “not guilty” was found. Lee, Gilliland, McNew, their attorneys, and many supporters celebrated well into the night.

Lee returned to tending his Dog Canyon Ranch. In 1914, he sold out to a group of businessmen but stayed on as manager. Later, he was twice elected to the state

legislature, first as a representative and later as a senator. He served as an officer and director of numerous business organizations until his death in 1941 of a stroke.

As a parting point of emphasis to his life’s story, when the park service examined his ranch house during restoration, they found a trap door in his bedroom. The hidden door led to a tunnel down into an underground passage that exited some distance away from the house. Of note, they found six sticks of dynamite with a cord still attached! The belief is that should he need to escape he’d drop down into the tunnel and blow up his assailants and exit safely at the end of his escape passage.

In July 2024, individuals born under the Cancer zodiac sign will find themselves focused on their home and family matters. There will be a strong inclination towards engaging in home renovation projects during this time. Cancers will take it upon themselves to handle these tasks, from the initial design phase to the actual plastering and finishing work. Trusting their own capabilities, Cancers may feel that they are the most reliable individuals to ensure that the work is carried out according to their personal preferences.

However, it is important to note that property division or inheritance issues may arise during this period, which could potentially cause significant stress for Cancers. They will exhibit assertiveness and a strong determination not to lose anything in these matters. Unfortunately, this may lead to conflicts and strained relationships with close relatives. There is a possibility that the trust between Cancers and their family members may be eroded, resulting in costly consequences. In such a situation, it is challenging to suggest a definite method to achieve balance,

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unless Cancers become more mindful of not imposing their own way too openly.

In July, Cancers will have a strong desire for solitude and prefer to be in a comfortable environment, preferably at home. However, due to various reasons, most Cancers may have to settle for staying in hotels during this period. Nonetheless, even in more affordable options, they will specifically choose accommodations that exude coziness and fulfill their requirements. It is essential for Cancers to prioritize rest during this time and not overlook their personal wishes in this regard.

Turning towards financial matters, Cancers can expect to receive their income for the middle of the summer in the first half of July. However, towards the end of the month, they will need to focus on balancing their accounts. This period will witness the birth of bold plans and schemes aimed at achieving a positive financial balance. Nevertheless, it is advisable for Cancers to postpone the implementation of these schemes for the time being.

Overall, July 2024 will be a month where Cancer individuals will be occupied with their home and family affairs. While they exhibit their self-reliance in handling home renovation projects, they should also aim to navigate property division or inheritance issues with more sensitivity. Prioritizing their own comfort and rest, even in temporary accommodations, will be important for their well-being. Additionally, Cancers should be cautious with their financial decisions and consider delaying any major financial endeavors until a later time.

Many women love the flowers of their birth month. In June, two beautiful flowers stand out. They are the rose and Honeysuckle.

The rose, often called the ‘Queen of Flowers’, carries profound symbolism and meanings. Known for its stunning beauty and fragrant scent, the rose has a long history that spans cultures worldwide.

The various colors of roses express different sentiments: red symbolizes love and passion; white indicates purity; pink conveys joy, gratitude, and admiration; and yellow is associated with friendship.

Abouquet of roses in June signifies a birthday celebration and extends serene messages through their color language. These iconic flowers are available in over 300 species –from garden classics to exotic climbers – offering an array of choices for gifting or decorating purposes during this month.

Roses have deep meanings. They stand for love, understanding, pure thoughts, and

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inner beauty.Apink rose shows thanks and joy.An orange one tells about boldness and thrill.A red rose with a white one tells of the union.

The Romans used roses to talk about life’s start and end. Roses were planted at burial places.

Known for its sweet fragrance, the Honeysuckle is a favorite among many. This enchanting flower offers an aromatic treat and carries rich symbolism and history. The Honeysuckle exudes warmth, generosity, and strong bonds of love

Honeysuckle flowers are true symbols of love and good luck. They have a sweet smell that people like a lot. This flower stands for pure joy, innocence, and the sweetness of life. It is also seen as a sign of happiness.

People started to use Honeysuckle in gardens long ago because it looks pretty and smells good. The Victorians thought Honeysuckle meant unity in love. People often use honeysuckle flowers to show different feelings because they mean so much when given as gifts.

1-Abigail, Oliver, Rosa, and Blake all attend the same summer camp, where they can cook, kayak, rock climb, and zip-line. Each child has a different favourite activity.

Abigail’s favourite activity isn’t rock climbing.

Oliver is afraid of heights. Rosa can’t do her favourite activity without a harness.

Blake likes to keep his feet on the ground at all times.

Can you figure out who likes what?

2-Each of five neighbourhood dogs (Saber, Ginger, Nutmeg, Pepper, and Bear) is enjoying one of the following activities: getting its ears scratched, playing catch, taking a nap, burying a chew toy, and going for a walk.

Pepper is either playing catch or burying a chew toy.

Neither Ginger nor Saber nor Bear is on a walk.

Are you interested in helping to improve the Shooting Range?

The FOLLR mission is to support the Sidney Paul Gordon Shooting Range.

Attend the monthly FOLLR meeting at 6:15 PM the 2nd Wednesday of each month.

We meet in the classroom at the SPG Range.

Visit the FOLLR.org website for information about upcoming events, range improvements, local gun and knife shows, firearm and archery classes.

Friends

La Luz Range

One of the dogs named after a spice is getting its ears scratched.

Adog not named for a spice is playing catch.

Bear is getting some exercise.

Can you figure out what each pooch is doing?

3-Five friends (Allegra, Ben, Clara, Flora, and Zach) are each allergic to something different: pollen, shellfish, bee stings, cats, or nuts.

Allegra has a food allergy

Ben can play with his kitten for hours without issue (or medicine).

Clara’s allergy is not related to animals.

Flora has seasonal allergies.

Can you figure out who is allergic to what?

4- You’ve been invited to a party at Charlie’s house, but you’ve never been there. He has seven friends who live nearby. They’ve given you a map showing all of their houses and Charlie’s house, along with the following information:

Daniel: I can’t see Benita’s house, because Greta’s house is in the way.

Adam: I live directly (not diagonally) across the street from Daniel.

Benita: Elena lives due west of me.

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Continued from page 55

Elena: I have to cross three streets to walk to Franco’s house.

Hal: I live east of Benita.

Can you figure out which house is Charlie’s?

5-Four playing cards, one of each suit, lie face down on a table. They are a three, a four, a five, and a six.

The cards on either side of the four are black.

The club is to the right of the three but not next to it.

The spade is to the left of the heart.

The middle two cards add up to an even number. Neither of them is a club.

Can you determine the cards’ suits and their order?

6-Ajoint Father’s Day and graduation party is being thrown for Michael, Ken, James,Alberto, Elias, and Stephanie. Three of them are

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ANSWERS

1

Abigail likes to zip-line, Oliver likes to kayak, Rosa likes to rock climb, and Blake likes to cook.

2

Saber is taking a nap, Ginger is getting her ears scratched, Nutmeg is going for a walk, Pepper is burying a chew toy, and Bear is playing catch.

3

Allegra is allergic to shellfish, Ben to bee stings, Clara to nuts, Flora to pollen, and Zach to cats.

4

House E.

5

From left to right: Three of diamonds, six of spades, four of hearts, five of clubs.

6

Alberto is Elias’dad, Ken is Stephanie’s dad, and Michael is James’dad.

A Brief History of Picture Frames

Recipe courtesy of Nichols Ranch, La Luz

Nowadays, picture frames are used merely to “frame” beautiful pieces of art, photography, archival documents and treasured mementos. However, when they were first developed, frames were included in the art and even considered a piece of art themselves.

In fact, according to “ASurvey of Frame History” in Picture Framing Magazine, historically “more attention was paid to making frames fit into an architectural setting” rather than the frames being created to “complement the paintings they surrounded.”

Quite a big difference exists between the use of frames in the past and the way we use frames today. Here’s a quick look at the history of picture frames, including when they were first made, what they were made out of and where they were first developed.

Frames for pictures as a concept have been around since the times of the ancient Egyptians and the Greeks, where “framing borders” were used in paintings on pottery and walls to create sections of scenes. One of the earliest physical frames dates back toAD 50-70; the wooden frame and the portrait within was found in an Egyptian tomb and was almost perfectly preserved.

The twelfth and thirteenth centuries brought about the hand-carved, wooden frames that we recognize today. These frames were used as part of a church’s decor, and provided borders to separate the different paintings and sections within the sanctuary—much like the concept of framing borders introduced centuries earlier.

Frames used within homes were only introduced after the “mobile frame” movement, according to “ASurvey of Frame History.” Originally, artwork was made frame first—in other words, the area in which the artwork was to be painted was demarcated by the carved frame, and the artwork was later added; these pieces were largely immobile, as they were generally part of a church’s structure.

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When people began to realize that there were more individuals interested in art outside of the church, these “moveable, independent painted units” became more common and new framing methods were developed.

the oldest discovered frame seems to have come from Egypt, as stated above. The development of free-standing mobile pieces—similar to frames as we know them today—began in Europe; these pieces were mainly used in churches, until displaying artwork in private homes became fashionable.

The frame found in Egypt was made out of wood, and the practice of using wood has continued up to l today. In the 16th century, frames were made out of oak, until pine became popular in the 17th century because it was lighter and easier to work with. It was fairly time consuming to carve the intricate details and patterns that were expected in frames then, so the frame makers had to devise another way. This is why papier-mâché was first used in the 17th century, which allowed for a more decorative look by simply pressing patterns onto the frame.

Larger framed pieces that would be included on a church altar were made out of heavier wood. The frame was not only used for decoration, but as structural supports, because these frames were “made from several pieces of wood glued together,” according to “ASurvey of Frame History.” During the Renaissance, particular care was taken in regards to wood choice, such as poplar, walnut, linden, chestnut, or elm, for frames, especially regarding their purposes—structural or decorative.

Additionally, when framing portraits of monarchs and other noble individuals, the types of frames and the materials used in the Renaissance were directly related to their wealth and power. In other words, the more bling and detail you had on your framed portrait, the more powerful and respected you were. These noble frames were typically made with walnut, ebony, tortoiseshell, ivory inlay, and other expensive materials.

A 8,200-Year-Old Campsite

by Vittoria Benzine

Two researchers stumbled upon an 8,200-year-old campsite formerly covered by sand dunes at the HollomanAir Force Base just outside ofAlamogordo

While driving past the side of a roadcut, the geomorphologists from the University ofArizona noticed “an unusual rock sticking out.” Upon closer inspection, the duo realized the rock might be an artifact, and contacted Matthew Cuba, the 49th Civil Engineer Squadron cultural resource manager. Cuba and his team unearthed “a significant and wellpreserved site” over six feet beneath the earth.

“The formation of the white sand dunes inadvertently buried the site, with windblown silt protecting the delicate archaeological remains,” Cuba states that “This site marks a pivotal moment in shedding light on the area’s history and its early inhabitants.”

Matthew Cuba, 49th Civil Engineer Squadron cultural resource manager, brushes off the remnants of a Paleo-Archaic hearthphoto byAirman 1st Class Isaiah Pedrazzini

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His team found some 70 artifacts scattered there, from flake stones to an early groundstone and the mesquite charcoal remnants of a campfire carbon dated to the Paleo-Archaic era, as earth exited the glacial Pleistocene Epoch and entered the Holocene

The base’s release purports that over 400 archaeological finds have been made within its bounds, adjacent to White Sands National Park. This latest discovery, however, now ranks amongst the oldest in the Tularosa Basin - The ancient campsite is even older than White Sands’gypsum dunes, which formed an estimated 6,500 to 7,000 years ago.

While the site is formally titled LA202921, tradition on the base dictates that whoever discovers a historically significant site gets to decide its colloquial name. The sleuths behind this find titled it Gomolak Overlook, in homage to the base’s retired cultural resource manager asit would be fitting to name the site after him because of the many years he dedicated himself to protecting cultural resources here.

The base benefits these grounds in the sense that they care for all artifacts discovered throughout, rather than leaving them to the moral compass of tourists who might find relics by accident.

These artifacts in particular will head off to a facility in Fort Bliss in Texas, “where they will be made available to researchers,” the base’s spokesperson said.

HEROES

BEHIND THE SCENES

by Joy Quayle, Marketing Manager, Books Revisited

Isn’t it true that much of the success of any organization or business is done by its team who work away from the spot light? Books Revisited is beyond grateful to have a good number of such individuals in our team as volunteers-willing to spare a few hours of their precious time to come and work in the bookstore regularly throughout the week.

They do so much of the vital work oftentimes unseen by many but their contribution is what propels us on day after day.

If you haven’t volunteered with us and are curious about it, you may ask, what do the volun-teersat Books Revisited actually do?

Sort Books - Our volunteers work tirelessly to sort through each and every book donated to us daily (including some holidays). We are thankful for supportive members of our community who think about us when they realize they have a little bit too many books at home or just want to clear out a portion of their personal home libraries.

Our volunteers sort these books and place them in boxes to classify them all according to the genres we have available in the bookstore:

Fiction, Non-Fiction, Western, Children’s, Home and Gardening, Health and Fitness, Travel, Biography, Political Science, Literature, etc.

Shelve Books - As books are classified accordingly, our volunteers take those inside the bookstore to place those books in the shelves alphabetically by authors’ names. They make sure that the shelves are wellstocked week after week.

We sure are thankful for those who come to sort and shelve books for an hour or more each week or whenever they can.

Serve as Customer Service Representatives (CSRs) - Books Revisited is likewise blessed to have reliable volunteers who are willing to take a four-hour shift in the bookstore to serve customers at the register or to help them locate books.

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We even have three volunteers who are willing to cover 2 shifts (or be here for a full business day). Using our POS system is so easy but it can get a little challenging on a busy day when you have 3 or more customers lined up ready to check out.

Nevertheless, we so appreciate how our CSRs are apt to the task and are more than happy to serve in this capacity. All our volunteers are thoroughly briefed and trained by our Store Manager, Tom Armstrong.

They are equipped with everything they need to know before they start with their assignments.

These amazing individuals share our vision which is to continue to promote literacy and the love for books in the local community and are willing to contribute with their time and effort to this end.

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You see, Books Revisited is a non-profit used bookstore that aims to support literacy projects as resources would allow us to. We either contribute financially or donate books where they are needed. Our volunteers are the unseen heroes who have been making this happen for many years.

If you are interested in joining our elite group of volunteers, come to Books Revisited in theWhite Sands Mall or visit our website where you can down-load an application at booksrevisited.store

Currently, Books Revisited Literacy Foundation, the Board that oversees the bookstore, needs additional volunteer board members as well.

Come see us soon in the White Sands Mall for more information or to simply thank our “heroes behind the scenes” for all they do.

Rocket City Fun Center

Story courtesy of Chris Edwards of Alamogordo Town News

TheAlamogordo City Commission had an extensive discussion around the Rocket city Fun Center on Tuesday, May 25,2024.

Areport and guidance from staff for the Roc-ket City Family Fun CenterAlamogordo transpired with city manager, Rick Holden providing information and seeking guidance.

The facility is in potential litigation and thus there could not be any discussion concerning the status of the potential litigation or Mr. Chun individually at all due to the ongoing dispute. Mr. Chun led the company that was the former lease holder of this city owner property.

Thus the conversation focused on future planning when and if

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the dispute and or litigation is resolved.

Mr Holden explained to the commission that they “need to provide staff some guidance so that the staff can work to resolve, that building we own out there and where we are going with it, and what’s going to happen to it next.”

Mr. Holden explained there are 3 options on the table once they get past potential litigation on how to move forward:

1. Sell the Building Outright - the city had it appraised. It appraised for more than the city owes on it. If sold that would then allow the proceeds to be used to pay off the bonds that are outstanding which are $5.2 Million.

2. The city could lease the building out to someone else to operate as a fun center similar to the last transaction. That would require a process of RFP’s and the city would have to layout guidelines of what is expected of the operation.

3. The less preferred option by Mr. Holden would be for the city to run Story continues next page

a fun center. That would require the city to create another department, probably within Park and Recreation.

There may be some other options to consider but above was the primary per Mr. Holden. He continued that he has no idea, when they will be free of litigation to go after this at 100% but he would like a plan to be ready to move when the time availed itself.

He explained if they chose to go step 2 they could begin planning for an RFP and drafting some options for consideration within framework given. If they are interested in the city running it they could lay out a plan for that, if they moved to sell it then they can begin the legal work needed to make that happen after the litigation is settled. Continued from

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Mr. Holden went on to address the ballot language around the bond that was passed to pay for the project of the Rocket City Fun Center. Stephanie Hernandez,Asst. City Manager joined the discussion.

There has been much discussion that the citizens voted for bowling alley, there was literature around the bond that said it could be this, it could be that, but the actual verbiage on the ballot stated that voters were “to approve a recreation center, the specific verbiage was that bond could be issued for the purpose of building, beautifying, improving, acquiring, constructing, equipping, and improving land and building for public parks, and related recreation facilities, project includes a public recreation center to be located at site 8 Mesa Verde Village.”

Mrs. Hernandez mentioned in addition to the appraisal there was a rental appraisal and “there is no more $2,000 a month. The rent appraisal per square foot was from $9.00 to $12.00 or Story continues next page

$315,000 a year or up to $26,500 per month. Taking the rate down to 75% of appraisal due to market conditions still makes the rent around $20,000 per month. I’d rent was reduced to 25% of value then rent would still be around $7,000 a month.”

Mrs. Hernandez was concerned with an operator being capitalized to operate such a large rent expense thus there was a recommendation that if the property is sent to RFP there be two, one for the restaurant operator and one for the recreational facility.

And if it were to be brought in internal then clear direction of what does that look like? There was little appetite for the city to run the facility.

Commissioner Rardin opposed any discussion of breaking up a RFP and said Brunswick was interested until a local business owner dissuaded them from coming to Alamogordo. He then explained Brunswick is excellent operator

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and has the finances to do a deal here.

The fact is Brunswick completed its exit from the bowling business with the sale of the bowling equipment and products division to BlueArc Capital Management, a private investment firm based in Atlanta, Georgia. BlueArc completed the acquisition with investments from Gladstone Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company in McLean, Virginia, and Capitala Finance Corp., a business development company in Charlotte, North Carolina. On November 15, 2019, Brunswick acquired Ebonite International and all of its bowling product brands. The PBAand Brunswick assets now owned by Bowlero which has been involved in controversy and litigation in recent years.

By 2017 the company was Story continues next page

facing further scrutiny and more than 50 lawsuits from former employees at various company locations who claimed to have been terminated for their appearance.

More recently the bowling business had consolidated and rebranded Bowlero with nationwide revenues have increased 7.0% to $337.7 million versus the prior year. They have no locations in New Mexico with one in Phoenix. They typically operate in large urban centers.

City manager Rick Holden asked “if the commission would consider just selling the building?” and Mrs. Hernandez said “it would help the city’s debt capacity.”

The public perception was that it would be a recreational center concept which is not really what transpired.

The commission guidance per Nick Paul’s recommendation was to speak with some major commercial brokers that specialize in this type or property or transaction and see what the interest might be and the reality of selling at the level to pay off the bond.

Additionally the direction was to draft some potential RFP’s for consideration to see if there is interest from another operator.

City management will be back with further information at a future meeting for cleaner considerations.

The facility history has been embroiled in controversy since it was first planned.

Abond measure approving the project was voted down by Alamogordo residents then approved two years later by voters

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for a family fun center. Construction began in December 2016, with City officials selecting Downtown Venture Corp. and its President Jay Chun to manage the facility inAugust 2017.

In addition to the near $6 Million in bond money provided by the taxpayers the taxpayers also provided $1.5 Million in LEDA money. The City ofAlamogordo provided Downtown Venture Corp. with $1.5 million in LEDAfunds in August 2017 to make upgrades to the facility.

In September 2018, the New Mexico StateAuditor's Office sent a 12-page letter toAlamogordo city officials outlining alleged violations of state and city statutes throughout the development of Rocket City.

City officials issued a press release in early October of 2018 outlining “steps to ensure taxpayer money is safeguarded and the citizens are served best,” including reviewing the ways in which the City undertakes construction projects, reviewing local LEDA ordinances, and drafting an ordinance that clarifies how LEDA dollars can be spent.

Mr Holden went on to tell the commission several individuals and groups have expressed interest in the building and they would report back at a future meeting after researching a potential sales and or the RFP option.

Soap-tree yucca was used by native peoples as a source of food, fiber for basketry and cord, soap, and building material. The towering plant often resembles a palm tree with relatively thin leaves arranged in a rosette around a central stem or trunk.

Mature plants develop a trunk, and can grow to a height of 5 or 6 meters, hence the name soaptree. The leaves are long and leathery with tough stringy fibers. Young plants spread from the roots, so it is often observed in large colonies. When flowering they present an impressive show on the landscape.

Yucca flowers were boiled and eaten, or simply eaten raw by the Chiricahua and the MescaleroApache and the flowers were boiled, dried, and stored by the Mescalero.

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They also added the flowers to soups. The westernApache also utilized the flowers of soap-tree yucca. Emerging Yucca elata flower stalks also were baked in pits overnight, or roasted on coals. On the older, tree-like plants, the stalks would have been growing beyond the reach of deer, which often graze them at night before they can be harvested.

The MescaleroApache baked the trunks or central stems in pits and dried and stored them, much like agave. The dried central stems were also were processed into a meal or flour and added to food.

The leaves contain long, thin, straight fibers that provide them with remarkable strength and flexibility. These qualities were recognized by many groups, and the leaves were utilized for many technological applications. The Papago used strips of the leaves to sew coiled basketry together.

The Pima used the leaf fibers to construct nets that could be utilized as containers or traps.

The WesternApache used the leaves to make cordage. Shallow baskets or trays, used for many purposes, were fashioned from the versatile leaves of this plant and the red roots were utilized to decorate baskets and as sandal loops. The resilient leaves were woven through the upright sticks of house walls to secure them to the corner posts.

The soap-tree, not surprisingly, was also utilized as soap. The roots and the trunk contain abundant saponins, chemicals that foam when the root is soaked in water and agitated.

Rancho de Chimayó Carne Adovada

Ingredients

8 ounces (30 to 35) whole dried New Mexico red chiles, mild to medium heat, or 7 oz. ground dried red New Mexico chiles (about 1 1/2 cups)*

1 tablespoon canola or vegetable oil

4 garlic cloves, crushed in a garlic press or minced

2 tablespoons finely chopped yellow onion

1 tablespoon crushed chile pequin

1/2 teaspoon crumbled dried oregano

About 1 1/2 tsp. garlic salt

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3 1/2 pounds boneless pork shoulder, as much fat trimmed as possible, meat cut into 2-in. pieces

How to Make It

If using whole chiles, preheat oven to 300°. Break stems off chile pods, tear pods open a little, and pull out seeds. Wear rubber gloves if you are not used to handling chiles since chiles can cause a burning sensation.

Afew seeds add more heat, but adding a lot of them can make the sauce crunchy."

Put chiles in a 4- to 6-qt. pot, rinse, and drain. Dry pot to use later.

Arrange damp chiles in a single layer on two baking sheets and toast in oven until fragrant, 3 to 5 minutes (they won't dry completely). Let cool, then break each chile into 2 or 3 pieces.

The time in the oven deepens the flavor, but the toasting probably goes back to cooks who had to grind the chiles by hand. Toasted pods are more brittle and easier to crush."

Make sauce:

Warm oil in 6-qt. pot over medium heat.Add garlic and cook, stirring, 2 minutes. If using pre-ground chiles, sprinkle over garlic, then gradually whisk in 3 1/2 cups water.

If using whole chiles, purée half of them in a blender with 1 1/2 cups water until you get a thick, velvety liquid with flecks of chile pulp, about 2 minutes. Pour into pot of garlic. Repeat with remaining pods and another Story continues next page

1 1/2 cups water. Use 1 more cup of water to rinse out the blender, then pour it into the pot so you get all the good chile bits.

Stir in onion, chile pequin, oregano, and garlic salt. The chile pequin, a hotter, smaller red chile, adds heat and texture to the sauce.

Bring to a boil over medium heat, covered; then reduce heat, uncover, and simmer 20 to 30 minutes, stirring occasionally, until as thick as fudge sauce. \

Remove from heat and cool to room temperature. Stir in pork, making sure all pieces of meat are coated. Cover and chill overnight.

The next day, preheat oven to 300°. Bake, covered, until pork is fork-tender and sauce has cooked down, 2 3/4 to 3 1/4 hours.

Stir halfway through. If the sauce looks watery after 3 1/4 hours, stir well again and cook uncovered for another 15 to 20 minutes. Taste and season with more garlic salt if you like.

Make ahead: Up to 1 week, chilled (add a bit of water to reheat in oven or on stove).

*Find ground Chimayó chiles

What kind of shoes do frogs wear? Open toad.

What do you call a wizard who’s good with ceramics? Harry Pottery.

How did Benjamin Franklin feel when he discovered electricity? He was shocked!

What kind of shoes does a lazy person wear? Loafers.

Why did the bed wear a disguise? It was undercover.

Why did the queen go to the dentist? To get crowns on her teeth.

Where do fish keep their money? In a river bank.

What do you call two monkeys who share anAmazon account? Prime mates.

What do you get if you cross an angry sheep with a moody cow? An animal that’s in a baaaaad mooood.

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continued from page 95 91

Which Janet now uses in a wide variety of her pottery pieces.

In 1990, Janet had the opportunity to buy her mother’s shop which became Hen House Ceramics.

While operating her business, Janet decided to further her education and taught pottery at NMSU in Alamogordo.

Her teacher at NMSU was Don Ellis, a well known and respected potter from Cloudcroft. She was a quick student and soon became a teaching tech at the college where she for nine years.

There was still more to learn, and to keep up with the latest techniques she traveled around the country taking workshops whenever she could, learning Raku, horsehair, kiln building, mixing glazes, stained glass, and custom designing art tiles. Self-taught on a polymer Clay technique, cutting, carving and painting gourds, as well as 3-D painting.

Janet became a founding member and featured artist at Horse Feathers Gallery here in Tularosa in 2016 and in June of 2022, Janet and her sister, Jeanie Abney became the new owners of HorseFeathers Gallery.

Please stop by Horsefeathers and see what is new! And as their ad in Alamodoso Magazine states … “We’re more than just another shop; we’re a destination!”

Janet Bruneau is a third generation artist from Alamogordo, being introduced to art an early age at her mother’s Faye’s shop, Whaley’s Ceramics, along with her grandmother Naomi Beal from La Luz.

Working along side those two devoted teachers, Janet learned quickly and with their encouragement, realized that she had a real talent for ceramics and other crafts as well.

Her art education began at Montclair State College where she earned her Ceramic Teachers Certificate from the National Ceramics Manufacturers Association.

For the next decade, Janet continued to help her mother and teach others the art of ceramics in her shop.

During this time, her mother developed her distinctive Earth-Spirits pottery that has since been patented and

More than a century ago, brothers Charles Bishop Eddy and John Arthur Eddy— organizers of the El Paso and Northeastern Railroad— arrived in the brand new town of Alamogordo, hoping to continue the rail line. Because they needed railroad ties and timber, the brothers sent a survey crew into the nearby Sacramento Mountains to assess the possibility of laying a line that reached the summit. In the fall of 1898, the crew reported that not only could a line be built, the area’s majestic beauty would draw visitors from far and wide. The crew suggested the name Cloudcroft,“a pasture for the clouds.”

By the end of 1898, the railroad line reached Toboggan Canyon. The following summer, John Arthur Eddy officially opened the Pavilion

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at the summit that provided accommodations for visitors including a kitchen, dining room, parlor, entertainment hall and 40 tents set on wooden platforms. Guests attended the festivities by taking the train to Toboggan Canyon and then a stagecoach up to Cloudcroft. The new resort received rave reviews in El Paseo and other area newspapers, and crowds began to visit the area. Fire twice destroyed the Pavilion but it was rebuilt each time in its original style.

The railroad line reached Cloudcroft in early 1900 and after the depot was built, “meeting the train” became a daily festivity in the village. Three trains pulled in to Cloudcroft daily to carry passengers and mail and haul logs down the mountain. Eventually, cars and trucks began to replace the trains, resulting in the railroad’s loss of money and eventual showdown. The last passenger train pulled in to the station in 1938 and the final freight train descended the hill in 1947.

Cloudcroft has changed little across the decades, retaining its famous friendly, small-town atmosphere. Visitors travel here from around the country as well as the world to enjoy the laid-back atmosphere, pristine wilderness and all the amenities of modern life.

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An abundance of flowers blossom each year on the mountain. Many of us can identify a dandelion, but what about the large number of others that blanket a hillside or are sprinkled along the road?

One of these pronounced flowers is Mullein.

Mullein is a biennial plant, meaning its life cycle is two years long. In the first year, Mullein makes its appearance in spring as soft silvery rosettes, popping up in forest openings, wood edges, and roadsides. The velvety leaves havein certain situations-replaced the 2 ply, thus giving it its nickname of “Cowboy Toilet Paper”. (Though its advised those with sensitive skin to be cautious when using.)

In the second year of life, Mullein makes its grand finale. The rosette is double in size and the plant has sent down a deep tap root to make for a sturdy base. A large stalk sometimes reaching up to 10 feet tall comes from the center

of the plant, bursting with radiant yellow blooms like a firework display.

The honey scented flowers will produce blossoms of 5 symmetrical petals. These golden blooms open right before dawn each day and will close by mid afternoon.

One single Mullein plant can produce 100,000 to 240,000 seeds. Mullein also has its many medicinal uses, some dating back all the way to the first century where Dioscorides, an ancient Greek physician and botanist, recommended using Mullein for disease of the lungs.

The Mescalero Apaches in this area used Mullein to help treat tuberculosis. This plant contains mucilaginous polysaccharides which makes it ideal for inflammation to the upper respiratory tract. Helping with the dry deep coughs, allowing your lungs to have a more productive cough and to remove those irritants from the lungs.

The flowers are rich in nectar which provides food for butterflies, bees and the infamous hummingbirds.

The florets have been said to treat earaches and ear infec-

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tions. In Rome, they used the blossoms to dye hair yellow, and used the dry stalks as torches, believing that by burning them it would ward off spirits.

Next time you come across one of these miraculous plants, see if you can tell if it's in its first year or its second year of growth. Reach down and touch the soft rabbit ear like leaves, inhale the sweetness of the flowers.

Get out and explore and learn about the wonderous world we have around us.

Happy Herbing!!!

Kristy Madland

Geronimo was an Apache leader who continued the tradition of the Apaches resisting white colonization of their homeland in the Southwest, participating in raids into Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico. After years of war, Geronimo finally surrendered to U.S. troops in 1886. While he became a celebrity, he spent the last two decades of his life as a prisoner of war.

He was a naturally gifted hunter, who, the story goes, as a boy swallowed the heart of his first kill to ensure a lifetime of success on the chase.

He belonged to the smallest band within the Chiricahua tribe, the Bedonkohe. Numbering a little more than 8,000, the Apaches were surrounded by enemies — not just Mexicans, but also other

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tribes, including the Navajo and Comanches.

Raiding their neighbors was part of the Apache life. In response, the Mexican government put a bounty on Apache scalps, offering as much as $25 for a child's scalp.

While he was out on a trading trip, Mexican soldiers attacked his camp, killing his his mother, wife and three children.

Geronimo rounded up a force of 200 men and hunted down the Mexican soldiers who killed his family. For 10 years he exacted revenge against the Mexican government.

In 1848, the United States took over territory from Mexico, including areas belonging to the Apache. Spurred by the discovery of gold in the Southwest, settlers and miners streamed into their lands. Tensions mounted and the Apaches stepped up their attacks on stage-coaches and wagon trains.

At one point nearly a quarter of the Army's forces — 5,000 troops — were trying to hunt him down. in the summer of 1886, he surrendered

While riding home in February 1909, he was thrown from his horse. He passed away six days later, with his nephew at his side. on his deathbed Geronimo said "I should never have surrendered,I should have fought until I was the last man alive."

Super Solar Storm

Around 11:30 p.m. on Feb. 4, 1872, the sky above Jacobabad suddenly brightened, as if a portal to heaven had opened.Apasserby watched in amazement and terror, while a pet dog became motionless, then trembled. The godly glow morphed, from red to bright blue to deep violet, until morning.

Electric communication cables mysteriously glitched in the Mediterranean, around Lisbon and Gibraltar, London and India. Confused telegraph operators in Cairo reported issues in sending messages to Khartoum. One incoming message asked what was the big red glow on the horizon —

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a fire or a faraway explosion?

The source was in fact 90 million miles away.Asurge of particles from our fiery sun bombarded Earth’s upper atmosphere, generating a geomagnetic storm that painted skies and disrupted electric systems.

Now, newly uncovered data show that this February 1872 event ranks among the top three greatest geomagnetic storms to hit Earth on record. The findings reveal that these large events — super geomagnetic storms — are more common than researchers previously realized, posing a major risk if one hit today’s technology-heavy society.

“The intensity of the solar geomagnetic storm was excessively large and possibly one of the largest,” said Hisashi Hayakawa, the study’s lead author. “Such a strong geomagnetic storm would completely mess up modern civilization.”

The most intense super geomagnetic storm is said to be the Carrington Event in September 1859, named after the British astronomer who helped shed light on it. The storm brought glowing lights, or auroras, as far as Tahiti — a major surprise since most aurora congregate around Earth’s poles. Spikes of electricity paralyzed the world’s telegraph systems, halting messages.

The Carrington Event was thought to be a one-of-kind, freak occurrence, but scientists are learning that is not true.

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My first time in Cloudcroft was 15 years ago and how I found Cloudcroft is a fun story.

My husband worked for the Maplewood Fire Department in Missouri so we went to the annual Chamber of Commerce auction.

One of the auction items was a week stay at a cabin in Cloudcroft. At that time the superintendent of the High School had a cabin here and put it up as an auction item. We were the only ones that bid on this and when we stayed in Cloudcroft we were on our Baby Moon.

I was pregnant with our son, Ben when we stayed at that cabin and fell in love with Cloudcroft. The sunsets are amazing, the weather is

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Another super geomagnetic storm occurred in May 1921, the largest geomagnetic storm of the 20th century. The storm, sometimes referred to as the New York Railroad storm, brought spectacular nighttime aurora. It also interrupted and damaged telephone and telegraph systems linked to railroad systems in New York City and around the state.

Anew study adds a third storm — from February 1872 — to the geomagnetic hall of fame, ranking as intense, if not more intense, than the others by some measures. The storm pushed aurora even farther south than the Carrington Event, causing magnetic disturbances on Earth equal to or worse.

“Some of the colors that are mentioned in this event in terms of auroral coloring and then the behavior, in my mind, are even more explicit than what was documented in the [Carrington] event,” said Delores Knipp, co-author and space physicist at the University of Colorado at Boulder. “It is likely that the level of magnetic disturbance or perturbation is every bit as large as the Carrington Event.”

Three super geomagnetic storms in the last two centuries may not seem like a lot, but researchers say that’s too frequent for comfort.

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so much different than St. Louis, the trees are beauti-ful and I still get excited when I see the elk.

We began to look at cabins and property for sale, ended up buying in Cloud Country. We began the build for the cabin, 1,100 miles from home that we would visit during the summer and Christmas.

Three years ago we made the decision to move here fulltime and then the opportunity for Be In The Mountains Yoga happened.

Yoga came into my life in 2008 while I worked at the Yoga and Pilates Center in St. Louis. I worked at the front desk while I went to massage therapy school at The Healing Arts Center.

My massage therapy license is still in Missouri so I’m currently not practicing but massage therapy helped me find yoga.

In 2014 I became a certified Thai Yoga Practitioner, studying with different teachers. Thai Yoga is practiced on a comfortable mat with the addition of a heated Biomat. I guide you in yoga poses while I’m stretching, rocking and applying compressions along the body.

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Thai Yoga led me to wanting to know more about teaching yoga, thinking it would expand my Thai Yoga practice. In 2017 I took my 200 hundred hour yoga teacher training at Just Practice Yoga in St. Louis.

My roots are in Vinyasa Flow and it took me time before I taught. When I did teach, it would be with one or two students. It wasn’t until I moved to Cloudcroft that I felt the urge to teach group classes.

I started teaching at Mind, Body, Fitness Yoga in Alamogordo and took Yin Teacher Training classes in Breckenridge Colorado. My excitement to teach was growing.

I found out about space available for rent in Cloudcroft and I felt like my dreams were in front of me. In December 2022, Be in the Mountains Yoga was born. I offer Vinyasa Flow, Yin, VinYin, Yoga Nidra classes and Thai Yoga sessions.

Yoga has helped me breathe, helped me connect to myself and has made me stronger. Yoga has been life changing for me and I would like to share what I’ve learned with you along the way.

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Continued from previous page

Hopefully creating a space for others to connect and expand their practice.

I am so grateful for the steps that have led me here. I look forward to practicing with you, Beth

Vinyasa is a style of yoga characterized by stringing postures together so that you move from one to another, seamlessly, using breath. Commonly referred to as “flow” yoga, it is sometimes confused with “power yoga“.

Vinyasa classes offer a variety of postures and no two classes are ever alike. The opposite would be “fixed forms” such as Bikram Yoga, which features the same 26 postures in every class, or Ashtanga which has the same sequence every time.

The variable nature of Vinyasa Yoga helps to develop a more balanced body as well as prevent repetitive motion injuries that can happen if you are always doing the same thing every day.

As a philosophy, Vinyasa recognizes the temporary nature of things. We enter into a posture, are there for a while and then leave.

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If you can read this whole story without laughing, then there's no hope for you. This is an actual account as relayed to paramedics at a chili cook-off in Texas .

Note: Please take time to read this slowly. If you pay attention to the first two judges, the reaction of the third judge is even better. For those of you who have lived in Texas , you know how true this is. They actually have a Chili Cook-off about the time Halloween comes around. It takes up a major portion of a parking lot at the San Antonio City Park .

Judge #3 was an inexperienced chili taster Frank, who was visiting from Springfield , Illionois

Frank: "Recently, I was honored to be selected as a judge at a chili cook-off. The original person called in sick at the last moment and I happened to be standing there at the judge's table, asking for story continues next page

directions to the Coors Light truck, when the call came in.

I was assured by the other two judges (Native Texans) that the chili wouldn't be all that spicy; and, besides, they told me I could have free beer during the tasting, so I accep-ted and became Judge 3."

Here are the scorecard notes from the event:

CHILI # 1 - MIKE'S MANIAC MONSTER CHILI

Judge # 1 -- A little too heavy on the tomato. Amusing kick.

Judge # 2 -- Nice, smooth tomato flavor. Very mild.

Judge # 3 (Frank) -- Holy crap, what the heck is this stuff? You could remove dried paint from your driveway. Took me two beers to put the flames out. I hope that's the worst one. These Texans are crazy.

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CHILI # 2 - AUSTIN 'S AFTERBURNER CHILI

Judge # 1 -- Smoky, with a hint of pork. Slight jalapeno tang.

Judge # 2 -- Exciting BBQ flavor, needs more peppers to be taken seriously.

Judge # 3 -- Keep this out of the reach of children. I'm not sure what I'm supposed to taste besides pain. I had to wave off two people who wanted to give me the Heimlich maneuver. They had to rush in more beer when they saw the look on my face.

Judge # 1 -- Excellent firehouse chili. Great kick.

Judge # 2 -- A bit salty, good use of peppers.

Judge # 3 -- Call the EPA. story continues next page

CHILI # 3 - FRED'S FAMOUS BURN DOWN THE BARN CHILI

I've located a uranium spill. My nose feels like I have been snorting Drano. Everyone knows the routine by now. Get me more beer before I ignite. Barmaid pounded me on the back, now my backbone is in the front part of my chest. I'm getting smashed from all of the beer.

4 - BUBBA'S BLACK MAGIC

Judge # 1 -- Black bean chili with almost no spice. Disappointing.

Judge # 2 -- Hint of lime in the black beans. Good side dish for fish or other mild foods, not much of a chili.

Judge # 3 -- I felt something scraping across my tongue, but was unable to taste it. Is it possible to burn out

CHILI #

taste buds? Sally, the beer maid, was standing behind me with fresh refills. This 300 lb. woman is starting to look HOT ... just like this nuclear waste I'm eating! Is chili an aphrodisiac!

CHILI # 5 - LISA'S LEGAL LIP REMOVER

Judge # 1 -- Meaty, strong chili. Cayenne peppers freshly ground, adding considerable kick. Very impressive.

Judge # 2 -- Chili using shredded beef, could use more tomato. Must admit the cayenne peppers make a strong statement.

Judge # 3 -- My ears are ringing, sweat is pouring off my forehead and I can no longer focus my eyes. I farted, and four people behind me needed paramedics.

The contestant seemed offended when I told her that story continues next page

her chili had given me brain damage.

Sally saved my tongue from bleeding by pouring beer directly on it from the pitcher. I wonder if I'm burning my lips off. It really ticks me off that the other judges asked me to stop screaming.

CHILI # 6 - VERA'S VERY VEGETARIAN VARIETY

Judge # 1 -- Thin yet bold vegetarian variety chili. Good balance of spices and peppers.

Judge # 2 -- The best yet. Aggressive use of peppers, onions, garlic. Superb.

Judge # 3 -- My intestines are now a straight pipe filled with gaseous, sulfuric flames. No one seems inclined to stand behind me except that Sally.

Can't feel my lips anymore. I feel like I need to wipe my butt with a snow cone.

CHILI # 7 -- SUSAN'S SCREAMING SENSATION CHILI

Judge # 1 -- A mediocre chili with too much reliance on canned peppers.

Judge # 2 -- Ho hum, tastes as if the chef literally threw in a can of chili peppers at the last moment. **I should take note that I am worried

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about Judge #3. He appears to be a bit distressed as he is cursing uncontrollably.

Judge # 3 -- You could put a grenade in my mouth, pull the pin, and I wouldn't feel a thing. I've lost sight in one eye, and the world sounds like it is made of rushing water. My shirt is covered with chili, which slid unnoticed out of my mouth. My pants are full of lava to match my shirt. At least during the autopsy, they'll know what killed me. I've decided to stop breathing, it's too painful. Who cares; I'm not getting any oxygen anyway. If I need air, I'll just suck it in through the 4-inch hole in my stomach.

CHILI # 8 - BIG TOM'S TOENAIL

CURLING CHILI

Judge # 1 -- The perfect ending, this is a nice blend chili. Not too bold but spicy enough to declare its existence.

Judge # 2 -- This final entry is a good, balanced chili. Neither mild nor hot. Sorry to see that most of it was lost when Judge #3 farted, passed out, fell over and pulled the chili pot down on top of himself. Not sure if he's going to make it. Poor feller, wonder how he'd have reacted to really hot chili..

Judge # 3 - No ReportI

Continued from page 12

nervous and picks up his pace when the light changes.

By the time the man reaches the pier at the end of the street, he has now been running for several blocks. He was running because every time he turned around, there were more and more cats behind him. He looked like the pied piper.

When he got to the end of the pier, he turned around once more and saw at least 10,000 cats sitting there looking at him. There were so many cats that there was no way to get off the pier without going through them and he knew there was no way he was going to do that.

In a panic, he turned toward the water and heaved the statue as far as he could. Amazingly, all of the cats ran right past him and jumped in the water after the statue and drowned.

The man, still shaking from his ordeal, immediately started running back to the shop. As he burst through the door, the shop owner saw him and said "I told you that you would be back for the story." The man replied "H eckwith the story, gimme a statue of a politician!"

The Carrizozo Woman’s Club: A

Century of Impact in Lincoln County

The Carrizozo Woman Club, established in 1920, stands as a testament to the enduring power of community and civic engagement in Lincoln County.

As a member of the General Federation of Women Clubs (GFWC), one of the largest and oldest women organizations globally, the Carrizozo Woman’s Club has played a pivotal role in shaping the cultural, educational, and social landscape of the region.

The early 20th century was a period of significant social change, with women increasingly stepping into public and civic roles. It was against this backdrop that the Carrizozo Woman’s Club was founded.

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The club emerged as a space where women could gather, share ideas, and mobilize for the betterment of their com-munity. From its inception, the club was committed to fostering a spirit of cooperation and civic responsibility among its members with its motto “Help One Another”.

Affiliation with the GFWC provided the Carrizozo Woman’s Club with a broader platform and access to a wealth of resources. The GFWC, established in 1890, has been instrumental in advancing women’s rights and community improvement initiatives worldwide.

Membership in this esteemed organization linked the Carrizozo Woman’s Club to a network of clubs that shared a common mission: to enhance the quality of life through volunteer service.

Over the past century, the Carrizozo Woman’s Club has made indelible contributions to Lincoln County. The club’s activities have spanned various domains, including education, health, the arts, and social services.

One of the hallmark initiatives of the club has been its

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commitment to supporting local education. The club has provided scholarships to local students, facilitated educational programs, and supported school libraries and activities.

The Carrizozo Woman’s Club, is also a long-standing organization dedicated to community improvement and civic engagement, it has played a significant role in sponsoring and promoting “Clean Up Zozo Day”. This annual event exemplifies their commitment to enhancing the local Environment and fostering a sense of community responsibility.

The arts have also been a focal point for the club. Recognizing the importance of cultural enrichment, the Carrizozo Woman’s Club has supported local artists, organized art exhibitions, and sponsored cultural events. Story continues next page

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These activities have not only nurtured local talent but alsobrought the community together, fostering a sense of shared cultural heritage.

As the Carrizozo Woman’s Club celebrates over 100 years of service, it remains dedicated to preserving its rich heritage while adapting to the evolving needs of the community. The club’s historic clubhouse, a landmark in Carrizozo, stands as a symbol of the club’s longstanding commitment to community service.

Efforts to preserve and restore this building reflect the club’s recognition of its historical significance and its role as a gathering place for future generations.

Looking forward, the Carrizozo Woman’s Club continues to embrace new challenges and opportunities. The club remains focused on expanding its membership, particularly by engaging younger women who bring fresh perspectives and energy.

By leveraging modern technology and social media, the club aims to increase its outreach and impact.

The Carrizozo Woman’s Club is more than just an organization; it is a pillar of Lincoln County’s community life.

Its century-long legacy of service, rooted in the values of the GFWC, exemplifies the profound impact that dedicated, civic-minded women can have on their communities.

As it moves into its next

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century, the Carrizozo Woman’s Club remains committed to its founding principles of service, education, and community enhancement, ensuring that it will continue to be a vital force in Lincoln County for generations to come.

If you’re interested in joining the Carrizozo Woman’s Club, email info to carrizozowomansclub@gmail.com

The Womans Club building is an outstanding example of Pueblo Revival Architecture built of adobe.

The ceiling in the unique round room, which is completely free standing, contains viga logs in an intricate wagon wheel pattern.

Built in 1939 by the WPA, the building is one of the showplaces in Carrizozo and is included on the State and Federal Registers of historic buildings.”

The Carrizozo Library is open four days per week:

Wednesday 2pm - 6pm

Thursday 2pm - 6pm

Friday 10am - 3pm

Saturday 10am - 3pm

The Carrizozo Library has: -Free WiFi 24/7 No password

-Free Four Public Computers (30min sessions or unlimited time if no one is waiting)

-Free Library Card

-Free Tech Help

Wednesdays 4-6 PM

-Affordable copy service

-Affordable fax service

-Quiet study/work area

-A must see Used Book Store

Library Bookstore

Come see what we've got in store at your local library!

Learn about the history of the wild west, or send masterfully crafted postcards made by Carrizozo artists.

Dive into our selection of used books you can't wait to read. Bookstore sales support library!

Sweetgrass

: a kindness medicine

Story by Anishinabe Elder Wally Chartrand.

We use 21 strands of sweetgrass to make a braid.

The first seven strands represent those seven generations behind us - our parents, grandparents, and so on back for seven generations. Who we are and what we are is because of them. They’ve brushed and made the trails we have been walking up until now.

The old people tell us that it takes longer for us to heal today and the reason is because the old trails our ancestors used to use to find us have been destroyed. They’ve build dams which have destroyed the old trails. They’ve build Story continues next page

towns and cities where the old trails used to be. So now our ancestors are having a harder time trying to find us to help us heal.

The next seven strands represent the seven sacred teachings: love, respect, honesty, courage, wisdom, truth, and humility. The old people tell us how simple, powerful and beautiful the teachings are. Love - a very simple teaching. Respect - a powerful teaching. Humility - a beautiful teaching. When we truly understand the teaching of humility - that I am not any better than anyone else and you are not any better than me, and that at the end of the day we are all simply human beings - this is what makes this teaching powerful and beautiful.

The only thing wrong with the teachings is that we don’t walk them everyday. Love is only a four-letter word. It’s when we walk that love, when we show it, when we live it, that’s what makes these teachings powerful and beautiful. One other thing we are reminded is that how can we love someone else if we don’t first love ourselves. How can we

respect another if we don’t first respect ourselves. They tell us that the teachings need to first start from within ourselves.

The last seven strands are for the seven generation in front of us: our children, our grandchildren, and those children yet to be born. Why are they important? Everything we do to Mother Earth will one day affect them. Right now the earth gives us everything and anything we can possibly want to have the life we have, but if we don’t look after her, what’s going to be left when it’s their turn? The circle that’s around me today, is that the same circle I want to pass on to them? Especially if my circle involves alcohol abuse, drug abuse, family violence, lying, stealing or cheating. Sometime it’s up to us to break the cycle, and hopefully replace it with something

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better.

We put those 3 braids together, and they represent yesterday, today and tomorrow... mind, body and spirit... man, woman and child... man, woman and Creator.

When my son was born I made him a promise that we wouldn’t cut his hair till he was seven years old. We cut it eight years ago (he’s 15 today) but when he was four years old he already knew this teaching, because every morning as I’d get him ready for daycare, I’d braid his hair. I’d ask him, "Misko what does your braid represent?"

"Sweetgrass," he’d say.

"What does sweetgrass represent, my boy?" I’d ask.

"Kindness," he’d say.

"And what does each of your braids represent, my boy?"

"My mind, my body and my spirit," was his reply.

"Okay, what are you going to do at daycare today, my boy?" I’d ask.

"Dad, I’m going to be kind to my mind, my body and my spirit," he’d say.

"Awesome my boy!!! What’s going to happen if you do that today?" I’d ask.

He’d say, "Dad! I’m going to be STRONG !!!!"

You see that’s the second teaching that comes with this medicine. It’s through our kindness that we are most strong. Anybody can raise their

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fist at anyone else.

Anyone can use their words to hurt or put someone down.

But when we have someone in our face trying to hurt us with their actions or words, and we still love, respect and show that person kindness... that takes a lot of strength!!!!

It is a sacred grass of the indigenous peoples of Canada and the United States. It is used as a smudge, in herbal medicine and in the production of distilled beverages (e.g., Żubrówka, Wisent). The name Hierochloe odorata is from the Greek and Latin. Hierochloe means “holy grass” and odorata means “fragrant”.

Propagation is easiest by cutting out plugs from established plants. Grown in sun or partial shade, they do not like drought. It will spread and can take over.

The plant is harvested by cutting grass in early to late summer at the desired length. Hierochloe odorata harvested after the first frost has little or no scent and is less desirable for basketry. Basket weavers sun-dry cut sweet grass until it is dry and brittle. The brittle form of sweet grass must be soaked in warm water until it becomes pliable. The pliable grass is typically braided into thick threads and then redried for use.

Everywhere it grows it is prized. The thing that makes sweet grass sweet is

Air Fryer Italian Stuffed Tomatoes

Garlic, Parmesan cheese, basil, and toasted nuts turn brown rice into a superstar stuffing in this Italian-inspired stuffed tomato side dish that’s cooked in the air fryer

INGREDIENTS

4 medium tomatoes olive oil, as needed

1 cup cooked brown rice

⅓ cup freshly grated Parmesan

¼ cup crumbled goat cheese

¼ cup chopped toasted walnuts

2 tablespoons basil

2 tablespoons garlic, minced

¼ cup Italian-seasoned bread crumbs, divided

1 tablespoon olive oil

Cook’s Note: You can substitute shredded mozzarella cheese for goat cheese, if preferred.

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DIRECTIONS

Cut tops off tomatoes and scoop out flesh with a melon baller, leaving 1/4- to 1/2-inch thick sides and bottoms. Discard tomato tops and flesh.

Brush the bottom of an air fryer basket with olive oil.

Combine cooked rice, Parmesan cheese, goat cheese, walnuts, 1 tablespoon basil, and garlic in a medium bowl. Combine bread crumbs, and 1 tablespoon olive oil in a small bowl. Fill tomatoes with rice mixture, then sprinkle with bread crumb mixture. Place stuffed tomatoes into the prepared air fryer basket.

Cook in the air fryer at 370 degrees F (188 degrees C) until tomatoes are tender, filling is heated through, and topping is golden brown, about 15 minutes. Garnish with remaining basil.

ImmuneBoostTea-Caffeinefree

Ingredients:BlueberryRooibos, BlueberryWhiteTea,Fenugreek, AstragalusRoot,ElderFlower,Papaya Leaf,Rosehip,OrangePeel,Hibiscus, OliveLeaf,andPauD’Arco.

HERBALINFUSION:Bringwaterto aboilandturnoffheat.Add1tsp.herb per1cupofwater.Letsitcoveredfor 10minutesbeforestraining.Always shakecondensationfromthelid coveringbackintothetea.Addhoney orlemontotaste.Enjoyhotoriced.

Eyewear has majorly advanced since the 13th century, but blurry vision is not a new phenomenon. Since eye glasses did not come on the scene until late in the 13th century, people had to come up with creative solutions. Between 1000 and 1250 AD, reading stones were discovered — spherical magnifying glasses you could lay over your manuscript to enlarge letters as you read.

In ancient Rome, the emperor Nero would hold a polished emerald in front of his eyes to reduce the sun’s glare while he watched gladiators fight. Roman philosopher Seneca was known to use water-filled objects as a means to magnify text for studying and reading as early as 4 B.C.

In 1286 Italian monks developed the first visual aid. The glasses were made of two framed glass or crystal stones, and were held up to the eyes using a handle.

In 1665 The London Press delivered the first newspaper, sparking a demand for eyeglasses. It was around this time that people who wore glasses were viewed as intelligent and of high status.

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Continued from page 147

coumarin, a naturally occurring aromachemical that in its pure form has a scent somewhere between vanilla and warm hay. As the grass dries, the scent of coumarin becomes more pronounced.

Sweet grass is widely used by North American indigenous peoples from many different Nations. Among many of the Plains Indians it is considered one of the “four sacred medicines“. Though being used for many purposes, its main purpose for many tribes is to attract good spirits. It is also known as the “Hair of Mother Earth”. Sweet grass is often burned at the beginning of a prayer or ceremony to attract positive energies. It is also to be used after burning white sage. White sage is burned to clean the energy, and sweet grass again invites in positive energies and spirits.

Sweet grass can be dried and used as a tea throughout the winter. Added by itself or with other garden herbs and flowers to alcohol, a delightful schnapps or liquor can be made. Sweet grass is a natural mosquito repellent. Some research claims it more effective than Deet.

New Mexico newspapers reported that Pat Garrett had shot and killed Billy Bonney on the night of July 14, 1881. On July 18, the Las Vegas Daily Optic reported: “Aglorious Godsend, the killing of ‘the Kid.’

If Pat Garrett is not paid a couple of thousand dollars for ridding the county of its worse vampire — ‘Billy the Kid’–the people are simply n. g. [no good].” The Optic further declared: “‘Billy the Kid,’ terror not only of Lincoln County, but of the whole Territory, a young desperado who has long been noted a bold thief, a cold-blooded murderer, having perhaps killed more men than any person of his age in the world, has at last received his just dues.All mankind rejoices and the newspapers will now have something else to talk about. It is now in order for Pat Garrett to be well rewarded for his services in ridding the Territory of this desperado.”

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On July 21 the Santa Fe Weekly Democrat crowed: “Billy Bonney, aliasAntrim, alias Billy the Kid, a twenty-oneyear-old desperado, who is known to have killed sixteen men, and who boasted that he killed a man for every year of his life, will no more take deliberate aim at his fellow man and kill him just to keep himself in practice. He is dead; and he died so suddenly that he did not have time to be interviewed by a preacher, or to sing hymns, or pray, so we cannot say positively that he has climbed the shining ladder and entered the pearly gates….” The Democrat continued: “No sooner had the floor caught his descending form, which had a pistol in one hand and a knife in the other, than there was a strong odor of brimstone in the air, and a dark figure, with the wings of a dragon, claws like a tiger, eyes like balls of fire and horns like a bison, hovered over the corpse for a moment, and with a fiendish laugh said, ‘Ha, ha, this is my meat’and sailed off through a window.”

Billy Bonney and the Regulators had fought against the Santa Fe Ring in the Lincoln County War in 1878, and Bonney had testified in 1879 against Santa Fe Ring member Jimmy Dolan for the murder of Susan McSween’s attorney Huston Chapman. Dolan was indicted, but after a change of venue from Lincoln to Socorro, Dolan, defended by Ring attorneys, was acquitted.

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Coffee grown worldwide can trace its heritage back centuries to the ancient coffee forests on the Ethiopian plateau. There, legend says the goat herder Kaldi first discovered the potential of these beloved beans.

The story goes that that Kaldi discovered coffee after he noticed that after eating the berries from a certain tree, his goats became so energetic that they did not want to sleep at night.

Kaldi reported his findings to the abbot of the local monastery, who made a drink with the berries and found that it kept him alert through the long hours of evening prayer. The abbot shared his discovery with the other monks at the monastery, and knowledge of the energizing berries began to spread.

As word moved east and coffee reached theArabian peninsula, it began a journey which would bring these beans across the globe.

Coffee cultivation and trade began on theArabian Peninsula.

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By the 15th century, coffee was being grown in the Yemeni district ofArabia and by the 16th century it was known in Persia, Egypt, Syria, and Turkey.

Coffee was not only enjoyed in homes, but also in the many public coffee houses — called qahveh khaneh — which began to appear in cities across the Near East. The popularity of the coffee houses was unequaled and people frequented them for all kinds of social activity.

Not only did the patrons drink coffee and engage in conversation, but they also listened to music, watched performers, played chess and kept current on the news. Coffee houses quickly became such an important center for the exchange of information that they were often referred to as “Schools of the Wise.”

With thousands of pilgrims visiting the holy city of Mecca each year from all over the world, knowledge of this “wine ofAraby” began to spread.

European travelers to the Near East brought back stories of an unusual dark black beverage. By the 17th century, coffee had made its way to Europe and was becoming popular across the continent.

Some people reacted to this new beverage with suspicion or fear, calling it the “bitter invention of Satan.” The local clergy condemned coffee when it came to Venice in 1615. The controversy was so great that Pope Clement VIII was asked to intervene. He decided to taste the beverage for himself before Story continues next page

making a decision, and found the drink so satisfying that he gave it papal approval.

Despite such controversy, coffee houses were quickly becoming centers of social activity and communication in the major cities of England, Austria, France, Germany and Holland. In England “penny universities” sprang up, so called because for the price of a penny one could purchase a cup of coffee and engage in stimulating conversation.

Coffee began to replace the common breakfast drink beverages of the time — beer and wine. Those who drank coffee instead of alcohol began the day alert and energized, and not surprisingly, the quality of their work was greatly improved. (We like to think of this a precursor to the modern office coffee service.)

By the mid-17th century, there were over 300 coffee houses in London, many of which attracted like-minded patrons, including merchants, shippers, brokers and artists.