Santa Cruz Town Hall: Master's Thesis by Alexandra Raymond

SANTA CRUZ TOWN

HALL

A NEW CIVIC INSTITUTION

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016 Interior Architecture Program Department of Architecture University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon SUBMITTED FOR COMPLETION OF A MASTERS OF INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE DEGREE June 2016

FALL TERM COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT PREPARATION Alison Snyder WINTER TERM STUDIO DESIGN Kyu-ho Ahn SPRING TERM STUDIO DESIGN Kyu-ho Ahn

TABLE OF CONTENTS 01

FINAL PROJECT

Abstract Comprehensive Project Statement Investigative Questions/Project Intentions Final Design Presentation

02 FINAL PROGRAMMING AND SITE ANALYSIS

Short Program Long Program Program Diagram Adjacency Diagram User Scenarios Site Selection Existing Conditions Documentation

2 3 6 7

31 33 40 41 42 44 45

03 FINAL TECHNICAL DESIGN

Code Analysis 49 Building System Approach 51 FF&E Specifications 52

DESIGN PROCESS

Early Schematic Design First Quarter Review Second Quarter Review Third Quarter Review

05 PROJECT RESEARCH

58 60 65 70

Interviews 80 Precedents 85 Bibliography 95

01 FINAL PROJECT

ABSTRACT

Municipal buildings are ingrained with a stigma of tradition. Neoclassical images of colossal columns, towering pediments, and expanses of white marble are at the forefront of this stigma. These classical Greek and Roman elements are sure indicators of importance and governance. And while they have come to symbolize a democratic America, these symbols are ultimately lodged in the American subconscious as prime visual symbols of power and authority. Government buildings then become a means of expressing political power and national identity in order to legitimize democratic rule (Vale, 2008). A new Town Hall is a municipal institution designed to extinguish a past reliance solely on the use of ancient Western architecture and symbols to promote ideals of civic participation by inhabitants of and visitors to its locale. Town Hall works to define new meaning in municipal architecture through the bridging of neoclassical symbols and contemporary design. Most important to the design of this project is public perception of the symbolism imbued in its presence. Town Hall is a promoter of cultural, social, and political exchange, characterized by a â&#x20AC;&#x153;medium roadâ&#x20AC;? context, thereby allowing for some semblance of changeability. The project ultimately serves the citizens of, civic officials of, and visitors to a town or small city locale. Town Hall is thus located in the small seaside city of Santa Cruz, California. l

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT STATEMENT America is a country strongly rooted in ideals of democracy, from the formation of its system of governance to the construction of the nation’s most recognizable structures. A distinctly American national identity in terms of building styles arose in 1789, when the formation of government agencies in need of a federal architecture program began (Lee, 2000). As America was in its infancy, there arose a need to house an increasing number of government functions. But beyond the purely functional state of municipal structures, they were devised to serve other roles.The nation’s early buildings were conceived as symbols of strength and stability, as a means of “inspiring confidence in the federal government on the part of the local citizenry” (Lee, 2000). In addition, public buildings served to encourage education in the arts and culture that would, in essence create a more civilized society and ultimately “uplift the level of cultural aspirations in a community” (Lee, 2000). In the early days of a fledgling nation, public perception was of extreme importance, particularly in terms of stability. Architecture not only became a form of reassurance, but also a form of assurance to America’s contemporary counterparts, endeavoring to prove that the new nation was rooted in fortitude and strength.To ensure such notions, American institutional buildings looked to examples of classical antiquity for guidance. Lawrence Vale exquisitely sums up the intent of the neoclassical architectural influence in Architecture, Power, and National Identity: In the United States, citizens are socialized to regard the most prominent neoclassical edifices of Washington as the reassuring symbols of such concepts as “equal justice under the law” and government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” The buildings housing principal public institutions are unconsciously perceived as metonymous reinforcement for an idealized and stable democratic government, worthy of our tacit trust. (Vale, 2008).

The influence of classical antiquity in American governance began with the creation of a bicameral legislature, imbued with ideals obtained from the Founders’ study of ancient Greeks and Romans. A legislature composed of a House of Representatives and Senate was a practice in including both democratic

and aristocratic elements of governance. Added to this bicameral legislature was a president, “the monarchial element in a mixed government in which authority was shared among the three types of polity (monarchy, aristocracy, democracy) recognized in classical Greece” (Classical Antiquity, 2006). Thus, there was indeed a logical progression from governance derived from ideals of classical antiquity to architecture derived from ideals of classical antiquity. Such ideals began at the state and federal levels with the national capitol as well as state capitols, and eventually spread to the local/regional level in institutions such as city halls and courthouses (Hitchcock, 1976). And soon enough, non-legislative municipal building types, by way of libraries and post offices, adopted elements of national symbolism in form and meaning. In other words, meaning exists beyond the presence of columns, arches, pediments, and domes. Objects and events, monuments and ceremonies, all contribute as meaningful symbols to the production and consolidation of a collective national identity (Vale, 2008). It is this abstraction of a national identity, a national feeling of democracy, that which must extend to Town Hall. The casting of “essentialist pride and epochalist hope into specific symbolic forms” (Vale, 2008) in architecture must then be removed from the visual and ideological context of Town Hall. Town Hall breaks from the symbolism associated with national identity, and in essence, establishes a local identity. This local identity is one that looks to the surrounding town as inspiration for innovation in design, both physically and ideologically. It looks to establish an inherent connection between the history of Santa Cruz and the present and future of Santa Cruz. And as Lawrence Vale remarks, the intent of the use of symbols and forms of classical antiquity in American architecture was a means of establishing a tacit trust (Vale, 2008). Town Hall ventures to inspire this tacit trust independent of the architectural elements that have come to symbolize a singular national architectural identity. Because the imposing form of American municipal structures conveys notions of power and authority, the premise behind Town Hall is to shed exterior and 3

interior design-related connotations associated with the current national identity of municipal architecture. Town Hall serves to test new ideas that embrace collaborative and individual government spaces. It is a project meant to invite civic participation in political, social, and cultural happenings. Such civic participation is promoted through program elements that encourage debate, collaboration, and decision-making. Town Hall is a civic institution that encourages civic participation. Public spaces and rooms such as an archive, café, event space, multiple public forum spaces, and exhibition space are meant to prevent citizens’ discouragement. In addition to these publicly ingrained spaces are private spaces of governance – a primary council chamber, and civic offices and meeting rooms. The goal of this project is to seamlessly integrate the public and private spaces of the program. Town Hall takes a select few civic services currently offered by the small-scale city hall of Santa Cruz and transfers them to the new project. Such services include public records request and government employee services. Town Hall also houses the mayor’s office as well as the spaces required for meetings of the city council. The success of the project hangs on whether the program entices use of the facility beyond the civic services it provides. Town Hall is an opportunity for locals to interact with their town and/or city officials. This is where programmatic elements such as open and closed meeting spaces become relevant. Town Hall is ultimately meant to break down the notion of “temples of democracy,” in which the symbols used on legislative buildings are used over and over again. It is the appearance of the architectural symbols of a dome, rotunda, portico, and balanced houses that unite to impart liberty, but simultaneously serve as architectural symbols of American democracy (Hitchcock, 1976). Town Hall explores how ideals of democracy and liberty can be upheld without the allencompassing use of such architectural symbolism and ultimately become a town center, civic center, and town hall, all encompassed in one umbrella of a concept. Town Hall presents an intriguing opportunity to

blend town history and standing with a contemporary expansion or renovation. As the precedents presented later in this proposal illustrate, it is indeed possible to establish a new building typology through the synthesis of the old and new. This is why Town Hall seeks to explore site options ingrained in town history. As stated,“medium road” is preferable because the chosen building would allow for much more changeability than a “high road” option. A “high road” option may hinder efforts to establish a connection between the old and the new. Because both the exterior and interior of municipal buildings often engage neoclassical details, the design of Town Hall aims to reconstruct these traditional images into something ideologically, physically, and emotionally accessible. The intention is to usher in a new stylistic language, while utilizing a “medium road” or “high road” building. Town Hall possesses ties to a historical context in order to adequately connect with the surrounding community. In addition, the medium road site context means adaptive reuse, thereby establishing the beginning of a commitment to issues of sustainability. The project spans a multi-floored and/or multi-building renovation. In addition, the ideal locale for Town Hall is a town or small city, so that the facility is able to serve as many citizens as possible. Santa Cruz, California was chosen as the location for Town Hall because it is a small city of about 62,000 people. Upon examining the building size of various town and city halls in conjunction with the populations they serve, Santa Cruz’s population of 62,000 residents is proportional to a building size of some 30,000 square feet. In addition, Santa Cruz does not have a dedicated city hall or town hall. Municipal services are scattered throughout the downtown area, and none of these services feature community-minded interior spaces. The closest structure to a city hall is the city clerk’s office, which is currently housed in a single story U-shaped building with a courtyard. Style wise, the building is Mission Revival, as evidenced by arched colonnades and a terracotta-tiled roof. In addition, the building has no real presence. It looks more like a collection of retail outlets than a municipal building. 4

Hierarchically, the most important investigations of this project are the building choice and the stylistic identity given to the building choice during the design process. It is important for the building to signify that it houses municipal functions, but it is also necessary for the building to be welcoming to the public. This identity must be evident on both the exterior and interior of the building. Also important are the spatial linkages and functional linkages between public and private spaces. The term “private office” often means that public visibility is nonexistent. Town Hall challenges this notion by exploring how public and private spaces/ rooms/areas can be synthesized to create one single town identity. After proposing two potential sites for Town Hall, the site at 840 N Branciforte Avenue was selected as the most appropriate and opportune site for this project. While each of the two sites are ingrained in the historical fabric of Santa Cruz, the Branciforte Grammar School provided an ideal location as well as more potential for changeability. Branciforte Grammar School is located within proximity to the downtown area, which is populated with other buildings serving municipal functions. The site is a former elementary school and features several neoclassical characteristics. Branciforte Grammar School presents the opportunity to root Town Hall in the historical framework of Santa Cruz, but also presents the opportunity to bridge this historical context with contemporary design features. The approximate size of Town Hall is 30,100 square feet – comprising both the interior space of the existing building and the interior space created by an addition. The proposed site for Town Hall is a threestory “high road” building and is steadfastly ingrained in the architectural history of Santa Cruz. The building presents the opportunity for renovation because while the interior and exterior features adhere to its exterior style, refurbishment is needed. However, the site is well positioned for the overflow of interior space into exterior space and presents the opportunity for Town Hall to be viewed from 3-4 sides. The building is thus highly conspicuous to passers-by and supports the project investigation of visibility. Santa Cruz Town Hall is conceived of as a means of creating a community

inclusive civic institution. The project is ultimately an exploration of the joining of the old and current form of governance with a new, forward thinking municipal presence. Santa Cruz Town Hall is a product of the new and the old, both ideologically and architecturally. In the ideological realm is the notion that the past, present, and future of the city can combine under the auspices of one building through the introduction of programmatic elements that cater to a combination of community usage as well as use by civic officials. Architecturally, the existing structure of the old building is highlighted by a new addition to the building off of the east façade.This new addition represents the present and future of the city, while the existing building represents the character and history of the city. Town Hall then becomes a means of establishing a link between the strength and resilience of the existing neoclassical symbols, with the progressive and innovative nature of the city as it is today. The two structures are joined to be emblematic of an awareness of the passing between old and new, and past and future. Users quite literally pass through the openings of the existing building to reach the addition. The intention is to make users conscious of their route and path of travel throughout the building by making the connection obvious. Thus, the entire east façade of the building is visible when this passage is made. Users then pass through the uppermost level via the symbolism of a bridge – the idea of establishing a connection between two dissimilar entities. Above these connections is a strip of continuous skylights, further highlighting the connection between old and new as well as the façade of the existing building. Santa Cruz Town Hall is ultimately an exploration in how to unite past, present, and future. It is about creating these linkages both ideologically and architecturally. Furthermore, Town Hall is about establishing a community space, one in which the public feels welcome, rather than deterred from entering. It is a inclusive place, meant to encourage public discourse, debate, and interaction. It is not strictly a community center, but rather a civic community center. l 5

INVESTIGATIVE QUESTIONS TOPICAL ISSUE: BUILDING SEMIOTICS Investigation: Break down the inherent symbolism and semantic qualities of power and authority in government buildings -Infuse this new civic institution with elements of inclusion, access, and community togetherness -Uphold the auspices of government authority, but do so in a novel manner -Promote political efficacy through material intervention Solutions: -Design an addition to the building to emphasize the modernity of this governing institution -Direct circulation through the existing façade of the building to signify the connection between past and future TOPICAL ISSUE: HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE Investigation: Uphold the integrity and historical value of the existing building -Building integrity speaks to the integrity of the surrounding community -Approach the building as an old institution in need of revitalization, while also acknowledging emerging ideals of modernity -Celebrate the historical nature of the building while promoting a literal and ideological push toward the future Solutions: -Retain the existing palette of materials, while also using such materials in a novel way -Retain each of the existing facades of the building, while introducing a new fronting façade on the proposed addition TOPICAL ISSUE: VISIBILITY Investigation: Establish literal and physical transparency -At the site level, take advantage of the building’s corner location to promote the visibility of the new program -At the building level, establish simple wayfinding -Provide easy access to building services -Break down barriers to civic officials, and allow both governing and community spaces to be easily seen and accessed

Solutions: -Place important building services/offices with high traffic on the lower level of the building -Introduce a simple volumetric means of wayfinding -Place main gathering spaces at the center of the plan to increase visibility and simplify wayfinding -Ensure that these main gathering spaces are hierarchically most important -Utilize materials that are either physically transparent or transparent in meaning TOPICAL ISSUE: ACCESSIBILITY Investigation: Emphasize accessibility and inclusive design -Absolve the building of its non-accessible design flaws -Provide an accessible entrance(s) on the ground level that accesses the lower level via a ramp -Design new entrances to be architecturally significant and formally different than the existing west façade middle level entrance Solutions: -Design an axis on which both building entries are oriented -Introduce ramps in the hardscape that call attention to the newly established building entrances -Provide two elevators and ample corridor widths TOPICAL ISSUE: ADAPTIVE REUSE Investigation: Promote sustainability and green issues through adaptive reuse -Optimize the use of the existing building by preserving the existing material palette -Take advantage of the existing exterior glazing to provide daylight to the interior -Address heating and cooling issues of existing building as well as the addition Solutions: -Design the new eastern façade to feature appropriate levels of glazing for heating and cooling purposes -Retain existing rough window openings that have been boarded up and reintroduce glazing -Ensure that any new materials introduced are inherently sustainable. l 6

FINAL DESIGN PRESENTATION

SANTA CRUZ TOWN HALL

PLANS

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016 | PROF. KYUHO AHN | IARC 589

B MAYOR'S OFFICE

DN OPEN TO BELOW

OPEN TO BELOW

ARCHIVE

FLOOR AREA: 700 SF

ENTRY/LOBBY

USERS: Civic services staff, archive staff, administration staff, public visitors

USERS: The general public, civic representatives, Town Hall support staff

ADJACENCIES: Impromptu meeting spaces, civic services office, entry

ADJACENCIES: Circulation (atrium), restrooms, various meeting spaces, civic services

ACTIVITIES: The primary purpose of the archive is to preserve and store important city texts, documents, images, and artifacts. The space also serves as a quiet place of study and research.

ACTIVITIES: The entry area accommodates small receptions or events. It also serves as a welcoming space, inviting the public to explore town hall. The entry is an area that features a variety of soft seating to encourage visitors to sit, converse, and stay for awhile.

QUALITY OF SPACE: The archive pays particular mind to the inclusion of harmful light sources and as such, shading devices and/or baffles must be employed to create an environment in which light is diffused rather than direct. As such, the archive is characterized by an even glow, highlighting the large open space. The space uses relatively neutral tones, allowing the artifacts to be the primary conveyors of color. FF&E: Tables, chairs, display cases/tables, computers/ monitors, printer, front desk LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials, control light to preserve contents of archive ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: Although the space will be visible to the public, it requires a means of security at the entry to prevent the public from freely walking among sensitive artifacts.

officials/

QUALITY OF SPACE: The town forum is designed to be warm and welcoming. There is no air of exclusion present, and material considerations maximize the idea of transparency. The space emphasizes the use of neutral materials with color introduced in the furniture of the space. This allows for a neutral backdrop for events. FF&E: Movable chairs or fixed seating for 130, extra stackable seating, whiteboards, AV hookups, screen, projector, speakers, wifi LIGHTING: Special secondary statement fixtures, non-glare primary lighting, access to daylight via toplighting HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces, acoustic wall treatments FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment, colorful feature surface SPECIAL NEEDS: Consider the size of the space and how sound may travel through it by choosing materials with appropriate reverberation times 34

LONG PROGRAM FLOOR AREA: 1,500 SF

EXHIBIT HALL

IMPROMPTU MEETING

FLOOR AREA: 200 SF (QTY. 5)

USERS: The general public, Town Hall support staff, civic officials

USERS: The general public, civic representatives, Town Hall support staff

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, meeting spaces

ADJACENCIES: Archive, exhibit hall, gathering spaces

ACTIVITIES: The exhibit hall provides display space for a rotating gallery of local artwork and/or town artifacts. This is a means of inviting the local public of all ages to explore the building. The exhibit hall also serves as a secondary event space. It ultimately promotes the exchange of cultural ideas. QUALITY OF SPACE: The exhibit hall is a blank canvas. It is located in the new section of the building, offering the idea that the arts and culture transcend history. Visitors walk through the openings of the old building and into the new, celebrating the transition of past to future through exposure to cultural programs. FF&E: Computer/monitor, speakers, wifi, movable partitions and display tables LIGHTING: Special secondary statement fixtures, dimmable non-glare primary lighting, access to diffused daylight HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, hard surfaces for the display of exhibit materials SPECIAL NEEDS: Consideration of the quality of light entering the space - artwork/artifacts must be preserved

officials/

ACTIVITIES: Impromptu meeting spaces play host to small meetings of 1-4 persons. The spaces serve to promote collaboration between civic officials and citizens. The public and civic representatives alike use these spaces to debrief after town hall meetings or meetings of the city council. These spaces are informal, but tucked away from the main circulation, allowing for quiet conversations. QUALITY OF SPACE: The impromptu meeting spaces are casual to promote ease of discourse.They are quiet, comfortable seating areas, inserted into nooks to promote privacy. The spaces are neutral zones, and are designed to be intimate and inviting. FF&E: Soft seating (sofas, chairs, or banquettes), low tables, wifi LIGHTING: Dimmable electric lighting to support both intimate evening gatherings and daytime informal gatherings HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor, wall, and ceiling surfaces; removed from main circulation to allow for private conversations FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: Remove these spaces from busy corridors to promote quietude

LONG PROGRAM FLOOR AREA: 1,500 SF USERS: The general public, civic representatives, Town Hall support staff

CAFÉ officials/

ATRIUM CIRCULATION

FLOOR AREA: 1,400 SF

USERS: The general public, civic representatives, Town Hall support staff

officials/

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, lobby, reception space, restrooms

ADJACENCIES: Civic services, mayor’s office, lobby, council chamber, town forum, restrooms

ACTIVITIES: The café serves as a gathering space for visitors and civic officials. It’s informal nature caters to small to medium sized gatherings. It is a space to drink coffee and tea as well as to eat lunch with coworkers. In addition, the café serves as a support space for any events held in Town Hall. The space ultimately promotes interaction between the public and civic officials.

ACTIVITIES: The atrium circulation serves as an open three-story height space off of the entry. It is an area where users of all types may interact with one another in passing. The atrium also serves as a continuation of event space, as it is connected to the entry and café.

QUALITY OF SPACE: The café is an informal dining area. Its mood is open, inviting, and comfortable. It’s location with the entry space of Town Hall makes it highly visible and accessible to all. FF&E: Tables of various sizes, chairs, soft seating options, cold cases, microwave, stove, sink, oven LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting, secondary dimmable special fixtures; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing

QUALITY OF SPACE: The atrium is open and inviting. It is light and bright with an emphasis on visual stimulation through the use of color in both artwork and material choices. It embodies the collective bright spirit of Town Hall. FF&E: Wifi, speakers, comfortable seating LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting; access to daylight via exterior wall glazing HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials, consider light levels carefully

HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials

ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor, ceiling, and wall surfaces

ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces

FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment, inviting use of color

FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: Consider the size of the space and how sound may travel through it by choosing materials with appropriate reverberation times

SPECIAL NEEDS: Consider the size of the space and how sound may travel through it by choosing materials with appropriate reverberation times

LONG PROGRAM GROUP MEETING

CIVIC SERVICES OFFICE

FLOOR AREA: 800 SF (QTY. 2)

FLOOR AREA: 3,000 SF

USERS: The general public, Town Hall support staff, civic officials

USERS: The general public, government employees

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, lobby, restrooms, town forum ACTIVITIES: The group meeting rooms are smaller meeting environments open for use by the public and the various offices withing Town Hall. Events that may take place in these rooms include city sponsored meetings or forums or public sponsored forums regarding current issues/concerns. These rooms allow for lively debate of citywide issues/concerns. QUALITY OF SPACE: The group meeting rooms are enclosed spaces, but visible to the public through transparent partition materials. The rooms are comfortable and bright, and encourage interaction and collaboration. Modular tables and movable chairs allow for ease of adjustment. FF&E: Movable chairs/tables, whiteboards, AV hookups, screen, projector, speakers, wifi LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, flooring surfaces that promote the easy movement of furniture

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, restrooms, lobby, archive ACTIVITIES: The civic services office is home to the planning department and human resources office. Users have the opportunity to meet in a variety of gathering spaces, both informal and formal. Visitors may request records or file employment paperwork, among other things. QUALITY OF SPACE: The civic services office is an open office environment, with sit lines throughout. Visitors obtain service by visiting a counter. FF&E: Service counters/desks, fixed and movable seating, wifi, projectors/screens for meeting rooms LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: Although this is an open office environment, there will need to be a mode of separation between the service counters and meeting spaces for privacy and security.

SPECIAL NEEDS: N/A

LONG PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION OFFICE

RESTROOMS

FLOOR AREA: 800 SF (QTY. 2)

FLOOR AREA: 3,000 SF

USERS: Town Hall support staff

USERS: The general public, civic officials, Town Hall support staff

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, lobby ACTIVITIES: The administration office supports the admin staff of Town Hall. Daily operations of Town Hall occur here, with staff managing meetings and the overall functioning of the facility. QUALITY OF SPACE: The administration office is light and airy. It is visible from the main circulation and inviting to visitors with meetings. The office is an informal environment, with interaction between the admin employees encouraged. FF&E: Desks, chairs, small meeting table, wifi LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment. SPECIAL NEEDS: N/A

ADJACENCIES: Circulation, lobby, large gathering places ACTIVITIES: Aside from traditional restroom services, the restrooms in Town Hall provide a lounge for nursing mothers. A family restroom is a also included. QUALITY OF SPACE: The restrooms, and specifically the lounge, is bright and inviting. It is a private and comfortable space. FF&E: Soft seating, changing table, speakers, sinks, toilets, partitions, mirrors LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: The placement of the nursing lounge is essential as to provide privacy.

LONG PROGRAM MAYOR’S OFFICE

CITY COUNCIL OFFICE

FLOOR AREA: 2,000 SF

FLOOR AREA: 2,500 SF

USERS: Mayor of Santa Cruz, Vice Mayor of Santa Cruz, support staff, general public

USERS: City Council members, City Council support staff, government related visitors

ADJACENCIES: Council office, copy/output, lobby, restrooms

ADJACENCIES: Mayor’s office, copy/output, lobby, restrooms

ACTIVITIES: The Mayor’s Office is a space for day to day operations. Activities include phone calls, small meetings, and interfacing between the mayor and the public. There are accommodations for various types of activity, both quiet and collaborative.

ACTIVITIES: The City Council office comprises the day to day operations of the City Council and its support staff. Activities include phone calls, small and medium sized meetings, and interfacing between council members and visiting civic officials. There are accommodations for various types of activity, both quiet and collaborative.

QUALITY OF SPACE: The Mayor’s Office is a bright and inviting space. It is welcoming to both visitors and staff. The office promotes interaction and collaboration via and open desking environment. Daylight is ample and the office is highly visible from the main circulation. FF&E: Desks for mayor and support staff, small meeting table, task chairs, computers/monitors, whiteboard, speakers, wifi LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing

QUALITY OF SPACE: The City Council Office is a bright and inviting space. It is welcoming to dignitaries of all types as well as the council support staff. The office promotes interaction and collaboration, but is also designed to ensure that work can be done in a quiet, sound-controlled environment. The office is highly visible from the main circulation. FF&E: Desks for council members and support staff, meeting tables, task chairs, computers/monitors, whiteboard, speakers, wifi

HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials

LIGHTING: Even, non-glare electric lighting with the addition of task lighting; access to daylight via overhead or exterior wall glazing

ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces

HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY: Utilize low to no VOC paints and materials

FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, flooring surfaces that promote the easy movement of furniture

ACOUSTICS: Sound absorbing floor and ceiling surfaces

SPECIAL NEEDS: The Mayor’s Office must be visible, but secure to control sound and entry.

FINISH/MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS: Soft surfaces to absorb sound, warm tones to establish a comfortable environment SPECIAL NEEDS: The Mayor’s Office must be visible, but secure to control sound and entry. l 39

PROGRAM DIAGRAM

SANTA CRUZ TOWN HALL

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PROGRAM DIAGRAM

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City Cou ncil Offic e

TRANSPARENCY ACES E SP T A IV PR

Exhibition

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Civic Ser v ices

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PUBLIC/PRIVATE OVE RLA P

30,120 SF

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND | COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016

ADJACENCY DIAGRAM

ADJACENCY MATRIX

SANTA CRUZ TOWN HALL

COUNCIL CHAMBER TOWN FORUM RECEPTION HALL ARCHIVE LOBBY EXHIBITION IMPROMPTU MEETING CAFÉ GROUP MEETING CIVIC SERVICES ADMIN OFFICE

RESTROOMS MAYOR’S OFFICE

CITY COUNCIL OFFICE NEXT TO AWAY FROM NEAR NOT NECESSARY

USER SCENARIOS

NORMAN CALDER: 70-YEAR-OLD RETIREE, MARTHA COLLISON: 18-YEAR-OLD STUDENT, VISITOR EMPLOYEE Norman Calder is a recently retired 70-year-old male visiting the town of Santa Cruz, California for two weeks of July. He is originally from the Midwest, and is interested in purchasing a summer home in Santa Cruz, as he believes the town is an ideal locale for retirement. Norman is interested in learning more about the history of Santa Cruz, as well as community events and happenings. He is particularly interested in looking up property records in the area, as he had a relative who lived in Santa Cruz in the late 1800s. Norman has been speaking about his potential move to Santa Cruz with the barista at his favorite coffee shop. The barista suggests visiting Town Hall. Norman ventures to Town Hall prior to his departure from Santa Cruz and finds that the facility is able to answer all of his questions. Upon entry, Norman encounters the lobby and inquires with the receptionist. Here he gathers information about upcoming community events and takes a walk through an exhibit featuring a local sculpture artist. Norman then comes upon Town Hall’s archive, and takes a gander through historical images. Here, he learns about the history of the house where his ancestor lived and then ventures to the civic services wing to inquire about the property records of his relative’s house.

Martha Collison is a 18-year-old female employee of Town Hall. She works as a receptionist after school two days a week as well as on the weekends. Martha works in the lobby area of Town Hall answering the telephone as well as in person visitor questions. On occasion, she assists the mayor’s office with preparing the council chamber for weekly meetings. Martha grew up in Santa Cruz and is very involved in her community. She hopes to study political science in college and would one day like to hold civic office. She enjoys attending community functions such as monthly town meetings. She is particularly interested in the saga surrounding the development of a site that currently possesses an abandoned historical hotel. She attends special meetings for this issue in the Town Forum. The mayor, who has an office in the building, often lets Martha sit in on city council meetings in the facility’s council chamber. When the large reception hall is rented out for events, Martha often helps to direct attendees to the proper locale. Martha views her work at Town Hall as a learning experience, and one that she can include on her college applications.

USER SCENARIOS

PAUL HOLLAND: 45-YEAR-OLD SMALL BUSINESS OWNER Paul Holland has spent his entire life in Santa Cruz. He grew up here, attended college here, and now owns a small bed and breakfast here. Because California is experiencing a sever drought, Paul is gravely concerned about the water usage restrictions that have been imposed upon his business and is worried that such restrictions will prevent guests from staying at his inn. Paul received the notice about water restrictions via mail and noticed that there was a flier included with information about an upcoming meeting for small business owners in the county. Paul attends this meeting, which takes place at Town Hall. He is directed toward the Town Forum and notices that the furniture is composed in a peripheral arrangement, so that all attendees face one another. Present at this meeting are other small business owners affected by water restrictions as well as two members of the town council. At this meeting, Paul converses with the other attendees and is able to express his concerns about dwindling clientele. The council members listen attentively and administer further information about water usage in the county. Although Paul is still concerned about the potential ramifications the water restrictions may bring to his business, he leaves the meeting feeling that his concerns have been heard and knows that he is not alone in his endeavor to ensure his business maintains profitability.

MARY BARROW: 29-YEAR-OLD EVENT COORDINATOR Mary Barrow is an event coordinator for a large technology firm in the nearby Silicon Valley. She is currently looking for locales along the Central Coast to host the company’s annual Christmas soiree. The party is typically a large evening affair, including a dinner and dancing. As she is researching locales, she discovers that Town Hall advertises for large receptions. She sets up a tour and discovers that the facility’s reception space supports indoor as well as outdoor receptions. She determines that this suits her spatial requirements perfectly, and books the venue on the spot. Mary is delighted that guests will be able to transition form indoors to outdoors in a seamless manner and is encouraged by the fact that Town Hall’s café kitchen supports the requirements of the catering staff she has employed. The party ensues without incident, and Mary is incredibly pleased with the venue and the friendliness of the staff at Town Hall. Upon leaving that evening, Mary thanks the staff and books the facility for the company’s shareholder weekend in the spring. l

EXISTING CONDITIONS BUILDING & SITE DESCRIPTION LOCATION: 840 N Branciforte Avenue, Santa Cruz, CA, 95062 BUILDING NAME: Branciforte Grammar School YEAR BUILT: 1914 ARCHITECT: William Weeks SITE Branciforte School is located along a relatively busy commercial corridor that leads to the nearby downtown area. Adjacent to the building are several residential neighborhoods. The building is visible from all four sides. In addition, the building is positioned on a large parcel of land, making it ideal for connection to an outdoor reception space. This also allows the building to be seen from a distance from three of its facades. It is also just a few blocks from, Highway 1, the major freeway running along coastal California. GLAZING A majority of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s glazing faces northwest and southeast. FACADE The detailing on the building is neoclassical in nature, with two large columns and a portico flanking the main entry. On the faĂ§ade, recessed square coffers delineate the floors of the building. Below the cornice is a banded frieze with notched detailing. In addition, rectangular pilasters flank the areas of the building that house the vertical circulation. The north and south facades of the building appear to contain false windows, as if glazing was once present but has since been filled in to resemble the material appearance of the rest of the building.

BUILDING HISTORY The building was constructed in 1914 on the site of what was formally Villa de Branciforte. The villa was established in 1797 and was one of the three original secular settlements in what is now California. The villa served as a pueblo of sorts and was a hybrid community populated by soldier-settlers. It served to defend Alta California against Russia, England, and France. In 1802, the settlers established a civil government by electing a mayor. In addition, the site and the surrounding coastal land was once occupied by a Native American tribe known as the Costanoans and with the establishment of the Villa, the tribe was run out of the Monterey Bay Area. In 2004, descendants of the original inhabitants returned to the site, blessed the land, and gave the school permission to use the land. The school itself celebrated its centennial last year. CURRENT USE The building is currently used as a school extension and serves as an alternative high school for the Santa Cruz Public School District. Prior to 2004, it served as an elementary school. BUILDING AND SITE SEMIOTICS The semiotic relationship of this site and building to Town Hall is strong. Because the site once served as a location for one of the first civil governments on the West Coast, the symbolism in relation to Town Hall is evident. In addition, the building now serves the community and is quite literally a cornerstone of the surrounding area. In addition, the neoclassical detailing of the building provides an opportunity to create a past and future relationship of symbolism of governance.This makes the site extremely relevant for new users, especially since the building is already often used for community meetings and public events. l

SANTA CRUZ TOWN HALL EXISTING CONDITIONS

BUILDING INFORMATION

VICINITY MAP

BRANCIFORTE GRAMMAR SCHOOL: 840 N BRANCIFORTE AVENUE, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95062

NTS

KEY

PARKING LOT

POST OFFICE

BUS STOP

GROCERY

SCHOOL

COURTHOUSE

DINING

LIBRARY

WATER STREET

WINTER SOLSTICE December 22, 9AM

SUMMER SOLSTICE June 22, 12PM

WINTER SOLSTICE December 22, 12PM

SUMMER SOLSTICE June 22, 3PM

WINTER SOLSTICE December 22, 3PM

RAN

CIF ORT

E AV

ENU

SUMMER SOLSTICE June 22, 9AM

76' - 8 1/4" 32' - 2 11/16"

32’

NTS

76' - 8 1/4" 13' - 5"

40' - 6"

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND | COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016

38' - 6 3/16"

SOLAR ORIENTATION DIAGRAMS

38' - 6 3/16"

0’ 4’ 8’ 16’

32' - 2 11/16"

25' - 3 1/16"

1/32” = 1’ - 0”

25' - 3 1/16"

SITE PLAN

13' - 5"

84' - 3 1/8"

158' - 10 3/16"

27' - 0"

158' - 11 5/16"

84' - 3 1/8"

158' - 10 3/16"

27' - 0"

158' - 11 5/16"

SANTA CRUZ TOWN HALL

BRANCIFORTE GRAMMAR SCHOOL: 840 N BRANCIFORTE AVENUE, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95062

EXISTING CONDITIONS

13' - 5" H

38' - 6 3/16"

17' - 1 1/16"

8' - 2"

13' - 2 9/16"

6 7

7 13' - 0"

13' - 1"

B 10

10 14' - 9"

36' - 0 7/8"

25' - 1 11/16"

15 7' - 5 3/16"

12' - 0 9/16"

6' - 7 7/16" 76' - 8 1/4"

76' - 8 1/4"

16’

32’

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

UPPER LEVEL PLAN 0’ 4’ 8’

16’

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

32’

25' - 3 1/16"

0’ 4’ 8’

32’

32' - 2 11/16"

38' - 6 3/16"

MIDDLE LEVEL PLAN

25' - 3 1/16"

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

16’

13' - 5"

38' - 6 3/16"

0’ 4’ 8’

32' - 2 11/16"

25' - 3 1/16"

LOWER LEVEL PLAN

13' - 5"

32' - 2 11/16"

40' - 6"

27' - 0"

158' - 11 5/16"

84' - 3 1/8"

158' - 10 3/16"

27' - 0"

158' - 11 5/16"

84' - 3 1/8"

158' - 10 3/16"

27' - 0"

158' - 11 5/16"

41' - 0"

STRUCTURAL INFORMATION UP

T.O. UPPER LEVEL FF

12' - 2 7/16"

30' - 9 11/16"

74' - 3 15/16"

T.O. MIDDLE LEVEL FF

UPPER LEVEL/ROOF A system of flat roof trusses spaced 24” on center support the roof of the center portion of the building. These trusses are integrated with concrete girders, which are 12' - 2 7/16" 30' - 9 11/16" supported by the exterior walls as well as intermittently spaces columns. The north and - 3 15/16" south wings feature74' slightly pitched trusses tied together with 2”x8” timbers.

MIDDLE LEVEL Consistent with the lower level, with the exception of two steel I-beams supporting the floor plate of the northern wing.

T.O. LOWER LEVEL FF

LOWER LEVEL

Concrete structural exterior walls support a system of concrete girders throughout the center portion of the building. Columns are arranged at intermittent points along these girders. The north and south wings consist of a single steel I-beam, wood beams, and joists, tied into the exterior walls and intermittently supported by columns concealed by interior walls.

FOUNDATION Concrete stem walls and concrete footings allow for a crawl space below grade.

STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM

NTS

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND | COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016

74'

5062

SANTA CRUZ TOWN

EXISTING CONDITIONS

HALL

BRANCIFORTE GRAMMAR SCHOOL: 840 N BRANCIFORTE AVENUE, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95062

47’-0” T.O. PARAPET

30’-4” T.O. UPPER LEVEL FF

15’-1” T.O. MIDDLE LEVEL FF -1’-0” T.O. LOWER LEVEL FF

WEST ELEVATION

SOUTH ELEVATION

1/16” = 1’ - 0” 16’

0’ 4’ 8’

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

32’

16’

0’ 4’ 8’

32’

47’-0” T.O. PARAPET

30’-4” T.O. UPPER LEVEL FF

13 13

15’-1” T.O. MIDDLE LEVEL FF -1’-0” T.O. LOWER LEVEL FF

EAST ELEVATION

NORTH ELEVATION

1/16” = 1’ - 0” 16’

0’ 4’ 8’

5 5

G G

E D

D C

0’ 4’ 8’

C B

16’

E D

D C

C B

47’-0” T.O. PARAPET

30’-4” T.O. UPPER LEVEL FF

15’-1” T.O. MIDDLE LEVEL FF

-1’-0” T.O. LOWER LEVEL FF

SECTION B

1/16” = 1’ - 0” 0’ 4’ 8’

AUDITORIUM

WEST ELEVATION

47’-0” T.O. PARAPET

32’

LIBRARY WEST

EAST ELEVATION

32’

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

16’

0’ 4’ 8’

SECTION A

1/16” = 1’ - 0”

32’

16’

32’

LIBRARY EAST

WEST PORTICO/ENTRY

CORNER PERSPECTIVE

ALEXANDRA RAYMOND | COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT 2016

03 FINAL TECHNICAL DESIGN

CODE ANALYSIS 1. ZONING: SITE’S BASE & PROJECT TYPE ZONING Public Facilities (PF) Community Facility (CF) Multiple Residence Low Rise (RL) Community Commercial PERMITTED USES IN THE ZONE(S) The proposed project of Santa Cruz Town Hall complies with the current zoning of the site at 840 N Branciforte Avenue. The site is zoned for both public facilities and community facilities, which adheres to the program of Town Hall. DESIGN REGULATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS Repairs to any portion of a historic building or structure shall be permitted with original or like materials and original methods of construction. MINIMUM BUILDING SETBACK: 0’ MAXIMUM BUILDING HEIGHT: 38’ A parapet wall may exceed the height requirements of this title by up to eighteen inches if the parapet is necessary to accommodate rooftop drainage or to provide fire protection. MAXIMUM BUILDING STORIES: 3 2. OCCUPANCIES/OCCUPANT LOAD AND CONSTRUCTION: OCCUPANCY GROUPS AND CLASSIFICATION A-2: café A-3: art galleries, community halls, lecture halls, exhibition halls, libraries A-5: Bleachers B: Civic administration TOTAL OCCUPANCY: 285 (based on Town Forum space). Due to mixed occupancy types, would have to consult with city code official to determine exact number.

MAXIMUM MEZZANINE AREA A mezzanine cannot be more than one-third of the area of the floor it is above. Not applicable for this project. 3. EGRESS AND FIRE RATING (BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND CONSTRUCTION) MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE TO AN EXIT FOR OCCUPANCY AssemblyUnsprinkled: 200’ Sprinkled: 250’ DEAD END CORRIDOR AND LENGTH LIMITS: 20’ (50’ for business classifications) A dead-end corridor shall not be limited in length where the length of the dead-end corridor is less than 2.5 times the least width of the dead-end corridor. MINIMUM EGRESS CORRIDOR WIDTH: 44” MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXITS: 3 or more per story MINIMUM CLEAR WIDTH FOR EGRESS DOORS: 32” MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO EXITS ON UPPER FLOORS 1/2 of the overall maximum diagonal of the space/ building or 1/3 if sprinkled (Town Hall is sprinkled) MINIMUM STAIRWAY WIDTH: 44” (.3 unsprinkled, .2 sprinkled, per occupant) PLACE OF REFUGE REQUIREMENTS Required for Town Hall. Buildings not requiring the use of a stairway or elevator would not need a place of refuge. COMPARTMENTALIZATION 1 hour fire resistant rating is required for smoke barriers

STAIR ENCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS Needs to be completely enclosed when it exits into a lobby. If it is less than a ten foot elevation change, it is not required to be enclosed. TYPICAL FIRE RATING FOR EXPOSED STEEL COLUMNS OR BEAMS, ENCLOSED STAIR OR DEMISING WALL 3 floors or fewer = 1 hour, fewer than 3 floors = 2 hours FIRE RATING CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS A-3,TYPE I construction (least likely to need additional fireproofing), A = unlimited and B = 160’ maximum 4. STAIRS/RAMPS/ELEVATORS MAXIMUM RISE: 4” minimum, 7” maximum MINIMUM RUN: 11” HANDRAIL HEIGHT: 34”-38” HANDRAIL EXTENSIONS: 1’ GUARDRAIL REQUIREMENT For a drop of 30” or more (guardrail must be 42” high) ADA RAMP RISE TO RUN RATIO: 1:12 HEAD HEIGHT CLEARANCE FOR STAIRS: 80” LANDING REQUIREMENTS: Need a landing for every 12 foot change in elevation. The width of the stair determines the minimum landing dimension (must be at least as long as the stair is wide). ELEVATOR TYPES: Passenger

6. ACCESSIBILITY DOOR AND EXIT CLEAR FLOOR SPACE: 32” width and 48” depth of free space at doors/exits REQUIRED CLEAR FLOOR SPACE NEEDED FOR DOOR SWINGS 32” with the door open 90 degrees, measured from the face of the door and the opposite stop FRONT APPROACHES - PULL SIDE & PUSH SIDE DIMENSIONS: 18” pull, 60” clear floor space for approach and 12” for push, 48” clear floor space for approach HINGE SIDE APPROACHES - PULL SIDE & PUSH SIDES 22” from hinge, 42” clear floor space for the approach LATCH SIDE APPROACHES - PULL SIDE & PUSH SIDE 24” from latch, 42” clear floor space for approach PROTRUDING OBJECTS Cannot protrude further than 4” into the space, unless they are mounted above 7’ high. Water fountains and fire extinguishers are examples of objects that need to be placed in a position that is up to code. PLUMBING CLEAR FLOOR SPACE Lavatories: Clear floor 30” (width) x 40: (length) Height: 27” clearance below, 34” maximum height Toilets: Clear floor 60” (width) x 56” (length) Centerline: 18” from wall, seat 17”-19” Urinals: Clear floor 30” (width) x 48” (length) Centerline: 18” from wall, rim 17” l

ELEVATOR AS A MEANS OF FIRE EGRESS: No 5. PLUMBING BATHROOM FIXTURE MINIMUM COUNTS Water closets: 9 male, 9 female Lavatories: 9 Drinking fountains: 1 per 500 people 50

BUILDING SYSTEMS APPROACH Due to the fact that the existing building is over one hundred years old, the existing building systems must be substantially altered to meet code and accessibility requirements. Firstly, two elevators were added to meet accessibility and functional requirements. Two new entrances were also added at the lower level, as the existing building does not provide accessible entry at any of its three levels. These entrances meant developing new structures to juxtapose the condition of the existing building. The new entrances ensure that the building is accessible to all while avoiding a structural intervention along the load bearing exterior walls of the existing building. STRUCTURE As Town Hall is an adaptive reuse project, it makes use of the existing structure in the old building. The structure is a combination of wood and concrete members, wood columns, and wood trusses. This structure is altered at moments in the plan in which double or triple height spaces are created. In a real world situation, a structural engineer would be consulted to ensure that the structural strategy is carried out successfully. MECHANICAL In terms of mechanical systems, the existing buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mechanical units are located on the roof. The adaptive reuse of the building maintains the location of these units, while altering the organization of the HVAC ductwork according to the new organization of the interior. A mechanical shaft has been designed, adjacent to the elevators in plan, to allow for HVAC to be carried across the entirety of each of the floor

plates. The ductwork is oriented through the plenum and below the existing structure of the building. PLUMBING The location of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s existing restrooms was not ideal for the stacking of restrooms throughout the three floors. In addition, restrooms were only located on the first floor. As such, the restrooms were relocated to the northwest corner of building in a portion of the plan where they could be stacked for efficiency. The male, female, and family restrooms on each floor share a plumbing wall. CEILINGS/LIGHTING The ceilings in the building work in tandem with the mechanical and lighting systems. The ceilings are suspended to allow for the ductwork to pass through, and are also integrated with supply and return vents and lighting.The lighting in the building is a combination of recessed and surface mounted fixtures, with the addition of pendants to define specific spaces. However, the lighting fixtures are limited to very few types to allow for visual consistency and appropriate lighting levels. CODE IMPLEMENTATION The project adheres to accessibility and egress/fire code. Two enclosed, fire-rated stairways are provided on opposite ends of the building.The second and third levels of these stairways each provide areas of refuge. All primary corridors are designed accommodate the passing of two wheelchairs. l

FF&E SPECIFICATIONS The selection of fixtures, furniture, and equipment for Town Hall reflects the ideological foundations of the project. Above all, the functionality of the space is key. The combination of parts must suit use for the public at large, as well as the civic officials who use the building on a daily basis. The furniture type selections are varied to allow for a variety of user groups and functions. Furniture selections also allow for maximum flexibility of use, insuring that the overarching goal of community togetherness is amply supported. This is evident in spaces such as the systems furniture of the civic offices as well as the movable benches of the town forum.

and new parts of the building are demarcated by original materials found in the building, such as wood and brass.

Also inherent to the foundational design of Town Hall is the notion of building semiotics, in that there is significant meaning in the distinction between old and new parts of the project. The material selection, in conjunction with furniture and fixtures, celebrate the distinction between the two parts. Separate, but similar materials define each of the parts of this new building, calling attention to the transition and thresholds present. The thresholds between the old

In addition, the lighting fixtures in Town Hall call attention to aspects of wayfinding. Cove lighting highlights the circuitous corridor route on all three floors. In addition, surface mounted ceiling luminaires call attention to the wayfinding route throughout the building. The lighting contributes to the overall aesthetic nature of the building, highlighting the natural wood tones and colors used throughout. l

Environmental factors also come into play with the selection of fixtures, furniture, and equipment. It is essential that the FF&E contribute to and enhance the health, safety, and wellness of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s users. Thus, a selection of environmentally sustainable materials is key. Not only does this create a healthy environment, but it also reflects the design investigation of adaptive reuse, and in turn reflects the sustainable attitudes intrinsic to the culture of Santa Cruz.

FF&E SPECIFICATIONS PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Birch ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Café, primary circulation, town forum, council chamber MANUFACTURER: Pioneer Millworks SIZE/DIMENSIONS: 3/4” thickness, 6” width, 2’-12’ lengths FINISH: Prefinished Class A Flame Retardant, tung oil AESTHETIC INTENTION: Light wood, warm, natural FUNCTION: Flooring, railings, acoustic wood slatting ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: Reclaimed, FSC Certified, LEED eligible LIFE-CYCLE COST: Made in the USA, sawdust repurposed, factories solar powered DURABILITY: Hardness and durability similar to other hardwoods INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Prefinished, wood slatting requires furring strips MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Clean spills, broom clean CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: Prefinished Class A Flame Retardant finish

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Cato, 51 Yellow, H800/51 ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Town Forum, Council Chamber MANUFACTURER: Knoll Textiles SIZE/DIMENSIONS: 54” width FINISH: N/A AESTHETIC INTENTION: Warm, colorful, tactile FUNCTION: Upholstery ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: 86% wool, rapidly renewable, GREENGUARD Certified, LEED eligible LIFE-CYCLE COST: Rapidly renewable DURABILITY: 100,00+ double rubs, Martindale Method INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Railroaded for Knoll furniture applications MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Solvent based cleaning agent CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: Cal 117 - 2013 Section 1 flame resistance

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Modo ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Town Forum, interstitial seating MANUFACTURER: Davis Furniture SIZE/DIMENSIONS: 60” x 24” FINISH: Chrome glides, custom upholstery AESTHETIC INTENTION: Soft, comfortable, linear FUNCTION: Seating ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: SCS Certificate Gold, ANSI/BIFMA Furniture Sustainability Standard LIFE-CYCLE COST: Davis uses Triple Bottom Line approach DURABILITY: Durable, movable INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Felt glides MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: N/A CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: Upholstery is Cal 117 2013 Section 1 flame resistance

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Aeron Chair ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Council Chamber, offices MANUFACTURER: Herman Miller SIZE/DIMENSIONS: Varies according to size & user (A,B,C) FINISH: Pellicle classic, zinc AESTHETIC INTENTION: Soft, performance work chair, clean lines, variety of finishes FUNCTION: Seating ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: Recyclable, GREENGUARD Gold LIFE-CYCLE COST: Cradle to Cradle Silver DURABILITY: Durable, movable, upholstery: Wyzenbeek, 200,000 double rubs INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: N/A MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Clean immediately with warm water, do not use solvents CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: CA TB 117, NFPA 260 54

FF&E SPECIFICATIONS

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: 686 Enzian ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Civic services counters, meeting rooms MANUFACTURER: FilzFelt SIZE/DIMENSIONS: 3mm thickness, 70 3/4” wide FINISH: N/A AESTHETIC INTENTION: Warm, tactile, colorful FUNCTION: Acoustic partitions, wall panels ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: LEED eligible, VOC free, 100% biodegradable LIFE-CYCLE COST: Rapidly renewable materials DURABILITY: Depends on application, ASTM 4966 (Martindale Method) INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: N/A MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Vacuum occasionally, clean with a mild, water-free dry cleaning solvent CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: ASTM E 84 Class A, CAL 117

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Natura, Frostine ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Majority of spaces MANUFACTURER: Benjamin Moore SIZE/DIMENSIONS: N/A FINISH: Eggshell AESTHETIC INTENTION: Bright, inviting, light reflective FUNCTION: Walls, ceiling ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: Zero voc, zero emissions, certified asthma and allergy friendly, Benjamin Moore Green Promise designation LIFE-CYCLE COST: Company commitment to CO2 emission reduction and stewardship of resources DURABILITY: Provides durable, washable, film INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Self priming on most surfaces, one hour recoat MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Clean with soap and water CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: Zero VOC emissions via EPA method 24

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Portfolio 6” LED ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Hallways (circulation) MANUFACTURER: Cooper SIZE/DIMENSIONS: 7 3/4” X 11 1/2” FINISH: White AESTHETIC INTENTION: Minimal, linear, glare free FUNCTION: Electric lighting ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: Yields up to 85% energy and maintenance savings when compared to halogen lamps LIFE-CYCLE COST: Thermal performance for 70% lumen maintenance at 50,000 hours DURABILITY: Socket venting ensures maximum lamp life and lumen output INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Surface mount MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Lamp easily replaced CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: UL listed, CLA certified

PRODUCT NAME/ITEM/STYLE NUMBER: Soundscapes Blades ROOM/SPACE LOCATION: Triple height vertical circulation MANUFACTURER: Armstrong SIZE/DIMENSIONS: Varies FINISH: White AESTHETIC INTENTION: Minimal, linear, glare free FUNCTION: Acoustic baffles ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT: LEED eligible, acoustic absorption qualities LIFE-CYCLE COST: Recycled content DURABILITY: Washable, light impact resistant, scratch resistant INSTALLATION SPECIFIC NEEDS: Individual suspension MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS: Washable, soil repellent CODE REQUIREMENTS/COMPLIANCE: Class A fire rated, acoustic absorption

04 DESIGN PROCESS

EARLY SCHEMATIC DESIGN PARTI 1

PARTI 2

PARTI 3

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS

FIRST QUARTER REVIEW SCHEME A

LOWER LEVEL

MIDDLE LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL

SECTION

MODEL

ENTRY PERSPECTIVE 60

SCHEME B

LOWER LEVEL

MIDDLE LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL

SECTION

MODEL

ENTRY PERSPECTIVE 61

SCHEME C

LOWER LEVEL

MIDDLE LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL

SECTION

MODEL

ENTRY PERSPECTIVE 62

REFLECTION

The three schemes I presented for the midterm have attributes and faults. I will need to of course address code issues, particularly in regard to egress. However, from a schematic design perspective, I attempted to organize each of my schemes around a different mode of circulation. The overarching theme between each of the schemes was to establish an ideological and architectural connection between past, present, and future. I discussed this with each of my reviewers and they both had different thoughts in regard to this theme. Overall, it was thought that simply an addition/expansion of the building that possesses contemporary character does not suffice in achieving this goal. In order to staunchly establish the connection between past and future, it may be necessary to think of a contemporary addition as an additive entity rather than an integrative entity. It may be an addition that nestles into the existing building but does not touch it, as to create a very clear contrast between buildings and between past and future. Any addition to the building must be removable, adhering the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s historical status. It may be beneficial to treat an extension as a separate structure of sorts, in order to preserve all facades of the original building.

I also discussed the classical nature of the building with my reviewers. I mentioned that I was not keen on a classical plan characterized by symmetry. However, according to my reviewers, a classical plan may indeed be beneficial. Firstly, it would respect the historic nature of the building, and may also aid wayfinding. My concern was that a somewhat symmetrical plan would detract from the all-inclusive nature of my project. But my reviewers remarked that the excitement of the project would emerge in the details of the project. It is the detail established through shape and form, as well as a consistency of detailing, which will help to give my project life. While the plan itself may be classical in nature, it is the design of the rooms and spaces themselves that will take on new form and meaning. For example, the council chamber may not adhere to tradition in terms of the arrangement of tables and chairs. In addition, the town forum format I presented in Scheme 2 does not need to take the shape of a traditional forum. It may want to be designed in an inclusive manner, one that does not direct its attention to a stage of sorts. The challenge then, will be how to design a forum that is inclusive, but also multipurpose.

In terms of materials and color and the use of each to establish a tone within the project, my reviewers had interesting insight. The use of color sparingly and strategically will allow the colors I choose to evoke both feelings of authority and acceptance. In addition, the use of natural materials and natural tones will prove to be both welcoming and changeable in the future. The use of tactile materials may also prove beneficial in my design. One of my reviewers mentioned that whatever feeling of modernity and progress I establish on the interior of the building through materials and form may also help to shape the exterior of the building. While the faรงade is not entirely changeable, it is possible to bring the language of progress and modernity to the exterior of the building. Both of my reviewers encouraged me to rebel against the traditional, or what is expected. I believe this will help to create a strong contrast between the history of the building and the progressive nature of the

program. It is essential to reinvent and rethink the arrangement of traditional spaces. Further research in innovative classroom and office design will help to bring about spatial layouts that encourage participation, productivity, progress, and ultimately, democracy. I feel that the process of schematic design thus far has helped me to imagine the spatial and expressive qualities I would like the project to convey. I realize that the design process is in its early stages at this point, so I feel like a bit more research into democratic design solutions for certain spaces and rooms will benefit my design in the long run. I need to further examine how my design can communicate that townspeople have a choice in how their government is run, that they are encouraged to participate in the running of their municipal government. This has proved, and will continue, to prove to be a challenge. However, I look forward to such a challenge and am excited to continue work on this project. l

SECOND QUARTER REVIEW SCHEME 1

LOWER LEVEL

MIDDLE LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL

SECTIONS

CIVIC SERVICES TOWN FORUM

EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

LOWER LEVEL ENTRY

PERSPECTIVES

MODEL 66

SCHEME 2

LOWER LEVEL

MIDDLE LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL 67

SECTIONS

EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

LOWER LEVEL ENTRY

COUNCIL CHAMBER

RECEPTION, SECOND LEVEL ENTRY

PERSPECTIVES

MODEL 68

REFLECTION

The half-quarter review produced valuable and interesting feedback from my reviewers.The reviewers were interested in the idea of establishing a connection between the old and the new and commented on how I might make this connection stronger. Firstly, it was suggested that I produce a stronger set of diagrams to illustrate this idea. The reviewers then suggested that the new shouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t solely exist on the exterior of the building, but rather, it should be highly evident on the interior as well. The connection might be established via a well-established threshold dividing the old from the new. To further the idea of transparency, the reviewers proposed altering the notion of a continuous glass wall, for this may unintentionally put people on display. Rather, it might be advantageous to provide unexpected views into specific spaces. This would prevent too much emphasis from being placed on the individuals using the various spaces. Because the element of hierarchy is important to the project as a whole, I will have to carefully consider this suggestion, as the community component of the program must be the most important space, and thus visibility is key.

In terms of program, the reviewers remarked that there should be more enclosed meeting spaces for meetings and interactions of various sizes. This would include large conference rooms that would accommodate twenty people, to smaller meeting rooms to accommodate five people, to even phone booths for individual use. These rooms should have room for tacking, and may be connected by crossviews. It was also suggested that I add a gender neutral and/or family restroom.The family restroom could take form as a quiet room as well. The reviewers stressed the importance of establishing a connection to water, specifically because of the location of the project. As I move forward in the development of both the interior and the exterior, I will surely consider the addition of water in some form or other. The reviewers felt that the materials palette needed to be reevaluated. It is essential to draw from local materials. In addition, one reviewer remarked that a tonal range of colors would help to create unity among the materials used in the various program elements. The material decisions will also help to define the old and the new, or unite them. l

THIRD QUARTER REVIEW

PARTI

TRANSPARENT CENTERS

CAFE UP UP

ARCHIVE

PUBLIC COPY RM. PLANNING DEPT.

SMALL MEET

SMALL MEET SMALL MEET HUMAN RESOURCES

PLANNING

FILE ST. MEETING

CIVIC SERVICES UP

MEETING

LOWER LEVEL 70

DN DN

MEETING COUNCIL CHAMBER

CONTROL

TOWN FORUM

MEETING

UP DN

ADMIN.

MIDDLE LEVEL

MAYOR'S OFFICE

CONFERENCE

EXHIBITION COPY RM.

BREAK RM.

ST.

CITY COUNCIL OFFICES CONFERENCE

ST.

UPPER LEVEL 71

SECTION A

SECTION B

SECTION C 72

PERSPECTIVES

NEW ENTRY

TOWN FORUM

PERSPECTIVES

NEW ENTRY - INTERIOR

COUNCIL CHAMBER

PERSPECTIVES

CITY COUNCIL OFFICES

CIVIC SERVICES

MODELS

MODEL - WEST FACADE

MODEL - EAST FACADE

REFLECTION

The feedback I received at the ¾ review was constructive. My reviewers discussed a variety of topics pertaining to my project. The first was the connection between the new addition and the existing building. The reviewers thought there should be more of a distinct contrast between the two elements, both in terms of materials and in form. One reviewer was adamant about returning to the idea of a fully glazed box rather than a façade punctuated by windows. This reviewer suggested a louver system to combat solar heat gain. Another reviewer thought that the entire existing east façade should be visible within the addition. At the moment, I have only two stories visible. The reviewer suggested bridging into the mayor’s office on the third floor to allow for the entire façade to be seen.This would also allow for the integration of skylights to highlight the existing façade. Along these same lines, there was a comment made by one of the reviewers that the distinction between the delicate and the crusty nature of the existing building should be made more apparent.

The reviewers remarked that while the plans are clean and logically organized, the vertical planning of the building could be improved. We discussed the possibility for double height spaces, specifically that of the town forum. The town forum, hierarchically, is the most important space of the program, as it promotes community togetherness. This space then, should feel open and airy. In addition, by allowing for a double height space, there is the opportunity to create an area for observation on the uppermost floor. Since the town forum is such an important part of the program, it then makes sense to call out the entry(s) architecturally. The reviewers mentioned that the entrance to this space should feel special and significant. In relation to this comment, it suggested that I consider raking the floors of the town forum. This presents challenges in such a small space, as it is not a dedicated theater or auditorium. I would like this space to feel flexible and multipurpose. Raking the floor would counteract this programmatic intention and would present issues of accessibility. 77

I also received feedback that the spaces on the ground floor should feel more active. Situating the archive on the ground floor, although proximal to civic services, does not promote activity and exchange. By moving the archive to the upper level, space is freed up on the lower level for exhibition and events. Additionally, the event space will then have a corner location, with the opportunity to integrate an outdoor court or sculpture garden, further promoting activity on this level.

As I progress into the latter half of term, I will need to selectively determine what feedback to integrate into the final design. In addition, I will need to develop a more consistent formal language that will serve to dictate the design details throughout the project. l

05 PROJECT RESEARCH

INTERVIEWS NAME: Kitty Piercy / Regan Watjus TITLE: Mayor of Eugene, Oregon / Mayor’s Assistant CONTACT: 125 East 8th Avenue, 2nd Floor Eugene, OR 97401 Phone: 541.682.5010 Email: kitty.piercy@ci.eugene.or.us

Q: Please describe a typical day in your office. What activities take place?

A: Two days in the Mayor and City Manager’s office

are very rarely the same. Some days are incredibly busy, with many people and employees from different departments and outside the organization coming in and out preparing for Council meetings, or CMO staff members convening and collaborating to try to resolve an issue that has come up and needs immediate attention. Some days are slower, with many employees spending much of their day in their individual offices/ work spaces, with occasional chatting in the hallway, in someone’s work space, or in the breakroom. We receive walk-ins from people with questions or complaints or letters to drop off. The City Attorney’s office is also housed with the Mayor and City Manager. They are in a separate wing of the office and consist of 9 people, a couple of whom are part-time.

What types of support spaces do daily operations in your office require? Are there any kinds of support spaces you do not currently have in your office, but would like to have?

Certainly spaces to meet are critical. This can range from a 20 person meeting room that has A/V capabilities all the way down to hallways wide enough for staff to have informal conversations. Our space also requires a sitting/waiting area for the public (which we have), a breakroom (which we have, but could be a little more away from offices so as not to be disruptive to people working), and a copy/document production space (which we have). Currently we are in a longterm temporary space inside the Lane County Public Service Building. However, as we look at our space

DATE: 2.4.16.

TIME: 10:00 AM

needs and the design of the new City Hall, there are support spaces we are looking to add. More informal spaces where staff can casually gather with other staff or quietly work in an environment separate from their desk is high on the list. Also high on the list is a larger kitchen/flexible meeting space that recognizes that people like to gather around food and in spaces that are more like a coffee shop. We are also thinking more about the technology needed to support our work and how this relates to spaces.

Can you please estimate the number of individuals that visit your office each day?

A: Combining drop-in members of the public with

those (internal or external to the organization) who come in for scheduled meetings, I would estimate we have between 5 and 20 people visit our office every day. Fridays often see fewer people, but during other days of the week, 10 – 20 is more typical.

Q: How many staff members work in your office

on a daily basis? What are some of their basic spatial needs?

A: Generally 15 people work in our office on a daily

basis, not including the other 9 in the City Attorney’s side. Spatial needs include those described in question 2: room for each staff person’s individual workspace— both somewhat private but also accessible, private meeting spaces for small and large groups with technology capabilities, collaborative work spaces, a break area, and larger hallways for quick convening on a topic.

Do you often interact with members of the public? If so, what protocol must be followed by a member of the public prior to visiting your office (for example, security measures)?

Staff in our office, particularly our front desk staff, do interact with members of the public. We

receive a variety of drop-in customers, from those who are looking for a different department or agency and are not sure where to go, to those who would like to see if they can speak or meet with an elected official with a complaint or concern, to those who have scheduled meetings to discuss policy issues or organizational work. There are no security measures for people entering our office. We currently rent space in a building owned by Lane County, so folks walk through the building to arrive at our offices.

NOTES: Mayor Piercy was chosen as a potential interviewee because Town Hall houses the mayorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s office. Mayor Piercy provided valuable insight into the functional and spatial needs of such an office.

NAME: Paul Engels TITLE: Principal, Embassy/Consulate Design, ZGF Portland CONTACT: 1223 SW Washington Street Suite 200 Portland, Oregon 97205 Phone: 503.863. 2288 Email: paul.engels@zgf.com

Q: As you mentioned in your presentation at the

IIDA fall event, ZGF works very closely with the US State Department to develop embassy and consulate designs. In your opinion, what makes embassy design unique from other types of government-related architecture?

A: As you may be able to ascertain, there is always a push pull happening in the design of any embassy or consulate. The expression of American values and the incorporation of the host countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s influences are always integral to concept development and design of any embassy or consulate. This evocation of American values in a foreign setting marks embassy and consulate design as unique.

Q: How do you begin to approach the design

challenge of incorporating security measures in a building or buildings that must serve American civilians traveling abroad as well as embassy employees?

Generally speaking, it is of utmost importance

DATE: 1.29.16.

TIME: 3:30 PM

to provide a safe and secure workplace environment for embassy employees, while presenting an open and welcoming environment to the community in which the embassy is located. It is also important to reflect American values while incorporating local themes, when appropriate. The embassy or consulate must in itself be secure. Within that, there exists an obvious distinction between the secure private areas of the facility and the spaces that welcome visitors.

Q: How does the embassy location/site influence the design concept?

A: The site is the beginning of the design process. Since there are distinct approaches for passport seekers, commercial visitors, staff, and services, just how the building is located is of prime importance and the genesis of our initial focus. As the bulk of the people approaching any embassy are seeking visas to travel to the US, that entrance is considered to be the one that should be the most physically and visually accessible.

Q: During schematic design and design development, do you and your team factor in the perception of the embassy to U.S. citizens abroad as well as the citizens of the country in which the embassy resides? How do issues of public perception influence your design process?

The cultural expression of our country is

deemed important to convey once any visitor enters the interior of the building. The State Department has a fairly robust art program that incorporates American art into all embassy projects. To give an example, Maya Lin has several pieces in the entry courtyard and the courtyard in the consulate in Istanbul. We worked closely with her to ensure optimal placement for the display of her pieces.

NOTES: Paul works primarily on US embassy and consulate design. I chose him as a potential interviewee because of the public/private nature of embassies, in that they serve employees, dignitaries, and the public. And since embassies are government buildings, Paul may have some valuable insight into designing for public perception. NAME: Victoria Smith TITLE: Special Education Teacher, Branciforte Small Schools CONTACT: 840 N Branciforte Avenue Santa Cruz, CA 95062 Phone: 408.295.0920 Email: v.smith.r@gmail.com DATE: 2.15.16

Do you enjoy working in the Branciforte Grammar School building? Do you find the historic nature of the building to be integral to the identity of the school and/or the town?

Yes, working for Branciforte Small Schools is a rewarding experience. I am a special education teacher and find that the building provides a unique backdrop for the education of my students. Currently, I am located in one of the portable classrooms behind the building. I do, however, visit the main building with my students on a daily basis to use the auditorium and library. I find that the historic nature of the building is important to the community. It is a building that people can identify with and makes the education of our students more special. There are many improvements that need to be made to the building, but the overall historic quality is very important to both teachers and students. We are proud of the building.

Do you find that there is adequate daylight present in the building? Can you allude to the acoustical qualities of the building?

TIME: 9:00 AM

The large windows on the interior of the building provide a lot of daylight for the rooms that front those windows. The main hallway of the building, on the other hand, does not receive sufficient daylight. It is dark, and mainly lit by fluorescent lights. There are interior widows along the edges of the hallways that seem to bring in some light though. Much of the building has ceiling tiles, which seem to help, but it is often loud when kids are passing through the hallways.

Are there any design features you would change to better accommodate the needs of you and your students?

It would be nice if the building was able to accommodate all of the students rather than using the portable classrooms. Since the building is composed of five small schools, we are always in need of more space. We really only have on multipurpose room, the auditorium, but this is often not sufficient to our needs. Additionally, the building feels institutional. The rooms inside of the building do not match the character of the exterior of the building. 82

Q: It appears that the building does not contain an elevator. Do you find that the building is not accessible to those with disabilities?

Certainly. The building is not accessible to people with disabilities. There are many staircases in the building and no elevators. Critical spaces,

such as bathrooms, are only accessible by stairs. So any individual who is in a wheelchair or has trouble climbing stairs, cannot visit our building. Incidentally, the main public space of our building, the auditorium, is not accessible to those with disabilities. It is a problem when the school puts on events. A school should be inclusive and welcoming to all people.

NOTES: I chose Victoria as an interviewee because she currently works at Branciforte Grammar School. I thought it would be helpful to gain an understanding of how the building is currently used as well as what its shortcomings are from a user standpoint. I believe this aided my understanding of the history and significance of the building as well as how to begin to preserve its cultural and social heritage.

NAME: Kathy Hall TITLE: Meetings and Events Manager, New Teacher Center CONTACT: 110 Cooper Street, Floor 5 Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Phone: 831.535.3915 Email: khall@newteachercenter.org

DATE: 1.28.16.

TIME: 4 PM

Q: What types of spatial allowances do you look Q: What specific amenities do you look for when for when scouting potential venues for events?

evaluating venues?

space to allow for good traffic flow, specifically the Symposium where there are 800 to 1,000 attendees moving from one Track of sessions to the next Track. It’s always easier to get a hoard of people from one location to the next when the hotel has wider hallways and more of an open space layout. It’s also a benefit to secure a venue that has meeting rooms that are separated by air curtains. This gives me more flexibility because I can utilize a smaller space or open the curtains to accommodate a larger meeting. I am also a fan of a big inviting hotel lobby. I think it provides a welcoming atmosphere, and personally I love to sit in a large lobby and people watch.

geographically situated in area where attendees can walk out the front door and have access to restaurants, shops, and public transportation. For small events, I prefer to use a venue that doesn’t charge for parking so our attendees don’t have to incur an additional charge. I prefer venues that offer complimentary wireless internet connections throughout the property; this is very important to our attendees. I look for a venue with a unique space for our Symposium reception like an atrium or foyer with the bank of window. Essentially, something to bring guests in and hold them for the duration of the event.

A: I always look for a venue that has enough open A: I am more apt to secure a venue that is physically/

On average, how many people attend your smaller events? Larger events?

1,000 people on average and all costs are absorbed by the attendee. My smallest event is approximately 80 and is an invitee only situation, meaning the cost to attend is part of a program contract.

A: For that last few years we’ve held our staff retreat

A: Our largest event during the year attracts 800-

Do you look for indoor venues as well as outdoor venues? In your opinion, how does an event benefit from a connection between indoor and outdoor spaces?

A: I do look for a venue with substantial outdoor

space, specifically for company-wide staff meetings. During these events, we want our staff members to meet and network with other staff members from across the country, and an outdoor space lends itself to this process nicely. Our staff members seem more relaxed and affable in an outdoor situation, and it helps to create a bond with others that they typically only connect with via phone calls or email exchanges.

When scouting a location, do you factor the history and cultural heritage of the building into your search? In your opinion, how might a venue with historical roots benefit an event?

at Asilomar Conference Grounds in Pacific Grove, CA. It is rich with history, starting as a YWCA camp in the early 1900s. The architect Julia Morgan later designed several of the buildings on the site. The facility is a mix of rustic and new buildings which always creates a conversation with our staff members, both good and bad. I don’t specifically look for venues with a history or storied past but it can be a bonus if we do secure this type of facility. Combining the two is the best of both worlds. Using a venue in a location that has interesting history is always a plus as well. I think using a venue with a historic background adds to the overall ambiance and creates a conversation that probably wouldn’t happen in a modern high rise. Personally I like a place with history, but frankly our attendees are always looking for modern conveniences.

NOTES: Kathy works as an event manager and coordinator for large conferences, meetings and parties across the West Coast. She provided insight into the requirements of event related spaces and well as guest preferences and needs. l

PRECEDENTS TOWN HALL, SÄYNÄTSALO ARCHITECT: Alvar Aalto LOCATION: Säynätsalo, Finland YEAR: 1951 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Town Hall Säynätsalo serves the municipality of Säynätsalo, an island in central Finland. The building is multipurpose and is composed of three stories surrounding an elevated courtyard. In the design of the building, Alto endeavored to reference the past while adhering to a modern design aesthetic. In Town Hall, Aalto drew influence from vernacular Finnish architecture as well as the architecture of the Italian Renaissance, resonated in the courtyard arrangement of the building. Upon its inception, program elements consisted of administrative offices, meeting rooms, a council chamber, public library and local shops (pharmacy and bookshop), a bank, and residential apartments. In 1973, many of the shops and apartments were converted to more office space. However, the nascent ideological intent of the building remains intact - Säynätsalo Town Hall serves the surrounding community, providing a community-centric outpost for public physical and mental well-being. Town Hall Säynätsalo is applicable to the ideological and programmatic objectives of Santa Cruz Town Hall. As in Town Hall Säynätsalo, the intent of Santa Cruz Town Hall is to provide a community-centric atmosphere through the incorporation of interior and exterior spaces. Such an atmosphere is intended to promote the social, political, and physical well-being of Santa Cruz residents.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: Town Hall Säynätsalo was designed to be intensely sensitive to its site.The building itself is situated into a wooded hillside, emulating both the physical and natural manifestation of the surrounding forest. Alto brought the outdoors in through the use of daylight and truthful materials. The materials palette is restrained, consisting mainly of brick, stone, wood, and copper. SOURCE: Weston, Richard. Town Hall, Säynätsalo: Alvar Aalto. London: Phaidon, 1993. Print.

TOWN HALL, SÄYNÄTSALO

Government offices Public/commercial space Public courtyard SPATIAL ORGANIZATION: Town Hall Säynätsalo is arranged around a second floor courtyard built into the site landscape. On two sides of the courtyard are the public spaces including the library and retail shops. The other two sides are occupied by private civic offices, meeting spaces, and at one point, private residences. Two L-shaped wings come together to create the inner courtyard. The courtyard in effect dissolves the barrier between public and private, allowing for visual transparency of government functions.

PARTI DIAGRAM: Town Hall Säynätsalo’s two L-shaped wings intertwine with the central courtyard as well as third story meeting room. In this respect, the important elements of the plan are derived from the massing of the building. The building’s highest point is crowned by the meeting room, while the space below weaves the public with private realms, as if to emphasize the importance of the collaborative relationship between the two. This relationship is evident in both plan and section.

TOWN HALL, BLOEMENDAAL ARCHITECT: NEXT Architects LOCATION: Bloemendaal, Netherlands YEAR: 2015 SQ FT: 48,400 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Town Hall Bloemendaal was conceptualized as a building that would unify the two neighboring municipalities of Bloemendaal and Bennebroek. The intent was to marry the two municipalities under one address, one facade, and one identity. The design of the town hall was based upon the extension of a preexisting neoclassical villa from 1820. This villa was renovated in 1966 and made into a municipal building for Bloemendaal. In 2011, the design process began for another renovation of this villa, this time with a contemporary expansion. The architects retained the facade of the villa, in an effort to maintain its identity. The intent was to establish a dialogue between old and new, and history and the present. The facade of the old villa remains a the ceremonial entrance to the building, while the new extension features a main entrance. At the center of the building is the Citizens’ Hall, meant for community extension. The building also features a council chamber, civic and administrative offices, various meeting spaces, as well as communal gathering spaces.The duality of meaning in the project ultimately serves to unite the two neighboring municipalities. Town Hall Bloemendaal is applicable to Santa Cruz Town Hall in that it serves to revitalize the old and incorporate contemporary meaning, materials, and working practices into the building. The symbolism inherent in the design concept of Town Hall Bloemendaal serves to inspire similar sentiments in that of Santa Cruz Town Hall. SUSTAINABILITY: As a revitalization and new construction, Town Hall Bloemendaal incorporates smart energy management, keeping environmental costs as low as possible. Recycled materials were incorporated into the project. The project also features solar panels and employs “modern working practices,” by way of reducing the amount of space needed per employee.

SOURCE: “Town Hall Bloemendaal / NEXT Architects.” ArchDaily. 2 July 2015. Web.

TOWN HALL, BLOEMENDAAL

SPATIAL ORGANIZATION: The plans for each of the four floors of Town Hall Bloemendaal all conform to a similar spatial arrangement. At the center of each plan are meeting and gathering spaces of various sizes. Radiating out from each of these gathering spaces, are individual work spaces or small group meting spaces. PARTI DIAGRAM: Essential to the plan of Town Hall Bloemendaal is the connection between the old villa and the new extension. The threshold between these two elements is quite literally a transition from old to new. However, new programmatic elements are introduced into the old, blending the two. There is an evident axial relationship, with the main axis consisting of the existing villa and centralized meeting spaces of the extension. Two minor axes are present on either side of the centralized gathering spaces, thereby creating a rhythm of work practices - from individual to small group to large group and back to individual. 88

TOWN HALL, BORSELE ARCHITECT: Atelier Kempe Thill LOCATION: Heinkenszand, Netherlands YEAR: 2014 SQ FT: 47,200 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Following the merging of 13 villages in 1970, a new town hall in Heinkenszand was constructed to serve 25,000 inhabitants. In 2009, Atelier Kempe Thill won a competition to renovate and expand the existing town hall. Financial reasons meant that a building expansion was abandoned in the design phase, leading instead to a focus on the revitalization of the old building in terms of economy, efficiency, and appearance. A tight budget prevented the architects from making changes to the structure and spatial layouts, and instead the intent became to improve existing surfaces to enhance aesthetics and function. The building was wrapped in an entirely new facade in an effort to make it appear more monumental, to “emphasize the public and representative character of the building and thus to make the building become architecture.”The architects intended to establish the building as a figurehead of the village, to ultimately improve visibility. The building features meeting rooms, reception space, and civic and administrative offices. Town Hall Borsele is relevant to Town Hall Santa Cruz in that it is an adaptive reuse project contingent upon improving public visibility of the building.This design goal is pertinent to the social and ideological aims of Santa Cruz Town Hall.

SUSTAINABILITY: As an adaptive reuse project, Town Hall Borsele utilized an existing building shell and created an entirely new space through the incorporation of increased daylight and recycled materials. In addition the facade of the building was improved and the interior revamped in order to improve energy efficiency.

SOURCE: “Town Hall Borsele / Atelier Kempe Thill.” ArchDaily. 18 January 2015. Web.

TOWN HALL, BORSELE

VOLUMETRIC HIERARCHY: The design of Town Hall Borsele possesses importance in both plan and section. It was essential to transform the town hall into an edifice that would establish visibility from all sides.The town hall possesses four main volumes, as seen in plan and section. These volumes are given a monumental quality, as they rise above the rest of the building.The central volume establishes the town hall as the metaphorical center of the surrounding village. The volumes are connected by separate wings that contain the programmatic vitality of the building - the civic and administrative offices.

PARTI DIAGRAM: The parti for Town Hall Borsele emphasizes the main axis of the building and the two minor axes of the building. Connecting each axis is the central volume and main entry to the building. And capping each axis are the building â&#x20AC;&#x153;heads,â&#x20AC;? which are meant to be easily visible from the surrounding village.

EGEDAL TOWN HALL & HEALTH CENTRE ARCHITECT: Henning Larsen Architects LOCATION: Egedal, Denmark YEAR: 2014 SQ FT: 193, 750 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Egedal Town Hall is designed to serve as a central square, ideally as a public, interior passageway for citizens. Part of the town hall complex is a health center, designed to be a village with interior courtyards, abundant green spaces, and an overall active part of the town hall. The addition of the health center means that citizens are able to use the complex outside of town hall opening hours. The health center is comprised of training and rehabilitation facilities for adults and children. Egedal Town Hall and Health Centre unites municipal buildings of Egedal that were previously located at eight different addresses. The town hall itself includes a town council hall that opens to the central square, interior and exterior event space, and administrative and civic offices. Spaces are organized around a central atrium, creating a hub of activity meant to promote civic involvement. The town hall and health center were designed to be inherently flexible, with all programmatic elements housed under one roof. Different sections of the building can be united or divided as needed, with allowances for spatial expansion as needed. Egedal Town Hall is applicable to Santa Cruz Town Hall in that it serves to promote civic involvement through community-centric activities and events. The inclusion of the health center and flexible event space promotes the use of the building by citizens outside of town hall hours. SUSTAINABILITY: Egedal Town Hall features an abundant use of daylight. Extensive daylight studies led to the design of a building geometry that inherently reduces energy consumption without the use of technology. The building also makes use of sustainable materials.

SOURCE: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Egedal Town Hall and Health Centre.â&#x20AC;? Henning Larsen Architects. 19 November 2014. Web. 91

EGEDAL TOWN HALL & HEALTH CENTRE

SPATIAL HIERARCHY: The design of Egedal Town Hall and Health Centre places community at the center of the plan. Each level permits public access in a central organization. In addition, the abundance of public space allows for the activation of an indoor/outdoor relationship, as citizens are permitted to freely use both spaces. The community-centric organization also allows for the use of the facility by the public after town hall has closed.

PARTI DIAGRAM: The parti for Egedal Town Hall is descriptive of the designâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s emphasis upon freely accessible public space. Public space is centralized throughout the building, both in plan and in volume. In addition, visual transparency is grounded in the design, allowing the public to see in, but also allowing for freedom of movement and existence between indoors and outdoors.

BRUCE C. BOLLING MUNICIPAL BUILDING ARCHITECT: Mecanoo + Sesaki Associates LOCATION: Boston, Massachusetts, USA YEAR: 2015 SQ FT: 179,700 PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building houses the offices for the Boston Public Schools (BPS) department. The design’s inception was intent upon revitalizing Dudley Square, adjacent to the building. The building is comprised of eight stories, serves 500 civil servants from BPS, and includes various offices, meeting spaces, a community center, retail space, and a publicly accessible rooftop. The building’s second floor is home to the Roxbury Innovation Center, a program aimed at community outreach. The architects envisioned their design to be a symbol of change through the creation of a space that is freely accessible to all. The building also celebrates the history of Roxbury, the Boston neighborhood in which the building resides. The building features an open layout meant to foster collaboration and transparency among employees, parents, and students.The project is an adaptive reuse of three separate buildings, which were stitched together figuratively and symbolically into one entity. The resulting facades preserve the history of one of the buildings, which is a historic landmark. The remaining facades were also restored, but convey a more modern aesthetic, thereby blending the old and the new. The Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building is applicable to Santa Cruz Town Hall in that it endeavored to blend the old with the new in a contemporary manifestation of form and space. In addition, the programmatic elements of the building serve to foster community and collaboration within a historical context.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT: The Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building is an adaptive reuse project, making use of three existing buildings. This adaptive reuse serves to revitalize a dated and ill-functioning town center, while preserving the historical and cultural heritage of Roxbury.

SOURCE: “Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building / Mecanoo + Sesaki Associates.” ArchDaily. 29 April 2015. Web. 93

BRUCE C. BOLLING MUNICIPAL BUILDING

SPATIAL ORGANIZATION: The plans for the first two floors of the Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building are contingent upon the peripheral arrangement of public meeting community spaces. Much of the facade is occupied by these spaces, allowing for a high level of visual transparency between the public and BPS. This also solidifies the new buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s relationship with the neighborhood of Roxbury as well as the square in which it resides.

PARTI DIAGRAM: The parti for the Bruce C. Bolling Municipal Building highlights the relationships between each of the three buildings used in the renovation. The linkage between these buildings was an overarching part of the design concept - it was a way to reactivate the town square as well as a manner by which to bridge the gap between old and new. Here, the old and new are seamlessly integrated with the overlapping of function dependent spaces. l

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