Text and Atlas of Wound Diagnosis and Treatment, 2e _ Chapter 5 Lymphedema

FIGURE 5­5

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Lymphangion The lymph vessels containing lymphangions are adjacent to the muscle; thus, when the muscle contracts the lymph flow is increased.

Valves and smooth muscle in the angion promote directional flow of the fluid and prevent reflux, much like the valves in veins.

FIGURE 5­6

Lymphatic watersheds The body is divided into lymph territories that allow drainage of the lymph flow from specific body regions to specific regional lymph nodes. The deep vessels do not cross between watersheds (areas of collection); however, there are some superficial vessels that cross the watershed boundaries and thereby divert lymph fluid from one quadrant to another when there are conditions of overload. The superficial pathways that cross between watersheds can be encouraged with manual lymphatic mobilization to direct more flow to open areas; however, it is usually inadequate to remove the majority of the fluid in the affected quadrant.

The lymph nodes (estimated to be about 700) are located in clusters throughout the body (FIGURE 5­7). The lymph node is bean­shaped and Downloaded 2022­3­23 7:53 A Your IP is 165.84.189.140 surrounded by a dense fibrous capsule (FIGURE 5­8). collectors converge at the convex side of the lymph nodes where they are termed afferent Page 8 / 47 Chapter 5: Lymphedema, Marisa Perdomo; Rose L. The Hamm

lymph . The fluid the cortex node, into the medulla, and exits on the concave side via efferent vessels that then become ©2022vessels McGraw Hill.

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Termsofofthe Use • Privacy Policy • Notice • Accessibility trunks. The number of efferent vessels is less than the number of afferent vessels, resulting in a decreased transportation rate through the lymph nodes, and thus allowing the immune system cells time to phagocytose the pathogens that are in the lymphatic fluid.