MUGE KIPCHUMBA ALFRED PORTFOLIO B.B.Ev. Urban and Regional Planning The Technical University of Kenya
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
CURRICULUM VITAE
STUDIO PRESENTATION TECHNIQUES RURAL PLANNING STUDIO URBAN PLANNING STUDIO A URBAN PLANNING STUDIO B URBAN PLANNING STUDIO C
REGIONAL PLANNING STUDIO RESEARCH PROJECT WRITING SAMPLE
CURRICULUM VITAE This section briefly describes my outstanding personal, educational as well as professional characteristics.
CAREER OBJECTIVE:
Working with organizations that offer a conducive environment to develop my skills and knowledge as well as team work with the aim of archiving both organization and personal goals PERSONAL PROFILE:
MUGE KIPCHUMBA ALFRED P.O. BOX 216, KABARNET, KENYA. Phone: +254703779816 +254772152750 Email: alfredmuge@gmail.com Sex: MALE D.O.B: 4th August 1995
Honest and ambitious young man with high morals and effective team player. Higher personal integrity, able to relate and create trust with workmates and the general public. Highly articulated, confident and persuasive team-builder, able to motivate and communicate in order achieve a results-oriented performance. Dependable and reliable in supporting and enabling team effort to produce long-term sustainable achievements EDUCATION BACKGROUND: 2014-2018: Technical University of Kenya Pursued a Bachelor’s of Built Environment Degree in Urban and Regional Planning.
County: BARINGO
Studio course work:
Nationality: KENYAN
Regional Planning Studio– Year Four
LANGUAGES: English, Swahili HOBBIES: Travelling, Swimming, Hiking, Playing basketball FAST SKILLS: Reading, writing and verbal communication SOFTWARE SKILLS: ArcMap Google Earth Trimble Sketch Up Microsoft Office SPSS Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign Adobe Illustrator Adobe Premiere AutoCAD
SOCIAL SKILLS & COMPETENCE: Social in all undertakings. Foster team work, respectful to seniors & colleagues like discussions and cooperative with all. Living and working with other people, in multi-cultural environments, in positions where communication is important & situations where teamwork is essential e.g. sports, culture and at work too WORK EXPERIENCE: 2016 May To 2016 August: Technical University of Kenya Worked as an Intern in the Department of Spatial Planning and Design. It was a great exposer to the real world of planning and I gained a number of hands-on skills 2017 June to 2017 September: GeoMaestro Consult Africa Worked aa a planning assistant intern during the preparation of integrated urban development plans. ACTIVITIES: 2016 January To 2016 March: Mapping villages, roads and buildings in rural Tanzania to protect girls from FGM for Tanzania Development Trust
Urban Planning Studio – Year Three
SHORT COURSES: 2016 Jan To 2016 May: UN-HABITAT Competition Rural Planning Studio – Year Two, Semester Two United Nations HABITAT Student Competition- International DeSite Planning Studio – Year Two, Semester One sign Collaboration for Kenya 2016 Studio Presentation Techniques – Year One 2017 Jan To 2017 March: SDS NEDU- Sustainable Development Goals Academy Theory course work: Research Methods, GIS and remote sens“The Age of Sustainable Development” ing, Transport Planning, Urban Analysis, Land and Real Estate REFEREES: 2010-2013: Kericho High School DR. LAWRENCE SALAON ESHO Sat for K.C.S.E attained Mean Grade A- of 78 points out of the Chairman, Kenya Institute of Planners, Chairman, Department of Spatial Planning and Design, possible 84 Technical University of Kenya. 2000-2009: Chumo Educational Centre P.O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. Sat for Primary level K.C.P.E and obtained 392 marks out of the Phone Number: 0721607809 possible 500 MR. MESHACK LEINA KILESI PERSONAL SKILLS: Initiative, industrious, punctual, competence honest, reliable, good workmanship, obedient & polite
Lecturer, Department of Spatial Planning and Design, Technical University of Kenya. P.O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. Phone Number: 0729137112
STUDIO PRESENTATION
TECHNIQUES This studio sessions revolved around the use of free hand as well as technical drawing instruments to present urban setups in a creative manner.
HAND DRAWINGS
PENCIL RENDERS
HAND DRAWINGS
PENCIL RENDERS
HAND DRAWINGS
GRAPHITE PENCIL RENDERS
COLOUR PENCIL RENDERS
WATER COLOUR RENDERS
HAND DRAWINGS
INK RENDER
COLOUR PENCIL RENDER
RURAL PLANNING STUDIO The site is a rural area on the outskirts of Kiserian town, Kajiado North Sub-county, Kajiado County. The studio is oriented in accordance with the theme “FEEDING THE CITY” and is a rural planning studio.
INTRODUCTION
3D CONTOUR MODEL
3D PHYSICAL MODEL
SITE ANALYSIS
HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
INFRASTRUCTURE $ SERVICES
CLIMATE AND SOILS
SITE ANALYSIS
VEGETATION
TOPOGRAPHY $ DRAINAGE
NIL INTERVENTION
PLAN PREPARATION
ALTERNATIVE ONE
ALTERNATIVE TWO
MASTER PLAN
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN
THE PLAN
3D PHYSICAL MODEL
URBAN PLANNING STUDIO A This is part the urban planning studio of the third year course work in the academic year 2016/2017. The studio site is Wote Town which is the county capital of Makueni County. The theme for the urban planning studio is “Planning and Designing Wote Town�. During the first semester, we were tasked with the preparation of a structure plan for the town where by we conducted an extensive situational analysis of the town through collection and detailed analysis of primary and secondary sources of data. The preparation of the structure plans was done in groups of 6 students each among the total of 42 members of the class. The structure plans outlined the proposed land use coverage and distribution informed by the analysis done.
INTRODUCTION BASE MAP
3D PHYSICAL MODEL
LOCATION AND CONTEXT CONTINENTAL CONTEXT
Continental context: Wote Town is located in the Eastern African Region, east of the east wing of the Great Rift Valley. It has a Steppe Climate. Wote Town is in close proximity to the Great North Road and Trans-African highway.
URBAN CONTEXT
Site: Wote Town is located at the meeting point of Wote-Machakos Road (D514), Wote-Makindu Road and Wote-Kikumini Road. It is situated on the foothill of Unoa Hills which are to the south west of the town.
NATIONAL CONTEXT
National context: Wote Town is located 150 kilometers to south-east of Nairobi, capital city of Kenya, via Machakos County. River Athi forms the eastern boundary of Makueni County and flows south wards to empty into the Indian Ocean.
LOCATIONAL CONTEXT
Wote Location: Wote Town is located to the immediate south of River Kaiti that flows eastwards to River Thwake. River Kaiti is a tributary to River Thwake which in turn is a tributary to River Athi.
REGIONAL CONTEXT
Makueni County: Wote Town is the county headquarters to Makueni County and is situated to the north of the county. It is located 71kms and 53kms from A109 via Makindu and Emali respectively.
SUB-REGIONAL CONTEXT
Makueni Sub-County: Wote Town is located in Makueni SubCounty. It is situated to the west of River Athi that flows along the county boundary.
SITE ANALYSIS HISTORY $ CULTURE
Wote town started as a small market centre with parts of its vigorous growth attributable to the fact that in 1922 it became home to the district headquarters. Wote area is predominantly occupied by the Akamba community
TOPOGRAPHY $ DRAINAGE
The site generally slopes from the south to the north ending in a river valley to the north. The undulating topography to the north makes construction of buildings easier.
CLIMATE $ SOILS
Climatic region-Tropical savannah climate. The wettest months are March and October while the driest month is July with only 1mm of rainfall.
SITE ANALYSIS VEGETATION $ OPEN SPACES
Wote town vegetation is mainly bushes, shrubs and thickets with scattered to dense trees in some cases. The challenges are; limited recreational spaces throughout the town and charcoal burning.
ACCESS $ CIRCULATION
Major access roads 1.Wote-Makindu Road- Wote to Mombasa Road highway. 2.Wote-Machakos Road- Wote to Machakos.
SETTLEMENT PATTERNS
Linear settlement along major roads such as Wote-Makindu road. Nuclear settlement around the estates and CB. Sparse settlement to the south of the site around Unoa area
SITE ANALYSIS EXISTING LAND USES
Wote is a fast growing town with diverse land use like: Public purpose, Transport, Commercial, Education, Residential and Agriculture.
THE ECONOMY
POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHY
Income for the county include; business permits, Markets, Plot rent, Vehicle parking and Cess. Commercial activities include; wholesale and retail shops, Banks and Microfinance Institutions.
High population density areas are as a result of residential estates. The CBD and Unoa Market has medium population density while the rest of the town has a low population density.
SITE ANALYSIS SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Town has more than three primary schools that serve a population catchment of 11045. Secondary schools are two serving the population adequately.
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The town lacks a sewer plant although there are plans on the construction of one. Access is facilitated by Class D, Class E and unclassified roads.
NIL INTERVENTION
Environmental degradation will cause complete drying of rivers. Illegal dumping of garbage will cause an unhealthy and unpleasant environment. Deforestation will increase soil erosion thus leading to lose of fertile agricultural soils.
SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
WEAKNESSES
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS
A. Wote has adequate land for expansion.
A. The town has insufficient water supply.
A. Cotton ginnery in Shimo Estate.
A. Climate change.
B. The town serves as county headquarters for Makueni County.
B. Poor garbage collection.
B. Unoa Hills provide a scenic view that can promote tourism.
B. Environmental degradation though illegal deforestation
C. High solar insolation that can be used to generate electricity.
C. The town has limited of sources of water.
D. Small scale fruit farming that can be commercialised.
D. Illegal dumping of garbage on uninhabited land.
E. Many banking and financial institutions to finance agribusiness.
E. The town’s dumping site is near to Kaiti River.
C. Fish farming is common and generates livelihoods for many.
C. The terrain limits development to the south of the town.
D. Absence of recreational spaces. D. It has Kaiti River which is a source of water.
E. Lack of a sewer system and sewage treatment plant. E. Good soil that is suitable for farming.
LOCAL CASE STUDY
KABARNET,BARINGO COUNTY, KENYA LOCATION MAP
Kabarnet town is situated in Baringo county. It started as the administrative headquarters for Baringo district since 1907 as the British colonial government made it to seat of the local government. The town has an urban population of. It is located on the eastern edge of Kerio Valley. It is approximately 138km north of Nakuru town through NakuruMarigat-Kabarnet road and 89km east of Eldoret through Eldoret-Iten-Kabarnet road.
MAP
CHALLENGES 1.Lack of a sewage system. 2.Faces acute land shortage for investment. 3.Has a housing shortfall estimated at 25000 units annually. IDEAS BORROWED
SWOT ANALYSIS
1. Completion of phase two of Kirandich dam that will supply 14 million cubic metre daily.
Strengths: museum and Kirandich dam
2.The town has a modern bus park.
Weaknesses; Lacks a sewer system which is also a weakness with our study site: Wote Town.
Opportunities; Tugen Hills which provides scenery good for tourist attraction.
Threats; Kabarnet town faces acute land shortage for expansion due to the steep topography along the Tugen Hills.
3.The town has a museum that showcases elements from Baringo culture and traditions.
AERIAL IMAGE
LOCAL CASE STUDY
KISUMU CITY, KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA LOCATION MAP
Kisumu is a port city in Kisumu County, Kenya with a population of 409,928 (2009 census). It is the third largest city in Kenya, the principal city of western Kenya, the immediate former capital of Nyanza Province and the headquarters of Kisumu County. It is the largest city in Nyanza region and second most important city after Kampala in the greater Lake Victoria basin. The port was founded in 1901 as the main inland terminal of the Uganda Railway.
MAP
CHALLENGES 1. Poor urban planning 2. Inadequate infrastructure and services 3. Degraded urban environment 4. Unregulated urban agriculture and livestock keeping IDEAS BORROWED
SWOT ANALYSIS
1. Elaborate sewer lines and sewerage treatment plant.
Strengths; Rich greenery and a major tourist destination.
2.Network of functional open spaces across the city.
Weaknesses; Lacks enough public spaces.
3.Conservation of environmentally valued areas such as Kisian and Riet Hills
Opportunities; great amount of land for development and a major amount of resources.
Threats; Land ownership disputes and climate change evident through the high temperatures and loss of biodiversity.
AERIAL IMAGE
GLOBAL CASE STUDY
GRAAFF REINET TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA LOCATION MAP
Graaff-Reinet is the fourth oldest town in South Africa, in Eastern Cape Province, Sarah Baartman District, Dr Beyers Naude and lies 750 meters above sea level. It is built on the banks of Sunday’s River. It started as a nomadic settlement since it was the only place with an oasis. In the South African National Census of 2011, the population of GraaffReinet was recorded as 35,672 people living in 8,393 households .
SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths; Most national monuments than any other town in South Africa and a major dam, Nqweba dam.
Weaknesses; Very little rainfall hence a danger of drought is imminent.
Opportunities; The only town in South Africa to be surrounded by a national park and has space for expansion.
Threat; Climate change temperature rise and decline in rainfall.
MAP
CHALLENGES 1. Housing provision is inadequate. 2.Housing materials are expensive 3.Farmers are being urged to move from subsistence to commercial. IDEAS BORROWED
1. They have diversified recreational facilities. 2.Nqweba dam to supply water to the town 3.The town has to most national monuments, Camdeboo National Park and Karoo architecture. 4.The streets are lined with cobbled canals that ensure town’s daily water supply. 5.The town has a plan where the poorest access free basic water and electricity paid through equitable share. 6.The town has a solar field.
AERIAL IMAGE
GLOBAL CASE STUDY
PONTE DE LIMA, PORTUGAL
LOCATION MAP
Ponte de Lima is located in the southern bank of the Lima. Ponte de Lima is the oldest chartered town in Portugal. It is part of the district of Viana do Castelo. The population in 2011 was 43,498 in an area of 320.25 km² . The town proper has about 2,800 inhabitants. It is one of the oldest towns in Portugal (founded on 4 March 1125).It is named after the long medieval bridge that passes over the Lima river that runs next to the town.
SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths; R.Limia as a source of natural water and provides scenic view. Weaknesses; Dry season of drought. Opportunities; Vihno Verde wines, good waste management plan and adoption of new technologies such as use of internet.
Threats; Frequent forest fires, Loss of population to other major towns and urban sprawl on natural land.
AERIAL IMAGE
MAP
CHALLENGES 1.Declining public purses.
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2.Urban sprawl that affects natural landscapes. 3.Loss of population to bigger towns IDEAS BORROWED 1. Establishment of standard hotels. 2..Attractive and functional public spaces and plazas. 3.Linear park along River Lima to act as buffer for protection. 3.Promotion of Sport and Ecological Tourism, Cultural Tourism and Architectural Tourism
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S CALE 1 :1 0 ,0 0 0
PLAN PREPARATION ALTERNATIVE ONE
Strategies: Promote accessibility, Promote use of green sources of energy, Improvement of the economy, Promote agribusiness and Proper disposal of liquid waste.
ALTERNATIVE TWO
STRUCTURE PLAN
Strategy: Promote use of tourism, Provision of public spaces, Reforestation and afforestation, Reduce gap of housing provision and Proper disposal of waste.
A wind turbine pushes air systematically in all directions. Wote thus has a potential to steer development equally and sustainably throughout Makueni County.
URBAN PLANNING STUDIO B This studio is as a continuation of the previous semester’s urban planning studio exercise which aimed at planning and developing Wote Town, Makueni County. It entailed proposals on various activities and provision of services including the town boundary all to better the town and ensure sustainability. While last semester was about Wote Town as a whole, this semester is about developing Part Development Plans (PDPs) or the Action Area Plans based on the structure plan produced last semester.
LOCATION AND CONTEXT NATIONAL CONTEXT
Makueni County is located in the Southern Hemisphere and the south of Kenya. It is bordered by Machakos County to the North East, Kajiado County to the South East, Kitui County to the East and Taita Taveta County to the South East. It lies to the east of the eastern wing of the Rift Valley. The county is trans versed by the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) line from the south east to the north west. River Athi forms the boundary to the east.
REGIONAL CONTEXT
Wote Town is located on the northern part of Makueni County. It lies to the East of River Athi. It’s geographical coordinates are longitude 37.630N and latitude 1.780E. The town lies to the north of A104 highway and the newly constructed Standard Gauge Railway (SGR). The town is approximately 150 kilometers to the South East of Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya.
LOCAL CONTEXT
The action area lies to the north east of Wote Town Central Business District (CBD). The action area is bordered by River Kaiti to the North West, River Kaminyoo to the East and Wote-Kikumini Road to the South. River Kaiti is a tributary to River Thwake that is a tributary to River Athi that finally empties into the Indian Ocean. To the south western tip of the action area is Kasarani, a residential estate.
BASE MAP
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS CLIMATE
Highest rainfall– 1200mm
DRAINAGE
Main drainage features in the site:
GEOLOGY $ SOILS
There are two main rock types in our site i.e.
Lowest rainfall– 800mm
-River Kaiti
-Alluvium deposits; along River Kaiti
Wet months– March and October
-River Kaminyoo
-Granoid gneiss rock
Driest month– July with only 1mm of rainfall Highest temperature– 24.6°C
The action area uses surface run-off and open ditches for storm water drainage.
The main soil type is red volcanic loamy soil which has excellent water holding capacity.
Lowest temperature– 20.2°C
Suitability Map
Suitability Map
Suitability Map
VIEWS $ NEIGHBOURHOODS
The action area has pleasant views generally to the north and east. To the north is River Kaiti while to the east are farmlands and natural greenery that provide good scenic views. Unpleasant views are generally to the south and west of the action area. To the west are residential houses with litter around them that is quite unpleasant while to the south there is a bit of greenery though litter is still event. The neighbourhood to the south is Malawi Estate.
Suitability Map
LAND USE
1. Agricultural: most of the land in the action area. 2. Residential: existing majorly in Kasarani area 3. Commercial: includes shops, bars and hotels.
4. Public utility: they include a mosque, sisters’ sanctuary 5. Education: this includes MECCETTI college 6. Transport: the main road is Wote-Kikumini (Class E road) 7. Industrial: includes a warehouse
Suitability Map
ACCESS $ CIRCULATION
The estate in our site is a 5minute walk from the CBD. Mode of transport; motorcycles, vehicles and by foot. Our site is bordered by a main class E road to the south: Wote-Kikumini road and is characterized by unclassified roads. The bus terminus is located across Church road
Suitability Map
TOPOGRAPHY
Highest contour– 1130 Lowest contour– 1095
DEM
Suitability Map
VEGETATION DENSITIES
Suitability Map
The action area generally slopes from the South West to the North East.
VEGETATION
This area is mainly covered in thickets and shrubs with scattered dense trees following the drainage features i.e. river/stream. The main tree species there are include acacia species and a few baobab trees. The other places with grass cover or bare soils include farmlands and undeveloped land.
SETTLEMENT PATTERNS
Settlement Densities
Suitability Map
Nucleated settlements in Kasarani estate at the South Western side of the site which is averagely a 5minute-walk from the CBD. These settlements are also linear following the roads. Scattered settlements at the periphery as they get further away from the town’s CBD. The site settlements are growing to the North East towards the agricultural land where land is available
INFRASTRUCTURE $ SERVICES
Walkable Distances
Soft infrastructure includes; schools (on-site MECETTI, adjacent/near site, Premise Academy and Unoa Primary School), religious centres(1 mosque, 1 church) and garbage collection. Hard infrastructure includes; water supply, telecommunication, electricity and supply, roads and storm water drainage.
Suitability Map
LOCAL CASE STUDY
JOHN MICHUKI MEMORIAL PARK, KENYA MAP
AERIAL IMAGE
John Michuki Memorial Park is a public park located to the north east of Nairobi City CBD along the Nairobi River. It is a leisure and recreational park for people to relax. It is bordered by Globe Cinema roundabout to the south east, Ngara Estate to the north east and Museum Hill to the north west. It was established through private-public partnerships in honour of John Michuki; a former Environment Minister .
IDEAS BORROWED
Construction of walkways for easy movement of park
Creation of a riparian reserve along Kaiti River
Landscaping and beautification of the riparian reserve to create a public leisure park
Involvement of National Environmental Management Authority and Ministry of Water, Environment and Natural Resources in management and conservation of the fragile river ecosystem
Construction of a pedestrian foot bridge across Kaiti River to link to both sides
Construction of flood lights to enhance security at night
The park has undergone works such as construction of footbridges, flood lights and public toilets as well as landscaping and beautification works. SWOT
Strengths
The park is located close to the CBD and in a walkable distance from residential zones such as Ngara and Parklands.
The park is easily accessible from Kipande Road and Murang’a Road.
Weakness
The park is not well maintained by the County Government of Nairobi
The park is prone to insecurity incidences due to gangs that control it
Opportunities
The park has beautiful greening and attractive landscaping
The park has a potential to be expanded downstream along Nairobi River
Threats
Discharged of raw sewage into the Nairobi River poses health hazards such as outbreak of waterborne diseases
Poor disposal of solid waste such as polythene bags is a threat to Nairobi River as well as the park
LOCAL CASE STUDY
THIKA TOWN, KENYA MAP
AERIAL IMAGE
IDEAS BORROWED
Allocation of land for mango, orange and lemon tree fruits plantation.
Establishment of a fruit processing plant inclusive of bottling and parking.
Introduction of green houses for vegetable farming.
Revitalizing Kasarani estate to ensure allocation of open spaces and outdoor cabro paving.
Expansion and promotion of Makueni Early Childhood Education Teachers Training Institute to a polytechnic institution.
Thika is an fast growing industrial town located in Kiambu County, Kenya. It lies on A2 trunk road and is 46km away from the capital city, Nairobi. Thika is home to light industry especially horticulture and food processing. It is a commercial centre as well. It has an elevation of 1631 meters and has a population of 139,853 people.
Located on the gentle slopes of small valleys on the Western and Northern edges following rivers Chania and Thika respectively. Its climate is sub tropical highland climate with sunshine most of the times and an annual temperature of 19C. SWOT:
Strengths
It is home to various tourist attractions including Fourteen Falls along as well as Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park.
It is home to: an agricultural processing (horticulture and pineapple; exporting it to Europe and the United States of America) like Del Monte and a beverage plant i.e. Bidco Africa. It is an educational centre with 3 universities, tens of middle level colleges and hundreds of secondary and primary schools.
Weaknesses
Rapid economic growth with lack of proper guidelines and development control framework.
Insecurity in
Opportunities
The
Threats
The rapidly growing population.
GLOBAL CASE STUDY
CORVALLIS, OREGON STATE, USA MAP
AERIAL IMAGE
IDEAS BORROWED
Establishment of riparian reserves
Construction of bike lanes and pedestrian walkways
Use zoning of mixed use development as well as height zoning as per wind directions
Encouraging sports tourism through water sports such as kayaking
Establishment of a public university
Establishment of a pocket park at Kasarani Estate
Fostering community volunteer programmes to enhance community participation and cultural resource centres.
Corvallis is the county seat of the Benton County located in central-western Oregon State in the United States of America. The town is small in size and has a flat terrain. It is home to the Oregon State University and a Hewlett-Packard research campus. The town had a population of 54,462 people as per the 2010 Population Census and an estimate of 55,298 people in 2013. SWOT
Opportunities
Strengths
The town has a low housing cost
Good scenic views that are an attraction
Threats
47 public parks within and close to it boundaries
97% of all collector and arterial roads have bike lanes and 22% of the population use bikes to move about.
Nearly 1 in 5 people and 12.6% of families live below the poverty line. The town is vulnerable to natural disasters
Weakness
High unemployment rate of 5.1%
Low local housing vacancy rates
PLAN PREPARATION
ALTERNATIVE PLANS ALTERNATIVE ONE
There is proposed revitalization of Kasarani estate by density zoning and the introduction of interconnected cabro paved streets with street lighting and street furniture as well as use zoning; mixed use. We have emphasized on Non Motorised Transport by proposing identification and renovation of collector and arterial roads, construction of bicycle and cycling lanes inclusive of parking facilities, establishment of zebra crossing and road signage. Expansion of Wote-Kikumini road tentatively. We have also proposed introduction of a node (four-way intersection) where the proposed closed market, dispensary, fire station and a police post will be located. Also, riparian reserve along rivers Kaiti and Kaminyoo.
ALTERNATIVE TWO
Green here characterised by the establishment of a buffer zone along river Kaiti that will serve as a park and include a cultural centre within it. The buffer is then followed up with fruit trees plantations including mangoes, oranges and lemons. Past the plantations comes crop farming in both small and large scale. The rest of the area is the built environment, Kasarani estate. Height zoning will be implemented and establishment of green rooftops. Enhancing infrastructure including the expansion of Wote-Kikumini road and increasing access as well as streets connectivity.
PLAN PREPARATION
MASTER PLAN
Green houses farming
Construction of a fire station
Construction of a produce market
Height and density zoning in Kasarani This plan aims at efficiency in the provision of infrastructure and services to the Kasarani community and also ensuring sustainability. These has been achieved by the allocation of land for a police post, dispensary, fresh market and a community centre. The use of zoning by merging town and country elements to ensure sustainability; fruit trees intercropped with cotton and vegetables, beef farming, green houses, solar farm, linear park along River Kaiti, pocket park within the estate, and a non motorist transit oriented community depicting mixed use development, density and height zoning. Installation of solar powered street lights
URBAN PLANNING STUDIO C During the second semester of the year, our studio tutors split the town into 14 action area sections that we further analyzed in groups of 3 students each. The analysis of the action area resulted into preferred/ master plans from which each of us was required to pick a smaller site for the PDP. The PDP sites were to be selected based on the proposed spatial distribution of projects. I selected a site to north western tip of our Group 2B master plan. The PDP site includes a riparian buffer, solar farm, cultural center fused into a recreational park and a residential use to the south west. All these projects are fused into the site to create compatible blend. The PDP site is located in a Peri-urban to rural fringe of Wote town hence adequate space for it location. Good scenic views and drainage features such as a water reservoir and Kaiti River are an added advantage and strong backbone to the proposed initiatives.
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN THE PLAN Water Fountain
The PDP site is basically a recreational, conservational and cultural park that is wholesome, inclusive and sustainable. A recreational park, riparian buffer and cultural centre is fused together to create a compatible blend of all. A solar farm which is a source of green energy will also be included. People will enjoy the gifts of biodiversity and cultural diversity while having a recreational experience generally. The site will take advantage of the Kaiti River as well as surrounding good scenic views of the Wote Peri-urban and rural landscapes to give both visitors and locals an impressive meeting spot for people of all ages, genders and tribes.
Gazebos
Cultural Centre
Water Pond
Curio Shops
Pavilion
Solar Farm
Play Ground
Park Furniture
Park Greenery
Riparian Buffer
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN SECTIONAL ELEVATIONS SECTION
A-A
SECTION
B-B
SECTION
C-C
SECTION
D-D
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN SECTIONAL ELEVATIONS
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN 3D PHYSICAL MODEL
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN ZONING HOUSING Medium Density Houses
Minimum Plot Size– 0.045 Ha
Minimum Plot Coverage– 65%
RIPARIAN RESERVE– 30 metre
ROAD RESERVE– 12 metre
PARKING– 5*6.5*2.5m
REGIONAL PLANNING STUDIO The studio was carried out in Machakos County which is delineated by political boundaries. The study area is further divided in 8 sub counties whose boundaries doubles as constituencies. The Regional Plan shall be a 20-year long-time plan up to the year 2037. Its implementation schedules/ matrices which shall be disaggregated as implementation outputs divided into long-, medium- and short-term plans, as well as the quick wins.
INTRODUCTION STUDIO THEME “BALANCING
BACKGROUND
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT”
Our study area is Machakos County. It is delineated by po-
The theme of the studio is promoting balanced regional development. It entails the establishment of an integrate regional
litical boundaries. The size of the county is 6208.2km2.
plan that purpose to ensure equitable allocation of resources promoting sustainable growth in the county as a whole.
The county had a population of 1,098,584 people as of 2009 and stands at 1,290,672 people in a 2017 projec-
OBJECTIVES
Introducing us to the objectives and process of re-
counties namely:
Mavoko – 843.2km2
Kangundo – 177.2km2
Yatta – 1,057.3km2
and environmental).
Masinga – 1,402.8km2
Infrastructure provision
Machakos – 925.2km2
Kathiani – 207.1km2
Matungulu – 577.5km2
Mwala – 1,017.9km2
gional planning
tion. Machakos county is sub-divided into eight sub-
Achieving equitable distribution of resources. Regional sustainable development (social, economic
The county is bordered by the following counties:
Murang’a, Kirinyaga and Embu to the north.
Kitui to the east.
Makueni to the south.
INTRODUCTION BASE MAP
INTRODUCTION 3D PHYSICAL MODEL
INTRODUCTION REGIONAL PLANNING PROCESS PHASE
PREPARATORY
ACTIVITY
Mobilization Constitution of Project Teams Planning Permission Base map Preparation
PROJECT ACTIVATION
Reconnaissance Survey Assessment of data needs Stakeholder Analysis
ROLL OUT
Community Mobilization and Sensitization Stakeholder Consultation and Visioning Data Collection Situational Analysis
PROJECT CONSOLIDATION
Scenario Setting Plan Development Strategies/Proposals Sectorial Strategies Spatial Development Plan Implementation
1ST MONTH
2ND MONTH
3RD MONTH
4TH MONTH
5th MONTH
18/9/17 TO 29/9/17
2/10/17 TO 31/10/17
1/11/17 TO 21/11/17
11/1/18 TO 29/1/18
1/2/18 TO 28/2/18
INTRODUCTION FIELDWORK METHODOLOGY Conducting a pilot study (Reconnaissance) Household questionnaire Formulating topic and objectives
STAGE 1:
Designing the methods to use
PRELIMINARY PLANNING
Special group questionnaire Fieldwork Tools
Interview schedules
Checklist Daily route maps
Selecting the equipment to use
Seeking permission from relevant authorities Observation Interviewing Recording Data collection
STAGE 2:
Used
Sketching Sampling Photography
Data processing and presentation
FIELD SURVEY
Data analysis and presentation
STAGE 3: FOLLOW UP
Methods
Post-field survey to analyze and polish data collected
Note taking
INTRODUCTION FIELDWORK METHODOLOGY 1. Issuing and administration of the questionnaires
2. Numbering of the questionnaires
Descriptive Analysis
3. Coding of the questionnaires
Data Processing for Analysis 4. Making of a template Statistical Analysis
5. Input data into the software
A. Plan 6. Data cleaning and analysis (Generating of statistical data)
B. Analyze to cleanse C. Implement automation D. Missing data E. Monitor
7. Data interpretation (Finding the meaning of data)
LOCATION AND CONTEXT CONTINENTAL CONTEXT
NATIONAL CONTEXT
REGIONAL CONTEXT
In Africa, Kenya is located in the Eastern Africa region of
In Kenya, Machakos County is located in the Nairobi Met-
Machakos County is bordered by Murang'a, Embu and Kiam-
Africa. It is traversed by the Eastern wing of the Great Rift
ropolitan Region to the south of the equator. The County
bu Counties to the north, Kajiado County to the south, Nai-
Valley. The Great North Road and the Trans-African high-
is to the east of the eastern wing of the Great Rift Val-
robi County to the west and Kitui County to the east. It is
ways pass through the country from Cape Town to Cairo
ley. It is situated to the north west of the Tsavo National
traversed by parts of the Trans-African highway (A109/
and Mombasa to Lagos respectively. Lake Victoria in the
Park. The dominant climatic zone is the warm semi-arid
A104) and Great North road (A3). Machakos town is I the
Eastern African region is source to the Nile River that flows
hence falls broadly as an Arid Semi-Arid Land (ASAL).
county headquarters.
northwards to the Mediterranean Sea.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS HISTORY $ ORIGIN ORIGIN OF THE AKAMBA The Akamba trace their origin from the greater Bantu expansion that started in Congo forest in central Africa. The Akamba people are part of the Bantu language group found in Kitui, Makueni and Machakos Counties.
ORIGIN OF THE AKAMBA Machakos County is one among three of the counties in the
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS 1932 1946
Ukambani Region. It was delineated from the former Machakos District. Before independence, Machakos District was divided into four main areas; 1. The Reserve area for African farming 2. The White Highlands allocated to European farmers and mainly used for ranching 3. The Crown Land- Yatta Plateau and the Chyulu Hills and 4. The area to the north was until 1963 part of Thika District
1962
1969
1979
2017
A. Pre-colonial Migration The Akamba arrived in the region before the end of the 19th
Century prior to the coming of the Europeans. Akamba traditional oral literature says that the Akamba originated from Kilimanjaro. The Akamba found themselves in Kitui and Machakos after centuries of migration. B. Post-Colonial and Modern Migration Due to urbanization after end of the colonial rule, more
people have since moved from the rural areas to urban areas. In Machakos County, locals have moved to neighboring counties with bigger urban centers such as Nairobi in search of employment, education and work. Similar, natives of neighboring counties such as Kitui and Makueni have come to Machakos County urban centers in search of the same. .
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS CULTURE RELIGION A. Pre-Colonial Religion Akamba worship one supreme God called Mulungu. They had famous religious leaders such Masaku and Syokimau renowned. Their roles involved offering sacrifices .Prophetess
Syokimau is said to have foreseen the coming of the white man and a long snake which later was translated to the coming of railway line to Machakos town. Komarock shrine along Kangundo road was where elderly priests offered
TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION PROCESSES
CULTURAL PRACTISES
Long before the arrival of the Europeans, the Akamba
The family (Musyi) plays a central unit . The father is the
were traders and organized caravans. Akamba were origi-
head of the house. He engages in economic activities while
nally hunters and gatherers and were famous for their ar-
the woman on domestic duties. Love for music and dance is
chery skills. Later they adopted subsistence farming and
a born trait with the Akamba people. Clothing and custom-
pastoralism due to the new land that they came to occu-
ary made it to the Akamba people wardrobe. Akamba were
py. They also traded in medicinal products from indige-
renowned for their exceptionally good handicrafts.
nous trees. They also traded their handicrafts (baskets, wood carvings and pottery) to acquire beads and food.
sacrifices and prayed for protection against attacks and natural calamities.
TRADITIONAL SOCIAL ORGANIZATION Traditionally, the basic group among the Akamba was a unit called Utui, based on a core of patrilineage. They B. Post-Colonial Religion
were grouped into 25 dispersed clans varying greatly in
After the coming of the white men in the early 20th Centu-
size. Individuals were organized in age grades with men in
ry, traditional Akamba religious beliefs began dying out due
the eldest grade traditionally forming local district coun-
to colonization and its people.
cils that governed several Utui. Social organization was
Arrival of missionaries paved way for the introduction of
based on the family where several families lived together
Christianity and later on Islam from the Coastal Region that
in enclosed villages. Individual homesteads were built in a
had begun spreading inland.
circular layout using mud and thatched using grass.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS CULTURE RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION
Prevailing local climate is semi-arid. The rains are unpredictable of less than 500mm annually with the average being between 500 to 1300mm. Highlands like Mua, Iveti and Kangundo receive an average of 1000mm. Temperature varies between 180C to 290C with July being the coldest
month and October and March the warmest.
AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS RELIEF $ DRAINAGE RELIEF
SECTION A-A
SECTION B-B
SECTION C-C
SECTION D-D
The main rivers in the county are River Athi and River Tana. The direction of flow of the rivers starts from west and flowing to south east. Machakos county has a hilly and mountainous terrain whose footprints are gently sloping. The topography allows for natural drainage hence no incidences of floods. Highest contour-2145 meters above sea level: Iveti Hills. Lowest contour-735 meters above sea level: near Kamburu dam
DRAINAGE
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS GEOLOGY $ SOILS GEOLOGY
Soil type Verisols Aerosols /Ferrasols Planosols
Approximately area sq.km 11417.5 3636.2 431.4
Sols+lava
123.3
Others Total
209.6 5818.0
SOILS
Characteristics Poorly drained, deep, greyish brown to black crackling clays Deep, loose, excessively drained sandy clay soil imperfectly drained, moderately deep, dark grayish brown to black and very firm excessively drained to well drained, deep, dark red to dark yellowish, very friable sand clay loams Varying fertility N/A
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS NATURAL RESOURCES
Mavoloni Hills
Volcanic rocks
Acacia trees
Lumbering in Matungulu
Shrubs
Ballast in a quarry Main resources;
Thicket
Sand– for commercial and domestic use
Laterite– used for making bricks
Volcanic rocks– for extraction of building stones and ballast
Rivers, Hills, Mountains and Wildlife
Stones in a quarry
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS AGRICULTURE
CROP FARMING
FISH FARMING
LIVESTOCK FARMING
Agriculture accounts for 90% of the economy.
The fruits are mostly farmed in highlands areas Kangundo, Mwala, Matungulu and Kathiani.
Commercial fishing is mostly done by youth and it thrives mostly in Ekalakala and Masinga.
Main animals that are reared are cows and goats done on small scale, mainly for beef.
Majority of the fish traders are from outside the county.
Dairy farming is practiced in the highland areas of Matungulu, Kangundo, Mua hills and parts of Machakos central.
Subsistence farming is the main form of farming.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS TOURISM
TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN THE COUNTY
4. The Lord Mc Millan castle and grave.
10. Makongo valley
1. Hilly terrain throughout the county
5. Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park
11. Koma rock shrine
2. Wood carvings in Wamunyu town.
7. Machakos stadium in Machakos town
3. Machakos People’s Park Main activities in the park are fishing, hosting events, boat riding, water fountains, kids play, miniature golf course and public swimming pool.
8. The Lord Mc Millan castle and grave.
12. Masinga Dam; largest man-made dam in East and Central Africa. Wildlife in the dam include: fish, hippopotamus and crocodiles. -Masinga Dam Resort and Spa
9. Kyamwilu magic corner in Kituluni Hills
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS TRADE $ COMMERCE
Trade is boosted by SME and companies.
Local trade products
International trade products
Forms of trade
72% of the population is in the informal sector
Building materials
Meat from KMC
More than 21% of the population has moved out to oth- Groceries and vegetables er areas in search of job opportunities or venture into Fruits businesses. Honey
a) Local trade characterized by shops, hawking, supermarkets and markets.
Cement Metal products Handcrafts
b) International trade is mainly characterized by tourists visiting Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park and other attraction sites.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS
CROP FARMING
FISH FARMING
LIVESTOCK FARMING
Agriculture accounts for 90% of the economy.
The fruits are mostly farmed in highlands areas Kangundo, Mwala, Matungulu and Kathiani.
Commercial fishing is mostly done by youth and it thrives mostly in Ekalakala and Masinga.
Main animals that are reared are cows and goats done on small scale, mainly for beef.
Majority of the fish traders are from outside the county.
Dairy farming is practiced in the highland areas of Matungulu, Kangundo, Mua hills and parts of Machakos central.
Subsistence farming is the main form of farming.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS VEGETATION AND OPEN SPACES
The forests in the county include; Iveti forests, Muumando forest, Kiima kimwe forest, Kibauni forest, Yathui forest and Kalimanzalu forest The forests are characterized with both the indigenous and exotic trees.
Open spaces in the county include;
Machakos People’s Park, located in the outskirts of Machakos Town
Kenyatta Stadium in Machakos town
Machakos Golf Club
Open fields largely distributed in the county which are mostly used as playfields as well as venues for social gatherings.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS LAND USE 1990
2000
2010
2017
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS LAND TENURE
Land coverage
Land sub-division
Total land coverage in the entire county is 6,028km2;
The frequency of land sub-division is highest in the urban centers. This has resulted to unproductive and uncontrolled development.
Approximately 3,720.2km2 arable land (app. 62%)
Approximately 2,436km2 is non-arable land (app. 36%)
Approximately 124km2 water mass (app. 2%)
In the rural areas, arable, family land has been sub-divided into reasonable portions of around an acre.
The water mass is accounted for by the Seven folks dams among which four are in the county.
Cost of land
Land ownership Land ownership is either; Public land, Community land and Private land
Local trade products
International trade products
Roughly 28.5% of land owners have title deeds.
Building materials
Meat from KMC
Most affected areas without title deeds include; Machakos, Groceries and vegetables Kathiani and Athi river Fruits Honey
Over the years the land value has appreciated significantly having land being sold at approximately Ksh. 20,000 per acre in the early 21st century. It is now is between Ksh. 200,000 and Ksh. 2,000,000
In some areas like Kikesa, Yatta Sub-county, the land value is dependent on the type of soil.
Determining factors include; The type of soil, Proximity to infrastructural provisions and services like roads and Urbanization and industrialization.
Cement Metal products Handcrafts
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE POWER AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TRANSPORT SYSTEM
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
HEALTH FACILITIES
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS URBAN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Machakos county has seven major urban centres as well as other upcoming small centres. The different trends of development are brought about by trading activities within the centres, agricultural activities and industrial activities. Other urban centres have developed as dormitories for a working population in Nairobi city e.g. Mlolongo, Syokimau and Athi river.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS URBAN SETTLEMENTS LINKAGES
URBAN FUNCTIONS
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS RURAL SETTLEMENTS
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS LINKAGES
RURAL-URBAN LINKAGE Pull and push factors: Markets, Health services, Labour, Education, Public services and Marriage and social functions URBAN-URBAN MIGRATION Push and pull factors: Recreation and entertainment, Markets, Administrative functions and Employment
SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS A. Proximity to Nairobi, the capital city.
B. Availability of sand soil throughout the county.
C. Availability of employment opportunities due to existence of industrial zones.
D. Good governance and political stability within the county.
WEAKNESSES A. Over exploitation of sand resources.
B. Deforestation.
A. Scenic views.
B. Availability of vast land for growth and expansion.
C. Environmental pollution due to unregulated industrial growth.
C. Existence of dams.
D. Uncontrolled rural and urban development.
D. Connectivity and opening up of rural areas.
E. Unsustainable rural-urban migration. E. Generation of Hydro-Electric Power in the county.
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS A. Environmental degradation.
B. Desertification.
C. Unplanned urban sprawl.
D. Receding water levels.
E. The county has the opportunity to establish sub-regional recreational centers. E. Erosion of culture.
PLAN PREPARATION SUITABILITY ANALYSIS BEEF FARMING
DAIRY FARMING
COFFEE FARMING
PARAMETERS USED
PARAMETERS USED
PARAMETERS USED
1. Height above sea level
1. Height above sea level
1. Height above sea level
2. Rainfall pattern
2. Rainfall pattern
2. Rainfall pattern
3. Soil type
3. Soil type
3. Soil type 4. Soil PH
PLAN PREPARATION SUITABILITY ANALYSIS MAIZE FARMING
MANGO FARMING
SISAL FARMING
PARAMETERS USED
PARAMETERS USED
PARAMETERS USED
1. Height above sea level
1. Height above sea level
1. Height above sea level
2. Rainfall pattern
2. Rainfall pattern
2. Rainfall pattern
3. Soil type
3. Soil type
3. Soil type
4. Soil PH
4. Soil PH
PLAN PREPARATION ALTERNATIVE ONE: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ANALYTICAL MAP
MAIN MAP
PLAN PREPARATION ALTERNATIVE TWO: RURAL DEVELOPMENT ANALYTICAL MAP
MAIN MAP
PLAN PREPARATION ALTERNATIVE THREE: SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ANALYTICAL MAP
MAIN MAP
PLAN PREPARATION REGIONAL STRUCTURE PLAN
The structure plan outlines our vision for the region. Incorporating various projects ranging from industrial growth, rural development and socio-economic development. All will be anchored in delivering equitable distribution of resources and the benefits arising from the use of the resources.
RESEARCH PROJECT This is the final leg of the urban and regional planning degree programme comprising of an individual research project on water harvesting options for low density Residential estate.
INTRODUCTION
LOCATION AND CONTEXT
The site lies within Westlands Sub-County in the City County of Nairobi. Westlands lies to the north-west of the CBD.
The site covers Rosslyn Estate which includes Rosslyn Lone Tree,Rosslyn Springs,Rosslyn Heights and Rosslyn Gardens Estates. It is traversed by R.Karura and R.Ruiruaka.
The site lies within Karura Ward in Westlands Sub-County. Karura Ward lies to the east and north-east of Westlands Sub-County.
The site is bordered by Runda Estate to the east, Nyari Estate to the south, Gachie Centre to the west and Ruaka Town to the north-west.
INTRODUCTION
BASEMAP
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
CLIMATE
Monthly Rainfall Distribution
Monthly Average Temperatures
The site has a subtropical highland climate as per the Köppen climate classification. The site experiences warm and temperate type of climate. The temperature averages 18.2 °C while the average annual rainfall is 1038 mm. The warmest month of the year is March with an average temperature of 19.5 °C while July has the lowest average temperature of 15.8 °C. The driest month is July, with 19 mm of rain. Most of the precipitation here falls in April, averaging 234 mm. There are two rainy seasons but rainfall can be moderate. The cloudiest part of the year is just after the first rainy season, when, until September, conditions are usually overcast with drizzle. As Nairobi is situated close to the equator, the differences between the seasons are minimal.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
TOPOGRAPHY
Monthly Rainfall Distribution
The site generally slopes from the NW to the SE as evidenced by the direction of flow of the two rivers: River Ruiruaka and River Karura. Surface runoff and storm water flows generally south east wards with majority of it originating from the nearby Ruaka to the north west. The highest point of the site is located to the NW in the Rosslyn Lone Tree Estate at an altitude of over 1765 metres above sea level. The lowest point in the site is located to the east on the river valley formed by the River Karura passing through the centre of the site. Topography to the south of the site has mostly been modified for the construction of buildings and roads hence interfereing with the natural flow of surface runoff
SECTION A-A
SECTION C-C
SECTION B-B
SECTION D-D
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
HYDROLOGY
BASIN ANALYSIS
FLOW ACCUMULATION ANALYSIS
FILL ANALYSIS
The site has two types of drainage features; rivers and water reservoirs. Rivers in the site include River Karura and its tributary as well as River Ruiruaka which generally flow from the NW direction to the SE direction. River Karura has one of its tributaries with its source to the south of the site. The water resevoir located to the south east section of the site is artificial and has the River Kaura tributary passing through it as it flows eastwards.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
GEOLOGY
The site and its immediate surounding has three dominant rock types: -Nairobi Trachyte -L.Kerichwa Tuff -U.Kerichwa Tuff The three rock types all yield igneous volcanic soils which are rich in nutrients and hence very fertile. The volcanic rocks are tough and stable hence ideal for contrstruction of settlements, infrastructure and other built-up area components.
VEGETATION AND OPEN SPACES
Vegetation cover in the site is mostly dense comprising of a mix of both exostic and indegenious tree species, extensive grass cover (both artificial and natural) and bare sections The vegetation to the north of River Karura is denser than that to the south of the same river. Human settlements tend to be located in more dense vegetation areas while the open spaces are unihanited and have less dense vegetation.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
The site is charactised by a variety of settlement patterns and built form influenced by residential use of land. The settlement patterns include: 1.Nucleated pattern as seen in the residential estates of Rosslyn Heights and Rosslyn Gardens 2.Scattered pattern as seen on the eastern end of Rosslyn Lone Tree Road residential estate 3.Linear pattern as seen on the northern end of Rosslyn Lone Tree Road residential estate
EXISTING LAND USE
The site has six dominant land use classes. These include: 1.Residential use- This is the most dominant land use evidenced by several estates. 2.Transport use- This is the second dominant land use providing access and circulation 3.Mixed use- This is a blend of both residential cum commercial use. 4.Commercial use- This is due to the Total Filling station to the north west to the site. 5. Conservation use- This is dominant along the river valleys and the water reservoir. 6. Recreational use- This is dominant in the open spaces to the south west of the site.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
INFRASTRUCTURE
The site is serviced by fairly sufficient amount of infrastructure throughout. These include: -roads (all weather and dry weather) used for accessing and circulating through the site -water tanks used for storage of water mostly for domestic use -storm water systems used to transfer of excess surface runoff downhill -bridges used for crossing river channels -street lights used for lighting up roads and other accesses during the night -power lines used for the supply of electricity to households and businesses -underground fibre cables used for data and internet connection to households Majority of the infrastructure is trunk in nature hence is situated majorly along roads.
STRUCTURING ELEMENTS
The site is basically the extent of Rosslyn Estate as a whole. Rosslyn estate comprises of several gated and ungated communities. the gated communities include Rosslyn Lone Tree Estate, Rosslyn Heights Estate and Rosslyn Garden Estate. The site is structured by rivers and roads. These structuring elements forms the boundaries between different districts of the site. The site is also structured by landmark buildings such as Two Rivers Mall to its north and Rosslyn Rivera Mall to its north east. The boundary structuring elements typically forms breaks between different estates or gated communties.
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
WATER SUPPLY
COST OF WATER
The average cost of water in Rosslyn Estate is between Ksh. 0 and Ksh. 50 per litre
DAILY CONSUMPTION OF WATER
90 to 100% of Rosslyn Residents have access to piped water from Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company Water supplied to Nairobi City by dams is about 525,000 m3/day per day which is not sufficient for the city of over 3 million people. Stormwater is a wasted resource in Nairobi as such the city could meet 86% of its water demand from RWH, if 30% of rainfall were harnessed Majority of Rosslyn Residents consume between 160-320 litres per capita daily
THE PLAN
PROPOSED STRUCTURE PLAN
THE PLAN
PROPOSED LAND USE PLAN
THE PLAN
PROPOSED MASTER PLAN
THE PLAN
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN: RECREATIONAL PARK
The part development plan is a recreational park located to the south west of the site. The recreational park will be established on a gently sloping parcel of land. The recreational park will be accessed from Redhill road to the south and the residential access road to the east. The recreational park has a fountain at the centre to give a focal point and sense of direction to the park users. The park greenery and tree varieties will be irrigated by water collected from the nearby collection complex. The recreational park will have park benches to enhance user experience and comfort when using the park. The variety and interesting walkways will promote access of the users to all sections of the park
THE PLAN
PART DEVELOPMENT PLAN: WATER TREATMENT COMPLEX
The part development plan is a recreational park located to the south west of the site. The recreational park will be established on a gently sloping parcel of land. The recreational park will be accessed from Redhill road to the south and the residential access road to the east. The recreational park has a fountain at the centre to give a focal point and sense of direction to the park users. The park greenery and tree varieties will be irrigated by water collected from the nearby collection complex. The recreational park will have park benches to enhance user experience and comfort when using the park. The variety and interesting walkways will promote access of the users to all sections of the park
WRITING SAMPLE This is an essay I wrote for the Many Languages, One World during the 2017 Student Essay Contest and Global Youth Forum. The essay discusses the ideas of global citizenship, cultural understanding and the role that multilingual ability can play in fostering these principles.
MUGE ALFRED-ENGLISH
“Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status” Article 2 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) Being a citizen of any country or state is an elaborate opportunity for greater good not only for the mother country of an individual but for the planet earth as a whole. Citizenship is the identity between an individual and a town, city, state or nation and their sole right to live, work and take part politically in a given area. When combined with the term "global or world", it any person who identifies with a "global community" above their identity as a citizen of a particular nation or place. As a kid, growing up in a developing country was the toughest of all happenings. Believe you me English was the least on my long list of worries as a boy from the Rift Valley Region of Kenya. Kalenjin, my mother tongue as well as little bits of Swahili was all I could eloquently speak till the age of about 10. This was such a let down to my hardworking mother who ironically a teacher. For a fact, however, is that Swahili is a language that is regional in scale; as such it is spoken in most East African countries and tries to unify it in socio-economic and political ties. My roles as a kid were more individualistic and localized to my few friends and family. On joining secondary education at Kericho High School and later higher education at the Technical University of Kenya (TUK) was when my global roles as an individual began making more sense. It may be true to say that at that time I began realizing the true value and meaning of life on earth. In high school, I attended Geography lessons which did much justice to my appreciation for nature at local and global scales by sharpening my mind with facts about vital geographical phenomena. On joining TUK for my undergraduate programme in urban and regional planning was the best thing that ever happened to me apart from citizenship of the globe. I have been able to understand the impacts that simple mistakes of individuals can bring to the quality of life on earth. My analytical skills of global challenges are slowly shaping up and hopefully mature to global standards. A global citizen is a person who places global citizenship above any nationalistic or local identities and relationships. Global citizenship, therefore, encompasses the fact that a person’s identity surpasses geographical locations or political boundaries and that the global community is interdependent and wholesome globally; humankind is generally one entity. Furthermore, rights or responsibilities are or can be derived from membership in a broader class, that is, humanity. Take an example of an example of primary school kids who partake in a tree planting exercise like I did many times in my remote school. They would fight over tree seedlings in a bid to plant the most but unknowingly would be leaving a significant mark on earth not only for the immediate generations but for future generations as well. Global citizens should be aware of the world as a whole, respect and value diversity of people and cultures and have the responsibility to participate in their communities from local to global scales. Citizens loyal to planet earth will say ‘NO’ to any action that will impact negatively to the globe but instead be profound ambassadors globally to sustainable development goals. As Hannah Arendit puts it “Global citizenship is an ethic care of the world”. Flexibility and creativity are vital skills that should be employed in problem solving and decision making roles of global citizens. Global citizenship roles of a person, however, does not mean that such a person denounces or waives their nationality or other, more local identities, but such identities are given "second place" to their membership in a global community. On a wider scale, the idea results into issues about the state of global society in the age of globalization.
Global citizenship has been widely applied in the fields of education and political philosophy. In education, it explains a world perspective and set of values to which education is oriented as such fostering global citizenship is 3rd priority of the UN Secretary General’s Global Education First initiative. Global citizenship education (GCE) has managed to overpower several other movements such as Education for Sustainable Development, human rights education and peace education. In philosophy, global citizenship supposes that social, political, economic and environmental aspects of the earth should be handled by different stakeholders at a global perspective in an interlinked manner. Further, political and geographical boundaries turn out vague and solutions to global issues surpasses minute aspirations at national level. In my opinion, a global citizen is not expected to have a command of all the over 800 languages on earth but instead is expected to be proactive in appreciating the fact that every of these language groups has an identity sole to them but also a global link as belonging to this planet. Although faced with several criticisms, I am can assert confidently that global citizenship has brought far much more positivity than its opponents. I may not be a citizen of more than one country, even though our Kenyan Constitution of 2010 has room for the same (dual citizenship), but one thing is certain I have “multi-citizenship” of all countries on earth. Cultural understanding, in my view, is ability of a person to respect and appreciate other people’s culture (s). For people to connect, interact and mingle freely, they should first understand amongst themselves their diverse cultural backgrounds. If I take the example of my campus life, TUK is a national university that admits prospective students from all over the country. Kenya is a proud country of 42 ethnic groups with different cultures. Once I was admitted to campus, I left my monopolistic Kalenjin culture slightly and began being exposed to much more varied cultures from several language groups. As a result, I had to first understand and appreciate the underlying differences that exist among the students even in my class of 78 before I could fully connect with most of them holistically. People ought to recognize, interpret and correctly react to other people, incidences or situations that are open to extreme misunderstanding due to cultural differences. There is no harm at all when people accept the fact that it is vital to understand the importance of vesting the same kind of rights and freedoms to all irrespective of cultural background. Multilingual abilities are those kind of abilities individual(s) have of having command in both verbal and written form of two or more languages. Monolingual abilities, on the other hand, is the use of a single language in communication especially a first language for an individual. Multilingual speakers for a fact far outnumber the monolingual speakers in the world. The UN is the best reference when it comes to issues of multiple languages. The UN is tasked with unifying the world’s population irrespective of culture, socioeconomic and political differences, as such it has managed to considerably achieve this by using multiple languages, for example the six languages used in this year’s essay competition, that is, Arabic, Spanish, English, Chinese, Russian and French. Multilingual abilities are quite vital to both global citizenship and cultural understanding. For global citizenship, for instance, is that multilingual abilities promote attainment of membership into the global community due to the varied languages in the world hence a good command of several languages is a plus to global citizens. Cultural understanding similarly gets the same kind of impact from multilingual abilities as global citizenship. To attain complete respect and appreciation of different cultures of the world, multilingual abilities are necessary in bridging the linguistic bridge existing between the different cultures.
I believe my purpose on earth is not confined to the four walls of my class room nor the beautiful hide-like borders of my country, Kenya, but the corner less endlessness of the globe.
Thank You