Design Portfolio by Ali Rais

CONTENT

SELECTED RESEARCH PAPERS AND DISSERTATION MACHCUBE

Theodore Spyropoulos Studio AADRL

INFINITY

Workshop I AADRL

ENCODED ASSEMBLIES Workshop II AADRL

HOUSING

Undergraduate Project Integral University

COMPLEX-CITY

DigitalFUTURES Workshop

ARCHIVE HOUSE

Undergraduate Project Integral University

SINGH HOUSE Lucknow India

MISCELLANEOUS

Community Centre Stadium Digital Sketches Staircase Working Drawing Sketches

RESEARCH PAPERS AND DISSERTATION RECIPROCATIVE RESPONSES

ABSTRACT - Architecture is no longer considered something static and immutable; instead it is seen as adaptive, interactive and behavioural. At every stage, architecture is seen to be implicitly controlled by the concept of behaviour and communication, whether realized or not. Interaction and spatial environments act as catalysts for enablement in an open framework of architecture. Such model helps in enabling and generating complex and symbiotic relationship between its users and observers within their respective environment. These models shows that architecture is much more than just a physical entity which encompasses a volume but is also behaviour and interaction based. To make architecture more interactive, the challenge is to build such environment that are shared between participant (observers and performers) and serves as a stimulus for complex interactions to happen through continuous exchange that are real time and behaviour based between human and observing agents, making architecture active, flexible and adaptive. Working towards this, behavioural complexity uses new forms of interactions that are social, material and environment. The essay contemplates the works of Minimaforms which tries to emulate the ideas of responsive architecture through behaviours and interaction in the physical world which responds to the user. The essay is a descriptive analysis which tries to understand the ideologies of behavioural complexity using two projects namely, Memory Cloud and other being the Petting Zoo. Both of these projects encompass the principle of behaviour complexity. Minimaforms is an experimental architecture and design based practice founded in 2002 by brothers Stephen and Theodore Spyropoulos.

AI : UNSEEN FUTURE ABSTRACT - Artificial Intelligence in the simplest term is the intelligence displayed by the machines. John McCarthy in 1956 during the Dartmouth College summer conference coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” and stated it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.” Whether realized or not AI is slowly being embedded into every known field ranging from architecture to medicine, banking to aerospace, etc. As the AI industry grows and its development speeds up, the more intelligent machines and autonomous systems are being produced, having the capability to replace the humans. There are numerous issues which are identified with the rise of AI. In this essay, I will centre the discussion around a vital issue these days i.e. joblessness. Be that as it may, in nations with strong economy, it is more extreme when contrasted with fast growing nations. Another essential issue is identified with profound quality, wherein the worry is identified with the morals of such machines which raise the issue of security. Another issue is identified with the skill of the machines. Up to what degree one can depend on the knowledge of these machines when it truly comes to wellbeing and security? This essay tries to contemplate various projects across different fields and then analyse the effect of AI whether positive or negative. Finally, the essay tries to present a view on the future of AI.

DYMAXION VERTICALITY ABSTRACT - A modernist approach towards architecture is which involves the efficiency of structure through its mechanism Buckminster Fuller has been an epitome of this modernist thinking during the early mid 20 th century and he also conducted some of the most enthralling architectural experiments of the time His concepts included the fundamental understanding of design as mechanism to produce effective, economic shelter for a varied number of users Among many of his projects and futuristic designs is design of Dymaxion House, which is based on sustainability i e usage of materials in a much more efficient manner and also suggesting ways for prefabricated construction Although the projects were quite futuristic but generally were seen as having engineering approach rather than architectural masterpieces having spatial properties and its relationship therein The essay aims to present the speculative understanding of his projects and futuristic designs, and the schooling of his dymaxion concepts and theories Dymaxion Houses are also analyzed for the environment proposed and not only for the technology involved The essay also focuses on how it relates to its precedents i e American Women’s House in the US by Beecher and also the House 17 by Walter Gropius (parallel in Europe) Finally, the essay analyses Fuller’s position in

DEALING WITH STREET VENDORS IN PUBLIC OPEN SPACE WITHOUT EVICTION: A CASE OF ATTA MARKET NOIDA

ABSTRACT - Street Vending as a Profession has been in existence in India since time immemorial. The hawkers are unique phenomena in all metropolitan cities of India. The practice of street vending might have begun centuries ago. There is a common saying that “where there is traffic, there is business” which reflects a characteristic of atta market Noida hawkers and vendors. Noida city has a large number of street vendors as an informal trade. Street vendors bring life to dull streets. They show where economic activity-on street and off street is concentrated. They can provide interest with colorful stalls costumers and merchandise, and they can enhance tourist also, we can say that they are the part of the city image but they create some problem also like -unpleasant urbanscape with producing garbage on the street and crowd on the footpath. Obstruction for pedestrian, another major problem is poor environmental sanitation because of littering etc. We can’t evict them because so many urban dwellers depend on street vending and because of eviction they become jobless so eviction is not a solution. The aim of the study is how to deal with street vendors in public open space without eviction and make that place successful public space. The objective of this study is to find out the various categories of street hawkers vending in atta market, for describing the nature of street vending activities in atta. This study also find the issues related with street vending which impact on the city and also suggest solutions how to deal with the vendors in public space without eviction. The study is useful to the civil authorities of noida, policy making institutions, and the general public. The only way that the government can effectively deal with the problem of street vending is by creating jobs for the youth.

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN IN URBAN DESIGN - AN APPROACH ABSTRACT - There are traces of planned cities like Harappa and Mohanjodaro from ancient times. The traditional knowledge of designing the cities has passed from generation to generation. Designing the urban areas like towns, cities and their spaces like public buildings, intersections, streets and parks is a complex process as they all have their own individual problems and are also inter dependent to each other. A number of planning parameters have to be considered while designing the urban areas and cities. Therefore, asynchronous planning approach is desired in urban design as it involves many aspects across different disciplines. Therefore, increasing complexity in layers with every step of the process, thus making it difficult to apply satisfactory solutions universally. With the advancement of technology, computational techniques are now being used in designing the buildings and sites, but it is not widely used at urban or macro level in countries like India. To help the situation we propose a new approach, which complements design methods used traditionally combined with a computational approach that can fulfil formalizable design requirements automatically. This article is an attempt to highlight the usefulness of computational design in urban design projects.

MACHCUBE THEODORE SPYROPOULOS STUDIO AADRL, London, UK Tutor - Theodore Spyropoulos Asst. Tutors - Mustafa El Syed, Apostolis De Spotidis Team - 3 Members Machcube as a research project is an epistemological investigation of architecture as an infrastructure that acts as a distributed system within a city. Through a continuous dialogue our architectural system is based on a dynamic framework which adapts to the needs of its surrounding environment. We propose a self-organising and adaptive system which is mobile and has the capability to self-structure. The research began by studying and analysing the potential of a cube and its variation of patterns to initiate mobility and flexibility. Further iterations on the evaluation of the criteria for mobility and self-structuring resulted in a flexible unit, which based on its rotation allows to have different states of self-assembly, reconfiguration and motion. The proposal creates an architectural system that is about collective experience and not the singular. Based on a five-unit chain working together that highlights the co-dependencies of the unit rather than on their individuality the focus is placed on the choreographed behaviour ensuring an importance to the system. The aim is to blur the difference between the one and the many within our environment. We have utilised machine learning and artificial intelligence in parallel with decision tree as well as various communication strategies resulting in a system that can observe and create infrastructure at a large-scale organisation allowing for spatial strategies, a distributed landscape condition and for city inhabitants to be entertained through their interaction with the collective units. Therefore, the project provides possibilities to create spaces within the city providing a new idea of culture in which people are an active agent in real-time space and urban configuration.

UNIT CREATION PROCESS

DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES

TWO UNIT CHAIN

FOUR UNIT CHAIN

PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT

CHAIN CREATION

LABELLING DATA

CLUSTER FORMATION

HUMAN INTERACTION PROTOTYPE

ORGANISATIONAL MODEL

HIGH POPULATION ITERATIONS

INFINITY Workshop I AADRL, London, UK Tutor - Tyson Hosmer Introduction The workshop, titled “Adaptive Manifold Assemblages” undertakes a design research into spatial, formal and material expression using 3D Modelling and 3D Printing. The study during the workshop explores topological mesh modelling, rind modelling and analysing strategically the role of manifold topologies to define architectural spaces. Closed manifold models were developed during the workshop which was feasible for 3D Printing. The project developed during the workshop named “infinity” explores infinite ways of using the helix and fusing it with other forms (such as hexagon, dodecahedron, etc.) to create structures which are stable enough and also has the flexibility which allows it to have a number of iterations while not compromising its strength and stability. The whole workshop study of this project revolves around the challenges and opportunities of using helix and interlocking it with other helixes. The final form is developed in three phases, each phase exploring helix differently while also keeping in mind its stability and strength, and enhancing its flexibility gradually at every respective phase. During the fabrication, a variety of dividing methods and joining strategies were discussed with different kinds of materials (PLA, Nylon, etc.) based on their features. Finally, the model printed with PLA is divided into three groups, each group containing six units respectively and then joined in a continuous loop. In the developing research, special-designed units are reorganised into different assemblages showing endless possibilities which reacts to “infinity”.

The Infinity means endless. As the title of this project it has two meanings - A continous loop of the final fotm; - Countless possibilities of the combination with flexible joints.

CONCEPT

In the reseach, double helix was divided into abstract unit to show the process of creating. Every unit was be divided into three parts, no matter which one is replaced, the final form changes. Furthermore, the relationship of two unit influenced the relationship between two duoble helixes in the final form. The process used for modelling of the final form started with a simple unit which was duplicated at a certain angle and directions. These units were connected into a helix, and interlocked with other two, then were deformed along a circle to form a loop in the end.

FORMING RESEARCH

JOINT STUDY

For the purpose of printing bigger scale models, the final form needs to be divided in to pieces. before that, jiont study is necessary. 11 kinds of joints are researched in the study to figure out the relationship with scale and shape of sections.

The final form is combined with 3 loop forms. The bigger two loop are divided in to 12 pieces using the most stable joint we have researched. The 3rd loop should be locked with others, for this reason, it is divided into 6 pieces of lines and 24 pieces of linking parts. This diagram shows the position of 42 pieces and 90 joint in the final form.

DIVIDING STRATEGY

The joint is divided along the edges of the original decahedron from which is was created.

The two interlocking rings that ultimately weave into two above rings are connected using simple rectangular joint. A slight skew of the male end of the joint helps in keeping the two pieces from easily slipping out.

Working as the most complex system of the final model, these elements rely mostly on tension once connected to the two above locking rings. The male and the female parts of the joints are simple, but its really the two components coming together that lends the whole to be called a â&#x20AC;&#x153;jointâ&#x20AC;? in this final model.

FORM ITERATIONS

With the combining logic mentianed before, lines can be formed with the codes.

With same directors, helixes can be formed by codes.

Also, with other connecting method like locking method discussed before, chains can be formed.

An stable net can be formed with a certain angel marked by the code.

A number of chain combined by the chain logic can be developed to a flexible surface wich is soft in a direction.

Also more complex form can be achieved based on this logic of the system.

ENCODED ASSEMBLIES Workshop II AADRL, London, UK Tutor - Tyson Hosmer Introduction The aim of the Workshop was to study and analyse the behaviour and the use of the Games of Life and Cellular Automata rules to develop complex geometries in form of stable and controlled structure. Our project is divided into four phases namely setup research, rules research, cellular automata research, the fourth phase is the hybrid research which explores how all these studies can be used together to develop a form in a controlled environment and then is the outcome which explores all the rules to achieve the Multi-types of shapes and structures. According to the outcome, it shows again the ability to control the volume use the rules of Game of Life and Cellular Automaton.

RULES RESEARCH

HYBRIDISATION RULE RESEARCH Experiment 3 : Hybrid Rules of CA with Game of Life, Density Rules and Age Rules

Experiment 3 : Hybrid Rules of CA with Game of Life, Density Rules and Age Rules

Experiment 3 : Hybrid Rules of CA with Density Rules

Outcome Views

HYBRIDISATION RULE RESEARCH Experiment 4 Outcome: Hybrid Rules of CA Rules with Game of Life, density Rule and Age Rule

Outcome Analysis

60 Layers

100 Layers when touchings

Outcome Views

Top: 1. 2.

based on Game of Life rules, we add the rules: We deﬁne the rules diﬀerent on the Top to make more chance of live cells on top. We make the died rule only 60% chance to work.

Middle: based on Game of Life rules,we add the rules: 1. Cells who live over 5 generations die. 2. Cellular Automaton rules.

Set up: 4 spaceships at 4 corners of a square, move forward in a speciﬁc direction.

100 Layers without touchings

HOUSING, LUCKNOW, INDIA Undergraduate Project Integral University, Lucknow, India Tutor - Sadaf Rizwan Introduction This housing project, was based on the concept of providing green spaces to every residential unit, at the same time uses the abudant natural light available for most part of the year. Also the planning is done in such a way to use the predominant wind direction for the purpose of cross-ventilation making the building less depenedent on mechanical or artificial means of air-change and cooling. Thus trying to take a sustainable approach towards the project.

FORM CONCEPT

Perspective

FORM EVOLUTION Taking single unit and dividing it in three major spaces. Private

Public Semi-Private

The private spaces are pushed upwards to enhance privacy.

The basic concept used is the arrangement of units. -Alternate blocks are rotated at an angle of 180 degree. - The arrangement allows enough spaces between the vertical blocks. -This provides better solar and wind access to the blocks

Private terraces and green slabs are introduced for every unit.

Placement of Blocks and Level Difference

SITE DEVELOPMENT

Site Evolution

Wind Direction Wind Flows from South East to North West.

6 M WIDE ROAD

9 M WIDE ROAD

Arrangement of Blocks of Row Housing and Apartments.

4.5 M WIDE ROAD

SITE PLANSite Plan

Circulation

10 M WIDE ROAD

4.5 M WIDE ROAD

18 M WIDE ROAD

6 M WIDE ROAD

10 M WIDE ROAD

30 M WIDE ROAD

Balcony

Ground Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan After First Floor

First Floor Plan 2 BHK

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan 3 BHK

Section AAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Section BBâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

ROW HOUSING

JUNKYARD

KITCHEN

BEDROOM

TOILET

TOILET BEDROOM

BEDROOM DRESSING ROOM TOILET

DINING/ LIVING

GARAGE BEDROOM DRAWING/ LIVING

LOBBY

ENTRANCE LOBBY

BALCONY

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Front Elevation

INTERIOR VIEWS

COMPLEX-CITY DigitalFUTURES Workshop Tutor - Alisa Andresek Asst. Tutor - Joshua Lye, Mary Spyropoulos, Xinyu Wu Introduction The Project addresses design for high density city based on the principle of complexity. In a world converted int information, future cities and buildings will be characterized by enhanced resilience, plasticity, and malleability of complex interrelated systems; increased designability within complex ecologies will allow for design of unprecedented nature, complexity and scale. The project investigates new resources of big data, AI, simulation and automated construction. Voxelized data derived from simulation of local physics is synthesized with discrete assembly models targeted at AI design exploration, researching new fundamental of architecture at increased resolution with super performance and previously unseen aesthetics.

MARS LANDSCAPES

Top View

Axonometric View

Top View

Axonometric View

Various Landscape were studied in the process of choosing a single one so as to understand the behaviour, terrain conditions. Also various analysis such as solar and wind provided with optimun amount of the data to understand how the complexivity can introducted in the later stages and how will it affected the landscape itself This dune is choosen out of the DUNES that were researched and study because of the variation in overall topology and ridges, lot of potential was seen in the distribution of the agents, and how the units can come along, THE DUNE also has a lot of space of the movement and this topology provides us with more freedom to look at our units AND CLUSTERS in a more expressive and behavioural way. Axonometric View

Agent Simulation

Agent Voxelisation

SOLAR ANALYSIS

Sunlight Hours Analysis (Summer)

Sunlight Hours Analysis (Winter)

VOXEL FIELD DIVISION

Top View of Voxel distribution pattern across the site The divison of the voxel field in completely based on the solar analysis, thus providing with good data that was later used in the synthesis of the city.

Cluster 01

Cluster 02

SYNTHESIS OF THE CITY

Cluster 01 The synthesis of the city is done based on solar analysis, it highlights that the habitable part is placed on the cliff to receive optimum sunlight but not too exposed because of the site being in hot zone. The industrial section of the city is placed on top on the energy storing and producing pod, the top of these units is double layered to provide space for the social gathering and interactive actives to take place. And the energy pod is placed on the bottom layer because of its being the least interactive and to avoid any interference with the working of the unit.

Agriculture and Energy Harvesting

15x15x15

Residential

10x10x5

Community Space

15x15x7.5

Commercial

15x15x15

Industrial

15x15x15

Energy Storage and Production

15x15x15

TOP VIEW

Cluster 02

Cluster 01

VIEWS OF THE VALLEY

ARCHIVE HOUSE, INDIA Undergraduate Project Integral University, Lucknow, India Tutor - Alok Uphadhay Introduction Project was based in Sector 9, Dwarka, New Delhi and was designed as a platform for learning for various age groups in a sustainable and interactive enviroment. Socio Economy Impact -Surrounding - Mostly buildings are educational, recreational, residential as well as a bus depot. The existing site is feasible for recreational and educational purposes. -Social Impact of the Building - It will be a gathering place for residential, recreational and educational areas. -Economy - Typology of the building is public and semi-public, so there will be a economical interaction between the building and the society.

CONCEPT AND SITE DEVELOPMENT Linguistics in Architecture

Every Face Has A Typeface

2 M Wide Divider 12 M Wide Road 8 M Wide (4 M Wide Paved and 2 M Wide Green on Either Side 2 M Wide Divider ‘Line’ (words) form the ‘Buildings’ (Architecture)

2 M Wide Divider

‘Words’ Build ‘Building’ ‘’building’ builds ‘words’ in context to architecture. Word

Phases Architecture

Imagination

Site : (200x275) M 55000 SQ.M. Name of the main Road : Road No.226 Width of the Road : 60M

SITE VIEW

Green Space

Area 650 sqm.

Area 1600 sqm.

Area 1610 sqm.

Area 190 sqm. Area 1115 sqm.

Area 1530 sqm. Area 1090 sqm.

Area 570 sqm.

Area 2340 sqm.

Atrium Area 1910 sqm.

Area 255 sqm.

Area 370 sqm.

Area 1280 sqm.

Area 2835 sqm.

Area 890 sqm. Area 140 sqm.

Green Space

Entry

Green Space

Entry

60 M Road

SITE PLAN

24 M Road

Exit

DESIGN IDEAS Human scale Small- sized objects are generally designed to accommodate intimate human needs. they respond to the scale of a person; for example, a seat must be comfortable, a display or exhibition stand needs to be at the required height and a shop counter should be accessible.

Room scale Medium - sized objects are of a larger scale and can be designed as complete unit. This may be huge exhibition, such as the ideal home exhibition or the room - sized element could be the room itself; for example, a dining room could be designed as a single installation.

Building scale Large - sized objects are often single elements that dominate a space. these may be several functions collected together in a substantially sized unit, which is carefully positioned within an existing or proposed building.

Model Showing Proportions of the Block

LIBRARY ORGANISATION Book Stacks

History

Inner Spaces

SPATIAL ORGANISATION BY SUBJECT

Science

Art Art

His

tory

Fiction

Fic Organized by subject

tion

Generic workstation

wsp

ller

Sec

tion

Sec

ape

tion

ead

ing

DIGITAL SECTION ON TOP FLOOR Studies have shown, that high CO2 concentration in the air influences the well-being as well as the performance and learning ability of people.

CAFETARIA TOWARDS COURTYARD Providing a canteen near courtyard would provide a ease of movement in and out with relaxation of mood and mind. Also there will few stacks placed inside with area demarcated.

1. ADMINISTRATION 2. ADULT READING AREA 3. CHILDREN SECTION 4. MISCELLANEOUS 5. LANGUAGE LEARNING CENTER 6. AUDITORIUM (250 PERSON) 7. CAFETARIA (600 PERSON) 8. DIGITAL SECTION 9. CIRCULATION 10. SERVICES 11. PARKING

7 HOW VENTILATION WORKS

Ground Floor Plan Lvl. +600

Second Floor Plan Lvl. +10000

First Floor Plan Lvl. +5300

Third Floor Plan Lvl. +14700

Dining area for the higher staff will provide them a beautiful vista of the inside as well as of the outside while enjoying their food.

Light shaded glass sunshade can be useful in monson to protect the readers form the rain and still they will have desired diffused natural light as well.

Well recesseded inside to give a sitting space outside and a playful space inside. By its distinct form it also changes the mood of the space as well.

Wooden surface to compliment the surrounding raw material of concrete.

Interior Open Space

ELEVATION SECTION & VIEWS

Kids Section (Teen Space with Gaming Consoles) on ground floor.

Waiting Area and the Entrance while standing in the lobby of the main block.

Section BBâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Front Elevation

Reading Area with its aligned composition of sitting area, glass chamber and the stacks.

Sitting cabinet for Headâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Office and the Librarian.

COMMUNITY CENTRE

The idea was to join all 4 mushroom shaped structures to form a dynamic 3 dimensional structure each representing major religion of our community. The fifth was designed to help completing a circumfrence which in the later stages was deleted.

All modules then were joined by a circular capsule internally to the lateral part of the module. For clear movement of the public to the spaces like reading centre, meditation, exhibition spaces, galleries and public.

Section showing the typical spaces of every module and the entrance to it. Some seating on the form of the stairs were provided where public activities are showcased or dramtized. The top and bottom voids are used for the services.

Stage where form began to take the shape. The whole mass was placed on to a 4.5 m high pediment under which guest houses and parking are provided. On which lecture halls, training development and restaurants are situated on the top.

When entering the hemispherical interved dome the stairs leads you to the reception area of the module which is the lateral part and from thereon to the adjoining structures through the capsules.

Section showing the connectivity between the sideways entry to the reception area which further leads you to the inner spaces like galleries, reading halls with big Ovulated glass facade in the front.

STADIUM

Top View The stadium geometry was generated through form finding technique using acoustic simulation to maintain noise within the stadium and minimize sound outside the stadium. Software Used - REVIT AND GRASSHOPPER

Elevational View

Ground and Stand Views

Section

DIGITAL SKETCHES - MAYA AND GRASSHOPPER (MORPHING GEOMETRIES)

Conceptual Sketch for pavillion design to study procedural design combining maya and grasshopper as a tool for design exploration.

Conceptual Sketch for pavillion design using tree structure approach in the design exploration to study procedural design combining maya and grasshopper.