ARCHITECTURAL PORTFOLIO
ALI SARMAD KHAN B.Arch E-mail: alisarmadkhan@gmail.com Mobile: +923445156466 Land-line: +924236622704 Address: 3, Police Officers’ Colony, Tufail Road, Lahore Cantonment, Lahore, Pakistan
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Urban Nomad (Third Year) 2. The Oasis (Third Year) 3. Spring Pavilion (Fourth Year) 4. Democracy in Architecture - YMCA (Fourth Year) 5. Transparency in Architecture - PGRI (Thesis)
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THE URBAN NOMAD Third Year - Second Project (Individual) March 2011 Supervisor: Prof. Arfan Ghani arfan.ghani@gmail.com The urban nomad is the modern wanderer whose needs disallow him from staying at one place for long periods of time.The project explores a mobile shelter which such a wanderer can take refuge in while they travel. The design incorporates a spiral framework made from Nitinol, a memory metal alloy and a skin consisting of thin photovoltaic cells. The entire structure is held up by a pneumatic base and collapses to form a thin wheel-like cylinder.
Power Requirements Electric Fan: 50 watts Laptop battery charger: 65 watts Mobile charger: 40 watts Miscellaneous: 50 watts
Tranformation Maximum weight of structure: 55 Kg (40 Kg framework and 15 Kg Solar Fabric + Nylon) 800 watts for 1 second (equivalent to jump-start): 0.2222 Wh
Power Source Thin-film solar fabric: Output: 3 Watts/sqft Available surface area (exposed): 150 sqft Maximum continuous power output: 450 Watts Solar film connected to 500W Uninterrupted Power Supply Unit, with surge capacity of 1000W.
Nitinol
Nitinol is an alloy of nickel and titanium and posseses the properties of shape memory and superelasticity. The alloy can be trained to ‘memorize’ a certain shape and return to it under the application heat or electricity after being deformed. The shelter uses two tubes (for contraction and expansion respectively) containing strands of nitinol that have been trained to retain the shape of a sprial, assiting in the deployment and packing of the structure.
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THE URBAN NOMAD
THE SHELTER
PET Film covering top aperture (occulus)
Sealabable side aperture and entrance
Photovoltaic film canvas Two-way Nitinol Framework
Hypalon pneumatic base
THE URBAN NOMAD
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TRANSFORMATION 1. Mobility mode: Undeployed pod can be transported via various mechanisms.
4. The Nitinol framework expands via a surge of electric charge.
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THE URBAN NOMAD
2. 1. Initial orientation Volumetric for deployment, arrangement of with the base predetermined facingonto programs downwards. the site.
5. Fully deployed pod is reinforced and the solar film shell activates.
1. 3. Penumatic Volumetric base inflates arrangement via inflation of predetermined mechanism programs attachedonto to the the pod. site.
6. The Occulus is sealed with a PET film cap using a zipping mechanism
DRAWINGS
DRAWN BY: SELF
THE URBAN NOMAD
05
THE OASIS Office Building
Institute of Architects of Pakistan
Third Year - Fourth Project (Individual) November 2011 Supervisor: Prof. Arfan Ghani arfan.ghani@gmail.com
The project encompasses design the of a sanctuary, evoking images of a ‘destination’. Part of the project was to design in response to climate with predetermined climatic zones assigned. The goal was to design an office of the Institure of Architects, Pakistan in the coastal city of Gwadar, within a relatively dense urban fabric. The implementation of the design was in accordance with critical regionalist practices with a translation of the folk dance (Dhamaal) of the local African origin Siddi (or Sheedi) community into architecture. All the while, maintaining the status of the site as an urban oasis via use of passive cooling systems.
Climatic Zone Coastal (High humidity, mild temperature)
Site Gwadar City, Makran Coast
Limitations Two 10 storey buildings (west) & One 3 storey building (north)
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THE OASIS
During dancing ceremonies, members of the Siddi community adorn themselves with traditional African tribal make up and jewellery as a homage to their lineage. The Dhamaal consists of extravagant movements sometimes emulating animals and always incorporating multiple props (coconuts, spears) and to the beat of traditional African percussions instruments.
The Site
PROCESS I The extremities of the Sheedi Dhamaal were recorded from three different performances video and then appropriated into three dimensional lofted forms, which were then appropriated into an architectural language through the use of study models and utlitiraian modifications.
1
1
2
2
3
3 Integration into site
The study models helped resolve the spatial relationships between the derived members, thereby aiding the application of a skin.
THE OASIS
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THE PROCESS II
A layered shell consisting of layers of RCC clad on a rammed earth core is assembled between adjacent vertical members; because of the undulating nature of the surfaces, these layers are clad on top of a steel mesh core which provides further reinforcement. Apertures are then added according to wind directions and light conditions.
Bija Teer A haptic experience is induced via the curvilinearity of the interior and exterior walls which allude to the movements and subtleties of dance.
S-W 08
THE OASIS
N-E
PASSIVE COOLING SYSTEMS
THE OASIS
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DRAWINGS
DRAWN BY: SELF
GREEN ROOF DETAIL
LEVEL 1 (GF) PLAN
SHELL SECTION A-A'
SEE DETAIL I
LEVEL 2 (FF) PLAN
LEVEL 3 (SF) PLAN
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THE OASIS
SHELL SECTION B-B'
DETAIL I
N
THE SPRING PAVILION
“A concept is a brick. It can be used to build a courthouse of reason. Or it can be thrown through the window.” - Giles Deleuze - Information embedded in the material
Fourth Year - First Project (Group) February 2012 Role: Joinery Design, Concept Development,
(bamboo) and form (tensile integrity) of the final pavilion can be explored by the user.
Documentation and Assembly
“Tensional integrity or floating compression, is a
Supervisor: Prof. Faisal Sajjad
structural principle based on the use of isolated
- Being internally stable, the encompassing
faisalsajjad73@gmail.com
components in compression inside a net of
mesh of tensile and compressive members
continuous tension, in such a way that the
would not be constrained to one particular
compressed members (usually bars or struts) do
orientation but would stabilize on multiple axes
not touch each other and the prestressed
depending upon the arrangement of the
tensioned members (usually cables or tendons)
members.
- The project is an interpretation of the Pleats of Matter – a commentary on Gottfried Leibniz’s text on folds and folding (Le Pli) by the 20th century French philosopher Giles Deleuze
delineate the system spatially.” - Wikipedia
stating that information is embedded in folds in
- The structure would be light enough to allow
space.
Parallel Processes
its users to continuously relocate it from one Study Models
site to another throughout the college premises,
- Using the principles of tensional integrity or
gathering information - adding to the folds.
‘Tensegrity’ as explored by Buckminster Fuller in the 1950s, we set out to create an encompassing mesh that would satisfy both these facets of the project. - Information is embedded into the pavilion through its interaction with users, the composition of the environment and via
Permanent bending of some members via heat and pressure.
exposure to the elements.
Gathering Information
Dynamic Attributes
Dynamic State
Gathering Information
Dynamic State
Gathering Information
Conscious relocation + The Elements (Wind)
THE SPRING PAVILION
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PAVILION DETAILS Parachute Fabric Bent Dry Bamboo
One of two primary tensile members
Pseudo Tensile Member, both compressive and tensile
Straight Dry Bamboo Primary compressive member
Sliced Bamboo Joinery Rubber Coat Fabric
2
3
Nylon Rope
1
Fail-safe Tensile Member
1 - Threaded hook 2 - Wood piece with grooves 3 - Dual clamp reinforcement
Fabric-Hook Joinery 2
3 1 3
1 - Leather patches sewn on both sides of fabric 2 - U-shaped steel component 3 - Threaded hook 4 - Reinforced with cable tie
Full Bamboo Joinery
3 2
1
1 -Threaded hook 2 - Cylindrical wooden piece 3 - Singular hose clamp reinforcement
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THE SPRING PAVILION
THE PROCESS
Experimenting with nylon ropes as a tensile member.
Incorporating compressive members.
The dynamicity of the pavilion allows it to not be affixed to one site but rather move to and from multiple sites, providing for a different spatial experience and orientation every time.
THE SPRING PAVILION
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A Democratic Program
Democracy in architecture The Young Men’s Christian Association
Internal Program Relationships
Changes on the whims of the majority, the spaces have to be flexible. Accomodates any change in activity, whether monthly or daily. To be governed from the Pak Tea House, a traditional academic haven. Pak Tea House is to be integrated into the program and absorbed by the YMCA.
Fourth Year - Second Project (Indiv.) March 2012 Supervisor: Prof. Faisal Sajjad faisalsajjad73@gmail.com
The objective of the exercise was to redesign the Lahore YMCA while considering existing programmatic requirements and the application of basic bylaws.
The educated rich who already have access to these facilities elsewhere find incentive in the academic environment of the Pak Tea House. Program divided into mind, body and spirit sub-programs to reflect the mission of the organization.
Site
Site details
16 Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam (The Mall)
Total site area: 23291 sqft Perimeter of site: 699’
Specifications
N
Large square facing south, economic hub. J am ia M os qu e H in du T em ple
M ayo H os p ital
o ad
E w in g H all (F C College)
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Large market and religious complex.
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Design Rationale
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Space that: -Is Approachable, Accessible, -Is Honest, Transparent, -Facilitates Democracy, -Functions on the principles of a Republic, -Does not force its will upon the occupants.
K in g E d ward M edical College
N ila G u m bat
li R
Fourth Year: Individual Project Total covered area: 21870 sqft Structural Footprint: 11581 sqft Percentage of site used: 47.68% (L:65%) Floor Area Ratio: 1:0.90 (L:1:2.4) Rear Clearance: 17’-9” (L:13’)
Case Studies
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)
ZT B an k
N ation al B an k
-Richard Rogers: Pompidou Centre, Lloyd’s Bldng. -Bjarke Ingels (BIG): Tallin Town Hall, Estonia -Tahrir Square, Cairo, Egypt
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DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
Existing construction.
B an k S q u are
R oad
DESIGN PROCESS Hierarchical design methodology
1. Volumetric arrangement of predetermined programs onto the site.
2. Consolidation of volumes & addition of circulation volumes.
4. Central circulation spine added & spaces readjusted.
5. Final consolidation of spaces and fenstration.
3. Triangulation of independent geodesic steel structural systems.
6. Addition of details and installation of systems.
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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FEATURES
Y.M.C.A. Insignia Central Corridor (Spine) Exposed systems and utilities
Geodesic (Icosahedric) Steel Framework
Multiple Entrances Collapsible auditorium windows
Learning Observation Deck/ Rooms Museum Staff Toilets Offices II Parliament Administration Toilets Pak Tea Library House Storage Kitchen Indoor Games Restaurant Auditorium Conference Room Shop Lounge Staff Offices I
Registration
Recreational (Soul)
Administrative
Toilets Food/Services (Body) Educational (Mind)
Planar Program Distribution 16
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
Adjoining spherical volumes create flattened circular openings and curvilinear surfaces, creating a unique haptic, spatial experience.
Spatial Experience
VIEWS
Exposed Utilities (Functional Aesthetic)
Illumination
Triangulated Fenestration
Continuity of Space & Vertical Circulation
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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DRAWINGS
DRAWN BY: SELF
Horizontal Section at 40’ Horizontal Section at 7’
Section A-A’
Horizontal Section at 18’
Section B-B’
SW
NW
N
Horizontal Section at 28’ 18
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
Elevations
NE
SE
TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE
PAKISTAN GENETIC RESOURCES INSTITUTE
2005 Fifth Year - Thesis Project (Individual) January 2013 Supervisor: Prof. Tariq Khalidi
Election of Pope Benedict XVI
A New Media Watching the Watchmen
mtkhalidi@hotmail.com
Julian Assange addresses his supporters outside the Ecuadorian Embassy
SITE
Building Material
Punjab University Farmlands, Lahore
2013
Materials and Accountability
Election of Pope Francis
Attenuation
GENERAL CASE STUDIES PGRI - Islamabad, Millenium Seed Bank - Kew The project is an experiment in introducing a traditionally reclusive building type: a Seed Bank, into the public domain and thereby creating a transparent model for public buildings. It discovers the advent of WikiLeaks and its subsequent effect on social dynamics and proposes a change in architecture that supplements the aforementioned. By successfully implementing such architectural reforms, it may be possible to empower the public in ways that may have consequences beyond the realm of architecture.
“
Crowd gathered outside the Ecuadorian Embassy in support of Assange after the issue of his arrest warrant.
72% of Pakistanis have access to cellphones (60% Smart Phones) and therefore arguably the internet.
Wireless Signal Penetrability Chart
Transparency in the Public Domain Architecture in the age of WikiLeaks
Policy and Architecture INCOMPATIBLE POLICY/PROTOCOL
COMPATIBLE POLICY/PROTOCOL
Education through Exposure
- Typical Library Program - Free Entry - Democratic Values - Decentralized Administration - In the Public Domain
- Surveillance Office Program - Strict Administrative Heirarchy - Complete Isolation from Public Eye - Unpopular in public opinion
Signage
ANTI-TOTALITARIAN ARCHITECTURE
L
IBR
Y AR
- Porous Circulation - Proximity to Public Space - Complete Visual Accessiblity - At a prominent location - Library specific spaces
Y
AR
R LIB
LIBRARY FULLY INTEGRATED INTO THE PUBLIC DOMAIN
If for example, a library is taken over by a totalitarian government, which decides to appropriate the building to act as a surveillance office, the architecture of the library can theoretically make such intrusions impractical and inefficient; the library is thereby rescued by virtue of its architecture and remains in the public domain, continuing to serve a purpose that is in the interest of the general public.
ION CAT CONVE NTIAL EDU
RESISTANCE
Factory
Formally constructed mandatory courses taught for decades without revision at times, with little to no choice on part of the student.
CATION THROUGH EDU E XP OS UR E
High School
Information Boards
Visitors gain further knowledge about the origin of the products that they consume.
University Courses still taught hierarchically but students have the opportunity to attain education independent of formalized courses.
Post Office
Knowledge dispersed as a secondary measure, a consequence of exposure to public.
Non-Interactive Displays Increa
sing D isse
mniat
Interactive Displays
ion of Inform
ation
Observation
Museum
The primary purpose of a museum is that of the dissemination of Seed Bank knowledge, the Those who had no interest in secondary purpose is the technical fields of botany recreation. may find a new hobby.
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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MODES OF TRANSPARENCY
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TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE - PGRI
THE SITE
DIMENSIONS
FOLIAGE
FOLIAGE CLUSTERS
SITE SELECTION CRITERIA - Close to all agricultural centres of the country.
FIGURE-GROUND
AND SITE ACCESS
VISIBILITY FROM ROAD
Low density clusters of construction around the two water towers on the site, leaving ample room for new construction.
MAJOR ROAD The Southern side of the site is adjacent to Usmani Road, a major artery that connects Gulberg to Johar Town via Faisal Town.
- Availability of farmland to support seed propogation.
DIAGRAM
SPARSE CLUSTERS
Two routes improvised by residents of the area that pass directly through the site.
The Sout Western corner of the side has sparse vegetation promoting visibility from Usmani Road.
- Within moderate to dense urban fabric.
CIRCULATION
IMPROVISED PATHWAYS
Clusters of dense foliage surrounds both water towers, partially hiding them.
Majority Vehicular 30’ Lanes, 24’ Service Lane (1-way)
- Proximity to BRT for ease of access for clients immediately outside of Lahore (the farming community).
Mixed (Majority Pedestrian) Mixed (Majority Two Wheeled)
a m
n ow lT ba Iq
Ga rd en
12 KH
A
JA 11 B PU AN N -E JA -J B AM
1
2
ALLAMA IQBAL MEDICAL COLLEGE
3
A G (P RI UN CU JA LT B UR UN A IV L L ER AN SI D TY S )
9
10
IN MA B
LE OU
4
B
A O N
M A
6
US s la nd
rm
T Fa E
Along major artery, Usmani Road
BOYS’ HOSTEL
7
MATERIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (PU)
8
DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS AND SCIENCES (PU)
sit
y
SI er iv Un
B
1
B
9
B
HAS
15
B
SAN
B B
B
10
B
ISFA
Mo de l To wn
Model Town Park
B
B
B
11 12
CRICKET GROUNDS WEDDING CEREMONY HALLS
UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND SCIENCES
SHEIKH ZAYED MEDICAL COMPLEX
Across PU floricultural research farm
B
HAN
B
13
A I RO
ha Jo
KALIM MEDICAL CENTER
550’
H
Sparse Vegetation
B
D
rT ow n
PLACEMENT OF BUILT AREA
B
13 14
AND IRRIGATION
The two water towers are responsible for providing water for the existing irrigation channels, if the channels are removed, the water could be rerouted for other purposes.
VIEW FROM SITE
UL
B
GIRLS’ HOSTEL
IR
D A RO N K BA L N A
3
SKANS ACCOUNTANCY SCHOOL
5
ABD
View Canal
7
WATER CHANNELS
WATER TOWERS
B
4
2
H VIEW FROM SITE
D
8
CA
Punjab Univ ers ity
JINNAH HOSPITAL
RD
VA
B
6
Pedestrian Only
3000 ft
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY FLORICULTURE FARM
To w
IA
5
N
SITE CONTEXT
Tow n
n
Al la
New Musli m
15’ Lanes (2-way)
14
B
16
15 Faisal To
wn
16 B
NUCES
NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER
H
NESPAK
BUS STOP
350’ VIEW FROM SITE
RESIDENTIAL DOMINANCE Landuse dominated by a variation of residential and institutional residential zones in the form of Punjab University hostels.
Context
LANDUSE
The site is placed opposite Punjab University’s floricultural farm, in an attempt connect the isolated department to the rest of the university, thereby promoting pedestrian permeability through the site.
AND CONTEXT
FLORICULTURE FARM
South Water Tower
The Punjab University Floricultural Farm is adjacent to the site on Usmani Road. Residential
Graveyards
Health
Hostel
Organization
Agricultural land
Visibility Spectrum
Point of highest visibility
Visibility for oncoming traffic on Usmani Road varies at different points along the site, and is maximum towards the Southern end where foliage is relatively sparse.
controlled by PU
Recreation
Agricultural land on lease
Commercial
Solar Insolation
Northern Water Tower
Foliage at the periphery provides shade for passing pedestrians, making it more likely that they’d ‘accidentally’ stumble upon the complex on site.
Proximity to Marian Bus Stop The closest Bus Stop to the site is the Marian Bus Stop located on Usmani Road, with the closest point on site being the eastern edge of the site.
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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THE PROJECT Facilities that support the preservation and preparation of seeds. Such institutes are generally colloquially referred to as just ‘Seed Banks’. The PGRI, is such a facility. Seed Banks are ‘genetic’ banks that physically store samples of seeds, they may vary from seeds of food crops (as a precaution in the case of a global catastrophe) to a rare species of plant (for the preservation of biodiversity).
Agricultural Research Wing Pakistan Agricultural Research Council National Agricultural Research Center Pakistan Genetic Resources Institute
17 Staff, 10 Supporting Staff Public space designed for 100 persons at maximum capacity. 5 Departments within the technical facility
Proposed Transparency
THE SEED EX. THE KNOWLEDGE COMPLEX
ADMIN
Invitro Intro & SH GERM Eval SUPPORT
SEED PRES. E&C
GENE BANK DATA M
FOREIGN EXPERTS
Desirability (w.r.t dissemination of unique knowledge)
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Shops Zarai Taraqiati Bank
2000 sqft
Chai Khana
2200 sqft
Services
3000 sqft
The Seed Exchange
11000 sqft
Federal Ministry of Food, Agri and Livestock
CHAY KHANA
900 sqft 1400 sqft
TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE - PGRI
1480 sqft
Introduction & Seed Health
1770 sqft
Seed Preservation
1900 sqft
Administration
2200 sqft
In-Vitro Preservation
2580 sqft
Exploration and Collection
2730 sqft
Germplasm Evaluation
3280 sqft
Data Management
4050 sqft
Foreign Experts
5100 sqft
Gene/Seed Bank
The Knowledge Complex
Introduced Program
Modified PGRI Program
Total: 20500 sqft
Total: 25090 sqft
DESIGN PROCESS
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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ZONING AND MASTERPLAN
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TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE - PGRI
DRAWINGS
DRAWN BY: SELF
N
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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DRAWINGS II
N
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TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE - PGRI
DRAWINGS III
DEMOCRACY IN ARCHITECTURE - YMCA
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POTENTIAL CLIENTS
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TRANSPARENCY IN ARCHITECTURE - PGRI