SPORTS CITY UNDERGRADUATE THESIS by Karn Alok

A THESIS PROJECT REPORT Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of BACHLEOR OF ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MESRA, PATNA CAMPUS

SPORTS CITY, VADODARA

A THESIS REPORT

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF THESIS GUIDE

AR. JAYA ZAMBAD (Asst. Professor) BIT MESRA, PATNA CAMPUS

Signature of Co-ordinator of Programme …………………………………………….. AR. PRADEEP KUMAR (Asst. Professor) BIT MESRA, PATNA CAMPUS

DECLARATION

This is to certify that the work presented in this thesis entitled “SPORTS CITY” in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Architecture at Birla Institute of Technology Patna is an authentic work carried out under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge, the content of this thesis report does not form a basis for the award of any previous Degree to anyone else.

…………………………….... AR. JAYA ZAMBAD (Asst. Professor)

Department of Architecture Birla Institute of Technology, Patna

The thesis project as mentioned above is hereby approved as a creditable study of project work and has been presented in a satisfactory manner to warrant its acceptance as prerequisite to the degree for which it has been submitted.

………………………

(External Examiner -1)

(External Examiner -2)

………………………………… Dr. Anamika Nandan Head of the Department of Architecture Birla Institute of Technology, Patna

DEDICATION

I would like to dedicate my thesis to my beloved brother (LATE. ADITYA PRAKASH, who was a tennis player and a big fan of sports. He always emerged as my biggest strength and motivated me while selecting and completing the thesis topic.

(LATE. ADITYA PRAKASH) 10-12-1997 to 21-05-2018 Tennis Player Electronics and communication Dept. BIT PATNA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I have to thank my Thesis Guide, [Ar. Jaya Jambad], without her assistance and dedicated involvement in every step throughout the process, this paper would have never been accomplished. I would like to thank you very much for your support and understanding over these days I would also like to show gratitude to committee, including Ar. Anushri Barman (Asst. Professor), and Dr. Anamika Nandan (Head of Dept.) for giving me an opportunity to get start with the research topic. Getting through my thesis required more than academic support, and I have many, many people to thank for listening to and, at times, having to tolerate me over the past four years. I cannot begin to express my gratitude and appreciation for their friendship. They have been unwavering in their personal support during the time I spent at my research. I would like to thanks to all my senior and juniors for their support. I would like to thanks to Ar. Ashutosh Kumar (Asst. Professor), who always helped and motivated and appreciated me in achieving my goal. I would like to say special thanks to myfriend Saumya, Divya, Utkarsh Sharma, Krish Pratik, Apurv Emmanuel and other people who always keep motivating and supporting me directly or indirectly during my thesis period. At last I would like to thanks my family and almighty God .This could not have been possible without your love and prayers.

-ALOK Kr. KARAN

ABSTRACT

This research paper entitled as “SPORTS CITY” is an attempt to study the past, present and future of designing a city which itself has a vibrant gatherings and healthy sports environment. Recently, in India after the regular bad performances in Olympics, the government realised to provide sports cities with sports infrastructure facilities to those who wish to take sports as career. According to FICCI 2016 report, 1.3 million youngsters in the country wish to make their career in sports. Looking at the sports condition in India, it seems that it has become a single sports nation i.e. cricket has become dominant over all other types of sports. We are second most populous country in the world but we in Olympics and other international games events we just struggle to bring average no.of medals. It shows that we lack in sports culture on international platforms. But this is not true, we are having multi-talented players across the country. They do not get chance to prove themselves due to lack of sports culture in our society. Since it has become a mainstream in society not to take sports as a career. So if we wanted to see India as a “multi-sports nation” we need to nourish the sports culture from the childhood. Middle East countries have succeed in this by developing sport cities. Every group of society irrespective of any discrimination must involve himself/herself in sporting activities to make nation proud at international games events. On the other hand, our country has been called as a capital of unhealthy nation. Since most of the people across the country suffer from major health issues. It is because they do not involve themselves in any kind of physical activities. Taking sports can help them to overcome this,it will help them to be mentally and physically fit. This research paper clearly investigates the process to design a sports city dealing with all the necessary factors and aspects. It aims to build a sustainable sports spirit raising environment taking society as whole. It is hoped that this study will act as a source of guidance for those researchers and designers who are in need of designing a “smart” sports city. Keywords: sportsCity: sports park: wing parking: wave front: Gigantic Truss: solar flood.

TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION………………………………………………………………………I DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………III ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………IV TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………...V LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………...VI LIST OF TABLES, MAPS AND CHART………………………………………….VII DESCRIPTION………………………………………………………………………VIII I.CHAPTER I……………………………………………………………………………. 1. INTRODUCTION –A Search………………………………………………………1 1.1. Need/identification………………………………………………………………..2 1.2. Justification/Interest………………………………………………………………2 1.3. Aim of Project…………………………………………………………………….3 1.4. Objective………………………………………………………………………….3 1.5. Methodology……………………………………………………………………...4 1.6. Scope ……………………………………………………………………………..4 1.7. Limitations………………………………………………………………………..5 1.8. Site Information…………………………………………………………………..5 1.8. A. Site location………………………………………………………………..5 1.8. B. Site Area……………………………………………………………………5 1.8. C. Authority proposing the project……………………………………………6 1.8. D. Cost of project……………………………………………………………..6 1.8. Infrastructure at the proposed city…………………………………………….6 1.8. F. Reference…………………………………………………………………..6 CHAPTER 2 (LITERATYRE REVIEW AND STANDARDS)……………………7 2.1. Brief introduction about sports city……………………………………………..7 2.2. Types of sports city……………………………………………………………..7 2.3. Role of sports in the city………………………………………………………..7 2.4. Fans need in the sports …………………………………………………………8 2.5. Aspects necessary in the sports city…………………………………………….9

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Spatial Aspects………………………………………………………………9 Programmatic aspects………………………………………………………..9 Organisational aspects………………………………………………………..12 Vision for sustainable city zone………………………………………………12

2.6. Site planning process…………………………………………………………….13 2.7. Facility layout……………………………………………………………………13 2.8. Minimum compliances and best practices……………………………………….14 2.9. Colours and materials……………………………………………………………14 2.10. Study on “Beijing National Stadium”………………………………………….15 2.10. A. Introduction………………………………………………………………15 2.10. B. Stadium Design…………………………………………………………..15 2.10. C. Structural design…………………………………………………………15 2.10. D. Use of steel……………………………………………………………….16 2.11. Study on ISCON VILLA, Ahmedabad…………………………………………17 2.12. Standards………………………………………………………………………..18 2.12. A. Stadiums………………………………………………………………..18 2.12. B. Sports hall………………………………………………………………20 2.12. C. Outdoor pitches…………………………………………………………23 2.12. D. Indoor Pitches…………………………………………………………..25 2.12. E. Athletic field…………………………………………………………….26 2.12. F. Tennis court……………………………………………………………..27 2.12. G. Shooting Range…………………………………………………………28 2.12. H. Swimming Pool…………………………………………………………29 2.12. I. Diving…………………………………………………………………….30 CHAPTER 3 (INVESTIGATION)…………………………………………………… 3.1. Case studies………………………………………………………………………28 A. Live case studies………………………………………………………………28 B. Literature case studies…………………………………………………………28 3.2. Selection criteria…………………………………………………………………..28 3.3. Relevance to thesis topic………………………………………………………….28 A. LIVE CASE STUDIES……………………………………………………………29 3.4. Shiv Chhatrapati sports Complex, Balewadi, Pune……………………………..29 3.4.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………29 3.4.2. History………………………………………………………………………29 3.4.3. Site location…………………………………………………………………29

3.4.4. General Information…………………………………………………………29 3.4.5. Design Philosophy………………………………………………… ………..30 3.4.6. Design Challenge…………………………………………………………….30 3.4.7. Site approach…………………………………………………………………30 3.4.8. Site plan………………………………………………………………………30 3.4.9. Zoning………………………………………………………………………...31 3.4.10. Circulation ………………………………………………………………….32 3.4.11. Facilities……………………………………………………………………..32 3.4.11. A. Sports facilities……………………………………………………32 3.4.12. Structural system used………………………………………………………..37 3.4.13. Material used…………………………………………………………………37 3.4.14. Landscape…………………………………………………………………….38 3.4.15. Parking facilities……………………………………………………………...38 3.4.16. Support services………………………………………………………………38 3.4.17. Area programming and design capacity………………………………………39 3.4.18. Observation……………………………………………………………………40  

Pros…………………………………………………………………..40 Cons………………………………………………………………….40

3.4.19. Inference………………………………………………………………………40 3.5. Jaypee Atlantis Sports city, Noida……………………………………………………41 3.5.1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………41 3.5.2. Location………………………………………………………………………….41 3.5.3. History…………………………………………………………………………...42 3.5.4. General Information……………………………………………………………...42 3.5.5. Design Philosophy……………………………………………………………….42 3.5.6. Design challenge…………………………………………………………………42 3.5.7. Site /Master plan and zoning…………………………………………………….41 3.5.8. Facilities………………………………………………………………………….44 3.5.8. A. Sports facilities…………………………………………………………..44 3.5.8. B. Residential colonies and its integration to sports…………………………45 3.5.9. Landscape………………………………………………………………………….54 3.5.10. Parking facilities…………………………………………………………………54 3.5.11. Recreational facilities…………………………………………………………….54 3.5.12. Other facilities……………………………………………………………………54

3.5.13. Area programming and design capacity………………………………………….54 3.5.14. Observation…………………………………………………………………….....55  

Pros…………………………………………………………………………….55 Cons……………………………………………………………………………55

3.5.15. Inference………………………………………………………………………….55 B.LITERATURE CASE STUDIES……………………………………………………….56 3.6. Dubai sports city………………………………………………………………………56 3.6.1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………...56 3.6.2. Location………………………………………………………………………….56 3.6.3. History…………………………………………………………………………

3.6.4. General information…………………………………………………………… 57 3.6.5. Design Philosophy……………………………………………………………….57 3.6.6. Design challenge…………………………………………………………………57 3.6.7. Site plan………………………………………………………………………….58 3.6.8. Zoning……………………………………………………………………………59 3.6.9. Venues……………………………………………………………………………59 3.6.10. Facilities…………………………………………………………………………60 3.6.10. A. Stadiums……………………………………………………………….60 2.6.10. B. Residential colonies……………………………………………………..62 3.6.11. Inter-relation of sports and its society…………………………………………...63 3.6.12. Recreation facilities……………………………………………………………..63 3.6.13. Landscape……………………………………………………………………….64 3.6.14. Parking ………………………………………………………………………….64 3.6.15. Other facilities…………………………………………………………………...64 3.6.16. Area programming and design capacity………………………………………....64 3.6.17. Observations…………………………………………………………………......65  

Pros………………………………………………………………………65 Cons……………………………………………………………………...65

3.6.18. Inference………………………………………………………………………..65 3.6.19. Reference………………………………………………………………………..65 3.7. Yamuna sports complex, Delhi………………………………………………………66 3.7.1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………….66 3.7.1. History…………………………………………………………………………….66 3.7.3. Location……………………………………………………………………………66 3.7.4. General information………………………………………………………………..66

3.7.5. Design philosophy………………………………………………………………....67 3.7.5. Design challenge…………………………………………………………………..67 3.7.6. Site approach………………………………………………………………………67 3.7.7. Site plan……………………………………………………………………………67 3.7.8. Zoning and circulation…………………………………………………………….68 3.7.9. Facilities…………………………………………………………………………..69 3.7.9. A. Sports facilities…………………………………………………………69 3.7.10. Parking…………………………………………………………………………...72 3.7.11. Landscape………………………………………………………………………..72 3.7.12. Other support services……………………………………………………………72 3.7.13. Design capacity and area programming………………………………………….73 3.7.14. Green Initiatives………………………………………………………………….73 3.7.15. Observations……………………………………………………………………..74  

Pros……………………………………………………………………….74 Cons………………………………………………………………………74

3.7.16. Inferences………………………………………………………………………...74 3.7. 17. Reference………………………………………………………………………..74 CHAPTER 4 (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS)………………………………………….75 4.1. Sports area based comparison……………………………………………………….75 4.2. Functionality based comparison…………………………………………………….77 4.3. Environmental comparison………………………………………………………….77 4.4. Sports spirit raising comparison…………………………………………………….77 4.5. Social community building comparison…………………………………………….77

CHAPTER 5 (SITE ANALYSIS)……………………………………………………….78 5.1. Site justification……………………………………………………………………78 5.1. A. Why “Vadsar” in Vadodara..............................................................................79 5.1. B. Demographics…………………………………………………………………79 5.2. Site information……………………………………………………………………..81 5.2. A. Location………………………………………………………………………..81 5.3. B. Area and general information………………………………………………….81 5.4. C. Accessibility…………………………………………………………………...82 5.3. Site history………………………………………………………………………….83 5.4. Site context…………………………………………………………………………83

5.5. Natural factors……………………………………………………………………..85 5.5. A. Geology and geomorphology……………………………………………….85 5.5. B. Landforms……………………………………………………………………85 5.5. C. River basin…………………………………………………………………...85 5.5. D. Soil type and its characteristics……………………………………………..86 5.5. E. Water table………………………………………………………………….87 5.5. F. Circulation internal………………………………………………………….87 5.5. G. Topography…………………………………………………………………87 5.5. H. Drainage…………………………………………………………………….88 5.5. I. Storm water…………………………………………………………………..88 5.5. J. Vegetation……………………………………………………………………88 5.5. K. Hydrology…………………………………………………………………..88 5.5. L. Site wind direction………………………………………………………….89 5.5. M. Built-up and density……………………………………………………….89 5.6. Climate analysis……………………………………………………………………89 5.6. A. Climatic zone………………………………………………………………89 5.6. B. Rainfall……………………………………………………………………..90 5.6. C. Monthly Temperature……………………………………………………...90 5.6. D. Cloudy and sunny Day……………………………………………………91 5.6. E. Humidity…………………………………………………………………..91 5.6. F. Wind rose diagram…………………………………………………………92 5.6. G. Wind speed………………………………………………………………..93 5.6. H. Sun path diagram………………………………………………………….93 5.6. I. Sociography of site and its built environment……………………………..94 5.6. J. Comfort requirement and physical manifestation…………………………95 5.6. K. Orientation………………………………………………………………..95 5.6. L. Local vegetation and its role………………………………………………96 5.7. Social and cultural factors……………………………………………………….98 5.7. A. Existing land use…………………………………………………………98 5.7. B. Direction of development…………………………………………………99 5.7. C. Built up and density………………………………………………………99 5.7. D. Vegetation………………………………………………………………..99 5.7. E. Water elements………………………………………………………….100 5.7. F. Open spaces……………………………………………………………..100

5.7. G. Traffic and congestion…………………………………………………….100 5.7. H. Road networks…………………………………………………………….100 5.7. I. Socio-economic factors……………………………………………………..101 5.7. J. Social infrastructures………………………………………………………..101 5.7. K. Physical infrastructures…………………………………………………….102 5.8. Aesthetic factor……………………………………………………………………104 5. 8. A. Natural factor and visual resources…………………………………………104 5.8. B. Visual hierarchy…………………………………………………………......104 5.8. C. Skyline, scale and spatial features…………………………………………..105 5.9. Public concentration………………………………………………….. ……………105 5.10. Present activity pattern……………………………………………………………105 5.11. Noise source……………………………………………………………………….105 5. 12. Slums development……………………………………………………………….106 5. 13. Air quality…………………………………………………………………………106 5.14. Seismic zone……………………………………………………………………….106 5.15. Flood condition ……………………………………………………………………107 5.16. Issues related to site………………………………………………………………..108 5.17. SWOT analysis……………………………………………………………………108 5.18. Inferences…………………………………………………………………………..112 CHAPTER 6 (PROGRAMME FORMULATION)……………………………………..113 6.1.Proposed area statement……………………………………………………………123 6.2. Spatial classification and area programming…………………………………….126 6.3. Inter-relationship programming…………………………………………………..137 6.4. Proximity Chart…………………………………………………………………….142 CHAPTER 7 (SYNTHESIS)…………………………………………………………….142 7.1. Design Philosophy…………………………………………………………………..149 7.2. Design Concept……………………………………………………………………...149 CHAPTER 8 (TRANSLATION)………………………………………………………..149 8.1. Site Plan Development……………………………………………………………..149 CHAPTER 9 . CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………150 CHAPTER 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………150

LIST OF FIGURES 1. Site Location ……………………………………………………………………5 2. Fan need in sport city…………………………………………………………...9 3. Bird’s Nest View………………………………………………………………..15

4. Loa Distribution………………………………………………………………...16 5. Icon Villa Ahmedabad………………………………………………………...18 6. Stadium Layout…………………………………………………………………19 7. Stadium Orientation……………………………………………………………..19 8. String in Stadium………………………………………………………………..19 9. Shree Chhatrapati Sports……………………………………………………….33 10. Site location…………….……………………………………………………….33 11. Site Approach ………………………………………………………………….34 12. Zoning Building…………………………...……………………………………35 13. Circulation outdoor…………………………………………………………….35 14. Veledrome………………………………………………………………………36 15. Athletic Stadium………………………………………………………………...36 16. Boxing ring……………………………………………………………………..37 17. Tennis Court…………………………………………………………………….37 18. Basket ball……………………………………………………………………….37 19. Main stadium…………………………………………………………………......39 20. Structural System used……………………………………………………………40 21. Landscape…………………………………………………………………………41 22. Support Service……………………………………………………………………42 23. Jaylee Atlantis Sport City…………………………………………………………45 24. Cricket Stadium…………………………………………………………………..48 25. Sports……………………………………………………………………………..49 26. Multipurpose Indoor Stadium…………………………………………………….66 27. Parking……………………………………………………………………………69 28. Mean monthly temperature……………………………………………………….99

2018 THESIS TOPIC - SPORTS CITY

THESIS GUIDE AR. JAYA ZAMBAD 7/13/2018

SPORTS CITY

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2018

1.INTRODUCTION

Description

“The city with victorious credence” (Sports watching nation to sports playing nation) “Showing up begins long before you stand at the start. Prove yourself as exception in a world where people talk more than act. Intent without follow- through is hollow. Disappointed yourself enough lines and empty is how you fail. Make your nations proud .Fill yourself up. Show up”.

“The reason most of the children are having problems in any inner –city neighborhood is because they do not see e enough positive role models in their own environment”. -

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

MARLA GIBBS

1. BACKGROUND – PROBLEM STATEMENT In recent years, several cities have constructed new sports facilities in concentrated areas or supplemented existing facilities to create a themed sport zone. Some have branded these areas as “sports cities” to give them visibility and coherence. This thesis report gives a detailed analysis of how to design a sports city. The real issues, solutions, government roles, society roles, and other specific challenges for architects to deal with. Sports cities are not only associated with sports sector but also how deal the need for urban, sustainable community development. Today’s world health is one of the major concern for every individual, sports cities are an option for society to remain mentally as well as physically fit. Sports cities are not gender specific. It involves every individual, from children to senior citizen, from girl to boy, from mother to grandmother. This report deals with designing such a sports city that has a sustainable environment, sports spirit and a systematic community development. Here the reason is to understand how sport can be integrated physical in cities and urban environments, to give an overview of inspiring examples, and the spatial and programmatic relation of the sport facility with its direct surroundings. What can be learned from successful examples from sport? What is spatially possible? What organizational aspects are essential for this purpose? How to apply the results by new and renewal projects?

1.1. NEED IDENTIFICATION 



To create a venue for national and international sport events, and promote sportspersons across the country, especially in youngsters who wish to take up sports as a profession. To provide benefit to local population as the proposed city would encourage them to enroll in sports via membership schemes and thus promote healthy living with increase in employment. To create a strategic events that will help to attract national and international sporting events to be held and become reason of global appreciation to nation.

1.2. RATIONALE AND JUSTIFICATION Cricket has become a religion in India but since India being the second largest populous country having lot of multi talents in other sports too stands nowhere in the “Olympics”. This is because due to lack of facilities and motivation for youngsters who wish to make their career in other sports too. I always wanted to see India as a multi sports nation where sports persons should be treated given equal amount respect. We should look at creating “sport cities “There is need for more and more sport cities to nurture young athletes along with creating new infrastructures to capitol India from a “sports watching nation to sports playing nation”. 2

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

Moreover there has been increase in number of people suffering from lifestyle disease over the years .Being fit is not a luxury but the need of the hour, which can be fulfilled by creating such a community development where each one can motivate other to take one sport and move towards a healthy lifestyle. “1.3 Million Youngsters –sports as career” (FICCI Report). PROBLEM STATEMENT? -Targeting 50 Olympic medals by 2024 (NITI Aayog). A SOLUTIONS ……………….. – SPORTS CITIES!

1.3. AIM OF PROJECT “To create an architectural environment of sports and its relation with the society which will promote sports spirit among residents to lead a healthy lifestyle and it will also focus on landscape, use of open space, more recreational spaces and better traffic circulation and parking facilities”.

1.4. OBJECTIVES  To create Sports complexes to cater national and international events and train young athletes.

 To create a residential area that will encourage people to take one sports in order to lead a healthy lifestyle.  To provide for all citizens a variety of enjoyable leisure spaces such as parks, recreational areas, etc. which are accessible safe, physically attractive and uncrowded.  To add up ancillary facilities like clubhouses, water front development to promote tourism and earn more and more revenue that will help for better functioning of sports complex.  To enhance a sense of national cohesion and common interest, stadiums would act as a major building force in a society as a whole.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

1.5. METHODOLOGY

Yamuna Sports complex, Delhi

1.6. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 1.6. a. Promotes Sustainable Development  Promoting economic development and act as a catalyst for economic growth through increased investment 1.6. b Modern Design  There is wide scope of using new modern methods of architecture to compete with neighboring cities like” GIFT CITY, DREAM CITY, and DHOLERA SIR”. 1.6. c. Site oriented Architecture  Site has greater potential that can be used to make environment friendly design.  . Improvements in Community Physical & Mental Health Help in improving community physical and mental health by providing opportunity for physical activity to the society and encourage active lifestyle habits 1.6. d. Community Development 

Provide various community benefits which include usable public spaces, and increased social interactions ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

1.6. e. Deal with real problems  The site is located on banks of Vishwamitri River which is a major concern to deal with. The design must be done in such a way that it should become a center of tourist attraction.  The master planning of city allows you to think of several factors like local residents, the people working at manufacturing sector, the visitors to stadiums and clubhouses.  The elevations is another scope of the city, in fact there lies a great scope of modern design.  The use of open lands, landscape are another scope to deal with. 1.7. LIMITATION  The design part will be only conceptual plans to deal with the design problem.



Due to lack of time period it will not cover the detail working drawings of project, electrical Drawings, plumbing detail.



The thesis will not cover the design of manufacturing unit since it’s a different sector.

1.8. SITE INFORMATION 1.8. A Site location According to master plan 2031 of VADODARA, the site is located near “VADSAR” on the river bank “Vishwamitri”.The site is located in developing region of city. The nearby lands are under developing. It is well connected by rail and roadways. The river bank creates a pleasant natural scenic view.

1.8. B. Site area

Fig. 1: Site Location

The total site area is 146 acres. Construction area is 73 Acres. 1.8. C. Authority proposing the project

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The project was proposed by Government of Gujarat at the 8th Global Summit held between 13 Jan -17 Jan 2017 at Gandhinagar. This project was given the name “BARODA SPORTS CITY”. It was decided to complete this project on means of PPP model. 1.8. D. Cost of the project The estimated project cost is INR 640.75cr. The major expense area would be the construction and civil works. The plant & machinery cost has not been included. With focus on use of PPPs, majority funds are expected to be contributed by private players 1.8. E. Infrastructures at the proposed city

Table 1: Proposed infrastructure

Source: Vibrant Gujarat report 2017 1.8. F. Reference 1. Sports Authority of Gujarat http://www.sportsauthorityofgujarat.in/ 2. Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) http://www.gidc.gov.in 3. Madhya Gujarat VijCompany Limited http://www.mgvcl.com/ 4. Gujarat official website: http://www.gujaratindia.com/

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

LITERATURE REVIEW AND STANDARDS 2.1. BRIEF INTRODUCTION ABOUT SPORTS CITIES Sports such as hockey, kabaddi, badminton, tennis, football and cricket leagues have become popular in the last few years, and this requires professional and specialized sports facilities for practice and competitions .As a result, the concept of sports city has emerged. Sport Cities provide sports facilities with residential spaces available .The idea is to develop a fully integrated sports city that includes stadiums, multiple recreational and leisure zones, gyms, parks and other facilities. Sports City offers a wide array of youth sports programs to help kids and young adults develop a love for sports and fitness, so they can lead healthy, active lifestyles. From child development programs for little ones to sports and entertainment camps, soccer player development, competitive youth soccer leagues and programs for children with special needs, Sports City has something for all ages, skill levels and interests. Those in the industry say a “destination’s ability to attract events depends on its venues and local host partners”. It also takes a strong base of enthusiastic sports fans and a heavily engaged marketing team to keep the destination on the radar and maintain relationships in the industry. 2.2. TYPES OF SPORTS CITY Recently it has been discovered that there are two types of sport cities  

One where the whole city has all types of sports facilities. Example is city of Manchester. Other where a zone of the city is developed with all facilities of sport .Example is Dubai Sports city.

2.3. ROLE OF SPORTS IN THE CITY Sporting events have played pivotal roles in communities around the world throughout history. Today, contests pushing physical limits are more popular than ever before. As interest in health and longevity continues to rise, and governments and businesses continue to see sporting events as sound investments, sports will play a vital role in society for the foreseeable future. At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the prevalence of the internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV. The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. 7

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

Athletic endeavours, both amateur and professional, have a tremendous economic, political and cultural influence on our society. Watching and playing sports provide ways to escape the stress of our daily lives and come together as a community. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help frame city-, state- and national identity. Sports’ immense effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports–these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. No matter your individual involvement, sports generally provide everyone in a society with some form of a shared story and a shared goal. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations (UN) has declared them a human right: “Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian, development and peace-building efforts.” While the UN recognizes that sports can also, at times, negatively influence society with corruption, scandal and the incitement of violence, their positive influence far outweighs their negative aspects: “Sport has a unique power to attract, mobilize and inspire. By its very nature, sport is about participation. It is about inclusion and citizenship. It stands for human values such as respect for the opponent, acceptance of binding rules, teamwork and fairness, all of which are principles which are also contained in the Charter of the United Nations.” Physical activities like sports, whether for recreational, professional or educational purposes, are not merely about fitness or victory; above all, they are an essential building block of a prosperous and healthy society. Much like a country’s educational system, media or political and social movements, sporting events bring disparate people together by strengthening ties and celebrating the common ideals of fairness, sacrifice and hope. Sports in society remind us that following prescribed rules does not have to be boring and that we must always carve out a place for fun in our lives 2.4. FANS NEED IN THE SPORTS CITY Identifying the motivations of sports fans gives us the grounding we need to explore their future. The next step is to understand what’s changing around the fans themselves – the context. The eight motivations of sports fans are described in the picture given below.  Fan base will become more diverse and inclusive.  Fans will become more active and influential.  Fans will enjoy sport anywhere and everywhere.  Fan media will become personalised and immersive.  Fans will demand unique venue experiences.  Being a fan will become a luxury.  Underserved fans will pioneer new sports.  Sport will become the biggest platform for positive change.

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Fig. 2: Fan need inn Sports city 2.5. ASPECTS NECESSARY IN SPORTS CITY DESIGN ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Spatial aspects The spatial aspects are divided into the following aspects: sport size/typology, position in the city, relationship with public space, visibility, distance and proximity, accessibility, public access and lock ability, flexibility. 1. Sport size/typology Starting point by integrating sport facilities are the dimensions established by international and national sports federations. The requirements relate to the sports field and the material (eg the use of artificial grass), locker rooms; they all are part of the overall program of requirements for a sports facility and determine the extent to which type of sport is spatially fit. For example, at the level of the building, a block, neighbourhood and / or recorded in an urban green structure like a city park. 2. Position in the city Major sports complexes attract many people at different times, which makes it attractive to combine it with functions as restaurants, shops, hotels and music venues. This (smart) combination of functions can become an urban hub in the city. The diversity of program creates a mixed crowd which enhanced the urbanity of a place. This is also possible for small scale neighbourhood sports. In order to attract passers-by sport should be visible. On the scale of the city the city park El Turia Valencia is an important component of urban public space. At the same time the city park with many sports plays an important role in the area, mainly due to the coupling with the sports centre.

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3. Relation with public space The way the entrance of sports facilities presents itself to the city affects the contact with the public. Therefore, design and position of an entrance are crucial. Martikel No. 8 in Copenhagen shows that a public square can be an extension of an indoor sports complex. The basketball court and the striking design of public space invites to play, sit and skating. There is a direct interaction with the activities in the sports/cultural complex. The lower position of the field and the presence of sufficient space to stand and sit, has created a social place where people go forward to see and be seen. A purely functional place changes into a versatile, well-used urban place. 4. Visibility The visibility-aspect of today's sport creates the need for a stage. Watching, showing and chatting, making sport a social place where people can meet. Striking design enhances the image of sport. The Sport plaza Mercator Amsterdam has a partially open glass faรงade. Daytime and evening for passengers it is quite clear: here you can exercise! The city park El Turia Valencia is mainly used by sports associations; therefore these facilities should be lockable. At the same time there are public sports fields. The park is constructed in a former river bed. Park and users are clearly visible from the city. 5. Distance and proximity Distance and proximity compared to other (urban) programs is an essential aspect to enlarge the visibility of sport. Not the absolute distance is important more essential is the precise qualitative interpretation of the distance. It is about creating an attractive and safe design of public space and connection to the environment. Such as stimulating multifunctional use, the extension of urban life to sports or linking sports directly to urban space. The Oporto Cricket & Lawn Tennis Club is an example of integration of a cluster with outdoor sports fields in a large urban block. The different sports (cricket, hockey, tennis) are in the courtyard surrounded by a mixed program of homes, offices, schools. 6. Accessibility Accessibility is important to encourage people to exercise. The continuity and scope of a slow traffic route and a safe and attractive design of public space. The presence of sufficient cycle parking and parking are important too. Sports and allotments are the central pillars of the urban plan Sociรณpolis in Valencia. These programs are literally the centre in a new area: the sports field is 'district court' and public space is partially car-free. Sport is for most residents directly accessible in walking distance. 7. Public access and lock ability Use and management are essential for the usability and durability of sports. As a rule, it necessary to close off during unused hours. Traditionally, fences, watercourses and height funds are means to close off playing fields, which means a reduction of the public and by cross-ability. Although the visibility does not have to suffer.

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8. Flexibility Sports-related areas such as the canteen or parking lot aren’t in permanently use for sports, which gives space for flexibility in use. Sports facilities are used by multiple audiences. In Berlin, schools have private sports facilities or gym and an outdoor gym. In the evenings, the same sports facilities can be used by others. In this way, multiple use is created.  Programmatic aspects Bringing together program promotes an interaction between program components and urban life. The greater the variety of amenities, the more diverse groups of people which will use the amenities. Fitting sport in an urban environment is more than just adding sports-related programs. 1. Sport chains The multifunctional sports hall is a building typology where in one space different sports are possible. This creates a chain of different sports, with interaction between the different athletes. A direct relationship between sport and public space also contributes to a sports chain. In Sociópolis Valencia the public space is programmed that different sports are possible, such as basketball, skateboarding, circuit training, and football and running. This combination of organized and nonorganized sports of individual and group activities allows for exchange between the different groups. 2. Smart combinations Smart combinations arise from the mixing of program components which in the past, under influence of the CIAM-dogma, have been separated. Technically and financially, these combinations are not complicated. Its proximity to various program components around the sport cluster or urban area are of great importance. In Denmark, sports and culture are historically linked. Almost every village has a Kulturhuset. These are community centres that provide space for various activities often linked to hospitality and sport. This traditionally grown connection between sport and culture is visible in the large number of sports and cultural facilities and is also part of many cities’ sport policies. 3. Program mix Mixing different sections can take place at district, neighbourhood and building level. It is essential that use and management aspects should be taken into account directly in the design of mixed sports complexes. Especially when it comes to providing innovative concepts sport management this is very important. La Petxina Valencia is a particular example, because a very diverse programming and a spatially interesting location led to a remarkably complex. Mixing consists of different sports, library, playground, restaurant / canteen, hotel (for athletes), centre for sports, municipal sports department and a conference centre. This centre attracts different people and has an area of increasing function.

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 Organizational aspects This can be ordered by time: the actual use and management of ´today´, the maintenance of ´tomorrow´ and the developing or modernization of ´the day after tomorrow´. 1. Policy and target group Sport sometimes is used in order to activate target groups. Copenhagen has adopted policies which new concepts and forms of sport are developed and implemented for disadvantaged groups (Especially girls and ethnic minorities). The focus lies on the combinations between playing sports, exercise, recreation, leisure, culture, watching and being watched. The municipal approach in Valencia shows that a wide range of sports leads to higher sports participation by all residents of the city. This is supported by a favourable pricing, combined with the use of a logo that appears on all municipal sports complexes. 2. Use In preparing multiple use is the primary objective of the arguments often intertwine. On one hand, is multiple use is financially more efficient, on the other hand, the synergy between the users sometimes is overestimated. Clarity about the principles and goals of multiple use is important in the planning phase. 3. Maintenance Requirement to use a sports facility efficiently is a good match of use by various users and associations. Money for professional maintenance and management is often lacking. Allowing new sports groups on existing sports facilities therefore is difficult. In Copenhagen CPH City & Port Development took the initiative for management of the temporary sport area Plug N Play. 4. Developing sport space and facilities If sport in an urban environment is considered important, it is essential to take sport fully in the development phase. Integration after construction of a neighbourhood is often financially and spatially impossible. In the new district Sociópolis Valencia, sport is completely contained during the design. Intensive collaboration between the designers and the public space of the city department is necessary. Plug N Play Copenhagen is an example of area marketing through sports. In the Oresund area much (basic) sport amenities are missing. At the same time there is stagnation in the implementation of the construction. The smart combination with allotments next to the gym makes combined use possible; children are sporting while parents harvest vegetables. (Spots in the city-2013-pg. 4-7)  VISION FOR A SUSTAINABLE CITY/ZONE Sustainable development has been defined as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs—a long term approach. Such a definition embraces an effort to curtail pollution and conserve energy and encourages a broad strategy of balancing the creation of sustainable human communities with the protection and 12

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preservation of natural resources. In the context of development, pursuit of these goals involves determining what kind of development should occur, where it should occur, and how it should relate to the surrounding networks of human communities and natural ecosystems. Creating a lasting sense of community and meaningful existence that is tied to the environment will ultimately determine whether a neighbourhood, development, or town will endure the test of time. It is a premise of the Storrs Centre project that the creation of liveable, sustainable places depends upon the relationship of the project to surrounding neighbourhoods, to the Town of Mansfield, to the University of Connecticut, and to the natural environment and landscape. As so many of today’s historical towns and cities illustrate, one of the most effective ways to limit the imprint of man upon the land—and use resources wisely—is to focus on creating communities that endure as appealing places to live, work, learn and play. (Design guidelines for a sustainable community) 2.6. SITE PLANNING PROCESS The site planning and layout should consider all aspects shown on the Facilities Site Planning Diagram. The following areas should also be considered when site master planning to female friendly facilities: • Preparation of a site functional brief to assess all user needs • Provision of equitable access for all users to the site facilities – all genders and age groups. • Site access and connectivity to key facilities as well as identifying links to public transport. • Provision of secure access between the car park, buildings and playing fields through passive and active security measures, such as lighting and clear lines of sight. • Consideration of existing site specific conditions and planning restrictions such as flood levels, building and cultural heritage overlays and easements • Provision of sufficient car parking to meet peak demands, including location and allocation of car parks and an access path from the parking bays to any onsite building, facility or installation • Provision of a sufficient buffer between the proposed facility site and any surrounding urban interfaces • Consideration of any impacts of the proposed facilities on existing site vegetation. 2.7. FACILITY LAYOUT Consider all aspects shown on the Facilities Planning criteria described below. When undertaking a facility layout the following principles should also be considered: • Preparation of a facility functional brief to address all user needs • Assessment of facility size to ensure current needs and future user growth are met. • facility safety aspects, including appropriate lighting (internal and external) and clear site lines to car parks and site access points. • User specific accommodation and functionality needs, identified through appropriate consultation. • Consideration of existing surrounding landscape and its integration and connectivity with placement and layout of the facility. 13

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• Appropriate space planning to public areas to ensure they are accessible and can accommodate all users. • Opportunities for future expansion of key accommodation in the facility design, in particular the community room and storage spaces. Where possible provision of simple extension opportunities to meet anticipated future user needs should be considered in the design. • maximising options for open space and visibility of the surrounding environment. 2.8. MINIMUM COMPLIANCE AND BEST PRACTICE At a minimum, ensure that facility designs comply with all relevant Indian standards. Investigate opportunities for best practice design using various principle based guides such as Universal Design. More specifically for community sport and active recreation facilities,  ensure minimum compliance with relevant Indian Standards in the formation of refurbishment project brief (even where it is not specifically required as part of the proposed scope of work) • consider proximity and access requirements to accessible car space from the site parking to the facility. • Use appropriate materials and finishes to site access pathways to improve connectivity and wayfinding – provide concrete paving to key connecting pathways where possible • Where external walkways and ramps surrounding the facility are provided, ensure that they are undercover to ensure appropriate weather protection • provide accessible pathways from the facility to the playing field to achieve equitable access and spectator opportunities for all users. • Where possible, provide pathways and access ramps where level changes occur in favour of stairs • provide ambulant (accessible where appropriate) toilet facilities for the public, players and officials. • In public accessible toilet facilities also make provision for baby change facilities • Where multi-level facilities are proposed or being refurbished, provide lift access to the upper level spaces. • consider ‘Changing Places’ accessible facilities for specific sites where a need is identified. 2.9. COLOURS AND MATERIALS Consider the following aspects to create a facility that is inviting and inclusive for all: • Ensure colours and materials are compatible with the facility context and use. Potential conceptual influences may include neighbouring buildings, site historical features, unique landscape elements, any features of cultural significance and locally available materials. • Material selection should be approached through the consideration of local, organic and sustainable sources, while still addressing aspects of ongoing maintenance and longevity. • Appropriate use of colours and contrast can improve wayfinding as well as create a simple and intuitive environment for all users. (Technical manual on Olympic Village)

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2.10. STUDY ON BEIJING NATIONAL STADIUM (BIRD”S NEST STADIUM” 2.10. A. Introduction Beijing National Stadium, designed by Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron, is an excellen example of the use biometrics in modern architecture As implied by its nickname, the stadium rises out of the landscape in the shape of a giant upturned bird’s nest. Drawing from the structural strength and beauty of natural objects is a growing trend as architects and designers become increasingly interested in the efficient use of energy and materials. According to Janine Benyus this movement is known as biomimicry; “a new science that studies nature’s models and then imitates or takes inspiration from these designs and processes to solve human problems.” (Benyus, 1997)

Fig. 3: Bird’s Nest View

2.10. B. Stadium Design The stadium consists of an inner bowl of concrete seating surrounded by a façade of twisted steel, with a public concourse area sandwiched between the two. The elliptical building footprint is dictated by “the constraints of seating 100 000 people around an athletics track and field. Meanwhile, the variation in the height of the stands between the major and minor axes of the ellipse allows for the majority of spectators to be seated along the longest length of the track, and “ensures that all spectators are within the same radius of view from the corners of the field. In all, the structure encloses a volume approximately 333 meters long by 284 meters wide and 69 meters tall. 2.10. C. Structural Design The building’s distinctive façade was conceived in order to disguise the large parallel steel girders required to support the retractable roof that was specified in the original design program. The geometry of the seemingly random elements was defined using the geometrical constraints dictated by the usage and capacity of the structure. 15

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In defining the geometry of the structure, lines representing members were extended outward from the projected plan of the athletic field, along the roof and wall surfaces to the ground in one continuous gesture. The angles of these lines were planned so that they intersect at ground level in 24 points spaced at regular intervals around the elliptical building footprint. This allows the vertical components of the structural members to be prefabricated in truss-columns of a roughly pyramidal shape. Conversely, the diagonal lines created by the staircases placed around the perimeter are traced continuously from the ground, along the roof, and down the other side. The remaining infill members balance the aesthetic of the façade 2.10. D. Steel As the continuity of the members from the ground across the roof surface was essential to the aesthetic desired by the architects, steel HSS sections were chosen to allow each ‘stick’ to twist over the curved intersection of the wall and roof to “maintain its outer edge parallel to the façade. Hollow structural sections (HSS) are strong in torsion, a property essential to members that are subjected to the eccentric loading experienced at the rounded intersection of the roof and wall.

Fig. 4: Load Distribution

The outer structure is completely separate from the inner stadium seating area and is 50 feet apart. The core of the stadium was constructed out of the pre-cast reinforced concrete .Because concrete has significantly lower modulus of elasticity , it was divided into eight individual sections .This divisions allow each portion of structure to move independently of the other in case of seismic motor causing minimal amount of damage.

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2.11. STUDY ON “ISCON VILLA, AHMEDABAD” DESIGNS CHARACTERISTICS 

Roof

A typical villa had a hip roof over the main building mass, with a roof slope of 30–45°. Roofs were generally clad in corrugated iron. 

Street windows

A typical villa had a street window facing the street. They had a gable over it, emerging from the main building form. 

Cladding and joinery

Original villas had double hung sash timber windows, and wall cladding of wide rusticated weatherboard or overlapping plain boards. Facing boards were used extensively on external corners and around windows and doors. There was a high degree of standardization of detailing/components. 

Verandas

A typical villa had a veranda across the front, butting into the bay window. The roof was typically set below the eaves, and was generally curved. Larger verandas tended to be more common in sunnier climates. 

Single-storey

Most villas were single-storey, though there were a significant number of double-storey villas – particularly in areas where small sections were common. 

Entrance

Because they were built around a central corridor, villas typically had the main entrance opening off the veranda in the center of the street facade. There were, however, variations such as half-villas and villas with the main entrance at the side. 

Dimensions

The main building form typically had a stud height of 10–12’ (3–3.6 m). In main living rooms, at least one dimension – usually the width from the corridor wall to the outside wall – was 12 feet (3.6 m), but in larger villas, 14 feet (4.2 m) may have been used. Corridors were typically around 4’ 8” (1420 mm) wide but could be 6’ (1800 mm). 

Lean-to

The service areas were always placed to the rear of the building, away from the street, and were often housed in a lean-to structure. Often, these service areas were at ground level with floors of concrete or bitumen, or timber with minimum clearance.  Variations Over time, as the villa style developed and owners became increasingly affluent, the form became more varied. Larger villas were built. Decoration became more intricate. Brick construction, and more expensive roof claddings such as Marseille tile and slate appeared 17

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 Iscon Villas , Ahmedabad

2.12. STANDARDS

Fig. 5 : Iscon Villas ,Ahmedabad

2.12. A. SPORTS STADIUMS  General layout Below are some of the general layouts of stadiums:

 General guidelines 18

Fig. 6 : Stadium Layout

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1. Provision for parking at the drop off zones and should be directly connected to various stadiums. 2. Proper signage should be provided. 3. The orientation of the stadiums should be NE-SW

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Sitting provisions

Fig. 7 : Stadium orientation

Fig. 8: Sitting in stadiums Depending upon the planned capacity, seating is provided either along the long side of the ground (to take advantage of the shortest viewing distance) or, for capacities above 10000 around the whole ground. As most events take place in the afternoon, the best position for spectators is on the west side so that the sun is at their backs. Every 5000 spectators needs 7 minutes or 420 seconds to leave via the 9.5m wide steps ,(In equivalent standards the times are : Los Angles .12 minutes .term a minutes ). Therefore, one spectators uses 1 min of staircase width in 9.5 X 420 = 0.8 sec 5000 Or, in 1 sec a 1min wide staircase accommodates 5000 = 1.25 spectators 9.5 X 4.20 The formula giving the staircase width necessary width necessary to allow an academic number of spectators to leave the stadium in a given line is: Staircase width (m) = no. of spectators 19

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Employing time(s) X 1.25 First aid rooms for the spectators should be provided close to the spectatorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s area. First aid treatment for 20000 or more spectators requires a suite of rooms: treatment and recovery rooms 15m, stream 2m. 2.12. B. SPORTS HALL The planning basics for multiple halls should take into account the competition regulations of the individual sports organisation to give the best possible integration of all individual types of activity. The necessary size of site depends on the area required for the desired sporting activities and administrative rooms: required sports area X 24 necessary distance to site boundary + necessary parking area for visitors. ď&#x201A;ˇ

Hall dimensions

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ï&#x201A;·

Indoor sports hall dimensions

Table 2: Hall Dimensions

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2.12. C. OUTDOOR PITCHES ď&#x201A;ˇ (Orientation) The diagram below illustrates the optimum orientation for various sporting activities. Local conditions may override these recommendations.

North/south orientation is generally desirable for outdoor courts to avoid background glare at dawn or dusk. Orientation should also take into consideration other structures and features on the site, neighbouring property, vehicle and pedestrian traffic, and prevailing winds. However, with more sports being played under lights, this may be less of a concern. When installing all track and field facilities, careful consideration must be given to the position of the sun at critical times of day and the wind conditions. To avoid the dazzling effect of the sun when it is low, the longitudinal axis of arenas should lie along the north-south axis, although it is possible to deviate to the north-north-east and north-north-west. This may result in the main straight being on the eastern side of the arena and will require consideration of the effects of a western setting sun on the spectators in the main stand. However, 23

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the most important aspect of design is to ensure that the best possible competition conditions are provided for the athletes. In outdoor pools, best practice suggests that springboards and platforms are recommended to face north in the northern hemisphere and south in the southern hemisphere. In shooting sports and archery, outdoor ranges should be constructed so that the sun is behind the shooter as much as possible. The orientation of an archery range in the southern hemisphere generally requires the shooting line to be on the north side of the range and the targets are on the north sideâ&#x20AC;?, with a tolerance allowance from the magnetic north of +/- 20 degrees. This is to allow the sun to be behind the archers most of the day. Lawn bowling greens must be located away from tall buildings and trees that may cast shadows over the bowling surface, thereby affecting turf performance. This is not relevant for synthetic surfaces. Cricket pitches must run approximately north/south to minimise the risk of batsmen or bowlers facing a low sun. Tennis courts must be oriented with play along an approximate north/ south axis. A north-south court orientation is preferred in basketball and netball to minimise the effects of sun glare. ď&#x201A;ˇ Outdoor sports dimensions

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2.12. D. INDOOR PITCHES

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2.12. E. ATHLETIC FACILITIES The competition area for track events includes the following: Oval track with at least four lanes and safety zones measuring no less than 1m on the inside and outside. Straight with minimum of six lanes for sprints and hurdles. Steeplechase track as for oval track with a permanent water jump. There are three basic types of track surfaceâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;synthetic, unbound mineral (cinder) and grass

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2.12. F. TENNIS FACILITIES The court is 23.77m long and for singles matches, 8.23m wide. For doubles matches the court is 10.97m wide. The court is divided into two equal areas by a net suspended by a cord or metal cable attached to two net posts. The net is 1.07m high and is fully extended to that it fills the space between the two

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nets posts. The net is 0.914m high at the centre, where is held down tightly by a white strap. A white band covers the cord or metal cable and the top of the net. For doubles matches the centre of the net posts are 0.914m outside the doubles court on each side. For singles matches the centres of the net posts are 0.914m outside the singles court on each side. 2.12. G. SHOOTING RANGE

The shooting range has to be arranged in such a way that it eliminates danger to people on the inside, i.e. those people who are shooting, as well as those in the surrounding area. Safety barriers are constructed to protect all directions within the overall potential firing spread. It has been found that 28

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for air and CO2 guns, barriers must offer protection up to an angle of 20 degrees upwards from the firing point. For rifals and hand guns this angle is 30 degrees.

2.12. H. SWIMMING POOLS Dimensions  Standard pools are either 25m or 50m long. Depth  For pools with starting blocks, the minimum depth is 1.35m, extending to at least 6.0m. A minimum depth of 1.0 meter is required for pools without starting blocks. Starting platforms  Starting platforms are from 0.5m-0.75m high above the water surface. The surface area is at least 1.5m square and covered with a non-slip material. The maximum slope is 10 degrees. The platforms are firm and are without a springing effect.

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2.12. I. DIVING The minimum size for a diving pool is 25m wide and 20m long. The overall dimensions can be increased to suit other activities such as synchronised swimming and water polo. A competition pool is equipped with two 1m and two 3m springboards and a diving tower with take-off platforms at 5m, 7.5m and 10m. Platforms also exist at 1m and 3m heights as training tools. The basic measuring point used is the plummet line. This is a vertical line extending through the center point of the front edge of the diving springboard.

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INVESTIGATION

2.1. CASE STUDIES

A. LIVE CASE STUDY

 

SHRI SHIV CHHATRAPATI SPORTS COMPLEX,PUNE JAYPEE SPORTS CITY,GREATER NOIDA

B.LITERATURE CASE STUDY STUDY

 

DUBAI SPORTS CITY YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX, DELHI

3.2. SELECTION CRITERIA The case studies are a preliminary study before designing of any project in architecture. It enables one to know how to approach the correct process of designing the spaces, their circulation, maximum social interaction, its security etc. The case studies that I have selected because they have all the criteria like sports facilities ,use of open spaces, capacity to manage international crowd, ways of understanding the techniques to merge residential areas with the sports complex.

3.3. RELEVANCE OF CASE STUDIES Here I have done two live case studies and t wo literature case studies .There relevance with the design is described below:  The study of “Shri Chhatrapati Sports Complex” and “Yamuna Sports Complex” will help me in understanding about sports facilities, like stadiums design, public crowd management, and their circulation, the use of material and structural details. Since “SPORTS CITY “will have stadiums and other sport facilities, so it will give me a better way of understanding the design of stadiums.  On the other hand the study of “Dubai Sports City” and “Jaypee Sports City” will enable us to know about the orientation of a residential colony with sports complex with other support 31

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services. It will help in knowing about the zoning of areas, urban town development, sustainable environment, use of open spaces, social interactions etc. It also include the traffic movement and parking facilities and crowd management.

3.4. SHRI SHIV CHHATRAPATI SPORTS COMPLEX, BALEWADI, PUNE. 3.4.1. INTRODUCTION The Shree Chhatrapati Sivaji Sports Complex, Balewadi, Mahalunge, Pune is an Indian sports complex. The complex is situated in Balewadi, Mahalunge Pune, about 14–15 km from Pune downtown and 4–5 km from Hinjewadi, Pune. This complex was the venue for the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games

3.4.2. HISTORY This complex was built in 1994 for the National Games 1994, which were hosted by Pune. The 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games were hosted here. In 2008 the World Junior Table Tennis Circuit was successfully held here. The 2009 FIVB Men's Junior World Championship was held here. It was won by Brazil. The city is also the host of FIBA Asia Under-16 Championship for Women 2009

3.4.3. SITE LOCATION

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3.4.4. GENERAL INFORMATION ADDRESS CAPACITY OPENED OWNER TEAMS ARCHITECT OPERATOR SITE AREA

National Games Park,Balewadi,Pune,Maharashtra 411045 22,000 1995 Government of India F C Pune, Pune F C, Bharat F C Indian Olympic Association 150 acres

3.4.5. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY “The sportsperson is more motivated by its environment and the type of enclosure it is surrounded by”. The architect has tried to create a natural space which helps in motivating sportsperson

3.4.6. DESIGN CHALLENGE The main challenge of design of sports complex was to integrate all stadiums and open spaces in such a way that it could become capable to host International Crowd.

3.4.7. SITE APPROACH

The site located in the central part of Pune its approach from different locations is shown here in the map. The site is located 17.8 km from Pune Station and 57 km from Pune International Airport .It takes 45 minutes from sports complex to station and 57 minute to Airport.

3.4.8. SITE PLAN

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The site of the complex is done is grid pattern. The entry is from the north direction.

3.4.9. ZONING OF BUILDINGS.

1. Aquatic centre

10.Future development

19.Centre court tennis

28. Restaurant

2. Water body

11.Administrative block

20.Outer tennis court

29. Supermarket

3. Badminton hall

12.Residential colony

21.Boxing

30. Shooting

4. Parking for visitors 13.Childrens park

22.Wrestling

5. Chhatrapati statue

14Menâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hostel

23. Hockey Ground

6. Main stadium

15.Staff parking +VIP

24. Velodrome

7. Athlete stadium

16.Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hostel

25. Playground

8. Orchid hotel

17.Staff quarter

26. Shooting Range

9. Park

18.Table tennis hall

27. Decorative Pool

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3. 4.10. CIRCULATION OUTDOOR.

Legends: VEHICULAR PEDSTRIAN

The movement/circulation on the site is planned in grid pattern .The entrance in the complex is from the NH-4. There are two gates for entrance and one exit .There is also one entrance from east side. The above diagram shows the different modes of movement .The red lines show the vehicular movement and yellow color shows the movement of pedestrian. There are not separate entrance for services vehicles. Since the movement is in grid pattern the movement is simple and quiet simple but there are not diagonal interlinkages. This creates a problem for shortest approach to any place.

3. 4.11. FACILITIES. 3.4.11. A. Sport facilities. ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Velodrome

The 333.33 m or 1,093.6 ft. velodrome is outdoor and the surface is made of concrete. While it was a prime venue for the 3rd Nationals Games in the year 1993-94 it has never been a place for any major events thereafter, and was left unused.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

 Athletic stadium

The Athletics stadium has a seating capacity of roughly 11,000 people at a time, Flood lights and an 8 lane track.

 Hockey field

Hockey field is not in regular use and lacks facilities of sitting arena. The present condition of this field is that it is used as a sitting place for visitors  Boxing rings

The Boxing arena has 3 rings, and 5 warm-up rings, with a seating capacity of 3500 peoples. This hall is air conditioned and has changing rooms for players.  TENNIS COURT

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The hall, with a seating capacity of 1500 people. This has 4 competition tables and 4 warm up tables. This hall is air conditioned and has changing rooms for players. Seating and lounges are for VIPs.  Basketball

SITTING PLAN CHANGING ROOMS

The Boxing arena has 5 courts, and 4 warm-up, with a seating capacity of 4000 peoples. This hall is air conditioned and has changing rooms for players.  Badminton hall

The Badminton hall 6 competition courts and 4 warm-up courts, and has a seating capacity of 3800 people at a time. This hall is air condition and has wooden floor. It has changing room for players and sitting & lounges for VIPs.  Table tennis

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

This Aquatics centre contains two 50 x 25m swimming pools, with a seating capacity of 3500 people. This has changing room for players. Seating and lounges are for VIPs. ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Shooting range

The complex has 15 shooting ranges, with a seating capacity of 1500. The ranges are constructed according to ISSF rules world championship. Ranges: 50 m, 25 m and 10 m are available. ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Wrestling

The Wrestling Hall has four rings, and six warm-up rings with a seating capacity of 4,400 people. This has seating and lounges for VIPs. This also has change room for players. This is an air conditioned hall.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Weightlifting

This hall seats 3000 people. The hall is air conditioned and has one competition podium and 10 warm-up platforms. Seating and lounges are provided for VIPs. There is also a changing room for competitors.

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Main stadium

The Athletic stadium has a seating capacity of roughly 11,000 people at a time, Flood lights and an 8 lane track.

MEDIA PEOPLE VIP SP.AB.

The above shown figure shows the plan of main stadium and the other figure shows the zoning of sitting plan inside the stadium.The zoning shows that the blus colour is planned for media and spectators,grey for common people,yellow for VIPs,and red for specially abled.

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3. 4.12. STRUCTURAL SYSTEM USED. A steel structural system is opted for the roofing design of the seating area of the stadium Steel is string both in tension and compression and hence is used for long span structures.

3. 4.13. MATERIAL USED. The main material used is steel for roof covering. Concrete for walls, wooden and glazing tiles for flooring. The image shows the different steel members used for the stadiums seating area. As steel is high in tension and compression and for clear viewing spaces huge steel trusses above it which in turn supports the light weight flooring of the stadium seating area. CURVED BEAMS

CELLULAR

These are economical form of roof covering and provide an elegant and functional interior by enabling the avoidance of a ridge. Curved cellular beams are an economical form of roof structure and provide an elegant and functional interior by enabling the avoidance of a ridge. 40

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3. 4.14. LANDSCAPE

The landscape plays an important role in motivating a human being specially sportsperson needs an environment which seeks in keepign fresh to him. The use of local natural and trees is used in this complex.Palm trees, were mainly planted in row .Other trees include Neem,etc.The pathways were of four lane as shown below.

3.4.15. PARKING FACILITIES The parking is an essential space in any crowd place.Since this complex hosts international events so its parking is an important key factor to study. There are two parking areas ,one at the entrance while other at the centre of core.The parking near the entrance is mainly for the visitors and the parking at the centre is for staff and VIPs .There is no facilities of basement parking here.The total capacity of carparking is 800 which is quiet low.

3. 4.16. SUPPORT SERVICES

      41

Residential areas include 13 apartments which lies separate corner.It has all the facilities. Hostel faclities are separare for men and women.The blocks are near to each other and lies near to residential colony. Separate staff quarter is provided. There is a restaurant inside the camplex. Its capacity is around 300 people The services like HVAC plant room ,electrical area in separate zone. The gymnasium and fitness centre is near the Hostel complex .It has all the facilities of modern equipments. ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3. 4.17. AREA PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN CAPACITY AREA

NO OF AREAS

CAPACITY

Main stadium

8 lane track

11,000

Aquatic center

50 x 25

3500

Badminton hall

6 competition courts 4 warm up courts

3800

Basketball

5 competition courts 4 warm up courts

4000

Boxing arena

3 competition rings 5 warm up rings

3500

Shooting range

15 shooting range

1500

Table tennis

4 competition 4 warm up

1500

Lawn tennis

1 centre court 4 competition court 6 warm up court

4200

Weightlifting

1 competition arena 10 warm up arena

3000

Wrestling

4 competition rings 6 warm up rings

4400

Velodrome

333.33m/1093.6 ft

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3. 4.18. OBSERVATIONS  Pros

  

The planning of spaces and its outside environment is done in significant way. The traffic movement are well designed. The zoning between sports arena and residential areas are done at far distance making the area noise free.

 

The use of natural ventilation is used in better way. All grounds are oriented in N-S direction.

 Cons



The stadiums are not designed according to futuristic re-development. It lacks in several modern infrastructure facilities. The stadiums lacks architectural aesthetics and looks outdated. The number of visitors increases during the international events which become overcrowded to control. The complex lacks cricket ground. The main administrative building is attached to the athletic stadium. No recreational spaces for students staying in hostels.

     

3. 4.19. INFERENCE AREAS

POSITIVE

NEGATIVE

SITE PLAN

Design of spaces along with nature is quiet impressive and act as a place of motivation for sports person.

Admin block is quiet far from the entrance.

MOVEMENT CIRCULATION

Grid pattern allows a better system of traffic and pedestrian

However diagonal movement are not provided

PARKING

There

Parking facilities are not in arranged in a manner, only open spaces are left for vehicle parking

are separate parking facilities for visitors and staffs.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

ZONING

Placement of some of the buildings are quite good.

But the placement of staff quarter,restaurant,and admin block are not done in systematic way

STADIUMS

Easily able to escape and better system of sitting facilities

Looks quite old and there is no use of any architectural aesthetics. Only sitting facilities covered by roof

INDOOR STADIUMS

There designs and movement plan are quiet impressive.

Natural lighting not used

ORIENTATION

Orientation of buildings and stadiums are done in N-S direction.

SERVICES

Services are good.

3.5. JAYPEE ATLANTIS SPORTS CITY, GREATER NOIDA.

3.5.1. INTRODUCTION Jaypee Sports City is India's first planned city developed and aimed for sports. Its 5000 acres of area comprises various sports venues like international standard cricket stadium, a hockey stadium and an international circuit for F1 races. It is the finest modern township spread across 2023 Ha.Planned for a million residents, its thoughtful design and impeccable execution offers a healthy, luxurious and active lifestyle. Home to India s first F1 track- the Buddha International Circuit, Sports City is replete with many firsts that redefine urban development. 44

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Like the Boulevard of Life- a green thoroughfare that winds across the City, dotted with lakes, parks, and the choicest dining, shopping and entertainment options. Wide open spaces, unpolluted air and refreshing greens greet residents at every turn here 3.5.2. LOCATION Located on the 8-lane, international standard Yamuna Expressway, Sports City is just a comfortable 45 minutes approx. drive from South Delhi and only 10 minutes away from Pari Chowk. Connected to Delhi by the Noida-Greater Noida Expressway, the drive to Sports City is quick and congestion free...

3.5.3. HISTORY There was need for s Sports Township in order to promote sports in the society, so Indian government decided to develop sports city. It was decided to develop it in Noida since it is connected with NCR, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, so local people could also find it easier to settle there. The construction was started in 2005 and was completed in 2009. 3.5.4. GENERAL INFORMATION ADDRESS ARCHITECT CAPACITY OPENED OWNER OPERATOR COST

Jaypee Group Peter Ellis 1,00,000 2009 Jaypee Group Jaypee Sports International Limited S$1.3 billion Est.

3.5.5. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY According to Peter Ellis his concept is derived from the river Ganga flowing down to the eastern part of India. He says just â&#x20AC;&#x153;History is not forgotten here, all time is simultaneous in Indiaâ&#x20AC;?. 3.5.6. DESIGN CHALLENGE The main challenge was to introduce a city with winning attitude that lies to the core of nation dealing with several urban problems like traffic, pollution, congestion. 3.5.7. SITE/MASTER PLAN AND ZONING The map below clearly depicts the master plan of the whole city. There are 10 zones divided in the city, some are educational, recreational, commercial, residential and sports facilities etc. 45

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.5.8. FACILITIES

3.5.8. A. Sports Facilities Integrated Sports Complex with facilities such as Cricket stadium, Tennis Court Complex, Swimming Pool, Diving arena and Multi-purpose Indoor Stadium.

 Cricket stadium A cricket stadium with capacity of seat 40,000 spectators, with a planned expansion to a capacity of 100,000. Associated amenities like media and corporate boxes, medical facilities, merchandise stores, a food court, an information kiosk and many others

 Racing Buddha International Circuit hosted India’s first ever F1 Grand Prix in 2011. It was the seventeenth round of the 2011 Formula One season and the first Formula One Grand Prix to take place on the Indian subcontinent and even the circuit is the first of its kind in South Asia.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

ď&#x201A;ˇ Sports complex

The sports complex located at jaypee sports city has facilities like table tennis, outdoor tennis complex, kids play room, basketball court etc. They are mainly used by locals, any kind of events not done. Its main purpose is to attract local youngsters.

3.5.8. B. RESIDENTIAL AND ITS INTEGRATION WITH SPORTS FACILITIES There are 8 colonies namely each of them is described below. ď&#x201A;ˇ

Country Homes The Country Homes are plots at Sports City that give you an opportunity to design your dream home to match your unique taste and lifestyle. On the outside of these Homes you may choose to have a lush landscaped garden that gives you refreshing views and a chance to be closer to nature. On the inside, you can either have less number of rooms that auspiciously designed or more number of rooms that are efficiently designed.

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ď&#x201A;ˇ Country Homes II Designed to embody the energy of sport, the soothing surroundings of nature and the pursuit of a healthy mind and body, Country Homes II at Sports City redefines everyday living, planned with a mix of sporting, recreational and community facilities, there's no end to the benefits provided by this desirable community.

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 Yamuna Vihar Plot Designed as a major center for recreation and leisure, the ‘Boulevard of Life’ features numerous parks, lakes, Cultural City Centre, along with international standard clubs, restaurants, and convention and exhibition centers. It's the dream location for your dream home.

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 Green crest Homes These homes are close to 80m-200m wide treelined through fare with multi-lane roads, dedicated lanes for pedestrians, bicycles and mass transit system. It features numerous parks, lakes and cultural attractions. Green crest Homes are less than 1 km from the ‘Boulevard of life’ and only 2 kms from Buddha International circuit. Green crest Homes at Sports City are available in sizes ranging from 175 sq.mts. – 270 sq. mts.The Jaypee signature of thoughtful planning, meticulous design and impeccable execution ensures spacious plots, world class infrastructure and delightful amenities.

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 The Krowns 'The Krowns'-residential plots, get the view of beautiful ‘Boulevard of Life’ running along the city and has the access to the multiple sports and recreational facilities like motor racing arena, hotels, retail zones, super specialty hospital, world class education facilities and commercial zone.

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ď&#x201A;ˇ Kassia Kassia features a unique architectural design that helps maintain privacy, adequate ventilation and sunlight for every home. Common areas, clubs, parks, childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s play area, shopping Centre and other well planned amenities, complement the richness of Kassia.

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ď&#x201A;ˇ The Kove The Kove Apartments it's all there to experience. Enter this residential paradise. Live, work & play the way you've always wanted to. Residents can recharge their senses with various recreational facilities like Fitness & Yoga Centre, Basketball, Swimming Pool, Tennis Court, Badminton, Skating rink, Jogging Track and Kid's Play area.

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ď&#x201A;ˇ Sports Ville Located at the heart of Sports City, this community of expandable villas is designed to accommodate the growing dreams of your family. Whether it's an independent room for your children, a study, a puja room, or a floor for your parents, your home will never run short of space. It expands to fit your progressive lifestyle, and reflects your taste for finer things.

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3.5.9. LANDSCAPE Landscaped garden that gives you refreshing views and a chance to be closer to nature. It has several water bodies, and trees for shading the roads, pathways. Each colony has its own style of landscape. On an average it looks the best use of open space. Providing such landscape facilities at crowded city gives you a feeling of pleasure and happiness. 3.5.10. PARKING FACILITIES Each colony has its own system of parking and traffic movement. There is basement in apartments and outdoor parking at individual houses. 3.5.11. RECREATIONAL FACILITIES There is amphitheaters where people from all the colony gathers at the evening or in the morning. It has a water body near it.The place has various parks for children’s and youngsters sporting facilities. There is separate parks and walkways for senior citizens.

3.5.12. OTHER FACILITIES Apart from sports there is Financial Centre, Entertainment Centre, Education Centre, Residential area and Civil Centre for commercial / retail / residential uses. 3.5.13. AREA PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN CAPACITY LOCATION CRICKET STADIUM SPORTS COMPLEX RESIDENTIAL COLONY  Country Homes  Country Homes II  Yamuna Vihar  Green Crest Homes  Krowns  Kassia  The Kove  Spottsville  57

CAPACITY 40.000 3500 10.0000 7000 3300 3000 1500 9600 2800 6600

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3.5.14. OBSERVATIONS  Pros Best zoning of residential colonies. Landscaping and use of open spaces are a piece of appreciable. Sports facilities is provided to each colony.  Cons Still not used in systematic way by the users. The aim of promoting sports is not fulfilled. It has become a place of luxury instead of motivating and promoting sports spirit.

    

3.5.15. INFERENCE AREA Site plan Zoning

Venues

Stadiums

Residential

Residentil and its relationship with social environment Recreational Landscape Parking Other facilities

POSITIVE NEGATIVE Site plan looks beautiful as the city looks. Zoning of buildings are done Some of the places could according to its surroundings have been arranged at better place. Sports complex could have been designed to host national spirits Every colony has its own Parking at stadiums creates system of parking. problems at international matches. One of the best use of More luxurious life not society with the city. promoting sports spirit. Planning is done in simple way. Best way to motivate people. To remain healthy lifestyle. Merging of recreational at inside as well as outside. Better use of natural It lacks at stadiums. environment. Not good at stadiums. Other facilities are sufficient to lead a luxury life.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

B. LITERATURE CASE STUDY

3.6. DUBAI SPORTS CITY

3.6.1. INTRODUCTION Dubai Sports City or DSC a multi-venue sports complex in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, developed by Dubai. It provides a mix of residential, retail, leisure and recreational facilities. It is built around five major sports venues and features a number of sports academies

3.6.2. LOCATION Gate No.1, Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed RdØ&#x152; near Motor city - Dubai - United Arab Emirates.

3.6.3. HISTORY The construction of this sports city broke out in 2004 and was opened in 2008.From that time onwards this city has been in good records of hosting international events.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.6.4. GENERAL INFORMATION Archtect Location Co-ordinates Owner Operator Capacity

GODWIN AUSTEN JOHNSON UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 1.3043° N, 103.8746° E DSC DSC 50,000,000 Sq. ft. of sport-integrated, master-planned development, 25,0000 seating capacity for major events), 6,470,000 est sq. ft. of office space) 2008 ICC

Opened Tenants

3.6.5. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY “WHO WE ARE”

An active community that cheers each other on 3.6.6. DESIGN CHALLENGE The main challenge was to create a city that has all facilities of sports in desert and provide all the basic amenities associated with it. Architects main aim was to integrate sports to both the local and international crowd.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.6.7. SITE PLAN

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.6.8. ZONING

3.6.9. VENUES Dubai Sports City contains the following sporting complexes:



Dubai International Cricket Stadium a 25,000 seat cricket stadium popularly known as Ring of Fire.



Spanish Soccer Schools Under the direction of Real Madrid legend Michel Salgado and his acclaimed international coaching team,



ICC Academy Facilities include two full-sized (CC Academy Ground & ICC Academy Ground No 2), one-day international floodlit ovals, alongside the ICC Academy’s building and pitches, which offer indoor and outdoor training facilities. These include technology tools for bowlers and batsmen, practice pitches of different surfaces, and indoor nets. The ICC Academy is the only training complex anywhere in the world to offer South Asian, English and Australian practice turf.



Rugby Park, a 5,000 seat rugby stadium The newest sports initiative of Dubai Sports City, the Rugby Park provides state-of-the-art, purpose-built facilities for players, coaches, referees, at all levels of the game. The Rugby Park in future will also boast a ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

state-of-the-art high performance gymnasium, world class sports science and rehabilitation facilities as well as a full sports medical clinic. 

The Els Club Golf Course is Golf Park. It is a world's first and is also the first golf course designed by Ernie Els in the Middle East The course combines a links style golf course with traditional 'classical era' design that features gently rolling fairways with steep greenside bunkers and grass swales

3.6.10. FACILITIES The main facilities include sports complex, residential areas, commercial areas and basic public amenities like parks, waterfront development, restaurants, clubhouses, etc.

3.6.10. A. STADIUMS    

10,000 seat multi-purpose indoor arena. 30,000 capacity cricket stadium 60,000 capacity multi-purpose outdoor complex. 10,000 spectator hockey stadium.  Cricket stadium ( ring of fire ) The Dubai International Stadium is lit by a special system of floodlights named "Ring of Fire". Unlike other stadiums in the world, this stadium has the lights fixed around the circumference of its round roof, thereby minimizing the shadows of objects in the ground and having no light towers. It has 350 numbers of floodlights attached in series.

 Multipurpose outdoor stadium DSC multi-purpose stadium is a multi-use stadium in Dubai, UAE. Planned to have a capacity of 60,000 and will host football, rugby, cricket, athletics track and field Events.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

 Multipurpose indoor stadium DSC multipurpose indoor stadium designed to host all hard court games such as basketball, volleyball, handball, badminton, tennis, ice-hockey, and more than 10,000 seat indoor stadium.

STRUCTURE – A Geodesic dome to span a stadium that can be subdivided in multiple ways. FACILITIES- The stadium features food courts, cafe, restaurants and related infrastructural facilities, and installation of digital score boards, and safety and security systems.  Academy

There are academies for other sports .These include Football academy, ICC global cricket academy, Butch Harmon School of golf, David Lloyd tennis academy. 64

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3.6.10. B. RESIDENTIAL A wide variety of residences allow everyone to find a space that fits them.

 RESIDENTIAL COLONIES  Canal residence west Located in the heart of Dubai Sports City, Canal Residence West (CRW) is a grand expression of splendid promenade residence. A project of master developer DSC, it offers all the essentials of modern living for its established community of 1000 families and others around it.  Marbella village (Spanish architecture) Marbella embodies the perfect spirit of good life. Designed uniquely in a village style, every window opens to a soothing shade of the rolling green landscapes, and every home is an extension of nature.  Victory heights Comprised of nearly 1000 villas, Victory Heights forms a golf community that intermingles with the fairways of the Els Club golf course to form a spellbinding living experience.  Fortuna village Fortuna Village is the eighth and newest addition to Victory Heights’ picturesque golf community. It consists of stylish 4-bedroom townhouse ideally located between The Els Club and the Canal Residence West district.  North point 2 Designed in a classic European style that is reminiscent of the Mediterranean Riviera, North Point will feature luxurious and relaxed settings where residents, visitors, executives and employees can meet, relax, shop and dine.

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 Gallery villas Gallery Villas is a small community within Dubai Sports City comprising 50 villas and townhouses, each offering an expansive private backyard with breathtaking views of the golf course. This beautiful district offers 10 stand-alone villas and 40 townhouses. The stand-alone villas contain five bedrooms, a maid’s room, and a driver’s room, and have a total area of 4,920 square feet. The four-bedroom townhouses on the other hand come only with a maid’s room, and range between 2,443 and 2,657 square feet. All homes offer spacious rooms with separate dressing areas in the master bedrooms, and large balconies and patios.

3.6.11. INTERRELATION- WITH SPORTS AND ITS SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT For promoting sports into the society they have provided indoor play zone for kids, as well as youngsters who wish to take sports as a career. The academics are very near and they are trained regularly by reputed coaches.

3.6.12. RECRETIONAL FACILITIES.

The recreational facilities cannot be defined in Dubai Sports City because each corner of the city is itself a recreational place. The outdoor as well indoor environment has all luxury facilities that keeps people fresh and happy. 66

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It has waterfront development stretched along 1000 sq. meter It has park on both edges, swimming pools, and other facilities that attract children. 3.6.13. LANDSCAPE The landscape is done is artistic way. Each colony has its unique style of landscaping. The use of hardscape and soft cape, signage is done at regular intervals. The parks are designed separately for children, society and visitors. 3.6.14. PARKING As in the picture it is clearly seen the use of signage and parking system along the side of road. There is separate parking for each house. The parking at stadiums are in front of stadiums.

3.6.15. OTHER FACILITIES Other facilities include commercial area, 261 restaurants, and other luxurious facilities like multiples, shopping mall, sports clinic, school etc. 3.6.16. AREA PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN CAPACITY AREA SPORTS COMPLEX 1. Multipurpose outdoor stadium 2. Multipurpose indoor arena 3.Cricket stadium 4.Hockey stadium RESIDENTIAL COLONY 1.Canal west colony 2. Marbella village 3.Victory height 4.Fortuna village 5.North point 2 6. Gallery villa

CAPACITY 83000 SQ METRE 60,000 10,000 30,000 10,000 APPROX 30,000 SQ METRE 1000 1500 5000 3000 8000 800

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3.6.17 .OBSERVATIONS  Pros 1. Better system of planning of city that has all luxurious facilities. 2. Use of natural/open spaces is quiet appreciable.  Cons 1. Parking in front of stadiums often creates problems. 2. Some portion of city is not expandable in future. 3.6.18. INFERENCE AREA Site plan Zoning

Venues

Stadiums Residential

Residential and its relationship with social environment Recreational Landscape Parking Other facilities

POSITIVE NEGATIVE Site plan looks beautiful as the city looks. Zoning of buildings are done Some of the places could according to its surroundings have been arranged at better place. Sports complex and other major venues that conducts are placed separately. Parking near stadiums are not done in regular way. One of the best use of society with the city. Planning is done in simple way. Best way to motivate people. To remain healthy lifestyle. Merging of recreational at inside as well as outside. Better use of natural It lacks at stadiums. environment. Not good at stadiums. Other facilities are sufficient to lead a luxury life.

3.6.19. REFERENCE  http://www.dsc.ae/  http://www.dubaisportscity.fineandcountry.ae/master-plan.html  http://www.dubaisportscity.fineandcountry.ae/propertysearch.php?villaStyle=canal &srchTyp=vStyle

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3.7. YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX, DELHI 3.7.1. INTRODUCTION The Yamuna Sports Complex is a sports complex located in New Delhi, India. Foundation stone of this complex was laid by Late Shri Rajiv Gandhi, Honorable Ex-Prime Minister of India on 13th Jun, 1989. Partially opened on "pay & play" basis since 1994. Inaugurated on 20th July 1999.

3.7.2. HISTORY It was the venue for Archery at the 2010 Commonwealth Games as well as Lawn bowls at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. A large stone sculpture b "Aiming for Excellence" by noted sculptor, Amaranth Sehgal, was installed at the complex in January 2002.

3.7.3. LOCATION It is located near Master Somnath Marg, Near Vivekananda College, Surajmal Vihar, New Delhi, and Delhi 110092

3.7.4. GENERAL INFORMATION Address

Master Somnath Marg, Near Vivekananda College, Surajmal Vihar, New Delhi, Delhi 110092

Capacity

20,000

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Opened

1999

Owner

Delhi Development Authority

Major events

Commonwealth games 2010

Architect

Peddle Throp Architects

Operator

Indian Olympic Association

Site area

62.5 acres

3.7.5. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

“AIM OF EXCELLENCE” The main philosophy behind this complex was to provide excellence to other sports like archery, lawn ball, table tennis, which were less popular. 3.7.6. DESIGN CHALLENGE Designing it in the crowded region of Delhi and congestion traffic was the biggest challenge for the architects. Providing an environment which can motivate the players despite of surrounding noises, traffic etc. The main aim to involve local residents to use it and remain healthy. Traffic…….Noise…………Congestion ………….Involvement of Local People………. 3.7.7. SITE APPROACH  Yamuna sports complex surrounded by 71-a (N).  Mater somnath Marg (on south)  Shahid Bhagat Singh Marg and residential area (towards east).  KV, Vighya bhawan and residential area (towards west).

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.7.8. SITE PLAN

The site plan above shows the location of facilities. The color codes shows the specific location of building.

3.7.8. ZONING AND CIRCULATION

VEHICULAR PEDESTRIAN

The above map clearly shows the movement and circulation of vehicle and pedestrian movement. The red color shows the movement of vehicle. These vehicle includes all types of vehicle including bicycle to trucks. There is no separate roads made for heavy vehicles. On the other hand yellow color shows the movement of pedestrian.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.7.9. FACILITIES The facilities includes Tennis, Synthetic Tennis Courts (2), Clay-5, Cement-3, Tennis Practice Wall, Table Tennis, Badminton, Fitness Centre, and Ladies Gym. Carom, Chess, Billiards / Snooker / Pool, Basket Ball, Volley Ball, Gymnastics Hall, Skating, Aerobics, Taekwondo, Jogging Track, Artificial Climbing Wall, Cricket, Cricket Practice Pitches, Football, Hockey, Squash, including one glass back wall court, Olympic size Swimming Pool, Toddlers Pool, Sports Shop & Snack Bar. 3.7.9. A. SPORT FACILITIES  Archery  The archery range has a capacity of 1500 people .The total area of the plot is 40000 sq. m.  It has a car parking for 500 cars  The block has lift for specially abled and proper ramp provision

The above pictures shows the exterior view of the archery of the complex. It was the venue for Commonwealth Games 2010.The other figure shows the plan of the internal building. It has entrance lobby, reception, lift and toilet for especially abled, fire handling unit, separate sitting zones for spectators, media, archery ground, and every 30 m distance there is facilities of water hydrant.  Swimming pool  Depth of pool is 1.35m  Seating for around  Administrative block on first floor  First Aid room  Fire house ,smoke detectors and sprinklers provided  Proper ramps provided. The plan of the swimming pool is shows the zoning of various areas, and their inter-relationship with the other areas. It includes separate canteen, swimming area, warm up area, shower area, diving pool, reception, sitting area etc. The swimming pool has capacity 200 people. It is less used by local people. 72

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

 Lawn ball  Seating for around 130 people  Main structure faces north  Facilities  Physiotherapy room  First aid room  Canteen  Lounge  Staff rest room The plan shows all the areas of this complex. It was the venue for commonwealth Games 2010 .It has facilities like first aid room, staff rest room, changing rooms, lounge, canteen, etc. Separate ramps and lifts has been provided for especially abled people.

   

 Table tennis CAPACITY OF 42297 PEOPLE IT HAS 2 SHOW COURT,8 MATCH COURT AND 10 WARM UP TABLES WOODEN FLOORING AISLES ARE 600MM WIDE.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The plan shows the different areas. There is separate toilets and lifts for especially abled people. The sitting is retractable. It has a gymnasium, tennis courts, warm up courts, a show court area. The parking facilities is provided below this building. Electrical room, smoke detector is also provided. The ramps are provided that leads to the basement.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

      

Administrative block FACILITIES BILLIARDS ROOM DANCE ROOM GYMNASIUM SQUASH ROOM CAFETERIA FIRST AID ROOM

The administrative block is G+ 1 building having various other sport facilities like snookers, squash, dance room, billiards room etc. It has separate gymnasium and fitness Centre. The storage hall is quiet large where the sports related equipment’s are placed. 3.7.10. PARKING. The parking facilities is located in the basement. Its capacity is around 504. There is no separate parking for staff and visitors. The facilities like ramps has been provided. At the time of major events parking often becomes a problem here since provision of open parking on the site is not provided. 3.7.11. LANDSCAPE The landscaping mainly used is local trees and plants. They are planted along the roads that provides the shades since the complex lies in hot regions of India. The pathways are made up of precast tiles and roads are made up of concrete. 3.7.12. OTHER SUPPORT SERVICES Other services include separate electrical room, HVAC plant rooms. The use of smoke detectors, sprinklers, separate lifts and toilets for especially abled makes this sports complex a better functioning system of services.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.7.13. DESIGN CAPACITY AND AREA PROGRAMMING The pie chart clearly shows the use of spaces in the complex. The open spaces are almost 75%. Which creates a environmentally friendly zone.

AREA

CAPACITY

PLOT AREA

Archery

1500

40000 sq. m

Swimming

500

22000 sq. m

Lawn field

126

15000 sq. m

Table tennis

4297

26000 sq. m

Administration

800

42000 sq. m

3.7.14. GREEN INITIATIVES



Orientation north



Rain water harvesting



Effluent treatment plant



CFL lighting



Solar tubes in indoor stadiums



Solar cells

Fly ash bricks

 Conservation of water by flooding and horticulture  Dual knob flushing cisterns  Heat insulation through 1. Walls with cavity walls 2. Double insulated glass 3. Thermal insulation on roof 76

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3.7.15. OBSERVATIONS

Merits

Demerits



Proper ramps were provided

1. Only one basketball court.



Sprinklers and fire detectors provided

2.Parking far from venue.



Special provisions for especially abled

3.Distantace between stadiums far.



Stadiums with retractable sitting



Sufficient parking space.

3.7.16. INFERENCES.

AREA

POSITIVE

NEGATIVE

Site plan

Site plan of the complex has entries and exit from all sides of roads. Buildings are placed according to priority wise.

However separate entries are not specified.

Zoning and circulation

Sport facilities

Sports which are less played is given more priority.

Parking

There is sufficient parking.

Landscape

Trees are provided on both sides of road for shading purpose. Separate area in every buildings that has facilities like electrical, HVAC, canteen, is provided.

Support services

However distance between the two buildings are very far. There is only one basketball court. The ground for cricket and hockey are not maintained regularly. No surface parking only basement parking. However trees are not arranged in systematic way.

3.7.17. REFERENCES.  http://dda.org.in/sports/yamuna_sports_complex.htm  https://www.slideshare.net/hamzaaaaaah/yamuna-sports-complex

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

4.1. SPORTS AREA BASED COMPARISON LITERAT URE CASE STUDY I DUBAI SPORTS CITY,UA E

CASE STUDY I SHRI SHIV CHHATRA PATI SPORTS COMPLEX ,BALEWA DI ,PUNE

CASE STUDY II

607028 sq. m

800000 sq. m

253684 sq. m

35% of the plot area

25% of plot area

65% of the plot area .5

75% of plot

20 m

Side setbacks

Rear setbacks

Parking

2 ecs per 100 sq. m

3000 sq. m

4500 sq. m

60000 sq. m

3500

22000 sq. m -

26000 sq. m

300 sq. m No 1

1000 No 8 -

48 sq. m

A. SITE INFORMATI ON Total plot area

Permissible ground coverage Open spaces Permissible FAR Front setbacks

B. BUILDING BLOCKS Administrativ e block Indoor facilities Sports shop Total Toilets

JAYPE E ATLAN TIS SPORT S CITY ,NOIDA

LITERATUR E CASE STUDY II YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX,D ELHI

STANDA RDS (Time saver/NB C)

20% of total plot area 80% of the plot area

Width of road As per height As per height As per height 2 ecs per 100 sq. m 3x7m/4 wheelers

REMA RKS

Velodrome

Swimming Pool Outdoor Facility Total

1093.6 ft. height No 1 50 x 25 No 1

400 No 10 -

29500 sq. m

C. ADMINISTR ATIVE BLOCK Reception

25 No 1 80 Entrance No 3 lobby 30 Sec room No 1 150 Conference No 1 room 40 Accounts No 1 office 150 Waiting area No 1 Manager room 30 No 1 Pantry for office Meeting room 40 No 1 10 Guards room No 1 16 Toilet for No 3 visitors 20 Toilets for No 2 staff 20 Toilets No 3

Billiards room

30 No 1 200 No 2 40 No 1 200 No 1 50 No 1 100 No 1 20 No 1 -

50 No 1 20 No 1 18 No 4 20 No 2 16 No 3

25 No. 1 200 No. 1 30 No. 1 60 No. 1 30 No. 1 20 No. 1 18 No. 1 30 No. 1 48 No. 1 16 No. 1 16 No. 1 12 No. 2 20 No. 2

LITERAT CASE CASE URE LITERATUR STUDY I STUDY CASE E CASE SHRI SHIV II STUDY I STUDY II CHHATRA DUBAI YAMUNA PATI JAYPEE SPORTS SPORTS SPORTS ATLAN CITY,UAE COMPLEX,D COMPLEX TIS ELHI ,BALEWAD SPORT I ,PUNE S CITY ,NOIDA 72 120 No. 4

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

3 sq. m 100 sq. m 15 90 15 12 09 06 1.7 10 2.7 2.7 2 sq. m + circulation STANDA RDS (Time saver/NB C)

REMAR KS

30 No 1 50 No 3 -

Entrance lobby Room

35 No 1 40 No 2 -

Aerobics

Media work area Warm-up court

50 No 1 60 (depending on the capacity) 460 No 4 90 No 1 -

400 No 3 300 No 1 400 No 2 800 No 4 16 No 5 16 No 2 20 No 10 400

Dance room

50 No 2 First Aid room 25 No 1 50 Squash room No 1 Ticket counter 70 No 1 Total Cafeteria

C. INDOOR FACILITY Reception

Badminton court Multi gymnasium Board game area Tennis Toilets for visitors Toilets for staff Toilet Billiards room Multipurpose hall First aid room Meditation room Squash court Electrical room 80

500 No 4 16 No 2 16 No 2 16 No 1 40 No 1 5000 No 1 40 No 1 40 No 1

200 No 1 30 No 1 40 No 1

120 No. 1 120 No. 1 15 No. 1 200 No. 4 150 No. 1

25 No 1 200 No 1 30 No 1 60 No 1 30 No 1 20 No 1

12 No 1 09 No 1 -

15 x 27 (405) 600

300 No. 8 -

10.7 x 23.7 1.5 x 1.5

12 No 2 20 No 2 120 No 4 120 No 1 15 No 1 200 No 4 25 No 1

800 No 1 -

800 No. 8 3000 No.1 -

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

350 1.2 14 x 26

1.2 x 1.5 1.2 x 1.2 6x3 60

VIP,VVIP,Ent 30 No 1 ry lobby Exhibition hall -

180 No 1 -

Soccer

Circulation

20%

35%

Total D. OUTDOOR FACILITY Cricket stadium Football stadium Hockey stadium Volleyball court Badminton court Swimming pool Changing room Basketball Children park Toilet Lawn ball

20% 9120

20,000 No 1 1500 No 1 60 No 1 140 No 1 50 x 25 No 4 12 60 No 1 15 No 3 -

40,000 No 1 -

17678

11900

3160 No. 4 -

150 No 2 56 No 2 1500 No 8 20 No 4 -

14400

200 No 1 30 No 1 60 No 1 20% No 1 1661 sq. m

40000 No 1 2000 (mini) No 1 -

22720+30 00 12000

60 No 1 150 No 4 20 No 1 12 No 1 48 No 1 12 No 1 16 No 2 12 No 2

200 (9 x 18) 80

210 7150 20%

90 x 55

56 03 30 100 1.2 x 1.5 -

Total

4.2. FUNCTIONALITY BASED COMPARISON

Residential services Sports services

CASE LITERATU CASE STUDY STUDY II RE CASE I STUDY I SHRI SHIV JAYPEE DUBAI CHHATRAPA ATLANT SPORTS TI SPORTS IS CITY,UAE COMPLEX SPORTS ,BALEWADI CITY ,PUNE ,NOIDA Average Excellent Excellent Need modern Only amenities. cricket focused, no importanc

One of the best in the world.

LITERATURE CASE STUDY II YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX,DEL HI

Needs redevelopment. Lack of modern amenities.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

REMAR KS

Recreational services. Infrastructu res Traffic and transportatio n Utilities.

None.

e to other sports. Excellent.

Excellent.

None.

Average.

Good.

Excellent.

Fair.

Average.

Average

Congested

Fair enough

4.3. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON CASE STUDY I SHRI SHIV CHHATRAPATI SPORTS COMPLEX ,BALEWADI ,PUNE The environment is quiet good but does not exist in proper manner. Things are not arranged properly. Landscaping are not pleasing. Overall there is good scope if done in specified manner.

CASE STUDY II JAYPEE ATLANTIS SPORTS CITY ,NOIDA

LITERATURE CASE STUDY I DUBAI SPORTS CITY,UAE

LITERATURE CASE STUDY II YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX,DELHI

The environment is quiet pleasant and healthy.

Overall the use Not at all good. Rate of environment of pollution is quiet is best seen here. high. It includes even the sports sector.

REMARKS

4.4. SPORTS SPIRIT RAISING COMPARISON CASE STUDY I SHRI SHIV CHHATRAPATI SPORTS COMPLEX ,BALEWADI ,PUNE The entire complex becomes lively on the occasion of events. Other days it fails to promote sports spirit among players.

CASE STUDY II JAYPEE ATLANTIS SPORTS CITY ,NOIDA

LITERATURE CASE STUDY I DUBAI SPORTS CITY,UAE

LITERATURE CASE STUDY II YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX,DELHI

It failed to promote sports spirit among the people who are living there because due to lack of sport facilities. Moreover, it

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

REMARKS

is more luxurious residential focused.

4.5. SOCIAL COMMUNITY BUILDING COMPARISON CASE STUDY I SHRI SHIV CHHATRAPATI SPORTS COMPLEX ,BALEWADI ,PUNE

CASE STUDY II JAYPEE ATLANTIS SPORTS CITY ,NOIDA

LITERATURE CASE STUDY I DUBAI SPORTS CITY,UAE

It has Best example of somehow community tried to development. develop a social community.

LITERATURE CASE STUDY II YAMUNA SPORTS COMPLEX,DELHI

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

REMARKS

SITE ANALYSIS

5.1. SITE JUSTIFICATION (VADODARA)  Connectivity Vadodara district with 7548.50 Sq. km area, is located central part of mainland Gujarat, lies between 21°49‟19” and 22°48‟37” north latitude and 72°51‟05”and 74°16‟55” east longitude. It falls in the Survey of India, degree sheets numbered 46B, 46F, 46J & 46G. The district is bounded in north & northeast by Anand, Panchmahals & Dahod districts, in east & in south east by Madhya Pradesh & Maharashtra State, in south east by Narmada district & in south & in west by Bharuch district. Vadodara city, the district headquarter is about 100 km south of Ahmedabad, is well connected to other parts of the State & Country by network of highways and railway network.  Sports in Vadodara To enhance Gujarat as a sports hub of India, government is conducting some sports events in the state: ► SGFI National School Games ► Annual Sports Event for 2016-17 School Game organised by Commissioner ate of Youth and Cultural Activities, Gandhinagar ► Pre National Coaching Camp and National Championship 2016-17. ► “Khel Mahakumbh” to promote sports. ► Also, domestic events such as IPL, Hockey India League, etc. would induce demand for appropriate infrastructure in the country. ► Baroda has one indoor sports complex located at Sama & one outdoor sports complex located at Manjalpur.There is also a private cricket ground owned by Reliance Industries. ► The city has Bal Bhavan, an institution which provides professional training in sports like lawn tennis, table tennis, badminton with cultural activities. ► Football is a famous sport played in the city. Baroda Football Academy provides professional coaching in football and other sports activities.  Other factors ► Vadodara is one of the leading city of Gujarat with being cleanest cities of India. It full fills all the necessary requirement to host international events. 84

► Gujarat government wanted to make Vadodara as the “sports capital of Gujarat”. So it’s all policies are to improve all sports infrastructure facilities at Vadodara. ► Vadodara is listed among the top 100 “smart cities mission “of India and DMIC (Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor) passes through it .So chances of people migrating from nearby areas is expected to grow in coming years and more development to occur. 5.1. A. WHY “VADSAR” in Vadodara? Vadodara's fast growth has led to the development of another belt which has brought smiles on the face of the homebuyers. Almost a decade back, Vadsar was like any other extended suburb having fragmented development without proper grocery shops, no roads, electricity etc. However, because of its location, the residential demand increased in Vadsar and established players started developing housing projects with modern-day needs and amenities meeting the customer needs. The trend continued and Vadsar today has become more acceptable and an establishing destination now. The look of the catchment changed entirely and got plenty of new infrastructural developments like wide roads, street lights, cleaning of surroundings, regular bus services, civic amenities, etc. Vadsar not only has luxurious homes but also affordable ones. All the urban amenities are available in the nearest proximity, making the location desirable in every way. Vadsar also enjoys excellent water supply, transport facilities, street lights and well planned infrastructure. To become a sought-after residential area, facilities like educational institutions and entertainment are a must, and Vadsar doesn't fail to deliver. Apart from hospitals, reputed schools like Billabong High International School, Gujarat Public School and Delhi Public School are located in the area. The area is closely knit to the developed area Manjalpur and avails all entertainment from the very area or the extended OP Road. In all, Vadsar has grown to be one of the most preferred residential areas in Southern Vadodara because of its perfect location and steady development. 5.1. B. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE  Population As indicated by the 2011 India evaluation, Vadodara city had a population of 1,670,806 talking about population, in order to check out the population of Vadodara in 2018, we need to have a look at the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following: 1. 2013 –2.2 Million 2. 2014 –2.25 Million 3. 2015 –2.29 Million 4. 2016 – 2.34 Million 5. 2017 – 2.388 Million Predicting the 2018 population of Vadodara is not easy but we can get the idea after analysing the population from the year 2013 – 17. As we have seen that every year the population increases by approximate 0.00752 Million people. Hence, the population of Vadodara in 2018 is forecast to be 85

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

2.388 Million + 0.00752 Million = 2.39552 Million. So, the population of Vadodara in the year 2018 as per estimated data is 2.39552 Million.

 Languages Many particular languages are spoken here in Vadodara. Beside Gujarati’s and Marathi’s, major populations of North Indians and Bengali’s have settled over here. Each one of them has diverse affiliations and communities out here. This adds to the Cosmopolitan identity of Vadodara. Beside this, Ganesh Chaturthi and Uttaraan are furthermore celebrated with extraordinary eagerness. Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Marathi and English are the dialects spoken.  Religion Vadodara Hinduism is majority religion in Vadodara city with 85.39 % followers. Islam is second most popular religion in city of Vadodara with approximately 11.40 % following it. In Vadodara city, Christianity is followed by 1.22 %, Jainism by 1.32 %, Sikhism by 0.45 % and Buddhism by 0.45 %. Around 0.06 % stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.10 % stated 'No Particular Religion'.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

 Sex Ratio and Literacy Rate

5. 2. SITE INFORMATION 5.2. A. Location The site is located near Vadsar on the bank of river Vishwamitri. This area lies in the western part of district Vadodara. This region is under developing area.

5.2. B. Area and general information  Taluka The site lies in the taluka “Vadodara”. Vadodara district is divided 12 talukas. Details of the Talukas, their urban & rural areas and numbers of revenue villages & towns etc., are given in Map showing its administrative units as Taluka & their headquarter is given below.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

 Area 1. Site area - 146 acres. 2. Name of locality - Vadsar, Near Manjalpur GIDC. 3. Primary road - Susen –Tarasil Ring road. 4. Latitude - 22 * 15’ 23.34”N 5. Longitude - 73*10’31.38”E 6. Landmark - Billabong Park. 7. Dist. Headquarter - Vadodara 8. Altitude - 35m above sea level. 9. Width of primary road- 40m 10. Width of sec. road - 15m. 5.2. C. Accessibility Baroda has five railway stations: Baroda Junction, Bajwa, Pratapnagar, Makarpura and Vishwamitri. Baroda is on the National Highway 8, which connects Delhi to Mumbai via Jaipur, Udaipur, Ahmedabad and Vadodara. The Baroda Airport, also known as Civil Airport Harni, is located in Harni suburb. Port Connectivity is available with three ports – Kandla, Mundra & Pipavav The distances from the various accessible points are listed:

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.3. SITE HISTORY A decade ago the site has been used as a landfill site. In the year 2016 the municipal body raised the campaign of tree plantation to the environment green and healthy. Presently there are 12,636 trees spread in an area of about 50.000 sq. meters. Now that area is known as urban forest museum.

5.4. SITE CONTEXT The fig. shows the site lies in combination of residential, recreational, and district center zone. All these features are required to develop a sports city zone. However the presence of industrial area seems little bit unusual. The presence of water body and commercial areas makes the surrounding ideal for sports city.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.5. NATURAL FACTORS (WITHIN SITE) 5.5. A. Geology and geomorphology The rocks of the Vadodara district shows an age from Proterozoic to Recent but a striking features of the district stratigraphy is the total absence of Palaeozoic, and the development of only the uppermost Mesozoic rocks.

5.5. B. Landforms The most of the western part, comprising of Mahi â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Narmada Doab and northern alluvial plain is more or less level terrain, have elevation in range from 20 to 80 m amsl. There are some linear tracts, along Mahi, Viswamitre, Dhadahar and Orsang rivers, have ravine landforms, with typical head ward 91

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

erosional featured gully formation in soft alluvium. All such features of Mahi-Narmada Doab, like ravine features, high cliff along banks and entrenched meandering courses with dry and wide sandy river bed of intermediate independent river systems of the Dhadhar & its tributaries indicate mature river stage and also tectonic uplift of Doab portion in recent geological past . 5.5. C. River basin The Jambuva, the Surya, the Viswamitre and the Dhadhar, which flow through central part of the district and empty into the Gulf of Khambat, are part of the Dhadhar Basin.

5.5. D. Soils type and its characteristics The site have the presence of deep black soil. The characteristics of black soil are given below: •Regur means cotton – best soil for cotton cultivation. • Most of the Deccan is occupied by Black soil. •Mature soil. • High water retaining capacity. • Swells and will become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. • Self-ploughing is a characteristic of the black soil as it develops wide cracks when dried. 92

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

• Rich in: Iron, lime, calcium, potassium, aluminum and magnesium. • Deficient in: Nitrogen, Phosphorous and organic matter. • Color: Deep black to light black. • Texture: Clayey. 5.5. E. Water table

5.5. F. Circulation internal The internal circulation is shown in the fig. The circulation inside the site is mainly observed during the evening and morning time. It is mainly due to saidham temple. The site is also a good yoga spot, picnic spot, and walking area. 5.5. G. Topography The site has contours as depicted in the figure.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.5. H. Drainage The drainage are of two types: natural along the slope and artificial that runs near the road .The site has both the conditions. The natural slope allows the free flow of water during monsoon into river Vishwamitri.On the other hand artificial drainage runs along the pathways which further connects to the main sewer line. 5.5. I. Storm water The site has various depressions due to which the water gets stored in that area during the monsoon seasons. Moreover, the slum area near to it has heavy storm water due to improper maintenance.

5.5. J. Vegetation The site has 12.636 trees as mentioned earlier. The Vishwamitri River has banyan trees along its banks, because of this reason the name of the city Vadodara has been derived as banyan tree in Sanskrit language is known as “Vatodar”.The site has various other local trees and flowers which make it a suitable landscape area. 5.5. K. Hydrology The site has the major water body i.e. “VISHWAMITRI RIVER”. There is no other major or minor water body.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.5. L. Site wind direction The wind direction is from SW direction but it changes at site due to various built up spaces. There is also change in direction because of contours and river flow. 5.5. M. Built up area The site has a temple called â&#x20AC;&#x153;Saidham templeâ&#x20AC;? built in the centre.It has a slum just near the site.

5.6. CLIMATE ANALYSIS 5.6. A. Climatic Zone The map above shows the climatic zones of India. Vadodara lies in the region of hot dry. Vadodara district area, in general, being located south of tropic of cancer and in transition zone of heavy rainfall areas of south Gujarat plains, have sub-tropical climate with moderate humidity. The various seasons of the year are (a) monsoon- middle of June to October (b) winter from November to February and (c) summer from march to June .From march onwards the temperature starts rising till it reaches maximum , as high as 41*C in some parts of the district.

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.6. B. Rainfall

The wetter season lasts 2.9 months, from June 18 to September 16, with a greater than 27% chance of a given day being a wet day. The chance of a wet day peaks at 53% on July 28. The drier season lasts 9.1 months, from September 16 to June 18. The smallest chance of a wet day is 0% on February 19.Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation throughout the year is rain alone, with a peak probability of 53% on July 28.

5.6. C. Mean monthly temperature

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The hot season lasts for 2.1 months, from April 3 to June 7, with an average daily high temperature above 100°F. The hottest day of the year is May 12, with an average high of 105°F and low of 82°F. The cool season lasts for 2.1 months, from December 7 to February 10, with an average daily high temperature below 87°F. The coldest day of the year is January 9, with an average low of 57°F and high of 83°F. 5.6. D. Cloudy and sunny day

The clearer part of the year in Vadodara begins around September 20 and lasts for 8.7 months, ending around June 10. On February 17, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 89% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 11% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around June 10 and lasts for 3.3 months, ending around September 20. On July 31, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 80% of the time, and clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 20% of the time. 5.6. E. humidity

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

The muggier period of the year lasts for 6.7 months, from April 17 to November 7, during which time the comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable at least 27% of the time. The muggiest day of the year is July 25, with muggy conditions 100% of the time. The least muggy day of the year is February 1, with muggy conditions 3% of the time. 5.6. F. Wind rose diagram

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Vadodara varies throughout the year. The wind is most often from the west for 7.5 months, from February 25 to October 8, with a peak percentage of 69% on May 16. The wind is most often from the east for 2.7 months, from October 8 to December 29, with a peak percentage of 55% on November 9. The wind is most often from the north for 1.9 months, from December 29 to February 25, with a peak percentage of 42% on January 1.

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5.6. G. Wind speed

The windier part of the year lasts for 3.9 months, from April 30 to August 27, with average wind speeds of more than 9.0 miles per hour. The windiest day of the year is June 25, with an average hourly wind speed of 13.0 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for 8.1 months, from August 27 to April 30. The calmest day of the year is October 13, with an average hourly wind speed of 5.1 miles per hour. 5.6. H. Sun path diagram ď&#x201A;ˇ Summer solstices ( 21 June)

10: 00 am

12:00 am

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

4: 00 pm



Winter solstices (22 December)

10: 00 am 

12: 00 pm

4: 00 pm

Equinox (21 September)

10: 00 pm

12: 00 am

4: 00 pm

5.6. I. Sociography of the built environment in and around the site. 

100

Summer solstice (21 June)

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ď&#x201A;ˇ

Winter solstices (22 December)

ď&#x201A;ˇ

Equinox (22 September)

5.6. J. Comfort requirement and physical manifestation of nearby buildings

5.6. K. Orientation 1. Orientation of building: Orientation of building in this climatic zone should be such that non-habitat rooms can be located on outer faces to act as thermal barrier. Longer walls of building should face North & South so that the building gets minimum solar exposure. Preferably the 101

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kitchen should be located on leeward side of the building to avoid circulation of hot air and smell from the kitchen. 5.6. L. Local vegetation and its role

Trees and shrubs create different air flow patterns, provide shading and keep the surroundings cooler in warm weather. Vegetation can be used for energy conservation in buildings in the following ways:     

Shading of buildings and open spaces through landscaping Roof gardens (or green roofs) Shading of vertical and horizontal surfaces (green walls) Buffer against cold and hot winds Changing direction of wind

Vegetation is a flexible controller of solar and wind penetration in buildings. It reduces direct sun from striking and heating up building surfaces and lowers the outside air temperature which in turn effects the heat transfer from outside to building envelope and interior. It can also be used as internal shading element. Used as such, plants increase the shading coefficient, a measure of the efficiency of shading devices, without compromising on external views. Plants moreover grow in the direction of sunlight and the growth varies with seasons and when used keeping in mind seasonal variations at the building location, can be cost effective, flexible shading elements. Vegetation also alters the micro-climate of a site and has been used as micro-climate manager for as long as buildings have been built. This is possible through evapotranspiration. Plantation also shades building surfaces and open ground, thus inducing lower surface temperatures. Since this shading is almost permanent, the low temperatures do not vary much even when exposed to harsh radiation occasionally during hot seasons. Green roofs or roof gardens can also be used as they help to reduce heat loads in a building. The additional thickness of the growing medium provides extra thermal insulation. These also 102

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retain moisture from rainwater further cooling the roof surface. The green cover lowers ambient temperatures through evapotranspiration. Green roofs can be categorised as intensive, extensive and modular bocks. The biggest difference is with respect to the depth of soil and resultantly, the type of vegetation that can be supported in each of the types. Soil depth in intensive green roofs is at least 300mm, in extensive roofs about 25 to 125 mm, and in modular blocks about 100mm. Roof structures have to be sturdy for supporting green roofs as these impose greater dead weights than normal roofs. Proper landscape design and vegetation can be used effectively by architects from an early design phase to lower the ambient temperature and thus reducing the resulting demand for air conditioning loads in a building.

Arjun

Large deciduous tree

Imli (Tamarind)

Evergreen tree

Sheesham

Evergreen tree

Neem

Good shade tree

Scholar or Ditabark or Pulai Evergreen tree (Alstonia scholaris) Kanak champa (Pterospermum Evergreen tree acerifolium)

SHADING

Jacaranda

Semi- evergreen or deciduous tree

Gold Mohar (Delonix regia)

Costal and windy areas

Indian Laurel inophyllum)

Evergreen tree

(Calophyllum

Indian Rosewood

Provides broken shade; direct sun can reach the ground

Barringtonia

Southern India and its coastal regions

Indian Padauk Rosewood Indian Parasol

Burmese

Evergreen tree Deciduous tree

Frangipani (Plumeria Acutifolia) Deciduous tree

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Baheda

Deciduous tree

Indian Beech (pongamia glabra)

Dense shade; deciduous for short periods

Bhendi

Evergreen tree

Copper Pod

Semi- deciduous tree

Tamarind Neem Cassurina equisetifolia WINDBREAKERS Indian Rosewood Indian Siris (Alibilzia lebbeck) Indian Beech (pongamia glabra) Black Plum (Eugenia jambolona

5.7. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS 5.7. A. Existing Land use The existing land use map is shown in figure. The site having red color is surrounded by water body. Residential and recreational open spaces. Legends: Residential Commercial Industrial Open spaces

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5.7. B. Direction of development The direction of development is mainly on the other side of the river. Agricultural lands are converted into residential and other mixed used lands. The developing side is shown by pink color. On the other side the city is over congested because older development.

5.7. C. Built up and density The left side of the city is densely built up. The other main factor is GIDC belt, it allows people to migrate and settle near the slum area. While there is gradual decrease in the settlement as we move downwards, it is because of agricultural lands. These lands are being converted into other lands and new townships are being constructed. 5.7. D. Vegetation There is abundance of trees and plants along the river banks and on the site. It is called â&#x20AC;&#x153;Urban forest museumâ&#x20AC;?. Mainly banyan trees are found. Other local plants and flowers are present.

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5.7. E. Water elements The major water body is the Vishwamitri River nearest to the site. There are other water bodies present in the Billabong Park. Other major important water body near to site is â&#x20AC;&#x153;Suarnaganga Lakeâ&#x20AC;?.

5.7. F. Open spaces As shown in figure green color areas are left open. Mainly they are agricultural lands. While some on the left side are parks, garden.

5.7. G. Traffic and congestion Traffic is a major issue near the site. In the figure it is clearly shown the red color nodes heavy traffic and yellow color nodes have minor traffic. Since there is two yellow nodes present at the ring road and one red one.

5.7. H. Road networks The major roads are SusenTarasli ring road. Legends: Major road Secondary road City walk Pedestrian

106

Railway tr.

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5.7. I. Socio-economic factors The people living near to site are mainly middle class people. There are mainly employed in the GIDC industrial sector. Other occupation is small scale industries. While agricultural is the major occupation of poor people. The people gets settled into the slums developed around the site because of GIDC belt. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Vadsar allows you to own a good house at an affordable rate. Rs 20-22 lakh and you could own a 2-BHK in the area. The area comes under corporation and is developing leaps and bounds, â&#x20AC;&#x153;notes Kunal Shah, a city-based builder.

5.7. J. Social infrastructures

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To become a sought-after residential area, facilities like educational institutions and entertainment are a must, and Vadsar doesn't fail to deliver. Apart from hospitals, reputed schools like Billabong High International School, Gujarat Public School and Delhi Public School are located in the area. The area is closely knit to the developed area Manjalpur and avails all entertainment from the very area or the extended OP Road. 5.7. K. Physical infrastructure The principal function of Vadodara Municipal Corporation is the provision of basic services to its citizens .Municipal services are offered by VMC to its citizens in the area of water supply , sewerage and sanitation ,storm water drains ,solid waste management ,roads and bridges street lighting ,lake restoration, etc. VMC in the years 2013 and 2015 got the excellence award for solid waste management. The map below shows the presence of water reservoirs, landfill site, waste treatment, sewage and sanitary, etc.

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5.8. AESTHETIC FACTOR 5.8. A. Natural factor and visual resources The major natural factor is the sitting and watching the view of river Vishwamitri and abundance of banyan trees along the site.

5.8. B. Visual Hierarchy

The figure above clearly shows the visual hierarchy of the site. It has the low rise residences, new commercial development, built network, green areas and open spaces, wider network etc. It clearly shows that the site is mix of good as well as some bad visuals. The roads are quiet wide and green areas give a sense of good environment.

110

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5.8. C. Skyline, Scale and spatial features

The skyline clearly depicts the growth of city having low rise structures, new developing area, and buffer zone. 5.9. PUBLIC CONCENTRATION The figure clearly shows the concentration of people at morning and evening. Since the site has temple and river side with lots of vegetation, which attracts locals for worship in the temple. Maximum people at the morning gathers for exercises, walking and yoga activities. While in the evening people gather to see the sunset and other recreational activities. 5.10. PRESENT ACTIVITY PATTERN The site is currently being used for worship, yoga, exercises, picnic spot, and other recreational activities.

5.11. NOISE SOURCE The major source of noise is from the ring road and secondary roads because of heavy traffic and railway line that crosses near to it. The slums nearby it and temple are the other sources of noise .The river side also becomes a major source of noise mainly at the morning and evening time due to large gatherings.

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5.12. SLUMS DEVELOPMENT The site have the slums nearby it. It is developed only because of people migrating from the rural area to GIDC industrial area in search of job. Though they are notified slums and government is trying level best to improve its quality of life.

5.13. AIR QUALITY The suspended particulate matter (SPM) levels have always remained constantly above the prescribed limits for residential and rural areas .This can be mainly attributed to the high concentrations of dust and other constructions materials in most of dust and other construction materials in most parts of the city. Unpaved margins of roads on the outskirts of the city on the highway are mainly responsible for the particulate matters in the high concentrations. In terms of SOX and NOX the trends are well within the standards, which makes it a good environment.

5.14. SEISMIC ZONE The Vadodara district lies in the zone III. This zone is classified as Moderate Damage Risk Zone which is liable to MSK VII and also 7.8 The IS code assigns zone factor of 0.16 for Zone 3.

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5.15. FLOOD CONDITION

The flood risk map shows the areas vulnerable to inundation. The high risk areas include Nizampura, Fatehpura, Dandiya Bazar, Sama, Gotri, Subhanpura, Makarpura, WaghodiaAjwa Road, Maneja, Atladra, Tandalja and Mujhmahuda most of which are located on the banks of the River Vishwamitri. Rest of the areas are low elevation zones. The change in land use was analyzed for these high risk areas. It was found that the built up area in these high risk zones increased by 31.85 % from 56.07 km2 in 1991 to 76.93 km2 in 2014. This shows the unplanned construction in these high risk zones, increasing the vulnerability of the people living in these areas to floods. Increasing unplanned construction in the low elevation areas and river banks, depletion of water bodies, encroachment of river banks by slums and the conversion of land for agriculture to a large extent are the major land use changes responsible for frequent flooding in the city. An integrated approach, therefore, needs to combine watershed and land use management with development planning, engineering measures, flood preparedness and emergency management in the affected lowlands, while taking into account the social and economic needs of communities in both the highland source areas and also the lowland flood prone areas. Flooding in the city of Vadodara needs to be mitigated by proper urban planning in the high risk zones, stringent control over the sprawling of slums, planned removal of slums from the banks of River Vishwamitri, control the landfilling and dumping of debris in the river and lakes, management and treatment of industrial effluent and sewage discharge, regular cleaning of the water bodies, identifying locations for the establishment of new man-made water bodies 113

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

which can act as sinks for the excessive rainwater, management and control over the flow of discharged rainwater from Ajwa and its adjoining reservoirs into the Vishwamitri river,

The average annual rainfall for the years 1991-2014 was found to be 1020.68 mm. The years 1994, 1997, 1998, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 received more than average annual rainfall. However, the city experienced floods in the years 1994, 1996, 2005 and 2014. The table shows that the amount of rainfall received is not the only factor causing severe floods in the city. 5.16. ISSUES REELATED TO SITE  Uncontrolled skyline and building control line The uncontrolled skyline and the building control line place a burden on the available resources and infrastructure facilities.  Abuse of the soft scape Trees are seen more on the street but lack of sensitivity of the general public and indifference of the authority have given rise to the abuse of this natural resources.  Poor condition of hard scape Paving on the street of the nearby site has been sorely neglected .At many places, tiles are either missing or different types of floor finishes are provided.  Status of street furniture 114

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Aesthetics and appearance are not taken into considering the authority while providing essential street furniture like bus stand.  Lack of awareness about architectural heritage Like the local authority and the general public, the institution have also shown lack of awareness of the previous architectural heritage of the city and built without any regard for the existing built structures.  Lack of civic amenities A major problem of the street of old Vadodara is the deficiency of providing civic amenities like public toilets and solid waste management.  Encroachment by hawkers Hawkers occupy the footpaths or parts of the roads compel pedestrians to walk on the road meant for vehicles.  Encroachment by vehicles The tendency of the building owners and shopkeepers to park their vehicles on the footpaths in front of their property also create problems for the pedestrians on the streets. 5.17. SWOT ANALYSIS COMPONENTS

ANALYSIS

Power Supply • Vadodara has adequate power supply at present. • However there is no provision for net energy metering. • There is a great opportunity for development of renewable energy sources through solar plant and waste to energy projects.

Water Supply • Vadodara has adequate water supply coverage and availability for current demand. 140 lpcd is available to the citizens and up to 33% losses occur in the water supply system. Consumer metering is about 2.71%. • There is huge opportunity for water saving by DMA planning, water audit and leak detection for effective water distribution network.

Sewerage

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• Vadodara has adequate sewerage coverage. • 70% sewage is treated before discharge to Vishwamitri river. However 30% sewage remains untreated in some of the natural drains. 0.3% is treated by tertiary treatment plant and used for recycle at Sayaji Baugh. • There is an immense opportunity for establishment of tertiary treatment plants and recycle and sale of treated waste-water on a city scale. Waste to energy systems can also be developed at the STPs. • Social acceptance of recycled water still remains a challenge and will need to be tackled through a combination of public awareness drives, incentives in user charges and policy regulation.

Storm Water Drainage • Vadodara city has about 70% stormwater system coverage. \ • Many natural drains have been silted over the years, or blocked due to urban development. • Cost recovery remains a challenge in drainage and RWH projects.

Solid Waste Management • Solid waste management system of Vadodara presently has 100% coverage. • Timely door to door collection however is still inefficient in spite of innovative steps by VMC like call centre for reporting of miss in collection, e-waste collection drive etc. • Segregation is still not conducted at primary or secondary level. • Augmentation of processing plant to 100% capacity can be taken up through private sector funding. Recycle of waste and conversion of bio-degradable waste to energy, and extension of scientific landfill are immense opportunities.

Traffic & Transport 116

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• Vadodara has adequate road network but a severe lack in public mass transport systems. • No policy restriction on registration of two wheelers or autos. This leads to traffic congestion, uncontrolled parking and blocking of carriageway and increased air pollution. • Encouragement of pedestrianisation, non-motorised vehicles, e-vehicles and other mass public transport systems are needed. • Smart parking systems and construction MLCPs will ease the traffic on roads by reduction of excessive street parking.

Heritage & Culture • Vadodara has a significant density of heritage buildings and architecture. • However there is negligible restoration or tourism promotion. • Improvement tourism circuit with a focus on heritage tourism and adaptive re-use of heritage buildings are both opportunities to be explored.

Open Space • Vadodara has large green cover and open spaces. However pedestrian access, signage and public utilities remain inadequate leading to underutilization. • Private sector participation for development of public amenities and landscaping can be taken up.

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5.18. INFERENCE FACTORS 1.Demographic  Population  Languages  Religion  Sex ratio and literacy rate 2.Site context 3. Natural factors  Geology and geomorphology  Landform  River basin  Soil type  Water table  Internal circulation  Topography  Drainage 

Storm water



Vegetation

 

Hydrology Site wind direction



Built up area

4. Climate analysis  Rainfall  Temperature  Cloudy and sunny days  Humidity  Wind direction  Wind speed  Sun path  Sociography  Orientation  Role of landscape 5. Social and cultural factors  Existing land use  Development direction  Built up and density  Vegetation  Water elements  Open spaces  Traffic and congestion 118

OUTCOMES/ANALYSIS There is 14.38% gradual increase in population till last census. Major Gujarati. Hindu majority region. Average. For sex ratio and good for literacy.

The rocks and minerals are not hazardous. Site in plain area with undulating terrain. Site lies in Dhadhar river basin. Soil is deep black soil. Average. Unplanned and desired pathways. Site has contours. Natural slope is used as drainage .Water flows into the river. There are patches and depressions where water gets stored during monsoon. Banyan trees and local plants are present in abundance. Only river is the major water body. S-W Direction with little variations due to high rise buildings around the site. Temple is the only built up structure present on the site. Average. Hot and try (max-41*) Average. Low. S-W direction. 9 km per hour. Harsh. Average. N-S longer side. Fair. Easily transformable. Direction Opposite to site. Mixed. Excellent. Good. Good. Problem on major ring road.

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 Road networks  Socio-economic factors  Social infrastructures  Physical infrastructures 6. Aesthetic factor  Natural factor and visual resources  Visual hierarchy  Skyline, scale and spatial factors 7. Public concentration 8. Present activity pattern 9. Noise source 10. Slums development 11. Air quality 12.seismic zone 13. Flood circulation

Average. Easily adoptable and affordable. Average. Good. Good. Excellent. Uneven. Mainly at morning and evening. Picnic, exercises, worship, recreational zone. Little disturbing. Near to site. Good. ZONE III Prone to flood.

5.29. APPLICABLE BUILDING BYELAWS 5.29. A. Plot Size Building Norms    

Basement/Cellar: Individual residential and small commercial buildings (plot size 500 Sq. Meter) may have one basement. Rainwater harvesting system: Provision of rain water harvesting is mandatory for all plots, which are more than 300 Sq. m in area. Apartment: No apartment building shall be permitted on plots less than 500 Sq. m in size. Semi-detached and Row Housing : The minimum size of the plot on which a unit of a row housing may be allowed shall be 30 sq. m

5.29. B. Ground Coverage Ground coverage means percentage of covered area on the ground floor which is not open to sky excluding the chajja or roof projections up to 0.75 meter width overhang the open space to the total plot area. Building Norms:  

Residential: For construction of building Open space zone and in Environmentally Sensitive Zone. The maximum coverage shall not exceed 40% of the area. Semi-detached and row housing: For row houses the ground coverage shall not be allowed to exceed 60%.

5.29. C. FAR (Floor area Ratio) Sr. No. 1 119

Width of the road (m) Up to 6

FAR for commercial/residential 100

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2 3 4 5 6 7 Source : Vadodara Urban Development Authority

6 or more & less than 9 9 or more & less than 12 12 or more & less than 15 15 or more & less than 18 18 or more & less than 30 30 & above

150 175 200 225 250 275

5.29. D. Height of Buildings (Plot wise Permissible Height of Buildings) Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Source : Vadodara Urban Development Authority

Plot size ( Sq. m) Up to 40 Above 40 & Upto 100 Above 100 & Upto 200 Above 200 & Upto 300 Above 300 & Upto 400 Above 400 & Upto 500 Above 500 & Upto 750 Above 750

Max. height of building permissible 7 10 10 12 12 Less than 15 Less than 15

5.29. E. Road width ď&#x201A;ˇ ď&#x201A;ˇ

In case of Group housing the minimum abutting road width shall 9m for be non-high rise building blocks and must be black topped. Further in case of layouts for Economic Weaker sections the minimum road width may be relaxed to 6.0m meters.

5.29. F. Setbacks Sr. No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 120

Height of buildings ( Sq. Ext. open spaces to be left out on all m) sides - front rear and side in each plot 15 and above up to 18 6 More than 18 & up to 21 7 More than 21 & up to 24 8 More than 24 & up to 27 9 More than 27 & up to 30 10 More than 30 & up to 35 11 More than 35 & up to 40 12 More than 40 & up to 45 13

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9 10 Source : Vadodara Urban Development Authority

More than 45 & up to 55 More than 55

14 16

5.29. G. Parking  

Minimum dimension of a space provided for parking a car shall be 2.5mts x 5.5mts.2. Minimum provision of two accessible car parking space shall be provided for people with disability for every 25 car parking spaces or less. This accessible car parking space shall: A. have a minimum bay width of 3.6mts. B. have a 1.2mts side transfer bay. This can be shared by two successive parking bays. C. be located within 30mts from the main entrance of the building A. have appropriate signage indicating that the space is reserved for wheel chair that are conspicuously displayed.



Minimum dimension of a space provided for parking a two‐wheeler shall be 0.90mts x 2.0mts. Minimum dimension of a space provided for parking a truck shall be 4.0mts. X 8.0mts.



5.29. H. Staircase Tread Width: The minimum width of treads without nosing shall be 0.25 meter for staircase for residential buildings. In the case of other buildings the minimum tread shall be 0.3 meter. Riser Width: The maximum height of riser shall be 0.19 m in the case of residential buildings and 0.15 m in the case of other buildings and shall be limited to 15 risers per flight. Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5

121

Type of Building Residential low rise building Other residential building eg. flats Hostels group housing ,guest houses, etc. Assembly buildings like Auditorium, theatres and cinemas All other buildings including hotels

Width (m) 09 125 125 20 15

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Source : Vadodara Urban Development Authority 5.29. I. Ramp

5.29. I. Fire Escape staircase External stairs shall have straight flight not less than 1250mm wide with 250mm treads and risers not more than 190mm. The number of risers shall be limited to 15 per flight. M5.29. K. Minimum Distance from Water body 1. Minimum clearance of 30mts shall be provided between the boundary of the bank of a river where there is no embankment and any development work or part thereof. 2. Minimum clearances of 15mts to be provided between the embankment of a river and any building or part thereof or any other clearance as may be prescribed under any other general or specific orders of Government and appropriate Authority whichever more is.

5.29. L. Water storage tank 1. For Building with height less than 45mts and building unit area above 750 sq. mtrs. an underground water tank of at least 50,000 litres capacity shall be provided which is accessible for fire fighting vehicles, and may be shared for building use. The covering slab shall be able to withstand the total vehicular load of 45 tons equally divided as a four point load when the slab forms a part of pathway/driveway. 122

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2. For Building with height more than 45mtsâ&#x20AC;? an underground water tank of at least 1, 00,000 (one lakh) litres capacity, exclusive for fireâ&#x20AC;?fighting and accessible for fire fighting vehicles.

6. PROGRAMME FORMULATION 6.1 PROPOSED AREA STATEMENT S. No.

Description

Proposed area (sq. m)

A. Sports facilities

B. Residential colonies

C. Support buildings

D. Recreational facilities

123

1.Multipurpose outdoor stadium (capacity 60,000) 2. Other sports (kabaddi fields, volleyball court, Archery, etc.) Total 47,764 (approx. 12 acres). 4. Athletic stadium(capacity 10,000) 5,608 5. Indoor stadium (capacity 10,000) 5,287 6. Aquatic complex (capacity 9,000) 7,006 7. Tennis complex (capacity 10,500) 6,153 Total sports area 71818 (approx. 18 acres) 1.Villas (Typical Gujarati) 32,368 2. Apartments 8092 Total area 40,460 (9.98 acres i.e. approx. 10 acres) 1. Academic Building 2. Hotels 3. Restaurant 4. Sports Bars 5. Clubhouse Total area 90,613 (22 acres) 1. Parks/Gardens( community park(1500) + children park(100) 2. Amphitheaters(500) 3,250 3. Swimming Pools /water bodies 4. Recreational and sports along river side(2104 -

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m distance) Total area 53,350 (13 acres) 40,460 (approx. 10 acres

E. Manufacturing unit ( Not to be done in thesis, only location specified) F. OPEN SPACES (for parking, roadways, infrastructures facilities, utilities , pool deck area, sitting area and future expansion etc.

Total area 2,52,228.5 (62.5 acres)

Total site area 5,90,841 (146 acres) Source: Vibrant Gujarat 2017 global summit project report.

NOTE: ï&#x201A;·

The area whose area is not defined will be designed according to the capacity and standards, followed by building bye laws.

12% 7%

50%

15%

9% 7% 1. SPORTS FACILITIES 2. RESIDENTIAL 3. SUPPORT BUILDINGS AND OTHER AMENITIES 124

4. RECREATIONAL

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ï&#x201A;·

Residential area distribution

80%

20%

Apartments

125

Villas

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6.2. SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION AND AREA PROGRAMMING 6.2. A. SPORTS FACILITIES

S.No Space Number( . description s) . I. MULTIPURPOS E OUTDOOR STADIUM 1.Playing Field 2.Players and team facilities 3.Entrance foyer 1 4.Team dining 1 5.Pantry 1 6.Player 1 Gymnasium 7.Locker 8.Team seating 2 9.Dressing Room 2 10. Change room 2 11.Physio 2 .Medical Facilities 12. Doctors area 1 13.Dope test + 1 store 14.First Aid room 1 Administrative Area 15.Director cabin 1 16.Secretary 1 17.Public Relation 1 18.Marketing 1 19.Lounge 1 20.Board Room 1 Services Areas 21.Laundry 1 22.Store for 1 ground equip. 23.Light control 1 room 24.Sound control 1 room 25.Electrical 1 control 26.Survillance 1 27.Police control 1 room VIP Facility 126

Unit Area

Total area

160x142

75 150 40 150

38 150 42 12

56 300 84 24

30 20

20 12 12 12 50 50

230

20 50

Remark s

II.

127

28.VIP Entrance Foyer 29.VIP Gallery 30.VIP Lounge 31.Owner’s Lounge 32.Sponsor’s Lounge 33.Pantry /Kitchen 34.Executive Suite 35.Corporate Box Internal authorities 36.Authorities gallery 37.Authorities lounge 38. Pantry 39.Match referee 40.Other referee Media facilities 41.Media gallery 42. Media lounge 43. Media dining 44.Broadcasting 45.Commentry 46.Radio box 47.Press conference room 48.Camers platform General stands and seating 49.General seating 50.Private boxes General stand facilities 51.Food kiosks 52.Medical rooms 53.Ticket counters 54.Parking ATHLETIC STADIUM 1.Playing Track and field 2.Players and team facilities 3.Entrance foyer 4.Team dining

110

2 2 2

150 270 100

300 540 200

150

250

144

230

150

1 1 1

36 10 65

1 1 1 1 2 2 1

300 170 100 225 038 022 125

300 170 100 225 56 44 250

60000 1000

60000 40000

12 04 06

35 30 35

420 120 210

75 150

95 x 180

1 1

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

5.Pantry 6.Player Gymnasium 7.Changing /Locker 8.Team seating 9.Dressing Room 10.Locker & Change room 11.Physio .Medical Facilities 12. Doctors area 13.Dope test + store 14.First Aid room Administrative Area 15.Director cabin 16.Secretary 17.Public Relation 18.Marketing 19.Lounge 20.Board Room Services Areas 21.Laundry 22.Store for ground equip. 23.Light control room 24.Sound control room 25.Electrical control 26.Survillance 27.Police control room VIP Facility 28.VIP Entrance Foyer 29.VIP Gallery 30.VIP Lounge 31.Owner’s Lounge 32.Sponsor’s Lounge 33.Pantry /Kitchen 34.Executive Suite 35.Corporate Box Internal authorities 128

1 1

40 150

2 2 2

38 150 42

56 300 84

1 1

30 20

1 1 1 1 1 1

20 12 12 12 50 50

1 1

230

1 1

20 50

110

2 2 2

150 270 100

300 540 200

150

250

144

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

III.

129

36.Authorities gallery 37.Authorities lounge 38. Pantry 39.Match referee 40.Other referee Media facilities 41.Medical gallery 42. Medical lounge 43. Medical dining 44.Broadcasting 45.Commentry 46.Radio box 47.Press conference room 48.Camers platform General stands and seating 49.General seating 50.Private boxes General stand facilities 51.Food kiosks 52.Medical rooms 53.Ticket counters 54.Parking INDOOR STADIUM 1. Entrance 2. Concourse 3.Ticket 4.Waiting hall 5.Toilets 6.Concessions 7.Plant rooms 8.Staff lounge 9.Athletes lounge 10.First aid room 11.Administrative area 12.Multipurpose hall 13. Media hall Sports hall 14. Velodrome hall

230

150

1 1 1

36 10 65

300

170

100

1 2 2 1

225 038 022 125

225 56 44 250

10000 1000

10000 40000

12 04 06

35 30 35

420 120 210

06 06 06 06 10 01 01 02 02 16 01

75 150 75 90 12 50 200 150 400 30 80

450 900 450 540 120 50 200 300 800 480 80

200

144x71

10224

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

IV.

130

15. Badminton 16. Volleyball 17. Basketball 18. Wrestling 19. Weightlifting 20. Shooting range 21. Boxing 22. Table tennis 23. Judo 24. Gymnastics 25. Carom 26. Chess 27. Snookers 28.Billiards 29. Squash 30. VIPs lounge 31. Result and time control room 32.Dope control room 33. General sitting AQUATIC STADIUM 1.Entrance 2. Ticket 3. Concourse 4. Toilets 5. Concessions 6. Staircase 7. Main competition pool 8.Diving pool 9. Training pool 11. General sitting 15. Competition Changing room 16. Pre swim showers 17. Training Changing room 18. Crèche 19. Café Kitchen 20. Swim tech area 21. Timing control 22. Plant room 23. Chiller plant room

01 01 01 01 01 01

13.4x6.4 28x15 28x15 12x12 4x4 -

85.76 420 420 144 16 -

01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 16

6.1x6.1 2.7x1.5 10x10 52x27 50 50 10x20 20x10 13.7x7.6 120 40

37.21 4.05 100 1404 50 50 200 200 104.12 120 640

10000

02 01 02 06 01 02 01

70 50 60 10 60 12 25x50

140 100 120 60 60 24 1250

01 01 -

25x20 25x50 9000

500 500 -

01 01 01

80 90 40

01 01 01

30 90 80

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

131

24. Athletics lounge 25. Physics and massage room 26. Athletic change room 27. Doping control 28. Athletics final room 29. Divers warm up area 30. Result control 31. Athletes mixed zone 32. Family lounge 33. First aid room 34. Staff lounge TENNIS COMPLEX 1.Centre Court stadium

02 01

30 70

60 70

01 02 02

40 30 50

40 60 100

40.23m x 20.11m

809.02

2. Playing Court 1

3. Playing Court 2 4. Practice Courts 5. Indoor tennis Courts 6. First aid rooms 7. Players lockers and rest area 8. Children Practice courts 9. Staff lounge 10. Retail 11. Concessions 12. Restrooms 13. Guest services 14. Press 15. Support areas 16.Dope control room 17. General sitting

01 06 02 03 02

23.77x10.23(double 243.16 s) 23.77x8.23(single 195.6 10.97x6.0 394.92 23.77x8.23(s) 391.2+486.3 23.73x1023(d) 2 40 120 200 400

6.3x3.3

166.32

02 02 02 02 01 01 01 01

150 60 70 100 120 60 500 50

300 120 140 200 240 60 500 50

10,500

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.2. B. RESIDENTIAL AREAS

S.No. Space description

VILLAS (TYPICAL GUJARATI) 1.Garden outdoor 2. Front Porch 3.Car parking 4.Verandah 5.Drawing room 6.Living room 7.Dinning area 8.Kitchen 9.Store room 10. Guest room 11. Bedrooms(Grandparents) 12. Kids room 13. Bedrooms 14.Toilets 15.Staircase 16. Balconies 17. Rear garden 18. Swimming pool 19. Temple 20.Servant quarters 21. Gymnasium 22.Circulation

132

APARTMENTS 1. Guard room 2. Elevator 3. Staircase 4. Fire escape 5. Gymnasium 6. Indoor play area 7. Meeting hall 8.Toilet(s) 9. Studio apartment flats 10.2 BHK flats 11. 3BHK flats 12. Basement 13. Common garden 14. Basement parking 15. Circulation

Number(s)

Unit Area

Total area

01 01 04 01 01

100 15 15 12 16

01 01 01 01 01 01 02 04 04 01 01 01 01 01 01

80 10 12 10 20 20 30 20 6 10 3 120 40 10 40 10 20%

80 10 12 10 20 20 30 80 24 10 3 120 40 10 40 10

05 1.2 10 08 30 40 150 06 90 120 180 60

05 3.3 10 08 30 40 150

1 3 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1

20%

Remarks

816 sq. m

6.2. C. SUPPORT BUILDINGS S.No. Space description

ACADEMIC BUILDINGS + TRAINING CENTRE 1.Entrance 2. Staircase 3. Waiting hall 4. Toilets 5. Directors Room 6. Staff Cabins 7. Toilet (staff) 8. Reception 9. Accounts Room 10. Conference Hall 12. Pantry 13. Gymnasium 14.First aid room 15. Outdoor sports ground 16. Spots kits store room 17. Circulation HOTELS 1. Security Room 2. Cloakroom 3. Accounts 4. Office 5.Maintenance room 6. Toilet 7. Elevator 8. Ramp 9. Service lift 10. Staircase 11. Fire escape 12.Basement Parking 13. Housekeeping Dept. 14. Electrical room 15. Mechanical room 16. Entry Porch 17. Waiting Lobby 18. Reception 19. Online Reservations 20. Sick room 21. Toilets 22.Manager office 23. Coffee shop 24. Kitchen 25. Store room 26. Washroom 27. Cyber center

133

Number( s)

Area

Total area

1 2 1 3 1 15 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2

15 10 20 06 12 06 06 16 16 200 12 30 08 3000 20 25%

15 20 20 18 12 90 12 16 16 200 24 30 16 3000 40

01 01 01 01 01 02 02

12 16 16 12 12

01 02 01

12 16 16 12 12 06 1.2 Depends on height 4.8 10 08

01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 01 01 01 04 01

60 20 30 15 20 12 12 12 06 12 100 80 20 15 12

2.4

4.8 20 08 60 20 30 30 20 12 12 12 06 24 100 80 20 60 12

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

Remarks

III.

134

28. Conference hall 29. Pantries 30. Single suite 31. Double suites 32. VIPs suites 33. Gymnasium 34. Spa 35. Sauna 36. Message room 37. Showers 38. Swimming pool 39. Helipad 40. Circulation RESTAURANT 1. Entrance 2.Service Entrance 3. VIPs Entrance 4. Lift 5. Staircase 6. Service lift 7. Fire Escape 8. Concourse 9. Waiting hall 10. Staff Lounge 11. Change room 12. Staff dining area 13. Staff rest rooms 14. Washrooms 15.Office 16. Manager room + Washroom 17. Record room 18. Weighting room 19. Fruits storage 20. Milk storage 21. Cold storage 22. Meat storage 23. Crockery storage 24. Vegetable storage 25. Store Room 26.Kitchen 27. Food preparation area 28. Trolley cart area 29. Waste collection area 30. First aid room 31.Vegetable washing area 32. Glass washing area 33. Plate washing area 34. Reception 35. Bar counter 36. Pantry 37. Coffee shop 38. Dining area (common)

01 10 01 01 01 01 04 01

30 10 30 50 60 50 40 40 15 10 50

30 100

50 40 40 15 40 50

30% 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 01 01 01 02 01 02 02 01 01

15 10 10 1.2 10 4.8 08 20 20 10 06 08 24 08 12 16

15 10 10 2.4 20 9.6 16 20 20 10 12 08 48 16 12 16

01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 01

12 16 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 80 30 10 10 08 12 12 12 20 15 10 80 150

12 16 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 80 30 10 10 08 12 12 12 20 15 20 160 150

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

39. Dining area (VIPs) 40. Washroom (male) 41. Washroom (female) 42. Sports hall 43. Outdoor dining area 44. Music and dance area CLUBHOUSE 1. Parking 2. Outdoor garden 3. Entrance 4. Admin suite 5. Outdoor play area 6. Shop area 7. Indoor’ play area 8. Fitness center 9. Crèche 10. Toilet and change room 11. Sports hall 12. Store room 13. Circulation

01 01 01 02 01 01

150 20 20 50 80 50

150 20 20 100 80 50

01 01 02 01 01 01 01 01 01 05 02 01

15 200 20 20 80 100 400 50 80 10 400 30 20%

15 200 40 20 80 100 400 50 80 50 800 30

Number(s)

Area

6.2. D. RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

S.No. Space description

135

PARK 1.Children”s Park(capacity 100)  Entrance  Parking  Staff parking  Guard room  Adventure trail  Buffer plantation  Folly  Science park  Active Play area  Passive Play area  Nature learning area  High play walls  Maze play  Parents waiting area  Kiosks  Open spaces 2. Community Park +walking tracks (1500 )  Entrance  Parking  Staff parking

Total area

.5 acres 04 01 01 04 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01

20 100 50 08 120 300 50 500 800 600 300 400 600 120 50 6 acres

80 100 50 32 120 300 50 500 800 600 300 400 600 120 50

6 01 01

10 500 200

30 500 200

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

Remarks

   

III.

136

Drop-off area Plaza Outer sitting area Inner sitting furniture  Pergolas  Gazebos  Coffee shops  Kiosks  Newsstand slow  Rotating Exhibit  Exterior gathering  Retail spaces  Yoga Spaces  Maintenance shed  Walking track  Pathways  Water Bodies  Picnic area  Play area  Restrooms  Raingarden  Open spaces AMPHITHEATRES 1. Sitting area(500 people) 2. Stage 3.Ramp

06 01 02 01

50 1000 300 200

300 1000 600 200

20 10 01 01 02 01 03 01 02 01 01 03 03 02 10 01 -

10 10 250 120 20 400 400 300 350 50 1200 1000 800 750 1000 30 600 -

200 100 250 120 40 400 1200 300 700 50 1200 1000 2400 2250 2000 300 600

01 02

4. Storage 5.Entrance 6.Parking 7.Koisks RECREATIONAL AND SPORTS ALONG RIVER SIDE +WATER BODIES+ SWIMMING POOLS

01 01 01 Along the river banks(total distance developed is 2104 m along coast)

50 Depends on height 50 400 50

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.3. INTER- RELATIONSHIP PROGRAMME 6.3. A. SPORTS FACILITIES

137

STADIUMS

TENNIS COMPLEX

AQUATIC COMPLEX

138

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.3. B. RESIDENTIAL AREAS

RESIDENTIAL VILLAS

139

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.3. C. SUPPORT BUILDINGS

ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING

140

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

141

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

CLUBHOUSE

142

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.3. D. RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

CHILDRENâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S PARK

143

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

144

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

6.4. PROXIMITY CHART LIST USER OF S SPAC SPECI ES FICA TION SE C U RI TY ST AF FS

1. ENTR ANCE S 2. SERVI CE ENTR Y 3. SECU RITY OFFIC E 4. ADMI NISTR ATIVE BUILD ING 5. MAIN STADI UM 6. ATHL ETIC 145

WO RKI NG STA FFS

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A D M I N. S T A F F S S P O R T S

O W NE RS G R O UP

VI SI T O RS

VI SIT OR S IN TE (G RN EN AT .) IO NA L

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

VIS IT OR S (SP OR TS)

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V RES SER NEI I IDE VIC GH. P NTS ES RES s PR IDE OVI NTS DE R INT O KIT CH ENS

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

NE IG B. CH IL D( S)

TO UR IST S

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PL AY ER S

PR IE ST S

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ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

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STADI UM 7. INDO OR STADI UM 8. TENNI S COMP LEX 9. AQUA TIC

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COMP LEX 10. RESID ENTIA L VILLA 11. APAR TMEN TS 12. HOTE LS 13. CLUB HOUS E 14.RES TAUR ANTS 15. AMPH ITHE ATRE S 16. CHIL DREN’ S PARK 17. COM MUNI TY 146

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ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

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PARK 18. RIVE RSIDE



SPOR TS 19. RIVE RSIDE

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RECR EATI ON 20. OUTD OOR SPOR TS 21. PLAZ AS 22. EXIST ING

HALL 25. WATE R BODI ES 26. SWIM MING 147

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TEMP LE 23. STAFF RESID ENTIA L 24. GYMN ASIU M 25. COM MUNI TY



ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY



POOL S 27. PARK INGS (STAD .) 28. PARK ING (GEN.) 29. PARK ING



 



(RESI DENT S)

148

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY



7. SYNTHESIS 7.1. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY “When we drop a new idea into the world of ocean, a kind of ripple effect is seen which creates a never ending motion.” 7.2. DESIGN CONCEPTS The concept is derived by keeping in mind the aim of the project. Since the aim of the project is to promote sports in society, and this could only be achieved by creating sports environment that helps in raising sports culture in youths. Considering the fact that when a stone is dropped into water body, a never ending motion called “Ripple Effect” is created and whole process is known as wave front in water body. Similarly if we develop a certain zone of city that has rich culture of sports environment. International events takes place frequently. The positive wave will certainly spread and it will force people to move out of their houses and watch it. I think the spirit raises much more if it happens in front of our eyes. But the main problem lies in fact that developing a philosophy and executing it practicality differs. So I came to know about various context related to site, city, sports, society culture etc. and found concentricity is somehow dominat in that region. It also symbolize the waves formed in water. So creating sports complex in circular and its connectivity with other amenities is aesthetically appealing. The residential colonies are designed in such a way that every individual houses has a sports ground in front of it, where they can watch their children’s playing. The central community park lies as a common connecting point where society would meet with their role models. 8. TRANSLATION 8.1. Site Plan

149

9. CONCLUSION The conclusion thus observed is that if this project is implemented on site , it would be really very helpful in creating an environment of sports zone. 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Design guidelines for a sustainable community 2. Technical manual on Olympic village. 3. The Future of the Sports Fan 4. Female friendly infrastructure guide (/publications-and-resources/female friendly-sport infrastructure guidelines) 5. Sports in the city

150

ALOK KARAN / BA/15020/14 / BIT PATNA /SPORTS CITY

151