Process Journal Design Research Methods by alopezdesigns

Process Journal Design Research Methods ﾃ］gel Lﾃｳpez | Business Team | Fall 2014

Contents Defining the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Ethnographic Strategies . . . . . . . . . . .11

Iterative Design Strategies . . . . . . . . . 27

Personal Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Open House at REI . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Personas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Early Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Utilizing Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5-Box Scenerios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Preliminary Observation . . . . . . . . . . 5

Recruitment Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Solution Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 34

Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Stakeholder Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Touchpoint Scenerio . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Design Briefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Sensitizing Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Service Blue Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Defining the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Ecosystem Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Interviews 21

Final Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Screening Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Design Experience Ecosystem . . . . . . . 38

Key Expert Findings . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Reflection Summary . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Key One-On-One Interview Findings . . 24

Appendices 41 Research Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Colophon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Defining the Problem

Personal Research Basic Information Name Ángel López Degree Concentration Communication Design Email Address Lopez34@gmail.com Phone Number 303.501.2501 Preferred Method of Communication Email Preferred Method of File Sharing Google drive or Dropbox Availability Outside of Class of Meetings Weekends

Team Experience What types of teams have you been a member of? I played a lot of sports growing up and I appreciated them because they were competitive. Work environments have them too, but they end up being independant as well. Were they positive or negative experiences? They were usually positive when I worked with people that had better skills or abilities because I was eager to learn from them. It was harder to work with people that did not try or have the skill level. What is required to make a successful team? A collaborative effort as well as strong communication. Accountability is another approach, as long as it doen’t start arguments amongst team members. What is difficult about being part of a team? Team members arguing, lack of leadership, and having to change work ethics to accomdate team members working approach.

Skill Level 4

Demonstrates reliability

Communicates constructively

Listens actively

Functions as an active participant

Shares openly and willingly

Cooperates and pitches in to help

Exhibits flexibility

Shows commitment to the team

Works as a problem-solver

Treats others in a respectful manner

Creative type that generates ideas

Extrovert with good people skills

Dynamic individual who thrives on the pressure

Person who successfully evaluates the usefulness of ideas

Cooperative team player

One with specialist skills/experience Skilled in Adobe Applications

One who turns ideas into solutions

Person who gets issues completed Person who keeps the team together

What are the benefits of being part of a team? Meeting new people, learning from team members talents, and creating a new experience.

Excels in information gathering Excels in exploring feelings Excels in being cautious Excels in expressing the benefits

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Excels in creativity

Excels in managing the thinking

Early Definitions

Preliminary Observation

Humanity Growing population in Denver, CO is creating transportation challenges.

Community The main community is downtown Denver as most driving commuters come into the city.

Oversight of new growing cyclist community by people who drive.

Secondary communities are the surrounding cities near Denver.

Changing wayfinding for the cycling community in urban neighberhoods.

Small commuties are also connected that typically have local shops.

Wellness Cycling is a simple way to initiate a healthier lifestyle independantly or with a family.

Policies/Law Medians and bike specific light signals have contributed to better traffic flow and safety.

Different events in the community that support advanced level of cycling.

Street markings specific to cyclists contribute to a supportive community.

New wayfindings by local cities help direct cyclist on their commute or workouts.

Bike usage is prohibited within 16th Street Mall area during the week.

Environment Colorado has 300 days of sunshine a year providing the opportunity for more cycling.

Business Bike rentals through out the city have helped engage non cyclists to use bikes.

The weather in Colorado can also change dramatically through out the day and may require extra equipment for safety.

Local events through out the year help celebrate a cycling lifestyle. Business shops collaborate to host events.

Commuting may take longer where hills exist compared to flat areas in Colorado.

More bike shops are relatively close to the Denver metro area.

After understanding the current assignment, the initiative was to understand the problem and that was conceived by observation. The most obvious subject that was noted was the lack of bike parking infrastructe near business shops. Through out the city there are a number of areas with infrastructe for cylcists to park. The challenge is that some people park their bike onto medians, rails, and trees in front of their visiting location. The objective will be to analyze the problem and create a positive solution without creating more problems for the community.

Business Team |

Snapshot

Detail ex: area with no bike parking infrastructure.

Supportive and non supportive businesses regarding the cycling community.

Current Businesses engaging the public with cycling.

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Current challenges with bike parking in the city.

Detail ex: bike blocking car passenger door.

Design Briefs Individual Design Brief Title A Design Brief for Business Shop Infrastructure Management Stakeholder A. Business and shops B. Cyclists C. City Government Context A. Infrastructure - Business shop property - City property Problem ID Lack of accomodating infrastructure for cyclists at business shops. Therefore, police give out fines for parking bikes incorrectly. In addition, cyclists are pushed away by security or police by business shop property.Secondly, there is a lack of awareness regarding the growing cycling community and the change in demographics. Objective Create beneficial solutions to present to business shops that creates an inviting atmosphere for cyclists. As well as reflect the changing demographics and growth increase in the cycling community. Positioning and Communicating Strategy Gain awareness of cultural changes; adapt to changes as well as create interviews.

Audience The audience for this project is 18 to 55 cyclists regardless of gender. The ongoing pschographics concern is safety and business engagement. Lastly, the geographics of the project involve Denver and surrounding cities as well as businesses lacking infrastructre for parking. Constraints and Pragmatic Issues Money and time are the biggest contraints. Cultural awareness of changing communities is a necessity. Possibly street closing and pakring closures can be a challenge. There is also the competition of parking for people who drive. Group Design Brief Team Members Jack Tolmachoff, ﾃ］gel Lﾃｳpez, Sean Brown, Adria Marino, Mohammed Aljanahi Team Name Sprocket Rocket Title The interactions of the cycling community in regards to business shop infrastructure management. Stakeholders City goverment: legislators, DMV, and other government buildings Business shops: pubs, bars, restaurants, universities, theaters Cyclists: daily commuters, hobbists

Context We live in a very bike friendly community. There is more infrastructures for bikes than there ever has been before. However, many businesses are forgoing the opportunity to access this community by not having simple things like bike racks. If businesses where to become more involved and friendly toward the bike community, they may benefit greatly. Problem identification There is a lack of awareness, lack of interest, including an abscence of dialogue. There is a concern with road and pedestrain safety. There is a concern with bike fines as well as business shops losing potential cycling clients. Objectives Provide a cultural awareness on lifestyle and behaviors. Increase bicycle stands near shops. Express quantified benefits on a corporate level. Audience People between 18 to 50 that are concerned with safety and health as well as business interactions. Positioning and Communication Strategy Visual presentations reflecting surveys, focused groups, and expert interviews. Constraints and Pragmatic Issues Money is the main concern, getting people started, as well as parking closures and changing city laws.

Business Team |

Defining the Problem The problem at hand is a necessity that is requires a strategic approach. The issue is not overt as people who bike make their own accomedations, from an observation point, to park their bikes. Parking bikes at medians, trees, or rails pose new problems for others that utilize the structures. For example, rails are often used by elderly or people with disabilities for support. Bikes locked to rails would make a new problem for this reason. Another example is reflected in the images to the left. The use of parking bikes at medians creates another hassle for people who drive and their passengers. Parking spaces are a tight fit in urban areas and bikes locked to medians on sidewalks make another conflict. Not to mention, tight sidewalks also make it challenging for pedestrains to walk by and can be a safety concern where there is heavy foot traffic.

Bike haning on balcony rails.

Bike locked to a median blocking car and pedestrian interaction.

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Bike locked to median with no infrastructure bike infrastructure in sight.

Creating visible infrastructures near places creates an opportunity for cyclists to place their bikes in one place instead of creating new problems. The structures can also be in visible areas so it address safety and community awareness. The infrastructures do not have to be large or take up to much space. New creative ideas can be made to quickly alert cyclists of the structure as well as a simple design to make parking a bike a lot easier.

Ecosystem Map Below is a map indicating the current problem with bike parking and a possible infrastructure solution near places.

Business Shops

Concentration on Customer Base

–

The symbol reflects the team’s anticipation of how the cycling community will react to new infrastuctures.

–

The symbol reflects how non cyclist will react to the new infrastructure implementation.

Amount of Infrastructres Cycles and non cyclists

Business Team |

Ethnographic Strategies

Open House at REI During the earlier part of the research, team members had the opportunity to experience an open house by Public Works Bicycling. The experience helped seem the base of the research with class. It was really motivating to know a class project is similarly used by city planners and the concern is mutual. It was also encouraging to see the large visual presentations the city planners had available for community members to acknowledge and understand. Despite having strong visuals, it was also helpful to notice Public Works members at each station ready to discuss or resolve any confusion of the bicycling initiatives. The open house was not about suggesting or telling community members of the ongoing changes, it was an opportunity for community members to voice the changes they would like to see happened. Community member votes helped decipher the urgent needs in terms of cycling as well as provided insight for current issues that city planners took notice.

Utilizing Protocol In gains of approaching the issue correctly, the constructed a document that took proper protocol to start a research initiative. The document is located in the Appendices section and at a glance on the right.

102.09 Request for Review

Metropolitan State University of Denver Institutional Review Board Request for Review of Research Involving Human Participants Study and Investigator Information Submission Date Is this a:

(Select one)

September 23, 2014

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Request for Initial Review?

Yes

Request for Continuing Review? If yes, please find additional instructions at the end of this document.

Request for Review of Protocol Modification? If yes, please find additional instructions at the end of this document.

Project Title

Creating infrastructure opportunities

kPrimary Investigator Name

JP PellicciaroAmy Findeiss

Note: The MSU Denver IRB only approves protocols listing either faculty or staff as the PI. The MSU Denver IRB does not review protocols with students listed as the PI.

PI Institution or Metropolitan State University of Denver Affiliation PI Department Art-‐ Communication + Design PI Email What will the results of the study be used for? Publication?

Presentation? Improving an existing program? Developing a new program? MSU Denver class presentation? Other? (if other, please explain)

jpellicc@msudenver.edafindeiss@msud

enver.edu

PI phone

303.556.3140

MSU Denver class will present information to their peers about the gains of improving the infrastructure at local businesses for the cycling community. The information can also be made available for public resource via digital and print publication.MSUD class presentation and participation in Undergraduate Research Conference. The design outcome could help improve cyclist safety in the Denver community, in which we would create a program or public resource.

Is this study No. grant funded? If yes, provide the name of the funding agency. Include

RfR# (office use only)

Recruitment Plan Sprocket Rocket | Recruitment Tracking Name

Participant Type

Point of Contact Date Contacted

Phone/sms/ email/in-person

Interview Date and Time

Interview Status: Consent Form Conducted/ Canceled/ Rescheduled

An interactive pdf form was created as a tool for collaborative team recruitment. Business Team |

Stakeholder Maps Businesses

Bars Universities Theaters

Government Legislators Driver Moter Vehicle Government Buildings Cyclists

Hobbists Commuters

Record the following at the beginning of the interview on audio or video recorder: Location of the interview date and time of the interview name of the interviewee Set Up: Set up video camera with the subject looking at the interviewer not at the camera. Make sure that camera is at eye level. Check if the recorder is working properly. Make sure you have the necissary questions to ask.

Sensitizing Toolkit The following documents are tools constructed to help organize and conduct the teamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research: Checklist Consent Form Example Script Engaging toolkit

Understand the culture of the person you are interviewing. Begin: Explain what will happen durring the interview Tell the interviewee what the recording equipment is for. Ensure you have an informal conversation. Relax and keep it informal. Ask open questions one at a time to encourage insightful information Wait an appropriate amount of time to fill in the awkward pauses Allow interviewee time to respond. Be felxible with questions Allow the interviewee to talk, if they go off the point draw them back Respect views of the intervewee Allow pauses to make easy audio edits.

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Consent Form: Cyclist Interviewee The purpose of the research project is to identify benefits that businesses can earn from involvement in cycling. Our hypothesis is that businesses can expect substantial financial gain with the implementation of infrastrastructure and involvement in the cycling community. Questions being asked in research are centered around involvement, costs associated with infrastructure, and possible benefits. First name: Last name: Are you over the age of 18 years old ? • • • • • • • • • •

Yes

Interviewee 1 using toolkit.

You will be asked 10-15 Questions. Five student researchers and the principal investigator will be present during the interview. Only researchers who have approved by the IRB will be allowed to participate in the interview. The primary investigator will moderate the interview to ensure all questions are on the study instrument and only appropriate follow-up questions will be asked that address the study’s aims and do not fall beyond the scope of the study. All researchers will avoid questions that do not contribute to the stated study aims and questions that may be damaging to the participant’s employment, reputation, or standing in the cycling community. The participant/s will be asked a series of questions about their past and present experiences relative to the way in which they experience or think about urban cycling and parking in Downtown Denver, parking laws and policy, future urban infrastructure related to cycling trends and behaviors. Sample questions are as follows: “what is your influence in the cycling community, and what do you see as challenges for commuter cyclists in Downtown Denver?” The responses will be audio recorded. All researchers will also take notes during the interview. All researchers will use a code or pseudonym (e.g. Expert #1, #2, etc.) to protect the identity of the subject if requested on their notes, rather than the subject’s name. We will use the recordings to transcribe our interviews for accuracy. This interview will take 45- 60 minutes.

Have you understood the interview and do you give consent?

Yes

Interviewee 2 using toolkit.

Notes:

Interviewer Contact Information:

Name and Signature

Date of Consent - DD/MM/YEAR

Business Team |

Recruting Scripts: Verbal + Email Sprocket Rocket Team Members: Angel Lopez, Adria Marino, Mohammed Aljanahi, Jack Tolmachoff, Sean Brown.

Expert Inclass Interview

Business One-on-One Interview

Hello, my name is _______________. I am a student at Metropolitan State University of Denver in the Communication Design Department. I am conducting research on bicycle commuting, Bicycle stands and the Convience of Bicycling in Downtwon Denver. I am inviting you to participate because you ______________________________________fit our research criteria for an expert interview subject: you are an avid cyclists with influence regarding policy and infrastructure in Denver; you have an active role(s) and influence in the Denver cycling community; and you are 18 years of age or older.

Participation in this research includes an interview composed of 10-15 questions, which will take approximately 45 to 90 minutes of your time once. Participation in the research study is entirely voluntary and you may stop participating at any time and for any reason.

If you have any questions or would like to participate in the research, I can be reached at _______________@msudenver.edu.

Cyclist One-on-One Interview Hello, my name is _______________. I am a student at Metropolitan State University of Denver in the Communication Design Department. I am conducting research on bicycle commuting, Bicycle stands and the Convience of Bicycling in Downtwon Denver. I am inviting you to participate because you ______________________________________fit our research criteria for an expert interview subject: you are an avid cyclists with influence regarding policy and infrastructure in Denver; you have an active role(s) and influence in the Denver cycling community; and you are 18 years of age or older. Participation in this research includes an interview composed of 10-15 questions, which will take approximately 45 to 90 minutes of your time once. Participation in the research study is entirely voluntary and you may stop participating at any time and for any reason. If you have any questions or would like to participate in the research, I can be reached at _______________@msudenver.edu.

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Bicycle Parking (Toolkit) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Sprocket Rocket â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Section A The images are of possible locations that a bike would need to be parked. Please circle areas in the images where a bike can be most effectively parked.

Comment box

Business Team |

Bicycle Parking (Toolkit) — Sprocket Rocket — Section B Where do you feel comfortable locking up your Bicycle? If you have any comments please fill it out in the empty box.

Comment box

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Bicycle Parking (Toolkit) — Sprocket Rocket — Section C Bicycle Parking

Trace your commute and recreation routes on this map. Place a highlighted circle around the area where you park your bicycle.

EAST 28TH AVE

EAST 27TH AVE

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EAST 21ST AVE

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Business Team |

Interviews

Screening Criteria

Key Expert Findings

Expert Avid Cyclist who understands policy and cycling infrastructure in Denver. Active role and influence in the Denver cycling community. Bikes at least once a week. Is 18 years of age or older.

Rachel Bronson Associate City Planner Public Works, City & County of Denver Below are responses related to the interview.

Survey Willing to answer 10-15 questions. Bikes at least once a week. Is 18 years of age or older. One-on-One Bikes at least once a week. Age 18 or older. Final Interviewiees 4 expert interviews 10 total team interviews 2 personal one-on-one interviews

City does not purchase bike racks. Money is allocated for next year, a few hundred racks worth. Challenge is strategically placing. Spread the wealth around the whole city, which makes a few hundred much less substantial. Developing demand models to see where it is needed the most. First priority is placement. Fulfill demand all over the city. Tools for bike parking standard U rack, bike corrals (two new on old south pearl, paid for by old south pearl(good for limited sidewalk space, problems with snow and maintenance because we live on hoth, have to drive the silly snowplow, maintenance burden is on the business owner.)) “Biggest issue with commute is at intersections with turning vehicles. Signals don’t support bikes very well. Culturally, beyond infrastructure, cars don’t like bikes. Right of way challenges. Dropping bike lane 100 feet before an intersection causes conflicts because the two have to compete. Bikes can be jerks too. Goal is to create less sharrows and more bike lanes. Only 3% of people rides bikes because it “sucks out there”. We want Low stress network, protected bike lanes, etc.

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Dropping bike lane 100 feet before an intersection causes conflicts because the two have to compete. Bikes can be jerks too. Goal is to create less sharrows and more bike lanes. Only 3% of people rides bikes because it “sucks out there”. We want Low stress network, protected bike lanes, etc. “We’re trying to be consistent by using green paint on pavement on enhanced infrastructure. 18th and 15th. Anything not considered enhanced just gets white paint. Adding infrastructure is challenging. Green paint looks chipped after winter. Much less pretty. Learning from the Netherlands even though Bob is a poop head. Feds mandated green, and community adopted it. No standard pantone for green, just “green.” It is currently a part of the zoning code to have infrastructure to hold and support bikes. The problem is retrofitting to businesses that have been established since before this code was implemented. Challenge is that this only applies to new developments. Her organization has some money and is trying to retrofit to get infrastructure in places where it is necessary. Yes there is a movement to create unified signage for things like bike lanes. Slowly putting in signs along historical bike routes. Yes we have a budget, emily can speak about it mroe. Specific bike money in Denver. Money isn’t an issue so much as staff time. Limited to an extent, but we have a lot of flexibility.

Need more education. Bike denver just got big grant to implement education. Events where they give out cliff bars and stuff are useful, but needs to happen more often. Safe routes schools grant. 5 denver schools get grants for having people come in and talk about bike safety. We want to do more of this, but as of yet we haven’t. We could do more. Portland does this thing where they teach kids how to ride their bikes safely, planting the seed young. Kate Bonomo Communications Specialist Bicycle Colorado I ride my bike, I’m a seasoned commuter. Im lucky enough to live a mile and a half outside of my work. I have never been nervous about people stealing parts off of my bike or safety of it when I lock it up. RTD has bike boxes so you can rent a secure place for it. Its a percieved safety issue, rather than something that will actually happen every single time. Some campuses require U locks. I got a job with a transportation administration company. they advocate transportation that isn’t cars. Liked biking, decided to become involved. I love efficiency and bikes are super efficient. Dont waste resources, get exercise, makes me happy. The biggest obstacle is finding the right venue to get people to pay attention. Trying to meet people where they are and make it capture their attention.

All businesses. I have never not been able to park, but I often lock my bike to trees or parking meters. Bicycle colorado is thinking about printing up business cards to give to people that say “thanks for having bike racks” or “fuck off for not having bike racks”. Cyclists tend to spend 25 dollars more accord to a “study.” Challenge is how people choose to use infrastructure. As soon as i get close to downtown, there is all kinds of shit in the bike lane, forcing me to weave into lanes of traffic. Education around how to use infrastructure is super useful. On 15th people park in the bike lane a lot.

Emily Snyder Pedestrian/Bicycle Project Manager Public Works, City & County of Denver The dialogue between our class and Emily Snyder was very engaging because it was a way to summarize the Open House event she facilitated regarding street improvements in downtown Denver. It was also engaging because it was a dialogue to understand what city planners are planning and intending to do in the near future. Within their intentions we were able to understand their challenges within the cycling and non cycling community. In addition, it was helpful to get quick turnaround responses to our concerns as common people who cycle and drive.

Teach kids when they are young and impressionable, but also aim towards adults so they can learn toooo. Include more than 2 bike questions on driving tests. Huge safety issue. Bicycle colorado is using facebook and twitter, but that only gets people that are already interested. Try to get in the news as much as possible. Denver has had people out in bike lane volunteering and teaching people about the new infrastructure. Its hard to know where to find people. In SC they made video of cyclists in cardboard car shaped box to demonstrate that they are also vulnerable. We have a pamplet that might be too much, people probably dont read it. need something with smaller tidbits of info to hold peoples attention. We have a presentation with a fleet of bikes that shows up at schools to have kids learn how to do it safely. We are telling them to ride on the streets, and therefore we have to teach them to do it safely.

Business Team |

Key One-On-One Interview Findings

Survey Q’s 1.

Do you own a bicycle? How often do you ride it? Yes. I ride it during the weekends and typically during the summer.

Are there any businesses you bike to frequently? If so, what businesses specifically? I usually go to a bar or restaurant in Denver and Lakewood. Something usually closer to my house or along the trail I am on.

When you choose a place to park your bike, what factors cause you to feel concerned for the safety of your bike? My concern is the visibility of my bike. If there is a lot of foot traffic that is good enough for me. I don’t have to necessarily see it. I just don’t want my bike to get stolen. I won’t park my bike in an alley or in back of a restaurant.

Does this business do any thing to make you comfortable to take your bike to it? They are not really ever concerned unless I bring my bike inside their business. Then they suggest places to lock my bike. If there is no place, they get a little annoyed about having my bike inside their business and then suggest to lock it outside. Does not always happen though.

What businesses would you consider riding your bike to if they catered more to the bike community? Grocery stores, but they already do a good job catering to the cyclist community. That is a hard question.

What businesses do you feel would best benefit accommodating and supporting the bike community? Businesses… that is hard. Outdoor malls seem to be better. Maybe areas seem to be better… I don’t know. Bars? Restaurants? Maybe more shops in town. Nothing specific comes to mind.

Have you witnessed businesses that have had their business increase by supporting bicyclist communities? Well, not specific businesses, but neighborhoods like the highlands area. Small communities seem to be well accommodating for the cyclist community.

My first interview was with participant Max. In my interaction with the interviewee. I felt he was not the most pationate about cycling, but he did have an interest in the subject. He seemed interested to get involved into the lifestyle, but finds theft to be a problem as well as distance in his commute.

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Do you know anyone who owns a bike, but doesn’t ride it frequently due to minimal support through lack of infrastructure? Yes, but it is usually because the commute is faster in a car. The bike is more of a leisure activity. When they do go out on their bike, they will usually consider the neighborhood bike friendly as opposed to a community with higher possibility of theft.

Survey Q’s 1.

Do you own a bicycle? How often do you ride it? Yes. I usually ride my bike often, mainly during warmer days.

Are there any businesses you bike to frequently? If so, what businesses specifically? Bars… usually. And my work. If not, I drive. It is faster. Specifically? I don’t have a place. I usually go to a place along my commute or ride.

When you choose a place to park your bike, what factors cause you to feel concerned for the safety of your bike? I am worried about my bike getting stolen no matter where I ride. So I am interested in places that are bike friendly and I can see my bike from the inside of the business.

Does this business do any thing to make you comfortable to take your bike to it? Usually bike friendly places have accommodating parking areas for my bike, but if they don’t, I just lock it up at a near pole. I usually don’t like to bring my bike inside a business, so don’t really have an issue or sense of comfort with the business.

What businesses would you consider riding your bike to if they catered more to the bike community? I would say the gym. I go to small gyms in downtown and they don’t really have a place to lock your bike. Another place would be 16th street mall (in downtown Denver). There are places to lock up your bike on the northbound and southbound main streets, but not on the actual street.

What businesses do you feel would best benefit accommodating and supporting the bike community? How about banks? Maybe autopartts stores? Or maybe not, I don’t see that actually. Because the parts you buy are so big or you usually have a second car if your fixing the first one.

Have you witnessed businesses that have had their business increase by supporting bicyclist communities? I think the small restaurants and business in downtown as well as surrounding areas of Denver have all benefited. Everywhere you go, there are people on their bikes.

Do you know anyone who owns a bike, but doesn’t ride it frequently due to minimal support through lack of infrastructure? My girlfriend. She wouldn’t know where to park her bike because of the constant worry about theft. She usually only rides with me because I am aware about bike laws and know safe areas.

My next interview was with participant Antonio. A really estatic individual concerning a healthly lifestyle especially with the use of a bicycle. He doesn’t have a concern about parking sense he has managed, but does see the opportunity it will create for the cycling community. Very engaging and interested. Bother interviews provided an an opportunity to hear the concern of the public in regards to a trending issue. What was more exciting was the participants enthusiam towards the subject matter.

Business Team |

Iterative Design Strategies

Personas After the team’s interview process, we were able to organize and analyze the information the team obtained. We came across four main personas that aided our process and identified characteristics that were related to the team’s research: infrastructe issues, commuting locations, motivations, and goals.

Larry

Possible Commuter

Infastructure Issues Scared of biking in traffic, worried about locking his bike outside, doesn’t want to spend money on an expensive U-lock. Commuting Locations Larry almost never commutes. He might not own a bike, or he might have one that is covered in dust in his garage. He might take it out for a weekend cruise on occasion, but rarely to businesses.

Motivations Larry is motivated by fear and convenience. He is worried that if he takes his bike out and locks it up, it might get stolen and the $40 he spent on a bike 5 years ago would be wasted. He is worried about people stealing parts off of it, because he doesn’t want to have to replace them. He is worried that biking will take too much of the time he would rather spend on other things, so he just drives instead. He is concerned for the environment, but convenience takes precedent. Goals Larry’s main goal is to save time and money. If he were to bike he would want it to be easy and secure. Locking up his bike would be important to protect his investment, and to make sure he doesn’t get stuck somewhere if his bike gets stolen. Larry is also trying to spend money, and having a business where it is easy and safe to secure his bike could be motivation for him to go there.

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Infrastructre Interest - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Knowledgeable - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Safety Concern - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Commuting Amount - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Mike

Occasional Commuter

Infastructure Issues Many of the places he goes have poor infrastructure, but he bikes to them anyway, occassionally taking risks by locking up his bike, or walking a block or more from where he left his bike to his destination. Commuting Locations Occasionally to work, but mostly just to businesses. There might be one place he frequents on a bike, a bar or perhaps the gym.

Motivations Mike has a bicycle that may not be as expensive or important to him as Fred’s, but he still cares about it and doesn’t want it to get stolen or damaged. He uses his bike in places where is is otherwise inconvenient to drive, in order to avoid traffic jams or, drunk driving if he is on a trip to a bar late at night. He might select a business based on whether or not they have adequate bike parking. Mike values convenience and safety. Goals Mikes goals are typically utilitarian. He respects that biking is good for the environment, but only really does it when its easier than driving, or will keep him from having to drive drunk. Mike is trying to spend money, but sometimes his money only goes to places where he feels good about parking his bike.

Infrastructre Interest - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Knowledgeable - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Safety Concern - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Commuting Amount - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Business Team |

Fred

Daily Commuter

Infastructure Issues Many of the places he goes have poor infrastructure, but he bikes to them anyway, occassionally taking risks by locking up his bike, or walking a block or more from where he left his bike to his destination. Commuting Locations To work on a daily basis, as well as the majority of his errands throughout the week.

Motivations Fred is motivated to bike because it helps him stay active, it’s more cost effective than driving, and it is good for the environment. Therefore he values health, saving money, and living a “green” lifestyle. He might have a very expensive bike, and it is important to him to keep it safe. Goals Freds goals are to use his bike as much as possible, as well as avoid using a car. He might not own a car, and the bike is his only way to travel. However, he still needs to work and visit businesses and spend money.

Infrastructre Interest - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Knowledgeable - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Safety Concern - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Commuting Amount - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

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Bob

Business Owner

Infastructure Issues Infrastructure is expensive, and that comes out of his pocket and that is the bottom line. “Isn’t that the city’s problem anyway?” Commuting Locations Bob is a daily driving commuter. He does not find the need to commute through other means.

Motivations Bob is primarlily motivated by money. He wants his business to flourish. Bob might like biking, or might even be a Mike or Larry in his own time, but his business doesn’t do much to support bikers. If he were to add bike racks, he would be concerned with conservation of space, conservation of money, the governments role in bike infrastructure, ease of use and instalation, and fiscal return on his investment. Goals Bob’s goals are to increase business. Larger customer base, larger sales per customer, and larger profits in the long run. Environment conservation may be a goal, but it is second to having a profitable business.

Infrastructre Interest - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Knowledgeable - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Safety Concern - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Commuting Amount - –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– +

Business Team |

5-Box Scenerios

Bob

“Most of my customers are walking or driving to my business. Why should I worry about bike parking?”

problem as experience by persona

persona encountering solution

persona using solution

Scenerio Description Bob has a business shop that sometimes is challenging for customers with bikes to feel welcome because of the lack of parking structure outside of the shop. Because of the lack of infrastructures nearby, people bring in their bikes. Bob then has to ask customers to move their bikes outside so the customer’s bike does not get in the way of other customers and his business. He mentions he has cameras if they are really concerned or there are some other nearby structures that customers can utilze to park their bikes, but not inside his shop.

physical product

digital service

wearable product

spatial environment

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persona’s response to the solution

Fred

â&#x20AC;&#x153;My bike is really convinient to use. I prefer to take it everywhere.â&#x20AC;?

problem as experience by persona

persona encountering solution

persona using solution

Scenerio Description Fred is always using his bike to commute, but parking is can be a challenge. He sometimes needs to use medians, trees, or rails to lock his bike. Therefore, an alternative approach would be to implament a bike corral that would be the space of a car. He does mind pay cents to a dollar for the safety of his bike if it will be safer for his bike. An idea would be to use a framed structure that would be similar to his bike that uses current technologies to lock the bike such as apps, finger print recognition, or simply a key.

physical product

digital service

personaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s response to the solution

wearable product

spatial environment Business Team |

4 Manually locking door

3 2

Community with new infrastructure solution

Person who cycles

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Person locking bike in structure

Mobile device engagement

Solution Configuration

Touchpoint Scenerio

Using the 5-box scenerio, team members collaborated to compress the ideas into the best solution. The main driving force behind the solution was to create a product that addressed the safety of people who cycle. Therefore, the team created a structure like that is similar to an octagon that can host bike parking. There are infrastructures that are existent, but the difference is that it is a sealed compartment for bikes that protects from weather and theft. The compartment structure is similar to a locker that contains a combination lock or a locking device that can be operated through an application on a personal smartphone.

The above rendered sketches are examples of touchpoints that reflect the user activity and engagement with the team solution. The narrative that the touchpoints exhibit is a person who cycles is looking for a place to park their bicycle and spot the blue octagon structure. The owner of the bicyle proceeds to place the bicycle in the compartment without any struggle. The sketch shows the compartment can be used by anyone as well. The next couple of sketches illustrate the two methods the locking service can be used, by a manual combination lock or the app on a mobile device.

Service Blue Print The table below reflects a Service Blue Print that contains a detailed process of user engagement with the teamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s solution.

Table: Service Blue Print Physical Product

In need of finding a bike rack

See a sign on Octo-lock bike cage

Cage protects against all weather occurances

Cage works with all locks including the new wifi enabled Octolock

Application that unlocks the Octo-lock

User Action

Need to go somewhere and decide a place with a bike cage

Use app to find an Octolock cage

Bike to area with Octolock cage

Put bike in comparment and lock it

Head to visiting location to return to retrive bike

Business Shop Owner Actions

Frustrated with people who ride bikes

Learns Octolock bike rack increases sales by 60%

Purchase an Octo-lock bike rack to place near shop

Customers are happy and sales increase immediately

Backstage Actions

See a sign on a bike rack informing of the new Octolock bike cage

Increased use of Octo-lock bike cage

Business shop owners buy Octo-lock bike and see 60% sales increase

Employee of Octo-lock informs business owners of the new bike cage

Business shop owners buy bike cage and both parties are happy Business Team |

Final Presentation

Design Experience Ecosystem

The symbol reflects the team’s anticipation of how the cycling community will react to new infrastuctures. The symbol reflects how non cyclist will react to the new infrastructure implementation.

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The model previously presented continous to serve as a strong purpose. During the team’s interview process, we were able to find out the enthusiasm participants had in regards to the subject matter. In addition people did not know how to address an issue of infrastructure convinience. With Colorado, more specifically the Denver community, being supportive to the bike community, the design solution provides a model that will contribute to people who bike and do not bike alike. With new visible structures insight, regardless the type of commuter people maybe, it will grab people’s attentiona and will self-encourage people to engage with new community solutions related to biking.

Reflection Summary

Signage prohibiting bike parking in the area.

Infrastructure successfully being used.

After a long period of investigation and team building it was collaborative effort that provided the opportunity to touch multiple angles regarding an relevant community issue. Therefore, this experience provided an opportunity to understand how relevant design research is needed.

In addtion to other flawless, I would like to work on networking and public engagement. It seems as the older I get and more into art and design that I have become more of an introvert than extrovert. Ten years ago I could have gotten more interviews and public engagement.

More specifically, design research is constructed of a hybrid between design and sociology. Much of it can be reflective through the qualitative and quantitative approach to research. I was really engaged when the lectures and practices were discussing ethnographic approaches to research because it was about understanding peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s decisions to do what they do. It was about taking peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s daily decisions and understanding their process. The interview was a good opportunity to highlight that a similar practice.

Despite some work ethics and techniques, I have learned a new approach to research. More specifically about proper procedures. In addition, the concept that everything matters in research. From being a fly-in-thewall to participant observation. It all matters and I often dismissed that from my own research methods.

The stongest parts of the process was organizing and sketching. I can quickly visuals the task at hand as well as group and categorize items through out the research. Though the challenging part was working with a team. i appreciate my team and the new bond we have, but I am really customed to working independantly. Skill levels are different as well as time management. I am the worse at time management, because I will reprioritize responsibiliities last minute and that cannot be done in a team.

In the future, I look forward to combat community issues utilizing the same techniques as reflected in the design process. As for my personal work, it may be to dense of an approach, but will hold a great opportunity to use in group and public settings when necessary.

Business Team |

Appendices

Research Protocol

Colophon

Below is a list of documents included inside the PDF. The documents can be located by clicking on each document name or by using the paper clip icon on the left bar of the Acrobat user interface.

This document was created using Adobe Garamound Pro and Frutiger Typeface. The theme is a watercolor texture symbolic of the fluid and dynamic form of water. Since water can take form, design solutions are similar as the solutions are to adapt and change. In addition, the design layout was created by Ángel López.

Request for Review Updated ‘Description of Study’ Recruitment Script: Expert Interview Recruitment Script: Participant Type 1 Recruitment Script: Participant Type 2 Consent Form: Expert Interview Consent Form: Participant Type 1 Consent Form: Participant Type 2 Interview Questions: Expert Interview for Policy and Infrastructure Interview Questions: Expert Interview for Communication Outreach and Education Intervew Questions: Participant Type 1 Interview Questions: Participant Type 2

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