WINTER G RA I N S FALL 2020
WINTER RYE Winter Rye is the most winter-hardy winter grain, even germinating down to 35˚F. It can be grazed deep into the fall, out-competes weeds, and produces lots of forage or green manure in the spring. It performs better than other small grains on low fertility and/or droughty soils. Excellent feed value as forage. Average grain yields range from 35-50 (open-pollinated) 70-140 bu/acre (hybrids).
Open-Pollinated Winter Rye Best Use:
Cover Crop, Forage, Grain
Planting Date: September – November 15 (depending on intended use) Adaptations:
All soil types & environments
Requirements • Winter rye fertilization should be managed to match intended use. • A cover crop of rye does not require any N, forage rye may require from 40-80 lbs. of N, and a high-input crop of hybrid rye could require up to 150 lbs. of N depending on: a). previous crop, b). expected yield, and c). soil productivity. • If using rye as a cover crop, kill winter rye at least 10 days to 2 weeks before planting cash crops in the spring. No-tilling into winter rye can be a viable system in the Upper Midwest with careful management. Seeding Drilling: For cover crop, drill seed at 50-75 lbs/acre at a depth of ½” to ¾”. It is possible to get a poor stand from planting rye too deep. For grain or forage, drill open-pollinated varieties at 100 lbs/acre. Broadcast/Aerial: For cover crop, fly 120 to 150 lbs per acre into field corn, sweet corn, and soybeans at the beginning of leaf senescences (yellowing) for a strong rye stand or for late fall grazing, and/or early spring grazing.
2 • Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog
CALL TO ORDER: (800) 352-5247 Winter Rye* • Economical choice for forage, grain, or cover cropping • Northern origin Conventional Uncertified • $ASK Organic & Uncertified • $ASK Aroostook Winter Rye • Early-heading; popular choice for roller-crimper application in organic no-till systems • Very tall variety with good winter hardiness • Good spring recovery and early-season vigor Conventional Uncertified • $ASK Organic & Uncertified • $ASK Hazlet Winter Rye • Popular Canadian variety • Excellent yield potential • Later maturity, shorter height, good standability Conventional Uncertified • $ASK Organic & Uncertified • $ASK ND Dylan Winter Rye** • NDSU release with excellent winter hardiness • Outstanding grain yield and high test weight grain • Tall-growing, can lodge on fertile soils • Medium-late maturity Organic & Certified • $ASK
* Variety Not Stated ** Requires license agreement.
ND Gardner NEW Winter Rye** • Very tall, early-maturing variety that may replace Aroostook • Excellent winter hardiness • Higher seed yields and more biomass accumulation vs. Aroostook • Good candidate for organic roll-down cover crop use or as a forage crop Conventional & Certified • $ASK Organic & Certified • $ASK Spooner Winter Rye • Tall, early heading winter rye variety • Good field results in a organic no-till roll down system • Tall variety with good standability • University of Wisconsin release Organic & Certified • $ASK Danko Winter Rye • Polish variety with high yields, heavy test weight, large, plump kernel size and good milling/distilling characteristics • Good winter hardiness and standability • Historically planted in Canada; gaining ground in the US Conventional & Certified • $ASK
Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog • 3
HYBRID WINTER RYE KWS Hybrid Winter Rye is bred to produce highyielding rye cereal grain and forage with low incidence of disease. Hybrid rye performs well in drought conditions and on sandy soils and even better on more productive soils. • • • • • • • •
Can yield up to 160 bu/acre (up to 100% more than openpollinated varieties). Plants are shorter, stand well, and are more uniform in height and maturity than open-pollinated rye varieties. Disease resistant: All varieties have reduced risk for ergot with proper management. Excellent winter hardiness. Superior grain quality for milling, distilling, and feed markets. Rye can be fed in rations for dairy, beef and swine All hybrid rye varieties require a signed license. Grain cannot be saved for seed. Reduced CO2 emissions: Scientific studies CO ² demonstrate that hybrid rye feed mixes can decrease CO2 emissions in pork production by EFFICIENT more than 20 percent.
Hybrid Winter Rye Best Use:
Grain, Forage
Planting Date: Sept. 1 – Oct. 10 (varies with latitude & elevation) Adaptations:
All soil types & environments
Requirements • Higher management than open-pollinated rye. • Provide 1.2 lbs of available N per bushel of grain. Seeding Plant 800,000 viable seeds/ acre, ½” to ¾” deep. Optimum seeding time is September in southern Minnesota, can continue into October farther south. Uniform seed spacing enables optimum tiller development. Avoid seeding hybrid rye after October 15. 4 • Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog
CALL TO ORDER: (800) 352-5247 KWS Bono** Hybrid Rye • One of the two highest-yielding hybrids on the market (129 bu/acre 3-year avg. UMN testing) • Recommended choice for milling/ distilling markets • Excellent straw strength and standability • Excellent drought tolerance; best dryland variety but suitable for all soil types • Plant earlier in the fall for best establishment Conventional Certified • $ASK KWS Brasetto** Hybrid Rye • Consistent yield performance across years & environments (119 bu/acre 3-year UMN avg.) • Recommended choice for milling/ distilling markets • Stands very well, good resistance to Fusarium • Excellent East/West movement in the US Conventional Certified • $ASK KWS Serafino** Hybrid Rye • Highest grain yield potential • Best choice for certified organic producers • Well adapted to low-input environments • Best adapted for feed-use • Low in ergot; excellent grain quality • Excellent straw strength and standability • Can succeed on varied soil types; excellent East/West movement Conventional Certified • $ASK
** Requires license agreement.
KWS Tayo** Hybrid Rye NEW • Next generation high-yielding hybrid rye genetics • Best adapted for feed-use • Excellent standability • Position on heavier soil north of I-90 • Seed will be treated with fungicides Conventional Certified • $ASK Treated Conventional Certified • $ASK KWS Bintto** Hybrid Rye • Excellent long-term yield results (112 bu/acre 4 year average Cornell University) • Shortest hybrid rye available • Excellent straw strength • Broadly adapted Conventional Certified • $ASK KWS Daniello** Hybrid Rye • Lowest ergot hybrid available • Very high yields • Excellent straw strength • Performs best on well drained soils • Good dual-purpose choice for grain or forage Conventional Certified • $ASK KWS Progas** Hybrid Rye • Forage type for whole-plant silage or grazing • Tall, very high dry matter yields • More tons & milk/acre than triticale • Harvest at milk stage for best balance of quality and yield • Very early heading: consider for roll-down rye Our Progas seed is not suitable for Organic production. We recommend Daniello for Organic farmers. Conventional Certified • $ASK
More Yield (and Milk) from KWS Progas Hybrid Rye Silage WAUNAKEE, WI. A 2019 on-farm trial demonstrated that KWS Progas hybrid rye outyielded the VNS rye variety by 33 percent and 28 percent more milk per acre. READ MORE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN: https://bit.ly/37KyWgK Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog • 5
WINTER RYE
1
Varies
8
6
6
Varies
9
1
8
6
9
Varies
4
3
3
2
2
4
Varies
9
9
1
9
4
4
Varies
Test Wt
5
7
7
7
9
2
Varies
Grain Protein
61.8
55
65.9
62.5
65.9
ID
NA
2019 Yield
72.3
77.4
83.3
79
79.9
ID
NA
Avg Yield 3-yr (bu/A)
Winter Rye Characteristics
Excellent 5 4
5
KWS Bintto
KWS Serafino
KWS Brasetto
KWS Bono
KWS Tayo
2
2
2
2
2
2
8
7
8
8
8
9
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
NA
1
1
3
2
1
3
NA
8
9
9
8
9
9
NA
ID
ID
88.3
75.4
84.2
82.8
NA
ID
ID
116.5
104.6
115.6
105.4
1 4
9
Ergot
Winter Rye* 2 4
8
Straw Strength
Aroostook 2 4
Plant Ht
Hazlet 1 1
Days to Heading
ND Dylan** 3
Winter Hardiness
Danko 5
Variety
ND Gardner**
OPEN POLLINATED RYE
Spooner
KWS Daniello
NA
HYBRID WINTER RYE
KWS Progas 2 ID 3 2
All data from University of Minnesota 2019. Aroostook adapted from 2018 University of Minnesota data set. KWS provided data on Bintto, Daniello and Progas. Ergot: 1=resistant, 9= susceptible; Straw Strength/Protein: 1=best, 9=worst; Maturity: 1=earliest, 9=latest; Test Weight 1=heaviest, 9=lightest; Plant Height 1=short, 9=tall; Winter Hardiness: 1=not hardy, 9=very hardy
6 • Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog
WINTER BARLEY Compared to spring barley, winter barley typically has higher yields, fewer disease issues, lower input needs, and provides more erosion prevention and nutrient scavenging. Winter barley has shown excellent promise as a productive feed and malting grain for the Upper Midwest, but we don’t yet have a variety that consistently overwinters in MN, WI, SD, ND, and northern IA. Planting early and getting good snow cover (for insulation) are both critical to winter barley survival in the north central U.S. Plant in sheltered areas to help improve winter survivability. Best Use: Grain, Forage Planting Date: Aug. 15 – Oct. 1 (varies with latitude & elevation) Adaptations: All soil types; sheltered fields likely fare best Seeding: 80-100 lbs. per acre, drilled to a depth of 1” at a row spacing of 7.5”
LCS Violetta Winter Barley** – 2 Row
• German variety bred for superior malt quality • Strong yield potential, early maturing, short height • Good disease resistance and east/west movement Conventional Certified • $ASK
SB151 Winter Barley – 6 Row
• Early maturing, medium height • Excellent standability and disease resistance • Awnless for improved feed quality • Good winter hardiness in zone 5 in 2018 & 2019 Organic & Uncertified • $ASK ** Requires license agreement.
CALL TO ORDER: (800) 352-5247 Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog • 7
WINTER TRITICALE Winter triticale is a cross between winter wheat and winter rye that combines the high yield potential, grain quality, and disease resistance of winter wheat with the winter hardiness and low fertility requirements of winter rye. Provides the best forage quality of all the winter grains. Cut before heading for best forage quality. Best Use:
Forage, Cover Crop, Grain
Planting Date: September 1 – October 15 Adaptations:
All soil types
Requirements: Triticale is often less winter hardy than winter rye. Plant early for best overwintering potential. Seeding:
100 lbs/acre [forage, grain] Organic Tulus Triticale Ridgeway, Wisconsin
May 6
8 • Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog
June 11
CALL TO ORDER: (800) 352-5247 Winter Triticale* • Economical choice for forage or cover cropping Conventional Uncertified • $ASK Organic & Uncertified • $ASK
Tulus Winter Triticale
NEW
• German genetics, first time available in the US • Grain-specific, low-ergot variety with excellent yield potential • Good winter hardiness and suitability for variable soils Organic & Certified • $ASK
HyOctane Winter Triticale • Excellent yielding forage-type triticale • Very good winter hardiness • Reduced awns for better feed value • Strong early vigor and earlier heading Conventional Certified • $ASK
FX1001 Winter Triticale • Very high yielding forage triticale • Nearly awnless, <5% awn expression • Tallest and earlier maturing • Adaptable to variable growing regions (including drylands) Conventional Certified • $ASK
Fridge Winter Triticale • Forage-specific variety • Tall, leafy and winter hardy • Awnletted variety with strong stems. Tillers rapidly • Good for haying, silage, and grazing Conventional Certified • $ASK * Variety Not Stated Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog • 9
WINTER WHEAT Winter wheat provides options as a grain cash crop, straw, and a cover crop to break weed and pest cycles. A 12-year University of Illinois study found that winter wheat in a two-year rotation boosted corn harvest by 10 bushels/acre and soybeans by 5 bushels/acre. Winter wheat provides an excellent window for seeding cover crops after grain harvest. Best Use:
Grain, Cover Crop, Forage
Planting Date: Sept. 1 – Oct. 15 (varies with latitude & elevation) Adaptations: All soil types Requirements
Seeding:
• Winter wheat does need available N for optimum yield. • Avoid planting winter wheat on corn ground or wheat stubble • Planting past optimum seeding date increases the risk of winter kill and reduces yield • Seeding too early can result in excessive fall growth, making plants more vulnerable to winter kill and acts as a green bridge for pests • Work the soil as black as possible when following sweet corn or corn silage to reduce incidence of fusarium head blight • Watch chemical rotation restrictions 100-140 lbs/acre drilled 1’’-2’’ deep (Optimum stand is 1,000,000 plants/acre or 23-25 plants per square foot)
10 • Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog
CALL TO ORDER: (800) 352-5247 SOFT RED WINTER WHEAT
LCS 3334 Soft Red**
• Good combination of grain quality, yield and scab tolerance • Medium-tall, very good straw strength, smooth heads • Above-average test weight, protein, and grain quality Organic & Certified • $ASK
Erisman Soft Red**
NEW
• Developed for organic producers by U of IL • Good yielding and good disease resistance to FHB & Stripe Rust • Very good milling/baking quality • Widely adapted Organic & Certified • $ASK
Viking Volla Soft Red NEW
• Very high yield potential, excellent performance in WI, IL, IN, MI & OH, in 2019 • Very good scab tolerance, medium-height, very good straw strength, awned • Good choice for organic farms trying to maximize soft red winter wheat yield Organic & Certified • $ASK
** Requires license agreement.
HARD RED WINTER WHEAT
Expedition Hard Red
• The standard for yield, winter hardiness and test weight • Good baking and excellent milling quality • Excellent standing, good choice for high management and fertile soils • Early maturity, medium height Conventional Certified • $ASK Organic & Certified • $ASK
SY Wolf Hard Red
• Semi-dwarf height • Maintains green leaves for grain fill under high disease pressure • Performs well in all management systems; excels in heavy residue • Excellent disease tolerance, good straw strength, and winter hardiness • Good tillering and drought tolerance Conventional Certified • $ASK
Turkey Red Heritage
• Heritage variety with taller growth habit and late maturity • Height shades out weeds better than modern varieties • Tolerates poor soils because of larger root system • Rich and complex flavor with excellent baking qualities Organic & Certified • $ASK Albert Lea Seed Winter Grains Catalog • 11
www.alseed.com
• WINTER WHEAT
• WINTER TRITICALE
• WINTER BARLEY
• HYBRID WINTER RYE
• WINTER RYE
Plant Winter Grains for Cover Crops & Cash Crops
1414 W. Main Street P.O. Box 127 Albert Lea, MN 56007
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