DESIGN PORTFOLIO AMANDA BRYANT
B.A. Arch, University of Kentucky; MSC Urbanism, TU Delft
2
CONTENTS OPERA NEBULA 4-17 Bachelor Thesis Project Professor Jason Scroggin UK COD - Fall 2013
FLIP-SCAPE REGIONAL PLANNING
18-31
Master Group Project Professor Remon Rooij and Els Bet TU Delft - Q3 2017
DELFT SCENARIO 32-39 Bachelor Study Abroad Project Professor Siebe Bakker UK COD - Summer 2013, Delft, Netherlands
PATTERN STUDY 40-45 Master Studio Exercise Professor Leo van den Berg TU Delft - Q2 2016/2017
WIRE MONSTER 46-53 Bachelor Studio Exercise Professor Rives Rash UK COD - Spring 2013
CUBE CITY 54-61 Master Project Professor Luisa Calabrese and PhD Jiaxiu Cai TU Delft - Q1 2016
RESEARCH CENTER
62-71
Bachelor Project Professor Anne Filson UK COD - Fall 2012
THE OPPORTUNITY IN THE VACANCY
72-107
Master Thesis Project Professor Rients Dijkstra and Vincent Nadin TU Delft 2017/2018
3
OPERA NEBULA The conceptual idea for a performance hall was derived from the formal analysis of the natural phenomenon of a nebula. Nebulae are part of the life cycle of a star. Through space matter and photon emission Nebulae are made up of interactive volumes of gas that emit different layers of colors and light. The formal characteristics of a nebula were translated into a series of formal and conceptual models that elaborated on the idea of colliding volumes and its relationship with color, frame and view orientation. The additive and subtractive values of a collision of volumes reminisce the interwoven layers of space matter and gas within a nebula. When applied to architecture, the defined program is located at an additive intersection of volumes. While, loosely defined program is oriented in interstitial spaces that result from volume subtraction. The exterior of the building reflects the form and program through different opacities and material while more directly referencing the natural inspiration through color with a juxtaposed transparent opaque atmosphere. Professor Jason Scroggin, Bachelor Thesis project UK COD - Fall 2013
4
Opera Nebula
PHYSICAL STUDY MODEL Volume Intersection
Bachelor Thesis Project
5
Exterior Rendering
6
Opera Nebula
Bachelor Thesis Project
7
8
Opera Nebula
SECTION 0 FT
20 FT
40 FT
80 FT
Bachelor Thesis Project
9
N
ST. GE O STA RGE TE TE N ISL RMIN A
Opera Nebula
SITE PLAN
10
E RICHMOND TERRAC
STA YA TEN N KEE ISLA ND S T A DIU M
Volume addition creates form and intersection defines formal program
North Elevation
Volume subtraction creates views and defines informal program
South Elevation Volume relationship defines facade devision and materiality
ELEVATIONS
PROGRAM DIAGRAM
Bachelor Thesis Project
11
NEBULA FORMATION
LIFE CYCLE OF A STAR Nebula
Dust Cloud
Interstellar space medium (ISM) gas and dust that make up space. Globule
Protostar
Brown Dwarf As ISM clumps together they pull in more matter. The gravitational pull is directly proportional to the mass.
Main Sequence Star
Red Giant
White Dwarf They form larger massive structures and the pressure becomes so high that nuclear fusion occurs.
Black Dwarf
Supernova
Neuron Star
This results in the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation which ionizes the outer layers of gas. This is an early stage of star formation.
Black Hole
PHOTON EMISSION ELECTRON
part of the process of electromagnetic radiation that produces light. when atoms absorb energy they become excited and move to a higher energy level. when the electrons move back down to a lower energy level the energy is re-emitted as a photon which is percieved as colored light. every element has a different emission spectrum.
LOW ENERGY PHOTON NUCLEUS HIGH ENERGY PHOTON LOWEST ENERGY LEVEL LOW ENERGY LEVEL EXCITED STATE
ABSORBTION
12
Opera Nebula
EMISSION
DIGITAL STUDY Color Frame Interaction
PHYSICAL STUDY MODELS Color Frame Interaction
DIGITAL STUDY Volume Intersection
CONCEPTUAL STUDIES Bachelor Thesis Project
13
PHYSICAL STUDY MODEL Volume Intersection
14
Opera Nebula
2
13 FT
60 FT
1 15 FT
4
13 FT
13 FT
3 5 36 FT
30 FT
58 FT 60 FT 60 FT
45 FT
30 FT 45 FT
30 FT
13 FT
13 FT
73 FT
6
8
7
FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 1. Theater Lobby 2. Restrooms 3. VIP Lounge and Bar 4. First Balcony Seating 5. VIP/Box Seating 6. Performers Lounge 7. Back of House Storage Area 8. Rehersal Space
N 0 FT
20 FT
40 FT
80 FT
Bachelor Thesis Project
15
interior Rendering
16
Opera Nebula
Bachelor Thesis Project
17
FLIP-SCAPE The focus for this studio was, as a group, to create a regional vision and strategy for The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA). As part of this proposal we also had to implement the goals of the municipalities in the region and consider the goals of the circular economy. For this vision, named Flipscape, the proposal focused on the direct relationship between landscape, density, and the knowledge economy. As cities such as the AMA continue to expand, over time large amounts of landscape are consumed for urban use. In order to protect the landscape cities need to redirect development to increasing the density of existing urban areas. In order to keep these areas attractive, landscape has to be considered and included as a crucial element for design. The statistics and research on the workers of the knowledge economy also supports this argument for landscape as essential element for design. Highly educated workers are more mobile, and have a wide choice of where they would like to live and work. Providing landscape can be a deciding factor in where these knowledge workers choose to live. This will directly affect the future of the region of the AMA and its economy. Flipscape looks to alter the current relationship of the AMA and these three themes, and propose alternative spatial typologies for the future. Lastly the goals of Flipscape align with the goals of the circular economy by emphasizing the re-use of land and the opportunity to create better efficiency and use of the other urban metabolisms within a building, city block and region. Professors Remon Rooij and Els Bet, Master Group Project TU Delft - Q3 2017 Group Members: Cateau Albers, Donald Boing, Amanda Bryant, and Jingsi Li
18
Flip-Scape
lake canal
river
coast
path
dunes view
waterfront
protected areas
forest
interaction
historic area
proposed islands
Landscape park
agriculture
farm co opp
natural park
urban park
urban farm
public initiatives
digital infrastructure
private co.
green roof
solar panels
water collection
public spaces
collaborative space
research institutes
use of roof
FLIPSCAPE
new plots
library
amenities
class rooms
suburb densification
campus
projects
knowledge
density business park
unique space
cafe
collaboration hubs
collabora tion
creative startups
re-use developments
tram public transit
metro walk ways
mixed use areas
high rise housing
trends large scale conventions reused areas
active
new forms shared areas
SPATIAL POSSIBILITIES DIAGRAM LEGEND Landscape Density Knowledge Connection
Master Group Project
19
1600
1900
URBAN GROWTH
Timeline
Industrial expansion
Closed Door
Water Front Door
Wild landscape
Tamed landscape
LANDSCAPE
ECONOMY
Origin
LEGEND COMBINED
Dikes Water body High ground New land Railway Tram Highway Urban area Heavy industrial area Knowledge-intensive area Wild Landscape, Origin, Closed Door
20
Flip-Scape
Tamed Landscape, Industrial Expansion, Water Front Door
1980
2017
Post War Expansion
Suburban Expansion
New Doors
Where is the Front Door?
Manipulated landscape
Overgrown
Manipulated Landscape, Post War Expension, New Doors,
Overgrown Landscape, Subrban Expansion, Where is the Front Door?
Master Group Project
21
N 0 km
5 km
10 km
20 km
THREE THEMES FLIPSCAPE MAP LEGEND Railway Highway Airport Industrial Area Knowledge-intensive Area Multi-functional Area Urban Area Permeable City Edges Dikes Bodies of Water High Ground New Land/Polder
22
Flip-Scape
FLIP-s LEGEND
G
P
P
P
P
S
W
N
S
N 0 km
5 km
10 km
20 km
FLIPSCAPE VISION MAP LEGEND Green Corridors Phase 1 Phase 1 - Circular Economy Phase 2 Phase 3 Stelling Van Amsterdam Start Up Circle Westas Network Connections Secondary Network Connections
Master Group Project
23
EXISTING URBAN EXPANSION LEGEND Urban Expansion Heavy Industry Knowledge Economy Transportation Hub
FLIPSCAPE SPATIAL PRINCIPLES LEGEND Re-use of Land City Border Landscape Permeation Knowledge Economy Transportation Hub
24
Flip-Scape
Multifunctionality
Re-use of Land
Complete Triangle
Compact City
Biological Consultation
Flexibility and Resilience
No Urban Expansion
Sustainable Transport
Landscape Protection
SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS
Master Group Project
25
lake canal
river
coast
path
dunes view
waterfront
protected areas
forest
interaction
historic area
proposed islands
Landscape park
agriculture
farm co opp
natural park
urban park
urban farm
public initiatives
digital infrastructure
private co.
green roof
solar panels
water collection
public spaces
collaborative space
research institutes
use of roof
FLIPSCAPE
new plots
library
amenities
class rooms
suburb densification
campus
projects
knowledge
density business park
unique space
cafe
collaboration hubs
collabora tion
creative startups
re-use developments
tram public transit
metro walk ways
mixed use areas
high rise housing
trends large scale conventions reused areas
active
new forms shared areas
SPATIAL POSSIBILITIES DIAGRAM LEGEND Landscape Density Knowledge Connection
26
Flip-Scape
icy dor gre e
nc orr i
enviro
g ita
ge ea
ie nc
s
licy n po
er +h
va n
nmenta
io ect rot pe p
li
ng
pol
sca
el
Rijkswater staat
s cie l agen
d lan
St
Am
Un
ol ph
t
hi
re ch
et ci
so il
d
er s
en
ut
ies
er v ci
ut
sc
mm
rm
co
es
rd am
pu
co
st e
nts
bita
k sp ar es
er
us in
ld
lb
po
st e
er
am
rd wa a
m
er
u rs
me
e lv
ls
ces
hi
aa
provin
inha
FLIPSCAPE
developers
city bord
er ho using densif icatio n
ive
eat
sin g
ph
M
rt sta
2
Am
3
st e
rd am
n o ti
ti
pe
m
o
c
municipalities
ic y po l
ve
s
as e
ve
in
ion
ph
ti ra
st or s
ci ty ri c
eg io
bo
nt
a ll
ly ce
o
po
rat
rr
c
am a
as e
rv oe
cy li
IJmuiden
rpo
ph
Ve
po
co
almere
co
1
s si
i
o bi m sy
es
as e
A
zuidas
westpoort
an mp
polic y
hou
in
A
cr ups
try dus
+
NS
+
tr
an
si t
STRATEGY TIMELINE DIAGRAM LEGEND Landscape Density Knowledge Intervention Policy Stakeholder Phase Connection
Master Group Project
27
N 0 km
5 km
10 km
20 km
ALMERE EXISTING CONDITION ANALYSIS LEGEND Existing Railway Existing Railway Station Highway Urban Area Outside of Almere Suburban Areas in Almere Public Areas in Almere Parks in Almere Landscape Development Urban Development New Railway New Railway Station New Island for Train Support
28
Flip-Scape
N 0 km
1 km
1.5 km
3 km
ALMERE FLIPSCAPE INTERVENTION PROPOSAL LEGEND Existing Railway Existing Railway Station Highway Suburban Areas in Almere Public Areas in Almere Parks in Almere Landscape Development Urban Development New Railway New Railway Station Urban Intervention Suburb Densification Park Development New Attraction New Network
Master Group Project
29
Almere Flip-scape Rendering
30
Flip-Scape
Master Group Project
31
Urban Studio This studio was focused on a scenario based urban analysis of the Dutch city Delft. Initially we began with an analysis based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the city and based on the analysis five scenarios were derived as possible futures for the city of Delft. Each member of our group then became responsible for graphically explaining one of five scenarios that was ultimately published in a newspaper format. Along with maps, diagrams and info-graphics, each scenario utilized a comic strip to demonstrate its characteristics. The newspapers were distributed to local municipality along with a verbal presentation. I was responsible for the Delft UniverCity Scenario which focused on how to utilize shared space to encourage interaction between citizens and students in which the shared space creates a collaborative community identity. Through analyzing the existing needs of students, citizens, and existing campus precedents three types of programmatic spaces were chosen as necessary to create this type of scenario. The location relationship between the programs, city and campus creates a variety of opportunities for students and citizens to interact creating a collaborative community. Professor Siebe Bakker, Bachelor Study Abroad Project UK COD - Summer 2013, Delft, Netherlands
32
Urban Studio
student space
the city
the campus
citizen space
TU CENTER
cafe
market
Bachelor Study Abroad Project
33
? Whats going to happen to the city of Delft in the future?
?
?
DF & CU
SWOT
A B C D
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
+ + -
+ +
+ + -
+ + +
+ +
+ + -
+ -
Lets look at Delfts strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, driving forces, and critical uncertainties.
?
DELFT
?
? There are several different scenarios for the future of Delft based on this analysis.
DELFT
+
Lets elaborate on these scenarios by continuing research, collaborating with policy students from Liden, and meeting with stakeholders.
TWO FACED DELFT
DELFT UNIVERCITY
DESTINATION DELFT
IN DELFT
REGIONOVATION
The main five scenarios.
TWO FACED DELFT
DELFT UNIVER-CITY
DESTINATION DELFT
IN DELFT
REGIONOVATION
A new housing proposal that will work with all scenarios and therefore the future of Delft.
A final graphic presentation is given to stakeholders and municipality of Delft.
Using info-graphics, we can present this information in a newspaper. (via www.newspaperclub.com)
Newspapers are distributed to share the information.
PROJECT PROCESS 34
Urban Studio
DELFT UNIVERCITY
WEAKNESSES - disparity: students - citizens - housing gap: lack middle and high - limited space - no regional attraction - career opportunities (tech workers) - communication: TU - companies municipality - marketing
OPPORTUNITIES - collaboration - tech parks - marketing - incubators - region - creative industries
THREATS - culture of short term strategies - regional competition - limited budget - lack of amenities - departure of tech companies - connection: city and campus
DRIVING FORCES - tourism - improving public transport - improving infrastructure - need for new economy models - need for tech workers - limited space - government reorganization
CRITICAL UNCERTAINTIES - number of international students - study finance system - merger of Dutch technical universities - regional competition - new economic models - 100.000+ municipalities - attracting tech companies
WEAKNESSES - disparity: students - citizens - housing gap: lack middle and high - limited space - no regional attraction - career opportunities (tech workers) - communication: TU - companies municipality - marketing
STRENGTHS - educational institutes TU/ HBO/MBO - student population - social housing - geography and region - history and city center
WEAKNESSES - disparity: students - citizens - housing gap: lack middle and high - limited space - no regional attraction - career opportunities (tech workers) - communication: TU - companies municipality - marketing
OPPORTUNITIES - collaboration - tech parks - marketing - incubators - region - creative industries
THREATS - culture of short term strategies - regional competition - limited budget - lack of amenities - departure of tech companies - connection: city and campus
OPPORTUNITIES - collaboration - tech parks - marketing - incubators - region - creative industries
THREATS - culture of short term strategies - regional competition - limited budget - lack of amenities - departure of tech companies - connection: city and campus
DRIVING FORCES - tourism - improving public transport - improving infrastructure - need for new economy models - need for tech workers - limited space - government reorganization
CRITICAL UNCERTAINTIES - number of international students - study finance system - merger of Dutch technical universities - regional competition - new economic models - 100.000+ municipalities - attracting tech companies
DRIVING FORCES - tourism - improving public transport - improving infrastructure - need for new economy models - need for tech workers - limited space - government reorganization
CRITICAL UNCERTAINTIES - number of international students - study finance system - merger of Dutch technical universities - regional competition - new economic models - 100.000+ municipalities - attracting tech companies
STRENGTHS - educational institutes TU/ HBO/MBO - student population - social housing - geography and region - history and city center
WEAKNESSES - disparity: students - citizens - housing gap: lack middle and high - limited space - no regional attraction - career opportunities (tech workers) - communication: TU - companies municipality - marketing
STRENGTHS - educational institutes TU/ HBO/MBO - student population - social housing - geography and region - history and city center
WEAKNESSES - disparity: students - citizens - housing gap: lack middle and high - limited space - no regional attraction - career opportunities (tech workers) - communication: TU - companies municipality - marketing
OPPORTUNITIES - collaboration - tech parks - marketing - incubators - region - creative industries
THREATS - culture of short term strategies - regional competition - limited budget - lack of amenities - departure of tech companies - connection: city and campus
OPPORTUNITIES - collaboration - tech parks - marketing - incubators - region - creative industries
THREATS - culture of short term strategies - regional competition - limited budget - lack of amenities - departure of tech companies - connection: city and campus
DRIVING FORCES - tourism - improving public transport - improving infrastructure - need for new economy models - need for tech workers - limited space - government reorganization
CRITICAL UNCERTAINTIES - number of international students - study finance system - merger of Dutch technical universities - regional competition - new economic models - 100.000+ municipalities - attracting tech companies
DRIVING FORCES - tourism - improving public transport - improving infrastructure - need for new economy models - need for tech workers - limited space - government reorganization
CRITICAL UNCERTAINTIES - number of international students - study finance system - merger of Dutch technical universities - regional competition - new economic models - 100.000+ municipalities - attracting tech companies
IN DELFT
STRENGTHS - educational institutes TU/ HBO/MBO - student population - social housing - geography and region - history and city center
REGIONOVATION
DESTINATION DELFT TWO FACED DELFT
STRENGTHS - educational institutes TU/ HBO/MBO - student population - social housing - geography and region - history and city center
SCENARIO SWOT ANALYSIS Bachelor Study Abroad Project
35
FRONT COVER designed and drawn by: Amanda Bryant, Laurel Christensen
DESTINATION DELFT designed and drawn by: Liz Feldman
01
02/03
04/05 REGIONOVATION designed and drawn by: Jennifer Seymour-McCrystal
NEWSPAPER LAYOUT
36
Urban Studio
TWO FACED DELFT designed and drawn by: Zach Allen
SWOT ANALYSIS collaboration by: entire group, final text written by: Professor Siebe Bakker
DELFT UNIVERCITY designed and drawn by: Amanda Bryant
06/07
INDELFT designed and drawn by: Laurel Christensen
12/13
08/09
HYBRID DWELLING PROPOSAL designed and drawn by: Katie Gray
14/15
10/11
BACK COVER - PROCESS DOCUMENTATION photographs by: entire group
16
Newspaper Photos
Bachelor Study Abroad Project
37
DELFTUNIVERCITY delft university of technology
opportunity analysis of current students and amenities.
departments
student population total: 19.500 undergraduate: 10.900 graduate: 6.300 Doctoral: 2.300
eems
ae
arch
ceg
as
tpm
ide
3me
tu delft is made up of 8 departments. each of which have separate facilities and student societies. students are isolated to their designated department as early as welcome week. each student organization has its own location for events as well. this severely limits interaction and collaboration between faculties and ultimately the university’s sense of community.
over half of the student population is in a student society
student societies* total:74 sport student societies-34 professional student societies-22 social student societies-18
*tu delft has the most student societies of any university in the netherlands
science center delft cultural and sports center library Aula technopolis
Housing is largely decentralized and the majority of students live off campus in residential areas. apart from international students, who recieve assistance, tu students are responsible for finding their own accommodation. this limits the student community.
student space
the city
campus map
student housing
buildings or spaces not related to a specific faculty
shared spaces and events pull students and residents across the city and campus
the campus
citizen space
campus relationship PRECEDENTS
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
ILLINOiS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
lexington KY
cincinnati oh
chicago il
key student housing student center multipurpose event space
Delft Univercity Scenario Layout 38
social and spatial interactions between existing campuses and cities.
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
Urban Studio
campus and city have a collaborative identity through shared use of spaces. transition program CAMPUS
shared spaces
spaces that allow for a variety of events used by both students and citizens.
STUDENT HOUSING
STUDENT CENTER
MULTIPURPOSE EVENT SPACE
provides living amenities for students
campus building used for student recreation
accommodates a large variety of events
clearly defined function
semi-defined function
completely open function
promotes student interaction outside of class
promotes student interaction and used by citizens
promotes student and citizen interaction space is used equally by both
CITY
the division between campus and city
event space
we are a community!
TU CENTER
cafe
market
becomes less defined as space is shared.
location relationships 01
student housing in the middle of campus allows for a central destination for all students. the student center within the city draws students off campus. the multipurpose space within the city is close to both students and residents.
strategic placement that influences interaction.
02
student housing at the bottom of campus gives students close proximity to existing academic buildings. the student center on the opposite side of campus draws students across campus and is located near the city center, the multipurpose event space in the city pulls students off campus and creates a path through the student center for residents.
03
student housing at the top of campus gives students close proximity to the city center. the student center in the city draws students off of campus and creates intersections with other paths. the multipurpose space on the opposite end of campus causes residents to travel across campus.
04
student housing at the bottom of campus isolates student living from existing residential areas. the student center on the opposite side of campus creates a path through campus and becomes the mediation between the city and the campus. the multipurpose event space is located above the student center in the city and emphasizes the path to and from housing.
Bachelor Study Abroad Project
39
Pattern Study This study exercise explored the concept of Patterns and a Pattern Language in the context of an urban design. The focus was on how the design of public space can improve the lives of people using the categories of Health, Control, Legibility and Safety. Each of the four categories is broken down again into physical, mental and social components. To complete this study, each of those components is explained through four patterns. Each pattern is demonstrated through an icon with a name and key words. This collection of patterns is meant to represent concepts of urban design and human interaction rather than specific design moves. In addition to the patterns part of the assignment was to explore the integration of engineering systems into these patterns. As a result, examples of possible engineering systems are annotated in each pattern icon. Each of the patterns could include multiple engineering systems that focus on water, subsurface, energy collection or climate. The implementation of engineering systems into patterns depends on the final form of the design. Because these patterns are only defined by a list of variables and not strict dimensions, it is important to show the use of engineering systems, but keep the options open for more possibilities. Patterns, although an interesting way to analyze complex systems, ultimately are not a way to determine form. Forms of patterns should be malleable and interchangeable, but ultimately need a formal goal. Settling on a pattern as the end result can ultimately create a lack of innovation. As a designer it is our job to challenge the forms that create patterns. In questioning form innovations can be created and discovered. Through including context and multiple scales determines formal success and guides use and patterns. Professor Leo van den Berg, Master Studio Exercise TU Delft - Q2 2016/2017
40
Pattern Study
LEDGE
SEAT
VIEW
KNOW YOUR NEIGHBOR
VIEW
INTERSECT
SHARE
OPEN SIGN
PERSONAL
ACTIVE
PARTICIPATION Social
IDENTITY
DECORATION
A STORAGE SPOT
SECURE
CLOSE
ACCESSIBLE
A SMALL GARDEN
INVITING
A TRADITION
EVENT
COLOR
TACIT
MAINTAIN
VARIETY
INTERACT
PERSONAL space
VISIBLE
OPEN
CHOICE
Mental
CONTROL PATTERNS
Master Studio Exercise
41
THE MAIN ENTRY
VISIBLE
OPEN
ACCESSIBLE
PROTECTIVE SHELTER
SHIELD
VISIBLE
OPTIONS
ABILITY TO PAUSE
LEDGE
PERMEABLE
HIERARCHY
VIEW
SECLUDED Physical
CONNECTIVE
INTERSECT
SHARE
OPEN SIGN
PERSONAL
A SHORT CUT
CHOICE
VIEW
KNOW YOUR NEIGHBOR
THE DEFINED EDGE
MATERIAL
SEAT
ACTIVE
PARTICIPATION Social
COLOR
IDENTITY
DECORATION
A STORAGE SPOT
SECURE
CLOSE
ACCESSIBLE
A SMALL GARDEN
INVITING
A TRADITION
EVENT
A PAINTED DOOR
TACIT
MAINTAIN
VARIETY
INTERACT
PERSONAL space
VISIBLE
OPEN
CHOICE
Mental
CONTROL PATTERNS 42
Pattern Study
PLACE OF REST
Variety
View
Shade
A quiet corner
Planned
Spontaneous
Inclusive
PATH OF TRAVEL
Visible
A NIGHT out
PROMOTION OF PLAY
Organized
Intimate
INFORMAL
ENTERTAINMENT
Exchange
A gathering spot
NATURAL EXPERIENCE
GREEN
LIGHT
PEACEFUL
CREATIVE mark
TANGIBLE
COLOR
PERSONALIZE
COGNITIVE SPARK LETS PLAY!
Ease
Function
Choice
CLEAN area
Senses
Facilities Physical
Access
ALL-AGES
Welcoming
Open
ENGAGE
ORGANIZED EVENTS
INFLUX
Local Social
Brand
INTERACT
CHALLENGE
SELF STUDY
DESK
CONNECTION
Purchase
Mental
HEALTH PATTERNS Master Studio Exercise
43
RESIDENCE
A NIGHT LIGHT
Visible
Consistent
Bright
A STORE LOGO
Brand
Identity
Exchange
DWELL
INTIMATE
Choice
Play
Events
EXCHANGE
A STOP sign
Direction
Clarity Physical
Bold
Nature
Extra
Structure
Unique
Historic
Formal
A STATUE
STORE
NECESSITIES
Service
Creative
Events
Temporary
Visible
ARCHITECTURAL ICON
Amenities ER CORN
Changing
PRIVATE
Recreation
A POSTER WALL
Local
Natural element
Commercial Social
Material
Small
A SQUARE
Influx
Open
Active
Connected
Mental
LEGIBILITY PATTERNS 44
Pattern Study
A BENCH
THE divider
Visible
Permeable
Short
Relax
Discuss
Human measure
CLEAN FACADE
Watch
Maintenance
Identity
Material
Entrance
A view
NEIGHBORHOOD OFFICE
SCHOOL
Height
Obstacle
Noise
The path
Visible
Open
Goal
Appearance
Task
Variety
Inviting
CIRCULATION
Function
Sign-age
Intersect
Implicit Physical
Leisure
Observe
Monitor Social
Ease
Pedestrian
A function
A window
CAFE
Organized
Scale
A CROSSWALK
A entrance
Permeable
Horizontal
Hints
OFFICE
OFFICE
Necessary
Clear
APARTMENTS
Active
Mental
SAFETY PATTERNS Master Studio Exercise
45
Wire Monster Analyzing the structural repetition of space and form, the goal of this project was to create an aggregation that challenges structure connection logic and the resulting form using only piano wire and soldering as materials. The final model consists of a bloom shaped unit, composed of four diamonds, with three different rules of connection logic; one for each axis of direction. One connected at the same edge, one connected at the opposite edge, and one face to face. The orientation of the axis is tied to the individual unit, not the entire structure, so the axis rotates each time a unit is added. The result is a form that can expand infinitely in all directions, and maintain structural support. The form creates moments of density and moments of alignment that create a wide variation of formal results. Digital modeling, drawing and rendering were used to analyze formal results, explain connection, and explore scale and installation possibilities. Professor Rives Rash, Bachelor Studio Exercise UK COD - Spring 2013
46
Wire Monster
ion
Plan
Elevation
Axon
Bachelor Studio Exercise
47
UNIT DIAGRAM 74
2”
106 1.25”
1.5”
Axon
Elevation
Plan
ATTACHMENT DIAGRAM X-AXIS ATTACHMENT
48
Y-AXIS ATTACHMENT
Z-AXIS ATTACHMENT
Plan
Plan
Plan
Elevation
Elevation
Elevation
Axon
Axon
Axon
Wire Monster
PLAN
ELEVATION Unit aggregation allows expansion infinitly in all directions.
Unit aggregation creates moments of overlapping that creates a sense of depth and density.
Unit aggregation creates moments of alignment that creates the illusion of flatness.
VARIATION DIAGRAM Bachelor Studio Exercise
49
Installation Perspective 1
Installation Perspective 2
50
Wire Monster
Installation Perspective 3
Installation Perspective 4
Bachelor Studio Exercise
51
Solder Model Photo
52
Wire Monster
Solder Model Photo
Bachelor Studio Exercise
53
Cube City The portrait of the city of Haarlem is an analysis through movement, interaction and isolation using the theories of typomorphology, urban landscape, open city, and complex system. Each theory is analyzed, diagrammed, and realized through a conceptual mapping. The conceptual map is then translated to an interactive model inspired by Buckminster Fuller’s Dymaxion Map. For the portrait of Haarlem, the geometry will be simplified and the conceptual map will be manipulated and projected onto faces of a cube. Different areas are isolated onto different faces of the cube, while also promoting interaction and challenging the perspective of the viewer. This analysis will bring about alternative perspectives and distinguish new ways of determining opportunities for different areas of the city. Professor Luisa Calabrese, and PhD Jiaxiu Cai, Master Project TU Delft - Q1 2016
54
Cube City
Complex System Cube Layout
Master Project
55
Typomorphology Drawing
Urban Landscape Drawing
Open City Drawing
Complex System Drawing
THEORY DRAWINGS 56
Cube City
Urban Morphology Axon Drawing
Master Project
57
Open City Downtown Plan View Sketch
COMPLEX SYSTEM ANALYSIS TIMELINE
1800
58
Cube City
1900
1930
Analytical Mapping
N 50 M
500 M
1 Km
Typomorphology Analysis
N 50 M
500 M
1 Km
Urban Landscape Analysis
N
50 M
500 M
1 Km
Open City Analysis
Open City Downtown Perspective Sketch
1960
1990
Present
Master Project
59
Typomorphology Cube Layout
Urban Landscape Cube Layout
Typomorphology Cube
Urban Landscape Cube
Cube Portrait Drawing and Model Photos 60
Cube City
Open City Cube Layout
Complex System Cube Layout
Open City Cube
Complex System Cube
Master Project
61
Research Center A Transdiciplinary Research Center requires space for different fields of a similar topic can collaborate and compare in an effort to make advancements. Natural resources and living locally focuses on a communities use and effect on a natural environment as well as unique environmental factors that can be utilized to maximize sustainability and community life. The natural give and take from the environment influenced the formal concept of a cycle, partially submerged, representing humans’ relationship with the earth and the resources taken from it. The form allowed for continuous circulation on both the interior an exterior to emphasize the idea of a cycle and allow visitors to symbolically become a part of it as they travel below ground for an auditorium, above ground for offices, and pass through the buildings public plaza and green space. Professor Anne Filson, Bachelor Project UK COD - Fall 2012
62
Research Center
Below Ground
First Floor
Second Floor Auditorium Lobby Space Circulation and Mechanical Cafe Office Space Outdoor Terrace Third Floor
PROGRAM AND CONCEPT DIAGRAM
Bachelor Project
63
Exterior Rendering
64
Research Center
Bachelor Project
65
10
1 19 FT
5
5
14 FT 3
14 FT
10 FT
4
6
8
10 FT
2
9 FT
9 10 FT
22 FT 7
5
10
BELOW GROUND FLOOR PLAN
LEGEND 1. Auditorium Stage 2. Above Ground Entrance 3. Below Ground Reception Area 4. Restrooms 5. Exit Stair 6. Entrance Lobby 7. Entrance Lobby 8. Green Roof Above Auditorium 9. Covered Exterior Space 10. Exterior Green Space
66
Research Center
GROUND LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
11. Exit Stair 12. Cafe 13. Cconnection Walkway 14. Restrooms 15. Storage Closet 16. Small Meeting Room 17. Corner Conference Room 18. Office 19. Outdoor Patio
11 11
14
10 FT 14
10 FT
13
15
16
12
19 10 FT
16
10 FT
11
11
18
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
18
18
17
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
FLOOR PLANS N 0FT
20FT
40FT
80FT
Bachelor Project
67
ROOF GARDEN - Growth Medium - Plantar Tray - Precast Concrete -Steel I Beam
CONCRETE FLOORING - Metal Decking - Sub Floor - Steel I Beam DOUBLE PANED GLASS WINDOW MULLION
INTENSIVE GREEN ROOF - Growth Medium - Drainage Fabric - Retention Layer - Root Barrier - Waterproof Membraine -Precast Concrete -Steel I Beam
CONCRETE LOAD BEARING WALL
CONCRETE FOOTER
SECTION DETAIL 1
SECTION DETAIL 2
1
68
Research Center
Below Ground
First Floor
Second Floor Auditorium Lobby Space Circulation and Mechanical Cafe Office Space Outdoor Terrace Third Floor
SECTION DETAIL 3
PROGRAM AND CONCEPT DIAGRAM
2
3
SECTION 0 FT
20 FT
40 FT
80 FT
Bachelor Project
69
Interior Rendering
70
Research Center
Bachelor Project
71
The Opportunity In The Vacancy For this thesis I explored the topic of automobile dependence and its spatial relationships and effects. Automobile dependence and suburban sprawl have a cyclical compounding relationship. Automobiles require a large amount of space and infrastructure in order to be an effective means of transit. This prompts constructing the urban environment at a lower density, which generates suburban sprawl. The low-density development then requires an automobile for ease of access, which generates dependence. In this way automobile dependence and suburban sprawl build upon each other. This relationship has a series of primary spatial effects and secondary socioeconomic effects on the urban environment. The United States is currently stuck in a system of automobile dependence that perpetuates nearly all cities across the country. But, automobile dependence is more severe than the mere use of a car. It instead, refers to the necessity of an automobile for accessibility within nearly all aspects of daily life. Todd Litman defines automobile dependence in terms of three criteria: 1) reduced transport alternatives, 2) automobile oriented land use patterns, and 3) high levels per capita automobile travel. The three definition criteria were used as the main methodology by dictating the spatial analysis, key goals, and strategy themes. The key design goals of the thesis were 1) to consider destination as well as transportation 2) work to attract suburban inhabitants back into the city and 3) focus on pedestrianizing public space. The themes of this thesis are transit, development, and culture. It is crucial that these three themes work together in a cohesive strategy in order to alleviate the effects of automobile dependence. The design of this thesis concluded with proposals at the city, district, and neighborhood level, with the design at the neighborhood level being the focus. Professors Rients Dijkstra and Vincent Nadin, Master Thesis Project TU Delft - 2017/2018
72
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Master Thesis Project
73
Isol atio n or A
cces Red sibi Low lity u ce Alt d Tr ern ans ativ por es t
Iso latio no A
The Lack of empathy The mental disassociation with the city
Automobile Dependence
of eve a h L apit el Hig er C eTrav P bil omo Aut
The overwhelming majority
of ount Am icle ve a Veh essi Exc ime in T ls
t of oun Am ehicle V
cce ssib r Low Red ility uce Alt d Tr ern ans ati por ves t
The false understanding of accessibility
The support of the system
sive
o Aut
Automobile Dependence
The Level of Implementation
a ces of Ex ime in T ls eve ta h L api vel Hig er C Tra P ile mob
Automobile Dependence
Automobile Oriented Land Use Patterns Uncomfortable or Useless Public Space
Suburban Sprawl Cycle Diagram
Scale - distance
Uncomfortable or Useless Public Space
The market control
Three Criteria Diagram
Wicked System Diagram
Scale - distance
possible to travel
develop - amount
develop - amount
of infrastructure
of infrastructure
Automobile Automobile Automobile Automobile Automobile Automobile Automobile Automobile
Pedestrian cycling bus
Plane
tram / streetcar
Metro Regional Train Automobile
Transit Multiplicity
SUBURBAN SPRAWL
Smart Growth / Balanced development
Economic / Racial / Functional
City
SUBURB
Economics
Maximizes accessibility
Economic / Racial / Functional Integration
Segregation
Excessive time spent in vehicle
Health
possible to travel
AUTOMOBILE DEPENDENCE
Limits accessibility
Community Environment
Minimizes importance / use of public space
Market driven development and private interest
The emphasis on ownership
Automobile Oriented Land Use Patterns
Less time spent in vehicle
City
Health
SUBURB
Economics
Community Environment
Maximizes importance / use of public space
Problem Field Diagram
Automobile Dependence Diagrams 74
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Changes in Summary Statistics on Demographics and Total Travel 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, and 1995 NPTS, and 2001 and 2009 NHTS 3.5
Indexed (1969=1.0)
3.0
2.5
2.0
Legend Vehicles Drivers Workers Households Persons
1.5
1.0 1969
1977
1983
1990
1995
2001
2009
Percent of Person Trips by Mode of Transportation and Trip Purpose 1990, and 1995 NPTS, and 2001 and 2009 NHTS Total
83.4% Family/Personal Errands
to/from Work
Work related business
91.4%
88%
School or Church
87.8%
Social and Recreational
70.7%
Legend Vehicles Transit Walk Other
76.9%
Trend in Household Distribution by Number of Household Vehicles 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, and 1995 NPTS, and 2001 and 2009 NHTS
4.6%
15.7%
22.7%
23.2%
19.1%
19.6%
80,000
19.2%
100,000
1990
96% percent of americans living in low density
9.2%
36.3%
37.2%
32.3%
1983
31.4%
1977
Legend
32.4%
1969
40.4%
38.4%
33.5%
32.8%
0
13.5% 33.7%
20,000
15.3% 34.6%
40,000
34.4%
26.4%
60,000
20.6% 48.4%
Number of Households (thousands)
120,000
8.1% 1995
8.1% 2001
8.7%
No Vehicle One Vehicle Two Vehicles Three or More
2009
61% percent of americans living in single detached home
american average: Drive 55 minutes per day Make 4 trips per day Drive 40 miles per day
National Statistics of Automobile Dependence Master Thesis Project
75
Natural Environment
Public space and architecture Infrastructure and Traffic
0M
20
0M
10
M
50 M
25
Parking Property Value and Vacancy
Separation of Functions
Low Density and Sprawl
Spatial Effects of Automobile Dependence-City
Lack of living opportunities
minimized tax revenue lack of diverse job opportunities
highly gentrified public space
Empty evenings and weeknights air pollution
Community
urban noise
no community
Health
Street Pollution
Economics large scale special events
0M
20
0M
10
M
50 M
25
Unsafe Feeling
Risk of being hit as pedestrian
Economics Health secondary expenses of automobile ownership
reduced walkability
Community not family friendly
economic trap
Socioeconomic Effects of Automobile Dependence-City
76
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
lack of proximity to amenities
minimal access without the car interstate barriers
low residential property value
Natural Environment
Infrastructure and Traffic
Low Density and Sprawl
0M
20
0M
10
M
50
M
25
Separation of Functions
Parking
Property Value and Vacancy
Public space and architecture
Spatial Effects of Automobile Dependence-Suburb
exclusivity becomes competition
extra expenses of owning a larger home owning multiple cars
minimal time with family
lack of interaction
Risk of an accident
constant car usage
Community
sedentary lifestyle
Health Economics
stress of vehicle operation
secondary expenses of automobile ownership
0M
20
0M
10
M
50
M
25
Economics Health minimal to no pedestrian options
cater to big brand stores branded architecture
Risk of being hit as pedestrian
consumer driven culture
Community
rarely going downtown
minimized tax revenue
mental disassociation with the city
Socioeconomic Effects of Automobile Dependence-Suburb
Master Thesis Project
77
(Louisville Population is 256,000)
(Louisville Density is 903/km2)
U.S. Cities By Population > 1,000,000 300,000 - 1,000,000 200,000 - 300,000 < 200,000
Average Commute in Louisville
U.S. Cities By Density
22 Min
> 5000/km2 3000/km2 - 4000/km2 2000/km2 - 3000/km2 1000/km2 - 2000/km2 < 1000/km2
(Average Commute in the U.S. 25.4 min)
Louisville Comparison to U.S. Cities
N
Urban Grid Center
Arterial Radiating Highways
N
Bisecting Interstate I-65
N
Waterfront Interstate I-71 and I-64
N
Interior Beltway I-264
N
N
Exterior Beltway and Arterial Highways I-265
Louisville infrastructure development 78
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Race 1940
Race 2010
Percent of Black alone
Percent of Black alone
(Social Explorer, 1940 Census)
(Social Explorer, 2010 Census)
Legend
Legend
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 30%
2 MI
30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% 90% to 95% > 95%
2 MI
Race 1940
Race 2010
Percent of White alone
Percent of White alone
(Social Explorer, 1940 Census)
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 30%
(Social Explorer, 2010 Census)
Legend
Legend
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 30%
2 MI
30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% 90% to 95% > 95%
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 30%
2 MI
30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% 90% to 95% > 95%
Property Value 1960
Property Value 2010
Percent of Owner Occupied Housing worth more than $15,000
Percent of Owner Occupied Housing worth more than $150,000
(Social Explorer, 1960 Census)
(Social Explorer, 2010 Census)
Legend
Legend
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 20%
2 MI
20% to 30% 30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% > 90%
Insuf. Data < 1% 1% to 5% 5% to 10% 10% to 15% 15% to 20%
2 MI
Population Density 1940
Population Density 2010
Number of people per square mile
Number of people per square mile
(Social Explorer, 1940 Census)
20% to 30% 30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% > 90%
(Social Explorer, 2010 Census)
Legend
2 MI
30% to 40% 40% to 60% 60% to 75% 75% to 90% 90% to 95% > 95%
<5 50 to 200 200 to 500 500 to 1K 1K to 3K 3K to 5K
Legend 5K to 7K 7K to 9K 9K to 15K >15K 2 MI
<5 50 to 200 200 to 500 500 to 1K 1K to 3K 3K to 5K
5K to 7K 7K to 9K 9K to 15K
Demographics Comparison of Louisville KY Master Thesis Project
79
Industrial Cities Typology 1910
80 1920
The Opportunity in the Vacancy 1930 1940 1950 1960
1920â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s - Motordom Movement 1970
Legend
automobile and oil Housing and social Infrastructure historic events
Walnut St. in 1942
Market St. in 1933
Muhammed Ali Blvd (Former Walnut St. ) at present
Market St. at present
1980 1990
Suburban Sprawl Typology
2000 2010
1960â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s - Urban Riots
The PRactice of Redlining
Garden Suburb War On Poverty
Howard, Uwin Wright, Ford, Corbusier
Modernism
Jane Jacobs VS. Robert Moses
Urban Regeneration
Post-Modernism Gehl, Rowe Duany, Plater-Zyberk, Speck
New Urbanism
History Of Automobile Dependence Timeline
Comparison Images
2008 - Stock market crash and housing crisis
1994 - nafta 1996 - PRWORA
1986 - Oil collapse
1974 - OPEC oil embargo
1971 - Desegregation busing
1968 - The fair housing act
1964 - The Civil Rights Act 1964 - The Economic Opportunity Act 1965 - Housing urban development department
1956 - The Federal Highway Act
1945 - WWII ends 1946 - Beginning of baby boom 1949 - Housing Act
1941 - U.S. enters WWII
1937 - Social Housing Act
1934 - Federal Housing Act- Federal Home Loans - M.I.D.
1933 - FDR's new deal
1929 - Beginning of great depression
1926 - Oil company depitition allowance
1922 - National City Lines
1908 - Mass production of model t
Legend Ohio River Lock and Dam Union Station Ford Motor Co Factory Location 1937 Flood Redlining ‘First Grade’ Redlining ‘Second Grade’ Redlining ‘Third Grade’ Redlining ‘Fourth Grade’ Industry Olmstead Parks Olmstead Parkways Street Car Route 1937 City Boundary
The Industrial location map City Legend History Of Automobile Dependence
N
Ohio Lock and Dam Body River of Water Union Street Station
Ford CoHighway Factory Location City The Industrial location map MajorMotor Road or
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
N
1937 Flood Interstate or Beltway Legend Redlining ‘First Grade’ Railroads Ohio Lock and Dam Body River of Water Redlining ‘Second Grade’ Union Station Street Redlining ‘Third Ford Motor CoHighway Factory Location Major RoadGrade’ or Redlining ‘Fourth 1937 Flood Interstate orGrade’ Beltway Industry Redlining ‘First Grade’ Railroads Olmstead Parks ‘Second Grade’ Redlining Olmstead Parkways Redlining ‘Third Grade’ Street Redlining Car Route‘Fourth Grade’ 1937 City Boundary Industry Olmstead Parks Olmstead Parkways Street Car Route 1937 City Boundary
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
Legend Rubbertown Bowman Field Ford Motor Co Factory Suburb Developments Civil Rights Protests Louisville Medical Center 1956 Urban Boundary Interstate 65, 64 and 71 Arterial Highways City Limits Bus Routes
Suburban Flight location map Legend Suburban Flight Rubbertown Body of Water
Bowman Street Field Ford CoHighway Factory Location MajorMotor Road or Suburb Developments Interstate or Beltway Civil Rights Protests Legend Railroads Louisville Center Rubbertown BodyMedical of Water Bowman Field Street Boundary 1956 Urban Ford CoHighway Factory Location MajorMotor Road or 1957 Harland Bartholemew ‘Slum Renewal’ Areas Suburb Developments Interstate or Beltway 1957 Harland Bartholemew Civil Rights Protests Land Use Railroads Louisville Medium DensityMedical HousingCenter High Density Housing 1956 Urban Boundary Low Density Housing
Suburban Flight location map
N
Interstate 65, 64 and 71 Arterial Highways City Limits Bus Routes Interstate 65, 64 and 71 Arterial Highways City Limits Bus Routes
1957 Harland Bartholemew Land Use Medium Density Housing High Density Housing Low Density Housing Commercial Industrial Semi-Public ‘Slum Renewal’ Areas
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
N
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
Master Thesis Project
81
Approximate size (2mi²) to accommodate the projected population growth by 2037 at a density high enough to support mass transit (50 dwellings per acre).
Approximate size (12mi²) to accommodate the Metropolitan population at a density high enough to support mass transit (50 dwellings per acre).
Metr opo lit an
Are a
of
39 7 sq
Approximate size (14mi²) to accommodate future Metropolitan population at a density high enough to support mass transit (50 dwellings per acre).
MI d an
ty of 4 dwellings per a densi cre tion ula pop
Population = 767,355 (approx 383,678 dwellings)
Louisville Density Diagram
Suburb
INTERSTATE
0M
20
0M
BODY OF WATER
10
M
50 M
25
urb Sub
Rin g
0M
20
d roa
City C en
0M
10
ter
0M
5 M
25
M
200
0M
10
50M M
25
0M
20
0M
10
Sub u
M
50 M
25
rb
City/Suburb Relationship Diagram 82
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Like most American cities, Louisville must reduce vehicle miles traveled. Cars will remain the dominate mode of transport, but there is opportunity to shift short trips away from cars. Shifting these trips can have broad impacts on our health, air quality, built environment and connectivity. Move Louisville represents a vision and action plan for transportation policy and investment for Louisville Metro. The Plan provides a path to a healthy, connected and sustainable transportation network that encourages investment, growth and prosperity.
6
Exerpt from Louisville Municipality Document 1. Must consider not only transportation but also destination. Where are people going and why?
2. As the use of cars goes down the use of public space goes up.
A
3. As long as the origin of trips is located outside of the city car use cannot truly be reduced.
B
Ca
A
r Private Space
City Center
B
A
A
A
B
A
B
B
B
Public Space
B
A
B
A B
A
B
B
City Center B
A B A
B
Replacing cars with small trips means relocating destinations in relation to the type of transit use.
In order to get people out of their cars Considering public space and accommodating the pedestrian scale is critical.
Attracting inhabitants from the suburb into the city is critical to support public space and reduce car use.
Key Ideas Diagram Master Thesis Project
83
Natural Environment Legend Tree Canopy Natural Areas Parks Watersheds (Various)
84
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
N
Unstable Soil Steep Slopes Floodway and Flood Plan Wetlands Potential Wetlands (Hydric Soil)
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
N
0 KM
2.5 KM
5 KM
10 KM
20 KM
0 mi
1.5 mi
3.1 mi
6.2 mi
12.4 mi
Urban Character Legend
Vacant Properties Owned by the Municipality and for Sale Historic Properties Urban Renewal Areas Historic Districts Suburbs
Form Districts Industry Traditional Marketplace Corridor Downtown Traditional Neighborhood Campus Regional Center Town Center Suburban Market Corridor Village Center Village Suburban Work Place Neighborhood Urban Boundary Urban Neighborhoods
Master Thesis Project
85
Variety of activities play areas separate from cars
less time traveling
Variety of transit options
commute without driving
interaction between neighbors
Pedestrian paths, smaller blocks and Closer Functions
0M
20
0M
10
minimizing driving teens
M
50 5M
2
Variety of housing allows for community continuity and inclusiveness
walking reduces carbon footprint
Active streets increases security through observation
Smaller high quality Homes with low maintenance gardens
Less money on travel expenses and housing necessities
Use Less Energy per person
Public Parks and green spaces nearby
Alternative Axon Diagram 86
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
High Density Mixed Use
City
District
Zoning redevelopment
Neighborhood zoning
Zoning changes that allow for variety of program and increased density.
Subdividing districts to a smaller scale neighborhoods to create guides for form and function at the street level.
Zoning Redevelopment
Live
Outer limit to expansive growth to protect the natural environment and reinforce infill development. This is typically a state legislation.
Smart growth policies and incentives
Work Play
Incentives promoting renovation, economic breaks for companies, and living close to where you work.
Home
Apartment
Own
rent
%
%
%
%
s
Metro
bu bike k
wal
Urban Renewal
Multiple transit options. distance guides
Vulnerable area identification
Green Space
Development Policies and incentives
Isolation from Major Streets
variety of activity
Locating public space in terms of user location and groups.
A long term scheme for public transit allows for functional success and future development.
Car Lane
Bike path
sidewalk
Pedestrian and cycling safety
Continuous Frontages
Provision of dividers between cars and pedestrians and cyclists ensures protection on streets and allows for better function of all transit types.
Continuous frontages maintains interest and promotes walkability.
Pedestrian and cycling Safety
continuous Frontages
Cycling and Pedestrian Network
Clear Signage
Standard guides for streets that create a connective functional network of sidewalks and bike lanes.
Signage assists with safety and understanding of street usage.
cycling and pedestrian network
Clear signage
Parking Policy Transition
Walkability
Parking policy transition plans allows for a gradual shift away from car use in conjunction with development.
Subdivision of blocks and hierarchy of streets creates ease of walking within the district.
Policies requiring multiple transit options be available at a certain distance from any location.
slow
Coverage at public transit stops
Principles include reducing speed, smaller lanes, 2-way streets, and adding visibility barriers to control the effect of cars on street safety.
Requirements of weather protection at all public transit stops to improve usage. coverage at public transit stops
Traffic Calming principles
Rent Control and Social Housing
Prioritization of areas of high risk in need of assistance, for example, low property value, high crime, or low job opportunities.
Policies that protect the rental market to keep areas affordable, and integrate social housing within urban neighborhoods.
Rent Control and social housing
developer
community
Providing collaborative investment opportunities allows for developers to fund projects within areas of high property value.
Collaborative investment
Neighborhood
Structure
Fire Code
Occupancy
Minimal Construction Development policies that bring abandoned buildings up to code in order to be reused and re-purposed.
Minimal Construction
Collaborative investment
municipality
Policies and classes that change the rules of right-or-way from cars to pedestrians and cyclists at certain types of intersections.
Traffic Calming Principles
Vulnerable area identification
Policies that provide economic incentive for the use and development of property in vulnerable areas.
2
1
Multiple Transit Options, distance guides
Development Policies and Incentives
Pedestrian and Cycling Right of Way 3
pedestrian and cycling right of way
walkability
Cafe
office Event Space
workshops
Studios
Temporary infill and collaborative uses
Temporary infill and collaborative uses Collaborative functional spaces provided to startups for minimal cost to generate activity.
Functional Redevelopment
Density Infill
Phasing plan that removes functions that do not fit within the context of the existing urban character.
Zoning and policy changes that allow for additional units to be added to properties to increase property value, activity and density.
functional Redevelopment
Density infill
Park scheme and protected areas
Green streets
Permeable surfaces
Policies that generate green infrastructures within the urban context, and protect natural areas.
Policies and guides that require the addition of greenery along streets to enhance street quality.
The use of permeable surfaces assists with water runoff and eases walkability.
Park Scheme and protected areas
Permeable surfaces
Green Streets
Air quality and heat island policies Policies to assist air quality, flow and heat. Air Quality and Heat Island policies
Flood Zone
secondary Flood Zone
body of water
Natural Disaster prevention initiatives
locations to pause
Orienting public spaces away from cars creates more pleasurable public spaces and opportunities.
developer
historic preservation
Providing public seating for rest and observation increases street activity and promotes walkability.
Isolation from Major Streets
Public transit Connection Plan
deduction opportunities
Locations to Pause
Generating a connection between different smaller public spaces.
Activity during various hours ensures community stability and assists safety.
Policies that coordinate public transit proposals directly with the connection of vulnerable areas.
community interaction
Public space network
Marketing scheme to generate interest and activity, and change the perception of inhabitants.
Public Transit Connection Plan
infill requirements
A new focus on walkability means locating functions within a reasonable distance.
Variety of Activity
Industry
Public space Transportation Plan
car
Accessibility And Walkability
Requiring housing variety through policy and percentage. This assists community stability and choice.
Public space network
Parking policy Transition
et
Complete Blocks
Housing Variety
Event planning and marketing
Public Transit Phasing and Scheme
stre
Policies that require new developments to have complete activation of the street, and omit large expanses of space in front of buildings.
accessibility and walkability
Large scale plan of generating spaces void of car activity.
Consideration of User and Accessibility
Public Transit Phasing Scheme
Complete Blocks
Policies that guide the provision of necessities and amenities within a area.
housing Variety
event planning and marketing
consideration of user and accessibility
Guides that direct historic preservation, facade protection and require pedestrian interaction and frontage.
Functional Requirement Policies
Necessities
Automobile Free Public space scheme
event
facade and urban character guides
functional Requirement Policies
Urban Growth boundary
Automobile free public space scheme
Facade and Urban Character Guides
neighborhood Zoning
Urban growth boundary
Smart Growth Policies and Incentives
Neighborhood
Connection to parks
Green Interventions
Policies and guides that promote easy access to smaller green spaces and parks.
Interventions such as green roofs, walls and balconies provides green interaction often sought out in the suburban typology.
Connection to parks
Natural disaster prevention initiatives Policies and developments that account for natural events such as flooding.
Recreation opportunities
Green interventions
Recreation opportunities
Gardening and Biodiversity
Providing a variety within green spaces by adding recreational functions, such as sports activities.
Developments of community gardens provides interaction and biodiversity adds to the natural appeal of an area.
Gardening and biodiversity
Spatial Framework Matrix Master Thesis Project
87
Downtown Three Criteria Analysis Axon
portland
Shawnee
Butchertown
Russell
Central Business District
Phoenix Hill
chickasaw parkland
California Smoketown Jackson
Limerick
Old Louisville
Park Hill
Shelby Park
paristown pointe
Germantown
park duvalle
Algonquin
Merriwether Schnitzelburg
Hallmark
University Saint Joseph
Audubon
Taylor Berry
South Louisville
Fairgrounds
Wilder Park Wyandotte / oakdale
Criteria 1 Legend Interstate Bus Route Major Street
N
0 M
500 M
1 kM
2 kM
4 kM
0 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
1.2 mi
2.5 mi
Criteria 2 Legend Zoning - Industrial (Various)
N
Zoning - Commercial (Various)
Zoning - Waterfront (Various) Zoning - Office (Various)
Downtown Three Criteria Layer Maps 88
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Zoning - Interstate Neighborhood Boundary
0 M
500 M
1 kM
2 kM
4 kM
0 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
1.2 mi
2.5 mi
Zoning - Residential (Various)
Criteria 3 Legend Major City Functions
N
0 M
500 M
1 kM
2 kM
4 kM
0 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
1.2 mi
2.5 mi
portland
Shawnee
Butchertown
Russell
Central Business District
Phoenix Hill
chickasaw parkland
California Smoketown Jackson
Limerick
Old Louisville
Park Hill
Shelby Park
paristown pointe
Germantown
park duvalle
Algonquin
Merriwether Schnitzelburg
Hallmark
University Saint Joseph
Audubon
Taylor Berry
South Louisville
Fairgrounds
Wilder Park Wyandotte / oakdale
Conclusion Legend Density Increase Urban Corridor - Street car Route Urban Axis - Metro Line Urban Corridor Intersection Urban Axis Intersection
N
0 M
500 M
1 kM
2 kM
4 kM
0 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
1.2 mi
2.5 mi
Downtown three criteria Conclusion map Master Thesis Project
89
CBD Three Criteria Analysis Axon
TOURIST
and mus eum BOURBON
DISTRICT
Urban Ren ewal-N
4th st. live-Night
Life
ULU
Criteria 1 Legend Major Parking Areas Interstate Major Streets Secondary Streets Tertiary Streets Alley Ways and Small Streets Bus Route Bus Stop with Shelter Bus Stop without Shelter
N
0 KM
100 M
200 M
500 M
1 KM
0 mi
328 ft
656 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
Criteria 2 Legend Commercial Tourist Civic Residential Office Health Recreational Park
CBD Three Criteria Layer Maps 90
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
N
0 KM
100 M
200 M
500 M
1 KM
0 mi
328 ft
656 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
Criteria 3 Legend Major Event Spaces High Rise Buildings Tree Line Parks Active Districts
N
0 KM
100 M
200 M
500 M
1 KM
0 mi
328 ft
656 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
TOURIST
and muse um BOURBON
DISTRICT
Urban R enewal-
4th st. live-Nig ht
Life
NULU
Conclusion Legend New Focal Points for Development
N
0 KM
100 M
200 M
500 M
1 KM
0 mi
328 ft
656 ft
1640 ft
3281 ft
Central Business District three criteria Conclusion Master Thesis Project
91
9th st analysis Criteria 1 Criteria 1 Legend Legend Parking Lot Lot Parking Above Ground Parking Structure Above Ground Parking Structure Below Ground Parking Structure Below Ground Parking Structure Interstate Interstate Interstate Direction Interstate Direction Street Direction Pedestrian Route Street Direction Bike Share Station Pedestrian Route BusBike StopShare Station
Bus Stop
92
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
0 KM N N 0 KM 0 mi0 mi
50 50 M M
100 100 M M
200200 M M
300 300 M M
164 164 ft ft
328 328 ft ft
656656 ft ft
984 984 ft ft
0 KM N Criteria 2 50 M
100 M
200 M
300 M
0 mi Legend Week Days Office Civic Bank Education
328 ft
656 ft
984 ft
164 ft
Weekend and Evenings Tourist Residential Constant (Minimal) Fine Arts Venue Food Commercial Services
Vacant Mixed Use
N
0 KM
50 M
100 M
0 mi
164 ft
328 ft
M 300 M 9th st200analysis Criteria 2 656 ft
Vacant Mixed Use
984 ft
Legend Week Days Office Civic Bank Education Weekend and Evenings Tourist Residential Constant (Minimal) Fine Arts Venue Food Commercial Services
Master Thesis Project
93
9th st analysis Criteria 3 Criteria 3 Legend Legend Sidewalks Sidewalks Parks Parks Public Space Public Space Strong Facade Strong Facade Average Facade Average Facade Poor Facade Poor Facade No Facade
No Facade
94
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
0 KM N N 0 KM
0 mi0 mi
50 50 M M
100100 M M
200200 M M
300300 M M
164 164 ft ft
328328 ft ft
656656 ft ft
984 984 ft ft
0 KM 50 M 100 M N Conclusion CBD Neighborhood Base Map
200 M
300 M
Legend 0 mi
656 ft
984 ft
164 ft
New Ohio Connections River Focus Area Buildings Parking Sidewalk Tree Canopy Road Interstate Street Center Lines
328 ft
N
0 KM
50 M
100 M
0 mi
164 ft
328 ft
M 300 M 9th st 200analysis Conclusion 656 ft
984 ft
Legend
New Connections Focus Area
Master Thesis Project
95
Demo Axon Legend Parking Lots Parking Structures or Buildings
Demo Plan Legend Parking Lots Parking Structures or Buildings Tree Canopy
k Plan Base Map hborhood
e re or Frontage elopment ynd Cycling Route er Lines king Lanes err Street Lines Car Median
96
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
0 KM 100 M Demo Plan 50 M CBDN Neighborhood Base Map 0 mi 164 ft 328 ft Legend Parking Lots Ohio River Parking BuildingsStructures or Buildings Tree Canopy Parking Sidewalk Tree Canopy Road Interstate Street Center Lines
200 M
300 M
656 ft
984 ft
N
0 KM
50 M
100 M
200 M
300 M
0 mi
164 ft
328 ft
656 ft
984 ft
Functions Commercial/retail Residential apt and condo Residential Home Office
New Work Axon Legend Commercial/Retail Residential Apt and Condo Residential Home Office
New Work Plan Legend Buildings Green Space Public Square or Frontage Facade Development Pedestrian and Cycling Route Street Center Lines Paralell Parking Lanes Bike Lane or Street Car Median
New Work Plan Base Map CBD Neighborhood Legend Buildings Ohio River Green Space Buildings Public ParkingSquare or Frontage Facade SidewalkDevelopment Pedestrian and Cycling Route Tree Canopy Street Road Center Lines Paralell Parking Lanes Interstate Bike or Street StreetLane Center Lines Car Median
N
0 KM
50 M
100 M
200 M
300 M
0 mi
164 ft
328 ft
656 ft
984 ft
Master Thesis Project
97
22nd
15th
Interstate
26th
Interstate
35th
Railroad
Railroad
Interstate
41st
9th
3rd
Residential
Floyd
Clay commercial
Sidewalk
Parallel Parking
Car Lane
Car Lane
Parallel Parking
Sidewalk
41st to 22nd street
Sidewalk
Parallel Parking
Bike Lane
Car Lane
Turn Lane
Car Lane
Bike Lane
Parallel Parking
Sidewalk
22nd street to 10th Street Sidewalk
Parallel Parking
Car Lane
Car Lane
Car Lane
Car Lane
Parallel Parking
Sidewalk
Car Lane
Car Lane
Car Lane
Car Lane
Parallel Parking
Sidewalk
10th Street to Floyd
Sidewalk
Parallel Parking
Floyd to Clay street
Market Street corridor analysis 98
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
market st.
41st st.
34th st.
26th st.
6th st.
Legend Zoning - Industrial (Various)
22nd st.
3rd st.
15th st.
Floyd st.
clay st.
0 M
Zoning - Commercial (Various)
Zoning - Residential (Various)
9th st.
100M
200M
0 ft 328ft 656ft
500 M
1 kM
1640 ft
3281 ft
Zoning - Waterfront (Various) Zoning - Office (Various)
Zoning - Interstate
Parking Lots
0 M
500 M
1 kM 3281 ft 4 kM Master Thesis Project
Market Street Parking zoning corridor analysis
0 ft
1640 ft
2.5 mi
99
Phase 1 Legend Street Hierarchy
Buildings Parking Lots
Phase 2 Legend Street Hierarchy
Secondary Network Buildings Parking Lots New Districts
Phase 3 Legend Street Hierarchy
Secondary Network Buildings Parking Lots New Districts New Buildings
District Phasing Diagram 100
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Pedestrian Cycling Street
Minimum Construction
functional Requirements
Facade Guidelines
Phase 1 Greenery
Collaborative uses
Temporary activities
Function Development
Phase 2
Housing Variety
Regular Activity
Phase 3
Infill Development
Established locations
Alleyway Phasing Diagram Master Thesis Project
101
5 ft
8 ft
10 ft
10 ft
15 ft
5 ft
Tram or street car
Bike Lane
60 ft or 18.2 m
Sidewalk
Bike Lane
Parallel Parking
Car Lane
Car Lane
Sidewalk
Street Section-ProposedUrban Corridor Street Section Proposed Urban Corridor
5 ft
8 ft
10 ft
10 ft
5 ft
Car Lane
Bike Lane
40 ft or 12.2 m
Sidewalk
Bike Lane
Parallel Parking
Street Section Proposed Car street Street Section-Proposed - Car1 Street 1 102
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Car Lane
Sidewalk
5 ft
10 ft
10 ft
5 ft
40 ft or 12.2 m
Sidewalk
Bike Lane
Car Lane
Car Lane
Street Section Proposed- Car Street 2
Bike Lane
Sidewalk
Street Section Proposed - Car street 2
10 ft
10 ft
20 ft or 6 m
Renovated Frontage
Pedestrian and cycling path
Street Section Proposed - pedestrian cycling StreetStreet
Developed Lot
Section Proposed - Pedestrian and cycling Street Master Thesis Project
103
Plan of New Public Square
Section of New Public Square 104
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
N
0 KM
10 M
25 M
50 M
0 mi
33 ft
82 ft
164 ft
Conceptual Rendering
0 KM
10 M
25 M
50 M
0 mi
33 ft
82 ft
164 ft
Master Thesis Project
105
Exterior Rendering
106
The Opportunity in the Vacancy
Master Thesis Project
107