VI J AY AWADA, ANDHRAPRADE S H I NDI A
R E P O R T HOUS I NGCONT E XT SANDS I T E S BAT CH201520 B. Ar c h| VI I S emes t er Da t ed: Oc t01, 2018
# Cel ebr a t i ngAr c hi t ec t ur e # Wor l dAr c hi t ec t ur eDa y
FOREWORD& ACKNOWLEDGEMENT T hi sr epor ti sr el a t edt ot hea c a demi cpr oj ec twor kdonebyt hes t udent sofS c hoolof Pl a nni nga ndAr c hi t ec t ur e , Vi j a y a wa da( VI IS emes t erB. Ar c h. )f ort hei rs ubj ec tAr c hi t ec t ur a l Des i gn, t het hemeofwhi c h, i sGr oupHous i ng. F i v edi ffer entc ont e x t sha v ebeeni dent ied, r el a t edt ohous i ngs c ena r i oofVi j a y a wa da ,i nt hes t a t eofAndhr aPr a des h,I ndi a ,a ndea c h gr oupha v es omet hi ngt os a ya boutt hewor k , t hey’ v edones of a r , f ort hi ss ubj ec t . hi sr epor ti sa nout c omeoft her ev i ew c onduc t edwi t hs pec icr ef er enc et ot heWor l d T Ar c hi t ec t ur eDa y ,wher ei nt hec l a s s r oom l ea r ni ngsa r et r i edt obei nt egr a t edwi t ht he ev er v i br a ntt hemeofHous i ng. T hepr ogr es sofwor kt ha ti sdonebyea c hs etofs t udent s r ef er r i ngt ot her es pec t i v ec ont e x t si sc ont a i nedi nt hepa gest ha tf ol l owsi nt hi sr epor t , a l ong wi t ht hedes i gnbr i efpr epa r edbyt hec onc er neds t udi oc oor di na t or s , i nt hebegi nni ng. how ourhea r t i es tgr a t i t udet oours ubj ec tment or s ,f orgui di ngust hr oughoutt he Wes j our neys of a r , a ndgi v i ngust heoppor t uni t yt oe x pl or et hec i t yofVi j a y a wa dak eepi ngt he t hemeofhous i ngi nmi nd, s ot ha twe ’ r ea bl et oc ompi l ei ta sar epor tt oda y .
# Cel ebr a t i ngAr c hi t ec t ur e # Wor l dAr c hi t ec t ur eDa y
DE S I GNBRI E FF ORT HES T UDI O
CONT E XT S&S I T E SF ORGROUPHOUS I NGDE S I GN
DESI GNBRI EF VI I SEMESTERSTUDI O B. ARCH. | 1VYEAR
SI TES&CONTEXTS CHOSEN GROUPHOUSI NGDESI GN
1
F ar m onRi v er–TheAgr oCommuni t y T hec a pi t a l c i t yof Ama r a v a t i onc ea c t eda st hegr eenes tmul t i c r opf a r ml a ndswhi c hnowi sbei ng dev el opedi nt oac i t ywi t hbui l tf or msoc c upy i ngt hel a ndoft hef a r mer s . T hepeopl edes pi t e get t i ngt hel a ndel s ewher ec a nnotdev el opt hes a mes ens eofbel ongi ngnes st ot ha tpl a c e . T hey a r ec ons c i ous l yorunc ons c i ous l ya s s oc i a t edwi t ht ha tl oc a l i t yt hr oughc ompl e xbundl eof mea ni ngs ,s y mbol sa ndqua l i t i es .T hema i npur pos eoft hedes i gni st ogi v eba c kt hel os t c ommuni t yt ot hepeopl e . T hedes i gna l s ot r i est ogi v et hes i t ea ni dent i t yofi t sownbypr ov i di ngapl a t f or m wher epeopl e c a ne x per i enc eahea l t hyl i f es t y l ewi t hi nt hegr eenc ov er . T hi sc ul t ur er es pons i v ehous i ngt hus a c t sa sal i v i nge x per i enc es ur r oundedbyt hedy na mi cel ement . T hes i t ei ss i t ua t edont he i s l a ndsa dj a c entt ot hei nt er s ec t i ngnodeoft het wor i v er s–Kr i s hnaa ndGoda v a r i . T hes i t ei s c hos ennea rt ot hepr opos edbr i dget of a c i l i t a t ec onnec t i v i t yt ot hei s l a nds . T hebr i dge c onnec t sI br a hi mpa t na mt ot hepr opos edc i t yoft heAma r a v a t i . T hef er t i l ei s l a ndwi l l notonl ypr omot eahea l t hyl i f es t y l et hr ought hea gr i c ul t ur a l pr a c t i c esbut a c ta sac ul t ur a l huba t t r a c t i ngt het our i s t s . T hedes i gnt a r get st het our i s t st ol ett hem e x per i enc et hec ommuni t yenv i r onmentbyget t i ngi nv ol v edwi t ht hel oc a l peopl e . T hedes i gn l et st hem t obeapa r toft hec ommuni t yr a t hert ha nv i s ua l l yk nowi nga bouti twhi c hs t a y si nt he memor yoft het our i s t s . T hewa t eri ni t i a t est hedev el opmentoft her i v er f r onta c t i nga s r ec r ea t i ons pa c ef ort hepeopl ebypr omot i ngwa t ers por t sa ndi nc r ea s i ngt hewa t ert r a ns por t . T hei s l a nda l s oi nc or por a t est her et i r ementhous eswhi c ha r ey ett obei ni t i a t edi nt he Ama r a v a t i Ma s t er pl a nhous i ngt heol dergener a t i ont or et a i na na c t i v ec ommuni t yl i f es t y l e t hr ought hei nt er v ent i onofa c t i v i t i eswhi c henga gesi nt hec ommuni t y . T hedes i gna i mst obui l da nenv i r onment a l r es pons i v et our i s mt ogi v eba c kt ot hes oc i et ya nd pr es er v et hei rc ul t ur ebygi v i ngt hem a noppor t uni t yt opr a c t i c ei nt ha t el da ga i n. T hei deai s t obr i ngba c kt heI ndi a nt y pol ogyofga r denst ha tonc ee x i s t eda ndl etpeopl ee x per i enc et he c ul t ur a l l a nds c a pebybei ngapa r tofi t .
S I T ECHOS E NANDS URROUNDI NGS
2
Aut ona ga rT heI ndus t r i a l Ar eaof Vi j a y a wa da Vi j a y a wa da , bei ngoneoft hei ndus t r i a l s ec t orofAndhr aPr a des hha sl edt oov er a l l dev el opment . T heI ndus t r i espl a yt hemos tdomi na ntpa r ti nt heec onomyoft hec i t y . I tc ont r i but emuc ht ot he i ndus t r i a l s c ena r i ooft hes t a t e . T hei ndus t r i a l a r ea soft hec i t yhous enumer ousma nuf a c t ur i ng pl a nt sa ndf a c t or i es . T het woi ndus t r i a l es t a t esa r e: •T heI ndus t r i a l E s t a t ea tKonda pa l l i . I ti sonl y16Kmsf r om t hehea r toft hec i t y . I tc ov er sa na r ea of439Ac r eswi t h620i ndus t r i a l pl ot s . •T heAut oNa ga rI ndus t r i a l E s t a t e . L y i ngi nt heea s t er nf r i ngesoft hec i t y , i ti sv er yc l os et o Pa t a ma t a . c ov er i nga na r eaof340Ac r es , t hees t a t epr ov i des hel t ert oma nys ma l l a ndmedi um i ndus t r i a l uni t s . Aut oNa ga rI ndus t r i a l E s t a t ewhi c hwa ses t a bl i s hedl ongba c ki n1966ha sbeendev el opi ngov er t i me , l ea di ngt ot hedev el opmentoft hec i t y . T hei nf r a s t r uc t ur edev el opmentoft hi ss ec t ori s underpr oc es s . T heundul a t edr oa dswhi c hwa soneoft hebi gi s s uei nt hi ss ec t ora r ebei ng r epl a c edbynewl yc ons t r uc t edr oa ds .
T he Aut omobi l ei ndus t r i a ls ec t or r equi r es L ook i nga ta l l t hes ea s pec t s , t her ewa saneedf or di ffer entc l a s s esofwor k er ss uc ha sDa i l ywa ge a ffor da bl ehous i ngt obea ddr es s eds omewher e wor k er s( Wel der s ,L a bour er s ) ,Mont hl ywa ge nea rt o Aut o Na ga rwhi c h woul d ul t i ma t el y wor k er s( E qui pment oper a t or ,s uper v i s i or s ,l es s ent het r a v el t i mea ndt husi mpr ov et hewor k f a br i c a t or s )a nd c ont r a c tba s ed wor k er st o effic i enc y .T hewor k i ngs ec t ornotonl yi nv ol v e f unc t i on pr oper l y .T heyc omef r om di ffer entwor k er sbuta l s oowner swi t hdi ffer entl ev elof pl a c es .F ew oft hem a r e Pa t a ma t a ( 1. 3k m) ,i nc omes . Keepi ngt hi si nmi nd, di ffer entl ev elof Guna da l a ( 5. 5k m) , Bha r t hi Na ga r ( 2. 5k m) ,hous i ng ha st o be under t a k en whi c h woul d Ay y a ppaNa ga r ( 1. 9k m) , Ra ma v a r a pa du( 3. 8k m) ,i nc l udeEWS ,L I G,MI Ga ndHMI G.Ot herf a c t or s T ul a s iNa ga r ( 1. 2k m) ,As hokNa ga r ( 2k m) ,E l ur us uc ha sl a c k ofgr een s pa c eswhi c hi sv er y Roa d( 7. 6k m) , et c . S omeoft hem a ffor dst ol i v e es s ent i a lf orapl a c el i k eAut o Na ga rc a n be nea r bybutma nyoft hem s t i l lha v et ot r a v ela ddr es s edbyi nc or por a t i ngi twi t ht hehous i ng l ongt or ea c ht hewor kpl a c e . pr oj ec t .T he hous i ng env i r onmentha st o be T heneedf orhous i ngf ort hewor k er sha sy etma i nt a i nedbyi nc or por a t i ngt he owi ngwi nda s notbeena ddr es s edeffec t i v el ya ndeffic i ent l y .amedi um t oov er c omet hepol l ut i onl ev el oft he Ma ny newl yc ons t r uc t ed hot el sa nd s ome pl a c e . hous i ngpr oj ec t sha v ec omeupbutnoneofT he wor k er sa nd owner sc omi ng f r om f a r t hem a r ea ffor da bl ebywor k i ng popul a t i on.di s t a nc es br i ng t hei rown v ehi c l es .L a c k of T hes hor t a geofa ffor da bl ehous i ngnea rt ot he pa r k i ngl ea dst oc onges t i oni nf r ontof t hes hops . wor k pl a c ema k est hem t r a v elmor ea ndhenc e“ Wa l kt owor k ” c onc eptha st obei nc or por a t edt o a l s o dec r ea s est hei rwor keffic i enc y .Butt o gi v et hem abet t ert r a v ele x per i enc ea nda l s o r es i dei nAut oNa ga ri snots omet hi ngwha ti sl es s ent hec onges t i onc a us edont her oa ds i des a ppr ec i a t edbyt hem. T hepol l ut i onl ev el ma k es duet oons t r eetpa r k i ng. t hepl a c eenv i r onmentv ul ner a bl ef orhous i ng.
“ Thebe t t e rl i v i ngc ondi t i onst he yhav et hebe t t e r t hec i t yasawhol ewoul dde v e l op. ”
3
Bes antRoadThePeopl e ’ sMar ket T hedy na mi cz oneofBes a ntr oa dha sr ema i nedt hebus i es tc ent r eoft r a dea ndc ommer c e , buz z i ngwi t ha c t i v i t i es , a ndpi v ot i ngt hec ommer c i a l hus t l ef orc ent ur i es . T hi ss t r et c h c onnec t i ngt het woma i na x i sof Vi j a y a wa da , ha snumer ousa dv a nt a ges . Apa r tf r om bei ngt he c ommer c i a l hub, ent er t a i nmentf oundi t swa yont ot hel i v esoft hepeopl eof Vi j a y a wa da t hr ought hec i nemat hea t r esa ndea t er i est ha tpoppedupi nt hi sr egi on. T hi shi ghl ya c c es s i bl ea nd v i br a ntc ent er , hous esa r a ngeofc ommodi t i est ha t oner equi r esa ta or da bl e pr i c es . T hi si ndi r ec t l y c ont r i but est ot he oa t i ng popul a t i onofa bout5l a k hs ona na v er a geweek end, ma j or i t ybei ngf r om t he L I Gsa ndMI Gs . Apa r tf r om t hi s , t hes pa c e i t s el fi sa ne x a mpl eof or ga ni z edc ha os . Aswe mov ea l ongt hegr i di r on pa t t er neds t r eet s , we nd nea t l ya r r a ngedpoc k et sof c ommer c i a l t y pol ogi es a nk i ngei t hers i desoft hi s s t r et c h.Ov ert i me , t he hous est ha te x i s t edha v e a l s obeenc onv er t edi nt o s hopsi nor dert oc a t ert o t heneedoft hi s c ommer c i a l c ent r e . As s t udent soft heVI I s emes t er , wea i mt or ev i v e t hehous i nga s pec toft hi s mi x ed-us es ec t or .
4
Y enamal akudur uTheMar gi nal i s edPar tof Vi j a y a wada Vi j a y a wa da ,a pa r toft he upc omi ng c a pi t a l Ama r a v a t hi , ha sbeendev el opi nga tqui t eaf a s t r a t e . Y et , t heneedf orhous i ngt obea ddr es s ed effec t i v el ya ndeffic i ent l yr ema i nsama mmot h t a s k .Wi t ha ffor da bl ehous i ngs t i l lr ema i ni nga di s t a ntdr ea m, mor et ha n25%of t hepopul a t i on r es i desi ns l umsa c r os st hec i t y ,ma i nl ya l ong c a na l bundsa ndhi l l s i des . T hough t he gov er nment dev i s ed s ev er a l s c hemesa nd pl a nst o gi v es hel t ert ot hes e peopl e ,ea c honef el lofl i k eac a s t l eofc a r ds . Noneoft hes c hemesc oul ds uc c es s f ul l yha ndl e t he peopl ea nd pr omi s et hem a s t ea dy l i v el i hood. Ar el ev a ntc a s e , i nt hev er yc i t yof Vi j a y a wa da , i s Y a na ma l a k udur u.Av a i l a bi l i t y ofj obs i nt he pr i nt i ngpr es sdur i ngt he1980s ,s a w al a r ge i n ux of peopl ei nt ot hi sl i t t l et own of Y a na ma l a k udur u. Y a na ma l a k udur u,av i l l a get owni nVi j a y a wa da l i esa l ongt heBa nda rCa na l . T hi sc a na l f r ontha s now been dec l a r ed a senc r oa c hed upon by t hes epeopl e .Ai di ngt obea ut i f y i ngpr oc es sof t hec i t y ,t hegov er nmentdr ea msofha v i nga gr een bel ta l ong t hec a na la nd wa nt st hes e peopl et ober el oc a t edi mmedi a t el y . Wi t hf a l s e hopes ofbei ng r el oc a t ed s ha t t er ed,t hes e peopl es t a yi nt hef ea rofev i c t i on;t heydonot k nowwhom t ot ur nt of orhel p. Mor et ha n4000 f a mi l i ess t a ya c r os st hi ss t r et c h. T hemea nder i ng c a na ls et st hemi c r oc l i ma t eoft hepl a c e;c ool br eez es a nd a l ower a v er a ge t emper a t ur e c ompa r edt ot her es toft hec i t y .
Mos toft hes l um dwel l er sea r nal i v i ngf r om s ma l l s t a l l sa nds hopsa l ongt hehi ghwa yr unni ng pa r a l l el t ot hes t r et c h. Mor eov er , y ea r sofl i v i ng, ha v ec r ea t eda nemot i ona l c onnec t i ont ot he pl a c ewhi c hi si mpos s i bl et or ec r ea t ei na nyr el oc a t i onpr ogr a mme . T hi swa sama j orr ea s on behi ndt hef a i l ur eofma nyhous i ngs c hemeswhi c hha dhous i ngi nt heout s k i r t soft hec i t y a wa yf r om a l l t hebuz za ndpeopl e . Rel oc a t i onwoul dmea nahugedi s r upt i oni nt hei rl i v esa nd t os t a r tov er ;a l lonc ea ga i n.Ma nyoft hem,whowor ki nt hepr ox i mi t y ,woul dl os ej obst hus pus hi ng t hem f ur t herdown t hepov er t yl i ne .A r edev el opments c heme ,wov en c l ev er l y k eepi ngi nmi ndt her es t r i c t i onsa ndl a wsoft hec ount r y , i swha tc oul dk eept hepeopl eha ppy a ndunderar oof . T hebui l di ngby l a wsoft hes t a t er es t r i c ta nyc ons t r uc t i oni nt he9m z onea l ongt hec a na l . T he undul a t i ngs t r et c hc ur r ent l yoc c upi edbyt hes l umdwel l er st huss hr i nk sev enmor el ea v i ngv er y l i t t l es c opef orr edev el opment .Henc e ,dec k i nga ndc a nt i l ev er i ngupons t i l t spr ov i desa na pt s ol ut i ont ot hedes i gnpr obl em.Apr opos a lt ha twi l lbet a i l orma des ol ut i onma k i ngi t swa y t hr ought hel oophol esi nt heby l a wsa ndot herr es t r i c t i ons . T heor ga ni cna t ur eoft hes i t ec a l l sf ora nor ga ni cpr ot ot y pi ngt ec hni que . F i v edi ffer entT et r i s bl oc kc ons i s t i ngof5dwel l i nguni t sof25m2a r ea , ea c hc ombi nedt of or mt hei rowni nt er na l c our t y a r dsa ndni c heswi l ls pr ea douta l ongt hes t r et c h. T hes t i l t sa ndc a nt i l ev er sens ur et he i n owofc ool br eez esf r om t hec a na l a l l a l ongk eepi ngt hec a na l v i ewf r om t her oa dc l ea r . Oneofi t spa r t si sRa ma l i nges wa r aNa ga r ,t hes et t l ementt ha ti sdev el opedbet weenRi v er Kr i s hnaa ndBa nda rCa na l a l ongar oa dc a l l edAv a ni ga ddak a t t abyt hepeopl eofl owerdel t a s ofKr i s hna( or )Deev i s eemamos t l y . T hi ss et t l ements t a r t sgr owi nga s , v i j a y a wa dai st henea r es t c i t yoffer i ngv a r i ousbus i nes s , educ a t i ona l , Hea l t ha ndI ndus t r i a l oppur t uni t i esmor et ha nt hei r or i gi npl a c eT heymi gr a t ef r om t hei rpl a c esa nds t a r t eds et t l i ngher e . Al t hough, t hi spl a c ei sunderz one–I I I di s a s t erpr onea r eapeopl ea r ewi l l i ngt ol i v eher es i nc e , i ti swel l c onnec t edwi t hc or eof t hec i t y, t hepl a c eof wor ka nda c k nowl edgementof di s a s t er s. Mos toft hepeopl ec a meher ewheni nt i a t i v eofa ut ona ga rs et upc a mei nt opi c t ur ea ndwor k s a sda i l ywa gel a bouri nAut ona ga ra ndr es toft hem a r et a x i , a ut odr i v er sa ndbui l di ngl a bour . Al t hough, Peopl eher ea r edi v er s ieda ndc omesunderac ommongr oupc a l l edda i l yea r ner s a ndha v e bot hec onomi ca ndnonec onomi cgr oups . T hough, i ti sas ma l la r ea , f a c t or sl i k e a ffor da bi l i t y, l i v i ngc ondi t i onsc ha ngesf r om f a mi l yt of a mi l y . T hough, i tha sgooda meni t i es r oa ds , wa t ers uppl y , s c hool sduet oi l l i t er a c yt hei rl i v i ngc ondi t i onsa r ev er ypoora ndl a c ki n s oc i a l nes swi t ht hec i t y .
5
TheOneT own-Hubf orVi j ayawada’ sT r ade&Commer c e T hepa r tofVi j a y a wa da ,c l os et ot hehi l l oc k sa ndt hec a na l ,whi c hi sa l s os a i dt obet heol des t s et t l ementof t hec i t y , c ommonl yr ef er r edt oa st heOl dT own, i st hec ommer c i a l a r eadea l i ngwi t h t het r a def ort e x t i l es , pa i nt s , edi bl es , et c .
I t ’ sf ul lofbus y ,na r r ow s t r eet sa ndmul t is t or ey edbui l t f or ms . T hea r ea ,mos toft het i mes ,i s v i br a nt ,a nd c ha ot i c .I ngener a l ,t hebui l di ngt y pol ogi esi nc l udemi x dus e ,r es i dent i a l ,a nd c ommer c i a l , a l ongwi t ht empor a r ys t a l l sa nds hopsa l ongt her oa d, f ort hel a ndv a l uei sv er yhi gh. T hes i t ec hos eni ss ur r oundedbydens epopul a t i oni ndul gedi nt hei rownbus i nes s ,a ndt hos e whoha v et a k enpl ot st her e , get t i ngmoneya sr entbyt ena nt s , a nda r el i v i ngs omewher eel s e . Vi j a y a wa dai soneoft her a pi dl ygr owi ngur ba nma r k et soft hec ount r ya ndt hec ent r a l bus i nes s di s t r i c toft hec i t yi sl oc a t edi nONET OWN. Onet ownf or msapr eponder entpa r toft heol dc i t yof Vi j a y a wa da . Bei ngt hec ommer c i a l c ent r ei naboomi ngc i t y , ba c k gr oundof Onet owna r eawoul d a mountt oal otofhus t l ea ndbus t l e . Compr i s i ngna r r ows t r eetpa t t er na ndbus yc ommer c e , One t ownor i gi na t eda sc ommer c i a l a ndec onomi cc or eof t hec i t yma r k et . I ti sbea ut i f ul l ys ur r ounded byna t ur a l t opogr a phyl i k eI ndr a k i l a dr i hi l l s , Kr i s hnac a na l ( whi c hor i gi na t edf r om Ri v erKr i s hna ) a nds or a nga m( at unnel t ha tbi s ec t sa v ek i l omet er l onghi l l t opa v ewa yf or Vi j a y a wa daby pa s s r oa d,a ndl i v esupt ot hea nc i entna meoft hec i t y-Bez a wa da ,whi c hi sl i t er a l l yt r a ns l a t eda sa pl a c ef or medbydr l l i nghi l l s ) .
T hec ont e x tt ha ti sc l os el yf oc us edi nt hi sa r t i c l el i esj us ta bov et hehotc ommer c i a l huba ndj us t bel owt her el i gi ouspr ec i nc tofI ndr a k i l a dr i hi l l st ha thol dsas ea tf orl or dDur ga. I ti senc l os edby t woma j ors t r eet sna mel y-Ar j unas t r eeta ndBr a hmi ns t r eeta ndc ons i s t sofapopul a t i onofv a r i ed bel i ef s . T hepl a c ebei ngs ur r oundedbyel ement sl i k eI ndr a k i l a dr i ,Ri v erk r i s hnaa ndCommer c i a l c ompl e x esofol dt own, gi v esr i s eauni quec ont e x tt ha ti sf ur t herbea ut i f ul l yc ompl i c a t edduet o t hepr es enc eofi t sna t ur a lt er r a i n. T hi sl oc a l i t y ,f a mous l yk nowna sMa l l i k a r j una pet ,ha sas t eep s l opeupwa r dt owa dsI ndr a k i l a dr if oot hi l l sf r om Br a hmi ns t r eett oAr j unas t r eet ,whi c hi s9mt s el ev a t i onwi t hi n120mt sofwi dt h, a ndc a nbes a i d, qui t es t eep.
S t r eet sofOneT ownPr ec i nc t
S i t ea ndi t ss ur r oundi ngs
T hemos ti nt er es t i ngpa r toft hes es ur r oundi ngsi st hewa yt her es i dent sha v ei nha bi t edt hea r ea . T hepr es enc eofs l opea ndhumi di t yha dagr ea ti n uenc eont het y pol ogyoft hebui l tf or ms . Ma j or i t yof r es i denc esf oundi nt hi sa r eaa r es t a c k edoneupona not heri nac r ea t i v ema nnert ogi v e r i s et oc l us t erhous i ngwhi c ha l s oc ompr i s esac ent r a lc our t y a r df orc ommuni t yi nt er a c t i onsa nd a ppr opr i a t ev oi dsf orpr operv ent i l a t i on. Whena ne x t er na l per s onv i s i t st hepl a c ef ort he r s tt i me he ndst hee x t er na l f a br i coft hes ur r oundi ngsr a t herbor i ng, bec a us et heys eem t or epr es enta n i nf or ma l a pa r t mentbutonl ywhenaper s onent er st hec l us t ert hr ought hena r r owea s ementi nt o t hec ommuni t yhous i ng,t heyr ea l i s ehow a ppr opr i a t el ya dequa t eopeni ngsa r egi v enf ort he c l i ma t i ca ndc ommuna lr equi r ement s ,whi c hma k est hehous i ngc ol onyi nt r ov er t i a li nna t ur e wher et hei nt el l i genc eofdes i gnofa l l t heopeni ngs , ent r i esa ndv oi dsa r eonl yunder s t oodonc e s omeoneent er st hec l us t eri nt ot hec ent r a l c our t y a r d.
T hought her ei sauni quec ha r a c t ert ot hehous i ngt y pol ogyi nt hes pok ennei ghbour hood, t her ei s aneedof r edev el opmentbec a us eof i nc r ea s i ngmi gr a t i ona nddegr a di ngs t a nda r dof l i v i nga dmi s t t hes et t l ement ,whi c hma y bear es ul tofi nc r ea s i ngc ommer c i a lbuz zi nt heol dt own.Ast he r edev el opmenti ses s ent i a lneededa t t empt smus tbema det oc ons er v et hee x i s t i ngc ont e x tof na t ur a l a swel l a sma nma deel ement sa ndpr ov i dea dequa t ei mpr ov ement st oi mpr ov et hel i v i ng c ondi t i onofi ndi v i dua l sr es i di ngs ot heyc oul df eel t her i c hc ont e x ta ga i na si ti se x i s t i ng.
T hes er v i c esc i r c ul a t edi nt he pr ec i nc ti naha pha z a r dma nner , s i nc ea ges
“ Webor r owf r omnat ur et hes pac euponwhi c hwebui l d�T adaoAndo
ThankY ou