NEW EDITION
INCOLLS P O C K E T
Universal Facial Language Dictionary IN COLOUR
Shuley Begum Nicola Bradley Becca Dray Milly Dray Matthew Edgson Elinor Merison Sarah Smith
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Š Incoll National Press 2076 First published 2076 5 7 9 10 8 5 3 2
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INTRODUCTION Universal facial language was first developed after the incident of 2071 when the introduction of retina scanners created an influx of acute luminescent prosopagnosia, destroying the ability of millions to recognise or see faces. After the initial stages of adjustment to the disability, widespread development of a new sign language was
observed amongst many. Natural variants occurred between local and national areas until the initiation from the BSL and the centre for face processing disorders at Bournemouth university to develop a universal facial sign language. This book is the official 2083 publication of the 5th edition of the Universal facial language. 7
HOW A BILINGUAL DICTIONARY WORKS
A bilingual dictionary is a dictionary that has two languages. You can either look up the definition of a signed expression or find the sign for the expression you wish to translate. The two languages in this dictionary are Universal Facial Sign language and Natural Facial Expression. This dictionary is divided into two halves. In the first half you find the sign for the expression you wish to translate into sign and in the second half you look up the definition of a signed expression you may have received.
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The signs you find in the first half of the dictionary are presented in alphabetical order from a to z according to the expression the sign represents e.g. A for Anger. In
the second half signed actions are presented in alphabetical order according to shape e.g. C for circular. Under each entry you can find not only translations but also other sorts of information which you can use to make sure you get the correct translation. The different sorts of information are printed in different ways to help you see clearly which is which. Here is a guide to the different elements you will find printed in an entry.
headword
The emotion of which the according sign translates to.
desc.
A short description of the sign or natural face expression.
translation
The translation of the headword or of an example. Translations can be found in ‘ordinary’ type.
example
An example of
where one might use this sign or why someone may have used this sign.
act. A short description of the instructions hand actions to create the sign.
Origin
A visual and written representation of the origin, shown through the use of a natural facial expression. Please note that luminescent prosopagnosia sufferers will not be able to see the images though a written explanation is provided. 9
A STEP BY STEP GUIDE TO FINDING THE SIGN YOU NEED FINDING A SIGN/ EXPRESSION IN THE DICTIONARY You will be using this dictionary to do one of the following things: 1. Look up the defined expression of a sign you may have seen. 2. Find a sign to use in order to express your natural facial expression. NFE - UFS
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Look for the national facial expression in the first half of the dictionary, where you can find an image of the universal face sign you should use. You will see that the top of every page is marked NFE-UFSL or UFSL-NFE. Suppose you want to know how to express anger through the use of a sign, flick through the pages until you find A. The word at the top left hand page and top right of the right hand page show you which letter of the alphabet the page corresponds to. So when you find a page beginning with A you will look for anger and see the actions needed to express this emotion through the form of a sign. An example of an entry is on the next page.
Indicator for which translation order you are in. Page reference for quick searching.
Instructional diagram of the sign Name of the expression
A translation of either the UFSL sign into NFE or the NFE to UFSL. In this case it is the description of the NFE. Written instruction to perform sign.
Example of when it may be used.
Images of how the signs originated from NFE’s 12
NFE - UFSL A-D A-D
ANGER
ANGER
desc. Widened eyes with tightened eyebrows lowered and angled towards the nose. Mouth tightened and lips lifted slightly from the protruding chin. Nostrils flared. When emotion is strong teeth may be bared and grit together. act. Both hands used, four fingers pinched close to thumb but not touching. Thumbs pointed up but resisting. When something/someone has made you angry/angered you. i.e. When your computer does not respond.
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NFE - UFS
HOW TO INTERPRET THE SIGN DIAGRAMS THROUGHOUT THIS DICTIONARY YOU WILL SEE DIAGRAMS EXPLAINING HOW TO PERFORM THE UNIVERSAL FACIAL SIGNS. All of these signs have originally developed from the shapes that natural facial expressions display, having developed from more literal forms, to current figurative forms. The origins of each sign are explained under each entry. NFE - UFS
When you have located the expression you wish to sign, the first images you see are of the step by step form of the action. Similar to a word-definition dictionary with the pronunciation written in brackets. A key to interpret particulars in each diagram is provided on the opposite page. This explains features and instructions that represent certain movements such as up, down and rotate. The outlined circle represents the start of where the sign begins and the filled circle represents where the movement ends.
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BEGIN sign
END sign
Note: In some expressions it is necessary to repeat the signed movement in order to convey the full meaning of the expression.
The length and enthusiasm for the sign is determined by the performer in the context of which they have found it necessary to use. 15
National Facial Expression - Universal Facial Sign Language
Universal Facial Language
NFE - UFSL A-D
ANGER
ANGER
desc. Widened eyes with tightened eyebrows lowered and angled towards the nose. Mouth tightened and lips lifted slightly from the protruding chin. Nostrils flared. When emotion is strong teeth may be bared and grit together. act. Both hands used, four fingers pinched close to thumb but not touching. Thumbs pointed up but resisting. When something/someone has made you angry/angered you. i.e. When your computer does not respond.
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NFE - UFSL A-D
DISGUST
DISGUST
desc. Face features pulled back. Nose raised and wrinkled with flared nostrils. Mouth lowered at corners and pulled tight. act. Hands begin close together and open then pull back in an upwards curve whilst closing hands. When something/someone has made you disgusted/disgusted you. i.e. When a fly lands on your food.
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NFE - UFSL E-H
FEARFUL
FEARFUL
desc. Eyebrows raised inwards with widened eyes, mouth closed. When the emotion is stronger the mouth is outstretched with jaw wide due to intake of breath. When something/someone has scared you/ made you scared. i.e. When your computer goes into reserve battery power.
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NFE - UFSL E-H
HAPPINESS
HAPPINESS
desc. Eyebrows raised outwards with widened eyes. Cheeks raised, forcing slight obstruction to vision. When the emotion is stronger, revelation of teeth is often common. When something/someone has made you happy. i.e. When you find a fiver in your purse that you forgot about.
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NFE - UFSL H-Z
SADNESS
SADNESS
desc. Lowered relaxed eyebrows, lower than a neutral expression. Eyes down and lips lifted slightly form protruding chin. When emotion is strong chin may protrude further and lips higher with the possibility of tears. When something/someone has made you sad/saddened you. i.e. Knowing you’ll never see your face again
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NFE - UFSL H-Z
SURPRISE
SURPRISE
desc. Eye brows raised causing wrinkles on forehead. Eyes wide and nostrils flared. With stronger emotion mouth may be open wide. When something/someone has surprised you. i.e. When your computer finally does respond.
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Universal Facial Sign LanguageNational Facial Expression
Universal Facial Language
UFSL - NFE A-B
ANGULAR
ANGULAR
ANGER desc. Both hands used, four fingers pinched close to thumb but not touching. Thumbs pointed up but resisting. When something/someone has made you angry/angered you. i.e. When your computer does not respond.
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UFSL - NFE A-B
ANGULAR
DISGUST desc. Hands begin close together and open then pull back in an upwards curve whilst closing hands. When something/someone has made you disgusted/disgusted you. i.e. When a fly lands on your food.
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UFSL - NFE C-G
CIRCULAR
CIRCULAR
HAPPINESS desc. Eyebrows raised outwards with widened eyes. Cheeks raised, forcing slight obstruction to vision. When the emotion is stronger, revelation of teeth is often common. When something/someone has made you happy. i.e. When you find a fiver in your purse that you forgot about.
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UFSL - NFE C-G
CURVED
CURVED
SURPRISE desc. Eye brows raised causing wrinkles on forehead. Eyes wide and nostrils flared. With stronger emotion mouth may be open wide. When something/someone has surprised you. i.e. When your computer finally does respond.
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UFSL - NFE G-Z
HOOKED
HOOKED
SADNESS desc. Lowered relaxed eyebrows, lower than a neutral expression. Eyes down and lips lifted slightly form protruding chin. When emotion is strong chin may protrude further and lips higher with the possibility of tears. When something/someone has made you sad/saddened you. i.e. Knowing you’ll never see your face again
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UFSL - NFE G-Z
RAISED
RAISED
FEARFUL desc. Eyebrows raised inwards with widened eyes, mouth closed. When the emotion is stronger the mouth is outstretched with jaw wide due to intake of breath. When something/someone has scared you/ made you scared. i.e. When your computer goes into reserve battery power.
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Maps
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