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The Knights

At a family concert by The Knights at the BRIC arts center in Brooklyn, horn player Michael P. Atkinson, center, uses his iPad while the other musicians use printed scores.

Logistical challenges remain. McLemore recalls that in Nashville, Newzik’s personnel were mostly busy keeping the iPad stands from falling over. Lampichler admits that players complained of headaches and sore eyes after reading from tablets, “which is easy to explain since rehearsal spaces are lit for paper music.” Maria Stieger, who plays first violin with the Tonkünstler Orchestra, says that daylight alleviates the problem but recalls the “rather harsh yellow light” of the rehearsal space in the basement of the Musikverein in Vienna as “wearing in the long term.” For string players who share a stand, one challenge is to find a level of brightness that works for both people. New York Philharmonic musician Colin Williams points out that in performance formats such as live accompaniment of film, a “glow coming off the orchestra” would be a distraction, while John Kieser, the New World Symphony’s executive producer of media, says that iPads are actually a help when shooting video because there is no need for stand lights, making the job easier for cameras.

In a world that is increasingly dependent on digital technology, e-scores are the next frontier. With Newzik, users can import a YouTube link or insert a video remark from a living composer. Cloud storage makes it possible to access material from any device. The COVID-19 pandemic has only expedited the demand for programs that allow institutions to function without its members sharing a common physical space, and there is no doubt that online libraries, performance via group video, and distancelearning platforms will remain part of our everyday realities.

At The Knights, the Brooklyn-based chamber orchestra collective founded in 2000, 30 to 40 percent of players are on tablets, according to Eric Jacobsen, who is the group’s conductor, co-artistic director with his brother Colin Jacobsen, and one of its cellists. Eric Jacobsen, who is also music director of Florida’s Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra and Connecticut’s Greater Bridgeport Symphony, says that string players, in particular, are drawn to the technology due to the ease of turning pages by pedal. For a Knights recording of Beethoven and Brahms concertos with violinist Gil Shaham, Jacobsen worked off a mix of paper and forScore, which he considers very efficient for creating parts and sharing annotations. But he says that any time saved by technology must be used to dig deeper into the music, ideally with all musicians in the same room. “The orchestra is an imperfect organism, and there is something very beautiful and necessary about the interaction of humans during a sectional or conversation,” Jacobsen says. “It can’t be a check-out line with fewer people and more machines.”

Marco Borggreve Boston Symphony Orchestra Librarian Mark Fabulich says he’s intrigued by the possibility of having string bowings entered across a section with a single click via e-scores, but that the transition from paper to digital will happen musician by musician. REBECCA SCHMID has written about classical music for the Financial Times, New York Times, Das Orchester, Berliner Morgenpost, Gramophone, Opernwelt, and other publications. The interface of classical music and digital technology has been a focus of her work since she covered the first iPhone app to transmit a master class live for BBC Music Magazine in 2010. Her book, Weill, Blitzstein, and Bernstein: A Study of Influence, will be published by Academica Press this year.

INDEXADVERTISER

Azrieli Foundation ............................... 25

Dan Kamin Comedy Concertos............. 9

League of American Orchestras...........27,

C3, C4

Menuhin Competition......................... 19

Vancouver Symphony.......................... C2

Yamaha Corporation of America ........... 3

Young Concert Artists.......................... 17

With the support of our valued donors, the League continues to have a positive impact on the future of orchestras in America by helping to develop the next generation of leaders, generating and disseminating critical knowledge and information, and advocating for the unique role of the orchestral experience in American life before an ever-widening group of stakeholders. We gratefully acknowledge the generosity of the following donors who contributed gifts of $600 and above in the last year, as of April 1, 2021. For more information regarding a gift to the League, please visit us at americanorchestras.org/donate, call 212.262.5161, or write us at Annual Fund, League of American Orchestras, 520 8th Avenue, Suite 2005, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10018.

$150,000 and above

Melanie Clarke Bruce & Martha Clinton, on behalf of The Clinton Family Fund ✧ Baisley Powell Elebash Fund Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Virginia B. Toulmin Foundation The Wallace Foundation

$50,000–$149,999

American Express Ford Motor Company Fund Howard Gilman Foundation Martha R. Ingram The Julian Family Foundation, Lori Julian National Endowment for the Arts The Negaunee Foundation Steve and Diane Parrish Foundation Patricia A. Richards & William K. Nichols Linda & David Roth Sakana Foundation Sargent Family Foundation,

Cynthia Sargent ✧ Richard K. Smucker

$25,000–$49,999

Paul M. Angell Family Foundation Dr. & Mrs. Malcolm McDougal Brown ✧ Trish & Rick Bryan ✧ Phillip Wm. Fisher Support Foundation The Hagerman Family Charitable Fund,

Douglas & Jane Hagerman Mark Jung Charitable Fund Alan Mason + Mr. & Mrs. Alfred P. Moore New York City Department of Cultural Affairs Mary Carr Patton Ms. Trine Sorensen & Mr. Michael Jacobson Penny & John Van Horn ✧ Leslie Miller and Richard Worley Foundation Helen Zell

$10,000–$24,999

William & Solange Brown The CHG Charitable Trust, as recommended by

Carole Haas Gravagno ✧ The Aaron Copland Fund for Music Peter & Julie Cummings ✧ Drs. Aaron Flagg & Cristina Stanescu Flagg Marian A. Godfrey John and Marcia Goldman Foundation Mary Louise Gorno Jim Hasler Hugh W. Long Peter & Catherine Moye Lowell & Sonja Noteboom Mark and Nancy Peacock Charitable Fund Jesse Rosen † Drs. Helen S. & John P. Schaefer † Helen P. Shaffer Connie Steensma & Rick Prins ✧ Geraldine B. Warner Anonymous (1)

PLAYING OUR PART: THE CAMPAIGN FOR THE LEAGUE OF AMERICAN ORCHESTRAS

Playing our Part is a campaign to support a major $2 million infrastructure investment in our service to America’s orchestras, including a new headquarters, modern website, increased digital learning capacity, and an improved information technology ecosystem. We gratefully acknowledge the generosity of the following donors who have made commitments to support this work: Burton Alter Dr. Hugh W. Long Tiffany & Jim Ammerman † Kjristine Lund Alberta Arthurs William M. Lyons Brian & Emily Wren Baxter John & Regina Mangum Marie-Hélène Bernard • Alan Mason Trish & Rick Bryan ✧ Steve & Lou Mason, in honor of Jesse Rosen † Michelle Miller Burns Barbara McCelvey Janet Cabot Debbie McKinney † Chuck Cagle † Anthony McGill Lorenzo Candelaria David Alan Miller The CHG Charitable Trust, as recommended by Mr. & Mrs. Alfred P. Moore

Carole Haas Gravagno ✧ Peter & Catherine Moye Heather Clarke Kim Noltemy Melanie Clarke Lowell & Sonja Noteboom Bruce & Martha Clinton, on behalf of Steve and Diane Parrish Foundation

The Clinton Family Fund ✧ Mary Carr Patton Bruce Colquhoun Karen & Tom Philion Margarita Contreni † Raymond & Tresa Radermacher Peter & Julie Cummings ✧ Patricia A. Richards & William K. Nichols Gloria dePasquale Susan L. Robinson The Doerr Foundation Jesse Rosen † Marisa & Allan Eisemann Barbara & Robert Rosoff ✧ Baisley Powell Elebash Fund Linda & David Roth Dr. D.M. Edwards, in honor of the Volunteer Council and Jesse Rosen Daniel & David Els-Piercey Phillip Wm. Fisher Support Foundation David J.L. Fisk Drs. Aaron & Christina Stanescu Flagg Ray Fowler Vanessa Gardner, in honor of Group 5-6 members GE Foundation Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation Marian A. Godfrey Mary Louise Gorno The Hagerman Family Charitable Fund, Douglas & Jane Hagerman Daniel & Barbara Hart • Jim Hasler Patricia G. Howard H.T. and Laura Hyde Charitable Fund at East Texas Communities Foundation † Sakana Foundation Sargent Family Foundation, Cynthia Sargent ✧ Michael J. Schmitz Andrew Sewell Helen P. Shaffer Laurie & Nathan Skjerseth Richard K. Smucker Irene Sohm Ms. Trine Sorensen & Mr. Michael Jacobson Ruth Sovronsky Connie Steensma & Rick Prins ✧ Laura Street Linda S. Stevens Isaac Thompson & Tonya Vachirasomboon Samara Ungar Alan D. Valentine Penny & John Van Horn Robert Wagner Inner City Youth Orchestra of Los Angeles Kelly Waltrip James M. Johnson Terry Ann White The Julian Family Foundation, Lori Julian David Whitehill † Mark Jung Charitable Gift Fund Sheila J. Williams Cindy & Randy Kidwell Lindsey Wood Bob & Charlotte Lewis Leslie Miller and Richard Worley Foundation

Burton Alter Alberta Arthurs Benevity NancyBell Coe Gloria dePasquale Marisa Eisemann Barbara Hostetter The Hyde and Watson Foundation Jerome Foundation Robert Kohl & Clark Pellett Kjristine Lund Marin Community Foundation Steve & Lou Mason, in honor of Jesse Rosen ✧ Anthony McGill Howard D. Palefsky The Brian Ratner Foundation Michael J. Schmitz Norm Slonaker Irene Sohm Alan D. Valentine Sally Webster, in memory of Nick Webster Simon Woods & Karin Brookes

$2,500–$4,999

Tiffany & Jim Ammerman † The Amphion Foundation Jennifer Barlament & Ken Potsic • Marie-Hélène Bernard • Ann D. Borowiec Michelle Miller Burns • Lorenzo Candelaria Martha and Herman Copen Fund of

The Community Foundation for Greater

New Haven Norman Eaker Dr. D.M. Edwards, in honor of the Volunteer

Council & Jesse Rosen Daniel & David Els-Piercey Steve & Linda Finerty Family Foundation Catherine French ✧ Gary Ginstling & Marta Lederer Mark & Christina Hanson • Ms. Sharon D. Hatchett James M. Johnson Cindy & Randy Kidwell John A. and Catherine M. Koten Foundation † Dennis & Camille LaBarre † William M. Lyons Mattlin Foundation David Alan Miller Kim Noltemy Raymond & Tresa Radermacher Susan L. Robinson Laura Street Melia & Mike Tourangeau Steve & Judy Turner Kathleen van Bergen Doris & Clark Warden † Terry Ann White †

$1,000–$2,499

Jeff & Keiko Alexander Gene & Mary Arner Mrs. Dawn Bennett Beracha Family Charitable Gift Fund William P. Blair III ✧ Elaine A. Bridges Susan K. Bright Karen & Terry Brown Monica Buffington Janet Cabot Chuck Cagle † Janet & John Canning † Leslie & Dale Chihuly Darlene Clark Bruce Colquhoun The Dirk Family The Doerr Foundation + Feder Gordon Family Fund, in Memory of

Albert K. Webster Courtney & David Filner • Henry & Frances Fogel ✧ John Forsyte • James M. Franklin † GE Foundation William & Nancy Gettys Edward Benton Gill, in honor of Jesse Rosen † William & Martha Gilmer Joseph B. Glossberg Gordon Family Donor Advised Philanthropic Fund Paul Grangaard Nancy Greenbach Andre Gremillet Suzanne Gronemeyer Daniel & Barbara Hart • Jamei Haswell Patricia G. Howard H.T. and Laura Hyde Charitable Fund at East Texas

Communities Foundation † Inner City Youth Orchestra of Los Angles Paul R. Judy The Junek Family Fund Emma (Murley) Kail • Peter Kjome The Hess and Helyn Kline Foundation Joseph Kluger and Susan Lewis Fund Donald Krause & JoAnne Krause † Bob & Charlotte Lewis Mr. John & Dr. Gail Looney Sandi M.A. Macdonald & Henry J. Grzes Yvonne Marcuse Jonathan Martin McCollum Family Charitable Fund Debbie McKinney † Anne W. Miller † Steven Monder † Bob & Kathy Olsen Barbara S. Robinson Barry & Susan Rosen Barbara & Robert Rosoff ✧ Mr. Donald F. Roth † Dr. Lee Shackelford Pratichi Shah Robert N. Shapiro Cece Smith Daniel Song Linda S. Stevens David Strickland Isaac Thompson & Tonya Vachirasomboon Marylou & John D.* Turner Gus M. Vratsinas Robert Wagner David Whitehill † Donna M. Williams Sheila J. Williams The Sam and Sonia Wilson Family Foundation Paul Winberg & Bruce Czuchna Edward Yim

$600–$999

David Bornemann, Vice Chair, Phoenix Symphony Drs. Misook Yun & James Boyd • Wayne S. Brown & Brenda E. Kee † Don & Judy Christl † Jack M. Firestone David J.L. Fisk Eric Galatz and Lisa Tiegel Vanessa Gardner, in honor of Group 5-6 members Bob Garthwait, Jr. Marena Gault, Volunteer Council B. Sue Howard Sally & William Johnson Russell Jones & Aaron Gillies Adrienne H. Knudsen Anna Kuwabara • Robert Levine † David Loebel Ginny Lundquist Patrick McCown Diana Scoggins, Metropolitan Youth Symphony,

Portland David Snead Joan Squires • Edith & Tom Van Huss Charlie Wade

† Directors Council (former League Board) ✧ Emeritus Board • Orchestra Management Fellowship Program

Alumni + Includes Corporate Matching Gift * Deceased

HELEN M. THOMPSON HERITAGE SOCIETY

The League of American Orchestras graciously recognizes those who have remembered the League in their estate plans as members of the Helen M. Thompson Heritage Society. Janet F. and Dr. Richard E. Barb Family

Foundation Wayne S. Brown & Brenda E. Kee † John & Janet Canning † Richard * & Kay Fredericks Cisek ✧ Martha and Herman Copen Fund of the

Community Foundation for Greater

New Haven Myra Janco Daniels Samuel C. Dixon • Henry & Frances Fogel ✧ Susan Harris, Ph.D. Louise W. Kahn Endowment Fund of

The Dallas Foundation The Curtis and Pamela Livingston 2000 Charitable Remainder Unitrust Steve & Lou Mason † Lowell & Sonja Noteboom Charles & Barbara Olton † Peter Pastreich † Walter P. Pettipas Revocable Trust Rodger E. Pitcairn Patricia A. Richards & William K. Nichols Robert & Barbara Rosoff ✧ Robert J. Wagner Tina Ward • † Mr. & Mrs. Albert K. * & Sally Webster ✧ Robert Wood Revocable Trust Anonymous (1)