Hel wa nUni v er s i t y F a c ul t yofF i neAr t s Depa r t mentofAr c hi t ec t ur e
THESUNSET OASI S
SI WABETWEEN PAST, PRESRENT &FUTURE
01
1. 1Pur pos e 1. 2De mog r a phi c sa nds t asc s 1. 3S c ope
13
02
2. 1S e l e c t e dS i t e 2. 2S WOTAna l y s i s 2. 3S WOTAna l y s i sOut c ome s
45
3. 1Cl i ma t eCons i de r aons 3. 2Ur ba nAna l y s i s
79
I NTRODUCTI ON
SI TE SELECTI ON
03
SI TE ANALYSI S
04
4. 1Pr oj e c tOne: Wa di E l Hi t a n 1027 4. 2Pr oj e c tT wo: T i r pi t zBunk e rMus e um 4. 3Pr oj e c tT hr e e: E l e pha ntMus e um
05
5. 1S pa c eS t a nda r dsa ndDa t a 5. 2S pa c ePr og r a m 5. 3Z oni ng
2832
06
6. 1Pr i ma r yt he me s / a na l og y 6. 2De s i g nConc e pt
3348
PRECEDENTS
PROGRAMMI NG
CONCEPT
Cha pt e r1 .
I nt r o duc t i o n.
Cha pt e r1l I nt r oducon S i wai son eoft h emos ti s ol a t e ds el e me n t s . I tc o v e r sa n a r e aofa b ou t1 0 8 8s q k m, L i e sb e t we e nt h eQa r a De p r e s s i ona n dT h eGr e a tS a n dS e ai nt h eWe s t e r nDe s e r t , 5 0k me a s toft h eL i b y a nb or d e r , a n d3 0 0k mf r omMa t r ou h . I t s2 5 , 0 0 0h a b i t a n t sa r emos t l yNor t hAf r i c a nBe r b e r s “ Ama z i g h i a n ”d i v i d e done l e v e nt r i b e s , T h e ysl l p os s e s s t h e i ror i g i n a l a n c i e n tt r a d ion s a n dh a b i t swh i c hi n c l u d e s ma n ya ma z i n gf e sv a l sa n dc e l e b r aon sb e s i d et h e t r a d ion a l I s l a mi con e s . T h ef a mou son ewh a ti sk n o wna s " Al S e i a h a "a n di tt a k e sp l a c ei nOc t ob e r . F i g u r e1 : S i wa np e o p l eCe l e b r a t e
“ Al S e i a h a ”F e a s tf o r3 d a y sa tE l Da k r o u r Mou n t a i n
S i waOa s i sr e ma i n sa ni s ol a t e dp l a c ef r omt h eou t s i d ewor l d . Cu s t omsa n dt r a d ion soft h e Oa s i sp e op l ea r emu c hl i k ea l l Be d ou i nc ommu n ie sh a b i t s . i ti sf or b i d d e nt ot h eS i wa n wome nt og oou toft h eh ou s e , a n di fa l l o we di ne me r g e n c ys i t u aon , t h i smu s tb ei nt h e c omp a n yofh e rma n . i ti sc ommonf orwome nt oe n g a g e i nc oa g ei n d u s t r i e s , s u c ha s we a v i n g , e mb r oi d e r i n g , e t c . Wome nc l ot h si n S i waa r ec h a r a c t e r i z e db yr i c hc h r oma t og r a p h y r e s u ln gf r omk n in ga n dn e e d l ewor k sa n d v a r i ou smo f sa n ds y mb ol sonb l a c k( Ge l b a b ) . I n t e r e sn g l y , t h ep r e d omi n a n tc ol or sf or or n a me n t sonb a s k e t r ya n dc l ot h e sa r eg r e e n , y e l l o w, or a n g e , r e da n db l a c kt os y mb ol i z et h e r i p e n i n gs t a g e sofd a t ef r u i t sI na d d iont o t h a t , s i l v e rj e we l r yi n l a i dwi t hp r e c i ou ss t on e s a n db i gb r a c e l e t s . F i g u r e2 : S i wa ny ou n gwo ma nF i g u r e3 : S i wa nWo me n
T h el a n d s c a p eoft h eoa s i sa swe l l a st h e ma k i n gb a s k e t r ya r t . we a r i n gt h eT r a f oe t a r c h a e ol og i c a l s i t e sd omi n a t ea n di mp os ea l l s e n s e sofb ot hr e s i d e n t sa n dv i s i t or s h eme r g i n gof t h eb i r da n dt h eoa s i sp r od u c e st h emos te x q u i s i t e p i c t u r e . e x p e r i e n c i n gt h ea r c h a e ol og i c a l s i t e s , v i s i t s a n dc oh a b i t a t et h el oc a l e n v i r on me n twi t hi t ' sr i c h a n ds p e c i a l v oc a b u l a r i e si n s p i r e st h ea rs t s ' v i s i on sd u r i n gt h es t a yt h e r e . I ta l s on ou r i s ht h e v i s u a l me mor ywi t hn e wv oc a b u l a r yc a r r y i n g d i ffe r e n ta e s t h e cv a l u e si nt h e ms e l v e sa n di na h a r mon ywi t ht h er e s toft h ee l e me n t s . F u r t h e r mor e , i twi l l i n d u c eh i sf e e l i n g sa n d i ma g i n aont h a th ec a nu s el a t e rwh e t h e rd i r e c t l y F i g u r e4 : Mi g r a t o r yp i n kfla mi n g o s ori n d i r e c t l yi nh i sa r t wor k .
F i g u r e4 : S t u d e n tf r o mF i n ea r t s i n s p i r e db yCl e o p a t r aS p r i n g d u r i n go u rv i s i t2 0 2 1
F i g u r e6 : Ars tRa n i aHa f e zi nt h e F i g u r e6 : Ars tMa h mo u dF a r e di n e x h i b ion“ T h eS o u n dofNa t u r e . ” t h ee x h i b ion“ T h eS o u n dof 2 0 1 8 Na t u r e . ”2 0 1 8 T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 1
Cha pt e r1l I nt r oducon
F i g u r e4 : On eT h ou s a n d sCa me l sCa r a v a n
F i g u r e5 : T r a n s S a h a r a nT r a d eR ou t e
AnI s l a mi ch i s t or i a n , Ma q r i z i , e x p l a on st h a tb y1 2 0 3S i wama yh a v eb e e na ni n d e p e n d e n t r e p u b l i c . h eg oe sont os a yt h a ti twa sp op u l a t e db ys t r a n ga n df e a r s omea n i ma l sa n dt h a t t h ep e op l ewe r ep l a g u e db yu n u s u a l d i s e a s e . Ho we v e r , h ea l s os a y st h a ti t sf e rl i t ywa s l e g e n d a r y , c in ga n“ Or a n g e T r e e ”a sl a r g ea sa nE g y p ons y c a mor e , p r od u c i n gf ou r t e e n t h ou s a n d sor a n g e se v e r yy e a r , t h e nS i wae x p or t e dc r op st oE g y p ta n dCy r e n e .
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 2
Cha pt e r1l I nt r oducon
F i g u r e5 : S i waNo wd a y s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 3
Cha pt e r1l I nt r oducon
t s Ma r c h a n t sT ou r i s t s Ars
L oc a l S i wa n od i v e r s i t y P e op l e Bi F i g u r e6 : Di a g r a ms h o wsMa i nu s e r s
E x c h a n g eCu l t u r e
E d u c aon
S p r e a dCu l t u r e
Commu n i t y E n v i r on E c on omy me n t Ha n d Cr as S i wa Naon a l P r ot e c t or a t e
Bi od i v e r s i t y
Ag r i c u l t u r e
S a l tI n d u s t r i e s Wa s t eR e c y c l e r a d ion a l Ar c h i t e c t u r e Ag r i c u l t u r eT
F i g u r e7 : Di a g r a ms h o wsS i waDe v e l op me n tP l a n
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 4
Cha pt e r2 .
Si t eSe l e c t i o n.
Cha pt e r2l S i t eS e l e con
S i t eL oc aon( 2 9 ° 1 2 ' 5 2 . 1 0 “ N) . P l otAr e a : 5 0 0 0s q m.
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 5
Cha pt e r2l S i t eS e l e con
L oc aon L a n d ma r k s T ou r i scp l a c e s Ne a rGr o v e s Ne a rMa i nR oa d s T r a n s p or t aon GoodVi e ws P ol l u onf r e e Ca l mn e s s s
F a rf r omd o wn t o wn Dr a i n a g e S oi l S a l i n i z aon De s e rfic aon L i mi t e ds e r v i c e s l a c kofi n f r a s t r u c t u r e Un p a v e dR oa d
S . W. O. T ANAL Y S I S
Us a g eofS a l tL a k e i nS a l tI n d u s t r i e s Ne e dofMa r k e t p l a c e Us i n gV e r n a c u l a r a r c h i t e c t u r e E x p l oi t aonofn e i g h b or i n g a g r i c u l t u r a l l a n d s
We a kI n f r a s t r u c t u r e Hu mi d u t y T ou r i s mi ns p e c i fic s e a s on son l y
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 6
Cha pt e r3 .
Si t eAna l y s i s .
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s
F i g u r e9 : Ra d ionCh a r t
F i g u r e1 0 : Hu mi d i t yCh a r t
F i g u r e1 1 : Wi n dR os e
F i g u r e1 2 : Wi n dV e l oc i t yCh a r t
F i g u r e1 3 : T e mp e r t u r er a n g eofS i waCh a r t
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 0 9
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s
F i g u r e1 4 : S k yCo v e rCh a r t
F i g u r e1 5 : Cl i ma t eAn a l y s i sOu t c ome
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 0
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s
Mi x e dUs e
T our i scS t r uc t ur e
S e r v i c e
F i g ur e16: L a ndUs e S t ac s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 1
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s Bui l di ng sHe i g ht s
F i g ur e17: Bui l di ng s He i g ht sS t ac s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 2
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s Bui l di ng sCons t r uconMa p
Whi t eS t one S t r uc t ur e
Br i c k S t r uc t ur e
Ka r s hi e f S t r uc t ur e
F i g ur e19: Bui l di ng s Cons t r uconS t ac s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 4
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s Bui l di ng sCondions
GoodBui l di ng Condion
Da ma g e dBui l di ng Condion
F i g ur e18: Bui l di ng s CondionsS t ac s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 3
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s S ol i da ndVoi d
Ac c or di ngt oS i t eVi s i ti nv e sg aon, hi g hdwns i t yofs ol i di s c onc e nt r a t e dwi t hi nt hec e nt r eoft hec i t ya nda l s oi nuppe r s i deofS ha l i
F i g ur e20: S ol i da nd Voi dS t ac s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 5
Ame l l a l e c ol odg e
T a z i r yE c ov i l l a g e s
S i waL a k e
S ha l i Ca s l t e
S ha l i Mount a i n
F a t na sI s l a nd
Da k r our _ Mount a i n
Cl e opa t r aS pr i ng
T e mpl eofAmun
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s L a ndMa r k s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 7
Cha pt e r3l S i t eAna l y s i s Ac c e s s a bi l i t y
S e c onda r yRoa ds
Ma i nRoa ds Mobi l i t y
T r i c y c l e( 6pe r s ons )
4× 4Ca r( 7pe r s ons )
Mi ni Va n(7P e r s ons )
Bi k e
Mi ni Va n(7P e r s ons )
Donk yCa r t( 6pe r s ons )
F i g ur e21: Mobi l i t yi nS i waOa s i s T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 6
Cha pt e r4. Pr e c e de nt s .
P r oj e c ts u p p or t e db ya s s oc i aon ofNaon a l R e s e r v e sS u p p or ti nE g y p t P r oj e c tt ot a l a r e a 2 0 0S q . K m 2 0 0 5
F a y ou m, E g y p t
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
I n t r od u con Wa d i E l Hi t a ni sap a l e on t ol og i c a l s i t ea tF a i y u mi nE g y p t , 1 5 0K ma wa yf r omCa i r o. I twa sd e s i g n e db yaUNI E S C OWor l dHe r i t a g es i t ei nJ u l y2 0 0 5 , F ori t sh u n d r e d soff os s i l s oft h ee a r l i e s tf or msofWh a l e s . T h eUNI S C Oa d d e di tt ot h el i s tofp r ot e c t e dwor l d He r i t a g es i t e sb e c a u s en owh e r ee l s eh a st h en u mb e r , Con c e n t r aona n dq u a l i t yofs u c h f os s i l s . T h eP r ot e c t e dAr e ai sa b ou t2 0 0k m2( n oti n c l u d i n gb u ffe rz on e ) . Be c a u s eofi t sd i s t a n t n a t u r e , v i s i t or sc a nc a mpo v e r n i g h t , t h u sr e d u c i n gt h en e e df orp e r ma n e n t l yc on s t r u c t i n f r a s t r u c t u r e st h a twou l dv i ol a t ei t sn a t u r a l a n dp r e h i s t or i cl a n d s c a p e . V e h i c l e sa r e p r oh i b i t e da n don l yg u i d e dt ou r sb yf ootoronc a me l onas e tt r a i l a r ea l l o we dt ov i s i t Wa d i Al Hi t a nt h r ou g hp r e v i ou s l ya r r a n g e dg u i d e dt ou r s . T hea r c hi t e c t ur a l de s i g noft heVi s i t or s ’ Ce nt r ea ndi t sa me nie sa i msa tr e duc i ngi t se ffe c ton t hel a nds c a pet hr oug hf uncona l a nda e s t he ca s pe c t sofE c omi mi c r y. Ac ompl e xa rc ul aons y s t e mofv a ul t sa nds c ul pt e dmudbr i c k swa l l si sus e df ort he c k e t s t aona ndt hei nf or maonpos t . Asf ort hee ne r g ya ndwa t e rs uppl i e si nt hebui l di ng s , a wa t e rt a nki sfil l e donar e g ul a rba s i sa l t houg hi ti snota de qua t et of ul fil t hene e dsofma ny t our i s t sa nds t a ff. T heCe nt r er e l i e spr i ma r i l yont heus eoft hec ompl e x ' ss ol a re ne r g ys y s t e m.
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 1 9
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 0
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 1
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 2
Ar c h i t e c t: Bj a r k eI n g e l sGr ou p( BI G) P r oj e c tt ot a l a r e a 2 , 8 0 0S q . M 2 0 1 7
Bl å v a n d , De n ma r k
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
T heE x hi bions , de s i g ne dbyDut c ha g e nc yT i nk e rI ma g i ne e r s , s howc a s epe r ma ne nta nd t e mpor a r yt he me de x pe r i e nc e st ha tg r oundt het a l eofa ni mpr e s s i v ewa rma c hi ne . Whi l es e tbyt hehe a v yhe r me cobj e c toft heWWI I bunk e r , t hene wT I RPI T Zi sas ha r p c ont r a s tt ot hec onc r e t emonol i t hbyc a moufla g i ngwi t ht hel a nds c a pea ndi nv ing l i g ht ne s sa ndope nne s si nt ot hene wmus e um. T hec our t y a r da l l owsa c c e s si nt ot hef our unde r g r oundg a l l e r ys pa c e st ha tha v ea na bunda nc eofda y l i g hte v e nt houg ht he ya r el i t e r a l l y c a r v e di nt ot hes a nd. T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 3
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
F i g ur e: Ar myofConc r e t eE x hi bi t
F i g ur e: S e aofGol dE x hi bi t
F i g ur e: Gol doft heWe s tCoa s tE x hi bi t F r omt hes unk e ng a l l e r i e s , v i s i t or sa r ea bl et o wa l ki nt ot hehi s t or i cbunk e r , whi c hg r ounds t het a l eofa ni mpr e s s i v ewa rma c hi ne .
F i g ur e: T heS unk e nGa l l e r i e s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 4
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 5
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
F i g ur e: Conc r e t eMa t e r i a l T hel a r g e s tr oofde c kwe i g hsa bout1. 090t ona ndt hec ompl e xr oofs t r uc t ur ei se ng i ne e r e dby S wi s sL üc hi ng e r + Me y e r . T hema i ni nt e r i orma t e r i a l su l i z e dt hr oug houtt heg a l l e r ys pa c e sa r e wooda ndhotr ol l e ds t e e l whi c hi sa ppl i e dt oa l l t hei nt e r i orwa l l s . 6mt a l l g l a s spa ne l sf a c et he out doorc our t y a r d, a l l owi ngna t ur a l da y l i g hti nt ot hef oure x hi bions pa c e s .
F i g ur e: T heCour t y a r d T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 6
Cha pt e r4l Pr e c e da nt s
F i g ur e: Pl a ns howst heMa i nf ourpa t hwa y s
F i g ur e: S e c t onss howsi de aofc u ngdune s
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 7
Cha pt e r5 .
Pr o g r a mmi ng .
Cha pt e r5l Pr og r a mmi ng
E x hi b onAr e a& Hol og r a mHa l l t os how t hehi s t or yofS i wai i na v i s ua l a nda udi owa y .
Ma r k e tHa l l f ora l mos t a l l s i wag oodst ha tma de f ort our i s t sa ndt r a de s
T a k ea dv a nt a g eofS i wa Na t ur a l be a ut ybyma k i ng mor eout doors pa c e s pe c i a l f ora rs i t swho c a ns pr e a dS i wa nCul t ur e a ndNa t ur et ot hewhol e wor l d. Be s i deoutdoors pa c ef or s i wa npe opl et oe nj oy t he i rf e sv a l sa ndr i t ua l
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 8
Cha pt e r5l Pr og r a mmi ng
T h eS u n s e tOa s i sI 2 9
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards Prototypes and standards of bedrooms
Minimum spacing between beds in residential rooms
Bathroom arrangement
Single room
Double room
The Sunset Oasis l 29
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards • Prototypes and standards of water treatment station • Prototypes and standards of aid clinic
2
The Sunset Oasis l 30
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards • Prototypes and standards of workshops • Prototypes and standards of shops
Buildings around an open air court
Heights of buildings Drivers rest relation with parking
The Sunset Oasis l 31
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards • Prototypes and standards of workshops
Gíound flooí plan (left) and fiíst flooí plan (íight) of the N. C. Mehta Museum in Ahmedabad.
Fiíst flooí plan
Ciículation aíea of the ľokyo Museum of Westeín Aít.
Gíound flooí plan (left) and fiíst flooí plan (íight) of the Museum and Aít Galleíy in Chandigaíh. (íedíawn by the authoís).
The Sunset Oasis l 32
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards • Prototypes and standards of workshops A section of lighting in the Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh. natural lighting indirect natural lighting
Lighting sections of the Museum in Ahmedabad. natuíal lighting aítificial lighting indiíect aítificial lighting.
B section of lighting in the Tokyo Museum of Western Art.
The Sunset Oasis l 33
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.1 Standards • Prototypes and standards of workshops
6
The Sunset Oasis l 34
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.3 Bubble Diagram Amazigh
Craft Class
Workshop
Class
Studio Camping
Marketing Class
Educational Class
Restaurant
Awareness Class
Gallery
Open Theater Kids Area
Workshops
Commercial Market General Museum
Service & Toilets
Residential
Museum Entrance
Entrance
Admin
Storage Water transfer station
Waiting & services for devices
Parking Storage
Solid Waste recycling
Renewable center supply
The Sunset Oasis l 35
Chapter 5 l Programming 5.3 Zoning
Camping
Educational Class General Museum
Restaurant Commercial Market
Waiting & services for devices
Residential
Entrance
Parking
The Sunset Oasis l 36
Chapter 6 l Project
The Sunset Oasis l 37
Chapter 6 l Project
The Sunset Oasis l 38
References Refences :
1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_reserve 2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora 3https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=12102019 &id=b0e95f8a-d9bc4199-9f11-4fc156dfcb22 4https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=12102019 &id=b0e95f8a-d9bc4199-9f11-4fc156dfcb22 5https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=12102019 &id=b0e95f8a-d9bc4199-9f11-4fc156dfcb22 6https://globalbiodiversityprotection.org/en/cause-view/ecotourism/ 7- https://youmatter.world/en/definition/ecotourism/ 8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotourism#Principles 9https://wayakit.com/business-strategies/newtechnologies/innovative-ecotourismactivities 10https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cobi.13341 11- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotourism 12https://www.shorouknews.com/news/view.aspx?cdate=12102019 &id=b0e95f8a-d9bc4199-9f11-4fc156dfcb22 13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwa_Oasis 14https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1429692.aspx 15https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1578/htm 16https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/3/95023/Egypt-approvesfunds-for-vital-projectsin-Siwa-Alexandria-Habata 17http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/en us/topics/nature/biodiversity/ibas.asp
The Sunset Oasis l 36