MBES 2093 ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY & INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT | 2017/2018-1 | PROF. DR. MOHD HAMDAN AHMAD
ASSIGNMENT 1:
PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
GROUP MEMBER: Mohd Amir Asyraaf Zulkifli | MBE171038 Idani Atiqah Abdul Ghani | MBE161057 Lee Chang Hern | MBE161013 Lily Ting Shu Chi | MBE161012
PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA ● ● ● ● ●
The climate in Perth is warm and temperate. Coordinates: 31°57’8’’S , 115°51’32’’E Population: 1,943,858 Density: 302.8807/sq km Area: 6,417.9 sq km
Perth exp. shorter daytime (Winter)
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/location/582/
Perth exp. longer daytime (Summer)
annual temperature 18.7 °C.
is
In a year, the average rainfall is 880 mm.
Summer (December – February) Summer in Perth is hot and dry with very little rainfall. Average temperatures range from 17.5 - 30°C (63.5 86°F). In the afternoons a sea breeze called the ‘Fremantle Doctor' provides some relief from the heat.
Perth’s climate is extremely sunny, with around 3,200 hours annually, Winter (June – August) 8 hours per Winters are relatively cool and wet with temperatures day. There are ranging from 8 - 19°C (46.4 - 66.2°F). occasional storms, characterised by downpours of rain and thunderstorms.
Autumn (March – May) Spring (September – November) During autumn Perth experiences warm, sunny days During spring, days are warm and sunny with average and cooler nights with average temperatures temperatures ranging from 11.7 - 23°C (53 - 73.4°F). between 13.7 - 26°C (56.6 - 78.8°F). During autumn There is little rainfall at this time of year. There is a lot there can be occasional showers and some humidity. of flora in spring: discover more than 12,000 species Evening temperatures rarely drop below 10°C (50°F). of wildflowers, which blossom in Perth’s nature Source: http://www.australia.com/en-my/facts/weather/perth-weather.html, http://www.australia.com/enreserves and national parks. my/facts/weather/perth-weather.html
sunrise and sunset
sea temperature
snow during winter
December experiences the longest hours of daylight in Perth with sunrise at approximately 5am and sunset at 7:30pm. June has the least hours of daylight with sunrise at approximately 7:15am and sunset at 5:20pm. In summer the average sea temperature ranges from 20.9 - 22.8°C (70 - 73°F). Temperatures reach their peak in March with an average of 23.4°C (74°F), and dip in winter to 19.4 – 21.3°C (67 70°F).
humidity
cloud
rain
Perth experiences a very low rate of humidity, and it is recommended that you drink lots of fluids to avoid becoming dehydrated.
The skies above Perth are often bright blue without a cloud in the sky.
The wettest month of the year is July. The rain seems to come down hard and quickly, and will be followed in many instances with sunny periods.
Perth has never recorded snow on the ground. It rarely gets cold enough for snow to fall or frost to form. Source: http://www.australia.com/en-my/facts/weather/perth-weather.html
PERTH (WARM SUMMER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE)
Since pressure belts are caused mainly due to the temperature differences on the earth’s surface, they Dry Warm Summer with Offshore Tradesmove in response to the migration of the sun. Trade winds are offshore - no rain If the earth had not been inclined towards the sun, the pressure belts would have been as they are. But Air is dry - intense heat and RH is low it is not so, because the earth is inclined 23.5 Rainfall in Winter with Onshore Westerlies degree towards the sun. -
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Westerlies shift equatorward
June: Pressure belt shift 5 degree northward December: Pressure belt shift 5 degree southward
MBES 2093 ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY & INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT | 2017/2018-1 | PROF. DR. MOHD HAMDAN AHMAD
ASSIGNMENT 2:
PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
GROUP MEMBER: Mohd Amir Asyraaf Zulkifli | MBE171038 Idani Atiqah Abdul Ghani | MBE161057 Lee Chang Hern | MBE161013 Lily Ting Shu Chi | MBE161012
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF PERTH, WESTERN ABORIGINAL ARCHITECTURE AUSTRALIA ★ Some Aboriginal groups built huts in the form of long sheets of bark drawn into curves across a bush pole frame, thus enabling shelter from the rain and sun while preserving cross-ventilation underneath.
Source: http://www.aboriginalculture.com.au/housing.html
VERANDAH 1829 Utopia & Georgia n Styling
1850 Convict Labour, Gothic Revival & the Growth of Colony
1890 191419201929Gold 1918 1929 1939 Rush, World The The Immigra War I Garden Great tion & City Depres 1873 First verandah was constructed Prosperi sion Major Francis Grose ty
19391955 World War II
★ It is an identifiable Australian style through an adaption of British colonial archetypes when colonial architecture failed to withstand the physical forces of the Australian landscape. ★ Perth is experiencing extreme solar exposure and dry Source: Rose, however C. (2014). Research Essay: Australian Identity earth it is relieved on a Architectural daily basis by the cooling
1960s Prosperit y& Intellect ualism
1970s1980s Project Homes & Historici sm
19902000 The Contem porary Market
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Aboriginal architecture
Georgian styling first brought into Perth by British colonies ● Perth’s first colonial homes referencing colder British climates ● Simple Georgian Style using local Stones, roof shingles or thatch, windows small ● Hot in summer and damp and cold in winter
1860 - Cockman House, Wanneroo ● Small penetrations, thick walls, open structure, shingle roof ● Inadequate ventilation & Heat loss through open roof structure ● Lifted timber floor to improve
Source: file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Beckett_Chantelle_2014.pdf
1925 - Burswood (after 1890) ● Verandah and lifted timber floors ● Walls developed insulating air gaps ● Ceiling installed ● Roof ventilated ● Windows for ventilation
1932 Bassendean House ● ● ●
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Economic failure World War I & II Uninsulated lightweight structures used Verandah and lifted timber floors, roof ventilated Lightweight structures facilitate rapid
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
1957 Bayswater ● ● ●
Renewed investigation into materials and technologies Use of concrete block walls, concrete tiles and precast elements Better thermal performance as concrete block has hollow core insulation, high thermal mass (cool in summer and
1987 Munster
1962 East Cannington ● ●
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Forms begin to experiment Windows and eaves become more generous and ventilation more deliberate Casement window used on East Cannington
Source: file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Beckett_Chantelle_2014.pdf
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Value for money becomes increasingly important for as of growing housing market Ceiling reduced and windows increased for ease of construction Concrete slab appeared, density and planning
2009 Rivervale ● ● ●
Poor sustainable performance Eaves continue to be reduced. Reduced capacity for ventilation and reduced potential solar winter gain.
CASE STUDY - CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE OF PERTH, WA Building Element
Sustainable Strategies
Respond to Climate
Structur e& Constru ction
Structural steel and timber used is sourced from forest certification schemes or re-used. certain building elements are exposed so students can engage with the implementation of sustainable architecture.
All of the structural elements can be disassembled and reused at end of life. ● Decrease consumption of natural resources ● Decrease waste in landfills.
Floor
In-situ concrete ground slab and precast Delta flooring.
Green Skills Training Centre ●
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Green Skills is a 4 storey building that houses the institute’s qualifications and courses related to sustainability, the environment and green skills training. The building will be the first 6-star Green Star educational and training facility in the state. It is designed according to sustainability principles, including generating its own
Underfloor displacement of airconditioning and heat recovery system
To cool during summer and heat during winter. Reduce energy consumption To cool the building
Buildi ng Eleme nt
Sustainable Strategies
Respond to Climate
Roof
The roof is comprised of metal roof sheeting with an array of PV panels mounted above
Make full use of the sunlight, roof for cooling & create space for social activities.
On the third floor there are green roof/ outdoor area with landscaped gardens
To cool the building
Facad e
Water
Made up mainly of perforated sunscreens attached to a steel structural framework with additional PV panels distributed along the northern face of the building. â—?
rainwater
Most efficient during