Amr Zanaty
MODERN SCIENCES AND ARTS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGENEERING ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT
GRADUATION PROJECT 2017 ABOUT: El-MAX region, Alexandria, Egypt. By: AMR AYMAN ZANATY
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CH.1 PROJECT
BACKGROUND
Introduction Site Sellection Site Surrounding Why This Project? Program
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Project Location:
El-MAX, ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT 5
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FLOURISHING PAST 9
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DEGRADED PRESENT 11
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SOURCES OF PROBLEMS
ECONOMICAL ENVIROMENTAL
POVERTY
POLLUTION
SOCIAL
NEGLECTING
PHENOMENAL REGRESSION 13
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- Site Selection Criteria: Location, is it near the center of the city?, is it overlooking Elkhandaq? is it near the factories? Accessability, easy or hard to access? main and secondary roads, pedestrians and circulation. Land size, use and surroundings, surrounding buildings heights, Contours, topography and climate. 16
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The Chosen Site
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Project Program of
'JTIFSJFT 3FTFBSDI BOE 5SBJOJOH $FOUFS El-MAX, Alexandria Graduation Project Group:14i 2018 18
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Total Site area = 32340 m2 = 7.7 Fd. Project will be 30:40 % of the total area based on the district regulations law.
The Project Is Divided Into 3 Departments
Researching Department Department components:
Analytical Laboratory Toxicology Laboratory Pathology Laboratory Hatchery Laboratory Demonstration and… … Field Verification Lab. GPS. Laboratory Department Services:
Manager office Conference hall Reception Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room Library Storage Café WCs
Administration Department Department components:
General Manager office Administration Offices Accounting Office Meeting hall M.P.U Restaurant
Training Department Department components:
Lecture halls Classes Workshop Stuff offices Computer laps
Department Services:
Department Services:
Clinic Storage Café Conference hall Reception Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room Security Room WCs
Manager office Conference hall Reception Clinic Storage Café Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room WCs 19
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R e s e a r c h i n g
D e p a r t m e n t
Department components: 1. Analytical Laboratory Space Function laboratory Manager office Storage Archive Refrigerator room Sterilization oven room
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1 1 1 1
150 m2 60 m2 25 m2 20 m2 40 m2 40 m2
2. Toxicology Laboratory Space Function laboratory Manager office Storage Archive Refrigerator room Sterilization oven room
No. Of Spaces 1 1 1 1 1 1
Area For Each 150 m2 60 m2 25 m2 20 m2 40 m2 40 m2
3. Pathology Laboratory Space Function laboratory Manager office Storage Archive Refrigerator room Sterilization oven room
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1 1 1 1
150 m2 60 m2 25 m2 20 m2 40 m2 40 m2
4. Hatchery Laboratory Space Function laboratory Storage Archive Refrigerator room Sterilization oven room
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No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1 1 1
700 m2 25 m2 20 m2 40 m2 40 m2
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5. Demonstration and Field Verification Laboratory Space Function Laboratory + manager office Storage Archive
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1
250 m2 25 m2 20 m2
6. GPS. Laboratory Space Function Laboratory + manager office Storage Archive
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1
250 m2 25 m2 20 m2
Department Services: Space Function Manager office Conference hall Reception Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room Library Storage CafĂŠ WCs
No. Of Spaces 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
Area For Each 60 m2 60 m2 Open Space 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 80 m2 25 m2 Open spaces As Needed
D e p a r t m e n t
Department components: Space Function
General Manager office Administration Offices Accounting Office Meeting hall M.P.U Restaurant
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 4 1 1 1
100 m2 40 m2 30 m2 100 m2 250 m2 150 m2
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Department Services: Space Function
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
60 m2 25 m2 Open Space 40 m2 Open Space 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 30 m2 As Needed
Clinic Storage CafĂŠ Conference hall Reception Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room Security Room WCs
T r a i n i n g
D e p a r t m e n t
Department components: Space Function
No. Of Spaces
Lecture halls Classes Workshop Stuff offices Computer laps
4 4 1 2 2
Area For Each 50 m2 40 m2 750 m2 40 m2 40 m2
Department Services:
Space Function Manager office Conference hall Reception Clinic Storage CafĂŠ Electric room Cameras room Air Condition room Generators room WCs
No. Of Spaces
Area For Each
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
60 m2 40 m2 Open Space 40 m2 25 M2 Open Space 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 20 m2 As Needed
Assume any missing or different areas based on your design. 22
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Researching Department 1. Analytical Laboratory Laboratory Analytical Instruments: Analytical lab instruments encompass a wide range of instrumentation whose principle purpose is to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze samples; the chemical makeup of a sample and the quantity of each component within a sample. The wide range of available equipment also allows for a wide range of testing methods and their respective applications.
Analytical Testing Applications: Analytical laboratory instruments are used in a variety of fields, given their cross-discipline compatibility to analyze samples. Analytical lab instruments are used not only in the laboratory environment, but also on the field. They include, but are not limited to the following areas: - Analytical Chemistry - Clinical Analysis - Environmental Testing - Food & Beverage Analysis - Forensic Analysis - Life Science Research (e.g. metabolomics, genomics, proteomics) - Materials Characterization and Research - Petrochemical Testing - Pharmaceutical Analysis - And more! 23
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Analytical lab instrumentation includes those used within spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electrochemical analysis, thermal analysis, separation analysis, microscopy, and the various hybrid technologies (e.g. GC-MS and HPLC-MS). Examples of analytical instruments include mass spectrometers, chromatographs (e.g. GC and HPLC), titrators, spectrometers (e.g. AAS, X-ray, and fluorescence), particle size analyzers, rheometers, elemental analyzers (e.g. salt analyzers, CHN analyzers), thermal analyzers, and more.
https://www.labcompare.com/Laboratory-Analytical-Instruments/ 24
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Researching Department 2. Toxicology Laboratory Toxicology is a discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms (fishes and people) and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants. The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed organism is of high significance in toxicology. Factors that influence chemical toxicity include the dosage (and whether it is acute or chronic), route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment. Toxicologists are experts on poisons and poisoning.
http://portal.axisfortox.com/toxicology-testing.aspx 25
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Researching Department 3. Pathology Laboratory Clinical pathology is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids such as blood and urine, as well as tissues, using the tools of chemistry, clinical microbiology, hematology and molecular pathology.
https://www.northwell.edu/find-care/services-we-offer/pathology 26
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Researching Department 4. Hatchery Laboratory A hatchery is a facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions, especially those of fishes. It may be used for ex-situ conservation purposes, i.e. to breed rare or endangered species under controlled conditions; alternatively, it may be for economic reasons (i.e. to enhance food supplies or fishery resources). The hatchery laboratory is usually located close to the Phyto/zooplankton unit. The laboratory should be large enough to allow working together in a comfortable way while performing their routine analyses or carrying out research tests. As the laboratory is a wet room, it requires safer standards in particular for electricity circuits and slippery floors should be avoided. The laboratory should also be equipped with some tile-lined benches for microscopes and water quality analysis and should have a large sink. A small refrigerator is used to store chemical solutions and drugs. Chemical compounds should be stored in a lockable cupboard and be protected against humidity.
Manual on Hatchery Production of Seabass and Gilthead Seabream, Volume 2 By Alessandro Moretti, Food and Agriculture
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Researching Department 5. Demonstration and Field Verification offices
Researching Department 6. GPS offices The GPS offices is based on the exchange of information with the Maritime Navigation Authority located at the Port, University and Alexandria Library. This is to study the different fish species and to know their route throughout the year. Study also the expected weather, waves and storms to prepare citizens to deal with them through the training center.
http://www.eminenture.com/blog/what-are-data-mining-issues/ 28
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CH.2 PROJECT
DESIGN
INSPIRATIONS CONCEPT GENERATION OF PROJECT FINAL DESIGN HIGHLIGHTS OF HANDICAP HIGHLIGHTS OF EMERGANCY
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INSPIRATIONS
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CONCEPT:
The Concept is inspired from the shapes idea of lighthouse lights. A lighthouse is a tower designed to emit light from a system of lenses and to serve as a navigational aid for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways. Lighthouses mark dangerous coastlines, hazardous shoals, reefs, and safe entries to harbors; they also assist in aerial navigation. Once widely used, the number of operational lighthouses has declined due to the expense of maintenance and use of electronic navigational systems. If the ships follow the lighting they will be guided to their targets. Also in the project, if the citizens follow the guides as it should, the target of the project will be achieved which is reviving the citizens living. The inspiration of the form of lighting is in several buildings linked to each other leading to the point is considered the center and represent the target of the project. To get to this point you must follow what is issued from different project sections. As in the lighthouse we must follow the lighting until we reach the land which is considered the target of the journey.
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step 1: Imagine the form of emission of illumination from lenses. step 2: Define the grid which will be the basis of the project masses. step 3: Determine the initial shapes of the project masses and the relationships between them.
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FIRST GENERATION OF THE PROJECT:
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El-MAX FINAL GENERATION OF THE PROJECT:
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CH.3 CONSTRUCTION & STRUCTURE
MATERIALS: 1. FACADE 2. WALLS DETAILS: 1. WALLS SECTION 2. TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURE SYSEMS 3D ISOMETRIC
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Elevation:
Dynamic Fasade:
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Gypsum Area Separation Walls:
Gypsum separation walls provide a 2-hour fire protection and also serve as noise reduction between neighboring units. These walls can be used on constructions up to four stories in height and are compatible with standard floor to ceiling heights.
ICF Walls:
Insulated Concrete forms are a new method being used by contractors to qualify for energy credit and other types of ratings. Many home builders are using the most obvious and currently most popular alternative: Insulating Concrete Forms (ICFs).
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Cinder Block Walls:
Cinder block walls, concrete masonry block walls or whatever term you use, have to be done carefully following simple steps. Tips, information and how to build the wall.
Structural Insulated Panels:
Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) are used in floors, walls, and roofs providing an extremely durable, strong and energy-efficient highperformance material. Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) are typically made by a plastic foam rigid insulation between two structural skin surfaces such as oriented strand boards (OSB).
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Structural Systems:
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Amr Zanaty Advantages of Steel: - Speed of Construction. Structural steel enhances construction productivity because of its shop fabrication while maintaining tight construction tolerances. - Lower Project Costs. - Aesthetic Appeal. - High Strength. - Sustainable. - Innovative. - Modifiable. - Efficient.
Steel Frame: Steel, which has high tensile strength, is used with concrete in order to counteract the concrete’s low tensile strength and ductility. The main purpose of inclusion of steel is resist tensile stress in particular regions of the concrete that may cause structural failure or cracking. 3D Isometric for structures:
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CH.4 ENVIROMENTAL STUDIES
LIGHTING STRATEGY VENTILATION STRATEGY WIND STUDY
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LIGHTING STRATEGY: To create a successful balance between lighting and architecture, it’s important to remember three key aspects of architectural lighting: (1) aesthetic, (2) function, and (3) efficiency. Aesthetic is where designers and architects focus on the emotional impact the balance of lighting and architecture will have on occupants. It’s where designers determine how they want people to feel when they walk around a space. This aspect is especially important for retail locations; exterior lighting should draw the consumer in, and the interior lighting should awe them as they walk through the doors in addition to showing off product. The second aspect, function, cannot be overlooked. We want the lighting to look a certain way, but we have to also make sure it serves its most important purpose – to help us see. Areas should be illuminated so occupants feel safe when navigating a room or entire building. They should be able to see the floor and walls around them, which should create a feeling of reassurance. The final aspect is very important in today’s age of green building and sustainability movements. It’s one thing to create a breathtaking lighting layout, but it’s another to create a breathtaking layout that is also incredibly energy efficient. This can be done by assuring the majority of the light is reaching its target and there is less wasted light. Reducing the amount of wasted light will make the building more efficient. An easy way this can be done is to install LEDs instead of fluorescent lighting. Because of the technology, there is less wasted light with LEDs than fluorescent due to the directional nature of LEDs.
The way lighting can help bring value to the function of architecture.
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El-MAX Natural ventilation principles: All natural ventilation principles are based on the principle of ensuring healthy and comfortable indoor climate through minimal energy consumption and at minimal cost. In general, our ventilation systems are designed around the following three fundamental principles:
1. Single-sided ventilation:
The illustration shows a typical situation in an office with single side-ventilation, i.e. a room with windows on only one side. The example shows the room during the winter months. The surrounding air is often cold in winter, meaning that windows cannot be opened for longer periods. To overcome this problem pulse ventilation is used. Windows are opened for short periods of time ensuring that the air in the room is replaced quickly. Because cold air creates draughts even at very low wind speeds, the windows are quickly closed again after a set period of time. High wind speeds and low outdoor temperatures further limit the amount of time that the windows are open.
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2. Cross ventilation:
The illustration shows the cross-ventilation principle. Cross ventilation is achieved using windows on both sides of the room, creating a current of air across the room. If the windows on both sides of the room are open, the overpressure on the side of the building facing into the wind and/or low pressure on the opposite sheltered side will create a current of air through the room/rooms from the exposed side to the sheltered side. To ensure optimal airflow with as few draughts as possible, the windows on the side of the building that is facing the wind are not opened as much as the windows on the sheltered side.
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3. Stack ventilation:
The illustration shows the stack effect that arises as a consequence of temperature differences. Warm air rises because it is less dense than cold air. When warm air rises to the roof of a building it creates a slight vacuum in the building’s lower levels, which in turn pulls fresh air in through windows in the ground floor. This creates a natural airflow. This physical process depends on the height difference between the windows that are used to let outdoor air in and the windows used to exhaust ‘used’ air. Windows in the roof are used to let the ‘used’ air escape and the windows in the lower levels are used to let fresh air into the building. In the illustration, the stack effect is combined with the wind direction. Wind direction determines which windows are used to let air in and which windows are used to exhaust air from the building. The ground floor windows on the sheltered side are opened more than the windows on the wind-exposed side, whereas only the windows in the sheltered side of the roof are opened.
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El-MAX WIND STUDIES:
Wind rose: Data (meteoblue,2017).
Bioclimatic chart: with design stategy zones, Data source (Olgyay, V.2015), illustrated by (authors, 2017)
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IMPACT IN MY PLAN:
WIND TURBINE (UGE-4K) : • • • • • • • •
They can produce electricity in any wind direction. Low production cost as compared to horizontal axis wind turbine. Easy installation as compared to other wind turbine. Easy to transport from one place to other Low maintenance cost. They can be install in urban area. Low risk for human and birds because blades moves at relatively low speed. They are particularly suitable for areas with extreme weather conditions.
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CH.5 SUSTAINABILITY STUDIES
ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL ECONOMIC
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General Sustainability :
Definition : sustainability is the ability to proceed with known behavior indefinitely. And it depends on environmental, economical and social sustainability. 1) Environmental sustainability is the ability to preserve rates of renewable resource harvest, pollution creation, and non-renewable resource depletion that can be continued indefinitely. 2) Economic sustainability is the ability to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely. 3) Social sustainability is the ability of a social system, such as a country, to function at a defined level of social well being indefinitely.
Architectural Sustainability : Definition : Decreases the negative effect on the environment and human well-being, in this way enhancing the performance during a building's life cycle. Watchful thought is given to water, energy, building materials, and wastes. The importance of sustainable architecture : to rescue world from problems that face it as a result of : 1) increase of population day by day. 2) high consumption of energy and unrenewable resources. 3) Depletion of natural resources.
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How to achieve sustainable architecture ? 1) Building Materials : - use reused and recycled materials. - use local materials for low cost. - use materials with low carbon footprint. 2) Waste management : - reuse grey water in toilets. - reuse recycled black water in irrigation. -low flue taps and showers . - use bio wastes to get energy. 3) Energy efficiency : - provide natural ventilation and lighting. - use new technology to benefit from renewable resources of energy - use high techniques for insulation - use passive and high techniques for heating and cooling . Examples of sustainable architectural elements : 1) Green roof: Green roof can bring down the temperature in your home, enhance neighborhood air quality and enable add to green space in urban regions where concrete is the significant material. Green roof can be as straightforward as a few sorts of ground cover or incorporate a wonderful blend of greenery, succulents, ground cover, and even plants. 2) Water collecting system: The main idea behind a water collecting system is to catch water to irrigate your garden and once in a while to use in the home. To install any kind of water collecting system, it's essential to check neighborhood laws first. A few zones don't permit any water collecting system. 3) Solar panels: solar panels are used for benefit from direct sun radiation in energy generation and in heating system of air and water in the building. 68
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Thnks For Your Time ... Amr Zanaty 2017 69