ABDUCENS AC A D E M I C B U N D L E O F C R E AT I O N S W N T D 2 0 1 9 - BY A M SA U N H AS
PUBLIC POSTER
STOP SMOKING BEFORE SMOKE STOPS YOU Andi Muhammad Febrian Cakra, Nadya Halida, Jeremia Erikson Lee
Stop Smoking Before Smoke Stops You
The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than 7 million people a year. More than 6 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while around 890 000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to secondhand smoke1. It is well known that half the people who smoke regularly today about 650 million people will eventually be killed by tobacco. There are 4000 known chemicals in tobacco smoke, 250 of them are known to be harmful and more than 50are known to cause cancer in humans2. Why those numbers are keep increasing each year? It is because people are not aware about the negative effect of smoking. Studies show that few people understand the specific health risks of tobacco use. For example, a 2009 survey in China revealed that only 38% of smokers knew that smoking causes coronary heart disease and only 27% knew that it causes stroke.3 Unfortunately, not all of those people who smoke know the negative effect of smoking. Cigarette smoking causes more than 480,000 deaths each year in the United States, this is nearly one in five deaths.4 Smoking causes a lot of disease to our body. It causes about 90% (or 9 out of 10) of all lung cancer deaths.4 Smokers are at greater risk for diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular disease), which includes stroke and coronary heart disease, which are among the leading causes of death in the United States. Smoking can cause cancer almost anywhere in your body. If nobody smoked, one of every three cancer deaths in the United States would not happen. It can be harder for woman who smoke to become pregnant.4Smoking can also affect her baby’s health before and after birth.4 This poster aims to spread the awareness to the society about how far smoking can affect our health. Many people think that they are going to be okay for smoking because not every smoker they now in their life die because of smoking. “Stop smoking before smoke stops you” are very easy to be understood by the society, it will increase their awareness about smoking. Our poster contain some condition that can be happen to every people who’s smoking. We hope this poster can increase the knowledge of the society about the danger of smoking and can reduce the number of smokers.
References: 1. Leading cause of death, illness and impoverishment. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2018 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco 2. Second-hand smoke kills. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2018 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/tobacco 3. Tobacco users need help to quit. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2018 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/newsroom/factsheets/detail/tobacco 4. Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking. Center of Disease Control [Internet]. 2018 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoki ng/index.htm
YOU ARE YOUR KIDS ROLE MODEL Frederick Wirawan, Alma Sutyono, Muh. Yusuf Halim
YOU ARE YOUR KIDS’ ROLE MODEL According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, In 2018, about 7 of every 100 middle school students (7.2%) and about 27 of every 100 high school students (27.1%) reported current use of a tobacco product. Also, study from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, showed that compared to children whose parents do not smoke and who reported no temptations to smoke, their peers who reported some temptations were no more of less likely to be ever smokers; however children who live with at least one parent who smokes were more likely to be ever smokers.
Smoking itself has a lot of health effect, such as affect men’s sperm which can reduce fertility, affect bone health, increase risk of cataracts, can cause cancer almost anywhere in our body, can cause lung disease, increase risk of cardiovascular disease, and many more. On the other hand, smoking among young people also have some health effects such as, smoking hurts young people’s physical fitness, teenage smokers will most likely suffer from shortness of breath, increasing heart rate, etc. Can you imagine what would happen to your kids years from now if they start smoking at early ages? And the worst part of all this, is they take you as a an example for them. The best way to avoid smoking at early age, is educate the parents and raising awareness of the harmful health effect of smoking so they could reduce the tobacco use or even stop using it, especially in front of their kids. Smoking in front of kids, also can make them a passive smoker which has the same of maybe worst for their health. It is best to start the prevention from now, because parent is a role model for their kids. Quit smoking now.
References: 1. Youth and Tobacco Use. Center for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. 2019 [accessed May 16th 2019]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/youth_data/tobacco_use/index.ht m 2. Health Effects of Cigarettes Smoking. Center for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. 2019 [accessed May 16th 2019]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoki ng/index.htm 3. The moderating role of parental smoking on their children's attitudes toward smoking among a predominantly minority sample: a cross-sectional analysis. Texas, USA: The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center [Internet]. 2008 [accessed May 16th 2019]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2490678/
SMOKING IS RISKY, NOT ONLY FOR YOU BUT ALSO FOR EVERYONE AROUND YOU Leony Octavia, Andi Muh. Rifky, Ahmad Taufik Fadillah Zainal
Smoking Is Risky, Not Only For You But Also For Everyone Around You In 2015, over 1.1 billion people smoked tobacco. Far more males than females smoked tobacco. Tobacco contains nicotine, an ingredient that can lead to addiction and is the second leading cause of death in the world1. It is well known that half the people who smoke regularly today about 650 million people will eventually be killed by tobacco. There are 4000 known chemicals in tobacco smoke, 250 of them are known to be harmful and more than 50 are known to cause cancer in humans2. One important thing that, tobacco smoke in enclosed spaces is breathed in by everyone, exposing smokers and nonsmokers or second-hand smoke (SHS) alike to its harmful effects. Passive smoking or Second-hand smoke is almost as dangerous as active smoking. According to Global Burden of Disease (GBD), the last 10 years, the death rate caused by passive smoking has increased and reached 1.22 million in 2017, the risk of death by passive smoking increases at an older age (Graph 1).3
Graph 1. Secondhand smoke deaths by age in the world. Over 700 million children, or almost half of the world's total, breathe air polluted by tobacco smoke. Around 40% of children have at least one smoking parent. In 2004, children accounted for 31% of the 600 000 premature deaths attributable to second-hand smoke.4 In adults, second-hand smoke causes serious respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, including lung cancer and coronary heart disease. In infants, it causes sudden death syndrome. In pregnant women, it causes low birth weight. Neither filttration nor ventilation, even in combination, can’t reduce tobacco smoke exposure indoors to levels that are considered acceptable. Only 100% smoke-free environments provide effective protection.5 This shows, that when we smoke, indirectly, we kill ourselves and the people around us that we love, our
friends, our parents, our children, our wife or husband and also can kill our babies in the womb of our wives. From these facts, we cannot escape and hide behind reasons not to stop smoking. Then, are we going to equate the value of cigarettes with the people we love. Therefore, one and only solution is quit smoking before it's too late. Quitting smoking is difficult. Strong determination and desire are needed because there are so many things that will trigger you to return to smoking.6,7 Therefore, our posters are made to illustrate that smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves, but also harmful to the people around them. As an action to increase the awareness of smokers and is expected to trigger the strong determination of smokers to stop smoking before it's too late. And we are here to say: You can do this! First, Make a schedule for all the things you will do instead of smoking. Plan now to keep yourself busy. Then, imagine your holiday social scene and visualize yourself smoke-free. Be ready to create distractions for yourself if necessary. Join to attend a stop smoking class to increase your chances of success. Stay upbeat about your ability to make a change. Even if you have tried to quit smoking before, keep your chin up about your effort to quit this time. Convince yourself that this is your last time you’ll have go through this.8 This can really be a force for you to stop smoking. Quitting aids such as lozenges, patches and gum can help reduce physical withdrawal symptoms. They have been proven to be a tool to help people become smoke-free. Eventually you’ll have to stop using them, of course. But if they help you not to smoke, then stay with them for now until you can really stop smoking without that tool.9 Once you become a nonsmoker, remember that facing any situation, smoking is no longer an option. Keep yourself away from the environment and situations that can trigger you to return to smoking, and do positive things that can provide many benefits for yourself and those around you. So, if you are still smoking now, throw away your cigarette and stop smoking before it's too late.
References 1. Prevalence of tobacco smoking. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2019 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/gho/tobacco/use/en/ 2. Second-hand smoke kills. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2018 [accessed May 12th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/tobacco 3. Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) Results. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2018. Available from: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool 4. M. Ahmad, R. Meenakshisundaram. The Effects of Active and Passive Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease. Heart and Toxins. 2017. 5. Why is smoking an issue for non-smokers?. World Health Organization [Internet]. 2012 [accessed May 13th 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/features/qa/60/en/ 6. American Society of Addiction Medicine. Public Policy Statement on Nicotine Addiction and Tobaccoexternal icon. Chevy Chase (MD): American Society of Addiction Medicine, 2008 [accessed 14th May 2019]. 7. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2010 [accessed 14th May 2019]. 8. Quitting Smoking. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Intenet]. 2019 [accessed May 14th 2019]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/cessati-on/quitting/index.htm 9. Steve T. How to quit smoking forever. UCI Health [Internet]. 2016 [accessed May 14th 2019]. Available from: https://www.ucihealth.org/blog/2016/12/quit-smokingtips