THE CPM UHTG SOLUTION
Energy Harvesting from Waste and Biomass
WASTE TO ENERGY
A MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN I am sure that we can all agree that, in an ideal world, converting all our waste products to new and useful materials would solve, what so many of us now believe to be, the most pressing problem facing our whole civilization. It is therefore with pride and pleasure that I am able to tell you that such a system of waste management - the ecotechnology of the future - is here and now a practical, economic reality. During a 15 years R&D program, CPM UHTG has developed the ultimate solution to treat waste without waste residues and without harmful emissions to the environment. At the same time the system recovers all valuable constituents of the waste at highly economic conditions. CPM UHTG approach is today’s most Efficient, high-tech waste-to-energy technology. At temperatures in excess of 1200°C, CPM UHTG converts: Organic material to a valuable syngas which can be used in turn to produce electricity Inorganic material to a non-leachable, basalt-like, harmless residue which also can be reused, e.g. for building or road construction. Contrary to incineration, there is no fire burning in CPM UHTG gasification reactor and Therefore no smoke stack is required. On top of that, CPM UHTG has been able to solve the main disadvantages of standard pyrolysis by operating at elevated temperatures without oxygen, which insures the creation of a clean gas and a clean residue; even the most stringent environmental laws and regulations are met (German BimSchG and California Clean Air Act). This state-of-the-art technology is a thermal conversion at ultra-high temperatures without oxygen. The key element of this space age technology is the ability to create intense heat at low cost through a specially developed heating system. To achieve this, advanced materials had to be developed which can withstand such elevated temperatures over a long period of time without corrosion or oxidation.
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MISSION STATEMENT CPM UHTG TECHNOLOGY
To safeguard
Human health and the environment;
To provide
Efficient and cost-effective, environmental friendly waste management and alternative energy production;
To deliver
A thermal degradation system that completely sanitizes waste and recovers all valuable elements at the highest efficiency;
To destroy
Toxic components at ultra-high temperatures, without any harmful emissions to the environment, using state of the art technology
To recover
And utilize the energy content of the waste.
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WASTE TO ENERGY
CPM UHTG TECHNOLOGY CPM UHTG ultra-high temperature gasification system is a, unique, patented technology for the safe disposal of waste. At the same time the technology offers maximum benefits from the calorific values contained in the organic part of the waste. CPM UHTG system meets the most rigorous environmental regulations and guidelines issued worldwide. The ease of operation, high efficiency and productivity of CPM UHTG thermal converter makes it the most exciting and versatile waste-to-energy unit on the market today. It is designed to be a hard working tool for governments and businesses alike to eradicate toxins of virtually any kind! Sludge Treatment Plant, Neustadt, Germany
CPM UHTG INVENTION
CPM UHTG ultra-high temperature gasification system is essentially superior to all existing waste disposal technologies. The core of each CPM UHTG plant is the worldwide patented ultra-high temperature reactor.
HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE?
Intense heat at low cost! New, specially developed materials which withstand high temperatures above 1250°C without corrosion or oxidation.
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WASTE TO ENERGY
A UNIQUE CONCEPT Ultra-high temperature gasification is the destructive distillation of an organic material. This distillation process involves the application of intense, indirect, thermal energy in the absence of oxygen which reduces: 1. The organic material 100% to a combustible gas; and 2. The inorganic content to non-hazardous, non-toxic, non-leachable, basalt like residue.
This means:
Maximum reduction in volume
Production of energy-rich gases
Excellent Waste-to-Energy potential
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WASTE TO ENERGY
WHAT HAPPENS IN THE REACTOR
CnHm
CH4 + H2 + C
CH4 + H2O
CO + 3H2
C + H2O
CO + H2
C + CO2
2 CO
The above formula is the conversion of non-useable organic energy to a useable energetic syngas. This transformation only happens above a temperature of 1250 °C, the result is an exceptionally clean gas. Only at such elevated temperatures the tar content is also converted to energy and does not contaminate the gas. The pioneering efforts of CPM UHTG have resulted in the world’s first ultra-high temperature gasification system. “Competitive” systems do not operate above 800 °C suffering from various, well known disadvantages, mainly the tar contamination of the gas that generally limits the commercial use.
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TYPICAL REACTIONS It must be emphasized that CPM UHTG technology converts all carbon combinations to a synthetic gas. Aggressive gas combinations with high sulfur or chlorine content react as follows: 2 H2S + H2SO3 Sulfur + sulfuric acid
3 S + 3 H2O Sulfur + Water
(C2H3Cl)n + 2 n H2O PVC + water steam
2 n CO + 3 n H2 + n HCl syngas + hydrochloric acid
When applying CPM UHTG technology to various waste streams typical reactions are as follows:
Example:
Rubber tires and rubber related products: (C5H8)n + 5 n H2O Rubber + water steam
Example:
Biomass such as wood and similar products (C6H12O6)n Wood, cellulose
Example:
5 n CO + 9 n H2 syngas
6 n CO + 6 n H2 syngas
Plastics, heavy oils and paraffin products (CH2)n + n H2O Polyethylene + water steam
n CO + 2 n H2 syngas
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COMPARISON
Treatment
Type
Carbon yield
Efficiency
100%
CPM UHTG
All organic material
100%
Dry pyrolysis
All organic material
80% *
80%
Fermentation, composting
Biomass only
50% **
50%
Incineration
All organic material
0%
33%
* With dry pyrolysis, approx. 200 gr. of charcoal remain out of 1 kg wood, which is approx. 20% of the carbon content. This residue cannot be treated any further with this process.
** Composting converts only one out of two carbon atoms into methane. The first C-atom is released into the atmosphere as CO2, the second is lost for entropy reasons respectively.
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POTENTIAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION A plant using organic waste has the following approximate production potential per ton of waste: (Formula to convert kcal into kWh/kg:
=
kcal x 1.16
kWh/kg)
1000 Calorific Content of Waste
3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000
kcal kcal kcal kcal kcal kcal kcal
/ / / / / / /
kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
Example:
kWh / kg
kWh / ton
3.5 4.6 5.8 6.7 8.1 9.3 10.4
3500 4600 5800 6700 8100 9300 10400
Calorific value of waste Production capacity
: :
4000 kcal / kg 24 t / day
4640 kWh / h x 24 h = 111’360 kW / day
Available chemical energy: approx. 90%
= approx. 4’000 kWh
Excluding utilization of off-heat
35% efficiency (gas engine) Own consumption Remaining for sale Per day (24 hours) per ton
= = = =
approx. 1’400 kWh approx. 330 kWh approx. 1’070 kWh approx. 25’680 kWh
Including utilization of off-heat
60% efficiency Own consumption Remaining for sale Per day (24 hours) per ton
= = = =
approx. 2’400 kWh approx. 330 kWh approx. 2’070 kWh approx. 49’680 kWh
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FLOW DIAGRAM
Pretreatment
Storage
Transport
GASIFICATION
Inert Material
Syngas
Gas Motor
Electricity Generator
Off-Heat
Heat Exchanger
Heating / Cooling
Electricity Market
Own Consumption 10
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PLANT LAYOUT
CPM UHTG consists of four major assemblies; these are, in turn, broken down into subassemblies. As shown above, the system is related in a line – this represents the order. The actual placement, as long as this material and gas flow order is respected, can be adapted to any geographic area.
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MARKET DESCRIPTION
Geographically, the major markets for CPM UHTG technology are the industrialized nations of Europe and North America. However, tremendous waste volume and contamination problems have been identified around the world. Evermore, the subject of non-fossil fuel production from renewable sources is being discussed. CPM UHTG guarantees the highest efficiency concerning the treatment of biomass. CPM UHTG technology offers the solution to clean up toxic waste sites and convert the present waste streams to products of benefit to the environment and the client. Following information is provided regarding quantities of waste in various countries.
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WASTE TO ENERGY
WASTE STREAMS General Waste
Sludge treatment from waste water plants Hospital waste Demolition waste General industrial waste Solid municipal waste Food waste from super markets
Agricultural Waste
Animal waste / manure Animal rendering Animal farine Citrus peels Coconut husks
Special Industrial Waste
Auto shredder residue (ASR) Car tires Plastics Industrial sludge Black liquor from wood treatment
Alternative Energy Sources
Bark and wood chips Residue from rape seed oil manufacturing Heavy oils and tar sands (hydro-cracking) Coal fines Biodiesel / methanol production
New Regulation Waste
Cleanup of old waste dumps Oil sludge Harbor reception facilities Flare gas treatment.
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WHY CPM UHTG? Why is the market so interested in CPM UHTG? Only system on the market working above 1250° No harmful emissions to the atmosphere No dangerous residues to dispose of after treatment Highest energy recovery guaranteed (power output per ton) All valuable contents of the waste are recoverable Treatment of all kinds of waste, including hazardous and toxic material Oxygen free operation (no fire means no smoke stack is needed) Meeting the highest and most severe environmental rules and regulations Customer oriented, modular, upgradeable system A fraction of the size of a common waste treatment plant Various energy utilization possible Steam shift technology possible Far lower investment, operation, and maintenance costs than any common waste treatment plant Low energy requirements Simple operation
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How is this possible? Intense heat at low cost Development of unique, heat resistant materials Control of corrosion and oxidation
STRATEGIC PARTNERS
EAWAG / ETH Zürich, Switzerland (Technical University of Switzerland) University of Witten, Germany Technical University of Munich, Germany Directorate General for Research, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, PA/USA University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA/USA Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
CPM UHTG is presently involved in a sewage sludge treatment project supported by the European Commission Research Directorate General and has been chosen the leading company for high-temperature gasification and hydrolysis.
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WASTE TO ENERGY
SUMMARY CPM UHTG offers a complete line and upgrading system to treat waste without waste residues Rational Economical Environmentally compatible Highly profitable
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