Revista El Caballo Español 2009, n.191 (English)

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Letter from the President

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hese words will see the light coinciding with the 37th General Assembly of ANCCE. For that very reason, I would like to confront two, currently “hot” topics. On the one hand, the alleged European Union resolution in response to the claim raised by the UCE. ANCCE has little to say about the matter, among other things, because we but victims of the claim presented by the association presided by Antonio Albá, in which case, it was the actual Ministry of Agriculture, therefore, therefore ANCCE must simply respect justice and the law. That said, if I wanted to specify what the Ministry itself—now of the Ministry of Environment—has informed us, it is, in fact, not a resolution, as some have lead us to believe, and even less, as matter that may not be appealed. Rather, it is a summons for the aforementioned Ministry to answer a series of questions in connection with the accusation presented, with regards to the possible failure of Spain to comply with EU legislation, when it comes to the criteria for the recognition and the concepts of the stud book. The Ministry has responded to the summons with technical and legal arguments about the suitability of its decisions, arguments that will defend, with the support of accuracy, and the legislation of Spain. On the other hand, I would like to highlight the presentation of the new statutes for their approval, should this be deemed suitable, by the General Assembly. The current by-laws were edited in 1998, and have, with the passing of time, become obsolete. It was considered better to restructure them in depth, than to patch them depending on the requirements that we might come across from time to time. With the experiences of the last electoral processes and the disciplinary actions that we all remember, we

were able to verify legal gaps that have made it very difficult to confront the situations which ANCCE must face, at least every four years. I believe that the statutes presented before the Assembly are modern and operative, and they remove a great deal of the presidential character that the association has always had. Moreover, these by-laws facilitate all types of procedures, but principally the electoral processes, which needed a series of aspects for clarity and transparency. These needs were very clear to the Election Board that regulated our last elections. Within a few months, there will once again be elections for the Presidency of ANCCE. I consider it vital to have statutes in place to help these elections go smoothly. Some breeders have expressed the opinion that it was a bit opportunist to present them to this Assembly. I honestly fail to understand why. My Executive Board believes that this is simply a responsible and coherent action. Responsible, because ANCCE needs them, and our reality requires them. Coherent, because we promised this when we accepted the task of running ANCCE. I would like ANCCE to have a legal framework that will give us all the same opportunities while retaining a spirit of continuity throughout time. Due to this, an excellent legal team has acted as consultants, which was an enormous help when designing these statutes, which I believe will be the best tool available to all our members. Javier Conde Cerrato Presidente de ANCCE

El Caballo Español

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT LETTERS TO THE EDITOR INTERVIEW

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PEDRO LLARGUÉS ROCA

NEWS THE FORUM

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Dolores Puerta Emilio Caro

OUTSTANDING HORSES

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PRE IN HUNGARY

SPORTS

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EQUESTRIAN TRADES

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JOSÉ MANUEL AGROBA MOLINA María Sáez

ANCCE REPORTS

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PRE HISTORY

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CHARLES DARWIN AND THE PUREBRED SPANISH HORSE Juan Carlos Atamirano

DRESSAGE

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CHANGES IN DRESSAGE REGULATIONS José A. Fdez. Lineros

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ANCCE

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summary

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ALTA ESCUELA CANTER PIROUETTES II Alfonso Cuesta

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DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE ADJUSTING THE BUDGET Esther Gutiérrez

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INTERNATIONAL

ASSOCIATIONS

FROM THE ARCHIVES COMPETITIONS CALENDAR

LIST OF ANCCE BREEDERS

Cover Page: Ganadería Frascico Olivera, S.L. Photo: Manuel Vasco El Caballo Español

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Letters to the Editor 2*161 %#4.15 0›K'<

Basic training In the March issue of the magazine “El Caballo EspaĂąol,â€? I read statements by Mr. Manuel Novales in which he says “that with a good basic training, we will definitely end up seeing four P.R.E. horses in the Spanish team.â€? I think he has a huge job to do, and our stud farm will certainly give all the necessary support to try and improve competition from the grassroots, but it seems that the Ministry, the Federation and ANCCE fail to share the same opinion on this subject. In 2008, the Ministry eliminated all the grants it offered to hold the Young Horse Circuits for Dressage. This year, ANCCE has just announced that the prize-grants that it awarded for this same concept and which, off course, were more or less a quarter of what the Ministry gave, will be eliminated in full. In summary, neither the Ministry, nor the Federation nor ANCCE will give a single Euro this year to the young horse dressage circuits, which are the grassroots competitions and from where our future champions will arise. I believe that it is an absolute priority to try and convince the Ministry to reinstate their old grants, which was extremely important in the improvement of the quality of the young P.R.E. horses in dressage (the level has increased enormously); otherwise the grassroots competitions will disappear and we will have to continue hoping for a “silver liningâ€?—in other words, a bit of luck in which from time to time an Evento, an Invasor or a Fuego will appear on the horizon This is certainly not the policy followed by any of the countries within the European Union against whom we are competing. The P.R.E. horse is part of our heritage and it is our obligation to support and improve the breed. REAAE student riding a horse owned by the Military Stud farm

Ignacio Susaeta

Dialogue brings us closer to one another and enriches us. Experiences, stories, consultations, and opinions from all who support the Purebred Spanish Horse are good for us and are interesting to everyone. The magazine “El Caballo EspaĂąolâ€? trusts that this section, “Letters to the Editorâ€?, will be an interesting and useful means of communication with its readers. The letters to this section must be signed, with name, surname(s), ID and telephone number, and must not exceed 350 words. Send your letters for publication to:

! " #$%$# & ' ' * (EspaĂąa) + / 2 4 *66 ;6 2

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ANCCE

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Olimpica II, owned by Yeguada Cartago and bred by Agrícola Peralta

THE PROANCCE PLATFORM And copy to the President of ANCCE Having read your letter, I’m fully convinced and impressed by your concern for ANCCE and the smooth running of the Stud Book. I am delighted to know that there are unselfish people within our sector. Likewise, I believe that all breeders should join you in on your magnanimous defense of ANCCE and the (Lg-PRE-ANCCE) Stud Book. However, when I read it again, I understand nothing. The name is PLATAFORMA PROANCCE (ProANCCE Platform). Does ANCCE have some problem with the name PLATFORM PROANCCE? Is it in danger? Do we need to save it? If we are already members of ANCCE, why do we have to join another pseudo-association to save it? Is being a member of ANCCE not sufficient support it? Before all the breeders start signing up, I would like you to clearly explain what dangers are lurking ANCCE and the Stud Book. ANCCE breeders already support the STUD BOOK and we hope that it will function as best as possible and little by little it seems that things are improving. I see no reason why it is necessary to create a commission (Incidentally, it was already created, with the responsibilities designated).

By the way, I do not feel that the people making up “YOUR” commission are the most appropriate for a Stud Book “control Commission” and, in addition, I understand that this commission already exists within the ANCCE Committee. Oh, by the way, have you thought about the breeders who are not members of ANCCE, who should also be represented on this commission? To me, this invention smells more of a political movement within ANCCE, rather than a pre-election campaign positioning. In other words, someone is trying to mislead us like idiots. Therefore, my dear gentlemen, I won’t be signing up. Mr. President of ANCCE, hold true to the task of your office, and make sure the rug from under your feed is not pulled out, as has been doing lately. Even the people who handle your magazine (your people) are forming pre-election campaigns for future candidates that will oppose you. Do us all a favor, whether you leave or stay, you have limited time in office, but sufficient to undertake an in depth reformation of the STATUTES and to transform ANCCE into a genuinely democratic, open and representative Association for the future. Be brave and do it. Ramón Martín Hernández-Cañizares

El Caballo Español

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Interview

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P E D R O LLARGUÉS ROCA

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Pedro LLargués Roca, PRE Horse breeder and broker, owns one of the most important and extensive PRE horse sales centers at the national and international level. He has a comprehensive selection of horses with an even greater variety of characteristics. This fact has ensured the sales PRE horses the world over. He is an expert on the purchase and sales of horses, and of the current market situation.

Please evaluate the current situation of the equine market, and in short, that of the Spanish market. The buzzword is economic crisis; indeed, there is an international crisis that generally affects all market sectors and perhaps, it is even greater in Spain, because in recent times, we have, or at least apparently have, enjoyed major economic abundance. With regards to the current market situation for PRE horses, you hear that it is at a standstill; that nothing is selling. This is, in fact, not the case; it is only that the type of market has changed. Until now, a horse, for mere fact that it was registered, was a particular color or was big, made it worth something. Today, everything has changed; for a horse to be worth anything, it must fulfill specific conditions (breed, movement, use etc.). We are in constant change and now the market demands other values from the horses. Within the equine market, where do you see growth? Could you outline the information in terms of colors, countries, and uses of the horses, if they prefer geldings, etc.? There are three important, but differentiated demands for a PRE. One is aimed towards dressage; here very functional horses are required, even if the breed prototype is sacrificed. A second area requires the typical, easy to ride and beautiful PRE. This buyer is the non-professional who loves the oldfashioned Spanish Horse. The third client type seeks special colors, which are starting to become an important, sought-after market within the PRE world. Tendencies usually move by area. Where PREs are just becoming fashionable, the preferred color is gray. Russia, China, the USA, usually go for gray or bay, beautiful and functional horses always selling better. Thanks to the demand in Mexico for black PRE horses, it was the fashion in Spain to breed black horses. Currently, California and Central

America are pursuing special-color horses like chestnut, palomino, dun, isabela and albino. The old Europe is a great lover of the PRE, all types being in demand; while with countries such as Finland, England and Switzerland, which consume a lot of PRE horse, they usually want geldings, without this affecting the final price. Which markets are saturated? I don’t think that any market is really saturated, because markets are renewable: What I believe is that there are markets that are "disregarded" or badly managed, where the constant evolution of which we have been speaking has not yet arrived. Immersed in this profound crisis, what must we offer buyers? Within the economic crisis that we are experiencing, our sector like any other, has suffered an incredible inflation of prices, which, in a short period of time, has left everyone unsure of the market values and prices of each horse. You have to offer buyers what they really want. It has to be a horse that will serve them for the task they want to perform and at a price in relation to the offer on the market, and of course, with guarantees for the product they are buying, so that they never feel disappointed. In summary, it is necessary to supply clients with quality horses and a caring service.

“In the market for PRE horses, you hear that it is at a standstill; that nothing is selling. This is, in fact, not the case; it is only that the type of market has changed”

Do you consider the non-professional Spanish rider a potential client? How can we reach them? Of course, the non-professional Spanish rider is potential client that has been forsaken in recent years, favoring breeders and promoting the good horses at stud farm. All this has led to an excess of products (horses) and a lack of consumers. I therefore consider that it is necessary to reach out to them just as we reached out to breeders by promoting small competitions suited to the various equestrian level to all types of riders from children, to mums and dads, and even for older people and in all the disciplines, including Dressage, Show jumping, or Carriage Driving, and right up

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The non-professional Spanish rider is a potential client we have forsaken in “recent years�

to top level competitions. What is clear is that if we do not take care of the rider, who is, after all, the consumer of our product, there will not be no outlet for all the horses produced by breeders. What measures of adjustment do you believe are currently necessary in the PRE? Dressage is very important in a PRE horse to reach the final consumer. But selection is more important, because today, to be able to sell a horse, it must have a great number of qualities; these factors automatically cause the price of the horse to rise or fall. Therefore, the breeder must always be well informed of the demand and movements within the market. What do you think about the market between the breeders? I think that the market between breeders could be good, but on occasion it is difficult to understand. It is rumored that the Spanish equestrian market is saturated. Do you believe this is the case? Yes, great part of this saturation is due to what I have commented above. In recent years, we have promoted breeding more than the riding. A lot of horses have been bred, good, OK, and bad. Sales abroad were not the main objective as the main consumer was the Spanish breeder. Horses from Spain were worth more than those from abroad; thus a lot of foreign horses were

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imported, and some of these were even PRE. The economic crisis reached Spain at the gallop and this has blocked all type of horses and as a consequence we are suffering this standstill. Looking ahead a couple of years, it will be positive, because, as they are at more affordable prices today. This will allow them to reach a sector of consumers who previously bought horses of other breeds and types, so we will enjoy an increase in PRE consumers, within and outside of Spain. Also, at the stud farm level, there is a meticulous selection of products, leading to a better quality horse, which will be more commercial and facilitate a higher sales price. Does the Internet help sales? No. Horse sales continues to be a direct and personal operation, but Internet does help to show what is available in Spain and the world, Taking advantage of the opportunity that ANCCE offers me, I would like to summons PRE breeders, riders and enthusiasts in general and remind them that despite these difficult times, we must not stop fighting for the PRE. We must all continue to contribute our individual grain of sand so that the PRE is positioned where it deserves to be.

"I would like to summons PRE breeders, riders and enthusiasts in general and remind them that despite these difficult times, we must not stop fighting for the PRE"

Thank you

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AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EQUESTRIAN FEDERATION OF SPAIN AND THE ALFONSO X EL SABIO UNIVERSITY EL CABALLO ESPAĂ‘OL The PRE horse magazine since 1978

Edited by: AsociaciĂłn Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza EspaĂąola (ANCCE) Cortijo de Cuarto (Viejo) #$%$# ' ^__ ` J * {|# }~# € }Q %  ‚ {|# }~# } %| Qƒ www.ancce.com 4 *66 ;6 2 Editor-in-Chief: Javier Conde Cerrato Editorial Committee: ComisiĂłn de ComunicaciĂłn de la ANCCE Editor: Inmaculada RodrĂ­guez * 4 *66 ;6 2 Publicity: Alejandro SĂĄnchez {|# }~# €} Q % 6 2 6 4 *66 ;6 2 Photos: Rafael Lemos, Manuel Vasco, Carlos NuĂąez, MarĂ­a GĂłmez Design and Set up: Editorial Maratania www.maratania.es 2 * 42 * ; Translations: Yreva Arobed SL 66 * 4/

;6 2 Photo mechanics and Printing: J. de Haro Artes GrĂĄficas, S.L. www.jdeharo.com

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J ;6 2 ISSN $€€} # Q| Legal Registration Code: SE-1965-2009 Š All rights reserved. No part of this magazine, including its contents, texts, graphics and photographs, whether in English or Spanish, may be reproduced by any means without specific written permission from the publishers. El Caballo EspaĂąol is not responsible for the opinions expressed by its collaborators in the articles published.

A collaboration agreement between the RFHE (Royal Equestrian Federation of Spain) and the Alfonso X el Sabio University was signed on the morning of the April first at the main offices of the RFHE. By virtue of this, the RFHE and the UAX will carry out a series of joint training activities in various equestrian related fields (veterinary science, administration, technicians, etc.). This agreement will also make it possible for Spanish teams to use the extraordinary veterinary complex at the University, which has the latest technology in linked to the treatment and analysis of horses. Both institutions will also closely collaborate to promote their own activities. This will facilitate access to the aforementioned labs to all those who are federation members.

Javier Revuelta and JesĂşs FernĂĄndez

THE 2014 WORLD EQUESTRIAN GAMES WILL TAKE PLACE IN AUGUST IN NORMANDY, FRANCE The International Equestrian Federation has chosen the venue @ J Q%$# Z [ * Games. Normandy will host the seventh edition of the World Equestrian Games and the first one to be held in France. These World Equestrian Games combine the world championships of the eight FEI disciplines. There are no less than 900 horses, 800 riders and drivers from 60 nations taking part under the watchful eyes of some 300,000 spectators, who are expected during two weeks * ] @ Q%$#;

News El Caballo EspaĂąol

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2009 GOLD HORSE AWARD FOR MIGUEL ANGEL DE CARDENAS OSUNA Miguel Angel de Cรกrdenas Osuna, owner of the Yeguada Cรกrdenas, PRE breeder and members of ANCCE, has been awarded the 2009 Golden Horse. This is the maximum recognition granted by the Jerez City Hall to citizens that have proven to be most outstanding in their contribution to the equine world. Because of his endless love for this courtly steed, Miguel Angel de Cรกrdenas, from ร cija, has dedicated his life to horses. He

has promoted the PRE at the international level more than anyone else. Fuego XII, the only PRE horse in the Spanish National Team at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, is his star horse and his best proclaimed discovery. This award is the recognition of an entire life dedicated and linked to this noble animal. It will be presented on Saturday, the 16th of May, during the Jerez Horse Fair, the most important week in the Jerez festival calendar.

NATURAL TRAINING CLINIC IMPARTED BY LUCY REES Natural training was the subject over the weekend of the 20th to 22nd of February, in Cรกceres (province of Badajoz). Ethologist and Welsh trainer Lucy Rees led the course, which took place in the equestrian facilities Dehesa Boyal in Torrejoncillo. The aim of this course was for the students to acquire knowledge about the behavior of horses in their natural habitat to enable them to communicate and treat their horse without misunderstandings. The

objective was to find harmony with the horse, so that it confides and will fully co-operates with the rider while its movements are free of tension. In natural training, a direct route to the will of the horse is used, so that it will cooperate. The results with badly behaved youngsters and adults have been spectacular. It the means for horses to understand with its own logic, without seeking to force the horse to understand our logic.

CANTABRIA SUBSIDIZES BREEDING The goal of the grants strives to achieve genetic improvements of livestock of Cantabria The Regional Ministry for Rural Development, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and Biodiversity in Cantabria has provided a total of 1,855,000 euros to subsidize the breeding of pure bovine and equine breed females. Those seeking these grants must be the owners of a PRE Horse breeding farm. It must be registered with the Regional Ministry, have a sufficient capacity and suitable professional personnel or be able to acquire

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these within a maximum period of two years from the end of the application period. Likewise, the females born must be registered in the Stud Book, the milk production must not exceed the referred assigned capacity, as well as complying with the obligations for the environment, hygiene, well-being and health of the animals, in addition to all the fiscal aspects. The maximum value of each individual grant will vary

depending on the type of breeding operation; in the case of equines, and more specifically PRE horses, the amount calculated is up to 300 euros per mare. Also, newly registered farms are also eligible for grants. One hundred percent of the expenses to register with the associations and the Stud Book will be financed for a maximum of three years.

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DEATH OF OFICIAL XXIX OFICIAL XXIX, a sire stallion owned by Yeguada Susaeta and bred by Marín García, died on the 6th March at 22 years of age. He had become the stud farm’s main sire stallion and left more than 150 offspring, among were four Young Recommended Breeding Stallions for Dressage, Enorme, Decreto, Descanso and Facul.

Oficial XXIX at liberty

COVERING STATION RETURNS TO SAN ROQUE As of this past 26th of February, the San Roque Town Council Office for the Environment opened a Covering Station in the area of the Arroyo de la Madrevieja. This service, unique in the province of Cadiz, will run until the 21st May, open mornings and afternoons. The San Roque Covering Station is located in a zone outside town known as Arroyo de Madrevieja, within the Public Park known as “Parque de la Vida.” After more than a century of tradition and services rendered, the facilities have been adapted to modern times. Some 28,000 euros have been invested to improve the Covering Station facilities that will have repercussions

on a series of services. This, in turn, will transform it into one of the best facilities in the region. The San Roque Town Council Alderman for the Environment, Miguel Núñez, indicated that this year, the stud farm has brought to San Roque six magnificent examples of PRE horses: Repoker, Senado, Len, Tecol, Urgel IV and Descaro, one more than last year. Of these six, artificial insemination was used to cover four mares while only two were covered naturally; this confirms the tendency that favors artificial insemination. _ / 2 Q#% mares, of which 85% were PREs, were covered at the San Roque Covering Station, which opens is gates from the beginning of March to the end of May.

El Caballo Español

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EVENTING CLINIC

The FEBA (Basic Riding Federation) training program

* J $# J @ 6J J J ] * * @ * Eventing clinic, held at the Royal Pineda Club in Sevilla. The instructors were Eduardo Gortázar, International Eventing rider (CCE), trainer of event horses and Senior Equitation Instructor, who was in charge of the cross-country part; and Pedro Rivero, Senior Equitation Instructor, Instructor of Equitation Sports Technician Courses, member of the FAH (Andalusian Equestrian Federation) tribunals, and national CCE competition rider, who was in charge of the classes of dressage and show jumping. Expectations were fulfilled, with 26 riders, to ensure that the classes taught were manageable and effective. The workshop was extremely practical, although there was also a theoretical section. Following this, participants were divided into groups, according to the level of equitation and experience, to continue working with the horses, which was the part for which everyone was impatiently waiting. Of the 26 participants, 15 were nothing less than totally new to the discipline of CCE, and to the FEBA training programs! The most advanced group spent the morning on the cross-country, where they learned how to warm-up their horse, the position of galloping cross-country, the cruise speed, how to approach the different types of obstacles, benches, water jumps, hedges, ditches, etc. Meanwhile, those with less experience spent the morning in the arena preparing their horses for dressage and carrying out exercises of the preliminary test and other basic notions for the dressage part of eventing. Inspector Almansa jumping Tesoro, owned by the National Police Force

EQUSOS NEEDS YOU Equsos, a non-profit making association, created thanks to the efforts of a group of equine professionals and enthusiasts to help, defend and protect equines that have suffered abuse, abandonment, rescued from the slaughterhouse, etc. This charitable organization also offers services to SEPRONA (Spain’s Civil Guard unit for the Protection of Nature Service). The 5000-square meter refuge cares for and offers assistance to a very small number of animals. They are currently only able to offer aid to eight horses, due to a lack of facilities and resources; each animal needs a minimum of €200/month. The problem is that Equsos does not receive any subsidies from the government so it needs the economic collaboration of volunteers. Equsos has created a two-phase program. The first of these is to equip and prepare the center to be able aid the horses that arrive. This is where the organization is at the current point in time. The second phase is to look for an occupation for the horses, so that they feel helped, loved and useful. To do this, they are working to promote the social and work inclusion of the horses, through alternative equine therapies (equine therapy) as a means, rehabilitation within therapeutic processes, personal improvement, etc. If you require additional information, please see their web-site: www. equsos.es.tl

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KING JUAN CARLOS RECEIVES THE ASAJA BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT THE ZARZUELA PALACE H.M. the King of Spain held an audience for 50 members of the ASAJA Board of Directors on the 1st of April at the Zarzuela Palace. This audience is part of the 20th anniversary commemorative events that the Organization is holding. The ASAJA (Young Farmers’ Agricultural Association) delegation, in celebration of the 20th anniversary, attended the Zarzuela Palace. The Organization was represented by the provincial and regional presidents, headed by the National President, Pedro Barato, and by the General Secretary, Juan Sánchez - Brunete. The king greeted all the members of the delegation one by one, and he talked to them for several minutes. Javier Conde, the President of ANCCE, had the honor of attending this commemorative event, in representation of the association.

Asaja Group

H.M. The King, with Javier Conde, President of ANCCE

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TRIBUTE TO FRANCISCO ACEDO TRUJILLO, EX-PRESIDENT OF THE ANDALUSIAN EQUESTRIAN FEDERATION Several institutions and personalities of the equestrian world launched tribute to Francisco Acedo Trujillo for his administration, good will and dedication as President of the Andalusian Equestrian Federation for the period of two legislatures (2000-2008). This tribute took place during the luncheon held at in the Royal Pineda Club of Seville, on the 20th of March. Surrounded by many relatives and friends, the event took place with the brilliance he deserved.

NEW NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR PARENTS OF DRESSAGE STUDENTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE YOUNG RIDERS A new association wants to open the way into the world of the equitation. The objective is to support, promote and protect the young riders involved in Dressage. It is the National Association for Parents of Dressage Students (ANPADC). This is an initiative that was started by the parents of riders, who have wanted

REST IN PEACE

to approach other parents whose children take part in this discipline. The President, María Antonia Macías, by means of a letter, has explained that there is a need “to defend the rights of these riders before public institutions, regional ministries, city councils, federations, etc. so that they become more involved”.

On behalf of ANCCE and EL CABALLO ESPAÑOL, we would like to express our heartfelt condolences to those families, closely related to the world of the horse, who have recently lost a loved one. From the whole Association, our earnest encouragement, support and strength go to you during these hard times. Rest in Peace: Tomás Páramo Rodríguez Mª Angeles Ramos Paul Miriam Molina Fernández de los Ríos Juan Antonio León Blanco Asunción Quiroga López Manuel Díaz Ortega Miguel Zamorano Caballero Concepción Ruiz Pérez

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2ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE SPANISH ALTA ESCUELA ASSOCIATION IN SEVILLA MERCEDES GONZÁLEZ CORT WAS NAMED 2009 HONORARY MEMBER

The Second Ordinary General Assembly of the Spanish Alta Escuela (High School) Association (AAEE) took place on the 13th of March in Sevilla The event began with the intervention of Joaquín Fernández Cepedello, who reviewed the activities and novelties that the AAEE had carried out in 2008. Next, the treasurer of the AAEE, Pedro García Lamb, and the President,

Álvaro Domecq Romero took the podium. They informed those attending about their experiences with the PRE horses in Germany. They also supported the new book by Mercedes González Cort and eulogized the equestrian career of the 2008 Honorary Member, Ángel Peralta Pineda. The Assembly concluded with the presentation of the 2008 Diploma of Honor to Ángel Peralta

Pineda, appointing the 2009 Honorary Member as Mercedes González Cort and a conference about the manual Monta Española, normas y manejos (Spanish Riding, Regulations and handling). Representatives from the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art of Jerez, ANCCE, sponsors, members and guests were amongst those present.

Antonio Maldonado, Jaime Guardiola, Álvaro Domecq, Ángel Peralta & Joaquín Fernández

THE NUMBER OF INSEMINATIONS FOR EQUINE REPRODUCTION WILL BE MAINTAINED IN 2009

In Lorca (province of Granada), the Director General of the Modernization of Agricultural Farms and Training, Ángel García Lidón, confirmed that this year the number of inseminations for equine reproduction will be the same as in 2008. The official for the regional government visited the Equine Artificial Insemination Center of Lorca, where the Followup Commission of the collaboration agreement for the maintenance of

this Center was signed between the Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Water and the Lorca City Council. Last year a total of 203 mares were inseminated, twice as many as in 2007. The success rate exceeded 80 percent “when the average of other centers in Spain is 60 percent”. Lidón also highlighted that “for this season three PRE sire stallions have been brought from the Military Stallion Depot in Écija”.

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The Forum

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The Forum

Dolores Puerta Veterinarian specialist in acupuncture and chiropractics

EQUINE ACUPUNCTURE After almost twenty years of equine veterinary medicine, some ďŹ fteen years using acupuncture on a daily basis, and having seen the progress of the PRE Horse, I would like to provide a general overview of what acupuncture is and more speciďŹ cally, how it can apply to the PRE.

A

cupuncture is a medical technique that has been used in China for about 3,000 years to treat a number of ailments. Its use in people and horses coincided in time as a horse was considered part of a warrior. Therefore, a sick or lame horse was a great loss in battle, thus, both the horse and the warrior had to be treated equally. Subsequently, the Jesuits introduced acupuncture into Europe between 1500-1600, and from there, it has extended all over the world. Acupuncture can be used alone or in combination with western medical treatments or other medicines to attend a series of illnesses. Modern veterinary acupuncture uses acupuncture needles, hypodermic needles, needles for bleeding points, electroacupuncture, phytotherapy, heat, massage and low level laser to stimulate the points. It must be understood that acupuncture is not a medicine that cures everything. However, I must say that it does work very well when correctly indicated. According to traditional Chinese medicine, illness is the result of an energy imbalance within the body. Acupuncture works to balance this

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energy and help the body cure itself. In terms of Western medicine, acupuncture can help the body cure itself by creating new physiological changes. For example, it can stimulate nerves, increase blood circulation in certain areas, alleviate muscular spasms, and liberate hormones, such as endorphins. Many of the physiological effects of acupuncture have been scientifically proven, although others have yet been studied in depth. Currently, traditional Chinese medicine is used in the treatment of horses as preventive medicine, as well as healing and palliative medicine. Acupuncture used as preventive medicine in stallions is generally used in reproduction. It is used to keep their health in balance so that fertility does not

decrease. It helps maintain their defense level while in the same preventing infections. It is also used to strengthen their digestive system to take full advantage of food intake and transform it into energy and good health. Acupuncture used for healing, as commented before, can be applied to cure a range of ailments from an ordinary cold, to infertility problems in mares, colic, laminitis, and problems where the horses

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have trouble gaining weight, etc. One field where I have extensive experience is acupuncture in competition horses. These days, many of our PRE horses are dedicated to disciplines such as Dressage and Alta Escuela (High School). These horses are subject to major muscular-skeletal and joint stress. It is here where acupuncture can achieve excellent results when it comes to pain. This type of pain is very easy to eliminate with acupuncture, but we must not start believing that it is something magical. This pain derives from a specific cause. It is here that the skill of the veterinary acupuncturist comes into play to not only eliminate the symptoms—such as pain—but also the cause. This latter is sometimes possible while at other times it is not. Acupuncture provides excellent results, although at the same time, I must say in that a lot can be achieved with one session, but one is not enough. Several sessions must be carried

out to achieve correct balance. Currently, and thanks to the evident results obtained, most Olympic equestrian teams and highperformance athletic teams are accompanied by a veterinarian acupuncturist and chiropractor. To conclude, acupuncture provides admirable results as palliative medicine. As mentioned before, acupuncture does not cure everything, but it can alleviate a number of problems. We can therefore use it in all types of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis processes. We know that we will not cure osteoarthriitis, but if joint pain can be relieved, the patient can enjoy better quality of life. When the pain disappears, performance improves, be this competition, reproduction or simply in general. So, to conclude, acupuncture is an extremely effective tool to provide our patients and clients with a quality life.

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Escuela de Saumur

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The Forum

Emilio Caro Expert in Equine Husbandry

THE UPBRINGING OF FOALS I. BIRTH AND THE FIRST MONTHS OF LIFE The birth of a foal is undoubtably an emotional moment, full of happiness for any breeder. However, the responsibility for doing a good job of breeding and selecting the livestock can sometimes cause a certain degree of unease and doubt when applying suitable methods and techniques to each case. This series of articles strives to guide breeders with brief and concise notes based on traditional breeding methods that are applicable to all young horses, whatever their future use will be. Birth of Boticario LIX. Owned by Yeguada Candau

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F

rom the moment in that the foal is born, it is not only of vital importance to supervise its health, but also the relationship with its mother—what is commonly known as “bonding”. The correct development of a foal during its first days of life will depend, to a great extent, on the fact that the foal is born healthy and its mother accepts and guards it. Therefore, the foal must be very carefully observed immediately after birth in search of evidence or symptoms of physical problems, such as malformations, undeveloped limbs, respiratory problems, or vision problems, to contact the veterinarian as soon as possible. Once you confirm that the foal is healthy, it should be left alone with its mother so that she gets to know it by smelling and licking it; as is usual, without interfering too much while observing that there is no aggressiveness on behalf of the mare towards the foal. After some time—this varies according to the vitality and strength of the foal, but not exceeding two hours following birth—the foal will begin to try to stand and will start to try to get close to its mother to suckle for the first time. The first time the foal sucks it is important to watch carefully to ensure that it has no difficulties and that the mare accepts the foal suckling. Occasionally, a foal will have problems getting up or will look for its mother's udders but is unable to suckle due to clumsiness or because the mare does not allow it. Should this happen, the foal must be carefully helped to its feet, and when necessary, the mare should be held so that the foal can suck until it is able to do so on its own. Special attention must be paid when dealing with maiden mares and those that have previously rejected their foals or have had any other type of bonding problems with previous foals. It is also important to make sure that the mare has enough, good quality colostrums. To do this, make sure that the udder has enough milk, checking that it increases considerably in size in the hours after foaling and that the foal is satiated and lively during its first day of life. If this is

not the case, it will be necessary by little, they get used to their to supplement or to substitute surroundings, to the work on the the maternal milk with special stud farm and being handled by artificial milk for nursing foals. To their grooms. It is very important quickly remove all doubt, there that the people in charge of the are some very simple methods to direct treatment of the foals and analyze the mare’s colostrums, as their mothers approach these well as feed additives for lactating progressively, with no hurry and mares, which can, in most cases, treating them in a natural and kind considerably increase the quantity manner. It is a good idea to take and quality of the milk. advantage of the quieter moments With regards to the location of when the foals are alongside the mare and her foal following their mothers to gain their trust, its birth, ideally they should both accept their presence and allow remain under cover for the first few themselves to be touched. days, in an especially designed It is very important that the place. This is particularly important foals accept the presence of their when the birth takes place in grooms without problems before the winter months and/or under starting the weaning process. adverse weather conditions. This The staff should increasingly have can help the mare recover from contact the foals throughout the the foaling, and to strengthen the foal, also facilitating the surveillance of both. A few days after the birth, having checked that the foal is feeding and developing normally and that its relationship with its mother is secure, the next concern for the breeder is that the new foal adapts to the general, stud farm working environment and integrates the foal with the other horses. To do this, it is wise to turn out the mare and foal with a herd of mares that have also foaled at a similar time in an effort to avoid other horses (sire stallions, older youngsters, empty mares without foals at foot, etc.) which could harm it and Bronca with her foal, owned by Yeguada Candau interfere with its correct development during the first months of life. Thus, the handling tasks for grooms daily activities, such as grooming will also be simplified, as they will them, putting on their first head be able to work with horses of collars, tying them up, etc., as the identical characteristics, treating first months of life pass. All of this them in a similar manner. will help with the correct weaning It is normal for new foals to live process, which is a most traumatic together until they are weaned, experience for foals and which will always accompanying their be carefully covered in the next mothers in all their activities; little article.

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T HE M A L L

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T HE M A L L

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Outstanding Horses

This sections is to tell the story of the many PRE horses, both in Spain and abroad, that have undertaken a specific activity and that have been most outstanding in a field thanks to their dedication. Some will have been renown athlets that have reached the highest levels in competitive sports, while others, may very well be a horse that is dedicated to saddle work with children and who cares for them, or perhaps a mare that now, complies with her daily field work, or that pulls a carriage that shows tourists the wonders of the city. If you know of a PRE that could be the bases for a story in this section, please contact us by phone at +34-954-689-260 or e-mail at: prensa@ancce.com

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Equestrian Exhibition in the Heroes’ Square, in Budapest

Borsó Béla, born in Hungary and a person who loves Purebred Spanish Horses, has undertaken the task of promoting our breed abroad, and more specifically, in Hungry. He is the Vice-president of the Hungarian Equestrian Federation and owner of a Spanish riding school based on classic principles. In addition to this, he covers the entire country with his equestrian show Apassionata, in which the true stars are the Purebred Spanish Horses Borsó, do you think that the PRE is a good competition horse? The PRE is a fine horse for competition because of his unique advantages, such as a perfect nervous system, his ability for collection, which leads to a better piaffe and passage, it conformation etc.. On the other hand, breeders have to pay a lot of attention to improving the strength of the hind quarters and the correct training of the young horses. What attracted you the Spanish horses to select them as your breed of preference? Previously, we used to be one of the biggest stud farms in our country. We bred Holstein horses, and had

about 100 mares. These were mainly for high level competitions, and we had great success. To breed German horses on long term basis is very difficult because of the narrow genetic reservoir and the intensive inbreeding. In 1997, we accepted the invitation of the Spanish Ambassador in Hungary, Mr. Benavides, and paid a visit to the stud farm belonging to Mr. Domecq, in Los Arburejos. This was our first experience with Spanish Horses and the great equestrian culture of your country. We became fascinated by the Spanish Horse from the first moment on. The beauty, strength and intelligence of the PRE drove us to

change the contents of our activity after 12 years, which had been successful in both competition, and economically. We bought our first PRE-horses in 2000, sold our old stud farm to the Hungarian state, and from that moment on, the main aim of our equestrian activity was to establish a stable presence of PRE in Hungary by building up a Spanish riding institution step by step. But following our principles, which say that the person who buys a PRE is simultaneously receiving an important part of the culture and history of Spain, our first step was to learn Spanish, collect all the existing literature about PRE horses

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in German, English and Spanish. We then visited the most important stud farms, visited SICAB, and sent our daughters to Spain. (Both of these are excellent riders and university graduates.) Our younger daughter, Dorothea Borso, spent almost a whole year in Spain, in order to familiarize herself with the Spanish equestrian culture, and to establish connections with major equestrian professionals and with the Royal Riding School in Jerez. It was only after collecting these experiences and information that we started to purchase the horses. The horses you have now, were they all purchased in Spain? Can you provide a bit of background about your horses, their origins, etc.? The first horses we bought in Spain represented different types and different lines of PRE. It was important was each that individual had a correct conformation and special quality. The most important horses were Imitador IV, from L. Canizares Moreno. This was a horse that had been very well trained by Ignazio Rambla, and had perfect movement. In Hungary he covered more than fifty mares of different origins. Then there is Ocle 1, from Juan Moreno Rubio. This is a young stallion with very special movement and a splendid character. Festivo 3, from F. Gonzales Solis-Merida. This is a bay stallion with high expectations in breeding. He also has more than 20 offspring in Hungary from different mares. Vagabondo III, an excellent stallion from F.Garrocho, with special power and training. Elegido LIII, from Agricola Guzman. This is a young black stallion with very special character and intelligence, who we have trained up to grand prix level. And I could continue, but, in summary, up to 2008 we certainly bought more than 30 good quality PRE horses and assisted other purchasers from Hungary in buying PRE. Amongst these were also four mares, three of them from Yeguada Azores and one from Larios. The result of this is that the number of PRE horses now in Hungary must be almost 200. Up to this stage, we had a lot of assistance from our good friends such as Fernando Garcia, the owner of the beautiful Epona riding school in Carmona; Dr.Juan Crespo, Luis Miguel and Louis Correa, the rejoneador-family from Merida and Ignacio Lopez, JosĂŠ Maria Sachez Coboz and others. Finally, in 2007, we established the official Spanish Riding School, in cooperation with the equestrian riding school and a wellknown Hungarian University. A result of this will be that our students, apart from the high level practical training and experience in performances, will also receive an official certificate, enabling them to act as teachers and trainers. Carrousel by the Spanish Riding School in Hungary, performing Shoulder-in 2*1615 #0'66 51/1);8#4+

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Simultaneously, we signed a contract with the state authority which secures us the possibility of regular performances in the Royal Castle of Budapest. At this stage we were forced to improve and complete our stud farm with further highly trained horses and highquality mares, so as to ensure its long term continuity. Being that we are breeding, we decided to acquire new, highly trained stallions and ten mares from Mr. Alvaro Domecq Romero, in the autumn of 2008. At the same time we agreed to a long-term cooperation with Don Alvaro and his team, to undertake clinics, trainings and joint performances in Hungary. I must underline here, that in the past six months, the period that

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Students working in the arena of the Spanish Riding School in Hungary

Don Alvaro's horses have been with us, we have experienced only the best from them. For us, these are the ideal PRE horses - in quality, performance, handling, etc. You can see very clearly that they are the result of very careful and competent breeding work, for generations, and not by chance. It is not a lucky accident that this genetic reservoir produced three Olympic horses for Spain, and we are very glad to be sharing in this treasure. Your horses also perform in equestrian shows. Bors贸, what is the basis for their performances? We are regular participants at almost all important equestrianevents in Hungary, besides which, we ourselves organize horse shows such as Apassionata, which had

20,000 spectators. Last year, a big equestrian event was organized in the heart of the capital, place of the heroes, called National Gallop. It went along the principles of the well known Palio of Siena, Italy. We played an important rule in this show by giving the galaperformance with our PRE horses. This will be repeated on the 31st May and the 1st June this year. We are expecting an audience of more than a hundred thousand! You are considered a pioneer in the breeding of PRE Horses in Hungry. Could you summarize the current situation of the equine market there? Hungary is a very special market for horses. Up to the end of the Second World War, Hungary was the horse-breeding country of central

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Dorottya Bors贸 performing a pessade

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and Western Europe. We exported about 80 thousand horses per year to European countries, mainly for cavalry purposes. The horses were trained by the famous Hussars, which were a Hungarian tradition known all over the world. After the Second World War, Hungary faced a period of depression, which had a bad influence on the equestrian culture. Slowly, after recovering from this, Hungary was brought back to strength, above all by the traditional discipline, carriage driving. And, at present, equestrian society is coming up with remarkable results in show jumping - especially with young riders and juniors. Thanks to the country’s good geographically location, traditions and an ideal

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Exhibition by Ágnes Borsó riding Vagabundo

climate for breeding, Hungary is taking steps to regain its place in central Europe, as an important country when it comes to horses. These days, Hungary is also influenced by the world-wide economic crisis, but this unfortunate occurrence will hopefully also result in the increased need for the classical values of life, and then the beauty, strength and intelligence of the PRE will gain importance in the equestrian life of Europe. Even now we feel a growing demand for PRE horses. You have always been well linked with major Spanish equestrian professionals, besides learning, what other things have they brought you?

The most important thing that major Spanish equestrian professionals have brought to us is the unique enthusiasm for the PRE and the equestrian culture and tradition of Spain. Do you have a long-term plan to promote the PRE in Hungary? We are planning the promotion and breeding of high-quality PRE horses in Hungary, by the abovementioned methods, over a very long term. We have truly invested a fortune up to now in this field, and we will go on doing so, but sometimes a greater assistance would help us a lot. We hope sometime to have the possibility of proving our ability at SICAB. Thanks a lot

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Sports DRESSAGE

ANCCE TEAM MAGIN MATEU, OWNER OF LATIGO VI

In what condition is Latigo VI t to confront this new competition season? Sincerely, the horse is physically very well; in addition, I believe that he has a privileged mind. What work perspectives do you have prepared for Latigo VI? He works daily, from Monday to Friday, being prepared for the test, with work on his muscles, thinking of the season that has just begun, and that it could be quite hard. Which of the exercises in the new test he faces do you think he will perform best? He is a horse that has three very correct paces and typical of the breed, with a lot of expression; up to now the three averages have been quite high, with no great differences; I would particularly highlight the trot.

Has the horse participated in any Dressage Clinics, or has he had training lessons with any trainer other that his usual one? After SICAB, we spent two months in Jerez with an Olympic rider, working day by day; in addition, just up to yesterday, we did another. We have also been to three more clinics, always with top riders. Our intention is to do at least one a month. Let us hope there are no injuries and we can make the most of our scholarship. 2*161 %#4.15 0 K'<

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Látigo VI, owned by Magin Mateu and bred by Hnos. Rodríguez-Arias

Has Latigo VI had many difficulties in the flying changes or, on the contrary, does he find them easy and has resolved them without much difficulty? To tell the truth, we are very happy with the first difficulty in the tests for young horses, to be honest, the horse has a very good disposition to resolve these without too much difficulty.

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MARÍA JOSÉ RUÍZ, OWNER OF ENORME ¿What CDN * * * competitions do you have on your calendar for this year? We hope to be able to begin competing after the summer. In what condition is the horse to confront this new competition season? Enorme is in very good condition, but there is a huge difference in the levels between the 6 year-old tests and Prix St Georges, and we have to be patient. Do you believe that Enorme will get good scores in the Prix St Georges- Intermediare I tests?

Enorme from Yeguada Susaeta

To be honest, we think that this will be very difficult, because he is too young. Have there been any significant changes to the training of the horse? The horse is being trained by Brigitte Van Der Hagen and Raúl Piedra. Which of the exercises in the new test that he is faced with do you believe that he will perform best? Probably the half-pass at trot and canter and the extended walk.

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JOSÉ IGNACIO SÁNCHEZ VELÁZQUEZ, OWNER OF PILATOS Physically and mentally, how are the horse and rider, Cándido - Pilatos for this new competition season? Although the presence of Cándido with Gusarapo at Equitana (Germany) for 15 days has delayed the preparation of Pilatos a little, at this time they have already restarted training. Both are in full swing and our rider is excited, not only because of the start of the competition season, but also because he will be a member of the ANCCE dressage team. José Ignacio, how many competitions will we see Pilatos competing at? Which ones have been proposed? We will begin with the three National*** closest to the stud farm, which are Cuenca, Albacete and Yeguada San José. Then will continue with the circuit that we normally follow, such as the Costa del Sol and Montenmedio, and looking for, whenever possible, the coincidence with the Young Horse Circuit.

This year Pilatos enters a new stage, the test for five year-olds, which includes new exercises. Is he finding these difficult? Absolutely not, the horse is progressing at the rhythm that we expected. Which of the exercises in the new test he faces do you think he will perform best: the half circles in counter canter or the transitions from walk to canter? The transitions. Is Pilatos receiving any additional type of training lessons from his trainer? Cándido Tardio, his rider and trainer, is working on exercises that really belong to a level somewhat superior to what he does, but always taking particular care that these are not detrimental to his physical development.

ANCCE TEAM Pilatos is owned by Yeguada El Moralejo

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SERGIO MARTÍ, RIDER OF ARMAS ZARZEÑO, OWNED BY ORIENTALIA HISPANIA ¿Sergio, how many competitions do you have on your calendar for this year? About 6 or 7 between dressage and conformation. In what condition is Armas Zarzeño to confront this new competition season? At the moment, he is in very great shape, both physically and mentally. Will you compete in the initial competitions to see how the horse is developing, or will you wait until later in the season to enter with the most consolidated horse in his test? His first dressage competition was in April in Valencia and then we will be watching his development throughout the season.

Has there been anything new or significant in the training of Armas Zarzeño? I am trying to improve the activity of his hindquarters and start working on the piaffe. This year the horse is taking part in a new test with new exercises such as flying changes. Has he encountered much difficulty with this exercise, or, on the contrary, does the horse find them easy, and resolved these without much difficulty? The horse has capacity to make good flying changes but they need to be more mechanical and relaxed.

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Armas Zarzeño is owned by Orientalia Hispania

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DRIVING

THIRD EDITION OF THE ROYAL CARRIAGE DRIVING CLUB OF ANDALUSIA CUP The Royal Carriage Driving Club of Andalusia held, for the third consecutive year, the 2008-2009 Royal Carriage Driving Club of Andalusia Cup. This competition consists of tests performed in the categories of singles and pairs, and that are a mixture of the Marathon and Cones from a national or international competition carriage driving competition, in a closed arena, with a total of 20 gates. The winner is the driver who is able to complete the round in the least time with no penalties from the judges. 2*161 /#01.1 8#5%1

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Yeguada El Diabolo turnout competing in Mairena del Alcor Juan Robles, 1st place in the Federation Level Dressage and Cones Combined Driving Event in Mairena del Alcor

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here are a total of ten confirmed competitions, which are to take place at a variety of venues throughout Andalusia. To date, four have been held. The first took place on the 13th of December at the Pineda race track in Sevilla, in conjunction with the now traditional Christmas Cup. The new competitors, keen to win the Cup were two brothers, Juan Pablo and Felipe Ortega Llano, two cousins, JosĂŠ Enrique and AdriĂĄn Troncoso, Pilar Hinojos and Pedro Porres. The second competition, and first of this year, was held in SanlĂşcar La Mayor. It was supposed to be on the 1st of February, but had to be postponed to the 22nd, due to the severe weather. Of the thirty-nine carriages entered, thirty-five participated, which made the complexity of the test more bearable. As for the new participants, the following must be mentioned: Fernando Prieto and Antonio Maraver, Juan Antonio GarcĂ­a and Juan GarcĂ­a Lozano who have not appeared since the fourth competition of last season and the new additions were Mercedes FernĂĄndez, Justo Jesus Castellano, Jesus Requena, Juan JosĂŠ GutiĂŠrrez, 40

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JosĂŠ Manuel LeĂłn Garrido, Pablo Pera, among others. The third of the competitions, although chronologically it fell as the second, was in Coria del Rio on J $# J @  /; ] * J were a good number of participants, with thirty entered. Most of the new participants—who have already been mentioned above for their participation in the SanlĂşcar La Mayor venue—made their debut here. In addition, there were another four outstanding participants: Martin CalderĂłn, Ana MuĂąoz, who represented Spain last year in Europe, in international Eventing Competitions, JosĂŠ Manuel GayĂĄn, and JosĂŠ Ă lvaro AntĂşnez. At the fourth competition to date—held in Mairena del Alcor on the 28th of February—drivers had to do “double timeâ€?. The First Combined Carriage Driving Event of Dressage and Cones at the federation was held on the same day in cooperation with the FAH (Andalusian Equestrian Federation). With regards to the new incorporations, the participation of the International Judge from Valencia, Manuel Ăšbeda RuĂ­z, must

be highlighted, who made his debut and took first place in singles. Enrique MorĂĄn DurĂĄn., Director of the Royal Carriage Driving Club of Andalusia Cup for PCESPC (Combined Carriage Driving), confirmed that the backing from the Royal Driving Club has increased several new possible values this year within the world of competitive carriage driving. The purpose of this championship is for enthusiasts, professionals and the general public to get to know the riches of carriages driving and its possibilities within the world of sport and competition, as it is a sector with growing support. We will continue to report on the rest of the competitions as they take place. They are still five competitions before the Final. Villamanrique de la Condesa, which will take place on the 9th of April, Los Palacios on J Q# J @ J 2 2 * J ' on the 20th of June, Umbrete, an evening competition, on the 1st of August, Constantina on the 12th of September and the Final, the date for which is still to be confirmed. www.ancce.com

SEVENTH IBERIAN CUP 2009 THE PRE EARNED EXCELLENT RESULTS AT MONTENMEDIO By María Gómez

PRE Horses were well represented in this Seventh Iberian Carriage Driving Cup. The first leg of the event took place at Compañia de Lezirias in Portugal while the second was at Dehesa de Montenmedio, in the town of Vejer de la Frontera (Cadiz). After several years the event has returned to the two venues over two consecutive weekends.

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n the singles category, the young whip from Sevilla, Ana Muñoz, driving a horse owned by Yeguada de los Sueños, continued to reap success. In the first and second leg of this SpanishPortuguese tournament, she managed to do better than more experienced and more veteran drivers. Her position at Lezirias was well deserved due to the complexity of the route. This young lady was not content to obtain a similar position at Montenmedio. She fought to place within the top champion positions right up to the last moment; following a hard fought cones test, she finished with the silver medal, having, once again, demonstrated her great worth. Álvaro Gómez and his mare, owned by Yeguada Sierra Mayor,

were to take part in their first International Carriage Driving Event at Montenmedio. They finished within the top five places. An entirely satisfactory result for this young man, who declared: “it was my first time in a competition of this type. I am very satisfied. The mare responded very well in the marathon; we all know that it is the most difficult test”. Pablo Pera, from Yeguada de los Sueños, was to close the representation of the PRE in the singles category. In pairs, Alejandro Barreras, with mares owned by Hacienda Montenmedio, represented the PRE in the second leg of the tournament; he was the only one in this category who participated with PRE horses. In the category for teams (four-

in-hand), there were, once again, several who confided in PRE Horses to obtain noteworthy scores. This year, drivers such as Juan Robles, from the of the Military Stallion Depot in Écija, Antonio Montes de Oca, from Yeguada Andic, Antonio Carrillo from Yeguada Cuevas Bajas were at the finish line together with a true World Champion, Félix Brasseur, from Yeguada Hacienda María, to take the top places in both legs of the tournament. Not only did the PRE Horses prove their skills on the home turf, but abroad as well and in a variety of categories. This goes to show that the PRE is also a valuable horse for Carriage Driving. For Competition Carriage Driving, the next major date on the events calendar is in June for the King's Cup. Good luck to everyone!

Félix Brasseur driving a team (tour-in-hand, owned by Hacienda María in the Marathon Section

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Equestrian Trades

JOSÉ MANUEL AGROBA MOLINA A LIFESTYLE AT THE MERCY OF HORSES

By María Sáez de Propios

"Each time I finish a job, I feel fulfilled and this is also because what has been made will really do the job for somebody, as it is what that person wanted to have and not something that looks like what they were wanting. What I do and where I do it, together they are lifestyle. It gives me peace of mind”

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Since humanity took on horses as a tool, one of the biggest obsessions was how to control and dominate the creature to be able to use it. To start with, bridles were used, whose only control was by means of pressure on the nose, but this type of control was not very useful for high-spirited horses. The Assyrians were the first to use the precursor of the bit. Throughout history, this instrument has developed, right up to the present time. But there is always a moment in history in which tradition comes against modernity. It is in the workshop of José Manuel Agroba Molina, where he combines the most modern manufacturing techniques with the tradition of producing made to measure items. Among these are curbs, snaffles, spurs and stirrups, made one by one, and each with a different function.

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38, José Manuel Agroba performs his unique profession in the town of Dos Hermanas (Sevilla). It is an inheritance from his father. “I learned how to make bits, spurs, serretas, etc. when I was about 15, but they were mass production, as my father worked for a company dedicated to lorinery. Later, I was about 20 when I decided to do all this made to measure, for individuals.” There are all kinds of objects for use with horses. “Usually in stainless steel, with the exception of some jobs for driving. Examples are bits, spurs, serretas, stirrups and buckles, which are made of both stainless steel and iron, and these are for dressage, doma vaquera and carriage driving.” Although, out of all his products, the most requested item for dressage are the curbs and snaffles. However, those participating in doma vaquera greatly appreciate tailor made items. This means that the requests are mainly for this discipline. It is a very specific job that is not for just anyone. “Usually, our work is for dressage professionals and a few individuals who they refer to us. We do not usually work for stores, with the exception of special orders.” Horses are the sole protagonist of his works, although “recently, we have been producing some objects for mules for various competitions that are starting up in Andalusia.” Each object produced in Juan Manuel's workshop is painstakingly thought-out, and follows a long

production process. As Mr. Agroba explained, “the forge is used to shape the mouth-piece of the bit, to forge the uprights sides of the stirrups and for everything that, in general, involves a process of severe waste of the material (stainless steel or iron). For the production of the cheeks, disks are used to cut them and they are filed into shape (in the case of vaquera). An arc-welder is also used, for dressage items, and various types of emery grains to Shaping the bit

It his workshop, José Manuel Agroba Molina combines the most modern manufacturing techniques with the tradition of producing made to measure items

polish and to shine the objects. The procedure for the other objects such as spurs, serretas, etc. would be similar. We generally use what we have always used, without being closed to more modern manual tools. We never make a series of any of our articles. As an example of manufacturing, Agroba explained the procedure in the case of a dressage curb. “The material for the mouth-piece is cut; it becomes red hot in the forge and is given the approximate shape that it will take. It is taken to the bench and filed until it reached the drawing that was made as a reference. Then, the material for the cheeks is cut; it is bent where the rings for the reins will go. The rings for the curb hooks are successively welded on, followed by those for the lip strap, if it is to have one. Then everything is filed until it is uniform and emery cloths are used until it is polished. Lastly, the curb hooks and the rings for the reins are added and it is polished with polishing cream.” It is a process that follows several stages, but the most important thing is the result: an exclusive objects. “I produce them precisely for that reason, because you cannot find them anywhere else. If somebody comes in with a bit that goes well with a horse, and they cannot find another one, then they come and we make one or the bit is modified to some degree (wider, longer cheeks, etc.). The same happens with the rowel of some spurs or the length of the ring supports of a Spanish caveson (serreta).”

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José Manuel taking the measurements for a dressage bit

“Why buy boots or leggings or a hat that are made to measure and not a bit, some spurs, etc.? It is the people who think like this that I work for” Ports varying in height

Vaquero Bit

Example of the spurs used by the Spanish Riding School of Vienna

“Usually, our work is for dressage professionals and a few individuals who they refer to us. We do not usually work for stores, with the exception of special orders”

The idea of all these objects is to get them to carry out one or another function that will improve the training of the horse. For example, “people have come looking for a snaffle that will not be noticed, because in dressage and doma vaquera the use of the snaffle is obligatory. Curbs of all sizes, spurs with a rowel that will hardly be noticed.” And they even ask for objects such as buckles, in an effort to be exclusive, having a unique and differentiating object. But the most important thing is, as José Manuel explained, that “I believe that they should be made to measure, because the

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appearance of each horse is different. The shape of their bars, the width of their face, the sensitivity of each horse to wearing a bit, etc. are not same. In conclusion, why buy boots or leggings or a hat that are made to measure and not a bit, some spurs, etc.? It is the people who think like this that I work for.” These are exclusive objects for a very specific clientele. The clients are usually professionals; riders who bring measurements according to the requirements of their horse. The non-professionals who come are always given advice to be able to handcraft what they are looking for.

In conclusion, an entire life dedicated to horses, which has meant a lot to him. “It gives me freedom to enjoy my work and, above all, to do what I like, although, unfortunately, I have to do it alongside other tasks that are somewhat less enjoyable. Each time I finish a job, I feel fulfilled and this is also because what has been made will really do the job for somebody, as it is what that person wanted to have and not something that looks like what they were wanting. What I do and where I do it, together they are lifestyle. It gives me peace of mind.”

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ANCCE Reports LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT Dear Breeder, In response to the statement made by the so-called “Pro-ANCCE Platformâ€?, which was signed by the spokesmen, Mr. Guerrero and Mr. SĂĄnchez, I would like to clarify the following: Â? ^ J * J *] ] * J gentlemen, who have signed the aforementioned letter, but I consider that they have overstepped the boundaries because ANCCE is not the property of a few people. We are all ANCCE and this includes each of its members, including those who at the moment working on the board, who dedicate hours of our work and effort trying to make the best of the organization, even at the risk of making occasional mistakes. Â? J |ƒ / @ J /‘ neither now, nor before, but perhaps less now that it is fairly well consolidated, does it need small groups to become its institutional defenders. The sovereignty and the sense of our association do not come from outside, but from within through its governing organs. Â? ^ * Â’* ‡ @ 2 J signatories, who the people behind this platform are, although I must recognize that I have my suspicions. It would be very positive for the ANCCE they want to defend to know who they are and for them to forsake the habit of remaining in the shadows; perhaps we would be surprised. Â? J ‡* 2 6J * 2 for institutional control, stated in its statutes. It is not logical for certain people, who have held posts of responsibility within the Association governing body, to suggest the creation of organs of control that seek to investigate the work of Committees, Councils and Commissions that are the reflection of the democratic will @ 2 2

* / # years in the elections, and to question the honesty of those

who now and in the future have been charged with the task of governing ANCCE. Â? J

* *

with the Stud Book, and, while I am President, the control of its actions will follow the procedures that were laid out within the hierarchy of this association. The accepted responsibility should not be delegated, because this would be irresponsible, and it will not be me who questions the diligence and criteria of future Directors. If they are chosen by our community, they will be the faithful reflection of the will of the breeders, with no need for someone to guide them. ANCCE is of age for everything, and has been for some time. Â? `J / * @

/ of the Stud Book must be a consequence of its own operation, devoid from personal desires, with standard protocols for each and every situation that arises, independently what horse is being dealt with, and who its owner is. Due to this, and complying with the indications of the Ministry of the Environment and Rural and Marine Resources (MARM)—previously the Ministry of Agriculture—the LG will subject to quality certification according to UNE-EN ISO 9001:2008 standards. As we would like to become much more demanding with procedures, it will also be subject to the UNE-EN ^'+•^ $ƒ%Q% Q%%# * which would transform us into a certification board. The controls and audits that the LF-PREANCCE Stud Book undergoes to maintain that status of quality are sufficient to guarantee its reliability and dependability. � ^*

* † * / @ supervises the Stud Book by means of the breed inspector (a similar post in all the species with a breed registration book) and the General Office of Agricultural and Breeding Resources, before

whom any breeder can appeal, should they deem it necessary. Â? +* J Qƒ J @ † 6J J ANCCE Executive Board voted unanimously in this respect, stating that there would be no other control organ outside those contemplated in the statutes; that is what the Executive Board and the General Assembly are for. Â? * ‚ 2 @ J ] * ‡ so fundamental and strategic, why JosĂŠ Ignacio Sanchez Velazquez, who, do not forget, was Vice-president, did you not think of it at the time that the Stud Book was received and its Regulation was designed. I sincerely believe that ANCCE has much more important things to do than to question the credibility of people who lead the association— and the same holds true for the Stud Book--by proposing organs that, using the same theory, would in turn have to be controlled, for the same reasoning stated. We fully confide in the Director of the Stud Book, in his team and in the people that today oversee it, as well as in those who could accept that responsibility in the future. Among these latter I include those who have signed that letter and others, such as Rafael DomĂŠnech, who from the shadows, appear not to understand that their time has passed, and who disagree with anything that is contrary to the proposals they defend and understand that integrity, thoroughness, efficiency and honesty are not the heritage of those who declare them as their own virtues, but rather they belong to those who use them daily. ANCCE is now 37 years old, and I am convinced that it will end up doubling that age, because ANCCE is not the heritage of a few chosen ones. ANCCE is all of us, although there are some people who like these democratic models less than others. Javier Conde Cerrato President

El Caballo EspaĂąol

CAR ANCCE SCHOLARSHIPS CAR ANCCE has launched a new initiative to promote high-level competitive Dressage. This new project focuses on those horses based at the ANCCE High-performance Center. It consists of a grant to those horses that obtain the best results in their dressage competitions. The results obtained by those horses based at the CAR ANCCE facility during the last season have been analyzed, and two have been selected. For the breeders, this grant will be a payment by ANCCE to cover livery costs at the Center. For 2009, the horses that have been awarded this grant are: BARQUERO JF, owned by Yeguada Miño, at the level of 5 year-olds; and NORTE, owned by Yeguada Lovera, at Grand Prix level. We hope these horses will continue to obtain good results for the PRE and for CAR-ANCCE. With this new initiative by the High-performance Center, we invite breeders and owners to get to know our project for highlevel competitive Dressage to increase the potential and presence of PRE Horses in the current competitive panorama.

Norte, owned by Yeguada Lovera, receives a CAR ANCCE award

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ANNUAL VERIFICATION OF THE EQUINE HEALTH CARDS The Andalusian Regional Government has incorporated instructions from the General Office for Agricultural Production and Breeding, with regards to the annual verification of the equine health cards, dated the 19th of March 2009. Decree 55/1998, dated of the 10th of March, which establishes the health requirements for the movement and transport of livestock and other live animals, for the first time defines the concept of the Equine Health Card (TSE in Spanish), as the individual identification

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document for equine species. This card must accompany the said equine during all movements. At the time, the health situation led to the establishment of tools to control the census and identification of the said equines, as mandatory step to be able to control the

movements of these animals and their state of health. This will only affect those breeders within the region of Andalusia. To view the complete Instruction, visit the section “News” at the ANCCE Website: www.ancce.com

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SELECTION SCHEME DRESSAGE PERFORMANCE TESTS In May, ANCCE began the 2009 performance tests for the genetic evaluation of the horses within the framework of the Selection Scheme. The performance tests for conformation are carried using of the Lineal Conformation Classification System by a group of specifically trained judges. So far, the performance tests for conformation have only been carried out at the Tribunals for Qualified Breeding Stock (TQB), but they will now take place at other events which are attended by a large number of horses can be tested. The per formance tests for Dressage are carried out at the Classic Dressage Selection Tests for Young Horses (PSCJ). The classificator y tests began this year on the 2nd and 3rd of May, at the Alaior Equestrian Club (Menorca). In June there will be t wo circuits, one in Toledo on J $Q J $| J * $# J * J other, in Cambrils (Tarragona), on the 19th, 20th and 21st. Another circuit will be held at Dehesa de Montenmedio. This will take place from the 3rd to 5th of July. Another will be held in Estepona from the 9th to 11th of July. In September, there will be another one in

+

@ 2 J # J J * yet another in Huelva from the 18th to 20th. The Final of the PSCJ for Dressage will take place in Toledo on the 25th, 26th and 27th of September. All the dates and venues of this year’s per formance tests for Conformation, Aptitude for Riding and Dressage, for the genetic evaluation of the horses are published on the ANCCE web -site (http://w w w.ancce. es/esquemadeseleccion/), as well as the various procedure regulations. From ANCCE, we would like to encourage ever yone to par ticipate with their horses in the various planned per formance tests within the framework of the Selection Scheme for their later genetic evaluation in each of the disciplines contemplated: Dressage, Conformation and Aptitude for Riding and the possibility of being classified in the categories of Young Recommended Breeding Stock, Improver Breeding Stock and Elite Breeding Stock.

Ignacio LĂłpez Porras riding Nevado

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ANCCE AT THE INTERNATIONAL FAIR, EUROHORSEGÖTEBORG HORSE SHOW Eurohorse is the first of the four International Fairs that ANCCE will be attending with a stand to promote the PRE Horse, SICAB and to contact breeder organizations of the area (Sweden, Denmark, and Norway). Eurohorse was held from the 19th to 22nd of February in Göteborg, Sweden, coinciding with the Show-Jumping, Dressage and Carriage Driving World Cups, and more than 80,000 people at the Scandinavium Arena during the 4-day event.

Manuel González and Pedro Pons with representatives from the Swedish PRE Association

At the 30-square meter ANCCE stand, a major promotional project was undertaken, with the distribution of promotional material such as DVDs about the PRE horse and SICAB, the magazine El Caballo Español, postcards, SICAB 2009 posters, ANCCE calendars and posters of the breeder brands. We also had some interesting interviews with the Swedish equestrian media (Ridsport, Hästfocus, Stallboken

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and Hästmagazinet) that will all publish articles about the PRE. The PRE is quite well-known in the country; it is very well positioned as a general riding and Dressage horse, being the horse that many hope to own. Numbers have risen from a dozen horses a decade ago, to more than 700 at the present time. The potential client is almost exclusively female (more than 90% of the visitors to the fair) and there

is a very considerable volume of young people who are interested in the PRE. The net number of visitors—in other words, than 95%-have at least one horse/pony, and their hobby is riding. The Swedish PRE Association (Svenska Avelsforeningen PRE) turned themselves inside-out during the fair; they collaborated closely in attending the stand, alongside the ANCCE personnel.

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PRE PROMOTION AND REPRESENTATION AT EQUITANA EQUITANIA is the most important international equestrian fair in the world. It took place from the 14th to 22nd of March in Essen, Germany. This World Equestrian Sport Fair is the second Fair this year, where ANCCE has been participated with a PRE promotional stand.

EQUITANA, held at the Essen Fair Grounds, Norbertstraße, covers 90,000 m² distributed among 16 pavilions. There were about 850 exhibitors from 25 countries, and 208,000 visitors. During the 9-day event, this equestrian fair presents more equestrian events than any other in the world. J * @ #% 2Q $%2 #2! * 6 * *]

J arena of pavilion 10/11. We have had this same position for past five editions of EQUITANA. The German Federation (FN), one of the event’s main consultants, was also located there. Two PRE Horses—owned by Full Members of ANCCE—traveled from Spain, these were: GUSARAPO, 2nd in Dressage at SICAB 2008, owned by Yeguada El Moralejo and ridden by Cándido Tardio; and BAILONGO, 3rd in the 2008 Spanish Championships for High School, owned by Yeguada Hnos. Maldonado Mar ron and ridden by Antonio Maldonado. The horses performed two daily shows to their own music, both in the main arena (pavilion 6) before 5000 people, as well at pavilion 10/11 where the ANCCE stand was located. Every time these PREs entered the arena,

Exhibition by Cándido Tardío riding Gusarapo, owned by Yeguada El Moralejo

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there was a surge of expectation, as the Purebred Spanish Horse is well known throughout all of Germany. There, it is a well-positioned breed for riding, in Dressage and a sought after horse by many. ANCCE invested major efforts on promoting the PRE. In addition to the extensive variety of promotional material distributed, they attended meetings with journalists from the most important equestrian magazines in Germany, such as: Reiter Revue, Cavallo, Reiter & Pierde, Freizeit Reiter, Mein Pferd, and Pegasus, among others, to offer them information about the PRE and SICAB so that they could publish information in their media. In addition, relationships

with the German PRE associations, the Belgian PRE Federation, and the Dutch PRE Foundation have been extended. Finally, it must be highlighted that the PRE was represented at a large number of stands, both those of breeders and of associations. Yeguada Tomás Osborne, Caballos Llargués, Ganadería Casa Estanque, Caballos de la Luna, Yeguada Peña de Béjar, the Andalusian PRE Association, the Estirpe Carujana Association, EXPASA, the Catalonia Breeders’ Union and the two German PRE associations, A ACPRE and Vereinigung fur Freunde PRE were at present at EQUITANA.

Antonio Maldonado riding his horse Bailongo in an Alta Escuela (Spanish High School) exhibition

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SUCCESS AT THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL PRE FORUMS HELD IN EQUADOR AND COSTA RICA

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ANCCE, in collaboration with the PRE Associations of Costa Rica and Ecuador, together with breeders from various countries, has held two of the four PRE forums planned for this year. The first was held on the 13th of March at the “El Condado” Tennis Golf Club in Ecuador. It coincided with the National Conformation Championships and the 13th Spanish Horse Fair. Over 100 breeders attended, thanks to the work of the Ecuadorian Association. A week later, on the 20th of March, the second of the forums took place at the La Caraña Equestrian Club in Costa Rica. Once again, it coincided with another National Championships, in this case, that of Bonanza, and was attended by thirty breeders. The objective of these forums was to create a meeting place for breeders from all over the world, where they would have the opportunity to get to know each other and establish contacts, in addition to informing them about a current topic, in this case, chosen in advance. At both forums, the topic proposed was the PRE selection scheme—a topic that generated major interest and motivated the attendance of a large audience. At the conclusion of the conference, there was an open discussion with ANCCE representatives where breeders had the opportunity to dig deeper into those topics that interested them most. The success and format of the forums

were praised. The associations confirmed that they confided that this type of cooperation is maintained, as for breeders and enthusiasts in Ecuador and Costa Rica, it is the means to deepen into a series of topics which will be the push to stimulate the breeding of PRE Horses in these countries. It is unfortunate to see the lack of interest in this initiative shown by Spanish breeders. Less than a dozen breeders from Spain—despite the efforts made by breeders’ associations and the interest shown on behalf of local breeders in participating of these meetings to share ideas and contacts—were on hand for the event.

Gonzálo Chiriboga, Pedro Maza, and Jaime Molina

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Group of judges at the second meeting to launch the new Rules and Regulations

PRESENTATION OF THE REGULATIONS FOR CONFORMATION - FUNCTIONAL COMPETITIONS Since ANCCE approved the new Rules and Regulations for Conformation - Functional Competitions in January, this new project has been presented to all those groups and organizations who participate in this type of competition. To start with, breeders were informed on-line by means of the ANCCE web-site, along with associations and the equestrian media. They were then presented to the Judges and Organizing Committees.

Javier Buendía, Javier Conde, Manuel Fernández and Ginés Parra at the presentation of the Rules & Regulations before the Organizing Committees

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Presentation to the judges On Friday the 13th of February, the conformation competition Judges met in Sevilla for the presentation and detailed explanation of the new Competition Rules and Regulations for judging of PRE stallions and mares. Javier Conde, the President of ANCCE attended the meeting together with members of the Followup Commission for Competitions, Joaquín Molina, President of the commission, Alfonso del Castillo, Technical Advisor and Pedro Maza and Ginés Parra, members, in addition to a large number of Judges. Following the introduction by the President of ANCCE, the Rules and Regulations were presented. This was carried out by Alfonso del Castillo. The most significant points in the new Rules and Regulations were studied, and he responded to all the questions by the Judges. The result of the presentation was quite positive, since those attending left with great hopes for these new Rules and Regulations. Once again, the judges met, on the 26th of February, at the Yeguada Pedro Llargués farm known as Finca La Aldara to put it into practice.

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Presentation to the Organizing Committees The week following the presentation of the Rules and Regulations to the Judges, on the 20th of February, the Competition Follow-up Commission met once again in Sevilla, but this time to present the new Rules and Regulations to the Organizing Committees. This meeting has always been organized annually to ensure that the principal novelties of the year for the organization of the competitions are known: However, this year, with the approval of the new Rules and Regulations, the meeting was of even greater importance, and this was obvious in the high number of O.C.s attending the meeting. During the meeting, the most significant points in the new Rules & Regulations—in terms of organization and the necessary infrastructures when organizing a competition— were covered. Moreover, all the doubts and questions voiced by those attending the meeting were answered. Once again Javier Conde, the President of the Followup Commission, Joaquín Molina, and Ginés Parra, member, were present.

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Pre History

CONJECTURES AND REBUTTALS:

THE NEED TO KNOW THE HISTORY OF THE PRE

CHARLES DARWIN AND THE PURE SPANISH HORSE By Juan Carlos Altamirano

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Sever al years ago, when I started to read the first books about the PRE horse, such as that by Portuguese, Ruy d´Andr ade, Alrededor del caballo español1, and that of veterinarian, Manuel Gómez Lama, Clavileño2, and others that are but mere copies of these, I realized they were filled with neoDarwinism. It did not surprise me, because the theory of evolution had become the theoretical fr amework in which research was carried out, and it was accepted by the scientific community. It was attempted to answer all the questions asked about the origins of horse breeds with the argument of their adaptation to geogr aphy. Thus, this theory, which has clarified so many questions about the evolution of the species by being erroneously applied to the case of the PRE (Purebred Spanish Horse), confused r ather than clarified its origins and its historical evolution. 1

Ruy d´Andrade. (1954) Alrededor del caballo español. (Around the Spanish Horse) Lisboa (Lisbon)

2 Gómez Lama, M. (1944) Clavileño. El caballo andaluz. (Clavileño The Andalusian Horse) Cámara Oficial Agrícola (Agricultural Chamber of Commerce). Córdoba

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Some authors stated that the conformational characteristics of the PRE were due to its adaptation to the Andalusian geography

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H

owever, not all members of the Spanish scientific community accepted the theory of evolution. In some cases, due to possible confrontations with religious beliefs, Darwin's explanatory model was left aside. A clear example is the explanation that Francisco Santisteban García, a member of the so-called “Zootechnical School of Cordoba”, gave about the origin of the Andalusian Horse at the start of a text entitled Guzmanes: “The origin of the horse, the same as that of all beings, is outside of the reach of human understanding. The being we are interested in (the Andalusian Horse), along with the king of the creation, are a design by the supreme referee of the world, of God1”. Other authors accepted this argument; some even believed that they had found the solution that solved the “enigma” of the existence of the PRE as a breed. If we read the abundant literature about the PRE from that period, we can see that in the ignorance of its history, the theory of the evolution was applied literally. Some authors, convinced that they had found the means to explain the unknown, took one step further and began to observe to the PRE horses and deduce, from what they observed, the origin of their conformational characteristics. But the simplicity, naivety and lack of thoroughness in the 1

Santisteban García, F. (1944) Guzmanes. El caballo andaluz. (Guzmanes. The Andalusian Horse) Cámara Oficial Agrícola (Agricultural Chamber of Commerce).. Córdoba, p. 89

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application of this method caused a series of erroneous theories to be accepted, which, although they lacked the necessary theoretical and methodological support to justify them, were passed down to the current days. Those first writings come from authors from the first half of the 20th century. Subsequently, the copying and deductions that came from these became the general tonic of all the articles and books attempting to explain the conformation of the PRE by means of the Darwinist theory. Along these lines, a high number of contributions could stand out, which also sought to explain various aspects of PRE history. As an example, we could take what was suggested in 1995 about the route taken—this according to a well-known judge and author of a book that had limited impact— by Carthusian mares from the Carthusian Monastery to a farm known as “La Breña del Agua” (Grazalema), following the alledged purchase of the Carthusian livestock by Pedro José Zapata: “From the stud farm owned by the Carthusians, they would leave Jerez, crossing the Llanos de Caulina and beyond the Casa de Postas, (…), they reached the huge olive grove that is outside the Cartuja (…). From there they would continue past “Vicos”, (the hamlet of) Jédula and, after crossing the Salado (river), would reach Arcos, where they could be taken to the Dehesa of San Andrés, the property owned by the Zapata Brothers. (…) For the second time, the Carthusian horses had to leave before the arrival of the French. After crossing the Guadalete (river), they started travelled through

narrow canyons, leaving the walled remains of the ancient (town of) Iptuci to the left, they passed by the Dehesa of Aznalmara, (…) and the Benamahoma Forest, to start, now in the Sierra, uphill to the “La Breña del Agua” farm, where they were to remain throughout the War of Independence2”. For the not so avid reader, having read the detailed geographical description of the area, and with the added difficulty of having heard the Carthusian fantasy explained in articles, books and doctoral thesis thousands of times previously, it would appear that they was no alternative but to accept it as a historical fact. As in other cases, in this explanation the author fell into the trap of trying to reconstruct history, copying what had already been written, adding a little something of his own, in this case the deduction of the supposed route followed by the mares, and everything is ready for publishing. But, as is now known, Pedro José Zapata did not buy livestock from the Cartuja. In addition, had he done so, he would not have had to hide them in the mountains, because he became French on the 6th February 1810, when he swore loyalty to Napoleon3. His ties with the intruding government 2

Del Castillo Caracuel, A. (1995) Doce estampas del caballo español (Twelve types of PRE). Alfonso del Castillo Caracuel y Anselmo Perea Remujo, p. 112.

3

Archivo Histórico Municipal de Arcos de la Frontera. Sección Agricultura y ganadería. Caja nº 430, f. 82. (Arcos de la Frontera Municipal Historic Archive . Section for Agriculture and Livestock. Crate nº 430, sheet 82)

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Herd of mares out in the countryside

enabled him to keep his assets intact as well as his true stud farm in the lands of Arcos de la Frontera#. It was therefore senseless to have taken the horses to the mountains, unless he enjoyed mountaineering. As everyone knows, this year is the 200th anniversary of his birth and the 150th of the edition of his work, The Origin of Species5. The idea of this article is obviously not to refute the conclusions that Charles Darwin reached, but to clarify some consequences deriving from the application of certain aspects of his theory with regards to the history of the PRE. Some authors, by confusing breed with species and with a partial reading of Darwin's work, ended up stating that the conformational characteristics of the PRE were due to its adaptation to the Andalusian geography. They maintained that the PRE has a high neck because it continually had to be lifted above the high grass in Andalusia to avoid the lunge of the fighting bulls. Paradoxically, they affirmed at the same time that their lips were very prehensile because in this geographical region there are long periods of drought and the grass does not grow. They also maintained that it has an elevated movement because it was bred in the swamps and the mud forced it to lift its forelegs to be able to walk, (forgetting that the horses of the French Camargue 4

5

Altamirano Macarrón, JC. (1999) Historia de los caballos cartujanos (History of the Carthusian Horses). Ediciones Ecuestres . Málaga Darwin, Ch. (1850). On The origin of species by means natural selection. John Murray. Londres.

live in swamps and their movement is not elevated). Also according to these authors, the "daisy-cutting" action of the purebred Arab horse is due to the lack of water and stones in the desert, therefore they did not have to lift the forelegs. In the same sense, it has been written that the PRE developed their long manes and tails because of the many insects found in Andalusia, and they needed to protect themselves (as if there are only insects in Andalusia); that they accumulated fat in the neck to overcome the long periods of droughts, (forgetting that the Arab horse ought to accumulate even more if it had really developed in the desert, as they affirm); and that most PREs are grey (white) to avoid the heat, when really, before the birth of the PRE, the horses in Andalusia were, for the most part, bay and black6. If we enter into the small “breed” details, the reality is that the conformation maintained by those authors, who are the same who maintain a prehistoric origin of the PRE, is based on texts 6

Archivo Histórico de Úbeda. Secc. Ganadería, Leg. 8, 9, 10/8 (Ubeda Historical Archive, Livestock Section); Archivo Histórico de Jerez de la Frontera, Secc. Agricultura y ganadería, Leg. 23, 25, 27.(Jerez de la Frontera Historical Archive, Agriculture and Livestock Section); Archivo Histórico de Arcos de la Frontera, Secc. Agricultura y ganadería, Leg. 45, 46, 47(Arcos de la Frontera Historical Archive, Agriculture and Livestock Section); Archivo Histórico de Álora, Secc. Agricultura y ganadería, Leg. 23, 25, 27(Alora Historical Archive, Agriculture and Livestock Section).

published as of the 17th century. These authors, instead of describing what they were, explained the conformation of a type of horse that pleased them. The description of PRE conformation that these authors defend—surprisingly enough, just as some conformation competition judges—arose by extracting certain specific characteristics from those treaties. With these, a conformation was designed so that it would be accepted as the only one that corresponded to a "purebred" Spanish Horse. One of the books used by most authors to defend their theories about conformation is titled, Pintura de un potro (17th century)7 (Painting of a foal). From this, they have extracted some characteristics, affirming that it should be: short in the cannon bone, have large black eyes, the setting of the tail should be low, the tail should be well populated with hair, the pasterns should be neither too long nor too short, etc. But, at the same time, they omitted other features that are explained in that same book, such as the ears, which should be long and turned at the tip, the face should be long and straight, the nasal profile should be straight, and have double muscling over the croup. These last features were ignored because they are contrary to the conformation these authors tried to maintain as the one and only for the PRE, in their efforts 7

Anónimo (s. XVII?) (Anonymous - 17th century?). Pintura de un potro. (Painting of a foal) Sociedad de bibliófilos españoles (Spanish Society of Bibliophiles) (1877), Madrid.

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This “Theory of Evolution� confused rather than clarified the origins and historical evolution of the PRE

Carthusian Monastery in Seville 2*161 /#4#6#0+#

to justify other features considered to be “pureâ€?, such as the triangular eye, the sub-convex profile—which will be covered in the next article—and the rounded croup. Some have sought other books and authors that detail these latter characteristics, although they do not state those described earlier. In other words, it is a puzzle in which historical and conformational information are mixed together, tailor made to the whims of each individual author but with a sheen of historical authenticity by mixing it with aspects of the theory offered by Charles Darwin. As I pointed out in the previous article8, Portuguese Ruy d´Andrade imagined a type of prehistoric “Spanish and Lusitano horseâ€? that he called “Iberianâ€? horse. To give credibility to the invention, which was thought to cover the historical gap in the origins of the PRE, it was necessary to endow it with seemingly coherent history. Consequently, legends similar to the Arabian Nights were invented. These fantasies had their followers, such as the veterinarian, Juan Manuel MillĂĄn Navajas. In $}## J *] @ * 2 to demonstrate the existence of the “Iberianâ€? horse, the “purebred Andalusianâ€? as some believed, and criticizing the confirmation of discordant aspects in this theory, he wrote that “our animal scientists are satiated in theoryâ€?, which led them 8

Altamirano MacarrĂłn, JC. (2009) Charles Darwin y el Pura Raza EspaĂąol (I): la denominaciĂłn de la raza. El Caballo EspaĂąol, ANCCE, Sevilla. (Charles Darwin and the PRE Horse (I): The name of the breed. El Caballo EspaĂąol, ANCCE, Sevilla)

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away from reality, filled them with patriotism, but lacking accuracy, he wrote9: “Let us look for the most useful from among our own, because by doing so, this is sufficient, and let us establish a prototype that coincides with the Andalusian horse that the animal scientists describe, even though it has only existed in the fertile imagination of these good Spaniards!â€? Logically, it is easier said than done; easier to deduce than to research, easier to invent than to faithfully reconstruct historical fact, easier to copy than to think and even, as some people say, to hear than to read. Undoubtedly, some authors fail to know what Julio MuĂąoz Rubio— researcher from the Autonomous National University of Mexico—wrote with regards to Darwin's theory, only a few days ago: “The human nature will always be better while seeking knowledge and truths rather than living amid lies, falsehoods, fetishes and ignorance.â€? This was precisely one of the main problems that have hindered the understanding and selection of the PRE. But, what had even greater repercussions and harmed the PRE most was that those horses failed to demonstrate some of the previously itemized characteristics were considered crossbreds. This was a serious mistake, which even today, continues to have a negative influence on the PRE. Given the creative freedom of speculation, an 9

MillĂĄn Navajas, JM (1944) Itucci. El caballo andaluz (Itucci. The Andalusian Horse). CĂĄmara Oficial AgrĂ­cola (Official Chamber of Agriculture). CĂłrdoba, p196.

excessively detailed conformation— not official—was defined, which made it impossible to produce an individual horse that would have all of those characteristics or would lack some of those considered “not pure.â€? This was a reality that also falsely harmed their image, because some people saw certain features as pertaining to a crossbred, when in fact they are characteristics of the breed. This statement is not a negation of the fact that some crossbreeding could have taken place; this has occurred, although less than what some state and would have liked. It is also necessary to say that it is now time to stop inventing supposed cases of crossbreeding which, in some cases, only seek to devalue the breed or the work carried out by some of our institutions. Remember that the appearance of certain features that are not listed as standard for the breed, although these could reduce the score in a competition or tribunal, are not always a clear sign of crossbreeding. Most of the characteristics that distinguish breeds are due to the selection and the crossings carried out by human beings in the search of different types of horses for different purposes; due to this, almost all breeds hold many similar features. To conclude, you must remember that the project by which the PRE was attained, was started to produce a type of horse suitable for Academic Dressage, following certain cultural patterns that were rooted in Greco-Roman culture, therefore its characteristics are owed to the selection carried out by the aesthetic sense of its creators and to the functional purpose they sought, and not to its adaptation to the Andalusian geography.10 10 Altamirano MacarrĂłn, JC. (2000) El caballo espaĂąol: la evoluciĂłn de su morfologĂ­a. (The Spanish Horse: The Evolution of its Morphology) Ediciones Ecuestres. MĂĄlaga.

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Dressage

CHANGES IN DRESSAGE REGULATIONS By José A. Fdez. Lineros

2*161 4#(#'. .'/15

Although many of those who take part in this sport have never read them, Dressage has a series of Rules and Regulations that govern the competitions and that should serve as a reference when riding, even though it is to ride at home. These laws, like those that govern our own lives (those that are come from the Parliament/Congress), change from time to time; some are lost while others are passed to adapt to the times, although the PURPOSE AND THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES must remain unalterable. Occasionally, these changes are not the result of a technical advance, but due to change of policy, where the individual interests of the sectors represented in power prevail. Nonetheless, this is unavoidable as we as people cannot ignore our subjectivity.

Chema Martínez with Garañon III, owned by Yeguada Tomás Osborne and bred by Pallarés

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has brought changes to this sport. Following the Olympics, the International Equestrian Federation eliminated, in a single blow, the Dressage Commission and in its place created a Taskforce (I’m not sure what the difference is, except for the people making it up) for the Management of Dressage throughout in the world. We all expected a revolution, but this has not happened, only some changes, like every year, some are more significant while others, in my humble opinion, are simply ridiculous.

2009

National Federations, although independent, are usually a reflection of the International Federation; logically, the same holds true for the Spanish Federation. The many changes introduced in the International Rules and Regulations have been incorporated into the National Regulations, in addition to a good crop of home-grown rules. I will go into these in depth so that all those devoted to dressage will know what to expect because they have already gone into effect. In the section on uniformity, there is one really important aspect. I will not analyze whether or not it is for better or for worse; perhaps a specific article on the topic will appear in another issue to evaluate these changes. Article 427. DRESS

(Pony competitions maximum 100 cm), in the practice area is allowed. 6. Paragraphs 1 and 3 above are valid also for warming-up arenas and other training areas where, however, snaffles with a cavesson or a normal dropped noseband, Mexican noseband or a Flash noseband, boots, bandages are allowed. Single direct side reins or double sliding reins (triangle/dreieck zügel) are permitted when lungeing. Lunging is allowed with one lunge line only. In addition to the bits that could already be used, one other has been added, a Snaffle with rotating mouthpiece Key to the pages that show the permitted bits 12. Snaffle with rotating mouthpiece

1. Sound of bell. After the sound of the bell, the athlete should enter the arena at A within 45 seconds. […] The judge at C is responsible for the bell. As well as a new snaffle, a new noseband has been added to the list. 5. Combined noseband – no throat lash

The rest of the wording is the same as before. In other words, from now on, riders will be able to enter the arena without spurs in any category and in any test.

At some major competitions there is a stopwatch, in public view, to time how long the rider takes to enter the arena. I believe it is important to avoid “smart-alecks” go around the arena once or twice more after the ringing of the bell, or spend time doing exercises to prepare the horse to enter. The regulations should protect the equality of opportunities for all the participants. 7. ELIMINATION. Lameness. In the case of marked lameness, the President of the Jury informs the athlete that he is eliminated. There is no appeal against this decision.

With regards to the horse’s equipment, there have also been significant changes that will surely speed many non-professional riders to use auxiliary reins. Article 428. SADDLERY

3 […] However, the use of one whip, with a total maximum length of 120 cm

In the section on the execution of the tests, there are some major changes that must be known to avoid surprises. Article 430. EXECUTION OF THE TESTS

3. Spurs are not obligatory […]

2 […] the diameter of the mouthpiece of the bridoon and/or curb must be such so as not to hurt the horse. Minimum diameter of the mouthpiece to be of 14 mm for curb and 10 mm for bridoon bit. Snaffles used in Young Horse classes must have a minimum diameter of 14 mm. For ponies the minimum diameter shall be 10 mm.

Double sliding side reins (triangule/ dreieck zügel)

Although the regulations are not easy to interpret, we can assume that as of now, you can ride in draw-reins in the warm-up arena.

Resistance. Any resistance which prevents the continuation of the test longer than 20 seconds is punished by elimination. However, resistance that may endanger athlete, horse, judges or the public will be eliminated for safety reasons earlier than within 20 seconds. Fall. In the case of a fall of the horse and/or athlete, the athlete will be eliminated. Leaving the arena during dressage test. Any horse leaving

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the arena completely, with all four feet, during a dressage competition between the time of entry and the time of exit at A, will be eliminated. Other reasons for Elimination may also be: Horse and athlete combination not being able to fulfill the requirements of the level. The performance is against the welfare of the horse. Horse and athlete combination not entering the competition arena within the specified starting time. Except where a valid reason thereto has been informed to the Judge at C, (A valid reason may be losing a shoe, etc.) Some of these new rules and regulations are really important to ensure, above any other consideration, the well-being of the horse and, as stated in the previous section, the equality of opportunities, but most are very subjective and now it will be necessary to hope that the Presidents of the Judges are courageous when applying them depending on the riders and/or horses they have before them. Penalizties All of the following are considered errors in the same way as 430.3 and 430.4: - Error of course or - Entering the space around the arena with whip or - Entering the dressage arena with a whip or - Not entering the arena within #~ 6 * @ J

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- Entering the arena before the sound of the bell or - In the Freestyle, entering the arena after more than 20 seconds of music. First error: -2 points Second error: # * Third error: - Elimination For Freestyle tests deductions shall be: First error: - 1% of possible total score Second error: - 2% of possible total score Third error: - Elimination The same scale as for Freestyle tests applies to Young Horses tests. Team Competitions at the national level have always been problematic; this, for the most part, is due to the shortage of participants from within the same federation or the same club in the same category. These new dispositions attempt to facilitate this type of competition. Let us hope they bring results, because they are a great incentive for many riders and clubs. Article 458. Teams Federated Clubs or, in absence of these, FAH teams may enter one or more teams. There will only be one single classification. Each team

is made up of three or four athleteshorses (different riders) participating in the individual championship in any one category, all four in the same or in several different categories, plus one reserve rider and/or horse. They must all comply with the conditions for participation established by the RFHE. (see Art. 422.9) In a team made up of four competitors, only the best three average percentages will count for the team result, the final score being the sum of these averages divided by three. When an athlete participates in the test for teams with two horses, the Chef d’Equipe shall decide, in advance, by draw, which horse is to be part of the team. (See Art. 425.3) When holding a Team Championship the participation of at least four correctly entered teams in the corresponding categories will be necessary. Each previously entered Chef d’Equipe shall provide the Organizing Committee with a written list of athletes making up the team. The organizing committee must have a form where the Chef d’Equipe can write down the names of the members of the team. These are the changes in the 2009 Dressage Rules and Regulations of the Spanish Royal Equestrian Federation; let us hope they will improve the competition. Remember the (Spanish) saying: “Ignorance of the Law is of no defense.�

Good luck!

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Alta Escuela En el Siglo XXI, gracias a todas las disciplinas científicas de estudio veterinario, anatómico, biomecánico y de locomoción, la innovación y la mejora es también muy posible de aplicar a los sistemas de herraje, los cuales se han venido basando en la tradicionalidad y en el bajo costo.

Regidor XXXVI, bred by Eduardo Miura, owned by José Fajardo Garcia and ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros 68

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CANTER PIROUETTES II By Alfonso Cuesta

In the previous chapter, I described two "tools" that we must know how to handle before achieving a pirouette. First, I will write about canter squares, which is the most classical and best known of the two. As its name suggests, this consists of performing squares of about fourteen meters each side, at the canter. To do this, the horse must perform a quarter pirouette at each corner. This exercise is designed to keep the horse anticipating our requests. The other exercise consists of reining back in spirals in such a way that you start on a ten meter circle and end up on circle of about two meters in diameter. This "tool" should be used with horses that have difficulty in transferring their weight onto their hindquarters and those with little flexibility in their hocks and loins.

S

o, we now have a varied range of exercises within our reach to teach the horse before requesting it to correctly perform canter pirouettes. Most of the success will come from the use of these exercises and their combinations as is suitable for each horse. "Each horse is a world in itself." it would be extremely troublesome to provide an in depth description of the remedy for each problem or the exact application of the exercises in the order and combinations that are suited when teaching pirouettes to each horse. This is why reactive riders, with their good approach—on the one hand, their equestrian feel; and on the other, the teachings of great masters of equitation— should use their" tools" in the same way good teachers teach their students. First the vowels and then the consonants to then continue to form words, then sentences, and so on until a literary work has been created. This is how a good master of equitation will proceed; they

will never demand that their horse writes, for example, "platitude", if when they ask: how do you say the "p" with the "l"? The horse answers: what, or even worse: what? Think about it, is this platitude correct? So, how is it possible to still see riders trying to get their horses to write "Don Quixote" when they still do not even know what the governorship of Barataria is?*1

Success will come from the use of these exercises and their combinations as is suitable for each horse

1 Governorship of Barataria is mentioned in the book El Quijote. Don Quijote promises Sancho Panza that he will be granted the said governorship of the island of Barataria, which is located in the middle of the Ebro River (Translator´s note)

Ladies and gentlemen, passionate enthusiasts of quality equitation, for the immortal and sublime equitation of the "invisible" riders, when you see this happening— doubt not for even a second, no matter who it was who committed this enormous blunder—that rider is not a Master of Equitation. From here, I will try to sketch a procedure to attain pirouettes, but please remember that this is somewhat generic, because "each horse is a world in itself." After having warmed up well in an effort to relax muscles and calm the horse, you should start getting the horse to perform canter circles measuring about four meters diameter. If the execution flows and is free of tension, you should continue working on croup to the inside on a circle about fourteen meters diameter. If in this exercise, the horse gets ahead of what you are asking, transferring its forehand more than you have asked for by taking bigger strides without stopping the croup to the inside,

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Regidor XXXVI, bred by Eduardo Miura, owned by José Fajardo Garcia and ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros (Photographic set up)

Reining back in spirals is a basic tool to obtain pirouettes

go onto a bigger circle and place the croup a little further toward the inside. If the horse becomes too collected in this new position and you therefore see that the flow of the strides decreases, go back to canter circles about six meters diameter, or even, if necessary, return to the circles of ten or more meters. Should the problem lie in moving the croup sufficiently towards the inside, check—with croup to the wall at walk, trot and canter— where the tension that prevents the croup from moving towards the inside is located when moving in circles in croup to the inside. You can also discover the tension by performing counter canter

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and inverse pirouettes at walk. Once the horse is free of tension, you can ask for circles in croup to the inside at walk. When these are performed with no problems, ask for several strides of circles in croup to the inside at canter, than go back to walk and continue the circles in croup to the inside, that is to say, without stopping performing croup to the inside, walk-canterwalk transitions. By doing this, you recover the desired angle in walk, to then try to maintain it at canter. With horses "escape" in the circles in croup to the inside, due to their vivacity and/or when they fail to understand what you are asking for, the spirals in rein back are indicated. However, this is not

meant to be a reprimand, but as a form of moderating them; of course, only if their hindquarters are very powerful. If this is not the case, this would be a very severe punishment that would quickly ruin their hindquarters. 1- Working on circles of about twelve metersdiameter,gointothecroup to the inside for several strides (three or four). Then continue cantering and then, once again, go into croup to the inside for three or four strides. When the canter has sufficient impulsion, flow, balance etc, ask for the croup to the inside. Should you detect a lack of flow when in croup to the inside, go on to cantering in circles. This way, the horse will, little

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Regidor XXXVI, bred by Eduardo Miura, owned by JosĂŠ Fajardo Garcia and ridden by Jose A. Fdez. Lineros

by little, start to perform the croup to the inside; it will acquire dexterity and the concept will become fixed. At the other extreme, that is to say with a much higher degree of learning: 2- From an almost "on the spot" canter on the centre line, ask for a circle in croup to the inside of about two meters in diameter. Between exercises one and two there is an entire ocean in whose depths you

can find the strangest and most beautiful specimens (problems), and you should still not have asked for canter pirouettes, not until you have identified, analyzed and resolved each one of these specimens. Some readers will be wondering how a problem can be beautiful. It is my opinion that we grow in wisdomwitheachproblem resolved. Therefore, each problem is an opportunity to be wiser; perhaps one

day we will become like that sovereign who reigned over the universe, its citizens being the stars and planets. That old king some people had heard about ordered the sun to set daily and the sun obeyed. Well, it is true that each day, twilight was at a different time, but always just after the king had ordered it. It is also true that the king knew when to give the order, and free of all impatience he awaited the right moment.

Daily Veterinary Practice

ADJUSTING THE BUDGET By Esther GutiĂŠrrez

Mares owned by Rafael Ayala

2*161 %#4.15 0›K'<

In hard times, as is the case, it is logical to try to reduce costs. Before starting, it is important to analyze whether a particular expenditure is necessary or not. On occasion, it is necessary to make small investments to save money. Expenses that can be easily reduced and which can initially save us a few euros (dollars), might very well cost a lot of money in the future. The best way to achieve longterm savings is to keep your horse healthy. Feeding This is one of the biggest expenses on any farm, but it is a fundamental expense. Many horses have specific nutritional requirements, such as growing colts and fillies, gestating mares or competition horses. In these cases, corners can’t be cut in terms of costs. However, measures can be taken to reduce feed costs. To keep a horse healthy, it must eat a large quantity of fiber (forage) in its ration, as well as carbohydrates

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(cereal) and proteins. Forage fed ad lib means that horses will select the most tempting parts and ignore the rest. Outdoor troughs avoid this situation. Another measure is to not over-feeding horses. On a daily basis, horses need to eat a minimum of 1.5% of their body weight in fiber. If this is not borne in mind, horses are given a greater quantity and this intake is not used to its best advantage. With several breeders joining together to purchase forage and hard feed, they can reduce transport costs,

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“In times of crisis, the best way to achieve long-term savings is to keep your horse healthy” “The prevention of disease is the best way to reduce veterinary expenses.”

and this therefore leads to discounts in price. Another possible measure is to build a covered warehouse to store hay or straw when the price is more affordable. On those stud farms with sufficient land, the best measure is to rotate crops for self-feeding.

Prevention The prevention of disease is the best way to keep your horses healthy and, therefore, reduce veterinary expenses. A regular worming routine is essential. Although it is impossible to completely eliminate parasites from the environment, it is vital that your veterinarian establishes the most appropriate health program for your stud farm. Parasites are not only responsible for colic in horses, they are also related to other problems, such as hindering an appropriate absorption of nutrients, preventing the scaring of certain types of wounds (summer sores) and can cause breathing problems (due to the migration of the larvae to the lungs). The use of wormers is fundamental in keeping your horse healthy. If you worm less frequently, it is important to use a broad-spectrum wormer; that is to say, one that is effective against all the parasites that could affect your horses. Depending on the environment, activity and age of the horse, you will have to adapt your worming frequency. In youngstock, much more worming is often very important (every 2 months), since these horses are the most sensitive to certain parasites, including ascarids. These parasites can cause intestinal obstruction and the death of the horse. In stallions and mares that live in groups and are turned out, it is also necessary to worm more often and to worm all horses at the same time. More than 60% of all cases of colic are related to the presence of parasites. Colic is the greatest cause of disease and death in horses. Most colic is not mortal, but colic costs the owner a great deal, both economically and emotionally. Changes in handling are one of the biggest risk factors, for example, access to water, the quantity of concentrates in the ration, etc.

Vaccination This preventive gesture can avoid various diseases that can cause horses serious health problems that could even lead to death. The most important illnesses against which the horse should be vaccinated are: - Flu - Equine Rhinopneumonitis - Tetanus Vaccination allows the body to fight against diseases caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses).

It is the most effective and least aggressive way to protect a horse from infectious diseases. The idea is to avoid the development of contagious diseases by creating protective and durable immunity. To guarantee its effectiveness, a vaccination needs to be repeated regularly. It is useless to vaccinate only when threatened by an “epidemic”. Vaccinations must follow a protocol (first vaccination, second vaccination, booster), which enables the antibodies and defensive cells to prepared to protect the horse when facing an external agent such as the Rhinopneumonitis virus or the tetanus bacteria. Vaccinations must be administered by a professional veterinarian, who will indicate which vaccine is the most appropriate, and when the horses should be vaccinated. Your veterinarian will check the horses prior to vaccinating, (taking its temperature, listening to its heart) to discard any disease.

Flu or equine influenza Before your horse can attend an event where there is a concentration of horses, and according to the International Equestrian Federation, all horses must be vaccinated against equine flu. It is one of the most common infectious diseases among horses. The flu virus is transmitted from one animal to another by means of small contaminated droplets in suspension in the air. The affected horse will have a temperature, cough and nasal discharge. If it is kept in a clean and quiet environment, the issue will take care of itself after 2 to 3 weeks. Otherwise, complications such as bacterial infections can appear: the nasal discharge becomes purulent, then greenish. Breathing problems follow and it can even lead to lung damage, with pneumonia or pleuro-pneumonia. In this case, the veterinarian will prescribe a treatment based on anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics.

Equine Rhinopneumonitis Rhinopneumonitis is a viral disease related to the herpes virus. The herpes virus can subsist in latent state in the tissues, following an inadvertent infection, and be intermittently secreted to the exterior (for example, in the case of stress). It is very common among horses living in groups. It can appear in three ways: - It is the primary cause of infectious abortion in mares. This generally takes place between the 8th and 11th month of gestation. The foal can be born live and J * J * Q# # J @ *] J; - Rhinopneumonitis also causes respiratory disorders similar to those of flu, which cause a greater or lesser reduction in performance.

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A poor occlusion hinders normal grazing

“Fundamental: Avoid unnecessary expenses and invest in those aspects that offer savings, but without harming the wellbeing of our horses.�

- It is also responsible for symptoms affecting the nervous system, clinical signs range from a slight twitching of the hind quarters to a intense paralysis. The current vaccines help prevent the respiratory form and the abortions caused place by this disease. It has not been proven that the vaccines against Rhinopneumonitis protect against the nervous form. But it is certain that most of the horses affected by this disease did not have a sufficient immunity from vaccines. In vaccinated horses, the disease rarely develops, and if it does, it is much less severe, and they generally recover.

tetani, and it commonly appears in the areas where horses are kept. Tetanus is a very serious disease, on many occasions it is mortal. The microbe responsible for this pathology multiplies in wounds, secreting a toxin that causes contractions or muscular spasms. It is present in the entire area where horses are kept: in the soil, in bedding, in droppings, etc. and it remains there almost indefinitely. The expense of following an appropriate health protocol (vaccination and worming) is infinitely less than the treatment of any of these preventable diseases.

Tetanus

A lot of people overlook this important aspect. From the nutritional point of view, a bad occlusion hinders good mastication and this causes the grains of oats or barley to be eliminated without being digested by the horse.

The vaccination against tetanus is not obligatory, but it is advisable because of the severity of the disease. The bacterium that produces tetanus is the Chlostridium

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Dental care

This, therefore, leads to a poor absorption of the nutrients found in feed. In some cases, a bad occlusion of the incisors prevents the horse from grazing normally. A mouth in a bad shape also affects the performance of the horse. In general, horses should have an annual dental check up, except in the case of older horses or when a particular problem appears, such as a missing tooth, in which case check ups should be more frequent. Is it necessary? This is the key question when trying to work out a budget.

Fundamental Avoid unnecessary expenses and invest in those aspects that offer savings, but without harming the well-being of our horses.

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International GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE PRE BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION IN DENMARK The Danish PRE Association held its annual General Assembly on the 29th of March, during which they chose a new work team. The members making up the Executive Committee are:

President: Charlotte Eichel Larsen Vice-president: Maybritt Roenn Secretary: Zuzette Kraft Treasurer: Anette Thestrup Members: Bo Wohlert Hansen Heidi Koebmann Madsen Mette Andersen Morten Nedergaard Andersen Lika Ottosen

ECUADOR 13TH PRE HORSE FAIR IN QUITO Some 80 PRE horses took part in the 13th PRE Horse Fair, held at the Quito Tennis and Golf Club “El Condado” @ 6 * J $| J $# J * $~ J of March. Despite the heavy rain, the program was followed in every detail; the Conformation Competition took place with total normality. A total of 80 PRE horses were judged by Saúl Dávalos Vidal. Likewise, the International Forum for PRE breeders, organized by ANCCE,

was held as planned. Francisco Santana was the instructor at the course for the handlers, which was extremely useful in improving the handling of the horses being judged. This year brought innovation; there were changes to the format of the fair. A lovely and entertaining marketplace was set up with stands for the sale and exhibition of hats, pictures, equestrian complements, tractors, photographs, and a variety

El Condado, the Quito Tennis and Golf Club facilities

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of other items. It was all surrounded by kiosks of typical Ecuadorian and international food; the most outstanding included the Spanish cuisine, the Colombian coffee and the Ecuadorian chocolate. The public enjoyed the beauty of the horses to the maximum, and enjoyed a very interesting weekend with family and friends at this magnificent event that was the 13th Ecuadorian PRE Horse Fair. 2*161 4#(#'. .'/15

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Meeting between Ecuadorian breeders and ANCCE representative

ALTA ESCUELA COMPETITION AT MALPENSACAVALLI 2009

2*161 4#(#'. .'/15

IMPRESSIVE SHOWCASE FOR THE PRE AT MALPENSACAVALLI Cobra owned by Equisport Beretta

The champion, Alex Tameni riding Max, alongside the judges and Roberto Bruno

An Alta Escuela (High School) competition was organized by the Spanish Alta Escuela Association in Italy, along with the UAIPRE, on the 27th March, at Malpensacavalli 2009, with the collaboration of the RFHE and the FISE (Italian Federation). Both entities sent two judges, Luis Mahillo from Spain and Luigi Masotto from Italy. Nine horses and riders participated in this First Official Competition, which stood out for the good execution of the exercises and for the clothing of the riders. The President of the AAEE Italy, Roberto Bruno, thanked all the audience at the competition who applauded the work of the riders and participants. This First Alta Escuela Competition was possible thanks to their efforts.

Six years have now gone by since the first and uninterrupted participation of UAIPRE at this fair, which opens the Italian Fair season. This year the association wanted to welcome breeders and visitors by organizing a true Spanish corner, in which, during the three days of the fair, horses and flamenco dancers offered a Spanish flare within a red and gold backdrop. The attending public was offered traditional products and typical of Spanish cuisine. A total of 150 horses, divided between stallions, mares and youngstock, participated in the competitions for Conformation, Dressage and Doma Vaquera. All impressed the judges and the many horse-lovers present. In addition to the competitions, there was a forum and a round-table attended by breeders and technical personnel to advise these on the best breeding methods. The PRE was represented by the following stud farms: Yeguada Los Potro de Genoa, Il Cavallino de MilĂ n, El Palo Borracho de Roma and Equisport Beretta de Bergamo.

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INTERNATIONAL

ASSOCIATIONS

The goal of this section is to provide a space for associations throughout the world, whether or not they are linked to ANCCE, whose objective is to defend and promote the PRE.

ITALY: ITALIAN PRE ASSOCIATION, UAIPRE

Stallion Breed Champion, Revoltoso, owned by Il Cavallino and bred by Eduardo Manrubia and the Mare Breed Champion, Fanfarrona XVII, owned by Tameni Alessandro and bred by JosĂŠ Oriol

T

he Italian PRE Association, UAIPRE, was created in 1998 by eight people who decided to create the organization because they liked the PRE. Today, approximately 95% of the Italian PRE breeders are members. Currently, the association has a well groomed organization and has always had a reputation for responsibility. As a result, and with the passing of time, all the professionals devoted to the world of the horse have been won over. Within the activity generated by an association, AIPRE has two main objectives: handling the LG-PREANCCE Stud Book for Italy and the promotion of the PRE through Conformation, Dressage and Doma Vaquera Competitions. These are carrried out at the various Italian equestrian fairs and in the equestrian clubs. In addition,

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AIPRE dedicates a monthly budget to promoting the PRE through publicity in the written press. They run publicity in each issue of one of the most important equestrian magazines in Italy: CAVALLO MAGAZINE. The Italian association is carrying out great efforts to help breeders, since it is necessary to

increase the numbers of PRE, but in Italy there is no public economic backing. In other words, there are no government grants of any type for the breeders; due to this fact, the association is trying to offer breeders economic support, although they find it quite difficult. In Italy, the PRE horse is admired for its beauty, but it is not as well known as in other European countries. It is bred, basically, as a horse for hacking. However, thanks to the efforts of both the association and the breeders, the number of PRE horses in Italy is growing both in quantity and in quality. It is increasingly better valued by horse-lovers, but it has not yet entered into the competitive field of Dressage. In Italy, there are three prevailing breeds; the Italian Saddle Horse, the Arab and Quarter Horse. Only in the northern area do you find a

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greater productivity of PRE, but not exist in large numbers. For the time being, we do not believe that these will greatly increase due to the market perspectives and the high prices. This complicates the task of positioning the PRE as the best breed. The Italian public that buys a PRE Horse is basically made up of riders and horse-enthusiasts who acquire a PRE for the pleasure of having one. Lastly, the UAIPRE would like ANCCE to offer them more

support, above all in helping Italian breeders. With this, we could overcome the obstacles and position the PRE where it deserves. We request the presence of ANCCE at the most important equestrian fair in Italy, Fieracavalli and would like them to look into the possibility of the evaluations of breeding stock being performed by qualified Italian personal, in an effort to reduce costs and simplify the procedures.

Revoltoso, owned by Il Cavallino and bred by Eduardo Manrubia, Stallion Breed Champion at Malpensacavalli 2009

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Associations

Pre Breeders’ Association In Murcia

NEW PRESIDENT FOR THE PRE BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION IN MURCIA Due to personal reasons, José Leonardo Zamora García presented his resignation as President of the PRE Breeders’ Association in Murcia. After this had been accepted by the Board of Directors, they proceeded to elect a new President. Juan José Belando Abellán was unanimously elected to the post. All other members of the Board will continue in office until their tenure comes to an end.

The Board of Directors is now as follows: President: Juan José Abelando Vice president: Antonio Ruiz Vice president: Alfonso Fernández Secretary: Juan Martínez Treasurer: Julio Nicolás Ortiz Members: Andrés Montiel Juan Antonio Espin José González López Manuel Lamarca Alfonso Cayuela Eduardo porlan Mª José Sánchez Executive Secretary: Julián Moreno López

PRE Breeders’ Association of Cordoba

PRACTICAL COURSE ON THE CONFORMATION, MOVEMENT, PRESENTATION AND FUNCTIONALITY TEST FOR P.R.E. HORSES The PRE Breeders’ Association of Cordoba, in collaboration with Centro Hipico los Pedroches (Equestrian Center) organized a practical course on conformation, movement and presentation and the functionality test. Ignacio Bravo, Conformation Judge and Dressage rider, imparted the course on the 21st and 22nd of March in the town of Villanueva del Duque.

The program was based on theoretical presentations and practical sessions. Places were limited, and the first thirty to register were those who were selected to attend the course, which was a success. All the participants were very satisfied after working and learning together for two days.

Participants in the clinic alongside Ignacio Bravo, in the facilities of the C.H. Los Pedroches

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ANCCE

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PRE Horse Breeders’ Association of Cadiz

FIRST COURSE ON THE PRESENTATION AND FUNCTIONALITY TEST FOR PRE HORSES

Manuel Serna-Borja during the theoretical part of the course

AGAPRE, the PRE Horse Breeders’ Association of Cadiz, organized the 1st course on the presentation and functionality test for PRE horses. Thirty students traveled to the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art Foundation, on the 7th and 8th of March to attend the course, which was taught by the International Conformation Competition Judge, Manuel SernaBorja. ANCCE and TOUR NOVO collaborated with AGAPRE for this course. The objective of the course was to establish the basic criteria with regards to the conformation regulations for the PRE, the definition of the breed prototype, the evaluation of breeding stock and the evaluation of the new score sheet and the new regulations. Once

Practical session in the covered arena of the REAAE

the basics were laid out, these were put into practice with mares and stallions belonging to the Royal School. Topics included the types of clip, the correct presentation of each body area of the horse, and the preparation prior to a competition. In addition, practical sessions were carried out of the functionality test for PRE stallions, ridden by Arancha Alonso and Javier Breton, Royal School students and judged by all the students at the course, under the guidance of Manuel Serna-Borja. Finally, participants exchanged thoughts about all the knowledge acquired through the course and about the evaluation of the breed prototype of the PRE horse.

Association of Catalonia

FOURTH RAFAEL SOTO CLINIC Twenty-three horses and riders participated in the fourth clinic held during the first semester of the year. This course was included in the UCCPR Training Program by the Olympic Rider, Rafael Soto Andrade. The chosen venue was Can Alzina facilities in Polinyà (near the city of Barcelona), and held on the 20th, 21st and 22nd of March. The success of the clinic was noteworthy, as there was a full house, as well as the excellent quality of the participant horses and riders who attended. The

association would like to thank the following for their participation in the clinic: Yeguada Andic, Agustí Elías, Yeguada Fuertes Camacho, Lucas Elías, Yeguada Magin Mateu, Yeguada Hermanos Nieto, Yeguada Velasco-González, Antoni Fluvià, Yeguada Santa Olive, Yaguada La Campana and Joan Pot. UCCPR will inform about the dates of the next Rafael Soto clinic. The Association would like to thank Rafael for his excellent work and daily efforts in favor of horses, as well as Hipica Can Alzina for their collaboration.

Rafael Soto along with participants and visitors of this fourth clinic

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ElFROM Foro THE ARCHIVES

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ANCCE

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ANTHOLOGY TO THE HORSE SONNET I don’t know what you write to your lordship, That the news here is all old; Lack of bread and excess skin, Clear fear and fleeting courage; Few horses, much infantry, Of the sterile barley giving complaints, Mares that will run as twenty teams If the rider does not let up or catch cold; He envies own, strange solitude, The dwarfed cost, the giant spirit, Given the extreme-unction to the comedy; The coins growing closer to the moneybox,* Glove clad militia begging their tithe And there will be more, if God does not find a remedy By Luis de Gongora *The original texts says cane (known as a caña or cañadu), but in Spain, centuries ago, it was a common practice to keep coins in a hollowed out reed. In English speaking countries, you kept your savings in the cookie jar or a tin box in the kitchen cupboard, or in a sock or under the mattress. (Translator´s note)

The issue, as with others at this time of the year, is dedicated specifically to testimonies about the expansion of the PRE the world over. There are already many PRE Breeders’ Associations throughout the world: in France, North America, Costa Rica, Mexico and Brazil, joining hands with Guatemala and Switzerland. In this Bulletin, information is provided about activities in Guatemala, Switzerland and Germany and we publish a letter from His Majesty, the King of Nepal, who is interested in purchasing Spanish Horses. We are sorry that our means and limited space hinder the publishing of all the news from around the world.

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His Majesty, the King of Nepal is interested in purchasing PRE Horses

His Excellency, the Ambassador for Nepal in Paris visits several PRE stud farms in Sevilla and prepares the visit of His Majesty, the King of Nepal in September. This past month of March, we received a letter from the Embassy of H. M. The King of Nepal in Paris, expressing interest in purchasing a sire stallion and two mares. In response to this request, we informed that we would send catalogues, magazines and a complete list of those breeders registered with the Association. Later, on the 18th of July, the Ambassador for Nepal in Paris visited Sevilla together with representatives from other countries and the Permanent Representative for the UNESCO, residing in Paris, His Excellence Krishna Raj Aryal. They were accompanied by the Protocol Attachﾃｩ from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Katmandu, Mr. Narayan Shumsvere Thapa, who came to Sevilla with two objectives in mind: prepare the visit of H. M. the King of Nepal in September and see the various Purebred Spanish Horses. His Excellency, the Ambassador Krishna Raj Aryal, and Mr. Narayan Shumsvere Thapa, together with our President, Mr. Francisco Alba Ayala, and the Executive Secretary, Mr. Jose Maria Martin Cornello, met at a restaurant in downtown Sevilla. Mauricio Dominguez, the Chief of Protocol for the Sevilla City Hall, joined them with high ranking Andalusian Government officials and the interpreters to give the Ambassador informative material about the PRE Horse and a bound copy of the magazine EL CABALLO ESPAﾃ前L that contained two years of issues. His Excellency expressed his appreciation for the material. After the meal, together with Francisco and Jose Maria, Mauricio Dominguez and an interpreter from the Andalusian Government, they visited three stud farms to see horses in the arena, and Spanish riding exhibitions. At the farm he has in the town of Dos Hermanas, Francisco Alba invited them to refreshments while they admired a driving exhibition. His Excellency Krishna Raj Aryal will return at the end of August to finalize the preparation for the arrival of H. M, the King of Nepal.

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ANCCE

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Competitions Calendar DATE May 1 - 3 May 1 - 3 May 2 - 4 May 7 - 10 May 7 - 10 May 7 - 10 May 14 - 17 May 14 - 17 May 14 - 17 May 15 - 17 May 15 - 17 May 21 - 24 May 21 - 24 May 22 - 24 May 22 - 24 May 23 - 24 May 28 - 31 May 28 - 31 May 29 - 31 June1 June 4 - 7 June 4 - 7 June 4 - 7 June 5 - 7 June 11 - 14 June 12 - 14 June 12 - 14 June18 - 20 June 18 - 21 June 25 - 28 June 25 - 28 June 25 - 28 June 26 - 28 June 26 - 28 June 27 - 29

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CONFORMATION COMPETITIONS COMPETITION LOCATION ZARAGOZA ECUZAR 2009 I CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO BÉJAR FUNCIONAL PRE "CIUDAD DE BÉJAR ALACALÁ DEL EQUI-GAZUL 2009 OS GAZULES XIV MORFOLÓGICO NACIONAL DE CÓRDOBA CABALLOS DE PRE "CIUDAD DE CÓRDOBA" XIII CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICOCAMPONARAYA FUNCIONAL DE PRE DE CAMPONARAYA II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE PUERTO CABALLOS DE PRE DEL PUERTO SANTA SANTA MARÍA MARÍA X FIRA CAVALL DEL PARC CENTRAL DEL SABADELL VALLÉS JEREZ DE LA EQUISUR 2009 FRONTERA I CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO VILLA DE ESTEPONA ESTEPONA VII CONCURSO MORFOFUNCIONAL CONSTANTINA "CIUDAD DE CONSTANTINA" CAMPEONATO ANCCEMEX PUEBLA PUEBLA VIII CAMPIONAT DE MALLORECA DE ALCUDIA CAVALLS DE PURA RAÇA EXPOVICAMAN 2009 ALBACETE CIUDAD DE RONDA 2009 RONDA VII CONCURSO MORFOFUNCIONAL ARACENA "CIUDAD DE ARACENA" XII CONCUNRSOS MORFOLÓGICO REGIONAL DE CABALLOS CRUZADOS Y OVIEDO PURA RAZA EQUINA COSTA BLANCA ELCHE ECU-CONIL 2009 CONIL CITY OF PRE EXPO 2009 INDUSTRY II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO "ISLAS ARONA CANARIAS" XX CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO Y V TRUJILLO FERIA DEL CABALLO ALCAB 2009 ALMERIA II CONCURSO MORFOFUNCIONAL PRE COLMENAR DE COLMENAR VIEJO VIEJO MEDINA EQUISIDONIA 2009 SIDONIA XX CAMPEONTATO DE ANDALUCÍA DE ANTEQUERA CABALLOS PRE XXII CONCURSO MORFOFUNCIONAL DE SALAMANCA PRE DE SALAMANCA 20098 EQUIMA 2009 JAEN FERIA DEL CAVALLS DE CAMBRILS CAMBRILS II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CABALLOS DEP RE CIUDAD DE ALGECIRAS ALGECIRAS ECU-CARMONA 2009 CARMONA II MOSTRA DEL CAVALL PURA RAÇA FIGUERAS I CONCURSO CIUDAD DE CUENCA CUENCA VIII CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CHUCENA CHUCENA III CONCURSO MORFOLÓGIC VILLA DE SAN PEDRO SAN PEDRO DE MÉRIDA VI CONCURSO MORFOFUNCIONAL DE ZAMORA PRE DE ZAMORA

ANCCE

COUNTRY SPAIN SPAIN

May M

T

W

T

F

S

S

SPAIN

#

5

6

7

1

2

3

8

9

10

11

12

13

$#

15

16

17

SPAIN

18

19

20

21

22

23

Q#

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

SPAIN

SPAIN SPAIN

June

SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN

M

T

W

T

F

S

S

1

2

3

#

5

6

7

MEXICO

8

9

10

11

12

13

$#

SPAIN

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Q#

25

26

27

28

29

30

SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN

For more information about the Conformation Calendar for the ANCCE Cup and the Young Horse Circuit to be held in 2008, consult the ANCCE web at: www.ancce.com

USA SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN SPAIN

www.ancce.com

DATE May 2 - 3

DRESSAGE COMPETITION CATEGORY Young horse selection tests (PSCJ)

LOCATION

COUNTRY

MENORCA

SPAIN

May 15 - 17

CDN*** / ANCCE Cup

CUENCA

SPAIN

May 22 - 23

CDN*** / ANCCE Cup

ALBACETE

SPAIN

May 30 - 31

CDN** / ANCCE Cup

ALICANTE

SPAIN

June 12 - 14

CDN*** / Young horse selection tests(PSCJ) / ANCCE Cup

TOLEDO

SPAIN

June 20 - 21

CDN** / Young horse selection tests (PSCJ) / ANCCE Cup

CAMBRILS

SPAIN

June 27 - 28

CDN** / ANCCE Cup

VALENCIA

SPAIN

May M

T

W

T

F

S

S

1

2

3

#

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

$#

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Q#

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

June M

T

W

T

F

S

S

1

2

3

#

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

$#

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Q#

25

26

27

28

29

30

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