Revista El Caballo Español 2009, n.192 (ENGLISH)

Letter from the President

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he concern for the situation affecting the world of the PRE is obvious; mainly due to an excess of horses, worsened by the poor economic situation and the revolution triggered by the new marketing methods, a consequence of the widespread use of artificial reproduction methods. All this has created a very complicated market, with a broad range of prices that are generating a number of problems for the stud farm system in existence up to now.

In any case, this is not the first time that the equine sector has suffered times of crisis. These situations, which are initially negative and are usually accompanied by painful and unpleasant consequences, usually cause chain reactions that bring new bases for a healthy growth. Therefore, we should not be afraid to take the necessary measures to adapt to this new situation.

Failing to do so will but worsen the problem and make overcoming even more difficult.

As has already been stated on more than one occasion, “everything goes” no longer works; demands are greater. People want a functional and high quality horse with typical breed characteristics; in other words, a horse that, in addition to its natural beauty and nobility, it must be useful. This is the concept that must prevail when breeding PRE horses, without forgetting something of utmost importance, the reliability and dependability of its documentation that identifies both the horse and its owner.

Promoting the PRE is useless if it fails to satisfy market demands. Due to this, selection is essential to breed better. Selection is a personal option, and our obligation, as those responsible for the association, is to provide breeders with the means to facilitate decision making. This is why the score sheets for Conformation Competitions and the Selection Scheme have been modified. Let us use these tools and take advantage of them at these difficult times. Let us do what we are can to avoid rumors about the prices of horses. Let us defend our market and that will only achieve good results if we supply quality and transparency in the products sold.

I would like to take advantage of this editorial to state that we must not be insensitive towards those who generate confusion within a sector, which is rather is complicated at the moment, and that needs a calm environment and efforts to confront a future that could be promising, if it is confronted with the willingness to improve.

I fail to understand why legality is questioned in such a public and notorious way, to the extent of reading

biased documents that do not reflect reality. Nor are their demands consistent when they collaborate in projects that try to break the unity of the Stud Book, such as taking part in something called “premundial”, which is nothing more than a bad copy of our Stud Book, with no official recognition whatsoever, and that can only be detrimental, due to the confusion it creates within the PRE world. Even less understandable is that those responsible for this pseudo-registry—to grant it some type of descriptive noun—register their own horses with the Stud Book we handle and that belongs to Spain, something we are proud to be part of.

Therefore, at a personal level, we do not trust “professionals” who call notifications from administrative bodies rulings; we cannot understand why some associations create alliances with those who seek the break-up of the Stud Book and we do not collaborate with anyone who skirts legality with the inaccurate use of the registry data.

I believe that it is one thing to request to handle a section of the Stud Book, and its corresponding division—that is bad but legitimate—but it is something else to request that ANCCE be stripped of the Stud Book management due to the fact that someone does not like the association. ANCCE will offer services to breeders all over the world and, of course, to those living in Spain, but this does not mean that it will collaborate with associations in specific geographical areas that constantly reject our objectives. I believe we must be very clear. Only a few days ago, as the representative of the sector, I was embarrassed to see the representatives of the UCCE, and the Castilla-la Mancha (ASOCAMAN PRE), Castilla León (CESCALE), Extremadura Associations and FENACE, joining with Barbara Currie in requesting that ANCCE be stripped of the right to handle the Stud Book.

Even more illogical is that after forsaking ANCCE, these associations are not the least embarrassed to request participation ANCCE projects and that is, of course, something that I will try to halt starting now.

Javier Conde Cerrato President of ANCCE

El Caballo Español

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LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT 4 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 6 INTERVIEW

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EL CABALLO ESPAÑOL The PRE horse magazine since 1978

MANUEL REY

NEWS 21 THE FORUM 32 OUTSTANDING HORSES 13

JANNE RUMBOUGH, OWNER OF GAUCHO Inmaculada Rodríguez

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ANCCE TEAM Inmaculada Rodríguez

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EQUESTRIAN TRADES ANTONIO CABEZA GARCÍA, HORSE TAMER María Sáez de Propios

ANCCE REPORTS 62 PRE HISTORY 47

THE FRONTAL-NASAL PROFILE OF THE PRE Juan Carlos Altamirano

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DRESSAGE RHYTHM José A. Fdez. Lineros

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ALTA ESCUELA CANTER FLYING CHANGES 1 Alfonso Cuesta

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DRIVING INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE DRIVING COMPETITION María Gómez

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DAILY VETERINARY PRACTICE SECTION 1 AND 2 AND THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT Esther Gutiérrez

INTERNATIONAL 86 FROM THE ARCHIVES 90 HISTORIC SIRES 80

Jesús Sixto "Gallito"

COMPETITIONS CALENDAR 98 LIST OF ANCCE BREEDERS 96

Edited by: Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española (ANCCE) Cortijo de Cuarto (Viejo) 41014 SEVILLA Telephone: +34 954 68 92 60, Fax: +34 954 69 03 27 www.ancce.com revista@ancce.com Editor-in-Chief: Javier Conde Cerrato Editorial Committee: Comisión de Comunicación de la ANCCE Editor: Inmaculada Rodríguez prensa@ancce.com Publicity: Alejandro Sánchez +34 954 689 260 comercial@ancce.com Photos: Rafael Lemos, Manuel Vasco, Carlos Nuñez, María Gómez Design and Set up: Editorial Maratania www.maratania.es maratania@maratania.es Translations: Yreva Arobed SL traducciones@yrevaarobed.com Photo mechanics and Printing: J. de Haro Artes Gráficas, S.L. www.jdeharo.com jdeharo@jdeharo.com ISSN 1889-4623 Legal Registration Code: SE-1965-2009 © All rights reserved. No part of this magazine, including its contents, texts, graphics and photographs, whether in English or Spanish, may be reproduced by any means without specific written permission from the publishers. El Caballo Español is not responsible for the opinions expressed by its collaborators in the articles published.

PRE

El Caballo Español Año XXXI Nº 192 Julio - Agosto 2009

Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de Pura Raza Española

Cover Page: Ganadería Francisco Lazo Díaz Photo: Carlos Núñez

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Letters to the Editor LEGENDARY JEREZ HORSE FAIR A few days ago, Jerez celebrated its legendary Horse Fair, with the obvious absence of memorial breeders and of course, their horses. This doggone crisis is starting to become evident; this Fair, in which certain equestrian discipline were missing, one thing that caught my attention as an enthusiast, was the lack of the traditional stud farm managers in their gray “short suits� with a white turn-up cuffs, their silver gray hats straight on the brow and their long staffs. However, today, they are almost always replaced by young lads, almost always foreigners, who have no idea about how to herd horses, shouting away, unlike a farm manager. In short, a list of details that would take too long to comment on. It was in the sire stallion station—the city’s crown jewel—that I witnessed a case that left me feeling quite sad, because my heart fails to tolerate the injustices, arrogance and vanity show by some people. An eight year old girl, driving a single horse, was ex aequo with a lady who is now a bit elderly, and who now has plenty of prizes to her credit, and the two had to enter together to receive the awards. This lady refused flat-out to enter with that enthusiast, saying a great deal and being completely unappreciative of this girl, when this was the dream of her life, as she had achieved first place for the first time in her life. Clearly, the child was heartbroken and began to cry; she cried her eyes out. I do not if you know what it is to cry from a broken heart.

Her father, a good enthusiast and expert at driving, commented muleteers we are and we will see each other on the road!

And the girl asked, Daddy what is that?

Sweetheart, when you are older, you will understand.

Envy is still the national sport par excellence; this brings to mind the words of CalderĂłn de la Barca, in his work Life is a dream. “What a crime have I committed against you by being born?â€?

Rafael Lemos with DinĂĄmico, owned by Hacienda MarĂ­a

Rafael Lemos

Dialogue brings us closer to one another and enriches us. Experiences, stories, consultations, and opinions from all who support the Purebred Spanish Horse are good for us and are interesting to everyone.

The magazine “El Caballo EspaĂąolâ€? trusts that this section, “Letters to the Editorâ€?, will be an interesting and useful means of communication with its readers. The letters to this section must be signed, with name, surname(s), ID and telephone number, and must not exceed 350 words. Send your letters for publication to:

" # $%&%$ ' * * / (EspaĂąa) < = > / K /QQ XQ >

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Carioco III owned by Hdros. de Salvador Guardiola Fantoni

COMPETITION FOLLOW-UP COMMISSION I would like to express my support for the conformation competition followup commission and the measures that it has taken.

Without getting into the details of the cases or the facts that have been judged, I consider it to be of paramount importance for the sector and for fair play that the way in which some breeders act be curbed. A tense atmosphere and the lack of sportsmanship shown at competitions in recent years must not be tolerated, and this (behavior) brings nothing positive for the PRE as a breed.

There are those who have spent a lot of money on buying horses that have won, and there are those who have sold horses for a very high price, making unfounded claims. Horses are living beings; some are better and others worse. When a horse changes ownership, the presenters, the farm managers and everything surrounding the horses also changes.

When you participate in a competition, there can be only one winner; if this premise is not accepted, we will all be condemned to frustration.

The judges must be respected at all times, the same as their decisions, and if that is not the case, perhaps the breeders who have complained earlier should do the judging.

However, we must not forget that it is also essential to avoid certain actions (behavior) on behalf of the judges.

Mistakes can be made, as judges are humans, but breach of duty and â&#x20AC;&#x153;palling-upâ&#x20AC;? is unacceptable. There are a series of incompatibilities that must be complied with, as well as several categories of judges and competitions, which it appears will be applied as of 2010. I hope that in this sense, the appropriate measures will also be adopted should such cases arrive.

Juan MartĂ­nez

ANC CE El Caballo EspaĂąol

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Interview

Manuel Rey NBT Laboratory

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NBT is a reference laboratory for genetic diagnostics in the agrifood, health and veterinarian industries.

This firm is the ANCCE Stud Book supplier in this field. The company has been performing DNA analyses for the parentage and identification of individuals, genetic selection for specific characteristics, the detection of hereditary diseases and molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases for almost a decade.

This is an interview with Manuel Rey, General Manager of NBT.

NBT generally provides the LG-PREANCCE Stud Book with parentage testing of horses. What procedure does the NBT laboratory follow when performing these parentage tests?

The procedure applied to a sample, from the time it enters the laboratory until a parentage response is issued, is divided into four phases.

First of all, the sample is registered.

During this phase, we verify that the sample is suitable for study (that it is properly labeled and preserved). All of the bar coded data (identification, type of analysis to be performed, etc.) corresponding to that sample is introduced into the LIMS (Laboratory Information Management Systems software), which was created jointly with the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book, to handle the entire process. LIMS software, known as the Expert System for Equine Genotype and Parentage (SGEF, based on the Spanish name) permits the storage, handling and tracing of the samples at any stage of the analysis.

SGEF has also implemented a series of useful tools for the resolution of decisions in complicated cases.

The second phase consists of the positioning and storage the samples on a plate. On the one hand, a fraction of the sample is placed on a multi-well plate for its later processing in the laboratory, while another fraction of the sample is used to create a permanent biological material bank that will allow new diagnostic analysis to be performed or research in the future.

Currently, the biological material bank contains more than 80,000 registrations. Undoubtedly, it is one of the great assets generated in recent years. Along with the phenotype information for each horse, it will be an enormously useful tool for future projects.

The third phase is the humid phase, or the actual lab work, includes the extraction of DNA, amplification of the micro-satellite markers from the

primary panel using PCR and the subsequent resolution by means of capillary electrophoresis. This phase concludes upon obtaining the genotype or genetic formula based on nineteen markers that are automatically assigned by the analysis software.

Lastly, the fourth phase is the manual verification by specialized personnel of each of the formulas obtained, to confirm that the automatic assignment was correct.

Once the verification has been carried out, the genotype is incorporated into the analytical sis system, which automatically performs the parentage study. If the result is positive, it is transferred to the LG-PRE-ANCCE Web-site who issues a breeder response about the requested analysis. Should the result have been negative (a negative parentage for the sire and/or dam) or a negative contrast, the sample is turned over to a manual verification in which a technician from the parentage unit analyzes the case and issues a manual response.

First phase of the parentage confirmation process: verification and registration of samples Second phase of the parentage confirmation process: positioning and storage of samples

Does the laboratory have approved quality certification for the services offered?

This is an innovative type of analysis; therefore, there are no standardized and normalized procedures to date, as is the case with traditional chemical or biochemical analyses.

This does not mean that mechanisms to guarantee the quality of the service do not exist. In our specific case, the laboratory is a member of national and international societies of genetics, such as the ISAG (International Society Animal of Genetics), which, among other activities, proposes standardized protocols for work and periodically performs inter-comparison tests to evaluate the effectiveness of the work procedures.

In addition to external intercomparison testing, NBT is authorized by the Andalusian Regional

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"It would be very difficult for an error to be committed, because there are a number of control elements"

Government as a Genetic Analysis Laboratory, and we use the quality administration system based on the 9001:2008 regulation. More specifically, for the genotype technique, and in agreement with the upcoming implementation of regulation 17.020 on behalf of the Stud Book, NBT is in the process of implementing regulation 17.025 and foresees having ENAC (Spanish National Certification Body) certification by December 2009.

This certification, which guarantees the technical competency, will mean that we are the only national or international laboratory with this quality insurance system.

Could some type of mistake be made?

In any procedure, there is a possibility of human error a nay point in the procedure of taking samples and their subsequent processing or even deliberate fraud. In any case, and whatever the possible source of error might be, it would be very difficult for this not to be detected, because there are a number of control elements. In the first place, each sample is associated with a individual formula and secondly, and more importantly, we are not talking of single samples, but rather, for each sample there is a whole set of ascendant and descendant aspects in which the sample must fit; it like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. This all makes it practically impossible to make a mistake (whether voluntary or not) that would escape detection.

What is the volume of samples that have been analyzed throughout 2008 and 2009 up to now? What is your maximum capacity?

During 2008, we performed 34,000 genotype analyses; of those, about half corresponded to parentage testing, and the other half to contrasts of livestock herds.

These samples were distributed in quite a balanced way throughout the whole year, the months of January (1,226) and June (4,180) being those in which the fewest and largest number of samples were processed respectively.

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numberâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;as there is no single and predictable causeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;I cannot suggest more than to maintain and persevere the standards of quality that are already being applied.

Third phase of the parentage conďŹ rmation process: DNA extraction from the blood samples

In view of our processing capacity, NBT is equipped with automaticrobotic systems for DNA extraction and to handle liquids, which gives it a theoretical maximum capacity of 1,536 samples per day, although the real number that is usual is 384 samples per day, which is still double the maximum analysis requirements that the laboratory has ever had. Our limiting factor is in the last stage of the process, which requires a manual review of the results obtained. On this point, I would like to highlight that the most important aspect of the high degree of lab automation is not so much the volume of samples that can be processed, but in reducing the probabilities of human error and increasing the repeatability of the processes.

Of these samples, what percentages are usually incompatible with the parents proposed by the breeders, and what recommendations would you give to avoid or to reduce this percentage?

Of all the samples processed to date, 3.2% incompatible parentages and 0.8% negative contrasts have been detected.

The main cause of these incompatibilities has been an error in the proposed parents, followed by errors in the identification of the samples.

In terms of recommendations to reduce this

How many genetic markers are used?

The laboratory works with two panels or groups of markers called the primary panel and secondary panel. The primary panel is made up of 19 micro-satellite, 18 autosomal and one gender marker, which are used as internal lab control. This panel is applied to all the samples, and in the immense majority of cases, it is enough to produce a definitive result. In those cases in which it is not enough (more than one compatible parent or doubtful exclusion), a second panel is applied made up of ten micro-satellite autosomal markers, which has allowed the doubtful results to be satisfactorily resolved in all the cases analyzed so far.

What is the approximate reliability reached with the use of these markers in the compatible studies?

The studies of biological parentage are based on comparing the genetic formula of one individual with the probability that an individual at random within the population presents the same formula. To carry out these calculations, it is necessary to know the frequency of the various allele of each marker within the population. Also, in the case of pure breeds, such as the PRE, it is necessary to bear in mind the degree of consanguinity, as this can bias the calculations. None of these elements is yet perfectly defined for the PRE; therefore the calculations of probabilities of paternity that can be given are only guidelines.

In any case, the resolution power of the system allows results to be issued with probabilities of paternity exceeding 99% in the majority of cases.

How often are you presented with the case of a young horse that

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"During 2008, we performed 34,000 genotype analyses, with the months of January (1,226) and June (4,180) having the fewest and largest number of samples processed respectively" is compatible with more than one parent, and how is this resolved?

Due to everything that has been described above, this is a case that has occurred occasionally, but it is quite exceptional. It occurs when the degree of consanguinity is very high and the way in which it is resolved is by applying the secondary panel, which increases the resolution power of the system.

If a breeder wants to breed horses of a specific coat color, what must they do?

My recommendation would be that, to optimize resources, in addition to doing everything that he/she have been doing up to now, use the new tools that scientific progress and techniques have made available. Differing from other characteristics, the coat color is determined by a relatively small group of genes, whose nature and interaction is known. It

is currently possible, by means of a single analysis, to know, within certain margins, what type of coat color a horse will have, including before it is obvious and what coat colors their descendants will have.

This permits a range of services including the genetic certification of the coat color from birth, and the selection of breeding stock. To help breeders make the most of this tool, a Web application has been developed in which a breeder, starting with the genetic coat color study of their horse, can resolve all these questions and even identify the optimum breeding stock to produce the desired coat color. The address of the Web-site is: http:// w w w. l g a n cce.co m/ we b ca p a s and you can find a great deal of complementary information there.

Within the diagnosis of hereditary diseases, which do you believe are

of most interest to analyze in the PRE? Currently, we are aware of a high number of hereditary diseases in horses, and this will continue to increase with the analysis of the horse genome, which is already available. Of all these, there is one group in which the causal genes are known and many others that are known to have a hereditary basis, but the responsible genes are still unknown. It is, in fact, in this last group that the diseases of most major incidence in the PRE are to be found, such as a fallen crest and certain neurological problems. Therefore, although they are of high incidence (although it is not known with certainty what the exact hereditary component is), there is still no molecular test available to detect these problems.

One of the specific objectives of the laboratory is to deepen into

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the study of these diseases so that in the future, we are able to offer this type of analysis.

Currently, how are the genetic samples stored?

What is their durability? How many analyses could be carried out on a single sample?

From each sample, a fraction of blood is stored, along with the DNA corresponding to the extraction from this sample. The DNA is stored in freezers of -80º C and the blood is stored at room temperature and in -80º C freezers. In both cases, following the appropriate procedures, the durability of the samples would be unlimited, although due to storage costs and technical requirements, the samples at room temperature are usually more effective. With regards to the number of analyses, the quantity of DNA necessary to carry out the tests is minimum; therefore all the necessary tests can be carried out on the blood from one extraction (if it is in good conditions).

What other services does the NBT laboratory offer PRE breeders?

Directly related to the horse, in addition to what has already been indicated, NBT offers the molecular detection of reportable diseases (metritis, arthritis, etc.) whose analysis must currently only performed in the cases of exports, but which, in the future, will probably be extended to all breeding stock.

What advances has NBT brought the PRE from the genetic point of view?

I would highlight that what NBT has sought at all times, is to try to bring the enormous possibilities that this technology can offer to the PRE closer to breeders, as is already being done in other productive activities and, if I may be permitted the expression, to popularize

the common use of these methodologies within the industry. Up to now, this relationship has been seen in the development of new processes: for the resolution of parentage studies, in the implementation of a system for the genetic selection of coat color and in a consulting service breeders can use to resolve questions related to genetics and its application.

Taking into account parentage studies, NBT together with the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book, have developed a series of computer tools that allow the identification of sampling errors and that look for horses from those available that fulfill certain requirements. For example, in the case of a negative contrast analysis, the genetic formula of this analysis is compared with the genetic formula of all the other horses, in search of coincidences. This tool has enabled us to resolve 66% of the contrasts favorably, which initially had a negative response, by identifying the horse sample sent really belonged. A similar tool facilitates the resolution of cases of incompatible parentage, by searching for compatible parents within the stud farm where the young horse is located.

With regards to the analysis for coat color, the aforementioned Web tool is a true pioneer in some respects; in the barely four months that it has been in operation, it has received more than three thousand visits from 24 countries and will probably, in the short term, become a reference for the whole sector. In the longer term, the possibilities for its development are enormous, since we have everything necessary to take advantage of the competitive advantages that these tools can contribute to the selection and breeding of horses, such as other breeds have already been doing for some time.

Fourth phase of the parentage confirmation process: manual verification by specialized staff

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MIGUEL ANGEL DE CÁRDENAS OSUNA EARNS THE GOLDEN HORSE AWARD

Miguel Ángel de Cárdenas Osuna, from Ecija, owner of Yeguada Cárdenas, PRE breeder and member of ANCCE, saw how his dream came true as he received the Golden Horse Award. He has earned the award in 2008 in recognition of his enormous number of successes and his total dedication to horses.

During the presentation of the prestigious statuette—held on the 14th of June at the Sire Stallion Station in Jerez de la Frontera, where Cárdenas made his entrance in a Landau owned

by Yeguada de la Cartuja, drawn by five horses carrying his brand, driven as a five-in-hand and in calesera (Andalusian style) harness—Cardenas graciously accepted the reward for his dedication.

The Goleen Horse commission was presided by the Mayor of Jerez, the Honorable Ms. Pilar Sanchez, representative from the city Cultural and Festivities Commission, representatives from the Spanish National Equestrian Federation, ANCCE, Yeguada de la Cartuja Hierro del Bocado, Provincial Tourism Board, Ministry of Agriculture, the Royal Andalusian School for Equestrian Art, the Armed Forces Cria Caballar center, the Economic and Social Council, and two representatives appointed by the Mayor.

The exhibition performed by the award-winner included a ten-mare cobra, four PRE Horses and Olympic rider, Juan Manuel Muñoz, riding a horse from Yeguada Cárdenas.

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THE GERMAN FEDERATION SACKS THE ENTIRE DRESSAGE, SHOW-JUMPING AND EVENTING TEAMS DUE TO DOPING The FEI has requested the suspension of Hanfried Haring, the previous General Secretary of the German Equestrian Federation, as member of the FEI Board. On the 28th of May, the German Federation announced that all the teams had been disbanded.

Any rider wishing to compete for Germany has to accept that their horse be examined by an independent veterinary panel, to be set up by the German Olympic Committee. The council will meet next month to look into all the allegations.

On the 4th of May, rider, Marco Kutscher, admitted to a German magazine that he had used arnica and lactanese on his horse, Cornet Oblensky. Following this news, the FEI announced the creation of an ethics committee

to study the actions of the German show-jumping riders at the 2008 Olympics.

Kutscher’s team mate, Christian Ahlmann, was one of the five riders whose horses tested positive for illicit substances in Hong Kong last August. Now, Beerbaum has also disclosed to a German newspaper that he has also used illegal practices with his horses.

Breido Graff Zu Rantzau, President of the German Federation, confirmed that “We want to take an important step towards credibility with the disbanding of the squads”.

The FEI has requested the suspension of rider, Marco Kutscher, and the former team veterinarian, Bjorn Nolting, from all FEI activities, until the ethics committee makes a decision.

AIROSO ENLISTED BY THE PALMA MOUNTED POLICE Antonio Ferriol has donated a PRE Horse with the best lineages to the local Mounted Police Force The new recruit at the Palma de Mallorca Mounted Police Department can boast about his family tree with bloodlines from the very best stud farms and a three-century tradition in breeding PRE Horses.

Parque de Bellver, where of the section have been located for the past 30 years, was chosen as the site where breeder Antonio Ferriol was to officially present the Mayoress, Aina Calvo, with the colt he wanted to donate to the

OBITUARY

police force, a bay stallion born in June of 2007.

The sire of this colt, Entendido XX, has already has five Spanish National Champions among his descendants. "This breed is one of the best for dressage; they are very intelligent,” Ferriol stated.

This comment was ratified by the Mounted Police trainer. After 27 years training more than 30 equines for the department, Ángel Ferrán’s eyes lit up when faced with this horse. Now will

now begin a year of training, to accustom him to the saddle, the rider, etc. “We will have to teach him to move around the city, within a noisy urban setting. The time it takes will depend on the character of the n any case, his genetics foretells a predisposition for Dressage, and even a destiny.

He is "very elegant, very noble.

He moves very well; he will almost certainly be used for exhibitions", Ferrán confirmed.

With the death of Jose Cotan Dias, father of our co-worker and friend, Rocío Cotán, all the ANCCE staff would like to send our most sincere support, sympathy and condolences to her and her siblings and the rest of her family.

The olive world has lost a master with a spotless professional career. José Cotán dedicated his final years to bequeathing his knowledge so that this traditional profession was not lost with his passing away.

Rest in peace.

A great enthusiast of the PRE, Juan Antonio de Lemus del Rey, owner of the stud farm with his name, located in Barcelona has recently passed away. Our sympathy and support go to his family, along with our most sincere condolences.

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MANUEL CARVAJAL CLINICS IN ROME AND BARCELONA From the 22nd to 24th of May, rider and Judge Manuel Carvajal, traveled to Rome to hold a Dressage, Alta Escuela and Doma Vaquera clinic. The location selected was the Club Hípico Trekking, managed by Gianluca Coppeta and Andrea Toti, well known in Italy for performing in equestrian Shows, and who participated in the Show, “Caballos Egregios”, at SICAB last year.

Manuel Carvajal worked with eight riders, in individual, onehour sessions to define the working system that would allow them to take advantage and to maximize the performance of their horses in the competition arenas and to resolve doubts and small problems that riders encounter during their daily training sessions.

All the par ticipating horses were PRE

Horses, several of them with Paco Lazo, Gregorio Aranda and Benito Sierra brands.

One month later, Manuel Carvajal taught another clinic, this time Dressage, at the Hípica Mas Cavalls facilities in Vilafranca del Penedés, in the province of Barcelona, where there was also a good representation of PRE Horses.

LISA LAZARUS JOINS THE FEI AS GENERAL COUNSEL She will manage and supervise the legal activities

Lisa Lazarus has become the General Counsel of the International Equestrian Federation (FEI) to manage and supervise legal activities. Lisa has arrived at the FEI after almost ten years in the National Football League, where she was an in-house lawyer. She also worked in London where she was the Senior Director for Business Affairs for NFL International.

Between 1999 and 2005, Lisa was the Labor Relations Counsel for the NFL Management Council. During

that time, she was the representative of the NFL teams in hundreds of arbitration cases. Lisa spent most of her time as a young lawyer researching problems related to the application of arbitration within the NFL, especially with regards to the Substance Abuse Program. On the other hand, Alex McLin, General Secretary of the FEI, expressed his joy upon welcoming Lisa, since she has a world of experience and knowledge, which will be fundamental for the fight for Olympic sport.

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MERCEDES GONZÁLEZ PRESENTS HIS BOOK "SPANISH-STYLE RIDING, REGULATIONS AND HANDLING" The Real Gran Peña on the Gran Via of Madrid and Equisur, the Jerez Horse Fair, were chosen to present the book, Monta Española, normas y manejos (Spanish-style riding, regulations and handling) written by Mercedes González Cort and published by Grupo Lettera from Sevilla.

Monta Española, normas y manejos, is a book for those who are enthusiasts of traditional Spanish equitation and the world of horses. The author has invested several years in collecting information about the how to ride, the attire used and competition in 18th century Spain. Written using didactic language with drawings and explanatory graphics, this book is useful to learn about and recuperate riding traditions in Spain.

Monta Española, normas y manejos, has become the work of reference for anyone who wants to learn more about the world of horses, and Spanish customs, precursors of modern equitation, which has expanded throughout the world. Spanish Riding originates from a style of riding that has been carried out for centuries in Spain and that is historically linked to Spain’s customs and way of understanding horses and equitation for use in war, in handling livestock and in horseback equestrian games and celebrations. This extensive timeline is the origin of a usage that is currently growing, which has popular roots and is part of the current equestrian identity.

At both ceremonies, Mercedes González Cort counted on an audience of personalities from the equine world, enthusiasts and PRE breeders.

FERNANDO NOAILLES PRESENTS HIS BOOK ''SENTIR, CLAVES PARA VIVIR EL PRESENTE" Fernando Noailles, Argentinean trainer now living in Spain, presented his book,''Sentir, claves para vivir el presente” (Feel, keys to living the present), published by Editorial Aguilar at a press conference. The event was held at the Circulo de Bellas Artes in Madrid, on the 22nd of May. Pablo Motos, a well-known television host and who accompanied the author, briefly referred to the work and the author on the inside leaf of the book.

Fernando Noailles is known in Spain as "the whisperer." He is considered to be one of people who knows most about horses and who gifted to understand them and know how to communicate with them.

This man is one of the few privileged people, who have crossed the Andes Mountains on horseback, experiencing extreme and emotional situations, contemplating the immensity and miracles of Nature and who also, has ample life experiences.

Fernando Noailles has spent several years teaching courses throughout Europe. These courses work on a type of Rational Training learned from the natives in the Pampas and from whom he also learned his philosophy for life.

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OPEN HOUSE AT THE ROYAL ANDALUSIAN SCHOOL OF EQUESTRIAN ART People could visit the Equestrian Art and Carriage Driving Museums to celebrate the International Museum Day The Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art (REAAE) hosted open house at the Equestrian Art and Carriage Driving Museums, on Monday, the 18th of May, to celebrate the International Museum Day. The Royal School exhibition halls, listed with the Andalusian Museum Register, joined in to propose a journey through the world of equitation, from its origins up to the present time. For this, they had a wide range of resources, such as an interactive hall equipped with multimedia technologies,

high definition digital images and holograms, in addition to scale models and reproductions of works of art that testify to the importance of the horse in Andalusian history and culture.

Also, the Palacio del Recreo de las Cadenas (Palace) played host to the exhibition of “Traje Corto Andaluz” (Andalusian attire), by Master Tailor Antolín Díaz Salazar, who presented approximately 70 suits as the means to take a journey through the various traditional clothing. The exhibit was remained open until the 30th of May.

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MUSIC SPANS ART AND EQUESTRIAN PROWESS The new Show by Cordoba Ecuestre premièred at Cabalcor, with astounding success thanks to the spectacular backdrop and the elegance of its choreography.

The first chords of the guitars sounded under the watchful eye of director José Manuel Hierro to announce that something unique was about to be seen. Many enthusiasts were unable to get in to see the premiere of the latest Cordoba Ecuestre Show: Art and Equestrian Prowess.

This Show was the fulfillment of months of work

by Cordovan riders. The first PRE Horses bred in Cordoba—elegant, precise and majestic— danced to the sound of the chords.

With the impressive music and a combination of elements from classical and Andalusian equitation, work in-hand, doma vaquera and Alta Escuela, the audience was able to enjoy living representation of Cordoban history and equestrian tradition.

It is a lifestyle and a passion for the horse that became art on the golden albero sand of the Diputación grounds, the latest backdrop for Cabalcor.

All eyes were on the 90-minute Show, which included ten different acts that boasted the Cordovan equestrian tradition turned into music and movement.

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The forum

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Dolores Puerta Veterinarian, Chiropractor and acupuncturist

CHIROPRACTICS FOR HORSES

Chiropractics is based on the mobilization or adjustment of the joints, mainly of the spine, and limbs. This relatively new science started in the United States at the onset of the 20th century

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t is important to bear three factors in mind: In daily life and in our relationship with the horse, we subject it to a series of tasks for which horses are not designed; for example, when we ride them.

Their spinal column is not designed to support the weight of a person; their mouth is not designed to hold a bit nor for us to then ask them, using our legs, to go forwards while at the same time, restraining them with the reins. Without thinking, we create two opposed forces and we cause the vertebrae of the column to suffer muscular tension.

Another of the important factors to bear in mind is the importance of the musculature as it supports the skeleton. Thus, the more muscledup the back of a horse is, the easier it is for the horse to support the extra weight; a group of opposing forces and tensions.

Lastly, and the most important aspect is that each and every one

of the nerves that sends information to the various organs and body structures come out of the spinal column. Daily, I find myself treating cases of mares with pain in their ovaries due to lumbar rigidity, or stallions with a decrease in their libido due to a pain in the sciatic nerve, which comes out of the lumbarsacral area.

Knowing these three premises, we already have a general idea of why a horse does not push, or it does not engage one or both hind legs, or why a horse does not bend easily to the right or the left, why the strides in extended trot are not as long as before and it has a short choppy trot, why in recent times its neck is muscling up below, and why a horse has double muscling or why, when a horse is trotting, the rider gets the feeling that he is riding two horses or the horse has a two-time movement, one in front and the other behind.

Most of the time, not always (because things are neither black

nor white, and even less so in equine medicine), the answer to these situations is due to inadequate tension, motivated by incorrect work or inadequate feeding. For example, a deficiency of vitamin E and selenium, which are two basic elements for keeping the muscles healthy; mouth problems, since the mouth and its temporomandibular joint is the helm of the spine when the horse obeys its riders orders; incorrect shoeing, since if the horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s limb alignment is not correct, the body will try to compensate and will make one limb or another work more, loading more weight on one side than on the other; due to some incorrect tack, with saddles being as much of a problem and bits, these are two very important elements in the biomechanics of the horse while at work and I there are possibly more reasons why our dear patient could suffer an imbalance at the joint level.

Bearing in mind these possible causes, the spine and limbs of the

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Examination of the second and third cervical vertebrae

horse could suffer a mere millimeter movement or displacement from the normal and natural position. This could very well lead to a situation of acute pain around the displaced area. That pain will appear for several reasons: The main one is because it is affecting the nerve that leaves the spinal column at that point.

The adjacent structures, such as the other vertebrae, the one in front and the one behind, the ligaments and muscles that support those joints, all suffer tension, and this is what will create the manifestation of the pain.

Thanks to chiropractics, we can reposition those vertebrae and free the pinching, the tension of the ligaments and the contractions of the muscles that sustain them. This techniqueâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;performed with the handsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;is usually quite precise, since the adjustments must be made at an appropriate angle, a precise pressure and speed, directly on

Examination of the mandible and the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae

the affected joint. It is a completely mechanical technique and it does not only act on the joint, but rather, it also acts simultaneously on the nervous system.

Usually, one chiropractic session is not enough, a minimum of two or three sessions are needed so as to be able to reposition everything in its place. However, this does depend on the age of the horse, the time the horse has suffered the problem, and the work carried out; although the most important aspect is to eliminate the cause of the displacement, if this is the mouth, the saddle, if it is the type of work, the feed, etc.

With chiropractic techniques, we seek several objectives. One is that the horse has a competitive life without pain and, another, very important, that it is not uncomfortable again or that this should happen as little as possible. I have a group of clients with competition horses, in several

disciplines, who have a preventive treatment every month, or every two or three months, depending on the horse, the rider and the competition calendar. For these, problems of all types are prevented every session, because, as commented before, if the nervous system works well, injuries will be less likely to appear. It is interesting to note that this group of clients has commented that after their horses have had a more or less regular treatment, they have noticed that hey have far fewer problems.

Lastly, some advice for horse owners: if some day you should decide to use the services of a chiropractor or osteopath, another technique that is very similar to chiropractics, please ensure that this person is a veterinarian and specialized in chiropractics, as they will be treating the spine of your horse, an area that is very important when it comes to manipulation. www.acupunturaveterinaria.com

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The Forum

Emilio Caro Expert in Equine Husbandry

BRINGING-UP FOALS II. Weaning

Without any doubt, weaning denotes a before and an after in the life of young horses. Until that moment the youngster develops and makes contact with what its surrounds supported by the safety and security provided by its mother, but upon being weaned, it will have to face new habits and experiences on its own. In this article, I will try to offer some advice about the conditions, the means and the ideal actions to carry out weaning effectively, looking for a quick adaptation of the youngsters to the new situation and minimizing their suffering, as much as possible.

Colt owned by Pedro Maza Íñiguez

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Foals owned by Yeguada Valdeolivas

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here are no exact figures when it comes the age when young horses should be weaned.

This will largely depend on their development, and the resources, personnel and time available to the breeder, although, under normal conditions, it is advisable to wean between the ages of five and seven months.

Before weaning, it is fundamental to ensure that the animals are healthy, and that they have accepted hard feed specially designed for youngsters as a part of their feeding, which should have been introduced progressively into their diet over the preceding months. Should the youngsters of weaning age be sick, weak, or still not have accepted hard feed and they are still dependent on the milk of their dams, it is preferable to wait until they are well and until they have become used to the new feeding habits before weaning them, and always trying to resolve these problems as soon as possible.

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On the other hand, it is ideal to prepare groups of two or more youngsters of similar ages for their weaning, neither their breed nor their sex being important at this stage. This way, the animals are accompanied at all times after having separated them from their mothers, thus avoiding solitude during the most critical days following their weaning. Weaning a very important moment in the life of young horses; for this reason, it is also important for the breeder. It is therefore important to prepare for it conscientiously, ensuring, prior to the actual weaning that the facilities and equipment to be used are in perfect condition, and that the personnel who intervene know how to act at all times.

An effective protocol for weaning in groups would be to put all the mares whose foals are ready for weaning together, and to put them, one by one, into the stable or area designed to stable the youngsters during the days following their weaning.

Then

remove the mares, taking them away as quickly as possible once they have been separated. It is a time of great nervousness and confusion for the horses; therefore the personnel who are separating them must act with decision and diligence, always being very attentive to their reaction and trying to reassure—to the extent that this is possible—both the foals and their mothers.

The foals must remain in the chosen place for several days, until little by little they show less interest in looking for their mothers.

Introducing an old mare or a gelding into the group is often very helpful in calming the foals and making them feel more secure; this horse is colloquially known as “nanny” and it is also very useful to guide the group of weaned foals once they have formed a herd later on.

In the case of having to wean a foal individually, in a similar manner, it should be kept isolated in a box for the first few days, and later be

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introduced into the corresponding herd. The surveillance of, and dedication to the foals are of vital importance during the first days following weaning; their health and feeding are particularly important. The direct handling the weaned foals by their caretakers and the characteristic activities to be carried out with the foals during this phase of their up-bringing should be programmed so that these are carried out progressively.

Special attention must be paid to each horse, depending on its personality and submissiveness.

A few weeks after weaning, foals usually lose the urge to look for their mothers, which means that they are easier to manage and to locate within the farm, always

avoiding direct contact between them and their mothers.

Caring for the mares following weaning must not be overlooked.

As a general rule, they become used to this new situation much faster than their foals; although in some cases they are somewhat unsettled for several days.

Their udders require particular attention, as these should progressively reduce in size and hardness, as the production of milk ceases. In many cases, the application of special ointments and showering their udders with cold water several times a day can avoid health problems that might arise due to weaning. If there is any doubt, it is a good idea to take the temperature of

the mares regularly over the first days, consulting the veterinarian should there be cause for alarm.

It is normal for weaned foals of the same age to remain together for several months, all in the same herd, with no separation of sex or breed until they are a year old.

Up to that time, they will become used to life in a group and basic handling by their caretakers, who will accustom them to remain tied up, will teach them to allow themselves to have the various parts of their body examined and cleaned and to be led in hand.

From this point onwards, another stage begins in the life of the foal; â&#x20AC;&#x153;nurturingâ&#x20AC;?, which will be covered in depth in the next article.

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Nelson Pinto Specialist in hoof care

BREEDING, TRADITION AND SCIENCE NEED NOT BE ANTAGONISTS Tradition should not be an obstacle for the evolution and application of new technologies. However it is no less certain that in many situations, tradition has been the fundamental pillar by which results have been achieved. A classic example of this is the evolution of equine breeds, which, without a great deal of effort invested in the preservation of the traditions ingrained for centuries, we would perhaps not enjoy the many different breeds of horses and their unique qualities.

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ll the above is fine and well when talking about the development and equine breeding, both in Chile and Spain, the tradition of breeding horses with good conformation and that are functional, has more than 500 years of history. However, if we only concentrate on tradition and customs, we could miss the possible benefits that knowledge taken beyond tradition could offer us.

Traditional farriery is an area where there is a lot of discussion these days. Shoeing horses is an Before: Horse recently unshod

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art that has developed over the centuries together with horses; however, more than a science, it has always developed as an art, where science has made its contributions very late-on: Nevertheless these contributions have been very significant.

On the other hand, there is also a growing tendency today to opt for a different handling of the horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hoof, an organ that is fundamental in all their activities and throughout their life. This tendency is to not use horseshoes of any type, but

to trim the hooves in a different way, which, the same as shoeing must be carried out by a qualified person. This would allow the horse to carry out 100% of its activities, be they competitive, recreational or work, without depending on use of horseshoes, and it also offers the possibility of carrying out a variety of treatments for hoof problems, without the need to be shod.

How can this be possible? Yes, we have seen for centuries that shoeing is fundamental, inherent,

After: Horse competing with naturally trimmed hooves

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necessary, and an almost essential part of caring for the horse.

In the light of current knowledge, we understand and know, with enough certainty and scientific foundation that the horse can, in fact, carry out all its activities without horseshoes, and without suffering damage. It is not strange that in all the specialties related to the care of the horse, this single assertion generates skepticism, a great number of queries, many doubts and even absolute rejection.

Moreover, these differences are accentuated when we face the need to treat certain hoof problems that frequently arise these days, so much so that these have ended up being the second highest cause of death or disability in horses.

All the current texts and teaching methodologies for veterinarians and professional farriers do not contemplate the possibility of an un-shod horse as a real alternative on a day-to-day basis or for therapeutic reasons.

Before: right forefoot of a show-jumping mare, soon after removing the shoes

On the contrary all the therapeutic methods (except for very few exceptions) are based on various techniques of corrective farriery.

It is difficult to question more than 1500 years of history of traditional farriery; however, we are at the doors of a knowledge that perhaps could change the course of the equestrian activities and procedures. This, by no menas, would eradicate or condemn what has already taken place; that would be neither correct nor respectable for all those who have contributed to the development or are practitioners of this art.

On the contrary, we must take advantage of all this huge amount of knowledge to find new routes for development and consensus, or perhaps, only to be able to add yet one more tool with which to treat hoof problems, since no-one can possibly have all the answers.

We could say then that perhaps the time has come when we must ask ourselves, in all conscience:

And what if it is true that horses can gain big benefits by being un-shod?

It would not be worthwhile to try to understand this new philosophy, which embraces beyond whether to use or not to use horseshoes, if we do not look at the horse, as well as its entire management, in a more natural manner.

The clinical and scientific evidence justifies it even further if we remind ourselves of the proverb that goes, â&#x20AC;&#x153;no foot, no horseâ&#x20AC;?.

From this, therefore, comes the outstanding importance that this has for the breeder, as it is during the first weeks and months of life that the bases are laid for what will be, in the future, a good or bad hoof. Understanding this detail in full could mean the difference between an average horse and a winner.

To shoe or not to shoe, this will continue to be a dilemma for a long time, but what is not in doubt is the benefit that the horse will gain

5 months later: right forefoot of a show-jumping mare who competes unshod

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from being left unshod. Deciding on one or other alternative will depend on how interested the breeders are in being informed by people qualified on the subject.

The following are only a few of the benefits that we could mention: - A better quality of movement, since a light and naturally shaped hoof allows the horse to move with greater freedom, speed and grace on any surface, be this soft or hard.

- A greater security in walking, since hooves without shoes recover their sensitivity, therefore they can better feel the ground over which they move - Greater resistance, since the new hooves formed without horseshoes are more resistant, of better quality, and better aligned, which has a direct influence on reducing the injuries that are so common in highlvel competition horses.

- A greater resistance and physical recovery, since unshod hooves can truly fulfill their function as auxiliary pumps, reducing pressure placed on the heart as it pumps the blood throughout the whole body.

Not all horses can have their shoes removed, and continue with their

Hoof of a six-month old foal

normal activities; however, if they are allowed to spend a period of transition, which must be determined by the person treating them and which will be variable for each horse, most can end up enjoying the benefits of going unshod.

In the case of foals, if they are managed appropriately from their birth, such a period should not exist, and when they reach the age for work, it should not be necessary to shoe them. I know that these are fairly unbelievable observations at first glance, but if you take the time to inform yourself appropriately, you will see that the current reality is that the number of horses treated appropriately, which enjoy the benefits of going unshod is increasing in many countries of the world and also, increasingly, in Spain.

Deciding whether to shoe or not to shoe is a decision that must be taken by common agreement between the breeder, farrier and veterinarian.

They must all be suitably informed and trained to understand this new way of managing the horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hooves. If this is so, success will crown the effort taken, but tradition will, once again, have overcome science and the horseshoe will continue to be, for good or bad, the eternal partner of our horses.

One month later: Hoof with naturally trimmed sole

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Outstanding Horses

GAUCHO III, owned by JANNE RUMBOUGH

By Inmaculada Rodríguez

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Gaucho III, owned by Janne Rumbough and bred by Señorío de Bariáin can be considered an important ambassador for the PRE in the US. Currently, this horse holds first place on the US list of Dressage sire stallions from among 300 breeds that compete in this discipline. He won several gold medals at Grand Prix level and has his own fan club. Likewise, some of his youngsters have begun to show their worth in the world of Dressage, which has placed his owner at the top of the listings

When you bought Gaucho III were you looking for a competition horse or did that arise later?

When I originally saw Gaucho III I was looking for an international dressage horse. I bought Gaucho III from Juan Matute who had trained him so beautifully, and only much later came to meet and know Alvaro Muguruza, who was the breeder of the horse. I did not buy Gaucho III because he was a Spanish Horse; he more than fulfilled my desire for a competitive sport horse. The horse was born in 1990, and I purchased him in November 1996 when he was 6 years old. From February 1997 through March 2000, Gaucho III competed in the USA and at his second Grand Prix won the gold medal for me!

What was it about Gaucho III that captivated you? { Q| }}} | ~ = '

Q / = ' / | | Q ability was very apparent as well as the fact that he was physically

' | > / > as irresistible then as it is now. He is a horse with great confidence, enormous ambition, a great heart and super work ethic. As a competitor he had such an impact that many people traveled many hours to see him perform every time |

/ Q >

' | |

a real “fan club”! He has been an incredible ambassador for the PRE breed because he was taken very seriously as a dressage competitor.

You have achieved major successes with many of your horses

and this has let you to top-level completion. Please tell us the methodology you use with your horses?

In training all my horses, I use the German Training Scale. I have always felt that sometimes the fastest way to get there is actually the slowest! I take all my horses on trails to relax their minds and keep them interested and happy. We do not drill dressage movements every day. I want a happy healthy horse that is still ‘bucking’ with enthusiasm! I am very much a stickler for training my horses to accept a good and steady contact, and make sure they have the “go’ and “stop” button all the time, so that they are never behind my leg.

Janne Rumbough with Gaucho III

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Winnie Too, daughter of Gaucho III

In short, what has been the key to the success of Gaucho III in dressage?

Amongst other things, Gaucho III has amazing gaits, and he learned all the movements for the Grand Prix with great ease and flair before he was truly 7 years old.

He had no problem with piaffe and passage and I must say that his tempi changes were, and are still, spectacular! His one tempi changes were enormously expressive and very easy for him.

He understood these upper level movements, and was always proud and pleased to offer them to the greatest extent of his abilities.

In the year 2000 at the Selection Trials at the CDI*** vet check, Gaucho III, being full of energy, expressed himself with an exuberant “capriole” on the stony road and tragically broke his canon bone. Subsequently the cartilage in his fetlock was damaged and in spite of heroic measures of the best veterinarians in the country, the quality of his gaits were affected by this accident and even though his great heart made him still anxious

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to perform, and I decided not to show him any more competitively.

The USA judges are probably not accustomed to judging pre horses.

Do you believe this is an advantage or a disadvantage for the breed?

I have always had confidence the judges and feel that they have treated us fairly. If you ride a good test, and your training is correct, more often than not, you will be rewarded for it. For me, the breed / |

' |

good horse. However many PRE horses have a special talent for Q Q / ' } / | / advantage with this breed. Most of them also are very trainable in temperament, which always helps when the horse is working with you.

These horses are intelligent and creative, and they need sensitive handling to bring the best out of them.

Gaucho III was approved as a “qualified” breeding stallion in 2007, and he has been breeding for quite a long time. What proportion of his descendants has followed

their sire’s competitive career and which of his offspring stand out?

With the end of his competitive career, came his very successful breeding career. In 1997 when Gaucho III first arrived, I was approached by a well known PRE breeder in California, who had heard that he had been imported, and who was excited at the prospect of such a horse energizing the competitive breeding possibilities for PRE horses in this country. When the decision was made in 2000 to stand him as a stallion, this breeder helped me to select some of the best mares, who would be the most appropriate candidates to produce dressage horses expressing his quality. In Spain, where his name is still a household word, he has produced approximately 20 offspring, and in the United States more like 80 purebred PRE horses. Some of his youngsters are just coming into competition, and are beginning their journey towards fame and fortune. A wonderful bay son called BIONICO will be in the FEI 4 year old circuit this year. I own 3

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Janne Rumbough competing with JR, Son of Gaucho III

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of Gaucho III’s children, and JR and WINNIE TOO have, this season at the big Wellington Show Circuit, won more than 40 (1st place) blue ribbons, and 13 2nd places. They have also excelled with a number of championships.

Has he covered many central european competition mares?

I have not used him to cover mares outside his breed particularly because he was only “qualified” in 2007 for international breeding. I have a wonderful competitive mare that is out of an exceptional main stud book Oldenburg mare, which is showing with great success.

There are a number of others, just beginning to excel in dressage which, as you know, is a long term commitment.

Janne, are you aware that you have become an unquestionable part of the success of american dressage with Gaucho III, as the top place in the ranking of dressage stallions in the united states, from the more than 300 breeds participating in this discipline?

I am very proud indeed that Gaucho III is currently Number 1 in the USEF rankings for Dressage sires in the USA. It is my hope that young sons and daughters will be competing throughout the country and

| > |

' |

are some awfully good ones coming up. I truly believe that the influence of Gaucho III will be felt for generations to come in the PRE breed, particularly in the USA. Gaucho III’s son JR has also put me very high on the list of Owners and his breeder from California, very high on the list of breeders of dressage horses.

Thanks and congratulations for the success

JR, son of Gaucho III

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ANCCE Team THE ANCCE TEAM IS HARVESTING EXCELLENT RESULTS

By Inmaculada Rodríguez

The first results from ANCCE team in Dressage have brought the Association major satisfaction.

ANCCE Jeque XXVII, ridden by Verónica, owned by Tommy Gert

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here have been four ANCCE Cup Competitions (Cuenca CDN ***, Albacete CDN ***, Alicante CDN ** and Toledo CDN ***) with important representation by the ANCCE team in the top positions.

“ANCCE Pilatos”, a 5 year-old, ridden by Cándido Tardío, and owned by Yeguada El Moralejo, took first place in the five yearold test in all the ANCCE Cup CDN *** competitions in which he participated.

He achieved the highest possible score—75.000%—

in Cuenca on the 15th, 16th and 17th of May. He took first place in the ANCCE Cup for five year-olds from among another 12 participating PRE Horses. This first competition presages a good future for the ANCCE team, and specifically for “ANCCE Pilatos”, who, competition after competition, has been confirming these good results by remaining in first place. He also demonstrated this at the next Dressage competition—the ANCCE Cup CDN ***—held in Albacete the weekend of the

22nd and 23rd of May, in which another horse and rider from the ANCCE team, “ANCCE Latigo IV”, ridden by his owner, Magin Mateu, also triumphed to place first in the category for six year-olds.

Both, achieved the highest score, both in the preliminary and the final tests, also coinciding, in the score that they were each awarded. “ANCCE Pilatos” and “ANCCE Latigo VI” both finished on an average score of 70.800% in the preliminary and 71.400% in the final.

ANCCE Enorme, owned by Yeguada Susaeta

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Jorge Conde, President of the Judges, confirmed the good track record of these two horses.

“The progress of the horses from one year to the next has been very noticeable; they have shown this in their good attitude to work, in maintaining the tendencies of last year and in confirming the exercises at their respective levels. It must be highlighted, that among the judges, we have agreed in our opinions of the good presentations that these horses and riders, like the others, have carried out, both the five-year-olds, and the six-year-olds.”

A week later—the weekend of the 30th and 31st of May—the seventh ANCCE Cup competition, a CDN **, was held in IFA, the Albacete fair grounds.

Here, “ANCCE Armas Zarzeño”, ridden by Sergio Martí and owned

by Orientalia Hispania, achieved the highest score in the test for 6 year-olds, and was proclaimed champion, with a final score of 74.100%.

Again, the entire ANCCE Team continued to stand out over the other horses.

On this occasion “ANCCE Armas Zarzeño” came top of the final placings, the same as “ANCCE Pilatos” and “ANCCE Latigo VI” have done on previous occasions.

However, it was to be in Nambroca, at the Yeguada San José facilities in Toledo where these three members of ANCCE team would have to return to the arenas to try and retain their first places, as achieved at previous competitions.

There were eighty eight participants at the Toledo event, which took place on the 12th, 13th and 14th of June. Once again “ANCCE Pilatos” triumphed to be proclaimed champion. He obtained the best average score in the tests for five year-olds (73.300%), while “ANCCE Armas Zarzeño” and “Ancce Latigo IV”, respectively came second and third in the tests for six year-olds.

José Ignacio, owner of “ANCCE Pilatos”, was once again very satisfied with the results. He confirmed that the success of these results comes from the horse/rider partnership; in their complicity, “they work very well together”.

In the preliminary, “ANCCE Armas Zarzeño” was in first place with a higher score than the PRE “Cazurro II”, ridden

by Agustí Elías, who, on the following day during the final, finished above Sergio Martí in terms of points, pushing him down to second place and

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ANCCE Pilatos, Placed 1st in the test for 5-year-olds in Toledo

ANCCE Armas Zarzeño, taking part in the CDN*** ANCCE Cup in Toledo

ANCCE Team www.ancce.com

Becas ANCCE confirming that: “the contact was, perhaps, not as good as on other occasions, but the horse had been perfect in the walk and extended trots. Although we came second, I am very happy because the horse has improved very quickly since April, above all, it delights me that there is still more room for improvement.” On both days, Magin Mateu took third place, “due to the heat and perhaps to slight excesses during the warm up, that’s the only reason why the horse, while competing, lost some resistance and the scores for submission were lower. But we will continue in the top places, both my son and I are very happy with this season so far”, concluded Magin Mateu, senior.

Our congratulations go to Cándido, Magín and Sergio for the work carried out with “ANCCE Pilatos”, “ANCCE Latigo IV” and “ANCCE Armas Zarzeño” The rest of the members of the Team, “ANCCE Enorme”, owned

by Yeguada Susaeta and “ANCCE Jeque XXVII”, owned by Cortijo El Robledal, will start at a new level this summer. Estepona and Montenmedio will be their key competitions.

Their owners confirm that the horses are in very good condition and that they are working hard. This year, there is a major leap in terms of demand, especially for “ANCCE Enorme”, who will be competing in Prix St Georges. However “ANCCE Jeque XXVII”, who matured a lot last

year, is ready to confront some wellcontested competitions this season.

Both María José Ruiz, owner of “ANCCE Enorme”, and Tomy Gertz, owner of “ANCCE Jeque XXVII”, announced those exercises in which their horses will be most outstanding. “ANCCE Enorme” will probably stand out in the halfpasses at trot and canter and in the extended walk; and “ANCCE Jeque XXVII” in the changes. “I would dare to say that these are his strong points. They are straight, powerful, up-hill and balanced.

I would also say the pirouette” he concluded.

Everyone is keen on seeing the rest of ANCCE team in the arena.

We wish them the very best of luck, and hope they offer us as good results as those achieved up to now.

ANCCE Látigo IV taking part in the CDN*** ANCCE Cup at the Yeguada San José facilities in Toledo

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Equestrian Trades

Antonio Cabeza García, Horse Tamer Without horses, there is no life

By María Sáez de Propios

“It is dangerous breaking horses, but it is a lovely profession because I love to domesticate, not only ride, but teach them. It is such a wonderful feeling when the horse understands what you want”

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As soon as a human makes contact with a horse, a relationship is established. This is a bond that is almost as old as humanity, and, horses could even be considered the main drive behind humans once they were domesticated. Horses provided and offered humanity a variety of advantages. Understanding horses is the key to establish this afďŹ nity and this is established by communication. It is a language with which there is an exchange of information, a channel that produces a clear relationship, where the bond and communication are based on conďŹ dence, mutual respect and a common language; and this language has been the working tool of Antonio Cabeza GarcĂ­a.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The PRE is the best horse for everythingâ&#x20AC;?

From left to right: the Viscount of Garcigrande and Antonio Cabeza riding Taranta and Bandolero, training for acoso y derribo

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n Antonioâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s family, this language has been passed from one member to another, generation after generation. His grandfather was a horse tamer, an occupation that his father continued at the home of FermĂ­n BohĂłrquez. This is a career which to find its origin, you would have to go back to ancestral times, since it could be argued that it existed from the very moment when humans needed to tame horses to put them at his mercy.

Antonio Cabeza was born in 1939, in Jerez de la Frontera where he was always surrounded by horses. From a family of 12 siblings, he was the only one that followed in his father's footsteps, and tookup horses. When he was but 12 years old, he received the first notions of this profession, at the hand of his father. Then, for three years, he followed the teachings

of his teacher, Paco Barroso, who managed an equestrian center in Madrid, after having trained at the Spanish Riding School of Vienna.

The mission of the horse tamer was, at that time, to break or tame the young horses. â&#x20AC;&#x153;When their three years old, they were caught.

First, the grooms were responsible for turning them into nice creatures, leading them, putting on the first saddle, and then I, the tamer, would put on the bridle with the bit to start the work.â&#x20AC;? It must be said that back then, the profession of tamer was what is known today as a rider, but with a few differences due to the difference in the historical context.

The tamer prepared the horse for the person who would ride it later onâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;at that time, it tended to be a wealthy person. Today, both the professional in charge of the training the horse, and the

enthusiast who rides it, are both known as riders.

This was a task that required a lot of patience, an even temper and dedication, but above all, a passion for horses. It took approximately one year, depending on the training required; that is to say, if the horse was for one discipline or another, such as polo, which used to be a common sport, showjumping, bullfighting, acoso y derribo (testing young bulls for the / / / ' |

Q| ' / | > " carriage driving.

However, although some things changed depending on the discipline they will be dedicated to, they all had the same basic training. These teaching methods have varied and developed over time. Once the grooms had gentled the horse, the tamer took it out of

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“Of all the disciplines I have taught them, I would stick with Alta Escuela, as this is the most beautiful type of training that you can teach a horse”

His life continues to be occupied with the very obsession that made his life meaningful: horses

the stable to lunge it. Formerly, thus to get the best performance pass into the hands of another some tamers would lunge them out of it. After six months of training, person, who would finally ride it. on ground with irregularities, for the horse can be taken out into the The effort of an entire year was example, on ploughed ground, so countryside and after a year it is finished and the gratification was that the horse would get bogged practically ready. For example, “for savored after having achieved down and not buck. As soon as it polo or show-jumping, they would the required task. Nevertheless, stopped, it was pushed on from be trained in English-style, for optimism continued with new behind so that it would continue, acoso y derribo and bull-fighting, challenges, with new horses, year and when it pulled, it was necessary in vaquero-style (Spanish cowboy). after year. to hold it so that it was This was all possible Antonio Cabeza with one of his current horses, certain to recognize thanks to this with whom he continues to employ this special language the domination of language, not the tamer. Two to necessarily of words, four weeks later, but of signs, body depending on the movements, attitude, horse, they would and sounds that is so have learned how special that it held the to be lunged; by horses and generated then, it was time to an enormous put on the bridle, understanding.

A with a snaffle bit, language which as a the saddle, and any tamer had to change other necessary after those three equipment so the years of learning, horse would get used when he returned to it all. The horse again to his native was then lunged Jerez, to the farm of like this to become Fermín Bohórquez; accustomed to and this time, he was to “Not seeing a horse would be the death of me” familiarized with take charge of the the equipment. horse-drawn carriage Once this had been that was used for fairs achieved, it was time to the next However, those that are trained for and pilgrimages. An occupation stage, during which weight would bullfighting needed approximately that he followed for two years, be added to get the horse used one year, as these must perform but that did not really fulfill him. to carrying something and to Alta Escuela (Spanish high School).” He preferred the next stage in later take the weight of the rider.

Antonio Cabeza highlights one his career, which was during his Previously, some would accustom of the differences between then military training, when he formed their horses to this in another way; and now: those horses to be used a part of the Army’s School of for example, with a bag of sand, for carriage driving were trained Applied Cavalry and Equitation. but this must not have been very with long reins, with no need to ride In addition to taming horses, effective. Today, while one rider them, as happens now. With show- he enjoyed the opportunity to holds the reins, another goes to jumping, for example, “a pole was compete in show-jumping all over one side and puts his/her foot in placed on the floor, and the horse Spain, and win a number of prizes. the stirrup. This is done as much would go over it. This would be Later, at 22 years old, his father on one side as on the other. After progressively raised in height until sent him to Castile, to Salamanca, two months, the rider can mount the horse would be jumping about to the property owned by the with no need for aid. Over the next two meters.”

Viscount of Garcigrande (Luis few months, the horse continues to After a year, the job of the tamer Espinosa y Méndez de Vigo) as a develop; it builds up its muscles; it was finished, because the horse, horse tamer and cowboy on this is flexed to make it an athlete and starting from that moment, would property, where there were fighting

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At the fair in his hometown Jerez

bulls, and where he remained from 1964 up to 1977. There, they had horses of three bloods (PRE, TB and Arab), which were used for acoso y derribo.

Since then, he has continued to live in Salamanca, during which he had the opportunity to compete in the discipline of Acoso y derribo, and win several awards. He was, on repeated occasions, Champion of Spain. He was Champion in 1966, when the championship was held in Salamanca; in 1970, in Sevilla; and in 1971 where, due to the political situation Spain was going through, the final had to take place in Estoril (Portugal), where Mª Mercedes de Borbón y Orleáns, mother of the current King of Spain, Juan Carlos I, presented him with the well-deserved trophy.

In 1977, the Viscount of Garcigrande sold his property, and Antonio went to another property in Salamanca, Arauzo, and there, in addition to working as a cowboy, he taught many of the enthusiasts from the surrounding areas to ride. He became the Master of

Riding a PRE Horse, his best horse for dressage

Equitation of the area and created great love for horses.

From ‘77 to ’93, he went to Béjar as a cowboy. Here he worked with meek livestock (not fighting bulls) to retire there at the age of 65.

Since then, he has lived in Nava de Sotrobal (Salamanca). Of his three children, only the oldest, Pedro, has followed in his footsteps. He manages an equestrian center in Mancera de Abajo (Salamanca), but although the other ones do not work with horses professionally, he has been able to “contaminate” them with a love for horses.

Now he reminds us of his life and his profession with a smile on his face, with a face full of happy and nostalgic memories of a life dedicated to the horse, which has been more than gratifying for him. “It is dangerous breaking horses, but it is a lovely profession because I love to domesticate, not only ride, but teach them. It is such a wonderful feeling when the horse understands what you want”. It is difficult and adventurous to quantify the horses that have

gone through his hands, but they certainly must number more than 500.

“Of all the disciplines I have taught them, I would stick with Alta Escuela, as this is the most beautiful type of training that you can teach a horse”.

And when we ask him about his favorite horse, without hesitation he affirmed that “the horses that I have most trained have been PRE. This is the best horse for dressage, the best horse for everything because it adapts to everything; it is nobler, and it offers more. The PRE is the horse that learns best, the crossbreds need more time and will never work with the joy of a PRE”.

Five years into retirement, he has not been able to break away from horses. At home, there are a couple of horses that he rides vaquerostyle, for enjoyment, because as Antonio says “Not seeing a horse would be the death of me”.

In conclusion, his life continues to be occupied with the very obsession that made his life meaningful: horses.

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Carta ANCCE del Presidente Informa

INNOVACIÓN EN EL SISTEMA DE HERRAJE 2009 ANCCE ASSEMBLY ANCCE approves new Statutes En el Siglo XXI, gracias a todas las disciplinas científicas de estudio veterinario, anatómico, biomecánico at the 37thesGeneral Assembly y de locomoción, la innovación y la mejora también muy posible de aplicar a los sistemas de herraje, los cuales se han venido basando en la tradicionalidad y en el bajo costo.

The 37th ANCCE General Assembly, held this past April 25 at the Andalusian Entrepreneur Confederation Offices at Isla de la Cartuja in Sevilla, had the following agenda:

The main agreements reached included: - Approval of the Statutes. The new statutes shall govern the future of the Association when undertaking its social objective, composition and the faculties of the governing bodies, the relationships among members, their rights and obligations, the election and disciplinary system, etc.

The most covered are:

innovative

aspects

1. Objective This aspect has hardly been amended, although it has been adapted to request that the Ministry of Interior register the Association, thus facilitating the declaration as an organization of public interest. This would confer us major fiscal advantages with regards to corporate taxes and a better grading when requesting certain grants.

2. Composition Of The Governing Bodies These two sections shall go into effect after the next elections, although the candidates must keep them in mind when formulating their candidacies.

Executive Committee The executive committee shall be made up of seven (7) breeders,

1.- Approval, where relevant, of the minutes of the previous meeting.

2.- Summary of the 2008 ANCCE activities.

3.- Reading and approval, where relevant, of the 2008 accounts: balance sheet, results accounts and summary.

4.- Approval of the budget for 2009.

5.- Ratification, where relevant, of the agreements adopted by the Board of Directors.

6.- President’s Report.

7.- Reports from the various working commissions.

8.- Approval, where relevant, of the new ANCCE statutes.

9.- Various matters.

10.- Requests and questions reducing its current numbers.

Members of this Committee shall be chosen by the Board of Directors.

At ANCCE, the executive committee shall become the true executive organ in the daily administration of the Association.

However, it will always be subject to the final decisions of the Board of Directors and the General Assembly, who shall study and ratify, where relevant, its proposals.

Board of Directors The Board of Directors shall include all the associations that are members of ANCCE. These shall continue to have the right to appoint a representative on the board to make up two-fifths (2/5) of its composition.

3.

Member Rights And Obligations Appointing a Representative This section is fundamental to ensure and regulate the relationship between the members and the association. Stud farms constituted as a corporation must appoint their representative before ANCCE. Minimum time as members With regards to presidential elections, members must have at least one (1) year of seniority to vote.

This decision does not affect the voting rights for any other decision suggested in the assembly.

Furthermore, members who would like to present their candidacy for an elected office must have been Full members of ANCCE for at least five (5) years.

Term in Office The president of ANCCE may fulfill this post for two (2) terms, whether consecutive or not.

Acquired Rights The decisions regarding the minimum period as a member and the limitation for the presidential term of office shall, in no case affect those who were Full Members prior to the April 25th Assembly.

4.- Election System To guarantee the safety, security and the smooth running of the elections, proxy voting has been abolished. The only valid voting shall be in person, or by mail from the stud farm representative. To vote by mail, Full Members must request this vote as established and in advance. All votes by mail shall be held by a notary in Sevilla.

5.- Disciplinary System The alleged minor, serious and gross misconduct are defined and clarified, as well as the corresponding disciplinary actions to be taken, where relevant. The executive committee is responsible for commencing the disciplinary actions and the proposal of punishment, where relevant, to

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be presented before the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors shall propose the punishment to be imposed, and it also has the power to propose a lighter punishment when faced with specific circumstances.

The disciplinary system includes the possibility of taking disciplinary actions, in specified cases, against the horses of a stud farm involved in actions that are contrary to these statutes.

- Approval of the 2009 budget.

The Assembly approved the annual budget of 5,380,000 Euros which in general, will be destined to international and local promotion of the Purebred Spanish Horse and the management of the Stud Book.

This budget takes into consideration money-saving measures in the light of the current economic uncertainty we are suffering, but also include financing to launch our offices in the technological park known as Dehesa de Valme in the town of Dos Hermanas (Sevilla).

- Approval of the Stud Book Rules & Regulations. These rules and regulations oversee the compliance of the objectives delegated by ANCCE in terms of handling the Stud Book, maximizing efforts to guarantee reliability and efficiency for breeders the world over. In this sense, the contracting of a quality consultant was approved to obtain ISO 9001 and 17020 certification,

thus making the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book the only one in the world subject to such strict controls.

In the management report, Javier Conde, the President of ANCCE, underscored that the Stud Book is operating normally in Spain and in more that sixty countries where the PRE is bred with an average response time of two months when breeders request a service. Likewise, he reiterated that in spite of the economic crisis, the number of PRE breeders is on rise the world over.

Finally, the Assembly named Miguel Lovera, a Cordovan breeder with extraordinary awards and dedication to the Purebred Spanish Horse, as 2009 Honorary Member.

Jaime Molina, José Díaz Solís, Pedro Maza, Javier Conde, Augusto Romero, Manuel González and Fernando Huidobro

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Augusto Romero, Pedro Maza, Rosa García, Mariano Santos, Macarena Lazo and Teresa Villar

Domingo Moreno, Francisco Guerrero, Florencio Moreno, Enrique Haro, Lola Enriquez, José Gómez and Miss Haro

Mateos Dueña, José María Sanz, María Elena Fernández and Feliciano Reyes

José María Rojas, Mª Fernanda de la Escalera, Jaime Guardiola, Mª Luisa Villamarín, Mª Teresa Villar, Alberto Rojas y Lola Serra

José María Rojas, José Luis de la Escalera, Manuel Aranda, Rafael López Méndez, Vicente de la Escalera and Miguel García Diéguez

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María José Gravadosa, Manuel Calvo-Judici, José Varo, Pedro Pingarrón, José Ramón Fernández and their wives

José Ignacio Sánchez Velázquez, Concha Berenguer, Adolfo Sánchez de Movellán, Enrique Guerrero and Álvaro Muguruza

Pablo Ramosquirarte, Antonio López, Pedro Rey, Ignacio Candau, Pablo Martín, Joaquín Fernández and Jaime Molina

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2010 SICAB POSTER CONTEST You can now present works for the poster that will represent SICAB 2010.

Artists and designers, at least 18 years of age whether from Spain or abroad, either as individuals or a team, may participation in the contest.

The subject of the works must bear in mind the event being announced: SICAB, the International PRE Trade Fair.

Works must be original and unpublished.

No work may have been presented at any other contest and must not, in all or part, be a copy or plagiarized from any other published work or that of other artists. The authors will be responsible, before ANCCE and before third parties, for compliance with the rules and regulations established herein.

The following prizes have been established: First prize offers two thousand, five hundred Euros (€2,500).

For the two runners up, the prize is seven hundred and fifty Euros (€750).

The corresponding taxes will be applied to all prizes.

All work of art must be presented, or duly packaged and sent to the main ANCCE office located at: Cortijo de Cuarto (viejo), 41014, Sevilla, from Monday to Friday, and from 9.00 to 14.00 hours.

The deadline for the presentation of works of art concludes on the 30th of September, 2009.

To consult a complete version of the contest rules, to the ANCCE web site at www.ancce.com

YEGUADA FERRARI AND GANADERÍA AMPARO GINESTAR WERE DISCIPLINED The conformation Competition Follow-up and Control Commission unanimously dictated that disciplinary actions be taken following the facts and events documented at the Torre Pacheco and Coin Conformation Competitions.

Both Ganadería Amparo Ginestar and Yeguada Ferrari are banned from participating in conformational competitions organized by ANCCE for one year and a day. They may not participate in any conformational competition included in the Spanish National Championships throughout the rest of this year.

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TRAINING FOR SPECIALIZED WORKERS Within the equestrian sector, it is essential for breeders to have a team of professionals with extensive technical knowledge based on solid learning. This is precisely what Expasa and the Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art do by training specialized workers so that they are prepared and available to work directly in the arena, at the stables and on stud farms.

Integrated and specific training is offered so that workers can undertake the tasks of rider, stable hands, stud farm grooms, driving grooms, harness and saddlery maker assistants and equine veterinarian aids.

If you are interested in contracting specialized staff, please contact the following addresses: tallerdeoficio@ yeguadacartuja.com and info@realescuela.org

Student learning how to handle and train during the carriage driving course

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THE COMPETITION SEASON BEGINS AT CAR ANCCE Since its creation, the objective of the ANCCE High-Performance Center has been to create a reserve of horses and riders moving through the ranks to compete at top level competitions in the future. And so it has been.

Riders, trainer and adviser have thoroughly prepared six of the horses to participate in this year’s ANCCE Cup competition program, taking place throughout Spain.

Norte ridden by José A. García Mena, owned by Yeguada Lovera at the ANCCE Cup Final, SICAB 2008

The first competition on the calendar was Nambroca, held at the Yeguada San José facilities in Toledo from the 12th to 14th of June.

The participating horses included:, “Norte” in the Gran Prix, owned by Yeguada Lovera, and “Barquero JF”, a 5 year-old owned

by Yeguada JF Miño. Both horses are ridden by José Antonio García Mena and were awarded a grant

by ANCCE, to cover livery costs at CAR-.ANCCE, thanks to the good results earned in Dressage last year.

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Of the other four horses that participated in this competition, two debuted in the tests for four year-olds, ridden by Abel Salguero.

These were “King Kong III”, owned

by Yeguada el Diabolo and “Ileso JCL”, owned by Yeguada Cebrián and bred by José Colorado López.

The other two are 7 year-olds who took part in the Prix St Georges, “Zueco”, ridden by Abel Salguero, owned by Quintana La Romana and bred by María Fernanda de la Escalera and “Tesoro JEM”, ridden

by José Antonio García Mena, owned by Yeguada El Solei and bred by José Enrique Muñoz.

There was no lack of attendance on behalf of CAR-ANCCE, and all of the participating horses put on good performances, with “Barquero JF”, placing third in the tests for 5 year-olds, “Tesoro JEM”, fourth in the Prix St Georges and “Norte”, fourth in the Gran Prix.

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Studs Book News LG-PRE-ANCCE STUD BOOK MEETING WITH GERMAN BREEDERS ANCCE representatives summonsed a meeting with German breeders to explain the procedures they should follow to request services from the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book office as of that date. The meetings were held on the 22nd and 23rd of May in the cities of Düsseldorf and Munich.

After almost a year of shared responsibility between the LGPRE-ANCCE Stud Book office and the breeders’ association known as Verein der Freunde und Züchter des Pferdes, it was decided that the request for services from

German breeders would be handled directly from the main LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book office in Spain.

Payment for the services must be done through the web and there are new fees. There is further

information at the ANCCE and LGPRE-ANCCE Stud Book web sites.

These measures not only reduce the cost of services in Germany, but also facilitate the request for services.

German breeders at the meeting with the members of the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book

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PRE STUD BOOK FAMILY TREES ARE NOW AVAILABLE

Family tree of Kabileño VIII

The LG-PRE-ANCCE web-site (www.lgancce.com) now offers the possibility of printing out the family tree of all the horses registered, free of charge and with major additions such as:

Aljarafe IV, owned by José María Gil Salgado

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- Breeding status of the horse (if it has basic approval, is qualified breeding stock, etc.).

- Coat color genetics of those horses whose owners have requested this service.

- General information such as microchip, date of birth, number of offspring, brand, etc.

- A complete list of the female descendents, with their code, coat color, breeding status, year of birth, and coat color of dam or sire.

The computer application also allows you to obtain the family tree of any horse that appears on the screen by simply clicking on its name.

This is a very practical consultation tool for PRE breeders and enthusiasts. Just select the option “family tree” on the Web -site: w w w. lgancce.com. The tool allows you to print out in color or save it in a pdf file.

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CONSULT A PRE HORSE STUD BOOK You now have access to the PRE Stud Book, free of charge, through the Web-site: www.lgancce.com, selecting the option “árbol genealógico PRE” (PRE family tree) on the left.

The LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book is the only official Stud Book for the breed, as delegated by the Ministry of the Environment, and Rural and Marine Resources (previously Ministry of Agriculture), and which, was handled by FESCCR (Cría Caballar). It contains the details of all the current livestock and their historic predecessors since 1912, the year when it was created.

This Stud Book is updated in real time, which means you can know the details of every horse, its breeder and owner, create family trees, see descendants, coat

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colors, etc.. It is the only Stud Book that guarantees the reliability of all the information contained.

- Link from your web site to the LG-PRE-ANCCE Stud Book By the same token, ANCCE offers you the possibility of including a direct link from your web-site to the Stud Book Family Tree so that visitors to your page are able to connect the Stud Book by simply clicking on a banner.

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RULES & REGULATIONS FOR THE PRE HORSE STUD BOOK Within the scope of Royal Decree 662/2007, which made it possible for pure breed equine breeders’ associations to be responsible for or to handle their own Stud Books, and following the resolution by the General Livestock Office, dated the 11th of December 2007, ANCCE, the PRE Breeders’ Association of Spain, was officially recognized to handle the PRE Stud Book. This led to the creation of a series of rules and regulations to handle the PRE Stud Book.

Obviously, handling a Stud Book for pure breed equines such as the PRE Horse, must take into account a pre-existent reality, since the PRE Stud Book has been in operation for almost a century. Consequently, there is no need to speak of foundational or auxiliary books, but the Stud Book as a single concept that notes the identifying aspects of all those horses which, following the current rules and regulations should be registered and included.

In the case of the PRE, despite being a native breed from Spain, it can be found in a multitude of countries the world over. For this very reason, the Stud Book must include each and every PRE Horse in the world. Consequently, we have to consider how the Stud Book is handled internationally; therefore the necessary controls must be in place to provide

services in those countries where the PRE is already being bred. Likewise, new appendices must be opened for emerging herds of PRE Horses in other countries.

These Rules and Regulations seek to clarify the structure of the Stud Book, establish the basic guidelines for its management, set up the controls horses shall be subject to and the handling of the actual LG-PREANCCE Stud book. Likewise, the rights and obligations affecting the association responsible for the Stud Book and the breeders whose horses are registered therein shall also be covered.

If you would like further information on this topic, and want to read the rules and regulations in full, go to the ANCCE web site at www.ancce.com where you will find it in the section NEWS.

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PRE History

CONJECTURES AND REBUTTALS: The need to know the history of the Spanish Horse

The frontal-nasal profile of the PRE

By Juan Carlos Altamirano

Maximum frontal-nasal sub-convex ram-headed proďŹ le

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In the previous article, I pointed out that after the publication of the book, The Origin of the Species (by Charles Darwin), those in favor of the theory used it to justify the validity of their ideas and conjectures. Likewise, the statement about the adaptation of the PRE (Purebred Spanish Horse) to it geogr aphical surroundings became the sole support for such ideas, with neither data nor proof to verify the process.

Simultaneously, a number of writers, basing their work on studies carried out by French animal technicians about “aloidism” (who intentionally created enormous confusion within the PRE world), took up the idea that the PRE owes its conformation to the natur al correlations imposed by the frontal-nasal profile1.

1 The frontal-nasal profile is related to a larger body size, a more arched and massive neck, clearly defined withers, a long back and a rounded croup. The straight profile, on the contrary, is related to straightness with regards to shape, the most visible example being the back, the croup and the limb alignment; as the croup is straight, the insertion of the tail is high

Linneo

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I

n fact, this is one of the most controversial topics with regards to the PRE ever since those from the so-called “Cordovan School of Animal Husbandry,” in an effort to explain the origin of the PRE—unknown at the time—went back to the studies by Raúl Baron and Dechambre about natural anatomical correlations (something that unfortunately still continues to have a negative impact on their selection). From there, plentiful works were carried out in an effort to define what the conformation of the PRE should be, basing this on the belief that a breed can only have a single profile; some even went as far as to state that this curvature should fall within extremely precise degrees. While some maintained that the forehead of the PRE should be "sub-convex", others claimed that this should apply to both the forehead and nose; for still others, there are three types depending on the degree of the curvature: minimum, medium and maximum.

Thus, some chose the option that it should be sub-convex, but only to a “minimum" degree, while others chose the “medium”, which they called the “classical” type; Still others claim that the purest is the “straight” profile. It was also generally claimed that the maximum sub-convex profile, also known by the name “acarnerado"* did not correspond to the P.R.E. because, as they argued, it appears in the breed due to crossings with horses imported from Europe at the beginning of the 17th century, by the Royal groom, Juan Jerónimo Tinto1, who signed as Tinti2, and has erroneously been known as Juan Jerónimo “Tiutti”. Surprisingly, there is still a debate over the geographical areas from which the different types of profiles found in Spain came. Although there is a certain agreement among most 1

Archivo del Palacio Real (Archives) in Madrid, Administrative Section, Legajo (File). 1.305-2. Title by the Royal Stables of Cordoba to Juan Jerónimo Tinto, dated the 26th of August, 1600

2

Altamirano Macarrón, JC. (1998) Historia y origen del caballo español (The history and Origin of the Spanish Horse). Málaga, Ediciones Ecuestres

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Blumenbach

This controvertial issue originated at the end of the 18th century and was widely disseminated during the 19th century as the conclusions of Blumenbach and Linneo about the cranial difference in human beings became known. This was when the different types of equine profiles first appeared, and later on, more specifically with regards to the PRE. The only achievement of this research, based on the results obtained, is a pitiful waste of time

authors in assigning the origin of the straight profile to Arab-speaking countries, and that of the maximum sub-convex profile to European countries, others claim that it came from the Far Eastern countries and some even claimed that this came from northern Africa. However, both theories—that of adaptation to the Andalusian geography and that of the natural correlation of the profiles—become contradictory if applied to the P.R.E. The reason for this is that if the PRE owes its conformational characteristics to a correlation with its profile, it is somewhat difficult to claim at the same time that these are the consequence of the Andalusian geography. If we follow this theory, it would be logical to claim that the PRE breed characteristics are due to the geography of the place from which the type of frontalnasal profile came, and not to the habitat of Andalusia.

The studies carried out on the anatomical correlations related to the different types of profiles in equines and certain characteristics, were naively applied to the conformation that the PRE ought to have, because those studies were carried out superimposing the concepts of breed and species. We must not forget that it is very easy for humanity, should he wish, to distort the correlations that could appear naturally: his intervention in reproduction can modify what would naturally happen. If you think about the fact that the same correlation does not always appear in reproduction when in freedom, then it is even less possible for it to arise when humankind has intervened for thousands of years to select specific parameters. The consequence of this selection has been that we have been able to produce different breeds in which horses have sub-convex, concave or straight profiles and all of which present the same type of croup, shape of hocks, back, neck, insertion of tail, are larger or smaller, have different coat colors, etc3. In fact, the frequency that certain functional features or characteristic appear has been, and is, the element that we have and continue to use to create or define new breeds or types that are of use to humans. Due to this, you cannot say that an individual does not belong to a breed if it shows some isolated feature that has been taken as a characteristic of another breed. The individuals from one breed do not have to be identical in every aspect of their conformation. However, they should be identical in terms of the characteristics that distinguish the breed as such4.

This polemic issue originated at the end of the 18th century and was widely disseminated during the 19th century as the conclusions of Blumenbach and Linneo about the cranial difference in human beings became known. This was when the different types of equine profiles first appeared, and later on, more 3

Ibid., p. 160

4

This can be seen in my book, “The Spanish Horse: the evolution of its morphology” (2000). Málaga, Ediciones Ecuestres.

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The prehistoric horse was an animal that measured 40 centimeters in height, which at no time remotely resembled the PRE

Jenofonte

In ancient times, the preferred size was small, as was recommended by Simon of Athens, Xenophon (4th century BC), Columella (1st century) and Saint Isidore of Seville (7th century), among others specifically with regards to the PRE. This led to the use of the system of breed identification based on the profile, achieving, from that point, greater uniformity with regards to this characteristic within each breed. This would, from then on, be used as a differentiating feature among breeds. Since then, all the studies of breeds, both for humans and animals, were based on these theories; this was the beginning of the endless measuring of skulls to support supposed breed purity, to attribute different intellectual capacity, etc. Since its application to equines, numerous studies have been carried out, aimed at discovering the true shape of the PRE profile in prehistoric times.

The reason behind this was that they believed that, once located, the correlation certain specific anatomical characteristics would appear, which would define the supposed "Conformational purity" of the PRE. But, although some still continue pursuing this end, the only achievement of this research, based on the results obtained, is a pitiful waste of time.

Horse that appears in the Santimamiñe Cave in the province of Biscay, Spain

Today, many breed discussions no longer focus solely on the shape of the frontal-nasal profile, but also on the various characteristics of the head included in the standard for the breed: eyes, ears, cheeks, nostrils and face. Logically, these features fail to appear in a fixed manner, although some judges and members of the reviewing boards believe that they do. (The members of a breed do not have to be exactly the same, because even cloned animals are not identical as such).

Since the onset of this controversy, history has always been consulted to try and justify certain statements.

In this case, what is curiously interesting is that in antiquity, profiles were never mentioned, only the size of the head. In ancient times, the preferred size was small, as was recommended by Simon of Athens, Xenophon (4th century BC), Columella (1st century) and Saint Isidore of Seville (7th century), among others. Logically, this characteristic was also sought after during the PRE creation process, since it appears in the instructions that were given to the Governor of the Breed5 in 1567. As 5

Recommendations to the Governor of the Breed. This was one of the responsibilities created by Phillip II to

I explained in my above-mentioned book, these recommendations were based on conformation and movement patterns, established by classical Greeks as the most perfect for an equine.

The reality of so much confusion about the profiles is due to some members of the “Cordovan Animal Husbandry School” (of thought) because, although based on rigorous studies about the natural anatomical correlations carried out by French experts in animal husbandry, their conclusions were applied to examples of a breed that was “fabricated” by humankind—as is the case of the P.R.E.—as if this was a natural breed. As a result, instead of clarifying the existent knowledge, they increased the confusion, which latently continues in the PRE world of today. Only a few days ago, on an Internet forum, a conformation competition judge was surprised that he had to give same score to horses with sub-convex profiles, as he did to those with straight profiles.

This particular judge seems to have forgotten that a breed is simply what its standard describes, and that produce the Spanish Horse. When the breed first started, this was the responsibility of the Royal Stables.

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The PRE Rules and Regulations allow, and I believe that this is correct, the two profile types - straight and sub-convex; due to this, neither of the two can be considered more, or less, pure

The conformational configuration of the PRE has not depended on its adaptation to the Andalusian geography but rather the application of crossbreeding and selection

individual preferences and desires must remain at home when judging.

If it were possible to put into practice the theory supported by some authors—about how the PRE is the fruit of natural evolution and that it has maintained its shape since prehistoric times—the breed would possibly no longer exist, because its impossibility to evolve would have made it disappear. Let us not forget that the prehistoric horse was an animal that measured 40 centimeters in height, which at no time remotely resembled the PRE or any other breed. The PRE owes its

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existence to evolution in as much as it is a member a species; however, its conformational make-up was never dependant on its adaptation to the Andalusian landscape, but rather, a consequence of the crossings and the selection carried out by Diego López de Haro, its creator, in the second half of the 16th century, and subsequently, to that of the breeders and to the administrations that have regulated the breed.

If the desire of the breeders and institutions representing the PRE is to only leave one type of profile, by which the breed

should be identified starting from now, that decision should only serve, as I pointed out in my book History and Origin of the Spanish Horse, to amalgamate breeding criteria, but not to characterize its historical purity. Meanwhile, the PRE Rules and Regulations allow, and I believe that this is correct, the two profile types - straight and sub-convex; due to this, neither of the two can be considered more, or less, pure. *Translators Note: Acarnerado meaning similar to a ram’s head

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Dressage

RHYTHM RHYTHM If you have ever gone to a dressage competition or have heard a conversation between riders and trainers of this discipline, you frequently hear the word “RHYTHM” in the context of the phrases, but almost always poorly used.

Although I am sure, or almost sure, they all know what the word means, they use it generically instead of another word that would define more clearly what it is that they really mean. Within “RHYTHM”, there are a variety of meanings that, more often than not, lead to confusion.

By José A. Fdez. Lineros

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t is true that rhythm is one of the basic pillars upon which the training of horses is based, and precisely due to its tremendous importance, we must know exactly what it refers to, and what its source are.

In most aspects, if not all, Dressage is similar to music. Could you imagine how a song would sound if one part had 3/4 timing, another part 2/4 timing while still another was 4/4? What if one part sounded quicker than other, and if the speed of the following part differed to the other two? Or if the notes sounded at different intervals......? It would be impossible to listen to; however each one of these circumstances is different and not exclusive. In other words, if you have one of these, it does not mean that you can or cannot have the others. Exactly same happens with horses; there could be one or several circumstances that lead to a faulty movement in anyone of the three paces, but only one is attributable to rhythm, the others have other names, although they are generally all thrown into the same sack. I will try to explain this as clearly as possible.

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To perfectly understand any concept referring to Dressage, it is essential to bear in mind the objective of this discipline: “The mental-physical improvement of the horse”; this is not the same as in other equestrian practices, although they are also known as training.

Starting from that premise, the fundamental applicable principle is respect the natural paces of the horse. Our work is to not ruin these, but to conserve them and if it at all possible, improve them through gymnastics, making the strides longer and more elastic. If we do not achieve this in the end, we will not have done it well, even if the horse does a number of delightful things.

RHYTHM is what we call the natural structure of the movement of the horse in each one of its three paces and its maintenance, during the whole time the horse moves in that pace; for that reason it is the basic pillar upon which everything else is based. Without rhythm there is no Dressage. We all know, or should know, what the mechanism of each pace is—and I will get into these—but superficially, I will say that the rhythm of the walk

is four time (with no moment of suspension), the trot is two time with a moment of suspension between each beat and the canter is three time with a moment of suspension at the end. Poor riding or poor training causes stiffness and contractions or bad postural habits, which deteriorate and will even destroy the natural way in which the horse moves. How often in a Grand Prix (when you imagine that the horse has reached its top level), have we seen horses that amble in walk or that canter in four time?

Now, “RHYTHM” needs a series of conditions for it to be considered good; here I am only talking from the point of view of mechanics. The same as in music, we already have the “beat” of each pace, but for the music to sound good, it is necessary that all the beats coincide at the same time; this is what we call REGULARITY in dressage. The perfect regularity of the rhythm is what the second hand of a clock would mark, which is never late or ahead, each “tic-tac” takes place at exactly the same interval of time as the previous one and the following one. If this is transferred to dressage, in trot, the “tic” would correspond to one diagonal pair,

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RHYTHM is what we call the natural structure of the movement of the horse in each one of its three paces and its maintenance, during the whole time the horse moves in that pace; for that reason it is the basic pillar upon which everything else is based. Without rhythm there is no Dressage

Symmetry Rhythm

Rhythm

R

e

g

Rhythm

u

l

a

r

i

t

Rhythm

y

A SEQUENCE OF FOUR TROT STRIDES Positive:

/ ' Negative: right diagonal pair and the “tac” to the other, the complete tic-tac would form one trot stride and if it is possible to make all the strides with the same interval, we would have a perfect rhythm with a perfect regularity. It is clear that in dressage, perfection, when reached, does not last for long, it is only achieved at specific moments.

Equitation is an ephemeral art and it is only preserved in the memory of the rider and sensitive spectators who have seen it; but it is the route to follow and the challenge is to get as close as possible to perfection.

It is commonplace to confuse two terms that do not mean the same thing: regularity and SYMMETRY or EQUALITY. I have already explained what the first one consists of; the second refers to the fact that the left side of the horse should move exactly the same as the right.

You can have disparity but still maintain the rhythm with a perfect regularity. This would not be the normal situation, but it happens with some frequency and it cannot be confused. Let us return to the example of the clock. Imagine that the “tic” is smaller than the “tac,” but the whole thing continues to be one second and every second is the same; the clock would continue without going fast or slow, despite being asymmetric or unequal in its rhythm.

But we still have something left to cover; an important concept which some “schools” of equitation have incorrectly appropriated, giving it an incorrect meaning: CADENCE. What is CADENCE? Its definition is very simple and very clear, it is the “speed of the rhythm” and there is no need to go into any more detail. Cadence may be faster or slower; the term does not imply “quality”, but “quantity.”

The expression “more cadence” that we hear so often, is absolutely senseless, because it does not specify whether we want the horse to go quicker or slower. The second hand of a normal clock moves with a cadence of one second, but we could trick it into moving with a cadence of two seconds, and then the hours would last one hundred and twenty minutes, but the rhythm, the regularity and the symmetry would continue to be perfect, and the clock would continue without going fast or slow. There are versions of famous songs or masterpieces of music and it depends on who directs them whether their cadence changes: they are sometimes faster or slower, depending on personal taste or criteria when trying to get the best out of that piece. What is the cadence of the paces of the horse? It depends on the criteria of

its rider, but I might dare to give you a reference, which is, of course, not set in stone, nor is it an asseveration, it is only my idea: the correct cadence for a horse is that in which “the horse is able to develop all its athletic potential without deteriorating the other qualities of the pace in which it moves.”

I will briefly explain this; you can increase or reduce the speed of the rhythm until you get the maximum brilliance and expression, up to the point at which the regularity, calmness, lack of tenseness, and elasticity start to be in danger. If you achieve that balance, your horse’s cadence will be perfect for the pace in which it is moving. The line that separates brilliance from tension is very fine and it can be crossed at any moment.

It is the director of the orchestra who decides how the music will be interpreted and at all times, it is the director who leads the musicians, laying out the rule to them; in a similar way, it is the rider who has to ride the horse and to control all these variables until it achieves the perfect rhythm. We will never be able to accuse the horse of something that is not its responsibility, but ours.

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Alta Escuela En el Siglo XXI, gracias a todas las disciplinas científicas de estudio veterinario, anatómico, biomecánico y de locomoción, la innovación y la mejora es también muy posible de aplicar a los sistemas de herraje, los cuales se han venido basando en la tradicionalidad y en el bajo costo.

Guajiro, owned by José A. Bautista and bred by Mario Torio, ridden by José A. Fdez. Lineros 70

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CANTER FLYING CHANGES 1

By Alfonso Cuesta

This is, in my opinion, one of the most difďŹ cult exercises in equitation; especially when the series is of four, three, two and lastly, one-stride changes. The difďŹ culties appear when the horse does not naturally have a good canter, endowed with a long period of suspension, since it is during the period of suspension that it is necessary to ask for the change of leg. Therefore, before requesting changes, it is essential to work well at the canter so that the pace achieves the necessary quality to correctly execute the exercise in question.

Before asking for changes, you must have a quality canter

E

veryone knows that the trot is the pace that the rider can improve most; however this does not mean that the canter cannot be enhanced, at least in some of its variables. It is difficult to achieve a longer stride in a canter that is naturally short, but we can achieve better collection, more suspension, and more balance. When the canter has improved in these three aspects, there should be no major problems in achieving the changes.

Basically, the best way to improve balance is to use counter canter on circles and serpentines with one loop in normal canter and the other in counter canter.

To improve collection, it is especially import to work on direct halts from canter; although the transitions between the various

"It is essential to work well at the canter so that the pace achieves the necessary quality to correctly execute the exercise in question" types of canter and the changes of speed are also magnificent tools with which to improve collection and suspension.

I will try to explain how I prepare my horses before

requesting changes.

I know that there are other procedures, and as usual, each horse finds one preparation better than another, but since I cannot cover them all, I will write about the procedure I feel is the most appropriate for the largest number of horses.

You must start with a good working canter, fluent, with impulsion and straight.

From this canter, you will work on serpentines and circles in normal and counter canter until neither impulsion nor fluency are lost in their execution. If this does happen, and it probably will, reestablish the fluency and the impulsion, working on

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transitions between the different types of canter, working on straight lines and twenty-meter circles, going from working canter to medium and then to extended, and then, step by step, back to working again. At this point it is useful to remember the maxim: "Don’t push more than what you can retain, or retain more than what you can push." Also from working canter, go to collected and from this to a halt and/or "ground-to-ground," if what you are seeking is more collection; if fluency or lightness are lost in this process, once again, go back, at least, to working canter. If these are not yet recovered, then go to medium and even extended again.

In these transitions between the different types of canter, you can almost constantly use that wonderful and fantastic aid, the half-halt. I dare say that the horse

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that always performs good halfhalts, responding readily to its rider’s requests, is already a “trained" horse, as in this state, the horse has stopped opposing its rider, and like this, you only have to teach it the various exercises.

One day, I will perhaps provide you with an in depth explanation about the best tool we have for training horses: the “half-halt.”

Getting back to the question…. your horse is now capable of going from one type of canter to another, with no problems, no tension, calmly, fluently, straight, etc. The horse is now able to go from canter circles in normal canter to circles in counter canter, and it performs serpentines both in normal canter and in counter canter.

With this work well done, there are a good number of horses that are now ready to be asked to produce flying changes. However, I will now

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A magnificent preparation for “flying changes" is to work on canter-walk-walk-canter transitions

Guajiro, owned by José A. Bautista and bred by Mario Torio, ridden by José A. Fdez. Lineros (Photographic set up)

cover another exercise to obtain a magnificent preparation for “flying changes"; this is to work on canterwalk-walk-canter transitions.

Work using the whole arena—for example, on the left rein, cantering in normal canter. Ask for collected walk, and only after the strides in collected walk are sufficiently good, for which you must remain in walk for as long as is necessary, only then, should you ask for right canter.

When these canter strides are of a good enough quality, only then can you ask for collected walk.

I will try to explain myself better: the work of walk-canter-canterwalk transitions must be carried out around the edges of the arena and of course on both reins. Go from a normal collected canter to a collected walk and from this to counter canter “on the straight”, to then go into a collected walk and

from this, once again to a normal canter.

In normal canter, in walk, and above all in counter canter, as many strides as are necessary must be taken to achieve a quality pace and type. Only, after the horse walks and canters with quality, will you reduce the number of strides both in walk and in canter; to later perform this exercise using “counted strides”, for example: working on the left rein, five canter strides in normal canter, five strides in walk, five strides in counter canter. Then reduce the five "counted" strides to four, then three, then two, and from there, go on to request a flying change in the air.

I hope that I have described these processes preparing for flying changes with enough clarity.

Throughout the article, I have deliberately used the different terms used in common English.

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Driving INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE DRIVING COMPETITION

By María Gómez

The French town of Pau played host to the now traditional International Carriage Driving Competition, from the 14th to 17th of May. This year there were several participants from Spain, with a total of nine drivers distributed among the various categories (singles, Pairs and Teams (four-in-hand)).

Ana Muñoz from Spain performing the cones test

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he PRE was once again present, in the hands of Ana Muñoz. This young lady, who has bet on the PRE since she started driving, and with her mare, “Centellita” owned by Yeguada los Sueños, competed this in the singles category; last year she took part in pairs. Once again, she demonstrated her security at the reins, her skillfulness and her enormous enthusiasm.

Everyone knows that despite her youth, she is currently one of the youngest competitors, not only in this category, but within the discipline of Carriage Driving.

Pau is one of the European circuits where you can find the greatest number of turnouts in singles and perhaps one of

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most complex layouts for the marathon. For this event, her team was very firm, bringing to a head all the work carried out during the months of training.

Right from the start, she strove to finish the marathon, which is the most important aspect in this sport; Ana failed to do so last year. On the last day, cones, the young lady from Sevilla missed the option of a good position within the general placings; her carriage turned over only a few meters from the end of the course putting an end to the hopes of her team.

Once more, the best Spanish whips left proof that carriage driving in Spain is, slowly but surly, gaining in experience and

wisdom; not only do they occupy the top places as individuals in each section (dressage, marathon and cones), but they are appearing within the top ten of the overall positions. All of these were well merited. What is needed is for federations, associations and different organizations to become a more involved in terms of support, both economic and material, that the teams require, because any support will help to bring greater prestige to the discipline.

The PRE world has suitable horses for carriage driving competition both in Spain and abroad. The next event for the PRE will be Rome.

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Ana Mu単oz driving Centellita, owned by Yeguada los Sue単os, during the marathon

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Daily Veterinary Practice SECTION 1 AND 2 AND THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT Of the many aspects linked to the world of horses, one of the greatest problems to avoid is the development of injuries. Bones, joints, tendons and ligaments have to support major forces during training and competition and it seems unavoidable that at some time or another, any horse could suffer some type of muscular-skeletal injury.

There is a group of injuries that are known as developmental injuries, which start to show at an early age. Within this group are such well-known injuries as osteochondrosis (OCD), epiphysitis and ďŹ&#x201A;exing deformations, among others. Several theories seek to explain the development of this type of injury, including a genetic bias, inadequate nutrition, rapid growth, traumas and excessive exercise. All these factors play a major role in the appearance of developmental ailments, but rapid growth and high-energy feed appear to be the most frequently implicated in

By Esther GutiĂŠrrez the development of OCD in youngstock.

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"If it is not possible to keep youngstock in freedom, it is vital that both the mare and the foal are turned out daily in a field" of the horse does not become mature until it is 2.5 to 3 years old. However, there are classes in conformation competitions, such as in sections 1 and 2, in which very immature animals compete. Occasionally, we believe that it is ideal for these young horses to appear to be young athletes, instead of the “adolescents” they are.

In the sections for yearlings, the horses are judged on the move and for their conformation. Some of these colts and fillies are not even one year old, and this implies that these young horses must be prepared in a very short time. This intensive training at such a young age can predispose the horse to developing injuries, as well as to shortening their competitive career. Let us take a look the effects of training on the skeleton and the support tissues (tendons and ligaments).

Training causes the adaptation of the organism to competitive performance. But it is necessary to differentiate two phases: - A greater demand oxygenation of the muscles increases the aerobic capacity. This happens shortly after training begins (2 or 3 months later).

- The adaptation of bones, cartilages, ligaments and tendons to the training takes much longer. Forced exercise on still immature structures can be related to diverse injuries: Osteochondrosis Dissecans (O.C.D.): Hyper-flexion injury of the fetlock

T

he growth of youngstock can be modified by their nutrition. This is quite a controversial topic since, on many occasions, the biggest and most developed youngsters are better valued. Due to this, many breeders prefer to give high-energy feeds, to optimize the growth of the youngsters, but this is always harmful to the development of a healthy animal.

Young horses will not grow beyond what their genetics establish, but feeding high energy feed during their first year of life causes them to reach greater weight much sooner, having excessive fat. This excess growth takes place at an age when neither the bones nor the joints are ready to support the increase in weight that this feeding program causes.

To avoid the appearance of these injuries to the maximum, it is fundamental to be aware that it is first of all necessary to consider the pregnant mare. She should be fed appropriately to supply her with the necessary minerals, selenium and vitamin E; this is especially true during the last three months of gestation. Supplying these nutrients to youngsters cannot compensate for the lack of these nutrients during gestation.

A number of factors may impact on the development of muscular-skeletal injuries. The skeleton

This pathology implies an injury to the joint surface, with the formation of small loose pieces of joint cartilage with or without added bone.

Subchondral bone cysts: These are defects in the ossification that usually appear in the joint of the stifle; they are nuclei of incomplete ossification which appear as darker areas on an x-ray.

When present in young foals, they appear as a type of osteochondrosis, but they can also appear in mature horses.

Epiphysitis: While the young horse grows, the growth plates or physis (long bones termination areas), produce new bony material from the original cartilage. Young horses are therefore very sensitive to bone and joint injuries during this period of rapid growth (in particular from 6 to 12 months of age).

Epiphysitis is an inflammation around the growth plates of the bones. Characteristically, there is an inflamed area immediately above and below certain joints. If it causes lameness, it must be X-rayed and given conservative treatment.

Flexing Deformities (or "contracted tendons"): With a flexing deformity, it is impossible to completely extend the affected limb.

"Young horses should have sufficient space to be able to move with freedom; their natural movement creates the appropriate muscle tone"

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Intensive training at such a young age can predispose the horse to developing injuries, as well as to shortening their competitive career

Jabonoso JCL III, owned by José Colorado López

Generally, the hyper-flexion of an anatomical area is the product of an imbalance between the length of the affected bones and the muscular-tendon structures joining them. It usually occurs in quick-growing youngsters on a high energy feed.

Juvenile Osteoarthritis: With this, there are signs of arthritis, such as the formation of bone spurs. These are characterized by an inflammation of the joints, which usually also feel hot. It is very important to differentiate these from septic arthritis, which is caused by an infection that starts in the navel in very young foals, or is due to a transcutaneous infection.

Splints are produced by microfractures, generally on the cannon bone. These micro-fractures can be caused by over-reaches, having been kicked by the hooves of the hind or opposite limbs, and therefore can occur accidentally.

However, on occasions, splints are not caused by over-reaches, but by tension-stress due to excessive exercise for an immature

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bone structure. Due to this, it is important not to push young horses before time.

All these problems are very common, which means that they are problems of great economic interest for breeders and owners.

Ideally young horses should have sufficient space to be able to move with freedom, their natural movement creates the appropriate muscle tone. On occasion, it is not possible to keep youngstock in freedom. If this it is the case, it is vital that both the mare and the foal are turned out daily in a field.

Keeping youngster solely in a stable, causes, in the first place, a lack of wear on its hooves, which alters the correct angulations of the limbs. Excessively long hooves causes joints, such as the fetlock, to be over extended, leading to the development of injuries such as those mentioned above (arthritis, bone cysts…). In addition, prolonged stabling is directly related to the development of flexing injuries (horse with “flatfeet” or “limb alignment problems”) and horses with “open” or “closed”

hocks, since an appropriate muscle is necessary for the bone structures, tendons and ligaments to grow in a balanced and regular manner.

The training program should not begin until the veterinarian carries out an evaluation of the horse. Some physical or conformation problems (such as angular deformities), can be exacerbated with exercise.

In conclusion we can say that the potential problems caused by stress on immature joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments, continue to affect young horses throughout their lives. In fact, the success of this preparation starts in the breeding phase; genetics, the state of the dam's health, her nutrition during gestation and nursing, as well as the handling the foal during the first year are all fundamental factors to be taken into consideration.

A separate point is that some young horses grow late, and they will never be sufficiently mature to compete at that age. In these cases, it would be better to give them time and avoid putting the cart before the horse.

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International NEWS FROM PREAA It has been another long, hot summer in Australia. We were also ravaged by fires in February in Victoria in the country’s south east, which hit world headlines! Thanks for all the emails of concern from our friends in Spain and around the world during that time. We have also been in the longest drought in our history and our rainfall seems to be less and less each year. Maybe this winter it will break?

We were lucky in December with Ignacio Bravo being sent out

by ANCCE for morphological and riding clinics at two locations in Australia. Ignacio was backed up

by Cristina Wilkins as his translator ' /

/ who grew up in Spain, married an Englishman, and now resides in Australia. They made a great team and Ignacio was able to

impart some of his knowledge during the two, two-day courses.

A big thanks to ANCCE for sending Ignacio out to Australia for this. I was lucky enough to be in Spain for the 2009 Feria del Caballo in Jerez, and was able to see Ignacio’s training first hand as he took Armas Tarugo (owned by Dehesa de Cabeza Rubia) through his paces to win section 12 and later take out Campeón De Funcionalidad and Campeón Del Concurso.

In Australia we have approximately 1200 pure Spanish horses, but only about half of them are PRE and hold passports. We are trying to sort through the horses that are not PRE to see if there are any further ones eligible. This is proving quite difficult as we are always coming across a bloodline that is Q

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of a non-PRE parent which then breaks the line. It is really frustrating as the pure Spanish horses in this country are all from PRE stock, but a break in the line such as this renders the horse ineligible. We have been lucky with some horses though, so we look forward to working with their owners to get as many horses through as possible.

Funding is short this year from ANCCE for education, so we are not sure if there will be any clinics this year.

It was great to catch up with friends again in Spain with my

Q / ' | / / everyone who looked after me during my time there (you know who you are)! The Feria in Jerez was amazing! Hopefully I will be there at SICAB this year.

NEW BOARD OF DIRECTORS The Ordinary Assembly of the PRE Breeders’ Association of Costa Rica took place on the 21st of May. The new board of directors is as follows: President: André Garnier Kruse Vice-president: Ronald Xirinachs Jiménez Secretary: Ricardo Valverde Carrillo Treasurer: Mauricio Arce Lara Members: Tomás Batalla Esquivel, Mario Urpí Rodríguez, Carlos Echandi Sobrado, Gonzálo Sánchez Jalet, José Manuel Agüero Quirós, Carlos Orlich Castelán, José Gerardo Chavarría Ferraro and Paula Chantada Vicente.

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BONANZA 2009 Costa Rica, land of treasures Text and photos by Ignacio Bringas

Bonanza 2009, the most important PRE event in Central America, has confirmed the Ganadera Jocha, owned by José Gerardo Chavarría—who comes from a family with an enormous tradition and passion for the PRE—as Best Exhibitor for the third year in a row.

There are fifty stud farms in the PRE Breeders’ Association of Costa Rica dedicated to breeding PRE horses. Amongst its merits, this Association was, until only a few years ago, the leader, in terms of the number of horses registered in Spain. In addition to this, Costa Rica was the first country outside of Spain that registered PRE horses

in the Cria Caballar* Register of Spain.

Many of the breeders in Costa Rica have been major players in the international breeder organizations and others have achieved distinct recognition within and outside Costa Rica. Breeders such as Laura Collado, Luis Cárdenas, Tomás Batalla and André Garnier have the distinction of being included in the book of the 100 most famous PRE breeders in the world.

During this magnificent event, which ran over three days, beautiful horses from the Miguel Ángel de Cárdenas, Salvador Guardiola, Martínez Boloix, Can Maynou,

Yeguada Cubas, Yeguada El Centurión, Yeguada Lovera, Yeguada La Yedra and Yeguada Mater Christi bloodlines, among others, were presented.

This important event was judged by the Andalusian rider, Rafael Ortiz Alcalá - Zamora, 2006 Dressage Champion of Spain. He represented the Spanish team at the Official International Dressage Competition Nations’ Cup in Saumur, France. * The Military Equine Breeding Department that until recently, registered all PRE horses.

Richi Moutos, Armando Pérez and Jesús Sánchez

Roberto Moll, André Garnier and Alfredo Zanat

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TENTH INTERNATIONAL EQUESTRIAN FESTIVAL IN ANTIGUA Text and photos by Ignacio Bringas

Álvaro Arzú, current Mayor of the City of Guatemala with the President of AGCCPRE, Carlos González

With the majestic Volcán de Agua (volcano) towering 3,675 meters (8776 feet) over the area, the Tenth International Equestrian Festival 2009, in Guatemala, took place in the colonial city of Antigua. For three days, the event was attended by more than two thousand people, who admired and applauded the 142 P.R.E. Horses participating in the various sections of the competition.

The Tenth Festival attracted the main Guatemalan breeders and other competitors from Costa Rica, Honduras and Nicaragua.

“This year the Equestrian Festival was dedicated to a great, internationally renowned breeder who has dedicated most of his life to spreading his passion for the horse, by showing us a route full of perseverance and effort and diplomacy when faced with the obstacles of breeding and business. I refer to Marco Tulio Pivaral Calzia. Thank you for showing us the qualities

required for this passion for the PRE”, said Carlos González Asturias, outgoing President of the Guatemalan Association.

The PRE Breeders’ Association of Guatemala (AGCCPRE) currently has 40 affiliated breeders, whose horses satisfy the most demanding tastes of the Central American and USA markets. They have even reached such countries as Sweden, Greece and Japan.

In addition to the breeders, there are almost 25 associates, which is the term use to describe those who own PRE Horses, but who do not breed them.

Carlos González, president of AGCCPRE, explained that Guatemala annually exports around twenty horses, and in recent years “the USA market has grown, due to the quality of horses that are bred in the country”.

AGCCPRE is authorized by the Spanish PRE Breeders’ Association, which, as the mother institution, endorses breeding and certifies these horses throughout the entire world. It currently has 700 breeders and 22 associations in various countries.

“The best horse is that which combines three essential characteristics: it must have good health, elegant behavior and be functional, all this is combined in the PRE Horse”, stated Mr. Marco Tulio Pivaral.

Mare Breed Champion and Champion of Movement: Atrevida LXVII

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INTERNATIONAL

ASSOCIATIONS

The goal of this section is to provide a space for associations throughout the world, whether or not they are linked to ANCCE, whose objective is to defend and promote the PRE.

AUSTRALIA: Pura Raza Española Association of Australasia - PREAA

The first PRE horse arrived in Australia in 1973 and the Andalusian Horse Association of Australasia (“AHAA”) was founded. As this association dealt with crossbreds, as well as PRE horses, the Pura Raza Española Association of Australasia (“PREAA”) was formed by the AHAA in 2006/07 to deal with ANCCE for PRE horses only for the registration of horses in this country.

The association does not actually have members but is a service body only for breeders to register their horses in Spain.

Fees are derived from services requested by those breeders.

At this stage we only offer registration services, however in collaboration with ANCCE we offer clinics on morphology, ridden and breed characteristics. As we are a not-for-profit organization, we at this stage do not have the

funds to run morphological shows, although we are looking at ways of being able to do this in the future.

We rely strongly on ANCCE for support, especially for education of breeders and potential breeders in Australia. For the last two years ANCCE has sponsored delegates to come to Australia for education purposes, and we hope that this will continue (although we have been informed that the budget for 2009 is limited and a clinic may not be possible this year). As Australia is so far from Spain we rely on upto-date information and training for our breeders.

There have been so many politics in this country to date, but we hope that with PREAA now being the only association in Australia dealing with ANCCE for registration of horses that breeders will find us a friendly and approachable association. We

have a lot of support amongst breeders in Australia so far which will hopefully increase as time goes by.

Our weaknesses are that we are a not-for-profit association, so we do not make enough money on services to hold educational clinics and morphological competitions.

Hopefully in the future we can continue to receive help from ANCCE to help with these issues.

In the dressage circuit, the dominating breeds are still the Warmblood and the (English) thoroughbred horses.

Judges here are very uneducated in the movement of the Spanish horse, and as a result they do not score very well against these breeds.

There has been a slow change after the World Equestrian Games in 2002, and the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympics where Spain competed on Spanish horses,

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Hechizo ridden by José Méndez, owned by Macio Paulobomich and bred by Yeguada Candau

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but this will take some time yet.

The Spanish horse is the original dressage horse and has an innate ability for the high school movements. There is definitely a need in Australia for more PRE horses to compete in open competition as is done in Spain.

Many breeders just â&#x20AC;&#x153;breedâ&#x20AC;?, but do not compete their horses.

There have been a number of PRE and Partbred horses in harness competition in Australia, and they are very competitive and scored very well. There are only a handful of PRE horses in jumping competitions, although there are more Partbred horses out there.

We definitely need more horses out competing in Australia to raise the profile of the PRE horses in this country. However we are certainly seeing the benefit of horses competing for Spain on the international circuit.

When you say PRE, everyone has heard of an â&#x20AC;&#x153;Andalusianâ&#x20AC;? horse, but the â&#x20AC;&#x153;PREâ&#x20AC;? horse is still quite a new term for people in Australia. Most people have seen the Spanish horse, but thought them unattainable in Australia.

I find that people are really passionate about the breed, but because there are not many out competing in Australia on them, that they still turn to the Warmblood or Thoroughbred for serious competition. This is slowly changing but will take some time.

In general, horses are used for Dressage, harness and some jumping In Australia, there is only about %&&& %Â&#x2021;&&

| '

than half of this number is PRE and approved for breeding.

Australia is an incredibly large Q / = ' Â /

 | Â&#x2C6;

the whole of Europe almost fits into it! Breeders are mostly down the east coast (Queensland and New South Wales) and all over Victoria, with more breeders

in South Australia and Western Australia.

When it comes to the market, Australia is so far from other countries that we have been free from horse diseases for so long. In 2007/08 we were hit with our first Equine Influenza which rocked the horse industry as a whole. We are still recovering from that. Also, Australia has been in drought for many years, so sales are still lower than usual. A good horse will always sell for good money, and a bad horse will also be reflected in their price. Prices seem to be holding though.

Buyers looking for PRE horses are usually other breeders, or new breeders, or people wanting a comfortable and trainable riding horse.

Sometimes those people are ones who have had a Warmblood or Thoroughbred horse, but are wanting something much more sensible!

In Australia it is mostly young stock that is sold. It is not very usual for breeders to train a horse and then sell it, as the market is not there for this, and the prices that people are willing to pay for an educated horse do not reflect the time and effort put into the training of that horse. It is easier to sell young stock for good money.

As we do not have the funds for promotion we heavily rely on ANCCE to hold clinics in Australia.

We are placing advertisements in magazines as we can, but not enough is being done yet.

Getting horses out in competitions |

 >  > / ' especially the stallions, as other breeds do not have a lot of stallions competing at any level due to temperament issues. As we all know, the Spanish stallions have such a great temperament!

FROM El Foro THE ARCHIVES

VALIDO, owned by Yeguada Cardenas, was the 1983 Spanish National Champion

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Horses for the King of Nepal In the July-August 1983 issue, we reported on the interest shown by the King of Nepal to acquire Spanish Horses and we mentioned the visit of the Ambassador of Nepal in Paris —His Excellency Krishna Raj Aryal—to Sevilla where he could only visit some of the stud farms located in the area due to a lack of time.

Later, Mr. R.T. Hon Raja J.B. Sha, member of the National Council Standing Committee, Colonel (Dr.) D.B. Singh, the Royal Nepal Army Vet Officer and Captain R. M. Dongol, in charge of the King’s Stable, who has already visited several important stud farms in Central Spain, as well as those belonging to Jose Maria Fernandez de la Vega and Luis Rodriguez Sevillano traveled to Sevilla. In our region, and in keeping with the indications they made, they visited the stud farms owned by Conde de Oiel, Hros. de don Salvador Guardiola, Maria Luisa Pol de Nuñez, Francisco Alba Ayala, Enrique Lovera Porras, Miguel Angel Cardenas Osuna, Jose Luis Esacalera de la Escalera and in Jerez de la Frontera, the stud farms owned by the sons of Rafael Romero Benetiz and Manuel de la Calle Jimenez.

During their official visit to Sevilla, and as a part of the programmed events, the King of Nepal, His Royal Highness Birendra Bir Bikam Shah Dev and Queen Aiswarya Rajya Laxmi Devr Shah, as well as several Andalusian government officials, enjoyed a private visit to Huerta del Carmen in (the town of) Dos Hermanas, owned by Francisco Alba Ayala. The group was shown a number of pre-selected horses and their Majesties chose the horses Decidido XI and Nerviosa, both from the Jose Luis Escalera de la Escalera stud farm. His Majesty Juan Carlos, King of Spain, gave the King and Queen of Nepal another Purebred Spanish Horse named Ventrilocuo.

On the 16th of November, the horses—Decidido XI and Nerviosa, together with Ventrilocuo from the Military Stud Farm—were loaded on a truck and shipped to Paris. From the French capital city, they were shipped to Nepal via New Delhi; they were accompanied by the underSecretary, Jose Maria Martin Frías. From New Delhi, the horses traveled to Katmandu in a truck.

We hope that these beautiful horses are the seedlings for a good PRE stud farm in far away lands.

Captions from top to bottom DECIDIDO XI and Nerviosa from the Jose Luis de la Escalera stud farm.

Their Majesties the King and Queen of Nepal with Mr. Francisco Alba at Huerta del Carmen.

Other participants at the event: Rafael Roman, Andalusian Regional Minister of Culture, Jose Maria martin Cornello and His Excellency the Ambassador for Nepal in Paris.

The Kingdom of Nepal Commission visiting the Enrique Lovera Porras stud farm.

His Excellency RT Hon Raja J.B. SHAM and Mr. Cardenas Osuna and Mr. Martin Cornello.

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Speaking of “whorls” in horses Caption: ANIMOSA, owned by Francisco Alba

During the visit of authorities from the Kingdom of Nepal to several of our stud farms, breeders were extremely surprised by the in depth examination made of whorls. In other words, those swatches of hair that appear in the coat of certain horses.

We found an old treaty called Gala de Caballeros y Blason de los Paladines (meaning Gentlemen’s Clothing and the Palatine Coat of Arms) written by Ibn Hudayl, a 14th century writer from Granada, who provides a short chapter about whorls.

Even if we overlook the connections between the Islamic and Nepalese cultures, if there were any, the Arabic classification of whorls, whether understood as a good or bad omen, is provided below with each meaning.

WHORL Whorls are the swatches of hair that appear in the coat of some horses. They are as follows:

Kingdom of Nepal Commission visiting the stud farm owned by the sons of Rafael Romero Benitez.)

- Cabezo (meaning isolated hill): this connects with the lower edge of the forelock.

- Frontero (meaning frontal): it appears in the center of the forehead. If two circles appear, the horse is called “bicoronado” (meaning dual crowned).

- Mandibular (meaning jaw area); this whorl runs from the lower edge of the jaw, just under the ear.

- Conjurador (meaning plotter): this type of whorl is found in the area where horses wear the collar for charms.

- Traza (meaning trace): this type of whorl is located along the neck that runs from the ear to the collarbone.

- Charreteras (meaning epaulette): two whorls found at the base of the neck.

- Clavicular (pertaining to the collarbone): when located in the latter part of the neck.

- Rozado (meaning rubbed against): this whorl is located on the loin, in an area under the saddle.

- Cauterio (meaning cauterized/burned): located along the edge of the inter-axillar area. If there is a whorl on each side, then it is called “ventana” (window); this term is also used to describe the whorl that appears next to the chinch.

- Pica (meaning pike or pick): this type of whorl is located in the lower area of the buttocks, next to the thigh muscles.

Of all the various types of whorls mentioned, those known as “conjurador” and “traza” were considered to be a good omen, while those considered as bad omens were “bicornudo, mandibular, rozado” and “pica.” Likewise, a “cauterio” whorl was considered favorable because the horse with this type of whorl lived longer, but if a Bedouin wanted to purchase a horse with such a mark, and the owner refused to sell it, the would-be buyer would recite this fatal verse against the horse (verse 6): When a horse has a burn While under saddle he begins to sweat, Desire sparks, Exciting his passions Transcribed by Jose Mª Martin Cornello

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HISTORIC SIRES

By Jesús Sixto "Gallito"

1954 was already half way through November when our star was ready to face an awaiting audience. Álvaro Domecq, don Álvaro as he was known, at 37, after a successful career as a bull-fighter and then the Mayor of Jerez, his home town, for two years, presented a speech about the many contributions that he, as a master of nobility and lordship on horseback, bequeathed us.

It all began in post-war Madrid. It was the first congress sponsored by the national trade union of animal husbandry. As a breeder, he presented a report about horse breeding in Spain.

Don Álvaro Domecq in 1947

1953 Poster advertising the Feria Internacional del Campo (Fair)

T

hree decades have come and gone since the accusations of Azpeitia and Botín about the orientation of breeding in Spain; however, the problems Mr. Domecq explained were practically the same ones. The changing of the criteria, the continuous coming and going of opinions, was endemic in Spain. For Domecq, the organization created

by General Linares in 1904, the Dirección General de Caballería (General Cavalry Office), could be considered perfect were it not for the rotation of public office.

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“In general, each change of management has led to a change of criteria. Each change of criteria, no matter how honorable and well intentioned the reasons may have been, horses were undoubtedly the looser.”

And he assured, “[…] All actions or all plans about breeding horses needs, above all else, time.”

The intelligent breeder from Jerez drew the pathway before his colleagues: “If up to now we have produced horses with woeful concern for quantity, we must now produce

(horses) based exclusively on concern for selection and quality.”

There is no other solution. The times of producing volume for the Armed Forces Purchasing Commissions had come to an end and the prices were now falling terrifying. Another aspect of his bitter but honest analysis—once again, coinciding with his predecessors—was his accusation regarding the complete absence of uniformity within livestock herd in Spain.

For Domecq, proof of the situation the PRE was going through was what happened at the Feria Internacional del Campo (International Country Fair), in

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Descarado II, Champion of Champions and His Excellence The Chief of State Gold Cup. Yeguada de la Sra. Viuda de Terry (Puerto de Santa Maria)

the previous year, with regards to the livestock presented. The magazine Agricultura, in its report about the 1953 competition, wrote it off with the following words: â&#x20AC;&#x153;[â&#x20AC;Ś] Not only were horses with ram headed profiles, eyes sunken in their sockets, over-developed necks, sunken croups and rocking and small hocks presented as â&#x20AC;&#x153;Andalusian,â&#x20AC;? but there were also horses from the other group who vied to be placed; long-backed, with small heads, big and outstanding eyes, spreading croups and with agile vertical movement. [â&#x20AC;Ś] But even worse is that amongst those presented, there was a total absence of uniformity. Not even three horses from a lot were the same. And if you thought that this was a pessimistic impression, within the lots of mares presented, they differed most from one to another. The basis of this breed concluded the technical journalist - is totally disparateâ&#x20AC;?.

Let us linger a little long on this serious matter. There was another

magazine, which on this occasion Don Ă lvaro did not cite, that mentioned the competition; this was the the vertical syndicate magazine, GanaderĂ­a. In issue 120-121, dated June, 1953, Mr. JosĂŠ Crespo Serrano, Veterinary Colonel, published an extensive article: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Impressions of one of the Judgesâ&#x20AC;?.

Once againâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;thanks to his testimonyâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; we can verify the common deterioration the Spanish horses had suffered.

Horses boasted weak construction and poor development; light-weight and tall; fine, fragile cannon bones; and those that are known textually as â&#x20AC;&#x153;little pocket horsesâ&#x20AC;?; with no implication as to their required use.

Don JosĂŠ proposed: â&#x20AC;&#x153;We must not deceive ourselves with false illusions and let us once again replace the look of our authentic Purebred Spanish Horseâ&#x20AC;?, detailing next: â&#x20AC;&#x153;..robust, strong, energetic, free in their movement at the various paces, obtaining with this, as breeding stock, horses that are useful and that cover our necessitiesâ&#x20AC;?.

1956

To get the sector to focus on producing a quality type of Spanish Horse, it was necessary to stimulate the demand within Spain, to increase prices and hinder the entrance of foreign saddle and driving horses.

We all know that for quality to be sustainable, it has never been partnered with low prices. Don JosĂŠ left a door of hope open and as an example, he praises the magnificent quality of the sire stallions presented by Mrs. Isabel Merello, the youngstock belonging to Count de los Campos de Orellana (Mr. Enrique Granda), and the broodmares belonging to Mr. Florencio CĂĄceres Reyes, who were all participants in the competition.

At the 8th National Livestock Competition, the Puerto de Santa MarĂ­a stud farm won first and second prizes with its sire stallions, Descarado II and BilbaĂ­no III. These were two horses that were to end up, after time, being authentic parents of breed, of the

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Bilbaino III, as a 31-month old colt, October 1949

“Bocado line”, with extensive influence on the current population.

But let us return to Don Álvaro at the Madrid congress. There was another thorny matter that Domecq, always brave, brought up.

This was the crazy use, during the previous fifty years, of “improver” horses. These were, on occasion, used without rhyme or reason, and were putting the genetic base of the Spanish equine livestock in danger.

This was a fact that constituted a pernicious fashion among breeders for the exotic and imported.

This critical and open spirit of the academic, military, journalistic and breeding world was, undoubtedly, motivation for the improvement of the PRE. It has only been on rare occasions that self-complacency has engendered advance.

Nevertheless, we must also take precautions against those who, because they are rushing, confuse the part with the whole.

Faced with the national panorama, Don Álvaro, who years later would found the REAAE (Royal Andalusian School of Equestrian Art) as a monument to the horse that

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he loved, concluded his intervention with a note of thanks: “The good thing is that equine breeding is still preserved, and we owe this entirely to the Army. This is the Cavalry and its traditional and intelligent proven love of the horse, that has retained, against innovations and fashions, the bases and the facilities upon which we will, due to necessity, have to lean, to reconstruct this treasure of the Spanish Horse, which is in danger of extinction”.

Therefore, we know that this was the dust that led us to such murkiness. So, let us hit the re-play button, dress up in our country suits and go back to the crazy ‘20s.

It is unquestionable that a strategic point in the advance of breeding is, in addition to a selected base of broodmares, to have enough quality sire stallions. Improvement generally proceeds from the use of a select sire stallion on a mare base, because a female will never be offered to a male of inferior quality. The contrary is much more common.

The female resulting from this union, who present

characteristics that are desired by the breeder in greater proportion to those of their parents, begin a new breeding cycle with a select sire stallion looking for advancement, through the subsequent daughters.

Then each “Master in their own right” will interpret their own selection and breeding program; they will avoid or will wish for consanguineous combinations, in trying to fix certain characteristics, or not.

Thus, the sire stallion stations that the government provides to breeders play a crucial role in the progressive improvement of a breed. You need but to take a quick glance at the stallions that Cria Caballar currently makes available to us, to appreciate the level of leadership shown today by the PRE in Spain. As all we know, this was not always the case. Our predecessors, at the start of the century, as they saw us born, and over several decades, had to breed with a greater shortage of resources in an environment in which the PRE was not the most demanded horse, and in which the craze of fashion pointed in other directions.

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To get the sector to focus on producing a quality type of Spanish Horse, it was necessary to stimulate the demand within Spain, to increase prices and hinder the entrance of foreign saddle and driving horses

Nervioso II by Animoso II out of Nerviosa IV. 1953 Feria Internacional del Campo (Fair)

In the ‘20s, the government sire stallion stations were organized with the aim of supplying a service to each one of the eight breeding areas into which Spain was divided.

Let us analyze their composition a bit by taking 1925 as the measuring stick, and based on the statistical data supplied by Chief of Staff Lieutenant Colonel, José García de la Concha, in his interesting work, Fomento de la Ganadería Caballar, (Promotion of Equestrian Livestock), published in Madrid in 1926. At first glance, we can see a total of almost 1,100 sire stallions distributed among the eight stations assigned to each area, in addition to Hospitalet and Larache. Of all these, there were not even a hundred PRE Horses, about eight percent, distributed throughout the country. Although it is true that more than half of the available total corresponded to heavy driving breeds, where the Postier-Breton was the unquestionable leader with regards to number of stallions, almost 390 out of a total of 571 heavy driving sire stallions, concentrated principally in the Areas 3 (Valencia), 5 (Zaragoza), 6 (Santander), 8 (León) and Hospitalet.

It seems clear that the promotion of

the horse for agricultural or artillery use was a strategic priority for those institutions responsible of the equine breeding of Spain.

If we focus on the riding sire stallions based at the stations, which numbered about five hundred, we find that the unquestionable king was the AngloArab, with almost 160 individuals, followed by Arab and PRE horses, in almost identical numbers, around the abovementioned one hundred, with the Thoroughbred, Hispano-Arab and those with “three bloods” being left quite far behind.

At the risk of being too repetitive and stressing the suffering reader, who has had the patience to reach this far, I will enlarge my focus a little more so you can see how the livestock was distributed.

It was the stations that supplied Breeding Areas 1 (Alcalá), 2 (Jerez), 4 (Cordoba) and 7 (Baeza), in which eighty percent of the PRE Horses available were concentrated.

The first area, with the top brass in Alcalá de Henares, included the extensive provincial territories of Madrid, Guadalajara, Ávila, Toledo, Segovia, Cáceres, Badajoz and Salamanca.

In 1925, only 15 PRE Horses were available for that Area, which gives an idea of the effort and economies of selfsufficiency that those heroic Spanish breeders had to overcome. On the other hand, there were 46 AngloArabs, 34 Thoroughbreds, 23 Arabs and 20 Hispano-Arabs. Of twenty loans requested by breeders that year, none was for a PRE sire stallion.

In the second area, which was based in Jerez, there were 13 PRE Horses at the station, around 14% of the riding horses were Anglo-Arab, with 39 and 42% of the total, the overwhelming leader. This area covered the provinces of Cadiz, Sevilla and Huelva. Within the established period, before the end of November, 1924, thirty four stud farms had requested a sire stallion from the station on loan. Of these, five requested a PRE. The first one was Voluntario II, a Miura horse already mentioned in a previous chapter, when he appeared at the competition held at the Casa de Campo in Madrid. This predecessor of Maluso, on his maternal side, was requested on loan by the Military Stud Farm of Jerez. The other four stud farms who had made these requests were those belonging to Mr. Ramón de

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Mora y Figueroa, Mr. Francisco Lozano, Mrs. Josefa Pardo de Figueroa, and Mr. Pedro López de Carrizosa, Baron of Algar del Campo.

The fourth area was a true PRE sanctuary; the place in which the military stud farms were based, which, above all, worked on the improvement and development of the PRE as a breed. It was there that we could find Hechicero and also Voluntario. Based in Cordoba, they also covered the provinces of Malaga, Granada, and Almería. Forty PRE sire stallions were available from this station, and they finally relegated the Anglo-Arab, which numbered only 26, the other breeds trailing into the distance. That year, twenty-one stud farms requested a stallion, and there were eight individual breeders who requested the loan of a PRE to their farms. These were Mr. José Lozano López, Mr. Fernando Serrano, Mr. Florentine Sotomayor, Mr. Antonio de Oriol y Puerta, Mr. Mariano Molina, Mr. Francisco Reyes, Mr. José Luis de la Escalera, and Mr. Francisco Ostos Martin.

Lastly, the station of the seventh Area (Baeza), which served Jaén, Ciudad Real, Albacete and Cuenca, had forteen PRE Horses, a number

very similar to that of Arabs, three bloods, Anglo-Arabs… this was the station that had the best balance between the various breeds.

This brief analysis shows the disadvantage at which the PRE found itself at that time and gives even more merit to the work of everyone, whether civil or military, who believed in and set their hopes in it.

A bit of enthusiasm and some resources that ended up in Cordoba, combined with the best of both worlds, to project the PRE Horse towards its brilliant present and its, even now, still improvable future.

To pay off the debt that the stallionowner industry owes the PRE, as well as to promote the development and improvement of the breed, the military institution concentrated its resources at Moratalla. The military stud farm in Cordoba, from its base in Hornachuelos, focused on obtaining selected horses that served the stations and served the breeders in the improvement of their stud farms. It was during the ‘20s that the stud farm was able to produce the long searchedfor horse that was typical of the breed.

He was endowed with qualities that were new and important to the breed.

A sire stallion that Lieutenant Colonel García de la Concha, still without suspecting his later importance, was to describe as: “[..] a PRE sire stallion with a straight profile, of medium length, and with paces typical of the breed:” Hechicero. In that year, he was to perform alongside “Hotel.” A bay born on the stud farm and related on his paternal side (Rioboo) with Hechicero, who was also to leave us a son, “Macabro”, who was to become important for the breed.

Meanwhile, at the same time, but more to the south, a few kilometers from Jerez at the recently created Yeguada de la Segunda Zona Pecuaria (Second Agricultural Zone Stud Farm), Señorito X, a Carthusian-Roman and Voluntario, a Miura, were also to leave their contribution during a decade that was so important for the PRE. That’s enough chat for today. I will bid you farewell with the formula that Janini laid before his Association of Agricultural Engineers: “Well, there’s so much still to say, so much cloth still to cut, so much corn still to thresh that, to sum up, I will come to an end to not continue abusing my neighbor's patience.”

Voluntario II. 1908

This critical and open spirit of the academic, military, journalistic and breeding world was, undoubtedly, motivation for the improvement of the PRE

94

ANCCE

www.ancce.com

Competitions Calendar DATE July 10 - 12 July 11 - 12 July 23 - 26

CONFORMATION COMPETITIONS COMPETITION LOCATION FECAB 2009 TORRELAVEGA XX CHAMPIONAT DE FRANCE PRE BEUCAIRE X CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE PRE BENALUP CASA EQUI-BENALUP 2009 VIEJAS

July 23 - 26 July 24 - 26 August 6 - 8 August 20 - 23 August 21 - 23 August 27 - 30 August 27 - 30 August 28 - 30

ANDECAB 2009 VI CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CABALLOS DE PRE SEGOVIA FERIAL MULTISECTORIAL DEL CABALLO DE PIEDRAHITA 2009 VIII CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CABALLOS DE PRE CIUDAD DE ÁVILA IX CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO Y FNCIONLA DE BÉLGICA 2009 CONCURSO VILLARCAYO 2009 II CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CABALLO DE PRE DE UTRERA 2009 XIII CONCURSO MORFOLÓGICO DE CABALLOS DE PRE EQUIMAR 2009

July COUNTRY Spain France Spain

PUEBLA DE GUZMÁN

Spain

SEGOV

Spain

PIEDRAHITA

Spain

ÁVILA

Spain

FLEMALLE

Belgium

VILLARCAYO DE MERINDAD

Spain

UTRERA

Spain

CHIICLANA DE LA FRONTERA

Mexico

L

M

6

7

M

J

V

S

D

1

2

3

4

5

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

August L

3

M

M

J

6

V

7

S

D

1

2

8

9

4

5

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

DRESSAGE COMPETITION and YOUNG HORSE CYCLE - PSCJ DATE CATEGORY LOCATION COUNTRY July 4 - 5 CDN*** /ANCCE Cup ESTEPONA Spain MONTENMEDIO May 9 - 12 CDN*** /ANCCE Cup - VEJER DE LA Spain FRONTERA July 3 - 5 PSCJ ESTEPONA Spain MONTENMEDIO May 9 - 1 PSCJ - VEJER DE LA Spain FRONTERA

DATE July 18

TRIBUNAL FOR QUALIFIED BREEDING STOCK - TQB CATEGORY LOCATION VILLACARRIEDO TQB CANTABRIA

July L

M

M

J

6

7

13

V

S

D

1

2

3

4

5

8

9

10

11

12

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

July COUNTRY

L

M

M

J

V

S

D

1

2

3

4

5

Spain

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

For more information about the Conformation Calendar for the ANCCE Cup, the Young Horse Circuit, PSCJ and TQB to be held in 2009, consult the ANCCE Web at: www.ancce.com

96

ANCCE

www.ancce.com

APPLICATION FOR BREEDER MEMBERSHIP Complete this form if you wish to become a breeder member of ANCCE. To do so, you must be the owner of a PRE mare registered as breeding stock in the Stud Book.

OWNER: _______________________________________________________ STUD FARM_____________________________________________ BREEDER CODE:_________________________________ ID NUMBER: __________________ ADDRESS: _______________________________________________________________________________________________ NÂş____________ TOWN: ____________________________________________________________________________ PROVINCE: __________________________ POSTAL CODE: ___________PHONE: __________________________ CELL: _________________________ FAX: ________________________ E-MAIL:_____________________

BRAND:

NÂş OF MARES AT THE STUD FARM _____ ANNUAL FEE: MORE THAN 7 MARES

652 â&#x201A;Ź

7 MARES OR LESS

472 â&#x201A;Ź

PAYMENT: Â&#x2030; {}*Â&#x160; Â&#x160;}< Â&#x2039; (MARKING IT SUBSCRIPTION QUOTA), SEND A BANK TRANSFER TO THE ACCOUNT AT THE CAIXA BANK: 2100-2320-55-0200168822 SUBSEQUENT FEES: Â&#x2030; # /Â&#x201E; / Â |

> / /

QQ / X Â&#x2030; Check payable to ANCCE. Â&#x2030; Credit Card: VISA MASTERCARD Â&#x2030; Standing Order

AMERICAN EXPRESS NÂş___________________________________________Date of Expiration_______

DETAILS OF CLIENT ACCOUNT CODE Please include Swift Number or E-Ban number: Please transfer sums as requested from this account until further notice.

Dear Mr/Mrs: Our daily tasks and efforts include guaranteeing the quality of the services we offer. A fundamental part of this process is respect for the confidentiality of your personal information. To guarantee the confidentiality of your personal data, we hereby inform you that your personal information has been incorporated into a MEMBERS file held by the National Purebred Spanish Horse Breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Association of Spain (hereinafter referred to as ANCCE), with VAT and registration number G- 41071960. Your personal information will be used for economic, accountingand fiscal- related affairs and to provide informative about the latest news from the sector through newsletters/press releases sent by e-mail or traditional mail, as well as for the creation of publicity about your stud farm including it in the list of Full Members that appears on the last pages of the Magazine â&#x20AC;&#x153;EL Caballo EspaĂąolâ&#x20AC;? and on the web-site, www.ancce.com. The details could also be passed on to other magazines within the sector, for the advertising purposes. Likewise, please note that your economic details will be turned over to the National Revenue Department (of Spain) in compliance with the current legislation. Consequently, it will be understood that you have granted consent to the inclusion of your personal information, as described above, if, within one (1) month of having received this letter, you have not notified us to the contrary.

You are free to exercise your right to access, change or cancel your personal information, or express your opposition, at any time, free of cost. To do so, you may contact ANCCE at the Cortijo el Cuarto (Cortijo Viejo) Bellavista; 41014 Sevilla (EspaĂąa). Please include the reference â&#x20AC;&#x153;LOPDâ&#x20AC;? (Data Protection Law) in your letter. Should you prefer, and prior to these undertakings, you may request, at the aforementioned address, the pre-prepared request form that you can fill out and return. As you know, the quality of our services is one of our highest priorities; therefore all our efforts focus on offering you the best services. Once again, we would like to thank you for the trust and confidence you have in ANCCE.

In ________________ on_____________ of _______ de 200__

Signed: â&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Ś

Application forms are also available at www.ancce.com

APPLICATION FOR ASSOCIATE MEMBERSHIP Complete this form if you wish to receive the six (6) annual issues of the magazine and timely information from ANCCE in your home FULL NAME:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ FULL ADDRESS:________________________________________________________________________________________________ NÂş_____________ TOWN:____________________________________________________________________________________ PROVINCE: _________________________ POSTAL CODE: ___________PHONE: __________________________ CELL: _________________________ FAX: ________________________ E-MAIL:_____________________ ANNUAL FEE: SPANISH RESIDENTS 78 â&#x201A;Ź

EU RESIDENTS 118 â&#x201A;Ź

OTHER COUNTRIES 139 â&#x201A;Ź

PAYMENT: Â&#x2030; REGISTRATION FEE (MARKING IT SUBSCRIPTION QUOTA), SEND A BANK TRANSFER TO THE ACCOUNT AT THE CAIXA BANK: 2100-2320-55-0200168822 SUBSEQUENT FEES: Â&#x2030; # /Â&#x201E; / Â |

> / /

QQ / X Â&#x2030; Check payable to ANCCE. Â&#x2030; Credit Card: VISA MASTERCARD Â&#x2030; Standing Order

AMERICAN EXPRESS NÂş___________________________________________Date of Expiration_______

DETAILS OF CLIENT ACCOUNT CODE Please include Swift Number or E-Ban number: Please transfer sums as requested from this account until further notice.

Dear Mr/Mrs: Our daily tasks and efforts include guaranteeing the quality of the services we offer. A fundamental part of this process is respect for the confidentiality of your personal information. To guarantee the confidentiality of your personal data, we hereby inform you that your personal information has been incorporated into a MEMBERS file held by the National Purebred Spanish Horse Breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Association of Spain (hereinafter referred to as ANCCE), with VAT and registration number G-41071960. Your personal information will be used for economic, accounting and fiscal-related affairs and to provide informative about the latest news from the sector through newsletters/press releases sent by e-mail or traditional mail, as well as for the creation of publicity about your stud farm including it in the list of Full Members that appears on the last pages of the Magazine â&#x20AC;&#x153;EL Caballo EspaĂąolâ&#x20AC;?. Consequently, it will be understood that you have granted consent to the inclusion of your personal information, as described above, if, within one (1) month of having received this letter, you have not notified us to the contrary. You are free to exercise your right to access, change or cancel your personal information, or express your opposition, at any time, free of cost. To do so, you may contact ANCCE at the Cortijo el Cuarto (Cortijo Viejo) Bellavista; 41014 Sevilla (EspaĂąa). Please include the reference â&#x20AC;&#x153;LOPDâ&#x20AC;? (Data Protection Law) in your letter. As you know, the quality of our services is one of our highest priorities; therefore all our efforts focus on offering you the best services. Once again, we would like to thank you for the trust and confidence you have in ANCCE.

In ________________ on_____________ of _______ de 200__

Signed: â&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Ś

Breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Magazine

El Caballo ANCCE ASOCIACIĂ&#x201C;N NACIONAL de CRIADORES de CABALLOS de PURA RAZA ESPAĂ&#x2018;OLA (PRE Horse Breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Association of Spain ) ANCCE-Cortijo de Cuarto (Viejo) 41014 Sevilla Telf.: +34 954 68 92 60 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Fax: +34 954 69 03 27 www.ancce.com - ancce@ancce.com ANCCE Libro GenealĂłgico (Stud Book) Nuevo Torneo Empresarial Avenida de la AstronomĂ­a, S/N. Torre 3 Planta 9ÂŞ Oficina 5 Sevilla Telf.: +34 954 97 54 80 +34 954 35 39 89 www.lgancce.com Advertising: Alejandro SĂĄnchez Telf: +34 954 68 92 60 comercial@ancce.com Edition and distribution:

breeders and aficionados all over the world, as well as to offices of interest such as: Spanish Embassies, ICEX Offices, Tourism of Spain, etc...

www.ancce.com www.usprea.com Coverage:

world, several copies will be distributed to each of the existent breedersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; associations, for them to redistribute to their members.

Frequency: ! " # "

EspaĂąol

The PRE horse magazine since 1978

PUBLICITY

09

FEES AND FORMAT FOR PUBLICITY General Fee

FORMAT "Inside page (210 x 297 mm)"

"Special Prices For Breeder Members"

950 â&#x201A;Ź

760 â&#x201A;Ź

"Double page (210 x 297 mm)x2"

1.950 â&#x201A;Ź

1.560 â&#x201A;Ź

"Inside cover page (210 x 297 mm)"

1.250 â&#x201A;Ź

1.000 â&#x201A;Ź

"Inside back cover (210 x 297 mm)"

1.150 â&#x201A;Ź

920 â&#x201A;Ź

"Back cover (210 x 297 mm)"

1.500 â&#x201A;Ź

1.200 â&#x201A;Ź

"Half page (210 x 149 mm)"

600 â&#x201A;Ź

480 â&#x201A;Ź

"Quarter page (105 x 149 mm)"

400 â&#x201A;Ź

320 â&#x201A;Ź

"Footer / Columm (210 x 60 mm) (60 x 297 mm)"

200 â&#x201A;Ź

160 â&#x201A;Ź

"Short ad (Module) (55 x 75 mm)"

100 â&#x201A;Ź

80 â&#x201A;Ź

2.750 â&#x201A;Ź

2.200 â&#x201A;Ź

"Publicity Report (3 pĂĄginas con textos y fotos)"

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" " $ "

% yalty and continuity of the readers, at the same time as making it easier to access the publication.

PUBLICATION DATES Issue

Deadling date

Publishing date

1/09

10-15/02/2009

02/03/2009

2/09

10-15/04/2009

01/05/2009

<'

% blicity-report of stud farms because this is exclusive to breeder-members.

3/09

10-15/06/2009

02/07/2009

4/09

10-15/09/2009

01/09/2009

5/09

10-15/10/2009

02/11/2009

=

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per year.

6/09

10-15/12/2009

04/01/2010

Discounts: & ' % ; ;

" is not advertised

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" #

per year. [!\]^]`{% | ` ?

illustrated with photos and texts.