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The Portuguese equine breeding progr am was prosperous, especially along the Tajo River Valley 1, from the reign of John I of Portugal (1358-1433) until the defeat of the Portuguese army in the battle of Alcazalquivir (1578) when King Sebastian2 died. However, &RVWD *RPHV 5 0RQDUTXLD H WHUULWyULR UHVLGrQFLDV UHDLV SRUWXJXHVDV VpFXORV ;,9 D ;9, PHDQLQJ 0RQDUFK\ DQG WHUULWRU\ 3RUWXJXHVH 5R\DO 5HVLGHQFHV WK WR WK &HQWXULHV ,Q *pUDUG 6DEDWLHU 5LWD &RVWD *RPHV FRRUGV /RFDWLRQV RI SRZHU (XURSH WK WK &HQWXULHV /LVERQ S )UD\ /XLV 1LHWR LQ 5HODFLyQ GH ODV JXHUUDV GH %HUEHUtD \ GHO VXFHVR \ PXHUWH GHO 5H\ ' 6HEDVWLiQ PHDQLQJ /LVW RI WKH %HUEHU :DUV DQG WKH RXWFRPH DQG GHDWK RI .LQJ 6HEDVWLDQ FRPSLOHG LQ &ROHFFLyQ GH

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As was the case in Spain, customs changed from traveling on horseback, to traveling in carriages; it brought criticism, because it changed the way of being seen in public. It was claimed that the use of carriages would lead to the decline of knights

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Not only was their use regulated, but also the formation of the Royal entourage was established when the king traveled by carriage, which was similar to the protocol followed when traveling on horseback or in a litter

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The University of Cordoba laboratory has pioneered in Spain for more than five years to develop this technique for horses

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