Psychological types by Andrea Corradi

Andrea Corradi psychological types

This is not a real psychological test. I took inspiration by real studies, but the way the data are selected and aggregated is my own choice, and Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m not a psychologist at all. All the information about myself here provided have to be considered on this basis, even if I must admit they are quite close to reality. Consider it a game and an opportunity for me to display a data representation method I studied.

This work is inspired by Jung’s psychological types theory and its many developments. A first main division of the personalities lay on the four Hippocrates humours:

Appear as natural leaders seen as tough-minded

Like orderly lives prone to mood changes MELANCHOLIC

CHOLERIC

HUMOURS PHLEGMATIC

SANGUINE

Observe from the sidelines and tend to comply to others’ demands

Outgoing, optimistic, fun-loving

There are many ways to develop these concepts and to further classify the psychological types: I chose the one used by Discovery Insights company. Finally there will be eight types: four binded to the main humours and the others obtained as a mix of them. See the central pages for a detailed description.

REFORMER

OBSERVER

COORDINATOR

DIRECTOR

TYPES

SUPPORTER

INSPIRER

HELPER

MOTIVATOR

OB S E

MEL A N

OB S E

MEL A N

T R

C O O R D I N AT O R

PH L EG OB S E

MEL A N

HELPER

MEL A N

T R SU P P O

E R

E IN U G R

T R

OB S E

T R

MEL A N

IC AT M ER

P H LE G

R E R

E IN U G

IC AT M ER

SA N

IN S P I

SU PP O

PH LE G

IC AT M ER

DI R E

T C

V R

CH O

E R

IC OL H C ER

IC ER L OR

SA N

IN S P I

SU PP O

PH LE G

68 different qualities are plotted on the diagram, each one represented by a circle whose diameter depends on the given value (from 1 = very low to 5 = very high). The values are input through an Excel file (offline version) or a dedicated graphic interface (online version).

S A N

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

The four small circles in the corners identify the most important and distinctive qualities (focus qualities) of the four main psychological types.

E IN U G R

E IN U G

IC AT M

PH LE G DI R E

I N S P I

DI R E

T C

V R

CH O

IC ER L OR

IC OL H C ER

SU PP O

CH O R O T C

V R

E R

REFORMER

IC ER L

IC OL H C ER

E IN U G R

secondary types

SA N

main types

DI R E

IN S P I

SA N

The types in the corners are called main types; the others (at the cardinal points) secondary. In the coloured artworks the main types have the same colour of the corresponding humour.

V R

CH O T C

CH O IC ER L

IC OL H C

IC OL H C ER

IC ER L OR

The four humours and the eight psychological types are outlined in light grey on the background of the diagram: these are the coordinates to interpret the whole data visualization.

My dominant psychological type is:

REFORMER

DI R E

T R

S A N

I N S P I

R E R

E IN U G

IC AT M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

CH O R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

IC ER L

IC OL H C ER

SU PP O

HELPER

PH L EG

Evidencing gifts of both extraversion and introversion, reformers are creative and abstract thinkers who can suffer from unpredictable brilliance and conflict in strategic decision-making. Reformers have great speed of thought and their reaction is tempered by a wish to explore all possible options before deciding. They tend to get upset when found to be in the wrong and will “canvass” support for an idea long after the decision has been made. Sometimes blunt, their egocentricity may be thought overbearing by some.

On the interactive online version (see last page for details) you can insert and display your own data, and also display yours and mine at the same time to compare our personalities. My data are plotted in light red, yours in light blue, and – since the colours are demitransparent – they’ll combine together in order to highlight similarities.

IC L O H C ER

CH O

frank

analytical inquisitive

precise

egocentric

consercategorical examiner competitive tenacious vative

disciplined

focused

forwardlooking

diplomatic organized detached intolerant assertive enthusiastic persuasive energetic

independent

finicky

dependent

generous

cordial

stubborn

flexible

calm

patient

adaptable

accommodating

understanding

fair

caring

meek

lively

SU P P O

P H L E G

The infographic is based on the position given to the 68 qualities (the 68 circles): each quality is associated to one psychological type and placed in the corresponding area on the diagram. The colour density and the indications outlined in grey give a picture of the personality which is detailed and sinthetic at the same time.

indiscreet exuberant

involving participative

centralizer imprecise emotional dispersive

friendly

hasty

encouraging dynamic

touchy

sociable extroverted

optimistic

SA N

T R

strong

aggressive

IN S P I

IC T A M ER

individualist

HELPER

conventional careful

determined

E IN U G

reserved

creative demanding

R E R

OB S E

prudent

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

objective

formal

creature of habit

impartial oppressive

IC ER L

V R

DI R E

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

The size progression of the circles is non-linear, in order to better highlight the differences in colour density.

My dominant psychological type is:

REFORMER evisserppo laitrapmi

desucof

-drawrof gnikool

-reted denim

gnidnamed evitaerc

gnorts

evissergga

knarf

tnedurp

evitcejbo

cirtnecoge

esicerp

evitisiuqni lacitylana

suoicanet evititepmoc renimaxe lacirogetac

-resnoc evitav

denilpicsid

-ividni tsilaud

citegrene evisausrep citsaisuhtne evitressa tnarelotni dehcated dezinagro citamolpid

evitapicitrap gnivlovni

DI R E detrevortxe elbaicos

ytsah

citsimitpo

M O T I VAT O R

yhcuot

tnedneped

ykcinfi

tnednepedni

elbixefl

nrobbuts

laidroc

suoreneg

-mocca gnitadom

elbatpada

tneitap

mlac

gnirac

riaf

erutaerc tibah fo

luferac lanoitnevnoc

gnidnatsrednu

keem

T R

S A N

R E R

E IN U G

SU PP O

HELPER

PH L EG

devreser

I N S P I

IC AT M ER

yldneirf

cimanyd gnigaruocne

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

CH O

ylevil

evisrepsid lanoitome esicerpmi rezilartnec

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

tnarebuxe teercsidni

IC ER L

IC OL H C ER

lamrof

T R

R E R

E IN U G

SU P P O

HELPER

P H L E G

SA N

IN S P I

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

DI R E

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

CH O IC ER L

IC L O H C ER

The size progression of the circles is non-linear, in order to better highlight the differences in colour density.

My dominant humour is:

MELANCHOLIC

DI R E

T R

S A N

I N S P I

R E R

E IN U G

IC AT M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

CH O R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

IC ER L

IC OL H C ER

SU PP O

HELPER

PH L EG

The melancholic temperament is fundamentally introverted and thoughtful. Melancholic people often were perceived as very (or overly) pondering and considerate, getting rather worried when they could not be on time for events. Melancholics can be highly creative in activities such as poetry and art - and can become preoccupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world. Often they are perfectionists. They are self-reliant and independent; one negative part of being a melancholic is that they can get so involved in what they are doing they forget to think of others.

On the interactive online version (see last page for details) you can compare my data with yours even in this display mode; to distinguish the two data sources I used different textures.

IC L O H C ER

CH O

C O O R D I N AT O R

T R

R E R

SU P P O

E IN U G MEL A N

CH O

SA N

IC AT M

IC OL H C

PH LE G

HELPER

E IN U G

MEL A N

CH O

SA N

IC AT M

Instead, if there is a huge contribution by one of the boundary qualities (the ones related to the secondary types), the humour circle will move toward the corresponding Cartesian axis:

IC ER L

IC OL H C

SA N

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

IN S P I

If the size of a humour circle is built mainly by the values of the main psychological type (i.e. melancholical > observer), the circle will be placed close to the corner:

IC ER L

PH LE G

P H L E G

In this display mode only the four humours are shown: each one is represented by a circle whose size depends on the sum of all the values of the qualities associated to that humour. The information about the psychological types is not completely lost, because the position of the circles depends on how the values are distributed among main-type-qualities, secondary-type-qualities and focus qualities. In my case the melancholic and choleric humour circles overlay on the reformer area, and this is consistent with the previous data representation: since my dominant psychological type is reformer, the circles properly approach each other. The distance of the circles from the center of the diagram, instead, is proportional to the contribution of the focus qualities.

E IN U G

OB S E

V R

IC ER L

DI R E

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

Eviden gifts of both extravers Reformers are creative and abstra unpredictable brilliance and conflic Reformers have great speed of tempered by a wish to explore deciding. They tend to get ups wrong and will â&#x20AC;&#x153;canvassâ&#x20AC;? sup the decision has been made egocentricity may be thoug

RE FO

ER T R

Coordinators tend to be independent and objective, usually possessing a strong value system. They are careful, cautious conventional people who are diplomatic and sincere. They tend to be very loyal, precise and disciplined with high standards and expectations of self. Decisions are difficult to make until facts and details are available. Coordinators do not like stress or chaos and tend to be rather private, enjoying the company of a few similar people. However, if they feel that they are being taken advantage of, Coordinators may respond in an otherwise uncharacteristic bold manner.

ORDINATOR CO

S E

Observers are precise, cautious and disciplined. They are painstaking and conscientious in work that requires attention and accuracy. They have highly developed critical perception abilities and emphasise the importance of drawing conclusions and basing actions on factual data. They tend to select people like themselves who are more effective in a peaceful environment and may be reticent about expressing their feelings. They may hesitate to acknowledge a mistake and may immerse themselves in researching evidence to support their R actions. Some will see them as E V unresponsive, cool and R uncaring.

Supporters are affable, amiable, steady individuals who get on well with others. With their moderate, controlled stance they are considerate, patient and always willing to support, and help, those they consider friends. Their efforts are directed towards retaining the familiar and predictable. Supporters are most effective in specialised areas of endeavour and plan their work for a remarkable consistency of performance. They look for constant appreciation from others and may be slow to adapt to change. Supporters can become stubborn and defiant if pushed or under pressure and this may be frustrating for some others.

S U P P

Helpers are warm, under individuals who strive for with people both at work ambitious for others and m their behalf. They work thro done. However, they may take c difficult to become authoritative Ideal counsellors, their nature do not like stress. Helpers have p People come to them as they solutio

ncing sion and introversion, act thinkers who can suffer from ct in strategic decision-making. thought and their reaction is e all possible options before set when found to be in the pport for an idea long after e. Sometimes blunt, their ght overbearing by some.

ORMER

Directors are forceful, decisive and dominant people who tend to be strong individualists. They are forward-looking, progressive and compete to achieve their goals. Their purposeful, task oriented approach makes them ideal leaders. They prefer an ever-changing environment and enjoy the unusual and adventurous. However Directors can be perceived as self-centred and they may need to learn to understand the negative impact they can have on other people if they forget to take the feelings of others into account in their drive for success.

D IR E C

O T R

MOTIVATOR

Motivators have the ability to value equally results and people. They are natural participative people who work well with others. Motivators dislike detailed work but may do it to achieve a specific objective. They are good decision makers who consider others in making unpopular decisions. However, they may be too optimistic about what they and other people can produce. Motivators are socially assertive and typically good communicators, and can lead and inspire others. Some people may see them as indiscreet and often hasty individuals.

IN S P

R E HEL

rstanding and sociable r positive relationships and at home. They are may take on too much on ough people to get the job criticism personally and find it e over others when necessary. tends to be steady and they poise in most social situations. can both listen and suggest ons.

Inspirers are outgoing and enthusiastic, seeking favourable social environments where they can develop and maintain networks and contacts. They are able to create enthusiasm in others for their own cause. Verbally effusive, they are good at promoting their own ideas. Usually, but not if they are upset, they are optimistic and see the good in most people and situations. Inspirers may leap to favourable conclusions without all the information. To others they may appear inconsistent. Controlling and planning their time may be rather difficult.

CRYSTAL Crystals are known because of their symmetrical structure. In this case the relevant information consists in the symmetry break: the shape expands or contracts to show which psychological types are strongly or weakly present. Thereby symmetry represents a neutral personality, while asymmetry indicates a biased character.

CHOL ER IC

D IR E C

ER V R

ER T R

IN S P

S A N G U I N E

IVATOR MOT

ORDINATOR CO

O B S E

RMER REFO

R O T

MELA NC H O L I

R E IR

HELPER

SU P P O

PHLE G M A T IC In this display mode two types of representation are shown together: the inner light grey polygon and the outer coloured circle sectors. In the first one the vertexes represent the eight psychological types; for each vertex, the distance from the center is proportional to the sum of the values of the qualities associated to that type. In the second representation the radial lenght of the inner sectors give information about the values associated with the psychological types; in this case the information is more detailed, since

itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s possible to distinguish the composition of the types. For the main types: the contribution of the values coming from the focus qualities is marked in full colour, while the one coming from the others is demi-transparent. For the secondary types: it is displayed the separation between the left-side-oriented and right-side-oriented qualities. The outest sectors represent the four humours, whose relevance is associated to the arch lenght.

CONSTELLATION In real constellations the stars are grouped together according to their position, with the purpose to build a figure. In this case, instead, the elements are grouped according to their size, and the purpose is to let data visually speak rather than display something we already have in mind. The number of elements, their position and distribution in the space tell if a person has many or few strong and weak aspects and which psychological type or humour area they belong to. It could be interesting to compare the results of different peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s diagrams and to discover the various shapes appearing when connecting the points.

IC L O H C ER

egocentric frank

REFORMER

precise objective

diplomatic

indescreet

P H L E G

meek

centralizer

3.23

value = 1

The qualities rated with a value equal to 5 and equal to 1 are represented in this display mode. Connecting them with thin lines they look like constellations showing the strongest and weakest sides of a personality.

value = 5

HELPER

fair

imprecise

E IN U G

SU P P O

dependent

R E R

calm

value = 2

T R

IN S P I

finicky

SA N

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

careful

value = 4

OB S E

V R

value = 3

MEL A N formal

DI R E

R O T C

analytical

examiner demanding

IC ER L

inquisitive

CH O

5 21 15

Weighted average (average value calculated on the 68 qualities listed)

Value occurrence of the single qualities (how many qualities have been given a value = ...)

renimaxe gnidnamed

knarf cirtnecoge esicerp evitcejbo evitisiuqni lacitylana lamrof

citamolpid

luferac

teercsedni

ykcinfi

mlac esicerpmi tnedneped

rezilartnec

riaf keem

IC L O H C ER

value = 5

value = 4

HELPER

value = 1

value = 2

E IN U G

SU P P O

P H L E G 3.23

value = 3

T R

R E R

SA N

IN S P I

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

IC ER L

DI R E

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

CH O

5 21 15

Weighted average (average value calculated on the 68 qualities listed)

Value occurrence of the single qualities (how many qualities have been given a value = ...)

FLOWER Focus qualitiy areas are the stamens while the psychological types are the petals. This data representation could be worked in monochromatic version as well, but a flower without colour is not a real flower; moreover, the use of colour helps to identify the different types.

T R

R E R

E IN U G

SU P P O

HELPER

P H L E G

This is the last display mode I am showing: here the coloured areas are proportional to the sum of the values of the qualities associated to each type, and the shape of each type follow exactly the boundaries given to it on the diagram background. The focus qualities and the composition of the secondary types are clearly visible.

SA N

IN S P I

IC T A M ER

M O T I VAT O R

C O O R D I N AT O R

OB S E

V R

DI R E

R O T C

MEL A N

REFORMER

CH O

IC ER L

IC L O H C ER

The shapes of the different types are not basic so the comparison between the areas is not straightforward. From this point of view pag. 7 and pag. 11 infographics are easier to read; in fact the strenght of this representation is to highlight the composition of the different contributions while maintaining a compact appearance.

Project developed by: Andrea Corradi using the following tools: Adobe Illustrator Microsoft Excel Processing Paper Pen

Book designed by: Andrea Corradi using the following tools: Adobe InDesign Adobe Illustrator Paper Pen

Please visit the interactive online version: www.andreacorradi.com/about

printed in November 2012