PORTFOLIO ANDREEA TĂNASE BARTLETT SCHOOL OF PLANNING
OILOFTROP ESANĂT AEERDNA GNINNALP FO LOOHCS TTELTRAB
deea.tanase@gmail.com
Andreea Tănase MSc. Bartlett School of Planning, UK MArch. Polytechnic University of TimiĹ&#x;oara, RO In 2009, I completed my studies in architecture. Following a continuous interest in urban planning issues, triggered by both my profesional and academic experiences, two years later I decided to pursue a MSc. in International Planning at The Bartlett School of Planning, United Kingdom. This portfolio presents part of the projects I worked on since 2009, both during my studies and my collaboration with Anima Studio, RO. Please feel free to contact me for any additional information on my work or qualifications. January 2013
5
6
Table of contents
Bartlett School of Planning, UK 9
Victoria Embankment London, United Kingdom
27
Lawrence Road Regeneration Scheme London, United Kingdom
43
Transgress Spatial Plan for La Sagrera Station Barcelona, Spain Polytechnic University of Timişoara, RO
55
Urban Design proposal - Central Square Ciacova, Romania Master’s degree design project
65
Neurology Clinic Sibiu, Romania Architecture degree design project Anima Studio, Timişoara, RO
77
Contemporary Architecture Foundation Competition entry Cordoba, Spain
7
8
Professor Matthew Carmona and architect Bianca Maria Nardella
Victoria Embankment London, United Kingdom
9
LSE Aldwych Theatre
King’s College
Victoria Embankment
Somerset House
Cleopatra’s Needle Trafalgar Square
Em
ba n Bri kme dg e nt
loo ter e Wa ridg B
National Gallery
Blackfriers Bridge
Royal Opera House
Tate Modern
National Theatre
Horse Guards Parade
Victo Emban ria kment
King’s College
London Eye
Westminster Bridge Big Ben
10
Southwark Centre
p p p p
Universities Museums Theaters Tourist attractions
Overview
Victoria Embankment is one of London’s greatest lost public space, whose potential remains unrealised. Through our proposal we seek to unlock its true value as a public space, aiming to create a vibrant waterfront. Global agenda (International) Climate change
Economic recession
Social equality
Urban farming is used as a catalyst for triggering a series of urban design interventions that will transform the Victoria Embankment into a much more user friendly location. At the same time, by introducing a new activity, it adds value to the identity of the place and attracts new users, creating a social network.
Local agenda (London) Self sufficiency
City branding
Social mix
Core agenda (Embankment) Urban farming
Vibrant waterfront
At the outset an extensive analysis, covering six main components, (visual, perceptual, social, functional, morphological and temporal) has been undertaken in order to evaluate the characteristics of the area and its surroundings. Based on the outcomes of the analysis and further research, a vision built around the idea of urban farming has been developed. The goals are broken down into four major phases, over an envisioned time scale of 15 years.
Personal involvement The project is the result of a teamwork conducted over a period of three months. During this process, I was constantly involved in the development of the strategy and proved leadership in communicating the group ideas and progress during reviews and final presentations. At the same time, I designed the final version of the presentation booklet and prepared the maps and infographics included in the documentation. View of Victoria Embankment from Waterloo Bridge
Social network
11
Intensity of pedestrian traffic flows
High traffic flows Medium traffic flows
12
National Rail
Low traffic flows
Underground stations
Very low / no traffic flows
Comparative analysis of pedestrian traffic flows Tourists
Joggers
North Bank 00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
Waterloo Bridge
South Bank
00:00
Blackfriars Bridge
Westminster Bridge
Commuters
00:00
North Bank 06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00 South Bank
North Bank 06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00
00:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
24:00 South Bank
13
Accessibility
Pedestrian crossing with one set of lights
E G
Difficult crossing, more than one set of lights (very difficult to cross for disabled / elderly / push carriers in due time)
q
Zebra crossing (dangerous because of the high traffic flow) Restricted access points for disabled / elderly / pushcarries due to the stairs.
Streets without direct access to the Embankment Access via more than one road, may appear as a dead end Access restricted for some (disabled / elderly / pushcarriers) Good access through a direct street / road without any restriction for disabled or elderly persons
14
Nighttime activity spots
Theaters Pubs National Rail
Restaurants
Underground stations
Bars
15
The perceptual dimension Mind map
Structure of image
Transport Node
Path
Landmark
Path
Critical Node
Edge
Node
District
Potential Node (Underutilised)
16
The perceptual dimension of the Embankment was researched and analysed using Kevin Lynch’s mind map theory. Passersby were asked to draw mind maps of the area. The diagrams are a combination of the survey conducted by the project team.
Main landmarks
Level of perception
Somerset House
Trafalgar Square
National Theatre Southbank Centre London Eye
Westminster
Waterloo
There are many landmarks in and around the Victoria Embankment. However, the majority of people strongly identifies with the South Bank, giving it more importance. During the survey, people could come up with an average of three landmarks in the study area but could identify five or six outside of it.
Landmarks Level of perception
Bridges Level of perception
Acting as anchors, bridges play a crucial role in the way people locate themselves in the area. They can be used to locate important structures within a certain perimiter. When attempting to recall the position of the main landmarks along the Embankment, the respondants first named the bridges and then specified more detailed locations.
Levels of segregation
Visually, by trees
Phisically, by car paths
By privatised buildings and gardens
By single used blocks 17
SWOT STRENGTHS
• The Embankment has excellent road, rail and tube links. It also serves as an artery road in London • It has a prime central location and is surrounded by tourist attractions, historical landmarks and popular areas. • Its riverside location offers spectacular views of London.
Central location
Wide road
Transit links
High traffic flows
Potential river connection
Tourist attractions
Pour access
Unused spaces
History
Pour connection to the Thames
Under-used buildings
THREATS
OPPORTUNITIES
WEAKNESSES
Central location
Floodings
18
Antisocial behaviour
Pedestrian vehicle conflict
Low public acceptance
• Many visual barriers and an atmosphere of privatisation, due to the land uses and physical boundaries. • Heavy and fast moving traffic make it noisy, polluted and dangerous. • Poor access for pedestrians and cyclists. • Lack of connection to the surrounding area, the Thames and between spaces on the Embankment. • Only served directly by one bus route. • The wide road provides opportunities for changes, such as a reduction in space for cars and possibility to encourage more active methods of transport. • Pedestrian experience and quality of space could be greatly improved. • Potential for more visitors. • Under-utilised spaces. • Visually appealing, historical buildings. • Competition from the South Bank, the Strand and other popular areas to the North. • Limited evening activity means the area becomes quiet and can appear unsafe. • Social issues of homelessness and anti-social behaviour • Conflict of interests between car users, pedestrians and cyclists. • Acceptance of change - people might not be supportive.
Existing situation
Main issues to be addressed by the project
Highly dominated by traffic; unsafe; poor quality of public space for pedestrians and other users. Vehicle / Pedestrian conflicts
Poor access / Connection Reconnect the Embankment both horizontally and vertically.
Gates and fencing create isolated and private spaces.
Gated spaces Increase social interactions and activities to strengthen person-person connections.
Segregated area, unified identity.
lacking
Lack of activity and identity Bring activities into the area, create a vibrant identity.
Possible response
Create a shared user space and improve the quality of the public realm.
Lack of connection along the stretch of the Embankment and between land uses.
19
Vision Sow the seeds Phase 1: 2012
“The best way to a city’s heart is through its stomach: releasing the potential of the Victoria Embankment through urban edible gardens.”
Green infrastructure Diverse activities Economic inputs
SOCIAL NETWORK
Support diversity
Improved accessibility Redesigned, barrier free public space
20
• Introduce a farmers market in the space on top of Temple tube station, with a the aim of making it a more regular and permanent feature. • Create flashpoint attractions along the riverside. (detailed further)
Build a social network Increase social cohesion
VIBRANT WATERFRONT
• Working on the piers, this will begin to improve the appearance and atmosphere of the area. • Engage Universities and businesses in the vicinity by involving them in the re-design of the Victoria Embankment.
URBAN FARMING Self sufficiency
“Sowing the Seeds” is the first phase of the implementation our vision. It has the aim to be completed by the London 2012 games, to start putting the Victoria Embankment on a diet. These will include:
Phasing Connect Phase 2: 2012 - 2015
Put the Embankment on Diet Phase 3: 2013 - 2018
Blossom Phase 4: 2017 - 2025
Steps will be taken to re-connect the Victoria Embankment with the wider area. Key locations will be cultivated and nurtured so that they develop into popular attractions and public spaces, for Londoners and visitors alike.
The Victoria Embankment has been put on a “diet”; this term has been used, because much like in the nutritional sense of the word, excess will be cut down and habits will be changed to achieve a healthy outcome.
In the final phase, the Victoria Embankment will “Blossom” into a popular, user-friendly public space, renowned for as a “hub” for sustainable and organic food.
• Concentrate on three principle growth points: Under Waterloo Bridge, Embankment Bridge and the green space in front of the Ministry of Defence.
• The road will be narrowed, to reduce traffic and create more room for pedestrians, joggers and cyclists.
• Improve accessibility by pedestrianising some of the streets connecting the Victoria Embankment to the Strand and Fleet Street
• Reducing car users and encouraging more active forms of transport to reduce pollution and create a healthier urban space.
• Re-develop the areas underneath the bridges, to give them a purpose, make them more attractive and encourage people to use the space.
• Continue to develop the Community Garden and Farmers’ Market, connecting them with others within London so as to develop them within a network.
• Establish an “Embankment Committee” to oversee the redevelopment and to ensure that all changes meet the needs of the users.
• Identify areas for growth or redevelopment to create a housing strategy. Increase the amount of mixed-used buildings in the area.
• Expand urban agriculture onto the River Thames. • Create a self-sustaining system by selling the food grown in the community garden to local food retailers.
(detailed further)
21
Sow the seeds Why?
... because most people just walk from A to B ...
What?
... still, some people decide to use the space and jog ...
Despite its three piers, access to the Thames is denied alongside the Embankment. At the same time, there is little to do and the sitting places next to the water are far from being cosy. As a result, barely anyone stops.
There is a strong need for meeting places, where people can interact and which can attract them to the Embankment. Our proposal details a possible Joggers’ Lounge on the pier and a Farmers’ Market on top of Temple Roof Garden
Where?
The first phase comes as a statement, to show the potential of the Embankment. This section focuses on two of the points (Temple station roof garden and the pier opposite to it) 22
View of the Pier opposite of Temple Station
Phase 1 // 2012 Joggers’ lounge at Temple Pier
Remove the limits towards the sidewalk
Farmer’s market on top of Temple Station
?
Currently the Temple station roof garden lies under used - barely anyone notices its existence. By turning it into a green roof and promoting its use as a socially active space, it can become an attraction point for the people working in the area. Insert a user friendly pavement and flexible sitting places
Remove the limit towards the water and open access to the Thames on a floating platform
23
Phase 4 //2017 - 2025
Blossom The Strand
Plaza // Square
Victoria Embankment
Pedestrian street // Vertical connection
Growth Point Node // Access to the water
Floating Incubators Community Gardens
Activity programme Organic restaurant
Farmers’ Market
Organic restaurant
Selling & Buying
Farmers’ market
Consuming Visitors
Students
People working in the City
Residents
The final phase of the project focuses on giving a new identity to the Embankment. It thus aims to strenghten the connections between the Thames, the Victoria Embankment and the Strand by implementing a farming concept based on a closed loop community system. A community system aims to become a closed loop for self-sufficiency and autonomy on the Embankment. A network of community gardens, Farmer’s markets and organic restaurants helps to achieve this closed loop, with the participation of multiple actors who produce, sell, buy and consume. The main actors are categorised as commuters/ workers, joggers, local residents, Londoners more generally, students and young people, and tourists. Floating incubators The floating incubator, designed based on a barge, will be used for producing local foods on the River Thames. Once the systems develops, some of the can accommodated different usages.The systems can thus define a new and diverse landscape in London, enhancing the connection to the Thames.
Floating incubator unit
Unit construction
Community garden Barge
24
Unit programme
Multiple-use unit (fix)
Container Multiboard
Producing
Basic unit (mobile)
Youth Hostel
Concert stage
Restaurant
Masterplan Redesign Temple tube station Floating incubators Create pedestrian walkways
The piers become access points to the floating gardens.
“Demilitarise� the garden in front of the Ministry of Defence and use it for urban farming.
Westminster Pier is redesigned to facilitate access to water transport as well as accommodate different activities such as sunbathing and open air performances.
In order to facilitate pedestrian usage, a road diet is imposed on the Victoria Embankment. Temple Gardens become a public space, accommodating outdoor recreation courts and children playgrounds.
25
26
Professor Fulong Wu and Dr. Claudio de Magalh達es
Lawrence Road Regeneration Scheme London, United Kingdom
27
TOTTENHAM GREEN
Lawrence Road
Haringey Borough within London
28
Lawrence Road within Haringey Borough
Overview
The project looks at a former industrial site situated on Lawrence Road, in northern London. Having the freedom to chose the site, as the module put no restrictions, turned out to be a challenging task, especially in the context of London, where one can identity areas in need of regeneration in almost any borough. After going through several scanning processes and having a series of meetings with members of the community, we decided upon Lawrence Road. Its proximity to central London puts high pressure on the site being used for residential development. We chose to use the site as an exercise to offer an alternative solution to residential-led regeneration. It thus required a different approach in defining the regeneration strategy, focusing more on the institutional framework rather than on the physical interventions. Our proposal aimed at defining Lawrence Road as an employment site and providing the adequate institutional framework that would support such a development. The current economic context brought severe cuts in public spending and high unemployment. By acknowledging the lack of public funding sources, the proposal builds upon the leverage of private finance and investment to deliver urban regeneration and provide employment. Personal involvement Working in a team with people from different professional backgrounds ensured that all decision were taken after in-depth debates, covering a large array of problems. I took active part in all these debates, trying to synthesize the proposals and make sure they follow a logical path. At the same time, I prepared most of the drawn documentation, as well as the final version of the report. Bird’s eye view of the project site
29
Compared to London, the average local resident is ...
480
3x more likely to be Caribbean
More likely to be economically inactive
2x more likely to be Muslim
Weekly housing income average is ₤480 (compared to ₤690 for London)
3x more likely to be African
2x more likely to rent from a housing association or a social landlord; less likely to own his/her own home 2x more likely to be a single parent Younger than the rest of London
More likely to take the bus to work
30
30% less likely to drive to work in a motor vehicle
30% more likely to work within 5km of her/his home, but bike to work to the same extend as an average Londoner.
Key Economic Facts
Lawrence Road
Spatial distribution of Job Seekers Allowance claimants in Haringey (%) Source: Office for National Statistics, 2010
The ward suffers from chronic unemployment not related to the economic cycle (presently about 12%). This can be caused by barriers in the labour market (e.g. discrimination) or lack of required skills and knowledge of some workers. Inhabitants of Tottenham Green and nearby wards take up lower proportion of senior and managerial jobs, while elementary occupations are overrepresented when compared with the Borough and City averages.
Business units by industry compared to London and Harringey (%) Source: Office for National Statistics, 2010
12% Unemployment rate is 12% (compared to 9% for London)
13
th
Currently the 13th most deprived authority in all of England. This ranking did not improved over the past years (ranked 18th in 2007).
31
Land Use Patterns
32
Ownership patterns
33
Transport and accessibility Towards Hertford North
Towards Cockfosters
Towards Chestnut
Towards Chestnut, Hertford East and Stanstead Airport
Towards Walthamstow Central
Towards Barking
Towards Sheffield
Towards Gospel Oak
Towards King’s Cross and Moorgate
Victoria Line
34
Towards Brixton
Picadilly Line
Towards Heathrow
Towards Liverpool Street
London Overground
Towards Liverpool Street Railway
Underground Station
Towards Stratford Overground Station
Railway Station
Social aspects
Crime
Community Vision
In August 2011 Haringey was struck by several sparkles of riots, with looting and several clashes with the police in the core area of Tottenham Hale. As well as the other areas that were most dramatically struck by the riots, Haringey has among the highest levels of unemployment of the country.
Planning has become increasingly inclusive, participatory, and collaborative. If Lawrence Road is to thrive, it will be in no small part from the active participation from local community members and neighbourhoods.
As the MP of Haringey David Lammy has repeatedly highlighted, such sort of crime sparkles form a diffuse feeling of profound injustice, which is widely spread especially among the most disadvantaged categories. Also, despite it being a very ethnically diverse area, issues related to racial discrimination are still strong in Haringey. Another relevant element that fuelled the riots was the common mistrust in the police force, which is seen to perpetuate racial discrimination and, therefore, not representative of the community. The already high crime rates, together with the recent episode of the riots, increased social stigmatization, making the people perceive the area as dangerous. Moreover, because of such negative fame, the inhabitants are less likely to get jobs once their postcode is revealed.
During the project, we have received many emails and met with a group of local neighbours eager to discuss their ideas for Lawrence Road. These were not your typically NIMYBs. They were looking to get involved in the design and implementation of the regeneration project, not just oppose it, and even provided many contacts for arts organizations and local businesses that might be able to move into the space.
Picture of the team taken during one of the community meetings
35
SWOT
STRENGHTS Good transport accessibility Pleasant streetscape Diverse social make-up Large pool of available workforce
WEAKNESSES High levels of deprivation and unemployment High reliance on benefits High proportion of low skilled workers
Pro-active community organisations
Crime, fear of crime and social stigmatisation
Vacant and under-used buildings, originally designed for employment
Lack of community facilities, especially those aimed at young people
Absence of lister or protected buildings Public open space deficiency History of employment use Existing assets of built environment and infrastructure
36
Lack of investment in the area for the last 15 years Underutilised spaces
OPPORTUNITIES Demand for small office spaces New Localism Bill framework
THREATS Increasing pressure for change of use in the area to residential Gentrification Council unresponsive to change Central government budget cuts
Objectives tree
37
Local Council Community Interest Company
Enables Lawrence Road Plan
We have selected the Community Interest Company (C.I.C.) as the preferred mechanism to run the business incubator and drive regeneration on Lawrence Road. As the invervention scenarios will detail further on, the C.I.C will be established by the local authority in partnership with a private investor.
Phase 1
Intervention mechanism
Community Interest Companies were established in 2004 by a new UK law, intended to better allow for the success of community enterprises that benefit the social good. C.I.C.’s are easy to set up, with all the flexibility and certainty of the company form, but with some special features to ensure they are working for the benefit of the community.
Scenario A Public Private Partnership
Opposed to more traditional implementation mechanisms, among the benefits one can count several facts:
Scenario B Section 106
Forms a Community Interest Company
Phase 2
Attracts a socially-minded developer
-- Best of two worlds: profits reinvested into community, but runs more efficient that typical charities. -- Closer connections to the private sector.
38
The C.I.C. drives further changes and investment on Lawrence Road
Phase 3
-- A limited liability company. Unlike charities, C.I.C.’s can invest, raise capital and issue stocks. The profits must be used for social good.
Main intervention tools Business incubator (B.I.) Information (Business education and training, legal advising, etc.)
Provides:
Networking (Events to promote the businesses or establish new partnerships)
Facilities (Affordable rent of business space, opportunities for collaborative work, etc.)
Application form (submitted by the entrepreneur)
Space for business start-ups
Housing and community centre
While the Business Incubator focuses on creating new enterprises, there remains a shortage space for existing small business in Haringey. There are currently large development opportunities (e.g. Tottenham Hale), but fewer smaller sites, particularly collaborative work spaces. Ideally, part of the the existining buildings on Lawrence Road will be refurbished in order to suit the needs of individual businesses.
Our proposal includes a significant portion of land to be redeveloped for housing. Introducing new-build housing provides the following benefits:
As the urban economy edges towards more creative and digital ventures, smaller and more flexible space becomes desirable. Haringey and Tottenham can capture of this huge growth sector in London, and allow for its current arts and creative industries to have opportunities to expand.
Application process
Business expands (incentives are given to hire local residents) Scanning process (ensures resources are spent only on potentially sucessful businesses) Approval process (offers access to the all the facilites of the business incubator)
Possible Industries: ICT / Web Design Arts / Music
Clothing design & manufacturing
-- Funding and attracting of developers: As explained in the funding section, private housing development provides an important income source via Section 106. -- Making Lawrence Road a thriving street: new housing has a vital contribution to assist in designing-out crime and establishing Lawrence road as a first-rate urban space. -- Meeting London and Haringey’s housing need: London and Haringey are under much pressure to meet housing targets, and our proposal will deliver many new housing units. At the same time, many individuals living around Lawrence Road have expressed the need for community spaces in the area. In the second phase of the plan, we suggest a small building be constructed near the small park to provide space for community events. Currently many churches occupy the buildings on Lawrence Road and some of them might be interested in renting out the community centre for worship. If constructing an entirely new centre is unfeasible, a second option would be to arrange a land-swap with the dry cleaners which currently inhabit the attractive brick, chimney building.
39
Possible intervention scenarios Scenario A - Public Private Partnership
Scenario B - Section 106 Agreement
Local Council
Private investor
Establishes the Business Incubator // provides equipment and funding for staff salaries
Concedes most of the built space to the use of the Community Investment Company
70% of the site is allocated for residential development
Grants planning approval
Local Council
Sign a Public Private Partnership
Applies for planning approval for residential development
Establishes the Community Interest Company
Enforces Section 106
Converts part of the space into residential units for sell or rent
Rents out work space for starting SME’s at affordable prices
Establishes the Business Incubator Subsideses
Runs the Business Incubator
Private investor
Allocates 30% of the existing built space to the use of the Business Incubator
The Business Incubator is run by the Council or by a third party with funding from the Council
Scenario A is the preferred one as it provides more employment space and the investor shows direct interest in the regeneration. The financial implementation details of the regeneration strategy (phasing, costs, exit strategy, funding options) were thus elaborated only for Scenario A. They are not included in the current presentation but can be detailed during a further discussion. 40
Synergies with existing institutions
Who / What STUDIO 28
Bernie Grant Arts Centre
Relation to LR Can act as a role model for future live/ work development on Lawrence Road
Provides funding for creative business, major cultural draw for new businesses and residents
College of North East London
Establish linkages with the Business Incubator, opportunities for increased training
West Green Shopping Corridor
Lawrence Road can bring additional footfall for West Green, as it is the main connection to Seven Sisters Tube
Map depicting the existing institutions that could be involved in the regeneration process
41
42
Dr. Claire Colomb and Paula Morais
Transgress Spatial Plan for La Sagrera Station Barcelona, Spain
43
44
Location of the site within Barcelona
Overview
The project aimed at encouraging the students to integrate and apply the analytical skills and knowledge gained during the other modules to a strategic spatial planning exercise in an international context (Barcelona, Catalonia). The site transcends the city limits, as it will host the first inter-change station of Barcelona, connecting both the city and the region to the main rail links of Europe. In the first part of the project, an in-depth analysis working both at city and site level, was conducted. The group undertook a one-week field trip to Barcelona where several meetings with representatives from the local and regional authorities were held, allowing us to fully understand how the site relates into the local, regional or international networks. The proposal builds on the already existing economic networks acting in the area, part of the Barcelona Economic Triangle (Area del Besòs). Through the functions and economic systems implemented on site we aim to transgress the local, regional or national level. The core point of the intervention is a Rail Innovation Centre which strengthens the links of the site with the Diagonal Besòs site as well as with different other networks at European level. Personal involvement During the process, I acted as team leader, mediating the discussion throughout the site analysis and strategy development process. I also distrubuted workload among team members, my task being that of preparing part of the drawn documentation for the the final presentation panels (2xA0). View of the project site
45
Barcelona economic triangle
Area del Valles Science and Technology Cluster: Biotechnology Energy Health and pharmacy Nanotechnology New materials Can Sant Joan Parc del Sincotro Alba
Area del Llobregat Technology and Mobility Cluster: Aerospace Biotech Mobility Food Sciences Optics & Photonics Delta BCN Mas Blau Business Park BZ Barcelona Zona Innovacio
46
Area del Besos Innovation and Creativity Cluster: Media IT Medical Technologies Energy Design La Sagrera 22@ Barcelona Campus Diagonal Besos
Zoom on Area del Besòs
La Sagrera Once the station is completed, it will act as the new transfer hub of the city connecting several links coming from Madrid or the Mediterranean coast to the European high-speed link. In the current economic situation, there is still an open question on what type of development should be promoted for the adjoining site (around 164 ha).
Diagonal-Besòs Campus
22@ Around 200 ha of land have been dedicated, since 2000, to the development of a new innovation district. The local authorities aim at attracting knowledge intensive activities in the area, while creating a model for urban refurbishment.
Coordinated by Fundació b_TEC the campus aims at establishing a new knowledge transfer hub, enhancing the collaboration between universities and the business sector. It is structured as a research park covering three main research directions (energy, water and mobility) and it will involve three of the main universities of the city. Currently, only the energy park is working, while the other parks (water and mobility) are still in a project phase.
47
Why act on La Sagrera?
What role should La Sagrera play?
Europe
1. At regional level / international level La Sagrera station acts as an important connection point between Spain and Europe. The functions implemented on site should take advantage of its character as a transport hub.
La Sagrera
Spain
Europe
Barcelona
Besòs river / municipality limit
?
?
Santa Coloma de Gramenet
2. At metropolitan level the site surrounding the Sagrera station can act as a potential employment point. Taking advantage of its strategic position, the city can transgress the limit of the river Besòs and enhance the connection between the local and metropolitan level.
Sant Andreu
? Barcelona
48
El Bon Pastor
3. At local level, the site should act as a connection platform between the two adjoining neighbourhoods and become an activity hub.
Metropolitan // Regional area
Spain
Industrial sites Campuses to be developed as part of the Diagonal-Besòs Campus
The project aims at unlocking the true potential of La Sagrera station. By integrating the site into the some of the already existing networks of the city (Area del Besòs, Diagonal - Besòs Campus) we look to drive community and economic renewal into the area. The combination of research innovation, business support and meeting venues will provide a catalyst for Barcelona to become again a pioneer across Europe, adding value to the already existing projects.
How to intervene? Anchor points Convention Centre Industrial Clusters Research & Development Industrial sites University Campuses & Research Parks
The project tries to take advantage of the location of the site and use it as a starting point for a development framework which transgresses municipal limit of Barcelona. Through the uses we propose, we want to integrate La Sagrera into the new DiagonalBesòs Campus, whose main focus is that of enhancing knowledge transfer to businesses in the energy, water and mobility sectors. The site will develop gradually, starting from the two already defined anchor points (La Sagrera and La Maquinista). Our R&D sector focuses on Rail Innovation Systems (signalising) and we envision a development based on a collaboration with the Mobility Park of UPC, as well as a collaboration at European level. Alongside, we aim to develop small industrial clusters working in close relation to the R&D sector (mostly focused on producing prototypes and sample products). Through on site training programs, they will also provide additional working places for the people living in neighbouring areas. The convention centre addresses the position of La Sagrera at international level, building on the existing reputation of Barcelona as top choice for meetings and fairs.
Universitat de Barcelona
La Maquinista
La Sagrera Station
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech
49
Proposed Spatial Plan for La Sagrera
Green space / Public spaces Vocational training
Housing Business incubators
Retail Convention centre La Sagrera Station Student accommodation
Industrial clusters
Research and Development
50
... addressing ...
... the local level
... the regional / national level
... the international level
The project will pay a specific attention to the neighbourhood El Bon Pastor. Collaborating with several bodies that support entrepreneurship (like Barcelona Activa) it aims at providing new spaces and support for business startups. It will make complete use of the available ground floor spaces in the area. The limit between the private and the public space will hopefully become less strong and it will support the development of a more fluid space, opening up the site towards the river Besos.
By working on train signalising and speed control systems, the innovation centre will address part of the employment needs at both regional and national level. Today, there are more than 20 signaling and speed control systems operating at the same time in Europe, creating technical and interoperability barriers. The R&D sector, as well as the industrial clusters will work together with the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) to create a unique signaling and communication standard throughout Europe.
Taking advantage of La Sagrera as the future transport hub of Spain there is huge potential to develop the heart of the site into a major conference centre, attracting a diverse scale and variety of local, regional and international events, conferences and exhibitions, meeting all event requirements. Besides working on signalising and speed control systems, the innovation centre will also undertake R&D in a variety of railway fields, including transport economics, rolling stock, or track infrastructure. 51
Phasing and Funding
From European grants to Foreign Direct Investments
2012-2016 Attract industrial investors and Foreign Direct Investments
By using European funding to attract human flows, strong foreign direct investment potential can be generated on the La Fabrera site. European funding will also be used to launch CSR programmes that clean up the river Besos.
Context of crisis, limited access to credit and strong reluctance to investment. However, in spite of spending cuts, incentives have to be generated by the public sector structural change.
European Institute of Innovation and Technology - EIT promotes Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KICs)
Building the station
Leonardo da Vinci Programme funds practical, vocational, education and training projects
Advertising and communication strategy on La Fabrera industrial and research developments, emphasising public incentives to attract investment
Erasmus Programme finances academic exchange, internship, traineeship of European students abroad
Business incubators developed in cooperation with entrepreneurs and landlords within a publicly determined framework Educated European workforce adding value to the on sitedevelopment.
Private investment 52
Public funding
Foreign Direct Investments
European Union funds and grants
Public-Private Partnerships
2016-2030 Strengthen local growth and integration of La Mina Passenger service of the international station starts, generating new human knowledge and capital flows in the site.
Convention centre: publicly funded, rented for corporate uses 90% of the time paying back the public investment () Corporate Social Responsibility programme implemented in La Fabrera: training program and apprenticeship oriented towards rail industry, river cleanup program spreading among all the industries along the 17,7km of Río Besós, saving €10 millions to the government currently funding it Covering tracks: the tracks area is a designated tax free zone until 2030 to compensate for the construction costs of building and prompt and barrier free space Private investment
Public funding
Foreign Direct Investments
2030-2050 Maintain innovation and improve local quality of life through physical enhancement The necessary public investments have been relieved by local and international investors, public money can then emphasis healthcare and education infrastructures as well as physical a change of the urban fabric
Maintenance of the Convention Centre through rents paid to the public authority, this source of income allows to rise to 45% of opening time for community uses of the neighbourhoods Free vocational school program in partnership with Diagonal-Bèsos campus development Maintenance and enlargement of the park in the north and east, infiltrating the urban fabric
European Union funds and grants
Public-Private Partnerships 53
54
Professor Ioan Andreescu
Urban Design proposal - Central Square Ciacova, Romania Master degree project
55
Historical evolution of Ciacova
Population growth
56
Overview
HUNGARY SZEGED ARAD
TIMIĹžOARA
CIACOVA SERBIA
Ciacova is a small city with about 2500 inhabitants, situated in the south-west of Romania. Dating back to the medieval age, it developed in a multicultural area, with Serbian, Hungarian or German influences. The city is thus characterized by an overlap of layers, which define particular textures and spatial relationships. The project focused on the regeneration of the historical core of the city. The proposal for the city square is just one phase of the project, which also includes a proposal for the park and the former City Hall, as well as a structural and architectural analysis on all the houses surrounding the square. The aim was to resuscitate the focus points of the city (the square, the park), which are currently almost completely unexploited. Personal involvement I acted as team leader for the group working on the analysis of the historical city center and the urban design proposal for the central square. Mediating all phases of the decision making process, I helped the group define a systematic intervention track based on the results of the analysis we performed. At the same time, I managed the work load for all team members.
View of the central square
Ciacova - city limits Historical neighbourhood
57
Brief analysis of the Historical Neighbourhood Built tissue
Church GF + 2 GF + 1 Ground Floor (GF) Timisul Mort
The most important aspect is the layout of the built tissue. It shows a big focus not on the architectural value of each building as individual, but more a focus on the aspect of the built tissue as a system, thus generating several urban routes. The architectural design of all corner buildings combined the use of with different types of pavement underlines the public character of each intersection. 58
Pavement
Green areas
Private green areas Public green areas Timisul Mort
Most of the green areas are private. The only public green areas are the park and the unexploited space on the spindle shape street. The Park opened to the public in 1936, most probably following the line of the old fortifications, in an attempt to connect the river to the public central space. Due to the railway tracks, the river is no longer part of the central urban system.
Concrete tiles Cubic stone Earth Asphalt Timisul Mort
On most of the streets, the original brick pavement was preserved, emphasizing the importance the urban itineraries originally had. Each crossroads allows the passer-by a direct eye-contact with one of the city’s landmarks, thus making orientation much easier. Unfortunately, though they generate very interesting knots, now they can no longer be used as public spaces due to the car traffic.
Proposals City
Historical neighbourhood Introduce a new activity to support and promote the city
Restore the former City Hall and landscape the surrounding park.
Divert the main car route and limit the traffic in the historical center
Provide alternative car access
Develop a promenade on the river banks, to take advantage of the perspective towards the medieval fortification; built pedestrian bridges to connect the two banks.
Reduce the car traffic in the central area of the historical neighborhood,open up new pedestrian routes to connect the central square to the promenade or the aqua park.
Aquapark Traffic belt Current situation
?
Expand the public green area on the other side of the river, to become a buffer between the city center and the new functions. By its location, the Aqua park can work both on an individual basis or in direct connection with the historical city center, thus supporting each other.
?
Restore the Central Square of the city.
Public green areas
Proposed situation - connect the two river banks Develop a promenade alongside the Spindle-shape street.
Car routes Pedestrian routes
59
Central square - current situation
Though it was designed as a representative space, as an activity platform for fairs, military or religious events, due to the interventions of the 1970’s, the Central Square of Ciacova completely lost these qualities. The 19070’s intervention followed two major directions: removing almost completely the original pavement, introducing car traffic in the square, introduce new green areas.
1 v
The car traffic became a barrier between the pedestrian area, adjoined to the built front and the central part of the square. The limit is enforced by the central green area. All these interventions resulted in an isolated area in the middle of the square, which can only be accessed through well-determined points. The interventions completely changed the original character of the square, which slowly turned into a transit space rather than an activity platform.
1
N
1
Details of the built environment
1 Textures of the pavement
60
Analysis of the built fronts facing the square
The connection between the built fronts of the square was weakened. Currently, the square does not work as a complete system. Rather, each built front works individually, without almost any connection to the other ones. The most active front is the south-west one, where the commercial area is located. The other three fronts exhibit a residential character. The Post building, dating back to 1960, weakens the connection between the square and the former City Hall of the city. It also modifies the manner the park is perceived from the square – there is no direct access to the park and only a partial visual connection. As a result, the park is no longer part of the central urban system, working more as an individual element.
Gathering points
Visual connections
+ Historical value
= Structural vulnerability
Intervetion guidelines
Very high
Very high
Total preservation
High
High
Major preservation
Medium
Medium
Partial preservation
Low
Low
Deletion / Substitution
Routes / barriers
Visual perception points for the square
Active fronts
61
landmarks
sitting areas
grean areas water
1
pavement
vegetation
Central square - proposals
N N
234 N
N
Before making a proposal, we focused on identifying and strengthening the qualities of the square. The two main characteristics of the square are enforced and clarified – the mineral and vegetal areas are reinterpreted. We tried to create a flexible space, which can easily accommodate the user’s requirements By demolishing the building of the Post we try to reestablish the connection between the square and the former City Hall.
234
The south-west built front is treated as an action generator factor. The square opens towards the park and the old fortified tower. At the same time, its central space can easily be used as an activity platform for different fairs and social events.
234
234
62
Gathering points
Visual connections
SUMMER ACTIVITIES
Routes / barriers
Visual perception points for the square
Active fronts
WINTER ACTIVITIES
CAROL CONCERTS
OPEN AIR CONCERTS FAIRS FESTIVALS
SKATING RING FOOD MARKET (local products)
CHRISTMAS FAIR
63
64
Senior Lecturer Marius Hârţa
Neurology Clinic Sibiu, Romania Architecture Diploma
65
Sibiu - Historical city center Sibiu
Cluj-Napoca Timisoara
Bu
ch
ar
es
t
Cibin River
66
Cibin River
Limit of the protected historical tissue
Main transit routes
Traces of the medieval fortification system
Railway
Historical core area
Traces of the medieval fortification system
Neurology Clinic, built 1910
Historical city center
County Teaching and Emergency Hospital Sibiu
Current limits of the city
Parks
Overview
The first feeling one has when entering a healthcare facility, moreover a hospital, is that of a static element, dominated by strong functional rules, which impose a powerful limitations. Taking this viewpoint as a start, I tried to change the current perception of the clinic - that of a introvereted, enclosed fortress. The project takes two directions, acting both on the park as well as on the existing volume, with the aim of opening the site to a different type of user, seeking wellness services or just relaxation. To answer this query as well all requirements of a neurology clinic, it spatially and functionally reconfigures the building. I approached this exercise more as a typological and functional study, supposed to offer different directions of intervention. My purpose was not that of defining a certain volume or a strict functional layout. I focused more on understanding how this type of programme works and which is its level of permeability in the current social and economical situation.
67
Current situation
Lying at the limit of the historical core, the site has a strong introverted character and is excluded from the urban experience unless one is seeking treatment.
Currently, the building accommodates three different clinics, barely satisfying their functional needs. At the same time, it lacks any dedicated public interface spaces, aimed at mediating the relationship between the users (patients, visitors) and the medical personnel. The park is completely unused. There is no relationship between the building and the site.
?
The whole site gains a private character, given the strong visual limits that separate it from the public domain and the historical built core.
?
Attick - unused Neurology
Plastic Surgery
Endocrinology
Neurology
Sibiu County Emergency Hospital Site Semipublic Space
68
Northern limit of the historical core Public Space
Project site, situated on Haller Bastion, part of the former fortification belt of the city Private Space
?
?
Historical built tissue dating back to 1600 Public Space
Interventions
The building is redesigned to accommodate the Neurology clinic only and seeks to provide all necessary instruments for a less traumatic patient experience. At its own turn, the park becomes a tool to reintegrate the site into the urban circuit.
The park is landscaped to become both a pleasant green space and an activity platform. From spring till autumn, the space can be used for outdoor events directed not only towards the patients but also towards a wider range of public, thus opening the site to the city. The access of the patients to the park is enhanced though the design of the ground floor.
In order to respond to all functional needs, the upper floors are dedicated to patient accomodation, whereas the ground floor and the basement act as a public interface and treatment area for both in- and outpatients. Areas of relaxation, with a direct visual connection to both the park and the atrium, are to be found on each of the floors dedicated to patient accomodation. The access points on site are redefined, opening the outdoor space to the city.
Staff dedicated spaces
Patient accomodation
Patient accomodation
Patient accomodation
Public interface
Treatement area
Technical Floor
Sibiu County Emergency Hospital Site Semipublic Space
Northern limit of the historical core Public Space
Project site, situated on Haller Bastion, part of the former fortification belt of the city Semipublic Space Private Space
Historical built tissue dating back to 1600 Public Space
69
Main functional problems that should be addressed Unsatisfying functional areas
Intersecting medical circuits Terrace Neurology Floor
Patient accommodation Analysis laboratory Functional explorations labs Consult rooms
3rd Floor
NON EXISTENT SPACE Plastic Surgery and Endocrinology Floor
Nurse station Ambulatory care rooms
NON EXISTENT SPACE
Emergency room Pharmacy
2nd Floor
NON EXISTENT SPACE
Conference room Administration Reception area Discussion area doctors vs. family Cafeteria
Neurology Floor
NON EXISTENT SPACE NON EXISTENT SPACE NON EXISTENT SPACE NON EXISTENT SPACE
1st Floor
Document registration Waiting areas Archive
Neurology Floor Ground Floor
Locker rooms Residents’ room Medical watch room Patient status report room
Technical Floor
Kitchen Laundry room
Basement
NON EXISTENT SPACE
Laundry storage Residue storage Main storage
satisfaction
70
disatisfaction
Patients’ accommodation area
Traffic area
Staff circuit
Treatment/care area Staff dedicated area
Auxiliary spaces Study dedicated area
Patient circuit Food circuit
Laundry circuit Residue circuit
Proposals Reorganize the medical circuits by creating new vertical poles Terrace Some areas (the terrace or part of the basement) access is staff dedicated
Functionally redefine the building; extend the volume to accommodate all necessary functions The terrace becomes an area due to accommodate conferences and seminars for the students in medicine, thus emphasizing the status of teaching hospital
Study/Conference
3rd Floor The existing elevator is replaced by a more adequate one, to be used by both patients and visitors.
2nd Floor
An elevator for staff use only is installed. The food circuit is separated through the use of a moncharge system, which connects the main kitchen to the kitchenettes existing on each of the floors dedicated to patient accommodation
1st Floor
Groundfloor
Basement 1
Basement 2
Vertical flows-stairs
The attic is transformed to offer facilities for patients’ accommodation and residents’ use.
Patient accommodation
The patients’ rooms, currently hosting five to six patients are redesigned, seeking to increase the level of comfort and privacy of the users. They accommodate a maximum of three patients and have access to private sanitary facilities.
Patient accommodation
Patient accommodation
The hallways are animated by several relaxation points, dedicated to both the medical personnel or patients.
The laundry circuit is separated through the use of moncharge system, which connects the laundry to the laundry storage points existing on each of the floors.
Public interface Emergency room
Cars can access the docks from the parking found alongside Corneliu Coposu Boulevard, reaching straight to Basement 1. The connection to Basement 2 is solved through a hydraulic car platform.
Treatment/care
The first basement accommodates an area for treatment and medical investigations. This are is also opened to external users.
Technical floor
The second basement works as a technical floor, accommodating all the necessary functions (laundry, kitchen, medical analysis lab, storage)
The black circuits (residues or deceased persons) are solved by inserting a dirty elevator, which provides each floor with a direct connection to the black storage area on Basement 2. The elevator is located in a staff-only area.
The emergency room is reorganized. It has separate car access and medical circuits, as well as a direct connection to the medical investigation area.
Patient accommodation area
Horizontal flows
Treatment/care area
Traffic area
White elevators
Laundry moncharge
Staff dedicated area
Auxiliary spaces
Black elevator
Kitchen moncharge
Public interface
Study area
71
Plans Ground Floor plan 1:500 (original scale 1:100)
ACCESS POINTS TREATAMENT / CARE A pedestrian access Emergency room patients&visitors 10 emergency room B car acess 11 functional exploration medical stuff&ambulance laboratory C emergency room access 12 staff room D secondary accesss 13 information desk students&auxiliary stuff E car access Ambulatory care underground docks 14 ambulatory care room Public interface 1 patients&visitors access AUXILIARY SPACES reception area 15 toilettes 2 waiting area 16 dirty storage 3 discussion area dirty elevator doctors vs. family 17 clean storage 4 registration area 5 cafeteria 6 terrace administration 7 archive document registration office 8 administrator 9 secretary
72
First floor - patient accommodation area 1:500
A
Basement 1 - treatment / care area 1:500
2
2
2
9
9
10
8
13
14
11
2 17
2
6
5
4 17
4
18
3
12
2
B
16
8
1
1
1 6
1 10
11
1
6 9
7
4
4
2
4
5a
3
5b
B
14 15
B
B
7
A
13
TREATMENT // CARE AREA radiology/inpatient&outpatient treatment 1 CT room 2 changing cubicle 3 radiology room 4 functional exploration laboratory 5 radiologist’s office physiotherapy/inpatient&outpatient treatment 6 physiotherapist’s office 7 physical exercise room 8 electrotherapy room 9 massage room 10 staff dedicated room subsidiary spaces // staff only 11 analysis laboratory 12 pharmacy
A
A
1
5c
5c
PUBLIC INTERFACE 13 exterior courtyard
PATIENT ACCOMMODATION 1 patient rooms
STAFF ORIENTATED SPACES 7 medical watch room
STAFF DEDICATED SPACES 14 auxiliary staff 14 locker rooms
TREATMENT // CARE AREA 2 nurse station 3 treatment room 4 consult room 5 ICU unit 5a doctor’s office 5b staff dedicated room 5c patient room
AUXILIARY SPACES 8 toilettes 9 dirty storage 9 dirty elevator 10 clean storage 11 kitchenette 11 food moncharge
AUXILIARY SPACES 15 toilettes 16 black storage 16 black elevator 17 clean storage 18 car access to the clean/dirty docks in the 2nd basement through a hydraulic car platform
PUBLIC INTERFACE 6 waiting / relaxing areas
73
74
75
76
Anima Studio, TimiĹ&#x;oara, RO
Contemporary Architecture Foundation Cordoba, Spain Competition entry
77
78
Pedestrian routes connecting the site to the main focus points of the city
General context The purpose of the competition was to define a proposal for the Headquarters of the Foundation of Contemporary Architecture Cordoba, as well as a master plan for the inner courtyard adjoining the construction site (Manzana de San Pablo). The intervention seeks to facilitate a connection between the inner courtyard and the archeological or with the main pedestrian routes of the site. The building builds a strong relationship to the site. The ground floor and the basement are mostly dedicated to public functions and provide access towards two open-air courtyards. The next levels accommodate the administrative functions. From the street level, ramps facilitate the access to the ruins discovered on site. When approaching the site from the inner courtyard, to the ruins and the public floors of the building are accessed through an amphitheater. We chose not to physically reconstruct the street front but to propose a hologram system. When active, it can recreate the street front or act as a display system promoting the actions of the foundation. In what concerns the inner courtyard, we focused on creating a central green area, which continues the image of the orange orchard of the Monastery. Water is used as landmark – if the visitor follows the fountains, it can discover different pathways and all access point have a dedicated theme. Personal involvement During the project, my main focus was the design of the building, paying a spatial attention to its relationship to the surrounding site. I also participated in the discussions related to the elaboration of the masterplan. View of the project site (right hand side)
79
Masterplan
80
1 Puerta de la Tecnologia 2 Puerta del Agua 3 Puerta de la Tradition 4 Puerta de los Artistos 5 Puerta del Fuego 6 Puerta de la Cultura
81
Sketches exploring possible links to the opposite archeological site
82
Site plan 1:500
83
84
3 View of the building from Manzana de San Pablo when the hologram is active. 4 Panels made out of clay enforced with a metal structure, are used as shaders for the facade. They retrace the main public spaces of the city core. 85
86
Further information on the projects
Bartlett School of Planning, UK
Polytechnic University of Timişoara, RO
Victoria Embankment London, United Kingdom Module: Space and Place A Tutors: Professor Matthew Carmona Architect Bianca Maria Nardella Team members: Rebecca Gunn, Andreea Tănase, Sarah Windsor, Shoko Yamanaka, Michael Mintz, YouJoung Kim Period: September - December 2011 Awarded Grade: Distinction
Urban Design proposal - Central Square Ciacova, Romania Module: Master’s degree project Tutors: Professor Ioan Andreescu Ph.D Eng. Marius Moşoarcă Team members: Andreea Bînţu, Mădălina Bratiloveanu, Mădălina Maniu, Andreea Tănase, Sandra Vinge, Andrei Amzulescu, Şerban Tomiţa Period: March - June 2010 Awarded Grade: 9/10
Lawrence Road Regeneration Scheme London, United Kingdom Module: Case studies in Prepairing Regeneration Projects Tutors: Professor Fulong Wu Dr. Claudio de Magalhães Team members: Rebecca Gunn, Michela Leoni, Andreea Tănase, Michael Mintz, Petr Navrat Period: January - April 2012 Awarded Grade: Distinction
Neurology Clinic Sibiu, Romania Module: Tutors: Team members: Period: Awarded Grade:
Transgress Spatial Plan for La Sagrera Station Barcelona, Spain Module: International Planning Project Tutors: Paula Morais Dr. Claire Colomb Team members: Celine Mionnet, Andreea Tănase, Karen Tsui, Ian Gracie Period: January - March 2012 Awarded Grade: Distinction
Architecture Diploma Senior Lecturer Marius Hârţa Individual project February - June 2009 9.5/10 Anima Studio, Timişoara, RO
Contemporary Architecture Foundation Cordoba, Spain Competition entry Team members: Ioana Stancu, Andreea Tănase, Marius Miclăuş, Bogdan Raţ Period: February 2010
87
Š Bartlett School of Planning, Universitatea Politehnica TimiĹ&#x;oara, Anima Studio and the author(s) of the projects
89