SURVEY + INTERCEPT ACTIVITIES: RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS
SECOND SEMESTER CORE URBAN PLANNING STUDIO HARVARD UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN
Introduction There is no better way to quickly get to know a place than talking with the people who live there. With that in mind, Harvard inQuincy’s engagement team headed to Quincy to survey, meet, and speak with local residents. The goal was to explore resident’s perception of the challenges facing Quincy and the community’s attitudes towards numerous issues such as development, transportation, economics, etc. In-person interviews and intercept surveys occurred on Sunday, February 21st and Tuesday, February 23rd at Quincy’s Star Market, Kam Man Foods, Eastern Nazarene College, and on the street at Quincy Center. Online surveys were conducted between Thursday, February 18th and Wednesday, February 24th. In total the engagement team gathered responses from 693 residents.
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Figure 1 | Cory Berg + Mina Kim outside Star Market Source: Authors
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Methodology SURVEY METHODOLOGY We started with designing two surveys to target two separate demographics: people who frequent T Stations and Quincy residents in general. The surveys asked questions which were geared to engage residents on topics about development, needs, and strengths within Quincy. The general survey administered at grocery stores in Quincy approached these questions from a general angle which sought residents’ opinions at a larger scale. The surveys designed to be administered at T Stations overlapped to a certain degree with the general survey but also asked questions which focused on the areas around T Stations in Quincy as well as those which sought to learn about MBTA users habits of transportation to and from the station and to and from work.
The surveys were also designed with the intent in mind to make them easy to complete while capturing valuable information. As such, we consulted Ann Forsyth for purposes of getting experienced feedback about the types of questions we were asking and the means by which we were hoping to secure survey responses. Ultimately, we settled on a single page format for both surveys with demographic information being optional and asked only at the end so as to avoid discouraging respondents from answering the primary questions. The general survey was also put online in an identical format to allow for direct comparability between the online and paper versions.
Figure 2 | Inside of Kam Man conducting interviews and engagement activities Source: Authors
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of the activities at each of the locations, with the end goal of having each interaction result in a completed paper survey. Furthermore, due to restrictions by the MBTA, intercept locations were not conducted at the MBTA stations. Engagement exercises ultimately took place on February 21 at Kam Man grocery store (11am – 2pm) and Star Market (2:30pm – 5:30pm), and on February 22 at Eastern Nazarene College and on the street at Quincy Center (2pm – 5pm).
INTERCEPT METHODOLOGY The intercept activities were intended to attract attention and draw potential respondents for the surveys. They were designed to complement and build upon themes addressed in both surveys. A series of engagement activities were planned for the two different locations we had anticipated carrying out engagement activities, the MBTA stations and grocery stores. These two locations were chosen to capture residents’ perceptions of the spaces surrounding the MBTA stations as well as to garner a better understanding of residents’ perceptions of the greater Quincy area in general. However, we ultimately decided to carry out all three 5
Methodology INTERCEPT ACTIVITIES Mapping Exercise: Two maps were prepared highlighting areas surrounding Wollaston Station and North Quincy Station. Individuals were asked to place 3D models of potential development within a selected zone around each of the stations, indicating development they would like to see take place. Visual guides were provided that illustrated what each of the models represented. Once completed, a photograph was taken as documentation. Spinning Wheel Activity: This exercise was chosen primarily to attract people, particularly families with children. A spinning wheel was marked with four topic areas, transportation, economy, housing, and parks/recreation. Once an individual spun the wheel and landed on a topic, a question was chosen at random from a bowl with questions corresponding to each topic. Written notes of responses were recorded for this activity. Informal Interviews and “Dear Mayor…” Board: Dialogue was encouraged through the use of a sign that prompted individuals to tell us what they wanted from the mayor and local officials. The prompt hung behind the table and attracted individuals to come up and share their experiences in an informal manner. Written notes of responses were recorded for this activity.
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INTERCEPT ACTIVITY
INFORMAL INTERVIEWS
MAPPING EXERCISE
Figure 3 | Intercept Activities Source: Authors
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SURVEY RESULTS Q2. How many days per week are you normally in Quincy?
94%
0
1-2
3-5
6-7
Survey takers comprised over 90% of all test takers of the survey. Despite being available online, most of those who took time to complete the survey were in Quincy between 6 to 7 days a week. Around 5% of those who took the survey were in Quincy between 3-5 days a week and some of those, about 2% were in Quincy less than that. This finding may lead to a few assumptions about Quincy and its population. One assumption can be that Quincy gets few visitors, or that only those that live and work in Quincy for most of their week felt they could have a say in Quincy’s affairs.
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survey RESULTS Q3. What are your primary reasons for being in Quincy? 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
I own a home in I rent a home in I work in Quincy I visit friends or I do not Quincy Quincy family in Quincy normally come to Quincy
Other
Approximately 75% of survey takers owned a home in Quincy, while 20% and lower either rented a home, worked in Quincy or were visiting family or friends. 0% of respondents stated that they did not normally come to Quincy, leading to believe that all survey takers were residents of Quincy. With an overwhelming majority of respondents being home owners, it is important to keep in mind that most of these answers were done by those with vested interested in their homes.
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SURVEY RESULTS Q4. How do you normally travel to/around Quincy?
100
80
60
40
20
0
Car
Bus
Train
Bike
Walk
Other
Unsurprisingly, an overwhelming majority of survey respondents use private automobiles to get to in and around Quincy. That said, a significant number of respondents also rely on non-automotive travel options. A majority walk to destinations in Quincy, highlighting the importance of pedestrian infrastructure. Train ridership is also quite high at nearly 40%. Even bikes and buses, the smallest groups, are utilized by around one in eight respondents.
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survey RESULTS Q5. Please rate the following things that are most needed in Quincy by order of importance
Restaurants
Very important 49%
Somewhat Somewhat Very important unimportant unimportant 40%
7%
4%
Office Spaces
10%
49%
31%
10%
Open spaces/parks
63%
31%
5%
1%
Housing
34%
35%
21%
10%
Industry
23%
47%
23%
7%
Parking
47%
39%
11%
3%
Street improvements/ beautification
72%
23%
4%
1%
Entertainment options
50%
37%
11%
2%
Improved walking paths
58%
31%
10%
2%
Other transit paths
48%
31%
17%
4%
Cultural/artistic space
45%
38%
13%
4%
Residents heavily favored quality of life concerns when ranking the issues that are most important to Quincy. Items such as street improvements and beautification, green space, and entertainment and dining options were given highest priority by Quincy residents. Interestingly, areas relevant to Quincy’s status as an employment center were given lowest priority by respondents. Office space, industry, and housing ranked near the bottom of resident preferences.
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SURVEY RESULTS Q6. “I think that new construction in Quincy should...” Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Create jobs
45%
42%
12%
1%
0%
Increase walkability
47%
37%
14%
1%
1%
Provide housing I can afford
31%
22%
36%
7%
4%
Improve the accessibility and quality of public
52%
30%
14%
3%
1%
Bring new restaurant and entertainment options
49%
36%
12%
2%
1%
Provide new parking
38%
36%
20%
4%
2%
Other (please specify)
16%
The majority of respondents felt most strongly in favor of “improve the accessibility and quality of public transportation,” followed by “bring new restaurant and entertainment options,” and “provide new parking.” Respondents top three choices to the options selected were, “create jobs,” “provide new parking,” and “bring new restaurant and entertainment options.” Less than 28% disagreed or strongly disagreed with the options, but within those two ratings, people most often selected “provide housing I can afford,” “provide new parking,” and “improve the accessibility and quality of public transportation.”
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survey RESULTS Q7. Please rate the quality of each of the following aspects in Quincy
Respondents rated eight assets in Quincy on a scale of 1-5, with 1 signifying poor quality to 5 meaning good quality. The majority of respondents rated the following five assets in Quincy as “Good�: Transportation options, restaurants, safety (crime), parks and open spaces, and availability of housing. On the lower end of the spectrum, the following received a rating of 1: Shopping, entertainment options, physical attractiveness, safety (walking/biking), and parking.
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SURVEY RESULTS Q8. Age 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Under 18
18-44 Survey
45-64
65 and over
Census
Nearly 52% of the respondents were middle-aged, between 18-44 years old. Population between 45 and 64 years represented 39% of total respondents, while population over 65 accounted for only 9% of responses. The survey did not capture responses from people under 18 years of age. These results contrast with current demographics distribution in Quincy, in which under-18 account for 17% of the total population and over 65 accounts for 15%. Underrepresentation of these demographics groups could be the result of the organizations that were involved in the distribution of the survey in twitter and their followers’ demographic characteristics.
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survey RESULTS Q9. Race 100 80 60 40 20 0
White
Black/African American
Hispanic Survey
Asian
Prefer not to answer
Other
Census
In terms of race, nearly 89% of total respondents were white and only 4% were Asian, which shows a significant discrepancy with the current demographics in Quincy, where 67% of the population is white and 24% of Asian origin. Similar to age, the discrepancy may be a consequence of which groups had more exposure to the survey, as well as language barriers. Limitation on coverage occurred despite translating all the materials to Chinese and working with Asian community organizations.
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SURVEY RESULTS Q10. Gender
Nearly 65% of all respondents of the survey were female. This is significantly higher than Quincy on average, which is only 52% female.
65% Male
Female
Prefer not to answer
Other (please specify)
Q11. Employment A vast majority of respondents (78%) stated that they worked for pay more than 30 hours per week (i.e. are employed). It is likely that some of the people who stated that they were not employed are either unemployed or retired.
78% Yes
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No
survey RESULTS Q12. Highest Level of Education 40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
None/elementary Some high school
High school
Some college
College
Associate's
Bachelor's
Master's/doctoral degree
Respondents to the survey are mostly of higher educational attainment levels. Of those who responded, nearly 50% said they had a bachelor’s degree or higher. 33%, the plurality, said they had a master’s, professional, or doctoral degree. This too is at odds with Quincy on average where only 39% have a bachelor’s degree or higher.
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INTERCEPT RESULTS and narratives At both Kam Man Grocery Store and Star Market, several people engaged in conversations that lasted from 5 to 20 minutes. One particular issue that was not included in our paper survey, but emerged from these longer exchanges, was residents’ feelings about the changing socioeconomic demographics of Quincy. In the past decade, the Asian, Black, and Hispanic populations have increased by over 100% in each of the three races and ethnicities, in addition to a growing number of new residents moving into the city. While difficult to address in a paper survey or specific engagement activity, these extended, one-onone conversations provided a more intimate context to talk through people’s thoughts on social relations within Quincy.
A repeating theme that emerged during these conversations was a concern for social cohesion, a term that seemed to acquire differing definitions depending on the respondent’s socioeconomic background. A few people at Kam Man, including a middle-aged white male MBTA worker, expressed nostalgia for the “good-ol’ days” of Quincy in the ‘90s, but could not articulate their reasons for why that particular decade was memorable. Others at Star Market, however, also spoke with fondness for the ‘90s, and explained that there used to be a thriving commercial center with varied retail businesses in downtown Quincy. An elderly white man at Star Market, perhaps in his late 50s, offered that Quincy no longer had a sense of community due to the influx of new residents, but did not detail any specifics as to how, or why, new residents lessened community bonds. Before leaving, however, he mentioned that up until ten years ago, he was friendly with his neighbors and participated in activities with them, but that was no longer the case with his new neighbors. In another conversation at Star Market, a middle-aged white female kindergarten teacher said, “We have to take care of our own,” while discussing the lack of social services available for the elderly. She also used the word “original” to describe the long-time residents in Quincy who were being undeserved by the government of Quincy. Indeed, several people thought the elected officials were not representing the broad population of Quincy, especially the
Figure 1 | Caption Source: website.com
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Figure 3 | Community Members Outside of Star Market Source: Authors
INTERCEPT RESULTS and narratives middle-class, and accused the municipality of prioritizing new development over basic infrastructure and services for the existing community. In addition to comments about too many luxury developments, people also complained of the number of massage and nail parlors, as well as too many banks. As stated by the kindergarten teacher, these businesses do not contribute to the overall community health of Quincy, and she expressed bewilderment at the rate of new bank openings. According to her, the majority of Quincy residents do not have enough financial capital or stability to maintain accounts at these banks, and, rather, utilize the local credit unions. The topic of homelessness came up frequently, as well. At Kam Man, a Korean female beauty vendor in her late 50s talked about the impact of the homeless population on the area’s businesses. She said the increased drug addiction in Quincy as one reason for the rise in the homeless, and described the large numbers of homeless around Kam Man’s parking lots and other grocery shopping centers. In speaking of the homeless, she implied that the majority were poor whites, and remarked on their unpleasant odor. When asked whether or not the homeless affected the safety of city, she said that the homeless were generally harmless, but that the areas with concentrations of Chinese and Vietnamese contained some criminal activity. She did not specify what types
of criminal activities took place in these neighborhoods, and only said, “Wherever there are Chinese and Vietnamese, things aren’t good.” In other instances of conversations around the homeless, people acknowledged the lack of shelters for the homeless, in particular, citing the closure of the Long Island Shelter in 2014 as a reason for the large homeless population. However, other people said Quincy had long suffered from a growing homeless population, and said the municipality was not handling the situation head-on. One father we spoke to at Star Market wondered where the homeless would go once Adams Green in Quincy Center was complete, since many homeless gather in that area. Many people expressed concern that without a dedicated plan to relocate and help the homeless, place-making and community building initiatives would be a challenge.
Figure 4 | Translator Benni and Community Member Source: Authors
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COMMUNITY VOICES “Quincy has a lot of social tensions, what we need is a physical place where the whole community can get together, something like a peace park�
Figure 1 | Caption Source: website.com
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Figure 5 | Community Member
Source: Authors
COMMUNITY VOICES “Homelessness has become a big issue, they tend to hang out around the parking lots and the entrance of the store. It is not good for business�
Figure 5 | Business Owner Inside Kam Man Source: Authors
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OVERARCHING THEMES Infrastructure, Accessibility, and Transportation
Survey Comments:
Traffic congestion and concerns about the availability of parking were cited most often by survey respondents. At Kam Man Grocery and Star Market, several people aired their frustrations around the Quincy Center development, saying that the closure of parking lots at the station made it difficult for people to find parking near the T. An online survey respondent commented that transit users park in front of residents’ homes because of a shortage of parking provided by the city and MBTA. In terms of traffic, a few people specifically cited Hancock Street as a particularly congested road. Safety was another concern as people described the numerous pedestrian accidents from both motor vehicle accidents, in addition to issues around infrastructure maintenance, such as potholes and icy, snow-covered sidewalks during the winter. Overall, more people stressed the importance of vehicular accessibility, versus other modes of transport
- “Transit users park in front of our homes all day because there is not enough parking provided by the city and MBTA”
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- “Strong need for safe walk ways around north Quincy T station. It is somewhat improved but still life threatening, innocent people have already been struck and killed, it’s seriously scary” - “Improve cycling infrastructure” - “Safe accessibility to T station via Tunnel or Bridge” - “Be green” - “Trolley lines to connect the Red line to the entire city.” - “New construction needs to provide more parking spaces than they usually do”
Survey Comments: - “Prefer [city] commercial development to help with tax rate. We do NOT need another condo or apartment building” - “New construction in Quincy is usually on the edges of town and automobile-oriented (e.g. Highpoint). Meanwhile our walkable neighborhood commercial areas (Wollaston, North Quincy, South Quincy) continue to stagnate.” - “The new construction ought to be in these neighborhood centers, making them denser, taller, and more multi-purpose and more walkable.” - “More [housing] options that are family friendly. Also any new housing should be affordable housing for the elderly or disabled.” - “No more expensive condos for people who aren’t going to settle down in the area.” - “No more apartments!!!” - “Less expensive high rises, more affordable housing”
Housing and Real Estate Development Regarding real estate development, many people were extremely concerned with the new apartments and condos being built in Quincy. While a few were wary of the new residents, more people were apprehensive of rising living costs related to real estate development, and expressed distrust toward the municipality in integrating existing residents’ needs into the comprehensive development strategy. Regarding affordable housing, one intercept respondent said that it was “unbelievable the city doesn’t meet the minimum threshold.” In the comments section of the online survey, a respondent said “Make options that are family friendly. Also, any new housing should be affordable housing for the elderly or disabled. No more expensive condos for people who aren’t going to settle down in the area.” The notion of “community” emerged repeatedly in the intercept and online surveys, with the majority criticizing current residential development, and wanting more commercial development to help spur more equitable economic growth throughout the city.
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OVERARCHING THEMES Public Realm
Survey Comments:
Results demonstrated that people saw open spaces as the most important, with around 95% of people reporting that streets and open spaces as important or very important. Improved walking was a bit lower, at around 90% but higher than others nonetheless. Street improvement were by far the most important thing to Quincy residents. We heard numerous comments regarding the lack of maintenance of sidewalks and streets. In terms of urban design numerous citizens mentioned the lack of cohesion between new development and existing architecture.
- “Beautify the city and bring this wonderful (diamond in the rough) city to life” - “Enhance the historic background of Quincy; provide environmental improvements; provide a “green” gateway for Quincy and continuing into Boston; provide cohesive open space plan with connections to open space in abutting communities - “The aesthetics of a town matter, especially for those of us who live and work here.” - “New construction should enhance and not detract from what is already there.” -”Have green space, garden options - “Provide more options for child/teen recreation” - “Pave the streets and fix the sidewalks”
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Survey Comments: - “I would like to see the most is a venue for art films and or performance space, such as the Coolidge Corner Cinema or the Somerville theater.” - “Increase shopping options so don’t have to leave Q for anything other than groceries/cheap clothes/drugstore items” - “We need better retail options in business districts (no more restaurants or bars). Need more upscale retail like Derby St or Legacy Place” - “Quincy has the location to be a boom town. 4 MBTA stops, but Quincy needs BALANCE. Nail salons and Chinese food shops wont cut it.” - “Boutique stores and anchor stores (Trader Joes)” - “Seems to be a lack of coherent, aesthetic planning. There has been lots of citizen input in the past,with lack of follow through. Projects are approved with a lack of market analysis, we have extensive duplication of services such as banks, hairdressers,nail salons etc.”
Entertainment and Retail Options Results from our survey found that most residents who took our survey thought of entertainment and amenities as important, but not as important as street improvement or open spaces. Interestingly enough, residents saw the development of amenities and entertainment over affordable housing when only looking at the “very important” category. About 50% of survey takers stated that the availability of restaurant, entertainment and cultural areas as “very important”, while about 90% of them saw it as “important”. In terms of the performance of these areas, most respondents, around 30% of total takers opined that amenities and entertainment were “good” or better. About 50% of takers thought that restaurants were “good” or better. Conversely, about 20% of people thought that shopping in Quincy was less than “good” and tended to be more negative about the availability of shopping spots.
- “Provide more upscale retail options. Slow down the pervasiveness of Asian nail salons, Asian markets, apartments, and condos.” 25
Lessons learned + limitations LIMITATIONS Several issues arose when designing both the intercept engagement exercises and the survey; - Cultural and language barriers: Surveys were made available in English and one translator was on-hand for engagement activities at grocery stores. However, we learned from our translator that gathering information via surveys was not the most appropriate means of engaging with the Chinese population so unfortunately our sample size from this demographic group is extremely limited. - Participants’ Time: The engagement activities were developed with the understanding that respondents would not have a lot of patience or time. Both the engagement and survey were designed to take less than five minutes, but often resulted in much longer. Therefore, several of the surveys were only partially completed or not completed at all, although findings from informal conversation were recorded in that instance. - Selection and Locational Bias: Surveys were not administered to a random sample, but rather to anyone willing to complete one either in-person or online. Our distribution online was 26
skewed by those willing to share it with their networks and those who have access to computers. Furthermore, the location of our engagement exercises may have resulted in skewed data. For instance, given the location of the grocery store intercept, it is possible that most of the respondents relied on cars for transportation and were not aware of the spaces surrounding MBTA stations. - Limited Timeframe for Execution: Time restrictions played a significant role in limiting distribution methods and the quantity of survey responses. Online distribution made up the majority of responses for the survey, but a larger and more diverse response could have been achieved through additional intercepts and efforts to target different demographic groups. - Combination of Online and Engagement Groups: While utilizing the survey as the end goal for the engagement exercises contributed to our overall understanding of community needs, it limited the effectiveness of engagement exercises as standalone activities. When individuals had limited time, we often prioritized the survey in many cases. Ultimately, the goal of the engagement exercises was completion of the survey.
Conclusion The findings from this exercise illustrate that above all, Quincy residents have opinions and want to be heard. The overwhelming response to our survey illustrates that. That being said, the response were skewed towards a certain demographic and may not represent Quincy overall. In general, respondents were white, middle-aged, highly educated, fully-employed women who were residents of the community, the majority owning homes in Quincy. Some of their biggest concerns stemmed from improving their quality of life and experience in the public realm, particularly safety and attractiveness, concerns about homelessness and affordability with new development, and a variety of thoughts and ideas for potential future development. Additionally from our online survey and our on-the-ground activities it is evident that there exist different visions for Quincy’s community. Without surprise, younger cohorts desire more walkable, multi-modal places, while a majority of established residents want their continued access to parking and cars. The challenge therefore will be building a city that is inclusive for all; the elder; the young-professionals; the families; and the growing immigrant population.
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Annex GENERAL SURVEY SURVEY METHODOLOGY
6. “I think that new construction in Quincy should...” Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
Create jobs
Over the next few months, a team of urban planning students at the Harvard Graduate School of Design will be studying Quincy and thinking through proposals to improve the areas around T stations and throughout Quincy to reflect the needs, desires, and ambitions of its residents. We want to start a conversation with you, the Quincy community, about your experiences and hopes for the city. Through this survey, we want to get to know you and your desires for Quincy. Thanks for taking the time to fill this out and for letting us know what you think! 1. What is the zip code of your residence? ______________
Increase walkability Provide housing I can afford Improve the accessibility and quality of public transportation Bring new entertainment and restaurant options Provide new parking Other: ________________________________
7. Please rate the quality of each of the following aspects in Quincy. 2. How many days per week are you normally in Quincy? a) 0 b) 1-2 c) 3-5 d) 6-7
3. What are your primary reasons for being in Quincy? Circle all that apply. a) I own a home here b) I rent a home here c) I work here d) I visit friends or family e) Other:_______________________________________ f) I do not normally come here
4. How do you normally travel to/around Quincy? Select all that apply. a) Car b) Bus c) Train d) Bike e) Walk f) Other: ____________________
5.Please rate the following things that are most needed in Quincy by order of importance (1 = very important, 2 = somewhat important, 3 = somewhat unimportant, 4 = very unimportant)
Shopping Restaurants Physical Attractiveness Parking Safety (crime) Safety (walking/biking) Entertainment Options Transportation Options Affordability of Housing Availability of Housing Adaptability to natural disasters (e.g. flooding) Parks/Open Spaces
Good 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poor 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
Age: a) Under 18 years b) 18-44 years c) 45-64 years d) 65 years and over Race: a) White b) Black/African American c) Hispanic d) Asian e) Other: ______________ f) Prefer not answer
a) Restaurants _____ b) Office spaces _____ c) Open space/parks _____ d) Housing _____ Gender: a) Male b) Female c) Other d) Prefer not to answer e) Industry _____ f) Parking _____ g) Street improvements/beautification _____ h) Entertainment Options _____ i) Improved walking paths _____ Do you work for pay more than 30 hours per week? ( Y / N ) j) Other transit paths (bike paths, bus lanes, etc.) _____ k) Cultural/artistic space What is the highest level of education you have received? a) None/Elementary b) Some high school c) High school graduate d) Some college e) College graduate f) Associate’s degree (including occupational or academic degrees) g) Bachelor’s degree h) Master’s, professional, or doctoral degree
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SOCIAL MEDIA DISTRIBUTION: WEBSITE OUTREACH
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Annex INTERCEPT MATERIALS SURVEY METHODOLOGY
DEAR MAYOR, I ENVISION QUINCY AS !
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i n Quincy
Harvard University Graduate School of Design
MAP OF WOLLASTON AND NORTH QUINCY
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s u rv ey + IN T E RC E P T A C T I V I T I E S R E P O R T
Prepared for second semester core urban planning studio by:
andrew alesbury cory berg mina kim omar de la riva AndrĂŠs Qu inche Edgardo S ara MUELLE
InQuincy 32
Harvard University Graduate School of Design