housing studio 20132014 Department of Architecture School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi India
Š School of Planning and Architecture,
This book is a compilation of selected stu-
Studio Co-ordinator:
New Delhi, India
dent work; the result of the combined
Dr. Ranjana Mital
2014
efforts of Year 4 students during the academic session of 2013-14.
All rights reserved. No part of this book
Faculty members: Amit Khanna
may be reproduced in any form or by any
Sandip Kumar
electronic or mechanical means, including
Editing and composition:
Sonia Kapre
information storage and retrieval systems,
Aneesh Nandi
Sudipto Ghosh
without written permission from the publisher or author, except in the case of a reviewer, who may quote brief passages embodied in critical articles in a review.
Department of Architecture School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi India
CONTENTS
A
THEORETICAL CONTEXT
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4
INTRODUCTION BRIEF OVERVIEW TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT SITE
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STUDENT WORK
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Urban Intervention + housing Contemporary equitable housing Sangath Housing for all Live/ Work/ Play Mundka housing project Housing development, Tikri Kalan TOD housing project Housing scheme Transit oriented housing Varg Mixed-use housing Housing village Cityscape
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AFTERWORD
Fourth year housing semester
PAGE 1
Design requirements + criteria
PAGE 3
Primary design directive
PAGE 5
Tikri Kalan, West Delhi
PAGE 7
Aneesh, Bharat, Lokesh
PAGE 11
Preeti, Iyas, Utkarsh
PAGE 17
Abinaya, Minakshi, Revina
PAGE 23
Akrisht, Damini, Divya
PAGE 29
Ankit, Dhruv, Divya
PAGE 35
Aparna, Arkita, Prashi
PAGE 41
Nandini, Nidhi, Palak
PAGE 47
Akanksha, Uzair
PAGE 53
Aditya
PAGE 57
Syam, Udit
PAGE 61
Avinash, Vijay, Rahul
PAGE 65
Madhur, Lopamudra
PAGE 69
Vatsalya, Vidisha
PAGE 73
Humayun, Pema, Pidemo
PAGE 77
PAGE 81
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INTRODUCTION
While urbanization may be crucial to the economic development of any nation, one of its greatest drawbacks, at least in the context of our city of Delhi, has been the acute shortfall in democratic housing stock. Therefore addressing issues of housing necessarily has to acknowledge if not squarely address housing inadequacy especially amongst the less privileged. Indeed, even the privileged today have very few options! As we set out to plan the studio programme for the students in the fourth year of B.Arch course, it was clear that the Design Studio must engage with the current concerns of providing high-density housing keeping in mind the need to include the marginalized, maximize mass transport facilities, introduce mixeduse development, and address issues of equity and cost-subsidies. In other words; create strategies to house an optimum number, achieve a netzero system, reduce need for travel and above all provide for a quality of life that nurtures the best in humanity.
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Thus the syllabus mandate requiring students to attempt high-density, large-scale housing design was extended to address issues of current importance including those that involve taking sociological and political positions as well as an understanding of the significance of technology in creating an ideal architectural proposal. Design directives thus derived, it was hoped, would inform the practical with the ideological. Students were encouraged to establish their priorities and evolve their individual design briefs in consultation with faculty, after key inputs by experts, individual research and studio discussion. The studio started as an ambitious experiment with the studio team and subsequently student group committed to inclusive, mixed-use development. As the studio progressed and the programme developed it became more and more clear that all the intense discussions, hard work and soul-searching was going
to be worthwhile. A great learning opportunity for the faculty as well as students, the programme possibly brought out the best in almost every student and a well-deserved pat on the back for all from the external jury. Dr. Ranjana Mital Studio Director
1.1 model; massing + context
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DESIGN BRIEF OVERVIEW
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2.1 Shahjahanabad (yellow) vs. Lutyen’s Delhi
2.2 Shahjahanabad
One look at a map of any city will show how the greater part of the built-up fabric is under residential land-use. Taking the case of Delhi in particular, Colonial New Delhi with its stately green boulevards and luxurious bungalows effectively eclipsed the superbly relevant housing typology developed indigenously at say, Shahjahanabad. This would have been just another activity in history but for the fact that Delhi drew to itself people in unprecedented and unimaginable numbers. (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) These numbers, which we are a part of too, are here to stay and grow. Those who could afford to buy plots bought them and constructed their bungalows on them. The plots and their bungalows just got smaller and smaller till there was no more land for individual ownership and group-housing became the next-best alternative. (2.4)
2.3 Lutyen’s Delhi bungalow
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2.4 DDA Housing
All attempts to stem the influx into Delhi were at best half-hearted and therefore ineffective. While the space crunch only intensified
housing shortage and land prices went sky-rocketing right out of the average citizen’s reach, various kinds of informal housing emerged as a solution for a dire necessity. (2.5, 2.6) This was inevitable and would have been acceptable but for the rampant disregard for all laws including those relating to safety and health. Eventually the development authorities had to address the situation and have resorted to re-densifying areas in New Delhi that are government owned and have lesser people per acre than their surrounding areas; converting what was once industrial area for residential use is also a strategy that has been adopted as also developing far-flung areas like Tikri Kalan. (2.7) Individuals/groups belonging to different economic categories were identified, and used as target-clients for the various unit types devised in the programme. The distribution of unit type was left to the group’s discretion. Under the above circumstances we were to make a high-density (400-450 dwelling units per hectare) housing proposal for the site at Tikri Kalan (which is part of the proposed Rohtak Road TOD corridor). The early studio exercises focused
on creating ideal dwelling units and clusters independent of site; to understand the impact of numbers (FAR, Ground coverage, Density, Open area / person) on the built volume. This allowed creation of a coherent picture of the multi-functional and shared open spaces, efficient circulation cores and proportions of livable spaces. The consequent studios encouraged the selection of a broad, conceptual goal for each group, which would be realized in tandem with practical concerns of structural systems, serviceability, and efficiency. Students were expected to communicate their design intentions diagrams and charts, drawings and scale models. Exercises were representationspecific, for instance the street-edge conditions were developed in section, and the urban form was discussed and graded on the basis of massing models. (2.8) Relevant codes/standards/ guidelines/bye-laws were adopted and adapted after deliberations in studio, creating a checklist of do’s and don’ts that formed the minimum criteria for the proposal. This was to ensure a certain quality of life that otherwise suffers in the quest for high-density housing, some factors
2.5 housing shortage vs. economic class
2.6 household size distribution
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A
as basic as light and ventilation. Thus the onus was on developing a sensitive and relevant proposal and presenting it convincingly.
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2.7 income group distribution across dwelling units
2.8 design guideline diagrams
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The expectations and objectives of this design studio were to create an awareness and appreciation of quality of design in housing schemes; understanding and implementing the terms, ‘livability’ and ‘sustainability’ in the urban context; creating an energy-efficient and climateresponsive architectural solution; all the while keeping in mind the impact of development norms, planning policies, building regulations and the like. Case studies to complement holiday assignment given previously also informed the process of formulating the brief.
2.9 summation of the brief ’s ambition
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TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT
TOD is a comprehensive and over arching compilation of urban design guidelines by the UTTIPEC (Unified Traffic and Transport infrastructure (Planning& Engineering) Centre, Delhi Development Authority).
corridors - a region of high-density movement which can be tapped by a variety of high‐density, mixed‐use, mixed‐income buildings, within a short distance of a rapid public transport network.
The basic tenet of this is an egalitarian, inclusive, and sustainable approach to planning, something that’s sorely missing in our metropolitan cities; where people live at point A, work at point B, go to shop at point C creating a fundamentally disjoint system that only serves to increase traffic load.
80% of trips in Delhi are below 10km. The existing transport network fails to address this, because it forces the traffic to depend on major arterial roads even for short local trips. Blocks and plot sizes, due to current norms, are large and do not encourage walking. A finer street network would increase connectivity.
With TOD; public transport, mixed use developments, permeable public spaces come together to form a city. Mixed use development allows A, B, C to coexist in the same city block, which can mean walking/ cycling to work. It does not make these blocks insular, it just creates more homogeneity in the bigger picture.
The existing housing stock in Delhi ignores the multitudes in favour of the rich; as is apparent from the graph. The poor are banished to the edges of the city, into resettlement colonies which lack basic necessities, and they are forced to commute >15 km.
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TOD wishes to amend the MPD (Delhi master plan 2021) by introducing the concept of transit
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TOD proposes amenities and housing for low income groups near transit facilities, and adjacent to mid/high income groups. This can be achieved
by stipulating a minimum % of low income housing in private developments. Higher density clusters would be present within pre‐specified zones near transit stations to encourage more people to use public transport, and limit urban sprawl. For example, at least 30% residential and 20% commercial and institutional use (including minimum 5% commercial and minimum 5% institutional use) of Floor Area Ratio is mandatory in every new or redevelopment project within the TOD influence zone. Architecturally, the built environment of the city is challenged by TOD. Instead of the current ‘block in plot’ scenario, built-to-edge buildings are encouraged. This is at the cost of increasing ground coverage, but it creates an urban edge that can be made commercial. In order to facilitate round‐the‐clock safety and vibrancy of the neighbourhood, it should have mix of at least two types of uses with different peak hours of activity: i.e. Residential + Civic, or, Residential +Commercial.
To minimise energy dependency, TOD gives certain regulations, -such as the minimum 2 hour solar access on winter solstice for every dwelling unit. It also discourages doubly- loaded clusters, to minimise cross ventilation and daylighting loss. It also gives floor depth size and height restrictions. 3.1 MPD transit corridors
3.2 graph comparing average monthly income to current housing availability
3.3 conventional block vs TOD block
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A
SITE: TIKRI KALAN, WEST DELHI
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Tikri Kalan is a Thesil village in the West Delhi district of the National Capital Region. It is 12km west of the district headquarters of Rajouri Gardens, and 29km from the centre of the city. (4.1, 4.2)
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4.1 location of site
4.2 3D view; massing + context 9
The urban village comprises of low rise settlements; with light industrial zones at the periphery. There are large open tracts of land converted into banquet areas. Residents of the area are primarily resettlers from slums from various parts of Delhi. The current context of Tikri Kalan isn’t as important as its potential - It lies along the west TOD corridor, on the Rohtak highway, and adjacent to proposed metro stations on the red line. The population of Delhi has grown by 70% in the last 12 years, and is expected to grow. A further rise by 47% is expected over the next 8 years. The chief factor for such rapid growth is migration to urbanity from smaller towns and cities. In terms of area too, Delhi is slowly expanding, taking up satellite cities as it does so.
This semi-urban, semi-industrial settlement on the edge of Delhi gives us a clean slate in terms of addressing the key concerns of TOD - inculcating various srategies of inclusivity, mixed use, and sustainability from the ground-up, becoming a strategy that inspires by example -- on top of being a pertinent and pre-emptive act of anticipating future housing needs. The large plot has been divided into three equivalent blocks of ~8 hectare land, surrounded by 25m right of way. The road on the right is a tree-lined boulevard proposed by the UTTIPEC. (4.4)
4.3 location of site
4.5 site photograph; built
4.4 site plan
4.6 site photograph; unbuilt 10
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URBAN INTERVENTION +
Aneesh Nandi Bharat Agarwal Lokesh Singh
HOUSING Site 3; 7.8 ha Du/h: 420 ground coverage: 35% F.A.R: 2.9
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Housing the multitudes meant deviating slightly from the studio brief ’s numbers. Broadly, we dedicated 70% of our units to the small and shared accommodation type (1.19), leaving 25% for medium sized units (1.20, 1.21) and 5% for large units (1.22). This was to break away from the cycle of damage-control and instead act in an anticipatory manner -- by providing for future housing needs today. The balance between built and open usually results in one overpowering the other; in our scheme the open space is not an ambiguous negative of the built. (1.1, 1.2, 1.13)
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We chose the third site because of its adjacency to the boulevard. This, combined with the fact that all edges were surrounded by activity (the village on two, and another housing project in one) meant that we could have commercial zones on all edges. (1.2, 1.3).
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1.1 model; south-west corner
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(1.2) The planning shuns vehicles by creating dead-end streets; however each cluster is serviced by streets on 3 sides. The central, mostly uninterrupted open space acts as a green spine, that can be used by residents, villagers, pedestrians to access the boulevard. The pathway is intentionally jagged; not allowing for direct visual connection. The pedestrian is--
1.2 site plan
1.3 landuse; red: commercial, blue: institutional, yellow: community activity
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1.4 section; through cluster 2
1.5 section (1.4) detail
1.7 section; through cluster 1
1.8 section (1.7) detail
1.10 section; through cluster 1
1.11 section (1.10) detail
1.6 section (1.4) detail
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1.9 section (1.7) detail
1.12 model; porosity at ground; voids+terraces
1.13 model; top-down view
drawn through a series of ‘transition’ commercial spaces to ‘plaza’ spaces, a connection made more obvious with the help of voids in lower floors of the clusters. (1.2, 1.12)
blocks at the corners of the cluster. (1.7, 1.9, 1.10). They have doubleloaded corridors with frequent terraces to let in natural light and ventilation. (1.12)
This, is the proposal giving back to the city -- especially relevant since housing projects usually create fenced islands that are inaccessible to the non-resident.
The elements that make up a cluster are modular in nature (1.14) allowing for organizational flexibility. Cluster 1 is made up of three such elements mid-rise (G+15) blocks on the edges containing the duplex units (1.16; orange corridor; 1.19, 1.20), and the low-rise (G+5) blocks; single room shared bath units block (1.16; yellow corridor, 1.18) and the single room with attached bath units block (1.16; green-corridor, 1.18)
Derived from a city block, the average cluster is 60m wide, and encloses an open space. Simply extruding this volume would make the open redundant; but since verticality is a necessity, our proposal only has taller
This cluster is essentially a series of blocks linked with a common corridor (1.16; blue-cores). The ground floor is made up of commercial or community space, creating opportunity and activity. (1.8, 1.11) Certain clusters (1.17, 1.15) have been developed for places on the site which command a larger percentage of transient footfall (along the road cutting across the site, and the boulevard). These can potentially become business, employment, institutional, commercial urban centres. (1.4, 1.5, 1.6). This cluster also houses the large unit types. (1.21)
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1.14 key siteplan showing modularity of clusters, and its components
1.15 key siteplan showing various clusters
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1.16 cluster 1; typical floor plan
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1.17 cluster 2; typical floor plan
1.18 cluster 1; small units left: single room with shared toilet units along with dorm units right: single room with attached toilet unit
1.19 cluster 1; medium units left: studio unit right: 2 bedroom duplex unit (lower, upper)
1.20 cluster 1; medium units 3 bedroom duplex unit (lower, upper)
1.21 cluster 2; large units left: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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CONTEMPORARY EQUITABLE
S. Preeti Iyas Muhammed Utkarsh Vibhute
HOUSING Site 3; 7.8 ha Du/h: 440 ground coverage: 28% F.A.R: 2.80
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2.1 model; south-east corner
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The primary concern was the integration between the housing complex and the urban village. This has been achieved by a variety of means, and has been the primary generator of massing. (2.1, 2.4) Height gradation- the blocks slope down towards Tikri village -- on both west and south faces, to connect volumetrically with the built form of the village.
2.2 site plan
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2.3 model; top-down view
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sdasasfafs
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2.4 site sections; top: longitudinal; bottom: transverse
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The housing development aims to be a neighbourhood centre with retail, employment and civic / cultural functions. The third site was chosen for its proximity to the village, and the boulevard; ensuring maximum interaction with this context.
interconnected - unifying the housing scheme.
as pockets of space for the residents and villagers both.
The 3-sided courtyard forming U shaped clusters gives a sense of the ownership of the open space to the residents.
In the site plan (2.2) and the bottom two diagrams (2.5), we see the relationship between built and open: all the interior public spaces are
(2.5) (top) In these series of diagrams we see the street edge staggering inwards; linking them to commercial areas in the complex. This is to serve
In terms of movement, vehicular traffic has been given access to service each cluster; however it does not interrupt the consolidated interior space.
2.5 diagrams
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There are four clusters (2.7; 1, 2, 3, 4)and six kinds of dwelling units (2.6; A, B, C, D, E, F). Each cluster gets a combination of types of each dwelling unit; to promote inclusivity in each scheme. The unit type prefix denotes the cluster it belongs to; for eg. 2A belongs to cluster 2 .
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2.6 relative sizes + number of dwelling units
2.7 key siteplan showing various clusters
2.8 cluster 1; typical floor plan
2.9 cluster 2; typical floor plan
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2.10 cluster 3; typical floor plan
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2.11 cluster 4; typical floor plan
2.12 units 1A; 2A studio units
2.13 units 1B; 2B; 3B one bedroom units
2.14 units 1C; 2C; 3C two bedroom units
2.15 unit 3D three bedroom unit
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SANGATH: TIKRI KALAN
Abinaya K. Minakshi Mohanta Revina Soni
To arrive at a robust, pedestrianfriendly inclusive housing scheme; a thorough, step-by-step process was used.
Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 450 ground coverage: 60% F.A.R: 3
The overall built form creates a hierarchy of open spaces culminating at the centre plaza; and a dynamic variety of urban environments interspersed between the clusters. (3.2)
HOUSING 1
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3.1 model; south side
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3.2 site plan
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Movement was studied first, creating a road + pedestrian network (3.3), at the nodes and internodes of which public/ community functions are located. Vehicular access is via radials around clusters.
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Built and open were zoned on site, in a strategic manner - open enveloped by built to prevent encroachment of public space; also forming a major E-W pedestrian axis. (3.3; 3.2).
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3.3 pedestrian movement vs vehicular movement
In the built envelope, landuse functions were assigned depending on its location and proximity to nodes. The western tip, close to the village, was chosen as a commercial zone.
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Mixed use was encouraged and thus variety in the vertical zoning was also explored. Commercial units serve to implement ‘eyes on street’ concept.
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The taller, denser volume has been placed at the centre, keeping the low rises at the periphery to ensure equal access to light and air. (3.4; 3.6)
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3.4 3D view; south-west corner
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3.5 model; view over central square
3.6 site sections; top: transverse; bottom: longitudinal
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The different clusters in this scheme form microcosms; self sufficient units with discrete commercial, institutional, community and residential spaces. The central cluster, for example, has the school and community multi-purpose hall (3.9, shown in blue). In the elevation, (3.12) we can see how the volumetric articulation creates public spaces at and above ground level. The residential units (3.13; 3.14) make up all the clusters.
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3.7 key siteplan showing various clusters
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3.8 cluster 1; ground floor plan
3.9 cluster 2; ground floor plan
3.10 cluster 3; ground floor plan
3.11 cluster 4; ground floor plan
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3.12 cluster 2; elevation
3.13 1 bedroom units
3.14 3, 2 bedroom units
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HOUSING FOR
Akrisht Pandey Damini Rathi Divya Singh
ALL Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 500 ground coverage: 31% F.A.R: 2.6
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This housing development creates democratic living conditions- with affordable, inclusive dwelling units in a cohesive, socially interactive arrangement. The green link - all the park and soft paved roads (4.2, 4.6) are interconnected, facilitating pedestrian movement within the site, as well as reducing rainwater run-off.
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4.1 3D view; south-west corner
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4.2 site plan
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4.3 3D view; movement corridor 7
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4.4 proximity chart
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4.5 zoning
The site’s interaction with the context is via its entry points (the intersection between internal streets site boundaries). These points have been defined as recreation cum commercial plazas for the neighbourhood, allowing for informal marketplaces (4.6, 4.7). Spaces in cyan are internal plazas; and turquoise are pedestrian streets. Squares at every node and junction act as gathering spaces for social events and festivities - these public spaces are shared by people of all income groups; fostering a sense of shared community. The proximity and zoning chart (4.4, 4.5) shows the distribution and inter-relationship of these shared spaces.
4.6 access-movement
To optimize travel time, multiple routes have been provided around a residential block, in an hierarchial order. (4.6). NMT streets, movement corridors, and paved squares are elements of this system. Bringing back human scale to the routes using trees, shade, canopies was a strategy to increase walk appeal in the neighbourhood (4.3).
4.7 landuse; red: commercial, blue: institutional, yellow: residential
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4.9 cluster 1; typical floor plan
4.8 key siteplan showing various clusters
There are three basic clusters (4.8; 1, 2, 3). The rest are permutations of the same. The dwelling units of cluster 1 (4.12) are dedicated to the shared bathroom + dorm typology; the rest (4.13, 4.14) are arranged in cluster 2 & 3.
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4.10 cluster 2; typical floor plan 10
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4.11 cluster 3; typical floor plan
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Each cluster has a park at the centre, which is surrounded by residential units. The commercial forms a periphery around each block, facing the streets, creating active edges. (4.2, 4.7)
4.12 model; cluster 1
4.13 individual units; left: single room unit right: 2 bedroom with shared bath unit
4.14 family units left: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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LIVE / WORK /
Ankit Singh Dhruv Moza Divya Jain
PLAY Site 2; 7.6 ha Du/ha: 406 ground coverage: 60% F.A.R: 3
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5.1 model; top-down view
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This development induces people to use public transport; by reducing private vehicle dependency through design, policy and enforcement, and at the same time providing access to public transport to maximum number of people through densification and greater connectivity. By adding mixed land use, the scheme becomes the home, as well as workplace.
5.2 site plan
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5.3 model; 20 sqm cluster
5.4 model; 20 sqm cluster
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5.5 model; central pedestrian axis
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5.6 model; open spaces
5.7 model; built vs thoroughfare
(5.2, 5.8, 5.9) The site is divided into two halves by a 24m vehicular road and split further by a pedestrian thoroughfare placed perpendicular to it. Each half gets a commercial, institutional plaza (5.5, 5.16) in the middle, along with a commercial edge; to monetize the high footfall in the area. The staggering of units in the clusters allow for more light and ventilation; and creates an interesting commerical edge with formation of small congregational spaces along the length of the street. (5.4) 5.8 access-movement
A particular cluster has only one kind of dwelling unit; and there are 5 different kinds of each. (5.10; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
5.9 landuse; red: commercial, blue: institutional, yellow: residential
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5.10 key siteplan showing various clusters
5.11 cluster 1; typical floor plan
5.12 cluster 2; typical floor plan
5.13 cluster 3; typical floor plan
5.14 cluster 4; typical floor plan
5.15 cluster 5; typical floor plan
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The cluster arrangement is such that the larger unit clusters are towards the centre of the site, and the smaller units face the pedestrian path or the peripheral road; such that there is hierarchy in the heights. Different clusters, and consequently different social groups share common open spaces. (5.6)
5.16 section; through plaza
5.17 small units; left: cluster 1; 20sqm unit centre: cluster 2; 25sqm unit right: cluster 4; 35 sqm unit
5.18 large units; left: cluster 5; 70sqm unit right: cluster 3; 90sqm unit
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MUNDKA HOUSING
Aparna Konat Arkita Halder Prashi Malik
PROJECT Site 2; 7.6 ha Du/h: 446 ground coverage: 32% F.A.R: 3.4
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6.1 model; south-west corner
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This scheme was an opportunity to design keeping the urban poor in mind. Thus the emphasis is against promoting private vehicles, focusing rather on celebrating public and nonpolluting means of transport. In order to make the scheme truly pedestrian, a network of cycle tracks run all around the site. A cycle rental shop is stationed at each entrance. Moreover, the parking is in the -
6.2 site plan; surface materials
6.3 site plan; activity mapping
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6.4 model; top-down view
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6.5 model; south corner
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6.6 3D view; movement corridor
basement, leaving the site largely vehicle-free. (6.2, 6.7) A continuous green movement corridor spreads into open spaces linking and guiding; creating shared spaces for the community. (6.3) indicates the variety of such spaces; articulating the functional role they play. (6.8, 6.6) The site edges are commercialized to interact with the context. The presence of basic amenity shops within the site promotes ease for the people in and around the complex.
6.7 access-movement
The same cluster houses dorm and shared-toilet room typologies; (6.10) thus they have been placed on the edges, the most accessible part of the scheme. (6.4, 6.9) A particular cluster has only one kind of dwelling unit; and there are 4 different kinds of each. (6.9; 6.10, 6.11, 6.12, 6.13) All clusters have a porous ground floor- space that can be used as community halls, for functions or festivals or as informal marketplaces for hawkers.
6.8 landuse; red: commercial, blue: institutional, yellow: residential
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6.9 key siteplan showing various clusters
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6.10 cluster 1; typical floor plan
6.11 cluster 2; typical floor plan
6.12 cluster 3; typical floor plan
6.13 cluster 4; typical floor plan
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6.14 model; clusters 2, 3, 4
6.15 individual units; left: cluster 1; dorm unit centre: cluster 1; single room unit right: cluster 2; 1 bedroom unit
6.16 family units left: cluster 2; 2 bedroom unit right: cluster 3; 3 bedroom unit
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HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
Nandini T. Nidhi Sohane Palak Mehta
TIKRI KALAN Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 400 ground coverage: 30% F.A.R: 3
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7.1 3D view; urban form
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(7.2) The built form is an arrangement of C - shaped clusters of various heights creating pockets of open space between them; which open to a larger, shared open space. The grid on which the siteplan is based is 60m wide; a comfortably walkable distance between blocks.
7.2 site plan
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7.3 longitudinal section
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7.4 transverse section
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(7.6) The commercial has been placed along the edges to provide interactive street edges with the surroundings. There are voids, spillouts in the edge which acts as collection spaces for outsiders. The institutional areas have been placed on main thoroughfares for easy access. The clusters, following the same grid, have same profiles. However their typological composition is dynamic; (7.5) the smaller cluster houses two kinds of units (7.11) and the larger one is made up of five distinct typologies. (7.12, 7.13) 7.5 typological composition of clusters
To achieve the same, there is variation in plan as well as in section. (7.3, 7.4) shows terraces in the cluster blocks, created by removing units on that particular level. (7.8) The arrangement of the clusters vis a vis the open spaces has been determined after shadow analysis; breaking up the distance between adjacent tall clusters and creating a loop of small clusters.
7.6 landuse; ; red: commercial, blue: institutional
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7.7 key siteplan showing various clusters
7.8 model; south-west corner
7.9 cluster 1; typical floor plan
7.10 cluster 2; typical floor plan
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7.11 cluster 1; left: single room with common bath unit right: dorm unit
7.12 cluster 2; left: studio unit 1 centre: studio unit 2 right: 1 bedroom unit
7.13 cluster 2; left: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
TOD HOUSING PROJECT
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Akanksha Chauhan Uzair Siddiqui
Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 420 ground coverage: 30% F.A.R: 2.5
Acknowledging the fact that Mundka is underprivileged and ignored as compared to other parts of Delhi, the need is to create something iconic, something that lends an identity to the place, bringing it in light of the government and investors alike; this is an opportunity to create an iconic housing that residents can look up to. Various nodes identified on site were assigned function; and connected by assessing the adjacency conditions, and bearing in mind the user between each node. (8.4)
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(8.2, 8.3) Node 1 to 4 are para-transit and commercial nodes, interspersed with common open spaces. 5 is the sheltered location of educational institution, surrounded by a large greens. 6 is a common plaza between housing sites 1&2. 7 is a community zone; activites which involve--
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8.1 model; view overlooking school
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8.2 nodes on site
8.3 site plan
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the neighbourhood. 8 and 9 are entrances to the site; and 10 is a commercial and institutional zone that benefits by proximity to the village. There are two kinds of clusters(8.6, 8.7, 8.8); catering to different economic groups. (8.9, 8.10) Cluster 1 has dorm and shared bath units; and cluster 2 has 1, 2, 3 bedroom units.
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(8.5) Voids have been introduced in section, creating terraces which function as vertical public space.
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8.4 movement
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8.5 site section
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8.6 key siteplan showing various clusters
8.7 cluster 1; typical floor plan
8.8 cluster 2; typical floor plan
8.9 cluster 1; left: single room with common bath unit right: studio unit
8.10 cluster 2; left: 1 bedroom unit centre: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom duplex unit (lower, upper)
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B
HOUSING
Aditya Kumar
SCHEME Site 2; 7.6 ha Du/ha: 400 ground coverage: 25% F.A.R: 3
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The fact that the site sits next to the proposed metro line connecting the rest of the city to Tikri Kalan upto the education hub Bahadurgarh provides a great opportunity for rental housing for students, teachers and young professionals in the area. (9.2, 9.3) Connected large greens with underpasses for vehicular traffic creates non coinciding pedestrian and vehicular paths. These paths are next to the green and shaded, adding to the walk appeal.
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Central location of child based institutions like schools, aangan wadi, parks etc. are surrounded by commercial space on ground floor, echoing the ‘eyes on streets’ concept (9.1, 9.10)
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There are 5 different kinds of clusters, (9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9) each with two or more kind of units. Units either face south, south-east or south-west. (9.11, 9.12) Non orthogonal stacking of units allows for better living conditions within the units; by increasing natural light and ventilation.
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9.1 3D view; open spaces between clusters
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Clusters also have sectional variation, leaving refuge floor levels empty; not only breaking the monotony of façade but also acting as social zones.
9.2 site plan
9.3 movement
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9.4 key siteplan showing various clusters
9.5 cluster 1; typical floor plan
9.6 cluster 2; typical floor plan
9.7 cluster 3; typical floor plan
9.8 cluster 4; typical floor plan
9.9 cluster 5; typical floor plan
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9.10 model; top-down view
9.11 individual units; left: dorm unit centre: single room with common bath unit right: studio unit
9.12 family units left: 1 bedroom unit centre: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
TRANSIT ORIENTED HOUSING
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10.1 model; north-east corner
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Syam Kumar Gompa Udit Mittal
Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 406 ground coverage: 35% F.A.R: 2.8
This housing revolves around creating appreciable quality of life for all residents; emphasis placed on orientation of the built, access to natural light and proper ventilation; and also visual and physical access to open greens. Vehicle access has been kept to the minimum by creating ramps along the site edge, and creating only paved and pedestrian paths inside the site; encouraging non-polluting modes of transport.
10.2 site plan
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The greens flow into each other in an hierarchy (10.3, 10.7), creating nodes and transition areas depending on the contextual implication. There are two basic cluster types; the high rises and the low rises, enclosing common open space (10.1, 10.2, 10.8). The clusters (10.4, 10.5, 10.6) have a typological mix of units, keeping with the geometry of the clusters, subconciously fostering inclusivity.
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The units show mutability within the basic outline of the cluster, (10.9, 10.10) and they are linked to the core by bridge-like links; creating corridors that are well lit and ventilated.
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10.3 3d view; highlighting important open spaces
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10.4 key siteplan showing various clusters
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10.5 cluster 1; typical floor plan
10.6 cluster 2; typical floor plan
10.7 pedestrian movement and open spaces
10.8 open space between clusters
10.9 individual units; left: single room with common bath unit second: single room unit third: 1 bedroom unit right: 2 bedroom unit
10.10 family units left: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
VARG: HOUSING FOR
Avinash Vishvakarma D. Vijay Kumar Rahul Bhaumik
COMMUNITY 1
LIVING
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Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 406 ground coverage: 30% F.A.R: 2.73
The main strategy used was a creation of a commercial cum cultural square in the centre of the site; envisioned as a grand public space which houses a multi purpose hall; where people not only from the housing complex but also from the Tikri village, and adjoining areas can come and take part in different cultural or social activities. (11.3, 11.2)
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(11.2, 11.1) The major pedestrian axes connect this square to the edges of the site, interrupted by pockets of open space. The built is arranged around these open spaces such that there is inter-connection between these pockets; one can meander from point to another without any obstruction.
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(11.5) Clusters form communities; a semi-enclosed built volume overlooking open space, which is the interaction zone for the community itself and also adds a directional sense to movement of the individual/ pedestrian in the site. The volumetrics play an important role in the pedestrian movement pattern.
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(11.4) The commercial zone is kept at the periphery of the site and also along the edges of the primary vehicular roads --
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11.1 model; north-east corner
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11.2 siteplan
11.3 3D view; cental plaza
11.4 3D view; commercial edge
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11.5 3D view; open space between clusters
11.6 key siteplan showing various clusters
11.7 cluster 1; typical floor plan
11.8 cluster 2; typical floor plan
11.9 cluster 3; typical floor plan
11.10 cluster 4; typical floor plan
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This is done so as to maximize the pedestrian character along these edges. There are 4 basic cluster types, (11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, 11.10) which share 6 types of units.(11.12, 11.13)
11.11 section; cluster 4
Voids have been introduced in section, creating terraces which function as vertical public space. (11.11)
11.12 small units; left: single room unit centre: single room with common bath unit right: studio unit
11.13 large units; left: 1 bedroom unit centre: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
MIXED-USE HOUSING
Lopamudra Madhur Prajapati
Site 2; 7.6 ha Du/ha: 420 ground coverage: 40% F.A.R: 3
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The aim of this scheme was to maximise the number of dwelling units by appropriate space allocation, whilst maintaining access to natural light and ventilation. (12.1, 12.2, 12.3) This arrangement of built on site promotes inter-class social interaction, and dedicated commercial blocks along the edge of the site creates ‘eyes on street’, increasing safety of pedestrians. It also creates a mixed-use system wherein the same environment caters to both the resident and consumer.
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12.1 model
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12.2 site plan
12.3 landuse; ; red: commercial, yellow: residential
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B
There are 4 basic cluster types, (12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8) which share 6 types of units.(12.10, 12.11) (12.2) The high-rise clusters have been pushed to the side of the site; and broken perimeter blocks take up the centre; creating pockets of linked open spaces. (12.9)
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12.4 key siteplan showing various clusters
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12.5 cluster 1; typical floor plan
12.6 cluster 2; typical floor plan
12.7 cluster 3; typical floor plan
12.8 cluster 4; typical floor plan
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12.9 3D view; open space
12.10 small units; left: single room with common bath unit centre: single room unit right: studio unit
12.11 large units; left: 2 bedroom unit 1 centre: 2 bedroom unit 2 right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
HOUSING / VILLAGE
Vatsaya Sharma Vidisha Godara
Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 450 ground coverage: 60%
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Within the context of rapid population growth, increasing strain on natural resources and ever diminishing quality of life, this housing challenges the ‘block/tower’ typology -- creating a series of linked pavilions of socially inclusive residential blocks over commercial spaces; which will employ the residents of the scheme and the adjacent village. (13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.8) Each cluster is broken up into ‘mother floors’ which are 3 storey wide zones where G+2 mixed-use units are placed-- each mother floor essentially acting as a conventional ground floor. These are linked vertically by a bay of residential and service elevators, and interconnected by ramps and bridges. (13.1, 13.6)
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There is a basic cluster type, (13.6, 13.7) that has 7 types of units; including a type that merges a residential and commercial unit.(13.9, 13.10) These units are essentially formed within the grid’s geometrical constrains, and hence are mutable and interchangeable with minor renovation.
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The main idea was challenging, instead of perpetuating unsustainable modes of building.
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13.1 3D view; initial conceptual massing
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13.2 ground floor plan; pedestrian links to village
13.3 roof plan
13.4 access to site/entry
13.5 landuse; ; red: commercial, blue: institutional
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13.6 cluster; typical floor plan
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13.7 section; through cluster
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13.8 site section
13.9 small units; left: dorm unit second: single room with common bath unit third: single room unit right: studio unit
13.10 large units; left: shop + residential unit centre: 2 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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B
CITYSCAPE
Humayun Imran Pema Wangchuk Pidemo Oduyo
Site 1; 7.5 ha Du/h: 400 ground coverage: 26% F.A.R: 3
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14.1 model; south edge
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The central open space creates a deliberate, enclosed community space that can host cultural events, festivities, etc. (14.1, 14.2) This is the heart of the scheme -- and is linked to the edges via pedestrian paths. (14.9) Commercial on the ground floor and residential on the upper floors creates active streets. Shops have been spread throughout the site, reducing movement time and also encouraging residents to walk within the site.
14.2 site plan
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14.3 key siteplan showing various clusters
14.4 cluster 1; typical floor plan
14.5 cluster 2; typical floor plan
14.6 cluster 3; typical floor plan
14.7 cluster 4; typical floor plan
14.8 cluster 5; typical floor plan
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There are 5 basic cluster types, (14.3, 14.4, 14.5, 14.6, 14.7, 14.8) which share 5 types of units.(14.10, 14.11) (14.4, 14.6) The clusters catering to lower income groups have been placed along the periphery of the site; adjacent to the bus stop.
14.9 landuse
14.10 small units; left: single room with common bath unit centre: single room unit right: studio unit
14.11 large units; left: 1 bedroom unit right: 3 bedroom unit
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AFTERWORD
The fourth year housing studio endeavours to be both a reflection and critique of the city’s response to the need for shelter by initiating discussion and debate on the objective of multi-family housing, changing government norms and the fluctuating real estate market. This book is a compilation and documentation of selected proposals from the housing studio. This is a valuable resource to current and future students attempting to understand the housing scenario in Delhi today, and how it can be amended.
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