Design thesis 2019
MEDITATION SPACE IN THE JUVENILE HOME
By Aneri Panchal Roll no. 201513000002 Submitted to
Venus Institute of Design & Technology, Bhoyan-Rathod, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
APPROVAL CERTIFICATE
The present report is here by approved as a creditable work on the approved subject, carried out and presented in a manner sufficiently satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a prerequisite to the Batchlor of Interior Design Degree for which it has been submitted. Thus by this approval the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement or opinion expressed herein. This approves the study only for the purpose for which it has been submitted and satisfies oneself to the requirements laid down by the Subject Teachers of Thesis Orientation.
Thesis Title :
Meditation space in the Juvenile Observation Home
Name of student :
Aneri Panchal
Roll No :
201513000002
Subject Teachers : Prof. Preyan Mehta
Signature :
Date :
31/05/2019
Place : Bhoyan Rathod, Gandhinagar
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis guide professor Preyan Mehta for giving me opportunity to do thesis on this subject and providing invaluable guidance throughout this thesis. He has taught me the methodology to carryout the research and to present the works as clearly as possible. It was great privilege and honor to work and study under his guidance. I would also like to thank my senior Aftab Pathan, my friends Hardik Joshi, Jagdishbhai Jangid, Makrand Mode, Meet Gozaria and the Lawyer Kanubhai Patel for providing me with valuable help and support to do my dissertation in better manner.
Abstract I.
The research question Can interior design work as means to influence the human mind through meditation?
II.
Introduction The aim is to propose an insertion of a meditation space inside an existing juvenile observation home. The objectives are to study the existing juvenile justice system and to design a meditation space that can help to improve the existing rehabilitation methods. Children of today become adults of tomorrow and thus are future of the world. Upbringing of an individual plays a vital role in shaping a person he/she will become. Children who have not yet reached the age of adults, in the sense that they are still childish, are defined as a juvenile. Lack of adequate attention by the parents, results in the inability to differentiate between the right and wrong. No one is a born criminal, circumstances make him so. Some of most common causes associated with juvenile crimes are : poverty, drug abuse, anti-social peer group, easy availability of firearms, abusive parents, family violence, child sexual abuse and role of social media. The delinquency of juvenile if not addressed at the earliest and with utmost care might pose some serious threat to society. Research and studies also show that great number of adult criminals have had a record of being juvenile offenders in their teenage. As observed the juvenile crime rates are increased then adults crime rates. To get them on right path the first act 1850 legislated and amended in 2000, the Juvenile Justice(care and protection) Act,2000. the legislation is the juveniles in conflict with law or juvenile offenders would be kept in an ‘Observation Home’ while children in need of care and protection need to be kept in ‘Juvenile Home’. The aim of the act is rehabilitation rather than punishment. But the implementation is totally different. The juvenile home provide reformative services including education, skill development, counselling, etc. , its practical application is far less than satisfactory. As a result delinquent juveniles become uncomfortable, frustrated. Ideally juvenile homes must be an institution that takes in negatives and gives back positives. No rehabilitation and reformation can ever happen without a positive space around and individual. The Role of an interior designer is to create healthy indoor climate and to understand the function and create or modify the forms. It is a fact that our environment can affect our mood, behavior and performance. Meditation is a means of transforming the mind. The aim of meditation is to reduce stress, depression & pain and to increase peace, perception, self-concept and wellbeing. The meditative space have flexibility to explore and experience an individual for themselves. And I think these all things which delinquent juveniles needs. This
concept to design a meditation space can successfully be applied to the juvenile home.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
Scope & Limitation •
The major focus of design and study will be on interior spaces.
•
As photography of prisons and juvenile homes are not permitted by law, the study would be carried out using non-classified data and secondary sources.
Proposed research methodology •
Observation of current situations of Indian juvenile homes through case studies.
•
Understand how the space could be meditative by exploring the meditation spaces in India.
•
The quantity of research will be 30 % and 70 % of design.
Research & Design plan •
Refer the topic related thesis and projects if available.
•
Primary case studies of juvenile homes and meditation spaces in India.
•
Secondary case studies of meditation spaces.
•
The existing site selection for design.
•
Site study and analysis
•
Conceptual design process
•
Final conclusion including – answering initial hypotheses, drawbacks, failures.
•
Summarizing the design and derivations.
Research timetable
Jan 2019
4th week - Refer related thesis and projects
Feb 2019
1st week - Primary case studies of juvenile homes in Gujarat 2nd week - Case studies of meditation spaces in India 3rd week - Documentation of case studies 4th week - Site selection
Mar 2019
1st & 2nd week
- Site study and analysis
3rd & 4th week Apr 2019
- Conceptual design process
1st, 2nd &3rdweek - Main design process 4th week - Conclusion & bibliography
CONTENTS Chapters
page no.
1.
Literature study of Juvenile Justice System
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. 2.
Definition of Juvenile ……………………………………………………………. 1 Juvenile Delinquency ……………………………………………………………. 1 Causes of Juvenile Delinquency ……………………………………………. 1-3 History of Juvenile Justice System in India ………………………….... 3 Juvenile Justice Act , 2000 ……………………………………………………. 4 Present Juvenile Justice System in India ………………………………. 4 Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 …………………………………………………….. 4-6 Physical Infrastructure …………………………………………………………. 7-8
Literature study of Meditation I. II.
3.
1-8
9
Describing the Meditation ……………………………………………………... 9 Types of meditation ……………………………………………………………….. 9 The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche
10
I.
Principles of Design ……………………………………………………………….. 10
II.
Choosing the Right Color Palette ……………………………………………. 10
III.
Lighting ………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
4.
Primary case study of Juvenile Observation Home I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII.
11-23
Everyday schedule …………………………………………………………………. 11 Spatial quality ………………………………………………………………………... 15 Survey Questionnaire for Ahmedabad District Probation & Aftercare Association …………………………………………………………. 16 Survey analysis from officer of Ahmedabad District Probation & Aftercare Association …………………………………………………………. 17-18 Inferences ………………………………………………………………………………. 18-19 Survey Questionnaire for general …………………………………………… 19-20 Analysis of survey for general …………………………………………………. 21-23
5.
Juvenile home Literature case studies I. II.
6.
24-31
Govt. Juvenile Home for Girls, kerala ……………………………………… 24-26 Juvenile Detention Educational Facility, France ……………………… 27-31
Primary case study of Meditation space (Isha Yoga Centre)
32-50
I. II. III. IV.
Guidelines of the Centre ………………………………………………………… 33 Teerthakunds ………………………………………………………………………… 34-35 Sarva dharma stambha ………………………………………………………….. 36 Sculptures ……………………………………………………………………………… 37
I.
iv.
Inner parikrama …………………………………………………………………….. 38 i. Dhyanalinga dome …………………………………………………….. 39-40 ii. Spatial quality of dome ………………………………………………. 40 iii. Form ………………………………………………………………………….. 40 iv. Schedule of a day ……………………………………………………… 41 Outer parikrama ……………………………………………………………………. 42 Linga Bhairavi temple ……………………………………………………………. 42 Sadhana hall ………………………………………………………………………….. 42 Adiyogi Alayam ……………………………………………………………………… 43 Spanda hall ……………………………………………………………………………. 43
v.
Places for eat ………………………………………………………………………… 44
II.
i. ii. iii.
III. IV. V. VI. VII.
7.
Spatial quality of the Centre ………………………………………………….. 45 Nalanda Stay …………………………………………………………………………. 45 Spatial quality of cottages ……………………………………………………… 46-47 Sadhguru says ……………………………………………………………………….. 48 Inferences .…………………………………………………………………………….. 49
Literature case studies of Meditation spaces
I. II.
51-57
Think Tank Retreat ………………………………………………………………… 51-53 Windhover Contemplative …………………………………………………….. 54-57
8.
Comparison chart of Meditation space case studies
58-59
9.
Comparison chart of Juvenile observation homes
60-61
10.
Site Selection
62
Site Description ……………………………………………………………………… 62
I.
11.
Site analysis I. II. III.
12.
Sunpath in summer and winter ……………………………………………….64 Wind directions and speed ……………………………………………………..65 Sound analysis …………………………………………………………………………66
Design process 1. 2. 3. 4.
63-66
67-72
Conceptual ………………………………………………………………………………67-68 Design ideas …………………………………………………………………………… 69-70 Material details ……………………………………………………………………….71 Seating furniture ……………………………………………………………………..71-72
13.
Design
73-83
14.
Conclusion
83
15.
Bibliography
85-86
Chapter 1
Literature study of Juvenile Justice System I.
Definition of Juvenile Generally, a “child ”mean a person who has not attain the age of 18 years and is not mature to understand that what is right and wrong . In modern era, the penal laws of most countries have adopted the principle of ‘doli incapex’[2], which means of knowing that act there are committing is a crime. The penal laws also states that Only child between the age of seven to twelve age can be convicted, provided that, the act they have committed is a heinous crime and they have knowledge and has attained the sufficient knowledge to understand the consequences of their act. According to sub- section 12 of Section 2 of The Juvenile (Care and Protection) Act, 2015 a “child” means a person who has not completed eighteen years of age. The Act classifies the term “child” into two categories: – •
“child in conflict with law” [3], and
•
“child in need of care and protection”[4].
The child who has committed an offence and he or she is under the age of 18 years on the date of commission of the offence is basically called as “ child in conflict with law”. The second sub – category is “ child in need of care and protection” means a child ad defined under Section 14 of the Act.
II.
Juvenile Delinquency Juvenile delinquency is defined as “the habitual committing of criminal acts or offences by a young person, especially one below the age at which ordinary criminal prosecution is possible.”
III.
Causes of Juvenile Delinquency Researches and Studies shows that they are various causes of juvenile delinquency in India. Every person has different behavioral patterns so as in case with children also. The behavior patterns develop in early childhood and at early stage it is very difficult to identify any kind 1
of behavior. But as soon as , child grows up comes out to real world , behavior patterns changes from time to time and many circumstances or situation may arose the delinquent behavior in them . . Following are the some of the causes of Juvenile Delinquency:1. Adolescence Instability: – The biological, psychological and sociological are one of the important factors in the behavior pattern of adolescent. At this stage, teenagers become more conscious about their appearances and fashions, enjoyment, food, play and etc. And at this age, they want freedom and they wanted to be independent but sometimes they are given any chances and opportunities by their parents, teachers and elders this leads to development of anti – social behavior in them. Thus, this anti – social behavior, biological changes, psychological causes are the some of the reasons which is responsible for juvenile delinquency. 2. Disintegration of Family System: – Disintegration of family system and laxity in parental control is also the main cause of increasing rates of juvenile delinquency. In normal cases divorce of parents, lack of parental control, lack of love and affections are the major factors of juvenile delinquency. 3. Economic condition and Poverty: – Poverty and poor economic condition is also consider has major contributing factor of increasing juvenile crimes as result of poverty, parents or guardian fails to fulfill the needs of the child and at the same time children wants that their desires should be fulfilled by parents by hook or by cook and when their desires are met they start themselves indulging in stealing money from homes or any other parents. And this develop habitual tendency of stealing which results into theft at large scale. 4. Migration: – Migration of deserted and destitute juveniles’ boys to slums areas brings them in contact with some anti – social elements of society that carries some illegal activities like prostitution, smuggling of drugs or narcotics etc. These sorts of activities attract the juvenile a lot and they may involve themselves in such activities. 5. Sex Indulgence:- The children those who have experienced sex assault or any other kind of unwanted physical assault in their early childhood may develop any kind of repulsiveness in their behavior and mind. In this age they may become 6. more vagrants or may want to have sex experience. Too much of sex variance may lead the boys towards the crime of kidnapping and rapes etc.[25] 2
7. Modern Life Style: – The rapidly changing society patterns and modern living style, makes it very difficult for children and adolescents to adjust themselves to the new ways of lifestyle. They are confronted with problems of culture conflicts and are unable to differentiate between right and wrong.[26]
IV.
History of Juvenile Justice System in India In present era, a movement for the special treatment of juvenile offenders has started throughout the world including many developed countries like U.K., U.S.A. This movement has been started around the 18th century. Prior to this, juvenile offenders were treated as same as other criminal offenders. And for the same reason, General Assembly of United Nations has adopted a Convention on the Rights of Child on 20 th November 1989. This convention seeks to protect the best interest of juvenile offenders. The Convention states that to protect the social – reintegration of juvenile, there shall be no judicial proceeding and court trials against them. The Convention leads the Indian Legislation to repeal the Juvenile Justice Act, 1986 and to make a new law. Thus, Indian Legislation came up with a new act which was called as “The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000. The Juvenile Justice, 1986 which repealed the earlier Children Act, 1960, aimed at giving effect to the guidelines contained in the Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice adopted by the U.N. countries in November 1985.[12]The above mentioned Act consisted of 63 Sections, 7 Chapters and is extended to whole India expect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The primary purpose of the Act was to provide care and protection, treatment, development and rehabilitation of the neglected juvenile delinquent. The main objectives of the Act were:1. The act basically laid down uniform framework for the juvenile justice in country in such a way that it protects the right and interest of juvenile. 2. It talks about the machinery and infra – structure for the care, protection treatment, development and rehabilitation of the juvenile offenders. 3. It set out the basic provisions for the proper and fair administration of criminal justice in case of heinous crime done by juvenile offenders. 3
V.
Juvenile Justice Act , 2000 The Act was enacted in year 2000 with aim and intent to provide protection for children. The mentioned was amended twice – first in the year of 2006 and later in year of 2011 .The amendment was made to address the gap and loopholes in the implementation. Further, the increasing number of cases of juvenile crimes in the last recent years and frightful incident of “Delhi Gang Rape Case” has forced the law makers to come up with the law. The major drawback of the Act was that it contains ill equipped legal provisions and malfunctioning juvenile system was also the major reason in preventing the juvenile crimes in India. The act was replaced soon by The Juvenile Justice( Care and Protection) Act, 2015.
VI.
Present Juvenile Justice System in India Like the other countries , India had also made legal provisions that especially and specifically deals with the rights and protection of juvenile offenders which seeks to tackle the problem of juvenile delinquency. The Juvenile Justice System in India is made on the basis of three main assumptions:1. young offenders should not be tried in courts , rather they should be corrected in all the best possible ways, 2. they should not be punished by the courts , but they should get a chance to reform 3. trial for child in conflict with law[13] should be based on non-penal treatment through the communities based upon the social control agencies for e.g. Observation Homes[14] and Special Homes.[15]
VII.
Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 The aims to consolidate the laws relating to children alleged and found to be in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection by catering and considering their basic 4
needs through proper care& protection , development, treatment , social- integration , by adopting a child friendly approach in the adjudication and disposal of matters in the best interest of children. The children are divided into two categories: 1. The CNCP represent the ‘Child in Need of Care and Protection’ primarily those picked up by social workers and police officer’s from streets, illegal work facilities like factories, hotels etc., 2. The other category represents the CCL ‘Child in Conflict of Law’, those accused or convicted of committing crimes.
Observation Home • • •
For the temporary reception and rehabilitation of any juvenile in conflict with law during the pendency of any inquiry regarding them under this act. Set up in every district and group of districts. Established and maintained by the state government either by itself or under an agreement with voluntary organizations.
Special Homes • • •
For reception and rehabilitation of juvenile in conflict with law Set up in every district and group of districts. Established and maintained by the state government either by itself or under an agreement with voluntary organizations.
After Care Organisation.(1) The State Government shall set up an after care programme for care of juveniles or children after they leave special homes and children's homes with the objective to facilitate their transition from an institution-based life to mainstream society for social re-integration. (2) After care programmers shall be made available for 18-21 year old persons, who have no place to go to or are unable to support themselves, by the District or State Child Protection Units in collaboration with voluntary organizations for the purpose of section 44 of the Act and this rule.
5
6
VIII.
Physical Infrastructure • • •
The observation home and special home shall be child friendly and it should not like a jail or lockup. The observation home and special home shall set up separate residential facilities for juvenile up to 12 years, 13-15 years and above. The institution shall have sufficient space for every juvenile.
Area and capacity of the institution Building and grounds Building and grounds (dimensions, construction materials etc. should be as per JJ Model Rules, 2016). The suggested norms for building or accommodation in each institution with 50 children may be as under: S.No.
Item for Construction
Area in Sq. ft.
(i)
2 Dormitories
Each 1000 Sq. Ft. for 25 juveniles/children i.e., 2000 Sq.Ft.
(ii)
2 Classrooms
300 Sq. Ft. For 25 juveniles/children i.e.600 Sq. Ft.
(iii)
Sickroom/First aid room
75 Sq. ft. per juvenile/children for 10 i.e. 750 Sq. ft.
(iv)
Kitchen
250 Sq. ft.
(v)
Dining Hall
800 Sq. ft.
(vi)
Store
250 Sq. ft.
(vii)
Recreation Room
300 Sq. ft.
(viii)
Library
500 Sq. ft.
(ix)
5 bath rooms
25 Sq. ft each i.e. 125 Sq. ft.
7
(x)
8 toilets/latrines
25 Sq. ft each i.e. 200 Sq. ft.
(xi)
Office rooms
a) 300 Sq. ft. b) Superintendent‘s room 200 sq. fit
(xii)
Counselling and guidance room
120 Sq. ft.
(xiii)
Workshop
1125 Sq. ft. For 15 juvenile @75 Sq. ft. Per trainee
(xiv)
Residence for Superintendent
(a) 2 rooms of 250 Sq. ft. each (b) Kitchen 75 Sq. ft. 1 bathroom-cum Toilet/latrine 50 Sq. ft.
(xv)
2 Rooms for Juvenile Justice Board / Child welfare 300 Sq. ft. each i.e.600 Sq.ft committee Total
8495 Sq. ft.
8
Chapter 2
Literature study of Meditation I.
Describing the Meditation One of the fundamentally basic purpose of meditation is to observe without judgement who you are in the present movement. Everyone is already perfect and meditation is designed to allow the perfection to shine through. what covers it up the layers of ego that we place in its way. Meditation is also connected to our mental and physical wellbeing. Some of the other psychological, emotional and health related benefits of meditation includes : • Increase self-awareness • Better stress management skills • Improve emotional wellbeing • Better management of symptoms of conditions including anxiety disorders, depression, sleep disorders, pain issues and high blood pressure • Improvement in working memory
II.
Types of meditation
Focused attention Hold attention on a primary object, usually on your breathes Mentally notices its movement.
Noticing Concentrate while carefully naming thoughts, sensation and other mental process and distractions.
Witnessing Closely watch your thoughts & activities let them come & go without reacting, judging and holding on.
9
chapter 3
The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche Interior Design can improve one’s quality of life as it is the environment around us affecting our mood, productivity, energy levels, aptitude and attitude. Creating a beautiful interior is about creating a space where you feel relaxed, comfortable, organized and at peace, the idea of the space is to be thought of as therapeutic. Space is an important factor in interior design. It has an immense influence on our mood, behavior and physical activity: in short, the human psychology. Every element that we choose for an interior or exterior area is driven by the psychology of space. When we refer to space, it’s mostly the aesthetic appeal many of us concern ourselves with, rather than the functionality. Functionality is one factor that is often overlooked but greatly impacts the inhabitants. However, in a practical subject such as interior designing, space psychology plays a major role in defining the look and feel of a place. I.
Principles of Design Psychology of space is also greatly driven by principles of design such as balance, proportion, symmetry and rhythm. When these principles are followed correctly, it improves the emotional quality of life by bringing harmony in space. One can achieve a calm and peaceful ambience by implementing best practices in all the elements of design.
II.
Choosing the Right Color Palette Psychology of space is also affected by colors. The logic is simple. Warm colors create a close and compact environment. Bright colors boost the mood. Here are few colors and their emotional effects on human minds. Yellow, Orange, Green – They encourage communication and socializing. Purple, Deep Blue, Red and Dark Green – They reflect a gloomy mood but if applied in a minimal amount, can evoke a feeling of comfort. Blue and Green – They evoke calmness. Therefore, a room may feel big, small, gloomy, vibrant, etc. depending on the color palette chosen. So be very mindful of what kind of colors you choose because they certainly have a psychological effect in a given space.
III.
Lighting Light is another element that affects the psychology of space. A dim light may give the appearance of a sad and gloomy room while bright light brings in high energy and makes the room look spacious.Apart from the above, there are many other elements such as texture and shape that influence the emotional and psychological aspect of a space. 10
Chapter 4
Primary case study of Juvenile Observation Home, Khanpur, A’bad
Khanpur Observation Home is a transit point for the accused juvenile. The juvenile is inside the observation home while the inquiry and the Social Investigation Report (SIR) are in process. The Khanpur Observation home not only serves as a place to keep the children inside under inquiry but in the meantime, they also expose children to various vocational training.
I.
Everyday schedule 6:30 – 7:00 AM - Wake up, clean rooms 10:00 AM
- Breakfast (poha, milk/tea)
10:30 – 2:00 PM - School 2:00 – 3:00 PM - Lunch(sabji, roti, dal, rice) + recess 3:00 – 5:00 PM - School (vocational training- cooking, stitching, electrician) 5:00 – 7:00 PM - Play time(cricket, football, local games) 7:00 – 10:00 PM - Dinner + TV 10:00 PM
• • •
- Sleep
No fix time with counsellor Same teaching for all children, no different classification Supervision by police officers which wears normal clothes
11
12
DORMITORY
WASH 9'8" x 10'
TOILET 20'6" x 9'10"
VERANDAH BATH 7'6" X 4'2" TOILET 4'6" X 3'11"
10'8" X 4'
DN
KITCHEN 7'6" X 8'
9'11" X 8'
STORE ROOM 7'6" x 12'4"
INFIRMARY 18' X 20'6" VERANDAH
VERANDAH
KITCHEN 18' x 20'
COURTYARD " 31'6" X 56'11
CLASSROOM 18' x 23'2"
INFIRMARY 18' X 28'5"
VERANDAH
TOILET 8'10" X 4'7"
CLASSROOM 18' x 18'9" G COUNSELLIN ROOM " 8'8 x 9'6"
COURT ROOM 17'3" x 26'6.2"
OM WAITING RO 12'6" x 14'3"
OFFICE 17'3" x 14'8"
ENTRY
PARKING
MAIN ENTRY
14
I.
Spatial quality Location
- Khanpur, near Cama Hotel, Ahmedabad
Surroundings
- the Observation home is situated between an old gov. building and empty space for new construction (not
started) backside : riverfront road, Sabarmati river in front : street road Area
- 2,829.5 sqm
Climate
- hot, semi-arid (30°c)
Building material – brick masonry Wall finish
– yellow whitewash
Flooring
–terrazzo tiles
Furniture lockers
– office and court room : wooden tables, metal chairs & - classroom : plywood + laminate benches & table,
wooden chairs, metal & wooden lockers Bedroom : metal single beds and lockers Verandah : stone siting Electric fixtures
– white tub lights, fans
Landscape
- ashoka trees and Neem trees outside the building.
Smell
– unhygienic smell of rust, untreated old building, uncleaned bedsheets
Sounds
– traffic crowd and public noises
15
II.
Survey Questionnaire for Ahmedabad District Probation & Aftercare Association 1) Experience of the current post : 2) What is your work place ? : 3) What kind of works you do ? : 4) Working hours at the office : 0-4 hrs
4-6 hrs
6-10 hrs
10-20 hrs
10-15 yrs
15-17 yrs
5) Why this observation home need to be established 6) Major age group of juveniles : 0-5 yrs
5-10 yrs
7) Maximum stay period of juvenile offenders : 8) Capacity of the juveniles in building : 9) Which are the major crimes done by juveniles ? : 10)
Currently provided Rehabilitation methods :
11)
What are the other institutions for juveniles and where ? :
12)
Where do you put the girl juveniles ? :
13)
Number of care takers and security guards :
14)
Which type of Works the caretakers do ? :
15)
At which time of the day, the children get alone ? :
16)
What do you feel at the office usually ? : stressful/irritative peaceful/stress relief comfortable/relax
17)
which place of the building is the most used by juveniles ? :
18)
which place of building is the least used by juveniles ? :
19)
which type of sounds do you hear throughout the day ? :
20)
which type of smells do get throughout the day ? :
16
III.
Survey analysis from officer of Ahmedabad District Probation & Aftercare Association
• I prepared a survey questionnaire as given above for the head officer of Ahmedabad District Probation & Aftercare Association who’s name was Maulik Khatri. He has been working at the office of Khanpur Observation home since 20 years. • He Supervise all works like new cases, management of donated funds and everyday needs of the Observation Home, supervision of aftercare association. • He works at the office for 6-10 hours during a day. • Khanpur juvenile home was established in 1957 for care and protection of needy children. • The major age group of juveniles is 15 to 17 years. • The maximum stay period of juveniles is 7 years. • The capacity of the observation home is maximum 30 juveniles. • Theft, murder, rape, violation are the major crimes done by CCL and major child labourers are CNCP. • The Khanpur observation home provides vocational trainings as basic education, electric course, cooking course and tailoring to the juveniles. • No other institutions for juveniles are built in Ahmedabad as Special home, Children home ; there is only one Observation home between Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Nadiad and Anand. • The girls juveniles are taken to the Girls Observation Home, Odhav. 17
• There are 3 caretakers and 2 security guards(1 women) at the Khanpur observation home. • The works of caretakers : Make breakfast, Clean the rooms, wash the clothes, make lunch, clean the kitchen, make dinner, take care of children • Some children sit alone during playing time in evening and all gets alone in the night at sleeping time. • The officer feels usually stressful and irritative at the observation home. • The juveniles like spend their most period in courtyard and least go in kitchen, only to eat. • The juveniles hear the sounds as traffic crowd, public noise and their own noise throughout the day according to Mr. Maulik Khatri. • unhygienic smell because of improper cleaning of space and very old building.
IV.
Inferences
• long lasting building material, furniture material, flooring, wall finish and less landscaping because of do not have to take more care & renovate the place. • Unhygienic smell due to improper cleaning and very old building in surrounding also. • As CCL and CNCP both children are kept at same place, they can’t be reformed. • Children like to spend more time in the courtyard because of the fresh air. • They avoid to spend more time in the other rooms because of unclean space and unhygienic smell.
18
I made a Questionnaire to take survey from general people to justify the purpose of designing a meditation space in juvenile home and to know what people think about meditation space.
V.
Survey Questionnaire for general
19
20
VI.
Analysis of survey for general
Profession 4
3
2
1
0 Architect
student
job
Designer
Engineer Hathayoga 3D Technical business Housewife teacher Generalist consaltant
21
According to you what is Meditation ? The space which leads our mind to be pleased It is a process/activity that helps to calm our mind to think more logically and positively, to accept what has happened and focus on future efficiently. I think any activity that makes you feel happy or relax is Meditation. zero thoughts process and mentally peace An fuel for soul Calmness Discovery of peace . Healthy mind leads to better metabolism and better metabolism leads to fitness. Now let me elaborate term called meditation in terms of religion Meditation is so well built bridge which establish roadway between human and God. Mental peace Stress free mind Focus and peace Meditation is calm Ur mind Meditation has potential for more then temporary stress relief Focusing on the soul in the body between two eyes. Meditation is a quality. Only when your physical body, mental body and energy body is aligned you can become meditative. It's like a flowering. Peace of Mind Meditation helps individual to focus their mind on particular objects, gain awareness and attention and reach calm, stable and clear state of mind. Meditation is a practice where an individual uses a technique such as mindfulness, or focusing their mind on a particular object, thought or activity to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state. It's about getting healthy sense of perspectives. It's about learning how to observe your thoughts and feelings. To star better understanding.
22
At which constructed place did/do you feel stress relief, peaceful, meditative? 5 4 3 2 1 0
23
Chapter 5
Juvenile home Literature case studies I.
Govt. Juvenile Home for Girls, kerala
Location
- Vellimadukunnu, Kozhikode, Kerala
Area
- 97124.5 sqm
Project year - 1987 Climate
- highly humid tropical (34°c)
Surroundings - residential area, School, colleges, hospital, communication
24
• • • • • • •
There are all institutions provided for juveniles as Juvenile home for boys, juvenile home for girls, home for mental deficient children and aftercare home. According to the space design, I refer to study only the girl’s juvenile home. The major age group of the girls is 8 to 18 years at the juvenile home. The capacity of juvenile home is 150. Schooling facilities from 1 to 7 std is provided and after studies are available in surrounding schools and colleges. Vocational training like tailoring and candle making are given and NGO’s from outside comes for short term cultural/rehabilitation programs. 10 dormitories to accommodate at least 10 children in each and 2 attached washrooms. 8 windows in each dormitory. Only one gate for entry and exit in dormitories and caretakers 24 hours watching the juveniles.
25
PLAN LAYOUT OF DORMITORY Inferences
• • •
Circular orientation of dormitory helps the caretakers to watch the juveniles from the all points. The central courtyard provide good ventilation and sunlight. Each dormitory has a pipeholes to watch inside the dormitory. Landscaping in courtyard making place cooler through shadow.
26
II.
Juvenile Detention Educational Facility, France
Architects
- Combas Architectes
Location
- Marseille, France
Climate
- warm and dry (7° to 24° c)
Area
- 2450.0 m2
Project Year - 2017
27
plan
Section 28
•
• •
•
this project for an educational detention center for minors was inspired by a strong desire to create a counterpoint, in example, to make the enclosure disappear in order to open the view of the young occupants onto a new horizon. The project aimed at focusing penitentiary policy more on prevention than on repression. The new complex, formed a large U-shape, designed to host the children on the ground floor, in a warm and enveloping form. At the entrance, a portal opens first onto the first courtyard shaded by an ancient ash tree, on the south side of the building, an orchard revives the agricultural identity of this property formerly run as a truck farmer of the northern neighborhoods of Marseille. Facing its garden, the roofs come together like two L shapes, which seem to have pivoted from a corner of the building to open onto a patio with pierced opening resembling a cloister. This arrangement offers young occupants comforting shade and an unobstructed view over the city.
29
Inferences
• • • •
The building created and situated as juveniles can’t see the other commercial buildings but they can only see the vistas of greenery from the garden. The minimal design of space, white color, large vistas, white lighting depicting the calmness. The flat horizontal ground floor and big vertical windows making balance of the geometry in the view. All the façades, which are cut out from the exterior, are made of solid stone in the Mediterranean tradition, whereas the inside walls made of board-formed textured concrete are left exposed. Traces of the wood formwork are also visible in the hallway. The use of rough materials allows for the interplay of sobriety and a stripped down look to provide a warm and robust educational context.
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31
Chapter 5
Primary case study of Meditation space Isha Yoga Centre, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
Isha Yoga Centre is dedicated to fostering inner transformation and creating an established state of wellbeing in individuals. The large residential facility houses an active international community of brahmacharis, full time volunteers and visitors. Location - Velliangiri foothills, outskirts of Coimbatore, Tamilnadu Context - thick forests, Nilgiri biosphere reserve Climate - warm and humid Founder - Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev Branches - Chennai INDIA, Tennessee USA Area
- upto 2,0463 sqm
The Centre offers 3 types of meditation methods: Yoga meditation
sound meditation
Ayurvedic treatments
Kriya(energy)
Nada Aradhana
Isha Rejuvenation
exercise
Gnana(knowledge)
blend of vocals, singing
Ayurvedic therapies,
brass bowls, drums and
spending time in
To train your mind for
various other instruments
consecrated spaces,
self-realization & to go
twice during the day from
nature walk, nutritious
beyond the thoughts & ego
11:50 am to 12:10 pm and
cuisine and dietary and
Karma(action)
from 5:50 pm to 6:10 pm
lifestyle recommendation
Selfless service towards
in Dhyanalinga.
others, unselfish action
Bhakti(devotion) Spiritual practice on devotion
32
I.
Guidelines of the Centre
• Consumption of liquor, tobacco, cigarettes, narcotic drugs and non-veg food on the side and around the Centre premises is strictly prohibited. • As all may have some language and cultural differences, they requests to be patient and courteous to the residents who will assist with any queries. • Avoid plucking flowers.
• Taking photographs of the Centre is prohibited.
• Walking in the forest is not allowed.
• Avoid holding hands and any display of physical affection at the Centre. • Both men and women should wear clothing that covers shoulders, upper arms, midriff and covers legs up to ankles. Avoid tight, transparent clothes. • Use of mobile and talking aloud especially after 10 pm is not allowed.
33
II.
Teerthakunds
In India there has been a tradition of getting whole body wet before entering any temple, so that we can easily absorb the energy of the temple. There are 2 Teerthkunds : Suryakund is for men Chandrakund is for women The linga of of mercury is installed inside the both teerthkunds, which is called ‘Rasalinga’. You are supposed to go change the clothes and wear the clothes given there and take a shower in the washroom area then you supposed to go inside the kund slowly, touch the Rasalinga with both hands and take a dip. And then again have to take a shower. There are volunteers everywhere to guide you.
34
Suryakund (gents)
Chandrakund(ladies) 35
III.
Sarva dharma stambha
there is a Sarva Dharma Stambha before the inner parikrama of temple.The symbols of 9 major religions of the world are inscribed on three sides of the stambha. It welcomes everyone beyond all religious variances. On the 4th side the 7 forms of lotuses are engraved, which represent the 7 chakras of the human body. Devotees have to climb 3 steps to reach the open gate of inner parikrama. The unusual height of steps forces the visitors to press their feet on the pebbled suface of these steps, it activate certain nerve centers in the body, apreperation to make person more receptive to the energies of the space.
36
IV.
Sculptures A large metal sculpture of a bull (Nandi), Adiyogi 112 ft high statue and many other stone sculptures which depict peace and seems they are meditating.
37
I.
Inner parikrama After the main gate of inner parikrama, on the left is the statue of Maharshi Patanjali, regarded as the father of Yogic Science, on the right is the Vanashree Shrine (feminine deity) And the 6 sculptured granite panels cover the aisles of the verandah, illustrating the stories of 6 south Indian sages.
38
i.
Dhyanalinga dome •
• •
At the end of inner parikrama, a vaulted tunnel that leads to the dome of Dhyanalinga. The volunteers allow people to go inside in batches, every 5 minutes after ringing the bell. You have to sit in the verandah and wait till the bell ring. The dome houses the 14 ft high Dhyanalinga. It’s a pillarless 250,000 bricks structure. There are 27 meditation cells on the side wall of dome. You can either sit inside the cell or in the open space for meditation. You can go outside after 5 mins or you can meditate longer. No one disturb your meditation. The volunteers don’t allow to speak anything after entering in inner parikrama.
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40
41
All the seven chakras energized to the peak by Sadhguru. The consecration took over 3 years of very intense work. In Sanskrit, ‘Dhyana’ means meditation and ‘linga’ means the form .
ii.
Spatial quality of dome Building material - bricks, granite stone, earth concrete Wall finish
- earth plaster on outer surface of dome
Flooring
- cuddapah black limestone, white limestone
Furniture
- wooden tables only for disable and old persons
Electric fixtures - yellow halogen lights, ventilators Decor
- lotus flowers in water filled brass handi bowl, Jasmine, marigold flowers
Smell
- wet earthy smell, scent of sandalwood and jasmine flowers smell of burning diyas
sounds
- echo of dripping water on Dhyanalinga, ventilator machine, bell ring, music sounds during Nada Aradhana
iii.
Form
42
iv.
Schedule of a day
43
II.
Outer parikrama (A circular path which runs around the main temple)
i.
Linga Bhairavi temple This is a temple in which a deity in the shape of a linga, represents the divine in its feminine manifestation. Located to the southwest of the Dhyanalinga dome.
ii.
Sadhana hall The two vaulted brick structures behind the Dhyanalinga temple, for residents guests and volunteers to serve as a space for morning sadhana practice.The empty space between the each of the 6 brick arches of the structure is covered with copper painted aluminium shields for natural lighting and ventilation. Basement space is for office. The large eye shaped openings covered with an iris of blue glass at the top end of the side walls.
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iii.
Adiyogi Alayam this is the temporary structure of metal frame and insulation sheets. The hall supports the following programs : Hatha Yoga - 21 weeks program Samaya - 8 day silence program
iv.
Spanda hall A dominating feature of the hall is a wall done with mural paintings depicting the life of shiva by using only vegetable dyes and earth extracts. The hall is made for Bhava Spandana Meditation program.
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v.
Places for eat
Bhiksha hall two time free meal offered in the hall, brunch at 10:30 am and dinner at 7:30 am. Everyone have to chant a Brahmarpanam mantra togather before start eating. They serves food in the brass utensils. The meals were very light and healthy. They serves 1 subji, roti, salad, pickle, 1 sweet dish, rice and 1 fruit. The quantity of salt, papper and oil was less but tasty. After completing meal everyone have to clean their dish by own. The kitchen and store room are on the ground floor and dining area is on the 1 st floor. Papper Vine Eatery Isha yoga centre has it’s own cafeteria. The food was cheap and tasty. There are beams of granite stone with metal framed terracotta tiles roof and They surves snacks, south indian dishes and cakes. Furniture material – granite stone , MS steel table & wood, MS benches
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III.
Spatial quality of the Centre
Building material - brick masonry and granite stone rubble masonry Wall finish
- white wash, earth plaster
Flooring
- limestone paving and flooring, cuddapah black limestone
Roof
- metal framed terracotta tiles (teerthakund,cafe) Insulation sheets with metal frame structure(Adiyogi alayam) Metal corrugated roofing sheets (spanda hall)
Furniture
- stone sittings, tables(granite+MS), benches(wood+MS) (cafe)
Smell
- scent of jasmine and sandal wood, fresh smell of grass and plants, wet earthy smell at evening due to sprikling water smell of cooking food around the cafe
Sound
- noice of aumkar chanting people, sound of falling water in teerthKunds, sounds of birds (sparrow, peacock), sound of winding trees
Electric fixtures
- yellow halogen lights, yellow garden lights, panel lights and fans in meditation halls
Landscape
- grass lone, jasmine vines, hurbs, varieties of flowers, coconut trees, bamboo grass, lilly ponds with lotus flowers
decor
- flowers in carved and water filled stone bowls, stone and metal sculptures, white rangoli
IV.
Nalanda Stay Cottages were designed by the Centre itself with simple interiors, rustic and cozy feel. The ambiance was meditative and relexing. 47
V.
Spatial quality of cottages Surroundings
- garden, pond, green grounds, farms of coconut trees, foothills
Building material - brick masonry Wall finish
- white, mustard yellow paint, stipple wall texture
Flooring
- cuddapah black limestone and white limestone flooring in bedrooms, granite stone flooring on passages
Furniture
- table(granite) and banch(granite+wood), bed , side table and chairs(plywood+laminate)
Electric fixtures
- fluorescent light, spot lights, wall lamps, fan, A.C.
Landscape
- grass lone, lilly ponds with lotus, jasmine vines
Smell
- cool fresh smell of grass, scent of jasmine flowers
Sound
- birds sound(sparrow, peacock), sound of winding trees
48
49
VI.
Sadhguru says Sadhguru explores the nature of geometry and architecture, and explains the unique nature of the buildings at the Isha Yoga Center, especially the Dhyanalinga dome. Sadhguru: Architecture is just a play of geometry. If you look at all the buildings at the Isha Yoga Center right now, they do not stand because of the strength of the material. They stand only because of perfectness of the geometry. That is the beauty of what we are doing here. If you use concrete, cement or steel, generally you can make the building any way you want because it’s the material that holds it together, not the geometry. At the Yoga Center, all we have used is brick, lime and mud. It is only the geometry that is makes the structures stand, similar to the way the globe is made. Everything that you see around you, right from a tree to your own body is perfectly geometrical, isn’t it? If you look at it in a relaxed manner, is there any tension in this body? That means it is in perfect geometry. If the geometry is not proper, it would create tension. So if you know how to keep the body, it can exist here for a long time and very well too, because it is properly aligned and in proper geometry. Right now, modern buildings being constructed today are like this; they are held together by tension, because the material is strong and it provides support. This is not the case at the Yoga Center, it’s just the geometry at play. So here the buildings are relaxed. They are meditating, you can say. If you take a look at the Dhyanalinga at the Isha Yoga Center, the uniqueness of its dome is that there is no cement steel, or concrete in it. It is only made of brick and mud. The simple technology of this is that all the bricks are trying to fall down at the same time, and hence they never can. It’s like five people trying to get into a door at once - nobody will get in unless one has a little courtesy to step back. If none of them do, they will all just keep pushing. As long as they are pushing, they remain in place for as long as the planet is on. My estimate is such that the Dhyanalinga should last a minimum of 5000 years because there is no tension in the building anywhere. It is standing because of the simple, perfect geometry of construction.
50
VII. • • • • • •
• • •
Inference The Centre provides a supportive environment to meditate and shift to healthier lifestyle. Just sitting silently in the sphere of Dhyanalinga is enough to make anyone experience a state of deep meditativeness. The sculptures, statues, rangoli, stone garden bowls full of flowers, lotus, use of natural building materials, this in way represents the qualities needed to enjoy meditation. The volunteers and workers of the Centre were cleaning the each and every corner whenever they get free, you could’t see any disturbing element at a place, everything you see is blissful. Warm lighting is used at the whole space, it help to make you feel calm and the atmosphere look like really homey and cozy. When I sat in meditation cell, I felt the touch of cool earthy surface of limestone walls. The earthy smell, natural ventilation, building materials were giving feel that we are connected to the nature. The soft mat is there to sit comfortably in the meditation cell. The brick texture was highlighted by yellow halogen lights and meditation cells were dark so that we do not get attention of other visitors while meditating. The form of Dome and other spaces, natural aesthetics, well maintained and cleanliness of the space, simple clothing, healthy, fresh and light food, speaking in low voice, these all quality of Isha Yoga center forces people to maintain discipline by their own.
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52
Chapter 7
Literature case studies of Meditation spaces I.
Think Tank Retreat Architect
: Rahul Mehrotra, RMA Architects
Location
: Valpoi, Goa, India
Area
: 1685.25 sqm
Project year : 2009 Climate
: Tropical climate
Functions
: massage room, conference facilities,yoga and meditation spaces, Informal
meeting, kitchen
53
Section
local materials
the in dependent boxes that
accesible terraces as
like laterite stone
integrated on a common
informal spaces, which
and clay tiles are
under a large clay roof to
covering the formal/
used for the
give flexible and more space.
Meeting room.
construction.
which results better cross vent.
creation of better vistas and cross vent. for the healing.
elements like water, air, earth, light is taken into the buit-form, make this place tranquil. 54
human scaled entrance connecting to the double Height interior space.
Inferences • Isolated units on the common plinth gives more flexibility in the space. • Waterbody and landscaping makes the interior more vibrant . • Excellent use of local materials blended to the modern materials for the construction. • The large perspective view of terrace spaces and roof gives the cozy environment to the user to meditate. • The vistas framed from the terrace are less ocular because of the high slope of the roof that obstruct the views.
55
II.
Windhover Contemplative Architects Location Area
: Joshua Aidlin, David Darling : Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA : 4000 sq ft
Landscape : Oak grove, bamboo Project year : 2014 Climate •
• •
•
•
•
: warm and dry (above 22°C)
Architect firm, Aidlin Darling Design has completed The Windhover Contemplative Center on the campus of Stanford University, which serves as a spiritual retreat for students, faculty, and staff. Designed to promote personal renewal and well-being. Using internationally acclaimed artist Nathan Oliveira’s meditative Windhover series as a vehicle. Aidlin Darling Design worked with Andrea Cochran Landscape Architecture to create a space where art, landscape, and architecture come together to replenish and invigorate the spirit. Combining the characteristics of a spiritual sanctuary, an art gallery, and a contemplative garden, the designers have created a unique typology for contemplation and reflection. The Center is located in the heart of the campus, adjacent to a natural oak grove. the building’s entry through a long, private garden sheltered from its surroundings by a line of tall bamboo, allows visitors to shed the outside world before entering. Within, the dichotomy created by the thick-rammed earth walls and dark wood surfaces with the lightness of the fully glazed east wall heighten the view to the oak glade beyond. Louvered skylights wash Oliveira’s 15 to 30 foot-long paintings with natural light, providing the only light needed within the space throughout the daylight hours. Benches and cushions are strategically placed to allow visitors to quietly view both the paintings and the adjacent landscape simultaneously.
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57
58
Meditation labyrinth
A labyrinth is a patterned path, often circular in form, used as a walking meditation or spiritual practice. A labyrinth's walkway is arranged in such a way that the participant moves back and forth across the circular form through a series of curves, ending at the labyrinths's heart or center. It is situated in the garden at Windhover Centre.
Inferences
• • • •
In conjunction with landscape, water is used throughout as an aid for meditation. fountains within the building and the adjacent courtyard provide ambient sound, while a still reflecting pool and garden to the south reflect the surrounding trees. Exterior contemplation spaces are integrated into the use of the center, further intensifying the connection of nature, art and contemplation. These courtyards, coupled with the expansive glass wall to the east, allow visitors to view the paintings without accessing the building, effectively creating a sanctuary day and night.
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Chapter 8 : Comparison chart of Meditation space case studies
Functions
Isha Yoga Centre
Think Tank Retreat Valpoi, Goa, India
Windhover Contemplative
Location
Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
context
thick forests, Nilgiri biosphere reserve
climate
Warm & humid
Tropical
Warm and dry
Area
Up to 2,463 sqm
1685.25 sq
4 sq ft
Landscape
grass lone, jasmine vines, karen trees, herbs, varieties of flowers, coconut trees, bamboo grass, lilly ponds with lotus
Grass lone, small palm trees
Oak grove, bamboo
Building material Wall finish
Brick, granite
laterite stone
Rammed earth walls
Earth plaster
White wash
glazing
-
58
Stanford University, 45 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 9435, USA Sculpture garden, university buildings and halls
Flooring
Lime stone
Clay tiles
Wooden flooring
Furniture
Low Wooden tables
Wooden benches , counter desk and chair
Electric fixtures Smell
Yellow Halogen light, ventilator
Wooden designed furniture for sitting, beds for massage etc. -
Sound
echo of dripping water on sound of winding trees, sound of birds Dhyanalinga, ventilator machine, bell ring, music sounds during Nada Aradhana
wet earthy smell, scent of sandalwood and jasmine flowers smell of burning diyas
Warm panel lighting
Wet smell of terracotta roof on terrace, fresh cool smell of grass and trees, wet fresh cool smell of grass earthy smell of soil of garden
59
sound of winding trees, sound of birds
Chapter 9 : Comparison chart of Juvenile observation homes
Functions
Juvenile observation home for boys
Juvenile observation home for girls
Location
Khanpur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Vellimadukunnu, Kozikhode, kerala, India
Meisselle, France
context
old gov. building and empty space for new construction (not started) backside : riverfront road in front : street road
residential area, School, colleges, hospital, communication
Commercial buildings and garden
climate
hot, semi-arid
highly humid tropical
warm and dry
Area
2,829.5 sqm
97124.5 sqm
245. m2
Landscape
ashoka trees and Neem trees
Coconut trees and many others
ancient ash trees many others
Building material Wall finish
brick masonry
brick masonry
Brick, stone
Yellow wash
-
Flooring
terrazzo tiles
60
Juvenile detention educational facility
White paint -
Furniture
Wooden chairs, tables, lockers, metal beds, stone benches
Wooden chairs, tables, beds
Metal chairs, wooden desks
Electric fixtures
white tub lights, fans
white tub lights, fans
White tube lights and panel lights
Smell
unhygienic smell of rust, untreated old building, uncleaned bedsheets
Sound traffic crowd, public noises and noise of children
-
Winding trees, birds sound, sound of juveniles
form
61
-
-
Chapter 10
Site selection
As an objective I am designing the meditation space in the existing building of the juvenile observation home. Through the research I found a report on the media. In the report, President of the juvenile observation home C K Patel said : “ there is a need for the new building. The existing building has completed 60 years and is in a bad shape.” Therefore I selected the Khanpur Observation home to design.
I.
Site Description Area –
2829.5 m sq
Temperature – summer : 45 °C Winter : 20°C Climate –
Hot and semi-arid
Wind direction – summer : south-west to north-east (28 km/h) winter : north-east to south-west (12 km/h) Rainfall -
2-5 mm
Context -
East : street road, residential apartments West : Sabarmati Riverfront North : construction site for residence, Cama hotel South : old government building
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Chapter 11
Site analysis
I.
Sunpath in summer and winter
64
II.
Wind directions and speed
65
III.
Sound analysis
66
Chapter 12
Design process
1. conceptual
67
Dome and Echo Echoes are created when sound waves hit an obstacle and bounce back, which happens only in domes which are generated by the portion of a sphere. The dome might be built on a circular plan or on a quadrangular one but it will always have an echo if it has the shape of the portion of a sphere or a shape close to the portion of a sphere. Hemispherical domes have the strongest echo. Pointed domes have rarely any echo but they can have a high reverberation and/or amplify the sounds. Vaults and domes always manifest a high reverberation, which represents the time needed for the sound to fade away. This reverberation is due to 2 factors: • The size of the volume created by the vaulted structure, which is generally larger than other ones. • The shape of the structure, which tends to hold the sound within itself. Materials that creates echo materials include concrete, asphalt for the walls, glass, metal and concrete, the brick and metal interior, marble floors.
Benefits of waterbody in the space They cool the space When the pool water is sprayed into the air, oxygen is introduced to all the tiny droplets. This cools them down. When they fall back into the pool, they bring that cooler temperature with them. Run a fountain long enough, and you can see a drop in temperature from 2 to 4 degrees. Now imagine how much cooler your pool might be if you had two or three pool fountains running. They relieve stress Though we’re land-dwelling beings, humans love the water. There’s something so soothing about listening to waves break on a beach. Pool fountains may not provide that same level of sound, but they can still reduce stress. it’s documented that listening to water sounds has a stress-reducing effect for many people.
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2. Design ideas the idea is to create form of dome in ceiling to create an echo of fountain sound and make a focal point to meditate. The waterbody can also reflect the pattern of the moving water on the dome ceiling by sunlight, but it can happen only in winters. the meditation space doesn’t have fans or AC because of meditation space needs natural ventilation only and shouldn’t have any disturbing sound. So, placement of waterbody in the direction of summer wind can make cool the space by evaporation. This is the way to use natural elements to create meditative ambience into the space. White color creates a refreshing and clean look in the space and it is a color of peace. As meditation space shouldn’t emphasized by dark colors, white color is perfect, so the white painted concrete dome ceiling, white marble floor, which remains cool in every season are convenient for the space.
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70
3. Material details
4. Seating furniture Generally, meditation spaces doesn’t have more furniture. But it is necessary to provide a seating furniture to make meditation comfortable. While seated on a flat surface, our natural inclination is to bend our backs forward while hunching our shoulders. Sitting with this flawed posture will inevitably cause painful stress on joints, muscles and nerves. A cushion or a seat, placed under your hips, will elevate your upper body slightly. It allows you to effortlessly straighten your spine and pull your shoulders back into a healthy posture. This simple enhancement keeps your spine neutrally aligned and will help to eliminate any potentially uncomfortable pressure points in your back, shoulders and neck.
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Fabrics Cotton is an excellent choice of fabric for a meditation cushion because it’s not unusual to sweat while meditating – especially if you live in a humid or tropical climate. Stuffing (Man-made) Probably the least popular stuffing for meditation cushions is synthetic. However, sometimes people have allergies and need to use synthetic. The softer stuffing such as polyester or foam tends to loose their buoyancy and eventually have to be replaced. However, they are also the softest, and if you have bottom, or hip joints that are sensitive, this kind of stuffing can be easier on you.
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CHAPTER 13
DESIGN
73
TOTAL SITE AREA 256'4 X 123'6"
ME DIT 18 6.5 ATIO N SQ FT SPA
CE
DN
LANDSCAPING 436.2 SQ FT
DN
DN
MEDITATION SPACE 897.3 SQ FT
A DN
B
HALL 1974 SQ FT
TOILET
INFIRMARY 18' X 20'6"
STORE ROOM 7'6" x 12'4"
VERANDAH VERANDAH
COURTYARD 31'6" X 56'11"
INFIRMARY 18' X 28'5"
KITCHEN 18' x 20'
CLASSROOM 18' x 23'2"
TOTAL BUILDUP AREA 138'8.5" X 93'9"
TOILET 8'10" X 4'7"
VERANDAH
COUNSELLING ROOM 9'6" x 8'8"
CLASSROOM 18' x 18'9"
WAITING ROOM 12'6" x 14'3" OFFICE 17'3" x 14'8"
COURT ROOM 17'3" x 26'6.2"
ENTRY PARKING
MAIN ENTRY
N
SECTION AB
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77
78
79
80
81
82
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Chapter 14
Conclusion
the final outcome of this thesis achieved the ambition of insertion of the meditation space in to the existing building of Juvenile Observation Home. I analyzed that the interior design can work as means to influence the human mind through meditation. The design outcome might be the reaction to the Juvenile Justice System and may give solution to improve the future adults. It will surely helpful to reform the juveniles. The 13 weeks of the thesis were rewarding, challenging, eye-opening and fun. I have experienced very well through my research and process work that power of well-designed interior space can improve the behavior of human kind.
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Chapter 15
Bibliography
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