CASTELO DE SESIMBRA The origins of the Castle of Sesimbra go back to the IX century, period of the Muslim occupation of the territory. In 1165 is conquered by D. Afonso Henriques, and in 1191 is lost to the Almohads. Its final reconquest is given by the initiative of D. Sancho I, in 1199, monarch that attributes the first charter to the town of Sesimbra, then based inside the monument. Throughout the Middle Ages, and given its strategic importance in defense of the maritime and land borders of the kingdom, the Castle is the target of numerous enlargements. From the fifteenth century, with the development of maritime activities such as fishing or shipbuilding, in Póvoa Ribeirinha the population is progressively being located by the bay. In 1516, the year of the Visitation of D. Jorge de Lencastre, Master of the Order of Santiago, there were already evident signs of abandonment, which were accentuated throughout the following centuries. The advanced state of ruin of the monument ends up being fought between 1933 and 1945, with the works of conservation promoted by the General Direction of Buildings and National Monuments.
ERMIDA DA MEMÓRIA
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s part of 2018 - European Year of Cultural Heritage and projects for the reception of volunteers of the Erasmus + EVS Program in the Municipality of Sesimbra. ANIME.PAF, in close collaboration with volunteers from the European Voluntary Service, has created an illustrated brochure that shows the vast heritage of Sesimbra and its geographic location in different languages, allowing anyone interested in discovering and rich local estate.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE BUILT HERITAGE
According to legend, Our Lady left the sea climbing the cliff of Pedra da Mua on Lagosteiros beach, mounted on a mule, whose footprints marked by the believers, were effectively marks left by paws, but of dinosaurs. From that first moment was a small and beautiful chapel (the Hermitage of Memory) built in the fifteenth century. In its interior it is covered, until half a height, by panels of tiles that tell the history of the sanctuary.
JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DE DINOSSÁURIO DOS LAGOSTEIROS At the top of the top of the northern flank of the cove of Lagosteiros lies the Lagosteiros dinosaur tracks. Dating from the Lower Cretaceous (± 135 M.a.), it is one of the most interesting collections of the Cretaceous of Europe and the only one of this age in Portugal. In this deposit are clues of theropods (carnivorous bipeds) and a long runway of a probable ornithopod (herbivorous biped dinosaur). This place is hosted in PR2SSB – Maravilhas do Cabo.
MUSEU MARÍTIMO DE SESIMBRA The sea is an integral part of the history of Sesimbra and its community. The Maritime Museum of Sesimbra, open to the public since 2016, brings together elements that allow us to understand this history and this experience for five thousand years. The area presents a valuable heritage linked to the sea and fishing, largely due to the proximity to the fishing community. A 5,000-year-old anchor chain associated with navigation in the Roman period and a set of anzo and net weights between 2500 and 200 BC are the oldest artifacts of the exhibition, and transport the visitor in time to meet the various peoples who have passed territory, as well as its strong relationship with the sea.
JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DA PEDRA DA MUA On the southern flank of the Lagosteiros cove, in slabs of limestone from the upper Jurassic (± 150 M.a.), with a slope of about 40 °, we can observe the dinosaur footprints of Pedra da Mua. In this deposit are several sets of tracks left by dinosaurs sauropods (quadrupeds and herbivores) and theropods (bipeds and carnivores). One of the layers reveals seven parallel tracks produced by young sauropods, considered a good example that these animals, at least as young, would behave gregariously. Some of these tracks will be the origin of the legend of Our Lady of the Cape, coming from the Middle Ages (at least from the 14th century), which speaks of the footsteps of a giant mule (or mua, in archaic Portuguese), printed on the top, will have carried Our Lady, or her image, from the sea level to the top of the Cape.
The Interpretive Space of Lagoa Pequena / Lagoa de Albufeira makes the public accessible to one of the most important bird circulation and nesting areas in Europe, forming a Special Protection Area for Birds. It is an area of approximately 1.3 square kilometers that is fenced, and that includes the Small Lagoon and the flooded land, denominated Lagoon of Estacada, the most sensitive zone from the ecological point of view. The visitation area is defined by two routes and three observatories. The great diversity of habitats and conditions of shelter, feeding and nesting for waterfowl, resident and migratory, are conditions that have led to the obligatory integration of this space in the itinerary of birdwatching in Portugal.
Four kilometers from the village of Sesimbra, Parque Augusto Pólvora, in Maçã, is the ideal space for those who are looking for moments of leisure, socializing, resting or practicing sports activities. Along about 5.5 hectares, it is composed of rest and contemplation zones, linked by a pedestrian path. In addition, it has a set of equipment for various purposes, especially the Skate Park, which is at the level of the best in Portugal, and the center for support of outdoor activities, called EcoTrilhos, for trail users and bicycles of all terrain (MTB), which provides information, changing rooms and a bicycle washing station.
NATURAL PATRIMONY
The Várzea Ecological Park (PEV) in Quinta do Conde is located in a wet zone adjacent to the Coina river, a predominantly agricultural and ecological reserve area, located in the parish of Quinta do Conde. It has an area of approximately 112 000m2. A space of great natural value, inserted in the largest ecological corridor of this parish connecting Arrábida to the Tagus and, from now on, also connects the population with the values of the preservation and valorization of the natural heritage.
JAZIDA DOS PINHEIRINHOS
AQUEDUTO DA AZOIA E CASA DA ÁGUA DO CABO ESPICHEL The eighteenth-century aqueduct, which starts in the village of Azoia and culminates in the Water House of Cape Espichel, has an extension of 2 kilometers and guarantees the supply of water to the sanctuary, including the springs, the tanks and the wells that support pilgrims and works.The Water House of Cape Espichel is a building created by King Joseph around 1770, on the occasion of the court’s stay in the sanctuary. The property received water from Azoia through the aqueduct. The Water House has an hexagonal layout and the interior has a source in lioz stone built in the form of a niche with a lion figure, that used to receive water from the aqueduct. The interior walls were lined with panels of blue and white tiles representing scenes of courtesy and hunting, the remains of which are still visible today.
ARTE XÁVEGA
This millenarian fishing is made with the support of an aiola, typical ship of Sesimbra, that transports the net, fixes a cable in the beach, until the outside, making a circular movement to bring the other cable to the sand. Then the net is drawn from the ground by fishermen distributed by the two cables, which join together as the bag approaches the fish. In this process, it is tradition to join many bathers, who help pull the nets to the beach. In the end, if the fishery is good, all the participants are entitled to a part of the fish, called portion.
FORTE DA BARALHA CAPELA DE ALFARIM
Modest seventeenth-century temple of simple plan and gable of two waters, constructed at the expense of the local population. The sacristy is abandoned and includes an eighteenth-century image of St. James the Greater, an eighteenth- century image depicting the Virgin and Child, and a golden carved tabernacle with the custody engraved on the door, probably already in the nineteenth century.
CAPELA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO DOS MAREANTES Built in the fifteenth century by the seafaring and fishermen’s corporation of Sesimbra, the Chapel of the Holy Spirit initially functioned as chapel and hospital. In 1755, the earthquake caused considerable damage to the building, which remained closed until the mid-twentieth century, when it reopened as a Municipal Library. In the 70’s it was the object of excavations that made known the structures of the old hospital, drawings of old ships on the walls, coins, clay pipes, among other objects, which motivated the total recovery of the same already in the beginning of the 21st century.
The “Forte de São Domingos da Baralha”, also known as “Forte da Baralha”, is located near Cape Espichel, in a dominant position on Baleeira Bay, near Sesimbra, in the district of Setúbal, Portugal. It integrated the defensive line of the stretch of coastline called today, in terms of tourism, as “Costa Azul”, and in the 17th century stretched from Albarquel to Sesimbra, complementing the defense of the important maritime settlement of Setúbal.
FORTE DO CAVALO OU DE SÃO TEODÓSIO It was built between 1648 and 1652 to complement the defense of the Bay of Sesimbra. In 1755, the earthquake damaged it, having been recovered and reused in the early nineteenth century. After the liberal struggles it was abandoned and in 1895 it happened to welcome a lighthouse. Of irregular polygonal plan, it presents two south-facing square balconies, that protected the housing complex of the garrison and the loft, a tower of circular plant in the place of arms, that protected the cistern and a lighthouse in the high battery.
IGREJA MATRIZ DE SANTIAGO
CASA DO DESEMBARGADOR Rural building located in the Lands of Calhariz.
Population space occupied initially during the Palaeolithic (between 100 and 10 thousand years BC). Later, during the Neolithic period (VI-IV millennia BC), it was the village settlement established by the community that used the Lapa do Fumo. It is an extensive superficial deposit, located in the north slope of the Serra dos Pinheirinhos cliff, between 202 and 226 meters of altitude. It is about 700 meters from the village and relatively close to Lapa do Fumo.
The Ribeira Park was created in September 2013 and has an area of approximately 40 000 m2. It arose from the need to take advantage of a group of lakes that are closely linked to Ribeira de Coina and which are surrounded by species of native trees with some size and antique. This space functions as a discrete natural area that also offers refuge to some species of bird life that often stay here and make it their habitat.
The Igreja Matriz de Santiago is a sixteenth-century church that transitions between the Manueline style and the Renaissance. 473 years ago, in the year 1533 (finals), construction began. The growth of the church also accompanies the very growth of the village of Sesimbra. The work was to be completed in 1564. During the construction work, religious services were carried out to avoid the arrival of the inhabitants of the village to the Church of Our Lady of the Castle, the only one that existed at the time.
PRAIA DA RIBEIRA DO CAVALO Located in the Bay of Sesimbra, Praia do Ouro beach generally presents a very calm and sandy beach with little slope, without shallows, which makes it ideal for families and children. It is one of the Portuguese beaches that has been flying the Blue Flag of Europe for more years, and has also been distinguished with the Flag of Accessible Beach, awarding the bathing areas with accessibility for people with reduced mobility, and Beach with Quality of Gold, distinction bathing areas which presented excellent water quality.
It is located by the shrine of Cabo Espichel. It is a beach that is difficult to reach, but it compensates us with a scenery of great beauty. Among the cliffs of Cape Espichel, one can observe the tracks of footprints and tail tracks of dinosaurs, sauropods and theropods, about 150 million years old. The place is included in one of the routes of small routes marked in the area.
LAPA DO BUGIO PALÁCIO DE SAMPAIO Natural cave located in the Southeast of Arrábida slope, used as a necropolis from the Neolithic period (IV millennium BC, to the Chalcolithic, 3rd millennium BC) by a mostly agricultural community. The cavity includes an entrance room with a triangular floor plan 9.80 meters wide, 8.80 meters of compliance, 4.40 meters high, compartmentalized in sepulchral space and passage chamber, both artificial. Conditioned access, visited with technical support.
ROÇA DO CASAL DO MEIO Aristocratic palace of the XVIII century, built by the 1st Count of São Payo, D. António de Lusignan. In its chapel there is a neoclassical altarpiece with a Lady with rock. It is decorated with rocaille tiles. In its enclosure is held, in September, the popular Feast of N. S. da Luz. It currently develops rural tourism activities.
FORTALEZA DE SANTIAGO
The Fortaleza de Santiago has been living with the Sesimbra community for 365 years. It was built at a time when danger came from the sea and maritime frontiers had to be defended, however, the course of history made it lose its defensive preponderance. Construction of the seventeenth century, having replaced a sixteenth-century bastion erected during the reign of D. Manuel I (1495-1521). The fortress was built under the guidance of Father João Cosmander, Jesuit of Flemish origin and colonel engineer D João IV (1640-1656). It had already been completed in 1648. After a thorough and specialized work, which preserved to the maximum the initial structure, the Fortaleza de Santiago opened to the public in July 2014 fully restored.
PRAIA DO OURO
PRAIA DOS LAGOSTEIROS
FAROL DO CABO ESPICHEL
For many centuries the Portuguese coast was known by foreign ships, especially the British, as the “black coast” because there was no lighting system that would aid navigation. At the end of the 18th century, the Marquês de Pombal built a network of lighthouses to make it safer, among them Cabo Espichel, one of the oldest in Portugal, built in 1790. Admanding the landscape from the top of the 32-meter tower is, by itself, a unique experience worth the 135 stone steps and 15 iron steps that must be climbed to get there. At an altitude of 168 meters from sea level, the Cape Espichel Lighthouse has a bright range of 26 miles, approximately 48 kilometers, and produces a white light that emits three flashes every 12 seconds. The optical device, smaller than the original, is also composed of air-sea panels that produce light, not only for the horizon, but also for the sky. In the tower it is still possible to see the machines that worked with oil steam and in 1883 they replaced the lamps of Argand, fed with olive oil, and the old system of watchmaking, that in case of breakdown of the motors is ready to take action.
PRAIA DAS BICAS
Characterized by the extensive beach, Moinho de Baixo Beach, in Aldeia do Meco, is one of the most frequented in the municipality of Sesimbra. It gathers several infrastructures to support the vacationers near the main access to the beach. There are even more distant areas for the practice of naturism. In recent years the main access has been improved and, in 2013, a sculpture alluding to the Art Xávega, a fishing activity practiced for many years in this area by the inhabitants of Aldeia do Meco, Alfarim and other localities of the rural area was installed in the entrance of the beach.
EDUCATIONAL AND LUDIC HERITAGE ETHNOLOGICAL HERITAGE
t is located on the western coast, near the connecting channel of the Lagoa de Albufeira to the sea. It is subject to winds from the north and west quadrants and, as such, has a good swell for many days a year, which makes it very popular for surfing, bodyboarding and skimboarding.
Praia das Bicas is located south of the beach of Moinho de Baixo, near the Camping Campimeco. It is facing the west and, as such, it is more exposed to the north and west winds. It is an area much appreciated by surfers and bodyboarders, due to the waves.
JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DA PEDREIRA DO AVELINO In the region of Zambujal de Cima, in an area of limestone extraction, is the Pedreira do Avelino. This quarry is deactivated due to the discovery of interesting tracks of dinosaur footprints in some limestone slabs of the Upper Jurassic (± 155 Ma), exposed by the works of dismantling in the quarry, which led to the classification of the place as a Natural Monument, and later to the construction of the Quarry of Avelino. Several well-conserved sauropod tracks are observed on at least four stratigraphic levels. One of these levels reveals a total of 108 footprints, which comprise a minimum of 5 distinct lanes, some of which are particularly important because they indicate the presence of very different individuals.
PRAIA DA LAGOA DE ALBUFEIRA
LAPA DO FUMO Natural cave located in the southwestern section of Arrábida, used as a necropolis of the community based in its vicinity from the Neolithic, IV millennium BC, to the Islamic occupation in the 12th century, with a coastal surveillance function. The cavity contains a limestone fossil gallery with 70 meters in length divided by several rooms, being the highest 12 meters high and seven meters wide. The human occupation is located in the first large entrance hall. It was classified as Property of Public Interest by Decree-Law no. 28/82 of 26 February. Conditioned access, visited with technical support.
MAR DE ANCÃO
This underwater deposit, located to the southeast of Cape Espichel, had several Roman anchor blocks marked between the 2nd and 5th centuries BC, in a place of difficult crossing, which would have been a possible anchorage for the sea routes. It is about 25 meters deep, near the Arcanzil stone, between Baleeira Bay and the western spur of Cape Espichel. Conditioned access, visited with technical support.
MOAGEM DE SAMPAIO
With a century of history, Moagem de Sampaio is a landmark of the industrial and technological evolution of the county. The rectangular building with white and reddish doors, initially functioned as stables, and later was adapted for grinding, receiving grains from all over the region. Inside it is possible to recall the spaces that once corresponded to the grinding rooms, sales and offices, storage and equipment. On the outside, there are traces of the golden age of its operation, such as a water cooling tank for the engine and a weighing point and sale of the flours produced.
MOINHO DA AZOIA
Built at the end of the 19th century, it was the most western mill of a network of windmills that existed in several hills facing south. It worked until the end of the 20th century and was recently recovered and equipped to return to activity. It is built of stone and lime, with circular plant of 7 meters in diameter, 5.50 meters in height and walls of 1.60 meters in thickness. It housed the grinding mill, attached on the bottom floor to the tank and on the top floor to the sails.
PALÁCIO DO CALHARIZ Casa do Calhariz is owned by the Duke of Palmela, a direct descendant of D. Francisco de Sousa (1631-1711), married to D. Helena of Portugal for whom the palace was built - By tradition, the construction has been attributed to the last barracks of the seventeenth century, perhaps based on the fact that the tiles of the chapel date from 1696. It has been transmitted over the last five centuries to the present owners, whether by marriage or by inheritance, without ever having been the object of an act of sale. This house, located in the countryside, has as landscape the Serra da Arrábida.
PALÁCIO DO PERÚ
18th century residential palace, built by António Cremer, who in 1725 obtained the royal concession for the manufacture of gunpowder in Lisbon. The original building was destroyed by fire, and the present building dates from the twentieth century, according to the design of the architect Raul Lino.
PRAIA DA CALIFÓRNIA
The California Beach is located in the nascent zone of the Bay of Sesimbra, and has generally a calm sea with a beach of little slope. It has been hosting the Blue Flag of Europe for some years.
PRAIA DA FOZ
Located on the west coast, between Cabo Espichel and Praia das Bicas, Praia da Foz is still unknown to many. It has a small sandy beach, ideal for those who prefer to be away from the crowds. The sea is sometimes agitated and forms some currents, thus advising some caution on the part of the bathers.
Built in the 10th century BC, the tomb was associated with an important area of border settlement, housing a ruling elite that had economic and political power, resulting from contacts with communities of Mediterranean origin. It had cover of circular plant with 11,50 meters of diameter, delimited in the base by orthostats and in the top by false dome. It accommodated an inner chamber of 3.30 meters in diameter accessible by a corridor 15 meters in length. It was classified as Property of Public Interest by Decree-Law no. 29/84 of June 25. Conditioned access, visited with technical support.
SANTUÁRIO DO CABO ESPICHEL From the cult of Nossa Senhora do Cabo and the fifteenth century Ermida da Memória, in the 18th century by order of Dom Pedro II and D. José, a sanctuary is built that will last until the XIX century, when it goes into decline. The sanctuary congregates the church built between 1701-1707 in the style of the ground, two wings of inns built after 1715 and enlarged between 1745-1760, the water house dating from 1770 and supplied by an aqueduct and the house of the opera, late nineteen hundreds. It was classified as Property of Public Interest by decree no. 37,728 of January 5, 1950 and Special Protection Zone by the ordinance of November 29, 1963.
SERRA DO RISCO
The top of Serra do Risco is the highest point of the Portuguese mainland coast (380 meters in Píncaro, almost to the sea), with the highest limestone escarpment in Europe. Unlike other reliefs of the region, this elevation does not correspond to a structure in fold (anticlinal), but to a dressage.
SOLAR DA QUINTINHA
The baroque solar is located in the place of the Cotovia and is constituted by several modernized wings. The main one has a terrace supported in arcaria race. It has a private chapel with very simple façade dating from 1738 and has a classic carving altar where, in the throne, an image of Our Lady of Sorrows is presented. The ceiling is plastered and decorated with figures of two Evangelists, St. Paul and St. Peter and Agnus Dei. On the walls there are four paintings of the end of the seven hundreds in the style of Pedro Alexandrino.
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Lagoa de Albufeira
PRAIA DA LAGOA DE ALBUFEIRA
PALÁCIO DO PERÚ
PRAIA DO MOINHO DE BAIXO
ARTE XÁVEGA
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PRAIA DAS BICAS SOLAR DA QUINTINHA
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JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DA PEDREIRA DO AVELINO
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PALÁCIO DE SAMPAIO CASTELO DE SESIMBRA JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DE DINOSSÁURIO DOS LAGOSTEIROS
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ROÇA DO CASAL DO MEIO
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JAZIDA DOS ICONOFÓSSEIS DA PEDRA DA MUA
AQUEDUTO DA AZOIA E CASA DA ÁGUA DO CABO ESPICHEL
IGREJA MATRIZ DE SANTIAGO FORTE DO CAVALO OU DE SÃO TEODÓSIO
JAZIDA DOS PINHEIRINHOS
SANTUÁRIO DO CABO ESPICHEL
FORTE DA BARALHA
LAPA DO BUGIO
CAPELA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO DOS MAREANTES
LAPA DO FUMO
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PRAIA DO OURO PRAIA DA CALIFÓRNIA
FAROL DO CABO ESPICHEL
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PALÁCIO DO CALHARIZ
FORTALEZA DE SANTIAGO
ERMIDA DA MEMÓRIA
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CAPELA DE ALFARIM
PRAIA DA RIBEIRA DO CAVALO
SERRA DO RISCO
MUSEU MARÍTIMO DE SESIMBRA
MAR DE ANCÃO
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PARQUE MARIN
H N A D L A S S Í U L R HO PROFESSO
OCEANO ATLÂNTICO