Future University by anishashikre

FUTURE UNIVERSITY Anisha Shikre | Studio Stacey White Winter and Spring Quarter 2020 California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE NUMBER

00 Acknowledgments

01 Introduction

02 Community Overview

03 Higher Education

04 Vision and Goals

05 Campus Master Plan

06 The Built Environment

07 In Reflection

08 Appendices

100

09 Bibliography

120

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments / 00

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS STUDIO SPONSORS mode associates FIRM PARTNERS LAKE | FLATO Architects BNIM Architects ZGF Architects LPA Architects Taylor Architects CAL POLY Stacey White (Studio Professor) Mark Cabrinha Sandy Stannard Mario Esola Amir Dee Hossler Alyson Liang Travis Koss Tom DiSanto Tom Fowler Carmen Trudell Jeff Ponitz STUDIO FUTURE UNIVERSITY Elizabeth Reed (Project Partner) Daniella Dutcher (San Mateo Team) Erin Conner (San Mateo Team) Abraham Arellano (San Mateo Team) William Talamantes Gabrielle Werst Claire Hohimer Niki Blinov Margarita Ku Jess Corr Leeann Schmutz Rina Fujita Joyi Larrison Aadi Sagar Joel Foster Miles Henry Sarah Gustafson Royce Grundy Alanna Green

Acknowledgments / 00

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

The State of California is considering making the 24th CSU. There are five locations that they are currently studying to be considered for the 24th CSU - Stockton, San Mateo, Concord, Palm Desert and Chula Vista. The study could also conclude that there is no new CSU needed at all, and the funds could be allocated to the existing CSU’s instead, which are already under funded.

In this book, the potential of San Mateo and Stockton as locations are studied and explored. There is a study done on the environment, the demographics, education, and other such factors in both those areas along with a different project and master plan designed in both locations.

1. Stockton - Stockton has one of the worst crime rates in California. It was also one of the few cities in the United States that declared bankruptcy. They need a CSU to rebuild their economy, lower crime rates, and give opportunities to the many students of Stockton who want to, but are unable to attend a 4 year University due to economic and other circumstances.

We started off the quarter as 5 teams of 4 people each, exploring the different locations, and I was in the San Mateo team for most of the first quarter. The projects developed in the end were individual. Towards the end of the first quarter, the studio came together as a whole to study, design and develop a master plan for Stockton. We then divided ourselves up into teams of 2 and each team chose a building on the campus that they wanted to design because they felt it would be a positive addition on the CSU campus. We continued to develop our projects as well as the master plan all throughout the second quarter.

2. San Mateo - The community college, Cañada College, would potentially be converted to the new CSU if this location is chosen. The area currently lacks adequate public transportation and a nearby affordable 4 year University, so the students currently have to commute in heavy traffic to San Jose State University, which is not ideal. Many students are unable to get their degree because of this. 3. Concord - Contra Costa is the only county in the state with a population of at least 1 million that does not have a Cal State or a UC campus. Many high school graduates leave home or commute to another county to pursue a bachelor’s degree. They also do not come back, so they take jobs elsewhere and do not contribute to the economy of Concord. 4. Palm Desert - The students here do not have an opportunity to go to a 4 year University because they cannot afford to leave their homes and go anywhere far. This location has the potential to be a specialised University in terms of health care, which could also help the large elderly population of Palm Desert. 5. Chula Vista - Chula Vista is so passionate about the new CSU that they have already set aside land for this. It is in the middle of a binational space that is home to more than 6 million people. The students who would attend this University could go on to work in international trade. They need more people in the work force and more opportunities for higher education, Each of these locations has their own reasons for which they need a CSU. Currently, $5 billion USD is estimated to be the budget of the new CSU. So careful deliberation is being done on which of these cities will be the location of the new CSU. In this book, Introduction / 01

DESIGN PROCESS AND PROJECT PHASES The entire design process stretched from January to June and was 22 weeks long. Researching San Mateo Group (Master Plan / Site Analysis) Catalytic Project Conceptual Design For San Mateo Site (Prototyping / Adjacency Studies / Test Fits) Developing San Mateo Design Researching and Conceptual Design Stockton - (Master Plan / Site Analysis) Visiting Universities and Site Visit (Stanford University / San Jose State University / Stockton) Team Work - (Prototyping / Defining Narrative / Adjacency Studies / Test Fits) Schematic Design (Creating Solutions / Iterations) Design Development (Developing Solution / Final Drawings)

Introduction / 01

Community Overview San Mateo Stockton

SAN MATEO SITE ASSESSMENT 1. NATURAL RESOURCES

2. HERITAGE

ENERGY: PG&E supplies 9.8 megawatts of energy that are generated and delivered to the region every year. WATER : CRYSTAL SPRINGS DAM: It impounds water to form the Lower Crystal Springs Reservoir which sits atop the San Andreas Fault in a rift valley created by the fault. HETCHY HETCHY REGIONAL WATER SYSTEM : Eighty five percent of the water comes from Sierra Nevada snow melt stored in the Hetch Hetchy reservoir situated on the Tuolumne River in Yosemite National Park. SAN MATEO WATERSHED : The San Mateo Creek Watershed includes three reservoirs: San Andreas Lake, and Upper and Lower Crystal Springs Reservoirs, managed by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission.

San Mateo Bridge : Since 1961 The San Mateo– Hayward Bridge is a bridge crossing the American state of California’s San Francisco Bay, linking the San Francisco Peninsula with the East Bay. Eugene J. de Sabla, Jr., Teahouse and Tea Garden. Early expression of the influence of Japanese culture on the development of Californian design at the beginning of the 20th century. Garden designed by Baron Makota Hagiwara. Japanese farmhouse-style teahouse built for Eugene de Sabla.

Hotel St. Matthew. Best example of an early 20th century hotel remaining in San Mateo. It was esANIMALS : raccoons, skunks, opossums, squirrels, deer, tablished in 1863. It has retained a high level of integrity and significant design qualities which rats and mice, and coyotes. BIRDS : Birds common to the lagoon include avocets, convey the original architectural character of the snowy egrets, night herons, gulls, cormorants, coots, and structure along the street scape. many ducks, to name a few. FISHES : Fish that frequent the lagoon include striped Amelia Vollers House A historic Queen Anne Victorian cottage near downtown San Mateo, bass California. The house was built for the Vollers in and sturgeon. NATIVE PLANTS : Douglas Iris, Coastal Live Oak, Valley 1891 by James Sharpe Tannahill, who also built homes in Redwood City and Menlo Park, and Oak, who went on to build the Kearney mansion in Blue Oak, Coastal Redwood, Common Douglas-fir. Fresno. 2. BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Anisha Shikre | Daniella Dutcher | Erin Conner | Abraham Arellano Community Overview / 01

SAN MATEO SITE ASSESSMENT

Anisha Shikre | Daniella Dutcher | Erin Conner | Abraham Arellano

Community Overview/ 01

SAN MATEO ASSET MAP

Anisha Shikre | Daniella Dutcher | Erin Conner | Abraham Arellano

Community Overview / 01

SAN MATEO - EDUCATION

Anisha Shikre | Daniella Dutcher | Erin Conner | Abraham Arellano

Community Overview/ 01

STOCKTON DEMOGRAPHICS HISPANIC OR LATINO

BLACK

ASIAN

MIXED

WHITE

22.4% BELOW THE POVERTY LINE LARGEST DEMOGRAPHICS IN POVERTY Below the Poverty Line Largest Demographics in Poverty - Females Aged - 25 - Males - 18 - 24

Racial Demographics in Poverty - Hispanic or Latino - White - Asian All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview / 01

COMMUTE TIMES 33.7 min (average travel time) Employees in Stockton have longer commute times than normal US workers 10.9% of the workforce in Stockton have “super commutes” in excess of 90 min.

COMMUTER TRANSPORT The Drive is the highest (79.6%) There is lack of public transportation methods to help this situation

FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION 25.7% born outside of the US Higher than the US average of 13.7% but lower than California average of 26.6%

CITIZENSHIP 86.8% (2018) of the population has a US citizenship The rate of US citizenship has decreased compared to 2017 which was 87.6%

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview/ 01

20 STOCKTON CLIMATE Heat Wave • Scientists have determined that the July 2006 heat wave that killed 140 people across California — and about two dozen people in San Joaquin County — was worsened by climate change. • Researchers with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography traced that humidity to warming ocean currents, which is tied to man-made climate change. Drought From fallowed fields to brown lawns and higher water rates, it’s hard to find anyone who didn’t’ feel some pain as a result of California’s most recent drought. • While many natural factors can drive the amount of rain we get, this drought was very warm, sucking moisture from plants and crops and leaving California in an even more parched condition. • Researchers at Columbia University concluded that, most likely, about 15 to 20 percent of the drought could be blamed on the changing\ Clouds • In Stockton, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year. The clearer part of the year in Stockton begins around May 13 and lasts for 5.4 months, ending around October 24. On July 28, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 92% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 8% of the time. • The cloudier part of the year begins around October 24 and lasts for 6.6 months, ending around May 13. On January 11, the cloudiest day of the year, the sky is overcast or mostly • Warming oceans and melting glaciers and ice sheets are raising • Global sea levels. • The selected sea level scenario points to a 98% risk of at least one • Flood over 3 ft taking place between today and 2050 in the Stockton • Area • That’s a problem since 35 percent of the state’s water supply is stored

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview / 01

STOCKTON CRIME

21 CHANCES OF BECOMING A VICTIM Becoming a victim of Violent Crime: Becoming a victim of Property Crime: Becoming a victim of Any Crime: 1 in 72 1 in 27 1 in 20

Social controls that reduce propensity to commit crime: Internal social norms to follow laws A social environment that favors law-abiding behavior Punishment for breaking laws Strong social ties lead to lower crime rates. Social consequences for criminal behavior are worse when people have stronger social ties. Family disintegration increases crime rates. Adults have a lower propensity for crime, while younger people are more likely to exhibit rule-breaking behavior. People with weaker family relationships have closer ties to their friends, who are more likely to promote criminal behavior.

Stockton has a crime rate of 100% over the national average. Most crimes committed here are property related - this is likely a symptom of 20% of the community living under the poverty line. The number of homeless residents has also tripled since 2017, reaching around 1,000 in 2019. The cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lack of funds following its bankruptcy in 2009 caused a decrease in police funding which makes it increasingly difficult to control violence. Overall, the crime rate is decreasing at about 1% per year. Property Crime: Crime that involves private property; includes burglary, larceny (theft of personal property with intent), theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, shoplifting, and vandalism Violent Crime: Crimes that are originally non-violent but involving a weapon, assault, battery, many related sex offenses, and murder Law Enforcement Personnel: 520 Personnel Per 1,000 People: 1.7

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview/ 01

22 JOBS AND INDUSTRIES • In the 1840’s during the California Gold Rush, European and Americans came to the area. • Stockton grew during the Gold Rush as a river port and hub for transportation. • City’s population continued to grow in 1850s as Chinese immigrants came over and worked for railroad companies. • Hub for transportation and an inland seaport. Still a hub for transportation because of its central location and proximity to freeway systems. Because of this, many companies bring their regional headquarters to Stockton. • Between 1860-1870, Stockton’s population grew by over 173% • There is a steady growth in population ever since then. Too much of a commute to Bay Area / Sacramento, so need for jobs in Stockton itself. Stockton area non farm employment: 4 percent. • About 40,000 new construction jobs. • Stockton is growing in population by about 5% each year since 2010 • Because of the shortage of jobs, man residents of Stockton leave for work early in the morning and return late in the night. • This leads to unsupervised youth, increased high school drop out rates and more frequent serious injuries. • Initiatives been taken to expand the City’s employment base and have a policy that encourages contractors who receive City contracts to hire residents of Stockton.

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview / 01

23 • 1/3rd of Stockton’s factory employment is in the highly seasonal food HIGHEST PAYING INDUSTRIES processing industry The highest paying industry are utili• Other major manufacturing industries include paper, lumber and wood ties, public administration, and finance products, nonelectrical and insurance. Although the agriculture industry is the biggest in Stockton, it is • Machinery, and transportation requirement. one of the lowest paying industries. • 6.2% AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE • Classified as area of PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT

• Civilian Labor Force: 325,100 people • “Non farm” Labor Force: 245,700 people • Trade,Transportation, and Utilities: 68,600 people • Government: 46,500 people • Education and Health Services: 37,300 people • Leisure and Hospitality: 21,900 people • Professional and Business Services: 20,700 people • Manufacturing:19,200 people • Construction: 13,500 people OCCUPATION OPENINGS AND GROWTH BY EDUCATION LEVEL: ENTRY LEVEL: BACHELORS DEGREE:

OCCUPATION OPENINGS AND GROWTH BY EDUCATION LEVEL:

Most Job Openings : - Laborers Most Job Openings : - Personal Care Aides - Substitute Teachers - Cashiers - Registered Nurses Fastest Growing Occu- Accountants and pations : Auditors - Bill and Account colFastest Growing Oc- lectors cupations : - Personal Care Aides - Registered Nurses - Preschool Teachers - Medical and Health Services Managers - Construction Managers

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview/ 01

24 STOCKTON TRANSPORTATION • The city’s arterials and collectors are high stress areas. It is difficult to find low-stress • Routes that allow for traveling between neighborhoods, accessing major destinations. • Most destinations for shopping, employment (Lincoln center), and education (delta • College) can only be accessed through high stress facilities, constraining mobility. • Contributing factors to high levels of traffic stress are high posted speed limits (30-45 • Mph), wide streets with multiple lanes, and a lack of bicycle lanes and paths. Even • Side street segments have signalized crossing of arterials. • About 70 percent of Stockton’s bike lanes, paths, and routes are high stress facilities. Most residents rely heavily on their cars. Means of Transport: • Driving 99%. • Bicycling .6%. • Walking 1.3%. • Mass Transit 1.6%. • Average commute time is 32 minutes. 5.6 minutes more than national average. Circulation across the city is limited to a handful of bridges and underpasses. Stockton Has 7 bicycle only bridges across the city. However, no major street bridges provide Dedicated bicycle facilities. Stockton has 117 miles of existing bike-ways. Portland has 385 miles of bike-ways. San Francisco has 200 miles of bike ways. Overall, the city-wide network is disconnected. Few neighborhoods have access to Inter neighborhood bicycle facilities. Barriers such as waterways, freeways, and high speed arterials limit access to other neighborhoods. Access to downtown is limited to one street with bicycle lanes in certain segments (California street), and no facilities wholly span downtown. North-south connectivity across the city is limited. West lane provides the only designated north-south route from downtown to north of the Calderas river. Many of Stockton’s trails have limited connectivity to onstreet facilities. Stockton’s bike routes are generally unsigned, and many are high-speed, high-volume roadways. All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview / 01

RAIL NETWORK

2000 POPULATION DENSITY TRANSPORTATION NEED

Rails • Passenger service is provided by ACE Train (Monumental Commuter Express) and Amtrak. Both the Robert J. Cabral Station and the Stockton Station Service Amtrak. Highways • Interstate 5 and highway 99 border the city and are primary thoroughfares running north and south through California. Highway 99 is the primary highway through the central valley, linking major valley cities. Interstate 205 and 580 connect Stockton to the S.F. Bay area. Port • Port of Stockton third largest landholder port in CA. The port has a berthing space for 15 vessels including Panama x ships. There is an additional 7.7 million square feet of rail-served warehousing and more than 500 acres of develop-able land available for lease to serve commercial and industrial uses/ cargoes. Bus • Local transportation is provided by the San Joaquin Regional Transit District, which has constructed a new transit center in the heart of Downtown Stockton. Airports • Stockton Metropolitan Airport has one of the longest runways in the region, making it the only-hub in northern CA able to accommodate the entire fleet of wide body aircraft. This is important to companies such as Air Transport International. All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Community Overview/ 01

Higher Education Precedents - University Visits Stockton Education Why do they need a CSU?

28 MASTER PLAN PRECEDENTS

Carnegie Mellon is a private residential research university with about 14000 students. It is a relatively old university, established in 1900. It has lots public green spaces. There is a sense of orthogonal design, which provides organization, but also utilizes walking paths cutting throug the campus, for ease of movement.

MIT is an urban residential campus established in 1861. The campus is situated along the Charles River and is divided in half by the Massachusetts Ave. It is a private research university with 11 574 students. The campus plan is laid out and shaped by the streets of the city allowing easy access to transportation.

UC Berkeley is a public residential research university with about 41000 students. It is a staple part of the Bay Area, being established in 1886. It is well integrated into the city. It also has a variety of sports arenas and performing art spaces that are utilized by both the school and the community.

Columbia University is a private university that was established in 1754, located in Manhattan. It is a residential campus and has a total of about 27000 students There is a good public transport system in the city for the students to get around the city. There is a clear grid within the campus that allows easy and efficient navigation.

Syracuse University was founded in 1831 and is a private university located in the heart of New York State. It is a residential campus and has a total of about 15000 students. The campus is on a hill but it is still easily walkable, there is also sufficient transport within the campus that includes buses.

UC Santa Cruz is a public residential research university with about 19000 students. It has easy access to the forest, ocean, and town. The campus is somewhat spread out; however, there is an established system of paths throughout, allowing for high walkability. RINA FUJITA

Higher Education / 03

MARGARITA KU

JOYI LARASARI

HKU is a relatively new university established in 1911. It is a residential campus focusing on public research and situated in Hong Kong Island with 22 514 students. A University District is created by linking communities to maximize sustainability. The layout of access points encourages a car-free campus.

University of Arizona is a public research university with about 43,000 full time students. It is a residential campus. The campus is broadly divided into quadrants. They expand into the neighborhood with some campus housing. The gridded campus makes it easy to navigate.

Yale University is a private university that was established in 1701. It is a residential campus and has about 12000 students. The streets that run along the campus are wide for easy vehicular transportation. It is also mostly flat, making it easy to get around by walking. ANISHA SHIKRE

ARCH 352-05

STACEY WHITE

1D COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

WHAT MAKES A CAMPUS SUCCESSFUL?

Anisha Shikre | Niki Blinov | Alanna Green | Miles Henry

Higher Education / 03

30 STANFORD VISIT

Higher Education / 03

31 Stanford University is a private research University located in Stanford, California. The Mayor of Stockton, Mayor Michael Tubbs went to this University and this is the reality he wants for the people of Stockton. The University is a private University, it has a very high tuition and a very low acceptance rate. Our observation when we visited the University were the following • Almost everyone on the main campus was either biking or walking, we felt that there was a lack of campus culture and stopping to talk to peers, it was a serious environment. Later we got to know that it was because when we arrived, the students who were out and about were the graduate students, who kept mostly to themselves. • As the day progressed, the campus became more and more crowded. The corridors became crowded and as did the main access to the University. • The University is defined by its main quad, which is a big courtyard in the middle of the campus. The main quad has multiple roads leading to it and away from it. • The campus has many outdoor places to sit around greenery. • The campus Architecture is somewhat consistent and repeated throughout the areas of the campus • We felt as though the buildings in the University had a feeling of being ‘big and important’ and they motivated you to want to study. • Later on we discovered that there actually seemed to be a strong sense of campus culture. A lot of the housing was located on campus. • The Performing Arts Center - Bing Concert Hall is located at the north east corner of the campus, closer to the community so that people belonging to the city can park easily and come to the Hall easily. It is very accessible to the rest of the community. • Even the modern and new buildings on campus are inspired by the existing Architecture. • Because of the prestige of the University, there are students from all over America and the world.

Higher Education / 03

32 SAN JOSE VISIT

Higher Education / 03

33 San Jose State University is a California State University that is loacted in San Jose, California. Our observations when we visitied SJSU were as follows • The campus is very urban. It is almost hard to tell when the campus starts. It is very much merged to be a part of the city, especially its edge condition. • The library is one of the connectors of the community to the rest of the campus. For this reason, the library is equipped with security and other amenities to ensure its safety for the students. It is used as a pass over building and is also one of the first campus buildings you see from the main road. • Within the campus itself, it is mostly pedestrian traffic with barely any bike traffic. • There are a lot of green spaces on the campus itself, but it is very obvious that it is not the culture of the campus to occupy these green spaces. • It is a small campus so there are many multi story buildings, including the library. The library was one of the first multi-story buildings in San Jose and it went on to become a catalyst for change and urbanisation in the rest of the city. Our intent with the buildings in CSU Stockton was the same. To have the buildings become catalyst’s for the rest of the city to re-develop. • A large number of diverse population attends San Jose State University, because the population of the city is such. All around the University are posters and fliers promoting diversity and inviting conversation about it. It is clear that the campus is very diverse and also made to do its best to welcome people from all different cultures. • The population of the University mostly consists of students living in California, as well as a fair number of students who live close enough to commute to and back from the University daily.

Higher Education / 03

34 SAN MATEO EDUCATION • Canada College Facts • Canada College serves 6,498 students (17% of students are full-time). • Minority enrollment is 72% of the student body (majority Hispanic), which is more than the state average of 68%. • The college’s student:teacher ratio of 48:1 is higher than the state community college average of 44:1. • The nearest community college to Canada College is College of San Mateo (7.0 miles away). • Canada College is one of 3 community colleges within San Mateo County, CA. • The student population of Canada College has stayed relatively flat over five years. • The student:teacher ratio of 48:1 has stayed the same over five years. • The Canada College diversity score of 0.66 is less than the state average of 0.73. The school’s diversity has stayed relatively flat over five years. Canada College provides students with an opportunity to transfer to four-year universities, earn professional certificates, or improve basic academic skills. Canada is a comprehensive college that offers courses, degrees and certificates in many subject areas. The local community provides the resources that keep classes small and permit us to provide the personal touch to promote student success. We are here to serve the community’s academic and workforce training needs. Canada offers bachelor’s degrees in an array of programs through the first University Center developed in California. More than 1,000 students are on campus earning four-year degrees in nursing, business administration, allied health, child and adolescent development, art, psychology in this unique program initially funded by the California Legislature. This institution of higher learning opens doors for adult learners looking for a career change or advancement in your existing career. You can pursue a career in medical assisting, radiologic technology, multimedia, early-childhood education, fashion design, interior design, human services, accounting, business technology, and many other fields that are described on this site.

35 The San Mateo County Office of Education is committed to ensuring and improving the quality of learning and achievement for all students in San Mateo County by providing exemplary leadership and innovative, effective programs and services which enable local districts and the County Office to educate students to succeed. At SMCOE is dedicated to serving our county’s 23 school districts in a shared mission to deliver a top rate educational experience for our county’s nearly 94,000 students. PreK-12 education in California is undergoing dramatic change. Schools and districts are focused on implementing the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics and Language Arts as well as the Next Generation Science Standards. Our teachers continue to deepen content knowledge, hone instructional skills and pursue innovation to realize positive student outcomes. The San Mateo County Office of Education remains fully committed to providing the leadership, expertise, resources and training necessary to support their success. These are exhilarating, if challenging times, but the San Mateo County Office of Education is excited and proud to work alongside our education and community partners in ensuring all our county’s students are well prepared to meet the demands of today’s fast-paced, global society.

36 STOCKTON EDUCATION LARGEST UNIVERSITIES IN College Statistics STOCKTON: In 2017, Stockton awarded 7,346 degrees. SAN JOAQUIN DELTA COLLEGE There are 10,821 male students and 15,622 female students. • 17,531 students (5,991 • Most popular college is San Joaquin Delta College: FTES) There are 18, 572 students enrolled in the college, with 41% of them full • Has the most students time students. graduated • 71% are students of color. UNIVERSITY OF THE PACIFIC • It has an above average percentage of full time students (41%) com• 4,921 students (4498 pared to the California average of 22%. FTES) • 27 % of students complete college, which is just 2% below the average. TEACHERS COLLEGE OF SAN Transfer out rate is 7%. JOAQUIN • 63% of the students live in Stockton and only 6% of the students live • 44 500 students around out of the Stockton area. the area • The course success rate is 69%. Around 100 students transfer to UC • Only 17% of adults over schools per year from San Joaquin. the age of 25 have a • Around 800 students transfer to CSU schools per yer from San Joaquin bachelors degree or Delta Community College District higher • Free and reduced-price meal: 74.5% • Graduates meeting UC/ CSU course requirements (C or better): 35.4% • Dropout rate: 9.7% • Chronic Absenteeism rate: 20% • Mostly women graduates • Largest universities in Stockton: San Joaquin Delta College, University of Pacific, Teachers College of San Joaquin • Popular Majors: General Ed, Humanistic Studies, Liberal Arts and Sciences • High school graduation Rate: 76.4%

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Higher Education / 03

37 • For the 2020 school year, there are 63 public schools in Stockton Unified School District, serving 40,775 students. • Public school in Stockton Unified School District have an average math proficiency score of 20% (versus the California public school average of 37%), and reading proficiency score of 26% (versus the 48% statewide average). This district’s average school ranking is in the bottom 50% of public schools in California. • The top ranked public school in Stockton Unified School District are Stockton Unified Early College Academy, Pacific Law Academy and Health Careers Academy. Overall school rank is based on a school’s combined math and reading proficiency test score ranking • Minority enrollment is 94% of the student body (majority Hispanic), which is more than the California public school average of 77% (majority HisThe University of the Pacific, a private Methodist uni- panic). versity, is the area’s major institution of higher learn-• The student:teacher ratio of 28:1 is more than the California public school average of 23:1. ing. Offering more than 80 undergraduate majors and 18 graduate programs, the university serves many• Stockton Unified School District, which is ranked underrepresented minorities. Other nonprofit post- within the bottom 50% of all 1,005 school districts in California (based off of combined math and secondary schools in the region include San Joaquin reading proficiency testing data) for the 2016-2017 Delta College, a community college, and Humphreys school year. College, a private, not-for-profit 2-year school with • The school district’s graduation rate of 77% has incampuses in Stockton and nearby Modesto. creased from 71% over five school years. The heart of a highly productive agricultural region, GRADUATION RATE Stockton still depends to a significant degree on neighboring communities’ farming output for its economy. However, other industries, including shipping and manufacturing, are also important contributors to local prosperity. Stockton is located in one of California’s 11 major ports, which is an important distribution center for goods and agricultural products. The largest corporate employers in the city include O-G Packing Co. and Diamond Walnut. As with many American cities, educational, health and professional services also constitute a large segment of the economy. The University of the Pacific, a private Methodist university, is the area’s major institution of higher learning. Offering more than 80 undergraduate majors and 18 graduate programs, the university serves many underrepresented minorities. Other nonprofit postsecondary schools in the region include San Joaquin Delta College, a community college, and Humphreys College, a private, not-for-profit 2-year school with campuses in Stockton and nearby Modesto All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Higher Education / 03

38 WHY DOES SAN MATEO NEED A CSU? The county has no public four-year university, leaving students to transfer to San Francisco State University, San Jose State University or CSU East Bay. In a letter addressed to advocate for the CSU, a number of reasons are cited to highlight the need for it. “Though geographically close in proximity, the realities of severe transportation congestion and increased housing scarcity and insecurity particularly on the Peninsula,make accessing these universities difficult for many students and for many others simply impossible,” the letter states. Community College Board President Maurice Goodman described traffic, housing challenges and the cost of living as “barriers” that have prevented students from transferring and attending the nearest four-year state universities. “I’ve seen students get accepted to San Jose State or CSU East Bay who couldn’t go,” Goodman said. “The cost of housing and transportation is almost like going to college around the state or out of state.” Said Hill: “The congestion and the cost of commuting have made San Francisco State and San Jose State inviable options.” Fifteen of California’s community colleges offer officially sanctioned four-year degree programs, including Skyline College, where a student can obtain a Bachelor of Science degree in Respiratory Care in cooperation with San Francisco State. Cañada offers four-year Bachelor’s degrees in Human Services, Business Administration and Arts in Psychology. But those degrees are awarded by Notre Dame De Namur University in Belmont. Cañada provides the facilities. Other degrees were offered at Cañada stating in 2002, but funding cuts forced the program to close in 2008. Hill called the Cañada campus “a perfect location and perfect campus,” a sentiment echoed by Goodman, who said the campus can accommodate the growth in student population that would come with a four-year college. “The state of our facilities is excellent, it’s a beautiful campus with land to build on in the heart of Silicon Valley,” Goodman. The legislators and Goodman noted that a CSU at Canada would save the state the cost of building a new CSU campus, estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Hill said he thought a CSU campus at Cañada could mean an estimated 5,000 students at the Redwood City campus, which currently has an enrollment of about 7,000, according to the most recent data. A data sheet included with the Hill-Mullin letter “confirms that thousands of students are graduating from community colleges throughout the Peninsula with nowhere to go.” From 2012-2018, 13,490 students earned degrees or professional certificates from the districts three colleges, but 7,112, or 52.7 percent, did not go on to enroll at a four-year institutions, according to the data. Those students who did not continue on to college and a four-year degree “were more likely to be members of marginalized and under served communities of color, with 1 in 3 also being first-generation students,” the data sheet reports. “There is an unmet need for public, four-year university education in San Mateo County,” the letter concludes.

Higher Education / 03

WHY DOES STOCKTON NEED A CSU?

Stockton, with about 315,000 residents, has been served for years by a satellite campus at University Park that is connected to CSU Stanislaus’ main campus 45 miles away in Turlock. About 800 students attend the Stockton campus, according to reports from 2019. CSU Stanislaus serves about 9,000 additional students in Turlock. Gov. Gavin Newsom included $2 million in his 2019-20 budget to explore the potential of a new California State University in San Joaquin County, with the most likely location site being in Stockton. “The Stockton-Lodi region represents the largest area in the state without a public 4-year university. As a result, many of our students leave our city to attend college elsewhere in the state and, sadly, many never return,” the mayor’s office said. “This exodus leaves Stockton with a college degree rate of 17%, which is far below the state average.” Eggman calls Stockton an “educational desert”; with Lodi, it forms the largest metropolitan area in California without a public four-year university. That’s a challenge for the many Stockton students who come from close-knit immigrant and low-income families and want to stay home to save money or help with household responsibilities. Local options are slim, including San Joaquin Delta College—a community college—and University of the Pacific, a $48,000-a-year private college that feels worlds apart from the rest of Stockton, with its verdant lawns and Tudor-style buildings. Stockton needs a CSU to help re built their economy and to allow many of the students of Stockton the opportunity to be able to acquire a 4 year university degree. Right now, the 4 year colleges in Stockton are either too expensive or simply do not offer many majors. This means that a lot of the students of Stockton have to move away from home, which they cannot afford and take even more years to graudate. A 4 year CSU campus will change all of that for the students of Stockton. It can also help lower the crime rate in Stockton by converting one of the most dangerous areas of Stockton to a hub of education and prosperity. It has the potential to change the circumstances of many students of Stockton, changing their perspectives and attitudes about their own city.

Higher Education / 03

Vision and Goals San Mateo Stockton

42 SAN MATEO

OUTREACH San Mateo has an inherent conflict in its location of the campus. On one hand, there is Silicon Valley, a huge tech industry and an up and coming place for a lot of young professionals. But, on the other hand, that makes it one of the least affordable places even for locals who have lived there for years. There is unequal access to success. The Universities nearby are the San Mateo Community College, Canada College and Stanford University. Standford University is not a viable option for everyone living in San Mateo because it is an exclusive private university with high tuition costs and very low acceptance rates. The closest four year CSU University near this neighborhood is San Jose State University. Right now, with the severity of traffic and serious lack of good and efficient public transportation, it makes it almost impossible for anyone in this neighborhood to commute as far as San Jose to attend college. That is why Canada College is being proposed as the new CSU Silicon Valley. The college already has existing infrastructure so developing a new CSU here will save millions of dollars. The location can also be taken advantage of, right now it shows that amongst the CSU system, the colleges that Silicon Valley hires the most number of people are from San Jose State University and Cal Poly. Having a CSU in the hub of Silicon Valley will give many students access to opportunities in the tech industry. The college can also be more engineering and tech focused. Having a CSU Silicon Valley would increase the number of students who attend a 4 year university in the area immensely. Right now, a lot of the students attend either San Mateo Community College or Canada College as a 2 year University, but then never go on to attend any other University and finish their degree because of the lack of access to another University.

HOW MIGHT WE QUESTIONS While thinking about How might we...? Questions for San Mateoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s CSU Silicon Valley. We divided into the following categories : Site + Environment Community Health + Wellness Circulation Smart Growth We looked at our own campus for inspiration about what we would want to change or improve upon. Similar to the site conditions in Canada college, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo has a very hilly terrain. In our college, there is lack of efficient movement around the campus especially when one is injured, and has to solely rely on the golf carts provided by the DRC. We wanted to find a way to combat this in Canada College. Other things we wanted to change are the green spaces already existing in the college, we wanted to be able to add to these green spaces as numerous studies have shown that students increasingly use these spaces to get some relief from the crowded libraries. Vision and Goals / 04

We looked at other problems that we though we came across in our university, such as ‘major-ism’ and conceptions that everyone in this school has of each other and their respective majors. Often times we found that students were very caught up in their own majors and were disconnected with students of any other majors. Having more common spaces for everyone to work in and foster more sense of community would help with making this CSU campus more united. The circulation and movement around campus was also very important to us. Our own campus and city lacks effective circulation and transportation. Incorporating this in the San Mateo Campus was very important to us. Effective circulation and easy short cuts and paths to classes are what students thrive on. We have many such hidden paths and short cuts in Cal Poly and being able to incorporate more obvious ones in the CSU would help the students greatly. ‘Smart Growth’ and ability to further expand even more than now is an important aspect in converting Canada College in the CSU. The college does not have a lot of land, and is completely surrounded by single family neighborhoods which would make it very hard to be able to expand in size in terms of land. The other option is to be able to build up and set up the buildings around the campus in such a way that this process is successful. Not having the buildings too close to each other, having taller buildings, wider paths and still leaving green spaces around campus was important to make sure that this University can be expanded in the future if there is a need for it. All of these aspects were important to us to ensure that the future CSU is successful.

Vision and Goals / 04

44 STOCKTON

OUTREACH Stockton is a city which has one of the highest crime rates in the State of California. This makes it one of the most unsafe places to be in and to grow up in the state of California. With a very high population of POC and many low income residents, it has become very hard for the people of Stockton to be able to get out of this cycle of crime and poverty. A study done on the school system of Stockton found that many of the high schools of Stockton were not even offering the courses needed in order to be able to be admitted into a four year University. The election of Mayor Tubbs of Stockton has helped improve and correct this, but there are still a long ways to go. It is very important that, in a situation that a CSU Stockton is made, the safety and security of the students on the campus is ensured. When talking to some teachers who teach in a high school on the existing site We raised the question of whether the site should be gated and barred from the rest of the community as it is now. They responded by saying that the gates either ways do not help, and whoever wants to come in, comes in. We want to be able to challenge this and ask the questions of how can we improve the conditions so that we welcome the community, but at the same time, ensure the safety of students? Creating more green spaces, and boundaries through shrubbery instead of gates, could help this condition. Right now, Stockton has one of the highest rates of high school misdemeanors, absentees, and drop outs. The reason for this is that, the parents of the students often times have to commute to the Bay Area, San Francisco or Sacramento for their jobs. These are all long commutes that result in them being absent for most of the day, leaving their children unsupervised. It is unfair of them to be asked to choose between their jobs and livelihood, and the safety and prosperity of their children, so our aim with CSU Stockton is to be able to provide facilities and options for the students to be in, so that their parents can go to work without worrying about the well being of the children. We want the buildings on the campus to cater to not only the students of the University, but also the middle school and high school students. We want the students of Stockton to be able to ‘be what they can’t see’. Right now, all they see are prisons, and high crime rates, and bankruptcy. By providing a University that is affordable in the hub of the city near the downtown, we hope to inspire the students with the different buildings in the University. We hope they can look at the University and be inspired to work towards that.

Vision and Goals / 04

HOW MIGHT WE QUESTIONS Some of the main questions to raise and think about when considering a CSU in Stockton are How might we create a safe and secure campus? How might we welcome new students to the campus? How might we provide a university in a city which has the highest crime statistics in the state? How might we engage the community of Stockton through this campus? How might we benefit the community of Stockton? How might we turn the unsafe areas of Stockton to a hub of prosperity? How might we promote more students to earn their degrees and graduate? How might we help the economy of Stocktonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s to recover? How might we ensure that students who attend CSU Stockton will graduate? How might we ensure that students who graduate from CSU Stockton will get jobs? How might we make CSU Stockton mlore affordable for the residents of Stockton? These are all the questions we want to raise and tackle in the making of the Master Plan of CSU Stockton. It is very important to us to be able to include the community of Stockton in this process and wholly benefit them through CSU Stockton. The state has an obligation to the citizens of Stockton to help then get out of this hole of bankruptcy and economic difficulties. CSU Stockton would be a great way to help so many of the students in Stockton to achieve their potential and go on to help their own Cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy. Through visiting the site and the highschools on it, as well as the existing CSU Stannis Laus, we saw the drive that many students in Stockton do have to graduate from a 4 year University and get a job. Due to the lack of opportunities that many of these low income students have within their own home town, they have been unable to do so. We hope that CSU Stockton can help a lot of these students to achieve their goals.

Vision and Goals / 04

Campus Master Plan Precedents San Mateo Master Plan Stockton Master Plan

48 PRECEDENTS

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 1

EAST LOS ANGELES COLLEGE

It is one of the safest colleges in the United States. It is a community college, that is based around art. It is also surrounded by primarily neighborhoods and a shopping center. It is well integrated into the community through the campus edge. It is smaller in area than the proposed CSU Stockton but it is surrounded by a very similar urban fabric in an area where establishing a sense of arrival is important. Although the crime rates are fairly high like that of Stockton, it still manages to be one of the safest colleges in America.

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Campus Master Plan / 05

UNIVERSITY OF THE PACIFIC [Already in Stockton]

A private Methodist-affiliated university with abut 5,000 students in Stockton, CA. University of the Pacific exists nearby the proposed CSU Stockton campus and creates a sense on community and safety. But the university is also closed off to the rest of the community, gated, and its own entity. It is a private University so it is more expensive than anyone who lives in Stockton can afford.

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Campus Master Plan / 05

50 PRECEDENTS

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

It is one of the most â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;dangerousâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; colleges in America. It consists of an expanded community of 28,000 people who study, work and live on a campus that covers 217 acres of land and houses almost 16 million square feet of University buildings. It is completely shut off from the rest of the community, and the students have a habit to rarely step out of the campus. The conditions may be similar to that of CSU Stockton but this is the opposite of what we want to do in CSU Stockton in terms of relationship with the community.

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Campus Master Plan / 05

SAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY

San Jose State University is a university that has adequate public transportation for the students to live off campus and be able to enter campus. They also became the hub of development in the community through their urban buildings on campus. The edge condition of the campus integrates to the downtown of the city completely.

All Stockton Research has been done with joint collaboration of Studio White. Campus Master Plan / 05

52 SAN MATEO MASTER PLAN BUILDING ARRANGEMENTS : There are a number of existing building on this campus. The master plan proposes to keep most of these buildings and retrofit them to accommodate for the increase in the number of students. HOUSING: The housing is located at the perimeter of the campus, beyond the grove of trees. The housing is comprised of a mix between dormitories and apartment housing. It is estimated that some of the apartments in the housing department would be used by students who potentially have families. FACULTY HOUSING : We plan to keep the existing faculty housing on the campus. UNIVERSITY UNION : The University union is located in the middle of the campus where there is the most green space. This is estimated to be the hub of the campus, so it needs to be the most accessible building on the campus; The union is also estimated to have many of the services that would potentially be used by a large population of this campus.

MASTER PLAN SAN MATEO PEOPLE : The student population that we are catering to are going to be low income, first generation students. More people of color will attend this college. According to research, it is also estimated that the population attending this college will be older than the average population. ROADS : The roads are meant to be for mostly pedestrian and bicycle use. The roads at the perimeter of the campus are meant to be vehicular so that you can enter through your vehicle but then there is no vehicular traffic within the campus itself. GREEN SPACES : As this is a small campus, green studying spaces are a priority on this campus. There is the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;groveâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; which includes the existing trees already on the campus. There is also a baseball and soccer stadium at the edge of the campus. The baseball stadium was pre existing and the soccer stadium was added where there was an empty space.

Campus Master Plan / 05

LIBRARY : The library is located at the top of the hill, overlooking the campus. It is also located in the middle of the campus and near the perimeter so that it can be equally accessible to the students living on campus as well as to the community. ACADEMIC BUILDINGS : The academic buildings are located around the library and union. They are spread out and are probably going to be multi story buildings. Most of the academic buildings are either located in their own clusters and connected with various roads leading up to them. RECREATION CENTER : The Rec Center would be located near the baseball and soccer fields so that they are easily accessible to the athletes. It is somewhat separate from the main campus but still close enough for the people living on campus to access it. It is located near the academic buildings as well so that students who live off campus will also be able to easily access the recreation center after class. SURROUNDINGS : The campus is mostly surrounded by single family neighborhoods.

Anisha Shikre | Daniella Dutcher | Erin Conner | Abraham Arellano

Campus Master Plan / 05

54 STOCKTON MASTER PLAN BUILDING ARRANGEMENTS :

LIBRARY / UNION : The library and Union are two separate buildings that are located on either side of EXISTING BUILDINGS : There are many existing the man made lake that is already pre existing on the buildings on the campus; Some of which are aban- campus doned or old, and others that are historic buildings. In out master plan, most of the existing buildings are ACADEMIC BUILDINGS : The academic buildings going to be demolished and some of them will be re are located all around the east, north and south side purposed and retro fitted. of the campus. They are mostly centrally located with a few academic buildings located at the perimeter. HISTORIC BUILDINGS : There are two historic buildings on campus that cannot be torn down. They RECREATION CENTER : The Rec Center is located are the mental institution (that is now CSU Stannis on the south west corner of the campus. Laus) and the caretakerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house. We plan to re purpose these existing buildings. HOUSING : The housing is spread out, it is located on the south side of the campus as well as towards TRANSIT CENTER : It is located on the south east the north next to the lake. side of the campus, at its perimeter and near the train tracks. HEALTH : The Health Center is located on the north side of the campus close to the edge of the campus PERFORMING ARTS CENTER : The performing arts and near the hospital that is off campus. center is located on the south side of the campus, at the perimeter of the campus and close to the down- SURROUNDINGS : The immediate campus is mosttown. it is also located here so that it can be close to ly surrounded by residential neighborhoods. Further the transit center. The transit center and PAC share a down south is the downtown of the City. courtyard and ticket booth.

MASTER PLAN SAN MATEO PEOPLE : The student population that we are catering to are going to be mostly locals that already live in Stockton and that have attended the high schools and middle schools in Stockton itself. ROADS : The roads are meant to be for mostly pedestrian and bicycle use. There are vehicular roads connected to the campus that can be potentially used to reach the perimeter of the campus. But overall, the campus is designed to limit the use of vehicles on it. GREEN SPACES : The campus is mostly flat with very little or no terrain. It is a large space so there is plenty room for green spaces and courtyards. EXISTING CONDITIONS : There are two existing man made lakes on the campus. They are there to honor the people who died in the mental institution that is now re purposed on the campus.

Campus Master Plan / 05

Studio Stacey White.

Campus Master Plan / 05

The Built Environment San Mateo Library Stockton Performing Arts Center

58 LIBRARY + FABRICATION CENTER - CSU SILICON VALLEY

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The role of my building is to bring people of the campus together to a space that they can go to study individually or with groups. It is to provide a safe space for students to meet counselors and career advisors. The library also incorporates an innovation center that enables the students on the campus to develop their projects, start ups, and meet up with potential investors.

The Built Environment / 06

PEOPLE For the San Mateo campus, we are specifically designing for first generation, low income college students. First generation students, in most cases, tend to be Hispanic or African American. A fewer percentage of first generation college students enroll in college right after high school than non-first generation students. Because of this, many first generation students might be over the age of 25 and could potentially be married or have children. I want first generation students to be able to go to the library and have access to all the resources they need to succeed. I want them to be able to drop of their children, sleep, study, have meetings, and even be outdoors. The library can be a space for collaboration, rest, and success.

59 ADJACENCY STUDY

PRINT AND COPY FISH BOWLS QUIET STUDY

OPEN STUDY SPACE

MEDITATION

CAFE

SLEEPING ROOM

LOUNGE

INDIVIDUAL STUDY

CAREER ADVISING

ARTS AND CRAFTS CENTER

OPEN SHELVING

FABRICATION CAFE PROTOTYPING STORE DEDICATED OFFICSHARED OFFICES ENCLOSED OFFICES

FACULTY OFFICES / CAREER ADVISING FABRICATION CENTER SLEEP ROOM / MEDITATION QUIET STUDY SPACE PROTOTYPING CENTER INDIVIDUAL STUDY AREA OPEN STUDY AREA LOUNGE CAFE

The Built Environment / 06

60 SITE PLAN

The Built Environment / 06

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 1

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 2

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 3

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 4

The Built Environment / 06

62 LIGHTING ANALYSIS / EUI

The Built Environment / 06

SECTION - NORTH / SOUTH

SECTION - EAST / WEST

The Built Environment / 06

64 INTERIOR VIGNETTES LIBRARY

The Built Environment / 06

INTERIOR VIGNETTES FABRICATION CENTER

The Built Environment / 06

66 STOCKTON COMMUNITY CENTER

All the drawings and research has been done in collaboration with Elizabeth Reed (Studio Project Partner) PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Many of Stockton’s major issues stem from a lack of community and opportunity for young people. The youth of Stockton needs more supervision, because they have parents who have to commute for a long time to work and back. The community center can be a space for them to be in when they cannot be at home. This deficiency likely increases crime committed by youth who have no other outlets, diminishes their interest and participation in school, and gets in the way of their desire and ability to pursue higher education and contribute to the economic growth of the city. Our goal is to create a building that: gives Stockton’s youth the exposure, role models, and experiences that they’re currently lacking; provides a space for Stockton’s existing artists to showcase their work and inspire future artists, and that brings Stockton’s broader community together. How will our building help the students? Our building will help the college students to interact with the high school students and be able to gain leadership abilities and qualities. It will also be the ‘in between’ space for the college students to go to in between their classes. It will help the high school students to be more motivated to follow the path of the college students and be encouraged by their success. Most of the people in Stockon are people of color that stastically, are lesser likely to graduate at all and on time. Having resources to aid that will help the community.

The Built Environment / 06

PEOPLE Our Performing Arts Center is catered to the students of CSU Stockton as well as the community of Stockton. Our building wants to be the bridge between the university and the community. We want our building to be accessible to the community so that it can be the start to building up the community and fostering a sense of belonging in them. We are also catering it to the low income and minority students who will be attending CSU Stockton. What jobs are we preparing people for? Jobs in the local art community. We can create gallery and exhibition space for local artists and performers to further their own careers and boost Stockton’s arts economy. This could also inspire a new generation of artists in Stockton. We want our the students of CSU Stockton to boost their own economy so that they can help better the conditions in the community step by step.

PROGRAM

This building’s various programs will create community within Stockton. THE GRAND THEATRE: place for local performers to express themselves and their art, a place for the people of Stockton to gather and experience something together, as a community. BACKSTAGE: to provide facilities to support the grand theatre. WORKSHOP/ GALLERY SPACE: This will serve as a multi-use space used for art galleries and career fairs as well as to conduct. AMPHITHEATER: To take advantage of the good weather of Stockton and provide flexibility for different event types. The amphitheater is located at the back of the theatre as steps coming down from the theatre can be doubled as community seating for the college COMMUNITY CENTER: The community center is located on the first and second floor. TERRACE: The outdoor terrace is located where the south western views can be taken advantage of. LOBBY: Separate lobbies for the performance space and the community center so that the community center can be used independent of the performance space as and when needed. What is the role of the community center? The community center in our building serves as place to allow for interaction between the high school students of Stockton as well as the college students. The youth in Stockton lack role models and are often limited in career paths because they aren’t exposed to all the different possibilities, especially in the creative field. The different program we’ve included will serve to engage the youth of Stockton and college students, and motivate them to “be what they see”. How do the other programs serve to help the community? The other programs such as the galleries and workshop spaces allow the people of Stockton to explore different career options that they would not have come across before, such as dance and art. This allows the community to ‘see what they can be’. The building will be the threshold between the community and the campus. It will also be a place for students across different majors to come together.

The Built Environment / 06

STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA

PERFORMING ARTS CENTER

The Built Environment / 06

70 FLOOR PLAN LEVEL - 1

The Built Environment / 06

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 1

The Built Environment / 06

72 FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 2

The Built Environment / 06

FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 3

The Built Environment / 06

74 SITE PLAN

The Built Environment / 06

ENERGY ANALYSIS

The Built Environment / 06

76 INTEGRATED SECTION - NORTH / SOUTH

The Built Environment / 06

78 INTEGRATED SECTION - EAST / WEST

The Built Environment / 06

80 ELEVATION - NORTH

The Built Environment / 06

82 COMMUNITY CENTER

84 LOBBY OF PERFORMANCE SPACE

86 TERRACE

88 TERRACE

90 ENTRANCE FROM NORTH FACADE

The Built Environment / 06

Reflection

98 REFLECTION Ultimately, it is a hard decision to decide which location the next CSU is in. How do you decide which of the people in each cities deserve it the most when everyone makes a case for it? Stockton, however, is undeniably in need of a CSU. The site itself, has a great potential to be a University. This one University could help its economy greatly. It could help change the lives of many of the students of Stockton and in turn the city itself. The city is in need of many jobs that can greatly benefit the people of Stockton if they are qualified for the jobs. The crime rates can reduce greatly by having this CSU be in the hub of the city. The local business that already exist will also recieve a lot of new business opportunities in the wake of a CSU being developed in Stockton. Most of all, it is clear that CSU Stockton can benefit the students and residents of Stockton the most, who have been in dire need of actions to take place by the State to slowly and steadily help them recover.

HOW WILL THE BUILDINGS ON CAMPUS HELP STOCKTON? The buildings on campus designed by each of my classmates have been specifically designed to fit in Stockton itself, and they simply would not work anywhere else. For example, the performing arts center that my partner and I designed is a unique one. It combines a community center along with the performance space. The community center which comes with workshop and gallery spaces are set up so that they will help the future college students of CSU Stockton to explore options that they may not have thought about before, especially in the arts field. A lot of the times, especially in the arts field, students tend to think of the field as more of a hobby and not so much something they can make a career out of even if they wanted to. We are trying to provide the facilites that enables them to ‘be what they can’t see’ and stretch their boundaries. We want the students of Stockton to have all the options available to them so that they can choose which path they want to go down. The Performance space is also important so that the students of Stockton can get inspired. It was also very important to us because we wanted the community to be able to get together and rejoice as a community. We wanted the performance space to be able to be one of the things that ties the city together. The city needs the University and the building to not only help the economy but to also help the citizens of the city change their perception about the city and the new possibilities they could have in their own city. Similarly, the other buildings on the campus are also designed keeping in mine not only the needs of the people of Stockton but also the aspirations.

DOUBLE QUARTER EXPERIENCE Although the second half of the double quarter was remote, I have learnt a lot from this entire experience. I have a completely new outlook on higher education and the research and thinking that goes into any aspect of it. This quarter, through research, firm interactions and presentations added so much to this quarter and was yet another thing that made it unlike any other quarter at cal poly. Combined with working on this project for my two other classes, these two quarters have been a surreal experience of being able to work on one single project in every way. Going through this quarter during the pandemic, on the other side of the world taught me a lot of resiliency that I would have never experienced otherwise. It was hard to adapt to a whole new conept of ‘studio’ and deal with what was happening in the world as well as school. But thanks to our professor, Stacey White, this process was made as smooth as it could have been.

Reflection / 07

100

Appendices Labs Precedent Studies Adjacency Tests

101

102

BLOCK

ALPHABET

ANISHA SHIKRE stacey white (Stacey White) STOCKTON, california

EUI 143500 s.f.

Floor-to-floor height

Daylighting

Baseline

target

143500 s.f.

146900 s.f.

0.25 WWr 14’-0”

Window to Wall 14’-0” ratio (wwr)

12.10% Average DF

Summary

Appendices / 07

.3 wwr

1.55% Average DF

30’ X 35’

Structure

32’ X 35’

max. bay spacing

Steel beam-girder system

CLT system

The courtyard and the structural frame is working well with this scheme. I would like to change how narrow the block is to allow for even distribution of daylight entering the building. I would also like to add skylights so that the deeper parts of the floor plates can receive daylight.

The structural grid and the courtyards are working well with this scheme. I would incorporate the strategies from Lab 1 such as sun shading. Including skylights would also help with increasing the daylight factor and natural ventilation .

ATRIUM

140,480 s.f. 14’-0”

ATRIUM : 1

140,480 s.f.

.4 wwr 14’-0”

4.82% Average DF

34’ X 35’

max. bay spacing CLT system

This Atrium and structural grid works well with this scheme. It facilitates the strategies from Lab 1 such as natural ventilation and allows for increased daylight. The skylight resulted in the building being over lit so reducing its size and incorporating sun shading devices on the windows would improve the lighting.

103

ATRIUM : 2

140,480 s.f.

.5 wwr 14’-0”

5.15% Average DF

For this iteration, I chose to increase the WWR on the southern side of the facade to allow for more illuminance and to light up the east and west sides of the building better. The orientation of the building is the same but the location of the building changed to Stockton, California, to account for the change in site for our studio project. While analysing the same model in the new site, the daylight factor remained the same. This is probably due to similar climate conditions in both places.

.4 wwr

4.6% Average DF

For this iteration, the WWR was kept the same as the original model but the orientation of the building is changed. The wider facades are facing the East - West direction instead of the North - South direction. This caused a decrease in the Daylight Factor from 4.82% to 4.6% .The average illuminance levels also decreased. This could be because the narrower sides of the facade are facing the south side. So we can conclude from the change in orientation that the north - south orientation is ideal.

Appendices / 07

104 DESIGN STRATEGIES

1. Passive Solar Direct Gain Low Mass Solar glazing can allow direct sunlight to enter for passive heating in the winter. To heat the house in the winter, openings should be in the common wall between the house and the sun space. The total area of these openings must add to at least 16 percent of the minimum glazing area. A portion of the heat gained during the day should be stores for release at night by locating thermal mass in the space.

2. Sun Shading For Windows Exterior horizontal louvers can be used to shade south glazing. Both, shading and venting should be used on the south side to prevent severe overheating in the summer. Shading devices can be adjacent to outdoor living spaces. Large overhangs can create thermal comfort and make an aesthetic statement.

3. Internal Heat Gain Heat Gain from light, occupants and equipments greatly reduces heating needs, so building should be kept tight and insulated so that the balance point temperature can be lowered. This can save energy by reducing the need for active systems for heating.

4. Natural Ventilation Cooling Buildings can be ventilated and cooled by taking advantage of naturally occurring wind currents. Window openings located perpendicular to prevailing winds, and coupled with openings on the opposite side of a space or building, will provide natural ventilation for fresh air and/or space cooling.

5. High Thermal Mass Thermal mass at selected areas, like ceilings or masonry floors absorb and store daytime solar heat for release at night when it is especially cold. A large portion should be stored to be released in the night. The higher the ratio, the more heat is stored. I plan to use high thermal mass at selected areas.

Appendices / 07

105

I am designing a Performing Arts Center so the building type I chose was ‘Theatre’. A theatre takes up significant amount of energy for lighting, acoustics, and other effects needed during performances and other shows. These have a significant impact on the energy used by the building. The mechanical systems I chose to try out were ‘Fan Coil Units and Central Plant’ system first, which gave an EUI of 91. ‘Radiant Floor’ gave an EUI of 87 and ‘Passive Chilled Beams’ gave an EUI of 56. The best performing of all the HVAC Systems was Passive Chilled Beams which gave me the lowest EUI for my building type. When adding solar panels, the EUI for Passive Chilled beams decreased to 40. After turning on ‘Natural Ventilation + Cooling’ the EUI decreased further to 18.

Appendices / 07

106

Iteration 2

For the second iteration, my target foot candle is 50 fc based on the recommendation in the chart for Assembly spaces. As per the recommendations, I chose a Indy Light [High Bay]. I also chose this kind of light for the graph which is aimed downwards as this iteration is going to incorporate a suspension. The suspension length is the same as an average suspension length of 1.5 feet. The results for this iteration was an illuminance of 49fc, which is close to the target illuminance for 50 fc. The power density is 0.43 W/ft square. There are 24 luminaries and they are circular. My window is parallel to the luminaries. The sensors that I am going to use are a photo sensor, since there is a south side facing window letting in sufficient daylight, so the electric lighting in the space can be dimmed accordingly. I would also use a vacancy sensor since this is a community center and the space might be frequently used and unused. Having these sensors would make adjusting the lights easier.

Appendices / 07

Iteration 3

107

The space that I am choosing to explore in my project is a community center. For the third iteration, my recommended power density is 1.2 W/ft square based on the recommendation in the chart for Meeting Center Areas. As per the recommendations, I chose a Lithonia Light [High Bay]. I also chose this kind of light for the graph which is aimed downwards and evenly distributed. The results for this were an illuminance of 137 fc. The lighting power density is 1.08 W/ft square which is almost as much as the target lighting power density of 1.2 W/ft square. The orientation of the luminaries are also parallel to the window. There are 25 luminaries. My window is parallel to the luminaries. The sensors that I am going to use are a photo sensor, since there is a south side facing window letting in sufficient daylight, so the electric lighting in the space can be dimmed accordingly. I would also use a vacancy sensor since this is a community center and the space might be frequently used and unused. Having these sensors would make adjusting the lights easier.

Appendices / 07

108 TEST FIT

Appendices / 07

PROGRAM LIST

109

Appendices / 07

110 EXTERIOR FACADE PRECEDENTS

WALLIS ANNENBERG CENTER FOR PERFORMING ARTS Studio Pali Fekete Architects Beverly Hills, California

Appendices / 07

GREENHILL SCHOOL MA WEISS/MANFREDI Addison, Texas

111

ARSHALL FAMILY PERFORMING ARTS CENTER

KENNEDY CENTER FOR THEATRE AND STUDIO ARTS Machado and Silvetti Associates Oneida County, New York

Appendices / 07

112 PROGRAM PRECEDENTS

NATIONAL POLISH RADIO SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA Konior Studio Katowice, Poland This building is 25,833 sf and was built in 2014. Konior Studio decided to populate the building perimeter with public spaces like parks. Inside, there are over 400 rooms including a 1800-seat grand concert hall, rehearsal rooms, dressing rooms, recording studios, a canteen, a small hotel, and an atrium to be used as a multi-functional public space “as a street in a city creates background for life inside”.

Appendices / 07

113

PERRY AND MARTY GRANOFF CENTER FOR THE CREATIVE ARTS, BROWN UNIVERSITY Diller, Scofidio, and Renfro Providence, Rhode Island This 38,815 sf building was built in 2011 at Brown University. Its program includes performance space, exhibitions, installations, and an outdoor amphitheater, and was intended to encourage a collaborative environment with flexibility. Brown University hopes to offer courses in this building based on the collaboration of artists, scientists, and scholars to â&#x20AC;&#x153;create new art forms, explore new approaches to collaboration, and extend the knowledge of the creative processâ&#x20AC;?.

Appendices / 07

114 PROGRAM PRECEDENTS

MASHOUF PERFORMING ARTS CENTER Michael Maltzan Architecture San Francisco, San Francisco State University A 1,200 seat opera style theater is planned within the first phase of construction, and four smaller theaters will follow in two additional phases. The total 242,000 sqf Mashouf Performing Arts Center will also include programs for drama, dance, music, and broadcast journalism.

GREENHILL SCHOOL MARSHALL FAMILY PERFORMING ARTS CENTER WEISS/MANFREDI Addison, Texas

Appendices / 07

115

PERELMAN PERFORMING ARTS CENTER REX World Trade Center, New York

The performance spaces occupy two levels of the building and include a 600-seat proscenium theater, a state-of-the-art studio theater, a dance rehearsal and choral space, a film/video lab, and extensive theater support space. The multi-purpose proscenium theater includes a fly loft, the studio theater seats 150, the dance and choral rehearsal studio seats 80, and the film and video production lab extends the performing arts into new digital territories. Learning environments include theater spaces as well as in classrooms, dressing rooms, a costume shop, and a scene shop.

Appendices / 07

116 WALL SECTION + ELEVATION

Appendices / 07

117

Appendices / 07

118 AXONOMETRIC

DETAILS

119

120

Bibliography

121

122 BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 - Introduction https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/local/palm-desert/2020/02/24/palm-desert-makes-list-for-possible-csu-campus/4725156002/ https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/communities/south-county/chula-vista/story/2020-03-02/csutakes-a-serious-look-at-chula-vista-for-potential-new-university-campus CHAPTER 2 - Community Overview SAN MATEO DEMOGRAPHICS https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ca/san-mateo/demographics CLIMATE https://en.climate-data.org/north-america/united-states-of-america/california/san-mateo-6410/ WILDLIFE https://www.smchealth.org/pets-wildlife-pests-wildlife HERITAGE https://noehill.com/sanmateo/ https://parks.smcgov.org/san-mateo-county-park-advisories STOCKTON DEMOGRAPHICS https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/stockton-population/ https://census.ca.gov/ http://www.city-data.com/city/Stockton-California.html CRIME https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ca/stockton/crime https://ncg.org/sites/default/files/files/pages/ReinventStocktonJune12018Summary.pdf JOBS https://www.bls.gov/regions/west/news-release/occupationalemploymentandwagesstockton.htm https://datausa.io/profile/geo/stockton-ca/ https://realestate.usnews.com/places/california/stockton/jobs TRANSPORT https://www.stockton.gov.uk/economic-regeneration-and-transport/public-and-community-transport/ https://roadtraffic.dft.gov.uk/local-authorities/163 CHAPTER 3 - Higher Education NOLLI MAPS https://asg-architects.com/ideas/comparing-campuses/ SAN MATEO EDUCATION https://www.communitycollegereview.com/canada-college-profile https://www.calopps.org/san-mateo-county-office-of-education

Bibliography / 08

123 STOCKTON EDUCATION https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NGMP44700 https://www.collegefactual.com/colleges/the-richard-stockton-college-of-new-jersey/academic-life/graduation-and-retention/ https://www.communitycollegereview.com/san-joaquin-delta-college-profile WHY DO THEY NEED A CSU? ttps://www.publicschoolreview.com/california/stockton-unified-school-district/638010-school-district https://www.stocktondemonstration.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SEED-Discussion-Paper.pdf https://climaterwc.com/2019/04/24/political-climate-with-mark-simon-could-canada-college-become-csu-silicon-valley/ https://padailypost.com/2019/04/26/local-csu-campus-proposed/ https://climaterwc.com/2019/04/24/political-climate-with-mark-simon-could-canada-college-become-csu-silicon-valley/ CHAPTER 4 - Vision and Goals https://padailypost.com/2019/04/26/local-csu-campus-proposed https://www.csustan.edu/stockton-campus https://bruinvoice.net/5926/news/governor-commits-funds-to-study-csu-stockton-campus/ CHAPTER 5 - Master Plan http://www.nbbj.com/work/university-of-chicago/ https://www.sjsu.edu/adminfinance/about/newsletters/2013/news2013july/fdojuly2013/index.html https://sjsuspartans.com/sports/2018/8/3/ot-sjsu-capital-projects-html.aspx https://www.pacific.edu/ https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/avp/ CHAPTER 6 - The Built Environment Design Like You Give A Damn by Kate Stohr Happy City Major Features of the California Master Plan for Higher Education https://www.ucop.edu/acadinit/mastplan/kerr082499.htm Rural Studio and the Architecture of Decency State of the Art in Planning for College and University Campuses by Amir Hajrasouliha The Future of Architecture by Bjarke Ingels The Walkable City CHAPTER 7 - Appendices LAB 2 (ARCH 307) LAB 1 (ARCH 342)

Bibliography / 08